Advanced Science Vocabulary – Practice
Exercise
� **Word Bank:**
emission, sustainability, ecosystem, correlation, causation, peer review, bias, quantitative,
qualitative, replication,
formulate a hypothesis, analyze data critically, make an observation, publish peer-reviewed
research, validate a theory, test a variable
� **Instructions:** Fill in the blanks using the most appropriate word or phrase from the
word bank above. Each word may be used only once. Some blanks may have more than one
correct answer.
1. Before beginning the study, the scientists had to ______________________ based on preliminary
findings.
2. The team decided to ______________________ to confirm the results of the original experiment.
3. A high level of CO₂ ______________________ was recorded near the industrial zone.
4. To avoid misleading conclusions, it's essential to distinguish between ______________________
and ______________________.
5. The researcher aimed to ______________________ by submitting it to a reputable scientific
journal.
6. In order to ensure reliability, it’s important to ______________________ and identify potential
errors in interpretation.
7. In ecological studies, understanding how one species affects the entire ______________________
is crucial.
8. The new device was used to ______________________ in real-time during the experiment.
9. The article was criticized due to a lack of ______________________, as it failed to include
numerical data.
10. The experiment was carefully designed to ______________________ without interference.
11. Environmental policies often focus on long-term ______________________ rather than shortterm gains.
12. The scientist tried to ______________________ that had been widely accepted for decades.
13. To ensure credibility, academic journals require all submissions to go through
______________________.
14. The survey results provided rich ______________________ data from interviews with local
farmers.
15. The results showed a strong ______________________ between education level and awareness
of climate change.
16. The findings were skewed due to a sampling ______________________ in the data collection
process.
✅ Answer Key
1. formulate a hypothesis
2. replication
3. emission
4. correlation and causation
5. publish peer-reviewed research
6. analyze data critically
7. ecosystem
8. make an observation
9. quantitative
10. test a variable
11. sustainability
12. validate a theory
13. peer review
14. qualitative
15. correlation
16. bias
Questions for discussion:
1.
What are the main sources of carbon emissions today, and how can individuals help
reduce them?
2.
What does sustainability mean in the context of everyday life? Can economic growth
and sustainability go hand in hand?
3.
How can the destruction of one species impact an entire ecosystem? Can you give an
example?
4.
Why is it important not to confuse correlation with causation in scientific research or
news reporting?
5.
Can you think of an example where people wrongly assumed causation from a simple
correlation?
6.
What are the advantages and limitations of the peer review process in science?
7.
How can bias influence the results of scientific studies? What steps can researchers take
to minimize it?
8.
In what situations is quantitative research more useful than qualitative research?
9.
When might qualitative data provide deeper insights than numerical data?
10. Why is replication so important in scientific research? What happens when studies can't
be replicated?
11. How do researchers formulate a hypothesis, and why is this step so important?
12. What skills are necessary to analyze data critically? Why is this crucial in both science
and media?
13. How can a single observation lead to a major scientific discovery?
14. What challenges might a scientist face when trying to publish peer-reviewed research?
15. How long does it usually take to validate a theory, and what kind of evidence is
required?
16. Why is it important to test one variable at a time in experiments? What can go wrong if
you don’t?