Internship Report On
Effectiveness of Microfinance in Promoting Entrepreneurship among
Rural Women: A study on JCF
Submitted To
Department of Finance and Banking
Jashore University of Science and Technology
Supervised By
Al Amin Biswas
Assistant Professor
Department of Finance and Banking
Jashore University of Science and Technology
Submitted By
Md Moyn Uddin Hasnat
Student ID: 192013
Session: 2019-20
Department of Finance and Banking
Jashore University of Science and Technology
Internship Report Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the
Degree of BBA in Finance and Banking
Date of Submission: 30-04-2025
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
April 30th 2025
Al Amin Biswas
Assistant Professor
Department of Finance & Banking
Faculty of Business Studies
Jashore University of Science and Technology
Jashore- 7408
Subject: Submission of Internship Report
Dear Sir,
It is an honor to deliver my internship report on “Effectiveness of Microfinance in
Promoting Entrepreneurship among Rural Women: A study on JCF” as a
prerequisite for completing my BBA program. This report is based on secondary data
and the information generated from my investigation. I have invested the best effort I
can to prepare this report and eventually come up with a worthwhile conclusion.
However, if any clarification is required, I would be glad to provide it as best as I can.
Sincerely yours,
Md Moyn Uddin Hasnat
ID: 192013
Session: 2019-20
Department of Finance & Banking
Faculty of Business Studies
Jashore University of Science and Technology
i
DECLARATION
I, the undersigned, hereby declare that the piece of work has been prepared by me under
the guidance of Al Amin Biswas, Assistant Professor, as a requirement for the
accomplishment of a BBA degree from the Department of Finance and Banking,
Jashore University of Science and Technology. It is also declared that this report has
been prepared for academic purposes only and will not be submitted elsewhere for any
other purpose.
Md Moyn Uddin Hasnat
ID: 192013
Department of Finance & Banking
Faculty of Business Studies
Jashore University of Science and Technology
ii
APPROVAL LETTER
This report here to entitled “Effectiveness of Microfinance in promoting
Entrepreneurship among Rural Women: A study on JCF’’ is prepared and submitted
by MD Moyn Uddin Hasnat, bearing ID No: 192013, in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Business Administration in Finance and
Banking (BBA in Finance and Banking). The report has been examined and is
recommended for submission.
Supervisor
Al Amin Biswas
Assistant Professor
Department of Finance and Banking
Jashore University of Science and Technology
iii
ACKNOWLEGMENT
I would like to, first and foremost, express my profound gratitude to the Almighty Allah
for allowing me to complete this report successfully.
I would like to extend my deepest gratitude to my supervisor Al Amin Biswas, Assistant
Professor, Department of Finance and Banking, Jashore University of Science and
Technology for his scholarly support, academic guidance, and ability to teach scholarly
writing with patience and critical insight at all times during this task. His advice and
detailed comments on this study undoubtedly improved the standard substantially. I
must also acknowledge the encouragement and invaluable assistance of others. I’ve lit
an eternal flame of thanks and a strong sense of duty to my honorable teachers for their
invaluable advice, helpful criticism, and motivating demeanor throughout my studies.
I admire and thank every faculty member. I am incredibly grateful to all of my
instructors and family members who supported me throughout my academic career,
further, I thank all the representatives of the JCF, where I did my internship.
Besides, I would like to thank all my friends especially who helped me to complete this
internship and the reporting process and prepare my internship report.
iv
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This internship report explores the role and effectiveness of microfinance in fostering
entrepreneurship among rural women, with a focused study on the activities of Jagorani
Chakra Foundation (JCF), a well-known NGO in Bangladesh. The research aims to
evaluate how microfinance services provided by JCF empower rural women
economically and socially, enabling them to establish and sustain small businesses.
Through field observations, interviews, and data analysis, the study finds that
microfinance has significantly contributed to enhancing women’s participation in
entrepreneurial activities. Access to small loans, savings programs, and skill
development training has allowed many women to initiate income-generating ventures,
such as livestock farming, tailoring, and small retail businesses. The report also
identifies the ripple effects of financial independence, including improved decisionmaking power, increased household income, and enhanced self-confidence among
women entrepreneurs.
However, the study also reveals several challenges such as limited financial literacy,
market access issues, and dependency on loans for survival rather than growth. Despite
these challenges, JCF’s holistic approach—combining financial services with social
support—has shown a measurable positive impact on women’s lives and rural
economic development.
The report concludes by recommending strategies to improve the sustainability of
women-led enterprises, including more extensive training, mentoring, and facilitating
access to wider markets. Overall, the study underscores the transformative potential of
microfinance when integrated with inclusive, gender-sensitive development models.
v
ACRONYMS
1. JCF
Jagorani Chakra Foundation
2. MFIs
Microfinance Institutions
3. NGO
Non-Government Organization
4. CEO(s)
Chief Executive Officer(s)
5. SWOT
Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats
6. FGDs
Focus Group Discussions
7. SDGs
Sustainable Development Goals
8.
BB
Bangladesh Bank
9.
GDP
Gross Domestic Product
10. GNI
Gross National Product
vi
LIST OF TABLE
Table 4.1
Loan Products
Table 4.2
Employee Distribution
Table 4.3
Loan Disbursement, Recovery & Gender Share
Table 4.4
Beneficiaries & Gender Share
Table 4.5
Total Trained Persons
Table 4.6
SWOT Analysis
LIST OF FIGURE
Figure 3.1
Logo of JCF
Figure 2.2
Organizational Hierarchy
Figure 4.1
Employee Distribution
Figure 4.3
Beneficiaries & Gender Share
Figure 4.4
Total Trained Persons
vii
INTERSHIP CERTIFICATE
viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Particulers
Page Number
Letter of Transmittal
i
Declaration
ii
Approval Letter
iii
Acknowledgement
iv
Executive Summary
v
Acronyms
vi
List of Table
vii
List of Figure
vii
Internship Certificate
viii
Table of Contents
xi-x
Chapter One: Introduction
1
1.1 Background of the Study
2
1.2 Description of the Internship Site
2
1.3 Objectives
2
1.4 Rationale of the Study
2
1.5 Limitations of the Study
3
1.6 Structure of the Report
3
Chapter Two: Methodology of the Report
4
2.1 Study Type
5
2.2 Sources of Data
5
2.3 Tools of Study
5
Chapter Three: Profile of the Internship Organization
6
3.1 Introduction
7
3.2 Key Programs and Services of JCF
8
3.3 Microfinance Program at JCF
10
3.4 Internship Environment and Facilities
11
ix
3.5 Organizational Culture
12
3.6 Basic Information
12
3.7 Organizational Hierarchy
13
Chapter Four: Analysis and Findings
14
4.1 Introduction
15
4.2 Effectiveness of Microfinance for Rural Women
15
4.3 Types of Microfinance Services Offered by JCF
17
4.4 Employee Distribution by Gender (2019–2023)
17
4.5 Loan Disbursement, Recovery & Gender Share (2019–2023)
18
4.6 Total Beneficiaries & Gender Share (2019–2023)
19
4.7 Total Trained Persons by Year (with Gender and Percentage)
20
4.8 SWOT Analysis
21
4.9 Summary: Microfinance and Women Empowerment through
JCF
22
Chapter Five: Conclusion
24
References
26
Appendices
27
A.1 Description of My Internship Program
A.2 Description of My Position and Responsibilities during the
Internship
27
27
A.3 Operations and Activities Performed
27
A.4 Tasks Assigned to Me / My Role and Responsibilities
28
Plagiarism Result
29-30
x
CHAPTER ONE
CHAPTER
IntroductionONE
Introduction
1
1.1 Background of the Study
This Internship is the part of academic program which need to be fulfill for the
completion of academic Program and bridging the connection between the Theories
applying it practically in the field. The Outlook of the Internship The thesis subject of
this internship was to observe the influence of microfinance on the encouragement of
rural woman entrepreneurship relating activity of Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF),
one of the leading NGO's in Bangladesh.
This internship provided an opportunity to explore how microfinance services—
particularly small-scale loans, savings facilities, and business training—can serve as a
catalyst for rural women’s economic empowerment and entrepreneurial development.
1.2 Description of the Internship Site
The organization committed to this mission for almost 50 years to build an equitable
world giving disadvantaged people particularly women and children equal access to
resources along with opportunities for living with dignity. The transformation from a
small community-based initiative has turned JCF into a prominent NGO within
Bangladesh that delivers broad development interventions together with powerful local
connections. (JCF, 2025)
1.3 Objectives
Primary Objective
To complete my BBA because Internship and making report is mandatory part of my
Degree.
Secondary Objectives
 The implementation of microfinance requires a thorough comprehension
 The evaluation of Microfinance as an instrument to support women entrepreneurs
 An assessment must be conducted to determine the socioeconomic effects of
microfinance.
 The research focuses on discovering obstacles which rural female business owners
experience
 Students will acquire professional competence together with field research abilities.
1.4 Rational of the Study
This study is important because microfinance help poor people to get small loan and
start small business or improve their life. In our country like Bangladesh, many people
don’t have access to bank or big financial service. JCF is one of the NGO who work for
2
those people, especially in rural area. They give different types of loan to help farmer,
women, small shop owner, and others. By doing this study, we want to see how JCF
microfinance really help women’s. Can they return the loan on time? These question is
very important. Also, we want to know if borrower face any problem or what can be
improve in the system. This report will help to understand real situation from field level.
It also help JCF and other NGO to make better plan in future for helping more poor
people in better way.
1.5 Limitations of the Study

This report is mostly based on formal recorded information but in many cases
borrower hide real reason for taking microcredit and I saw may cases where wife
taking loans by her name for their husband in that case those women are not direct
beneficiary.

To properly understand long-term microfinance effects two months of internship
was insufficient duration.

The amount of time along with limited resources prevented comprehensive
application of large surveys and complex analysis techniques.

A complete exploration of borrower success or failure factors remained beyond
reach because the study relied on basic questionnaires together with observations.

The research did not consider outside variables which included bad weather
conditions alongside market price fluctuations and family-related issues.
Even though it faces these constraints the report presents genuine field-based findings.
1.6 Structure of the Report
In order to facilitate report writing with an appropriate focus on each section and for
the comprehension of potential readers, the complete document has been separated into
five chapters for this internship report. The goal of the internship, the site of the
internship is discussed in the first chapter, which serves as the introduction. In the
second chapter I explain type of report and the methods used to collect data for this
internship report. The third chapter is devoted to the intern's profile, which includes a
description of the institution's history and ambitions. The vision and purpose of the
mission are also outlined to attain the organization's aims In the Fourth chapter, I
showed various analysis and findings. The fifth chapter serves as the report's
conclusion. There is a brief overview of the internship, and the internship's outcomes.
3
CHAPTER TWO
CHAPTER
Methodology
of theTWO
Report
Methodology of the Report
4
2.1 Study Type
This study mainly follows the inductive approach because it tries to understand the
impact of microfinance by observing real-life examples and collecting data from field
experience. From specific observations like how borrowers use the loan, their income
level, and repayment behavior, the study tries to make general conclusions about the
effectiveness of JCF’s microfinance program.
Also, this research is both qualitative and quantitative in nature because it uses
theoretical information also numbers and statistics. For example, it looks at how much
loan is given, how many people repay on time, what percentage of income increased,
and so on. These data are collected through survey and field observation during the
internship. The goal is to explain the situation using measurable information.
2.2 Sources of Data
To make the report more meaningful and presentable, two sources of data and
Information has been used widely.
The “primary sources” of data are as follows:
 Face-to-face conversation with the respective officers and staff of the Branch.
 Informal conversation with the clients.
 Practical work exposure from the different desks in the bank.
The “Secondary Sources” of data are as follows:
 Annual reports of JCF
 Web site of the JCF
 Different documents related to the NGO
I hope these criteria will be enough to find a different picture of financial performance
in the related sector.
2.3 Tools of Study
For completing this report I had used Microsoft Word and Microsoft Excel Also I used
internet of collecting data.
5
CHAPTER THREE
CHAPTER THREE
Profile of the Internship Organization
Profile of the Internship Organization
6
3.1 Introduction
The provided information presents a detailed overview of JCF, including its history,
mission, vision, main offices, departments, organizational hierarchy, number of
employees, and the structural attractiveness of the market it operates.
3.1.1 Historical Background
A group of enthusiastic Jessore youths established Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF)
during 1975 to transform the living condition of impoverished societies (NGO Portel
Satkhira, 2025).
The organization determined the underlying factors behind the
problem exist outside economic elements and within the realms of political and social
structures. The organization began by launching adult literacy programs before
developing its unique adult literacy educational content for that period.
Figure 3.1: Logo of JCF
The first development intervention of JCF began in 1976 by establishing non-formal
education centers for children followed by their registration with the Directorate of
Social Welfare in 1977. All development starts with education according to JCF thus
education remains its primary focus before launching new initiatives. A new direction
appeared for JCF during 1981 as the organization decided to take on work with the
untouchable sweeper communities. The positive results from this intervention enabled
JCF to choose community development as its approach leading to multiple successful
community-based projects led by project beneficiaries through their self-managed
people's institutions.
A group of dedicated social activists established JCF following the extreme social and
economic difficulties that emerged after Bangladesh gained independence. The
institution began its work by providing assistance to individuals affected by war
combined with economically deprived people living in the southwestern section of the
country. JCF experienced exponential growth since its founding by working with an
7
increasing number of populations and expanding into multiple development project
fields.
3.1.2 Organizational Vision and Mission
Vision: A just and poverty-free society where every person, especially the poor and the
disadvantaged, can enjoy equal rights, opportunities, and dignity.
Mission: To empower the poor, particularly women and children, through a
participatory and sustainable development approach that ensures access to education,
financial services, livelihood opportunities, healthcare, and social justice.
3.2 Key Programs and Services of JCF
Since its founding in 1976 Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) has worked as a multisectorial development organization through its implementation of social programs
which focus on poverty reduction while also promoting gender equality and education
initiatives as well as community resilience. The establishment of JCF in 1976 led to its
operational growth throughout different districts of Bangladesh while developing
specialized programs to address the needs of disadvantaged communities (NGO Portel
Satkhira, 2025).
3.2.1 Microfinance and Financial Inclusion
The Microfinance Program from JCF functions as one of its core programs through
which it provides financial service access to people who lack traditional banking
options particularly low-income rural women. Through this program clients establish
new small businesses or develop existing ones to enhance their financial state.
Key Services:

Group-based microcredit loans

Savings schemes

Emergency and seasonal loans

Entrepreneurship and business management training

Financial literacy education

Support for income-generating activities (IGAs)
3.2.2 Women’s Empowerment and Gender Equality
JCF dedicates itself to social and economic empowerment of women as its core mission.
JCF actively operates to eliminate gender-based violence and supports women's
leadership development while ensuring better female participation in decision-making
processes throughout homes and communities.
8
Key Services:

Leadership and rights-based training for women

Women-friendly income generation projects

Awareness programs on child marriage, domestic violence, and gender rights
3.2.3 Education and Child Protection
The organization JCF focuses on promoting inclusive quality education programs that
especially serve underprivileged children. The organization operates diverse
educational programs and development initiatives that defend children's rights together
with supportive developmental activities.
Key Services:

Non-formal education centers for out-of-school children

Early childhood development (ECD) programs

School feeding programs and scholarships

Anti-child labor initiatives

Child rights advocacy and protection from abuse, neglect, and exploitation
3.2.4 Livelihood and Skill Development
JCF builds self-reliance in poor communities by delivering training combined with
valuable resources which develops beneficiaries' vocational expertise and increases
their job prospects.
Key Services:

Technical and vocational education and training (TVET)

Market-oriented skill development (tailoring, computer skills, farming
techniques, etc.)
3.2.5 Health, Nutrition, and WASH (Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene)
JCF conducts multiple health-based initiatives which direct efforts toward enhancing
health outcomes for rural populations particularly focusing on maternity and childhood
care.
Key Services:

Community-based health education and awareness campaigns

Nutrition support for pregnant and lactating mothers, and children

Access to clean water and sanitation facilities

Promotion of hygienic practices
9
3.2.6 Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction
JCF delivers assistance to vulnerable communities designed to build their climate
resilience and natural disaster readiness within Bangladesh's southwestern regions
which face the strongest climate impacts.
Key Services:

Community awareness and training on disaster preparedness

Emergency response and relief distribution

Promotion of climate-smart agriculture

Tree plantation and environmental conservation activities

Construction of flood-resistant housing and infrastructure
3.2.7 Human Rights and Good Governance
JCF strengthens democratic values and human rights protection and access to justice
through its grassroots programs that combine awareness initiatives and civil rights
services.
Key Services:

Legal awareness and legal aid for marginalized groups

Voter education and civic participation campaigns

Advocacy for land rights, worker rights, and access to public services

Community-based conflict resolution and peace-building initiatives
3.3 Microfinance Program at JCF
The main focus of the internship was to study the Microfinance Program of JCF because
it constitutes an essential program designed to promote financial inclusion and
economic independence for poor rural communities led by women. Financial access
serves as the core operational principle of this initiative because the organization
believes it generates social empowerment coupled with economic advancement.
JCF’s microfinance approach concentrates on building community structures that focus
on legitimizing women excluded from traditional banking services mainly because they
lack collateral and financial competence and mobility capacity.
3.3.1 The program provides:

Microcredit loans for starting or expanding small businesses

Savings schemes to encourage financial planning and security

Emergency loans for unforeseen needs

Training on entrepreneurship, record-keeping, and business planning
10

Monitoring and support visits by field officers to ensure proper loan
utilization loan cycle operations group female members in units of 10 to 20
participants who maintain regular meetings for both loan repayment and savings
extraction and peer discussion sessions. These group gatherings create
opportunities for women to unite as well as tackle social matters while
developing female leadership capabilities.
3.3.2 Key Sectors Financed

Livestock and poultry farming

Small retail shops and home-based trade

Agriculture and seasonal crop production

Tailoring, handicrafts, and cottage industries

Food processing and vending
JCF emphasizes the sustainability and scalability of women-led businesses by
providing continuous guidance and linking entrepreneurs to local markets and value
chains.
3.4 Internship Environment and Facilities
The internship activities took place between the JCF’s Head Office in Jashore and the
Chowgacha branch office in rural locations. By working in both head office
administration and field locations the intern gained full comprehension of
organizational management together with understanding program implementation
methods.
3.4.1 Throughout the head office introduction the intern learned about:
Organizational structure and reporting systems: The organization operates loan
management software in combination with standardized financial documentation.
Coordination between central and field-level staff: The procedures for project planning
alongside data management implementation methods were introduced to the
participant.
3.4.2 The intern participated directly in various activities at the field level

Group formation meetings and weekly loan collection sessions

Interviews with loan recipients and JCF field officers

Case study development and impact assessment of women entrepreneurs
The intern took part in watching entrepreneurial education programs along with
financial literacy training sessions. Survey data collection methods along with focus
11
group discussions (FGDs) and informal community member interviews and surveys
were used.
3.5 Organizational Culture
JCF supports an organizational culture with absolute transparency together with
accountability alongside gender sensitivity and community respect. Every staff member
receives training about ethical conduct which helps them interact properly with clients
who primarily belong to the lower economic strata and traditional societal backgrounds.
Active program officer mentorship along with a supportive environment made my
internship educational while also being fulfilling.
3.6 Basic Information
Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) has reached 53 districts throughout Bangladesh
through its staff consisting of 8,500 people who serve 950,000 beneficiaries (JCF,
2025). The organization operates in 202 upazilas together with 2,002 unions and 15,579
villages. JCF expands its operation through 477 offices and two training centers which
enable the implementation of its programs. The organization provides services to an
assorted group of beneficiaries which includes 438,754 males and 776,302 females
(JCF, 2025). JCF employs decentralized governance because it provides development
support to remote locations to advance inclusive gender empowerment throughout
Bangladesh (JCF, 2025).The budget allocation for JCF during year 2024-2025 stands
at 95.84 billion BDT.
12
3.7 Organizational Hierarchy
Figure 2.2:- Organizational Hierarchy (JCF, 2025)
13
CHAPTER FOUR
CHAPTER
FOUR
Analysis
and Findings
Analysis and Findings
14
4.1 Introduction
The microfinance services offered by Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) have been
important to the development of Bangladesh's business sector for underserved
communities. JCF along with other institutions uses microfinance as a core poverty
reduction methodology through its functional programs in the sector. This report aims
to analyze JCF's microfinance activities, assessing their impact, challenges, for both
gender, based on data primarily sourced from JCF's annual reports.
Microfinance constitutes a collection of financial services which mainly consists of
microcredit loans together with savings accounts insurance and fundamental financial
services targeted at low-income communities outside regular banking channels.
4.2 Effectiveness of Microfinance for Rural Women
As an intern at Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) Chowgacha branch I researched
microfinance effectiveness for agricultural and poultry farming activities among rural
women who received microloans. The targeted observation region taught me about the
fundamental role that microfinance plays to enhance life quality and establish economic
independence for rural women.
4.2.1 Knowledge Acquired
I learned extensive practical skills about microfinance institution strategies supporting
rural women through loan provisions and savings opportunities and financial education.
Women received microcredit loans to start or sustain their businesses mainly through
poultry farming and crop cultivation which resulted in greater household income and
improved family conditions.
The practical experience maintains direct relevance with AIS and Finance classes as
follows: The knowledge of microeconomics and development finance help me
comprehend the economic effects of credit upon rural economies while enabling
marginalized communities. The study of NGO accounting demonstrates JCF's approach
to handling loans through distribution along with reimbursement oversight and
financial recordkeeping mechanisms. The principles of budgeting as well as cost
control methods are applied at small rural women-owned enterprises.
4.2.2 Skills Learned
During the internship, I developed several essential skills:The process included both
interview sessions with borrowers who ran poultry farms along with farming operations
and the collection of necessary field-based information for communication purposes.
15

As part of my responsibilities I checked loan payment timetables while also
analyzing how rural women spent their funds.

I learned the skills of preparing collection sheets and updating repayment
records and borrower profiling documentation.

I coordinated with my group members to apply the concept of loan discipline
which I learned during my classroom presentations for AIS.
The Business Communication and Financial Statement Analysis courses provided
valuable skills to enhance my field interactions while enabling me to determine loan
effects on financial results.
4.2.3 Observed Attitudes and Gained Values
Field officers devoted many hours conducting their work including walking through
remote locations together with riding motorcycles to meet their clients. Women
dignified borrowers received respect from staff members who promoted their
involvement in financial choices. Accurate record-keeping alongside transparent
reporting received prominence to continue building trust between borrowers and the
organization and its members. The experience revealed to me that field activities
operate as a group project because partnered work brings enhanced outreach service
and delivery. These values reinforced the importance of ethics and professionalism that
we learn about in AIS, especially in Auditing and Business Ethics.
4.2.4 Most Challenging Task Performed
I struggled immensely with my assignment to visit isolated communities where I would
receive loan payments from women who ran poultry businesses. The women at first
remained reluctant to reveal their financial data and struggles because cultural traditions
and trust barriers existed.
The communication approaches I learned in my class helped me follow the borrower
relationship building methods that experienced officers demonstrated. I showed proper
respect when meeting them before waiting patiently before starting my inquiries. The
borrowers eventually discussed the complete details on how they utilized the borrowed
funds to purchase chickens and feed or acquire enhanced farming instruments. The
research provided me with useful information which revealed the beneficial
characteristics and drawbacks of handling microfinance in standard situations.I had to
demonstrate great patience while building communication skills and adapting to
16
different situations as they are essential abilities for both finance-related work and
development activities outside the office.
4.3 Types of Microfinance Services Offered by JCF
Here’s a chart that summarizes loan products, their monthly and yearly interest rates,
and the purpose/reason for each loan type as per the reports:
Table 4.1:- Loan Products
Loan Product
Monthly
Yearly
Interest Rate Interest Rate
IGA Loan
2%
~24%
SME Loan
1.5% – 2%
~18% – 24%
Seasonal Loan
2%
~24%
Agri Loan
1.5%
~18%
1%
~12%
Start-Up Loan
1.5% – 2%
~18% – 24%
Education Loan
1%
~12%
Sanitation Loan
1%
~12%
Renewable
Energy Loan
Purpose / Reason
For small businesses, selfemployment, income generation.
Business expansion and
employment generation.
Agriculture-based short-term
needs during peak seasons.
Support for crop cultivation,
livestock, and poultry.
Solar panels, eco-friendly tech for
rural communities.
Initial capital for new businesses
or ventures.
School/college tuition and
expenses for children.
Construction of hygienic toilets,
water filters, etc.
Source: (JCF, 2021; JCF, 2020;JCF, 2023;JCF, 2024)
Declining Balance: Most interest rates are calculated on a declining balance, which
lowers the effective interest paid over time.
Flexible Terms: Some loans (like COVID-response or renewable energy) have
subsidized interest rates due to donor funding or specific development goals.
4.4 Employee Distribution by Gender (2019–2023)
Here’s a chart summarizing the total employees, broken down by men and women, with
their respective percentages for each year:
17
Table 4.2- Employee Distribution
Total
Male
Female
%
%
Employees
Employees
Employees
Male
Female
2019–20
3,910
3,160
750
80.8%
19.2%
2020–21
3,951
3,198
753
80.9%
19.1%
2021–22
4,100
3,250
850
79.3%
20.7%
2022–23
4,284
3,370
914
78.6%
21.4%
Year
Source: (JCF, 2021; JCF, 2020;JCF, 2023;JCF, 2024)
Figure 4.1- Employee Distribution
Employee Distribution by Gender
120.00%
Percentage
100.00%
80.00%
19.20%
19.10%
20.70%
21.40%
80.80%
80.90%
79.30%
78.60%
2020
2021
2022
2023
60.00%
40.00%
20.00%
0.00%
year
Men(%)
Women(%)
Source: (JCF, 2021; JCF, 2020;JCF, 2023;JCF, 2024)
Here's the chart showing the percentage distribution of male and female employees
from 2019–20 to 2022–23. You can clearly see the gradual increase in female
participation each year (JCF, 2024) (JCF, 2020) ( JCF, 2021) (JCF, 2023).
4.5 Loan Disbursement, Recovery & Gender Share (2019–2023)
Here’s a chart summarizing the loan disbursement and recovery, broken down by men
and women, with their respective percentages for each year
Table 4.3- Loan Disbursement, Recovery & Gender Share
Year
Loan Disbursed
Loan Recovered (Cr Women Share Men Share
(Cr BDT)
BDT)
(%)
(%)
2019–20
456.93
449.26
92%
8%
2020–21
537.83
498.11
93%
7%
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Year
Loan Disbursed
Loan Recovered (Cr Women Share Men Share
(Cr BDT)
BDT)
(%)
(%)
2021–22
641.72
592.40
94%
6%
2022–23
742.50
695.30
95%
5%
Source: (JCF, 2021; JCF, 2020;JCF, 2023;JCF, 2024)
Figure 4.2- Loan Disbursement, Recovery & Gender Share
Loan Disbursement, Recovery & Gender Share
Percentage
100%
95%
94%
93%
92%
80%
60%
40%
20%
8%
7%
6%
5%
0%
2020
2021
2022
2023
Year
Women(%)
Men(%)
Source: (JCF, 2021; JCF, 2020;JCF, 2023;JCF, 2024)
Loan distributions rose continuously between 2019 to 2023 from BDT 456.93 Cr to
742.50 Cr while sustained high recovery rates demonstrated excellent portfolio
conditions. The financial support disbursed to women kept increasing throughout the
4-year period starting from 2019 with initial 92% reaching 95% by 2023 while
maintaining their dominant position demonstrating how the organization prioritizes
female economic power. The organization pursued a gender-inclusive approach which
reduced male loan distribution to 5%. The increasing loan disbursement to women
supports women’s economic independence while advancing sustainable development
objectives. The data confirms the organization's achievement of balancing social
mission and financial standards to drive inclusive development and strengthen
community stability ( JCF, 2021) (JCF, 2023) (JCF, 2020) (JCF, 2024).
4.6 Total Beneficiaries & Gender Share (2019–2023)
Here’s a chart summarizing the Total Beneficiaries, broken down by men and women,
with their respective percentages for each year
19
Table 4.4- Beneficiaries & Gender Share
Total
Women
%
Men
%
Beneficiaries
Beneficiaries
Women
Beneficiaries
Men
2019–20
5,77,750
5,31,530
92%
46,220
8%
2020–21
6,24,809
5,81,073
93%
43,736
7%
2021–22
6,81,362
6,40,479
94%
40,883
6%
2022–23
7,38,361
7,01,443
95%
36,918
5%
Year
Source: (JCF, 2021; JCF, 2020;JCF, 2023;JCF, 2024)
Figure 4.3- Beneficiaries & Gender Share
Beneficiaries & Gender Share
percentage
100%
95%
94%
93%
92%
80%
60%
40%
20%
8%
7%
6%
5%
0%
2020
2021
2022
2023
year
Women(%)
Men(%)
Source: (JCF, 2021; JCF, 2020;JCF, 2023;JCF, 2024)
The number of total beneficiaries expanded year by year during 2019–2023 while
women beneficiaries increased from 92% to 95% of the total. A dedicated strategy
exists to prioritize female financial inclusion and social impact through the decreasing
male participation rate in addition to strong commitments towards women's
empowerment and inclusive development (JCF, 2020) (JCF, 2023) (JCF, 2024) (JCF,
2024).
4.7 Total Trained Persons by Year (with Gender and Percentage)
Here’s a chart summarizing the Total Trained Persons, broken down by men and
women, with their respective percentages for each year
Table 4.5- Total Trained Persons
Year
Total Trained
Men
Women
% Men
% Women
2019–20
47,238
5,090
42,148
10.77%
89.23%
20
Year
Total Trained
Men
Women
% Men
% Women
2020–21
43,025
4,250
38,775
9.88%
90.12%
2021–22
51,730
4,450
47,280
8.60%
91.40%
2022–23
55,060
4,810
50,250
8.74%
91.26%
Source: (JCF, 2021; JCF, 2020;JCF, 2023;JCF, 2024)
Figure 4.4- Total Trained Persons
Trained Persons
120.00%
percentage
100.00%
80.00%
60.00%
89.23%
90.12%
91.40%
91.26%
10.77%
9.88%
8.60%
8.74%
2020
2021
2022
2023
40.00%
20.00%
0.00%
year
Women(%)
Men(%)
Source: (JCF, 2021; JCF, 2020;JCF, 2023;JCF, 2024)
The majority of JCF training recipients turn out to be women representing more than
89 percent of total participants because JCF actively promotes empowerment alongside
capacity development for women (JCF, 2020) (JCF, 2023) (JCF, 2024) (JCF, 2024).
4.8 SWOT Analysis
Table 4.6- SWOT Analysis
SWOT
Details
Category
Strengths

Strong trust and engagement in the rural community.

The program focuses on empowering women using
microcredit strategies.

Integrated approach (education, health, finance).

Experienced and dedicated field officers.

High loan recovery rate with disciplined group meetings.
21
SWOT
Details
Category

Manual record-keeping prone to human error.

The organization shows minimal adoption of
technological solutions for its loan monitoring system.
Weaknesses

The field workforce faces excessive workload because
they handle multiple responsibilities.

The organization lacks designed learning programs for
both interns along with new station representatives
entering the workforce.

Manual record-keeping prone to human error.

The organization shows minimal adoption of
technological solutions for its loan monitoring system.
Opportunities

The field workforce faces excessive workload because
they handle multiple responsibilities.

The organization lacks designed learning programs for
both interns along with new station representatives
entering the workforce..

The impact of natural disasters hinders farming activities
and makes it impossible for farmers to repay their loans.
Threats

Competition from other MFIs and NGOs.

Political instability impacting field operations.

Lenders observe borrowers develop excessive
dependence on financial borrowing as a primary facet of
their operations.
4.9 Summary: Microfinance and Women Empowerment through
JCF
My two-month internship at Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) Chowgacha Branch
allowed me to study the empowering capabilities of microfinance on rural female
farmers within poultry production and agricultural sectors. The duties of my position at
Assistant Field Officer involved collecting loans while supporting borrowers through
22
meetings as well as documentation tasks and joining evaluations of program activities.
I witnessed all aspects of group meetings alongside loan distribution and savings
processes and the handling of data records at Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF)
Chowgacha Branch.
JCF approaches its microfinance services by favoring women recipients each time.
Women made up over 90% of the total loan recipients who also received training during
the period from 2019 to 2023. The 2022–23 financial year saw JCF allocate 95% of
loans together with training exclusively to women as part of their strategic commitment
to empower women. Alongside its growth JCF has increased the total number of
beneficiaries from 577,750 in 2019–20 to 738,361 in 2022–23.
Through my work I learned essential abilities including tracking field information and
loan progress and group communication as well as coordination roles. The development
sector requires five essential qualities of hard work and empathy with an emphasis on
teamwork and accountability for which I received training.
JCF provides multiple loan solutions which target small businesses together with
agriculture sector and educational needs alongside sanitation needs and renewable
energy initiatives. The products offer adjustable interest rates derived from declining
balance methods which enable access to disadvantaged borrowers (Islam, Al Maruf,
Ali, & Javed, 2013).
A SWOT analysis indicates that JCF maintains good workplace conditions because of
their strong public trust and high loan return rates together with qualified field staff and
their priority on servicing women. The organization faces difficulties due to its staff
overload and limited digitization together with manual data handling management. JCF
can build its business through three strategic opportunities which include the expansion
of digital finance while engaging youth members and expanding reach into rural areas.
The organization faces threats from natural disasters as well as dependence by
borrowers alongside political instability.
My internship experience gave valuable understanding about how microfinance
operations influence rural women through their daily life activities. JCF’s model
demonstrates a comprehensive method to achieve inclusive development through its
united approach of financial services and empowerment enhancement programs. The
experience proved crucial in educating me about microfinance as a transformative
social instrument which delivers maximum benefits through thoughtful accountability
along with compassion.
23
CHAPTER FIVE
CHAPTER FIVE
Conclusion
Conclusion
24
The concluding section addresses my total internship experience at Jagorani Chakra
Foundation (JCF) with particular emphasis on the practical knowledge gained during
two months in service. The analysis includes both an assessment based on personal
observations and SWOT analysis. My time at JCF Chowgacha Branch proved to be an
insightful practical learning opportunity which enabled me to gain relevant field-level
microfinance operational understanding. I worked under the Assistant Field Officer
Intern role to conduct borrower sessions while actively participating in funding
distributions and savings retrieval as well as documentation tasks and program
evaluation at the field level.
Witnessing microfinance have a positive effect on women’s life was among the most
meaningful parts of my experience (Fatema, 2020). The recipients of loans in rural areas
started or scaled up their small businesses of poultry farming which resulted in
increased family income and increased financial independence. My experience exposed
me to the financing difficulties facing rural areas where funds are paid late while records
stay handwritten and distribution to remote areas poses challenges. The integrated
observations and hands-on experiences showcased JCF as a structured and socially
engaged organization whose goal is to reach inclusive development. The organization
dedicates its efforts to women's empowerment through microfinance as demonstrated
by the loan and training statistics that reveal more than ninety percent female
involvement for the entire period between 2019 to 2023.
The analysis shows JCF possesses four main strengths which include its comprehensive
reach in rural areas and its successful recovery of loans along with its skilled personnel
and unified program organization. Operational difficulties still exist at the organization
because of manual processes alongside limited digitization and heavy staff workload
demands. The organization can strengthen its operations through expanding digital
finance services and providing loans calibrated for young people and creating
partnerships in the agricultural sector. The organization must develop strategies to
address threats that include natural disasters as well as competition from other NGOs
and political instability.
My experience at JCF allowed me to enhance my academic education through valuable
field experience in grassroots development finance methods. The organization serves
as an essential force for the financial inclusion and social impact field because it
supports national development priorities through its mission-based work.
25
REFERENCES
JCF. (2021). h ps://jcf.org.bd/annual-report-2020-2021/. Retrieved from
h ps://jcf.org.bd/annual-report-2020-2021/: h ps://jcf.org.bd/annual-report-20202021/
Fatema, K. (2020). IMPACT OF MICROFINANCE ON WOMEN. Retrieved from chromeextension://oemmndcbldboiebfnladdacbdfmadadm/h p://archive.saulibrary.edu.bd
:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/3830/Kaniz%20Fatema_1305657.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Islam, M. R., Al Maruf, M. s., Ali, M. S., & Javed, M. (2013). Impact of micro-credit programs
of. Impact of micro-credit programs of, 848-849.
JCF. (2020). annual-report-2019-2020-2/. Retrieved from annual-report-2019-2020-2/:
h ps://jcf.org.bd/annual-report-2019-2020-2/
JCF. (2023). annual-report-2022-2023/. Retrieved from /annual-report-2022-2023/:
h ps://jcf.org.bd/annual-report-2022-2023/
JCF. (2024). annual-report_2023-2024/. Retrieved from annual-report_2023-2024/:
h ps://jcf.org.bd/annual-report_2023-2024/
JCF. (2025). at-a-glance. Retrieved from Basic Informa on: h ps://jcf.org.bd/at-a-glance/
JCF. (2025). Basic Informa on- Jagorani cakra funda on. Retrieved from JCF:
h ps://jcf.org.bd/basic-informa on/?utm_source=chatgpt.com
JCF. (2025). Jagorani Chakra Founda on. Retrieved from Jagorani Chakra Founda on:
h ps://jcf.org.bd/?utm_source=chatgpt.com
NGO Portel Satkhira. (2025). NGO Portel Satkhira. Retrieved from Jagorone Charaka
Founda on: h ps://ngosatkhira.gov.bd/index.php/home/ngodetails/52
26
APPENDICES
A.1 Description of My Internship Program
I had the opportunity to complete my internship at Jagorani Chakra Foundation
(JCF) under the Chowgacha branch, where I worked as an Assistant Field Officer.
This branch operates in the Chowgacha area and primarily focuses on delivering
microfinance services to rural and semi-urban communities. The branch plays a
significant role in supporting financial inclusion, poverty alleviation, and women
empowerment through various developmental and microcredit programs.
My internship program started on 17th February 2025 and ended on 17th April 2025,
spanning a total of two months.
During the internship period, I received training in the following departments:
Microfinance Department – 1 month
Learned about group formation, loan disbursement, savings collection, and field visits.
Participated in weekly collection meetings and borrower follow-up activities.
Monitoring and Evaluation Unit – 15 days
Gained insights into how JCF tracks and evaluates program effectiveness.
Assisted in data collection and record verification at the field level.
Accounts and Documentation Section – 15 days
Learned about maintaining financial records, loan documentation, and day-to-day
bookkeeping at the branch level.
A.2 Description of My Position and Responsibilities during the
Internship
During my internship at Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF), Chowgacha Branch, I
worked as an Assistant Field Officer (Intern). My main role involved assisting in
various field-level microfinance operations, particularly focusing on borrower
engagement and loan monitoring.
A.3 Operations and Activities Performed
Microfinance Department:
Conducted weekly field visits with branch officers to interact with loan borrowers.
Participated in group meetings to ensure proper savings collection and loan repayment.
Assisted in verifying borrower information, including their business activities and
household conditions before loan approval. Helped maintain daily collection records,
27
update passbooks, and prepare borrower profiles. Observed and supported the loan
disbursement process, including documentation and loan agreement signing.
Monitoring and Evaluation Unit:
Assisted in conducting surveys and interviews with borrowers to assess loan usage and
business growth. Helped compile field data for internal monitoring reports. Observed
how staff ensured compliance with JCF policies and loan conditions.
Accounts and Documentation Section:
Supported in updating loan ledgers and entering borrower data into the system. Helped
prepare daily financial statements and reviewed collection and disbursement vouchers.
Maintained filing of borrower documents and loan applications.
A.4 Tasks Assigned to Me / My Role and Responsibilities
As an Assistant Field Officer Intern, my key responsibilities included:
Visiting borrowers in rural and semi-urban areas to collect weekly loan repayments
and update their payment records.
Assisting field officers in conducting group meetings and ensuring that all group
members were present and participating.
Helping identify repayment issues, such as delayed or missed payments, and
reporting them to the supervisor.
Maintaining communication with borrowers regarding loan terms, schedules, and
financial planning.
Supporting new member selection and group formation, ensuring they met the
organization’s eligibility criteria. Preparing basic documentation such as collection
sheets, savings forms, and borrower verification forms.
28
PLAGIARISM TEST RESULT
29
30