Topic 5
5.4 Migration
Introduction – Key terms p. 28
Key terms
Key terms
Today immigration (moving in to live and work in another country) and
emigration (moving out to live and work in another country) are much easier to
achieve than many years ago.
Many people choose to migrate for positive reasons. Some people, however,
are forced to move out of countries and are not always welcome at their
destinations. Whether forced (involuntary) or voluntary, migration is an issue
that affects many countries.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hiujzFNgHcE&list=PLy9smLdppVrMzoeEHKnmkhLAzlh5sOr6&index=2
Lee’s Push & Pull Theory
1. The country or place from which the migrant begins is called the origin.
2. The country or place to which the migrant travels is called the destination.
3. In between the origin and the destination the migrant is described as being
enroute.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cV4zCTZV7EM
Push & Pull Factors p.28
Push factors are to do with where people
are living. These are reasons to move away
from that place, e.g. there is no work available due to drought.
Pull factors are to do with where people wish to move to. These are
reasons that attract people to the new place, e.g. freedom from
persecution.
Intervening obstacles may be many, e.g. cost of moving, passport/visa
issues, physical obstacles.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f0dVfDiSrFo
Lee’s Push & Pull Theory
The Lee's Model show that as well as there being push factors from
where you live there are also pull factors that keep you there
(represented by + in model).
It also says that as well as pull factors that attract you to a new
location, there are also push factors not making you want to move
there (represented by - in the diagram).
Lee’s Push & Pull Theory
People migrate for a huge variety of reasons and it is impossible to try and
list all of them.
1. For every potential migrant, the home or country of origin would have a
variety of positive (family, friends, house) and negatives (no job, polluted).
2. The destination country will also have a variety of positives (possible job,
better standard of living) and negatives (no friends, no home).
3. If the migrant believes that the negatives of her home outweigh the
positive and the positives of her destination outweigh the negative then
s/he will want to move.
4. The only thing in their way now are the barriers/obstacles such as the
cost of selling her home or buying a train ticket, or, visa requirements, for
example.
5. If s/he can overcome these then s/he will move becoming a migrant.
Push Factors From Origin Country
Pull Factors From Origin Country
Good weather (ENVIRONMENTAL)
Your house, Friends and family, Your
culture etc. (SOCIAL)
Push Factors From New Country
→ Cost of housing (ECONOMIC)
→ Language barriers, No friends or family etc.(SOCIAL)
Pull Factors From New Country
← Better jobs/salaries (ECONOMIC)
← Better schools, healthcare (SOCIAL)
Intervening Obstacles
These are problems that a migrant may face on his/her
journey.
They are represented on the Lee's Model by the wiggly line in
between country of origin and destination country.
Examples
Economic: Shortage of money
Social: Language barriers, transport delays, housing
Political: Passport or visa issues
Environmental: Bad
Task p. 31
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