Welcome
Occupational First Aid
training
First Aid is the first assistance or treatment
given to a casualty for any injury or sudden
illness by a trained person before the arrival
of an ambulance or qualified medical
personnel it may involve improvising with
facilities and materials available at the time.
AIMS OF FIRST AID
To Preserve Life
To Prevent the condition getting worse
To Promote recovery
Slips
Trips
Falls
Sharp
objects
Water
Fire
Toxic
fumes
Electricity
Do not panic.
Never move an injured person unless there
are immediate danger.
Never leave an injured persons.
When in doubt, assume head / neck injury
especially when person fall from height
Put gloves on before coming into contact with
any blood or body fluids.
Scenario
An electrician at your home fall from ladder
you approach them and find that no
response, open fracture in lower leg.
How would you respond to the incident?
SCENE SAFETY
PRIMARY SURVEY
SECONDARY
SURVEY
REFERAL (Medical assistance )
Check
Is the scene safe ?
◦ Chemicals . Traffic, Fire ,smoke extreme weather,
◦ Avoid confined areas with
no ventilation.
◦ If you can’t get near the victim call
Primary survey( Initial assessment / Rapid
assessment )is a methodical process used
to quickly identify immediate life
threatening injuries and conditions. That
requires intervention without delay.
UNCONSCIOUSNESS
AIR WAY OBSTUCTION
BREATHING DIFFICULTIES
BLEEDING
BROKEN BONE
Skill - Identify
possible mechanism
of Injury
Skill – Check for
dangers
Skill – Identify the
conscious level.
{Gently squeeze the
shoulders and ask
loudly, “Are you all
right?” Speak loudly
and clearly.}
Skill –Identify the
following vital
functions of the
body.
Skill – Check
ne,Su Look
weiSu Listen
±kSu Feel
Air way,
Breathing, &
Circulation
Maintain the airway
open.
Skill – Deliver chest
compression.
C – Cardio – lka;=l
P – Pulmonary mqmaMqYSh
R – Resuscitation
mqkre;a:dkh
{30 compression and 2
rescue breaths}
Skill – Start secondary
survey check head to
toe and Place the
patient on their side
(recovery position)
and tilt head back.
Lift your baby out of the water and carry them with their head
lower than their chest to reduce the risk of inhaling water.
If they are unconscious, open their airway and check their
breathing. If they are breathing, put them into the recovery
position.
If they are not breathing, start CPR( 5breaths & 30 compression)
Remove any wet clothing and cover them with a dry towel or
blanket.
open their airway and
check there breathing
if not
( 5rescue breaths & 30 compressions)
Encourage
coughing.
Skill - Give five back
blows.
Skill – Give Five
abdominal trust
Chest trust for
pregnant
mothers
Skill - Apply direct
pressure &
compressive bandage
on the wound.
Skill – Raise the
injured limb.
Skill – Lie down the
patient.
Skill - Place the
conscious casualty
in a sitting position,
leaning slightly
forward,
Skill - Pinch the
bleeding nostril five
to ten minutes.
Ask them to breath
through mouth.
If you can, try placing the tooth back in the
socket without touching the root.
If that’s not possible, place it in between your
cheek and gums,
Shock may result from trauma, heatstroke,
blood loss, an allergic reaction, severe
infection, poisoning, severe burns or other
causes.
When a person is in shock, his or her organs
aren't getting enough blood or oxygen. If
untreated, this can lead to permanent organ
damage or even death.
Treat any possible cause of shock that you can detect, such as severer
bleeding or serious burns.
Rest the casualty comfortably and elevate their legs if other injuries permit
you to do so.
Loosen any tight clothing from around the neck, chest and waist.
Moisten person’s lips if thirsty , Do not give anything to drink.
Keep the Person warm.
Monitor vital signs.
P – proper positioning
P – proper ventilation
P – proper transportation
Skill – Do not
remove it
Skill - Apply a bulky
dressing around the
object and press
down the on either
side of the wound
supporting the
bandage over the
bulky dressing.
Skill – Place the
burn area under the
running water at
least 20 minutes.
Skill - Cover the
burn area with non
fluffy material
A
bone fracture is a medical condition which
there is a break in the continuity of the bone.
Loss of power
Irregularity
Pain
Deformity
Unnatural movement
Swelling or bruising
Tenderness
Dislocated knee
Open fracture
Don't move the person
except if necessary to
avoid further injury.
Skill -Stop any
bleeding.
Skill -Immobilize the
injured limb.
Skill – Make the patient
comfortable
pain
swelling
stiffness
reduced efficiency of
function.
Discoloration
Skill – Do not move the
joint
(R) REST
Skill - Apply ice pack
(I) ICE
Skill - Wrap the
bandage around the
affected joint.
(C) COMPRESS
Skill - Raise the injured
joint.
(E) ELIVATE
Skill - Lean the
head toward the
unaffected side and
pour tepid water
into the ear with
the aim of floating
the insect out.
Skill - If this does
not work, take to
hospital as soon as
possible.
Skill – Raise the
casualty’s legs and
improve the blood
supply to brain.
Skill – Loosen tight
collars, belts, or
other tight clothing.
Skill -Supply fresh
air.
Skill – protect the
child from injury
during seizure
Skill – Reduce
the body
temperature by
cooling the child.
Skill -
Take to
hospital as soon
as possible
Skill – Ensure that
casualty is a
comfortable
breathing position.
Skill - Help the
casualty to take
their medications.
A heart attack happens when your heart
muscle is starved of oxygen-rich blood. This
causes damage to your heart muscle.
Skill - Ensuring that
the casualty rest
and call ambulance.
Skill – Keep patient
in half sitting half
lying position.
Skill - Help the
casualty to take
their medications.
Skill – Establish What,
When, & How much.
Skill – Place the
patient on their side
(recovery position)
and tilt head back.
Skill - Check
Air way,
Breathing, &
Circulation
Skill – Stop bleeding by
applying direct
pressure
Skill – Clean the wound
thoroughly with soap
& water.
Skill – Keep the
wounded part below
the heart level
Skill – Send the
casualty to hospital.
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