OXFORD
Ill
8
A Why did they call you that?
pronouns
names
vowel sounds
12
B Life in colour
adjectives
adjective suffixes
word stress
16
Practical English Episode 1
reporting lost luggage
18
Workbook File 1
a
SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Vocabulary: family and re lationships; colour idioms
Pronunciation: /d3/; shifting stress
Listening: An interior designer
26
A Get ready! Get set! Go!
present ten ses
packing
Isl, lz/, and /rz/
30
B Go to checkout
possessives
shops and services
rand final -r
34
Revise and Check 1&2
36
Workbook File 2
a
SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Vocabulary: bags; online shopping
Pronunciation: /s/, /z/, hz/, and /JI; r in British and American English
Listening: Reinventing the High Street
42
A Grow up!
past simple, past continuous, or
used to?
stages of life
-ed endings,
sentence rhythm
46
B Photo albums
prepositions
photography
word stress
50
Practical English Episode 2
renting a car
52
Workbook File 3
a
SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Vocabulary: more stages of life; in, at, on
Pronunciation: /di, !ti, and /rd/; the /f / sound
Listening: Reality TV
GRAMMAR
VOCABULARY
PRONUNCIATION
60
A Don' t throw it away!
future forms: will ! shall and
be going to
rubbish and recycling
/a1/ and /e1/
64
B Put it on your CV
first and second conditionals
study and work
word stress
68
Revise and Check 3&4
70
Workbook File 4
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Vocabulary: more rubbish and recycling; at work
Pronunciation: '// after consonant sounds; the suffix -tion
Listening: Recycling around the world
76
A Screen time
present perfect simple
television
/w/, /v/, and /b/
80
B A quiet life?
present perfect continuous
the country
vowel sounds,
sentence rhythm
84
Practical English Episode 3
making a police report
86
Workbook File 5
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Vocabulary: more television; city life
Pronunciation: the /w/ sound; long and short vowel sounds
Listening: From city to country
94
A What the waiter really
thinks
obligation, necessity,
prohibition, advice
at a restaurant
word pairs with and
98
B Do it yourself
can, could, and be able to
DIY and repairs,
paraphrasing
consonant clusters
102
Revise and Check 5&6
104
Workbook File 6
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Vocabulary: more at a restaurant; jobs
Pronunciation: connected speech; word stress in compound nouns
Listening: How to complain
..
GRAMMAR
VOCABULARY
PRONUNCIATION
110
A Take your cash
phrasal verbs
cash machines,
phrasal verbs
linking
114
B Shall we go out or stay in?
verb patterns
live entertainment
homographs
118
Practical English Episode 4
talking about house rules
120
Workbook File 7
a
SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Vocabulary: banking; places to do sport
Pronunciation: more homographs; initial /s/
Listening: Secret Millionaire
128
A Treat yourself
have something done
looking after yourself
sentence stress
132
B Sites and sights
the passive, defining and nondefining relative clauses
wars and battles, historic
buildings
silent consonants
136
Revise and Check 7&8
138
Workbook File 8
a
SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Vocabulary: healthy food; history and conflict
Pronunciation: silent vowels; silent consonants
Listening: Spa holidays
144
A Total recall
reported speech
word building
word stress
148
B Here comes the bride
third conditional and other uses
of the past perfect, adverbs
weddings
sentence stress
152
Practical English Episode 5
giving directions in a building
154
Workbook File 9
a
SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Vocabulary: maths; more weddings
Pronunciation: word stress; intonation in questions
Listening: A memorable wedding event
GRAMMAR
VOCABULARY
PRONUNCIATION
162
A The land of the free?
be, do, and have: auxiliary and
main verbs
British and American
English
stress on be, do, and
have
166
B Please turn over your
papers
revision of verb forms
exams
revision of sounds
170
Revise and Check 9&10
172
Workbook File 10
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Vocabulary: more British and American English; more exams
Pronunciation: British and American English; /ou/
listening: The PISA test
178
Communication
204 Grammar Bank
236 Appendix
187
Writing
224 Vocabulary Bank
237 Irregular verbs
196
Listening
238 Sound Bank
Course overview
·····-·--~
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Welcome to English File fourth
.
edition for speakers of Spanish.
This is how to use the combined
Student's Book and Workbook
with Online Practice, in and
out of class.
...
.
...
..
..
..
♦
.. ....
• • · • • •••
-♦• •
............ ......
Combined Student's Book and Workbook
The Student's Book contains all the language and skills
you need to improve your English, with Grammar,
Vocabulary, Pronunciation, and skills work in every File.
Also available as an eBook.
The Workbook contains exclusive Grammar, Vocabulary,
and Pronunciation practice for every lesson. Practise the
Practical English for every episode, and do the Can you
remember... ?exercises every two Files.
Use your Student's Book In class with your teacher.
Use your Workbook for homework or for seH-study
to practise language and to check your progress.
'
Online Practice
Look again at Student's Book language you want to review
or that you missed in class, do extra Practice activities, and
Check your progress on what you've learnt so far.
Use the Online Practice to learn outside the classroom
and get instant feedback on your progress.
ACTIVITIES
AUDIO
VIDEO RESOURCES
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Speakers of Spanish
.•.,~~~-'ft
..
••••··...
Extra online activities for every lesson to practise the key areas of Vocabulary,
Pronunciation, and Listening skills that speakers of Spanish need.
····•.....
..
..
And download the Vocabulary and Grammar Pocket Book, with notes,
examples, and translations, specially developed for speakers of Spanish.
Course overview
..
Why did they call you that?
It's Charlotte,
but usually
What's
people call
your first
me Charlie.
name?
El·ii·Jll·Ull?i fi,Fluiii h¥·ii4li·iHll·d
1 VOCABULARY names
a
2 PRONUNCIATION
Read about the people and match photos A-H to the
texts. Compare with a partner and together, work out the
meaning of the bold words and phrases.
vowel sounds
a
G 1.3 Look at the first names in the chart.
Listen and~
the name which doesn't
have the sound in the sound picture.
c"l
2
3
4
1 H Her full name is Lupita Amondi Nyong'o. She was born in
Mexico and her parents gave her a Spanish name which
is short for Guadalupe.
2
He was an English writer, poet and university professor, and
author of The Lord of the Rings. His full initials were J.R.R.T,
but he was known as Ronald to his family.
3
Her maiden name was Sklodowska, but she was awarded
the Nobel Prize under her married name.
4
Her name comes from her childhood nickname of 'Smiley'.
She changed her name legally, from Destiny, in 2008.
5
After she became a famous novelist, she published
detective stories under the pseudonym Robert Galbraith.
6
She is an award-winning actress who is named after a city
near where she was born, in the state of Minnesota, USA.
7
His first name is James, after his father, but his fami ly used
his middle name to avoid confusion.
8
His first three albums are called + (Plus), x (Multiply), and .;.
(Divide). His name is Edward, but he's called Ed for short.
b
G1.2 Listen and check.
c
Tell a partner about someone you know who ...
• has a nickname.
• is named after a place.
• is named after a famous
person.
• is called something for short.
• has a very old-fashioned name.
• has changed his/ her name.
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Vocabulary> family and relationships
i
9.
~
~'
Chris
Bill
Linda
Diana
Peter
Steve
Emily
Eve
A lex
A my
Andrew
Anna
George
Pau la
Charlotte
Sean
5
j
'a~
6
7
8
.
~
Adele
Edward
Leo
Jessica
Sam
Grace
James
Kat e
~
Tony
Joe
Nicole
Sophie
~
Caroline
Mia
Mike
Simon
b
With a partner, decide if the names in a
are men's names, women's names, or
both. Write M, W, or B next to each name.
Are any of them short for another name?
c
C9 Communication Middle names quiz
p.178 Do the quiz.
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Pronunciation > /dj
I
3 READING
4 LISTENING & SPEAKING
a
With a partner, guess which countries or
regions these names are from. Do you
think they are first names or surnames?
a
Yeon Seok Rakhmaninov Lopez Ramirez
Aarushi Li Abdul Ahad Jones
b Listen again and answer the questions for each person.
b
c
Read the article and check your answers
to a. Are the first names from the list
male or female?
Read the article again. In which country
or countries ...?
1 does the surname come before the first name
2 do people have no surname
3 do people have more than one surname
4 do people have a middle name connected
to their father's name
5 do some people stop using the surname
they were born with
6 are people given names depending on
when they were born
e 1.4 Listen to four people talking about their name.
For each person, write their name and tick(✓) if they are
happy with it.
1 Why did their parents choose that name for them?
2 Do they have a nickname?
3 Would they like to change their name?
c
Answer the questions in groups.
Do you like your name? Why
(not)? Wou ld you like to change
it? What to?
What's your first name?
Why did your parents call
you that?
Are there any names you
don't like at all? Why do you
dislike them?
Do you have a middle name?
Do you have a nickname, or
are you called something for
short?
Do you think it's an advantage
or a disadvantage to ...?
- have a very long name
- have a very unu sual name
- be named after a celebrity
Do you use your initials or
your full name when you
sign your name?
d What is the naming custom in your
country? Has it changed over the years?
Do you think it ought to change?
.
Jasmine *
Naming customs around the world 6 AFGHANISTAN Afghan
1 KOREA Names in Korea are written
with the surname first, and the first
name usually has two parts. So, if
Yeon Seok has the surname Lee, his
name is written Lee Yeon Seok. Twopart first names are never shortened;
that is, Lee Yeon Seok will always be
called Yeon Seok, not Yeon.
2 RUSSIA Russian names have three
parts: a first name, a patronymic (a
middle name based on the father's first
n ame), and the father's surname. If
Viktor Aleksandrovich Rakhmaninov
h as two children, his son's name might
be Mikhail Viktorevich Rakhmaninov
and his daughter's name might be
Svetlana Viktorevna Rakhmaninova
(the 'a' at the end of all three names
shows that she is female).
3 PANISH-SPEAKING COUNTRIES In most
Spanish-speaking countries, people
have a first name (sometimes in two
parts, e.g. Maria Jose, Juan Carlos)
and two surnames, their father's and
their mother's, for example, Maria Jose
Lopez Ramirez. In Spain, traditionally
the father's surname goes first,
followed by the mother's, but nowadays
the order can be reversed. However,
both surnames are always used and on
any form, people will be asked for their
surnames, not their surname.
4 INOIA India has many religions
and languages which influence the
naming customs. Hindu first names
are usually based on the position
of the planets at the date and time
of birth, but the names are often
shortened by family and friends. For
example, a brother and sister may
have the formal names Aditya and
Aarushi, but family and friends may
call them Adi and Ashi for short.
5 CHINA Chinese names are made up
of three 'characters': a one-character
surname followed by a two-character
first name, e.g. Li Xiu Ying. A child's
official name is used for their
birth certificate and for school,
but Chinese children often have a
different name that is used among
friends and classmates.
Ashi
names traditionally consist of only
a first name. Male first names are
usually Arabic double names, e.g.
Abdul Ahad, and women are generally
given Persian names, e.g. Jasmine.
Surnames are chosen only when
needed. Commonly, this is when
people have contact with the Western
world. The surname may be related to
the tribe the person comes from, their
place of birth, or their profession,
e.g. 'Doctor'. This may result in
people within the same family having
different surnames.
7 THE UK Since the 15th century, British
women have taken their husband's
surname when they get married,
so when Sophie Jones marries Peter
Elliot, she becomes Mrs Sophie Elliot.
However, 14% of married women now
choose to keep their maiden name. If
they do so, couples sometimes then
combine their surnames for their
children, so if Sophie decided to keep
the surname Jones, their children
might have the surname Jones-Elliot
or Elliot-Jones.
5 GRAMMAR pronouns
a
Talk to a partner. What are the two most popular
brand names in your country for phones,
sportswear, and cars? Do you know what country
the brands are from, or what the names mean?
b
Read about how the Kindle got its name. Do you
think it's a good name? Why (not)?
The Kindle eBook reader
first appeared in 2007, and
since then, millions of them
have been sold. But how
did it get its unusual name?
Amazon's founder, Jeff
Bezos, asked an American
designer, Michael Cronan,
to think of a name for the new device. Bezos told
him that he didn't want a high-tech name because
Amazon's customers loved traditional paper books.
Cronan and his wife talked to each other about
the warm, comfortable feelings people get from
reading. Finally. he chose the word 'kindle', which
means 'to light a fire'. Cronan thought
that it would make people think
of the excitement they feel
when they are enjoying their
favourite book. The name
was also inspired by a line
from the French novelist
Victor Hugo: 'to read is to
light a fire·.
6 LISTENING
a
a
Look at the brand names in the photos. What do
you associate with these brands? How do you
think the names are pronounced in English?
b
e1.7 Listen and check the pronunciation. Which
ones are pronounced differently in your language?
c
Work in pairs. Which of the brand names, A-H, do
you think these are? Don't write the letters yet.
It means 'three stars' in the local language.
c
Read the text again. With a partner, say what the
highlighted pronouns refer to.
2
3
4
5
It means 'snow white' in Latin.
It's a combination of three words.
It's named after a character in a book.
d
(D p.204 Grammar Bank 1A
e
e 1.6 Listen and change the word order. Change
6
It's named after a Greek goddess.
the direct object to it or them.
7
They are named after the people who started
the companies.
>) Give me the book.
2 >) Give her the shoes.
f
(_.Give it to me.
(_.Give them to her.
Think of a couple you know well (friends or family).
Tell your partner about them. Give the information
below and anything else you know about them.
Try to get all the pronouns right!
d
e
Listen again and answer the questions.
1 What two words does the name Microsoft come from?
2 In what year was the name Samsung chosen?
3 What was Nike's original name?
4 Why did the Starbucks founders want a name
beginning St-?
5 What two Viking letters is the Bluetooth symbol
made of?
'm going to tell you about my neighbours.
His name is Mario and hers is Sara. She's a writer
and he's an accountant. They don't have any children,
but they have a dog. Its name is Beppo...
e1.8 Now listen to a radio programme about
naming and match photos A-H to 1-7 inc. Did
you guess them correctly?
names jobs children pets
appearance personality how they met
U
It's a translation of the name of a Viking king.
f
Think of some popular brands from your country.
Do you know where the names come from?
7 SPEAKING
a
Kickstarter.com is a website that helps people raise money for creative projects, including new
product ideas. Read about one product from the website. Do you think it's a good idea? Why (not)?
Explore
Search Q
Start a project
Sign in
500 million plastic drinking straws
are thrown away every day in the
United States. Our organic straw is made
from seaweed. It feels like plastic, but
it's 100% plastic-free. You can eat it it's delicious, fun, and has zero calories.
It lasts up to 24 hours in a drink.
PRE-ORDER NOW
Glossary
'=======================~ seaweed a plant that grows in the sea, or on rocks at the edge of the sea
b With a partner, look at some possible
names for the product in a. Which name
do you think is the best? What aspects
of the product does it highlight?
Diet straw
c
Eco-straw
Lolistraw
Seastraw
Read about three more products from
the website. In small groups, invent a
name for each product. Look at the
p hotos and the highlighted words and
p hrases in the product descriptions, and
t hink about ...
• w hat the product is for.
• why it's special.
• how you want people to feel about
the product.
• the sound and length of the name.
J) Making suggestions
What about. .. ?
We could call it. ..
These are the first snack bars that
improve your brainpower. They
are high in healthy fats and low in
"" carbohydrates and are made only
from natural ingredients. They come
in three delicious flavours using
nuts, fruit, and chocolate; much
better for you than snacks with lots
of salt, sugar, or caffeine.
How about. ..?
Accepting suggestions
That's a good idea.
Yes, let's call it that.
Rejecting suggestions
I think it's too...
That's not bad, but...
d
We make nice things that are good for
the planet. We created this amazing
lamp for a student competition. It
produces warm light from a low
energy bulb. The lamp is made from
a wine bottle from a local restaurant
and oak wood from local trees. The
lamp is very easy to take apart and
all the parts are entirely recyclable.
Present your names to the rest of the
class. Have a class vote to choose the
best names.
Our simple building system is
for creative people of all ages. You
can make almost anything you can
think of, in either 2D or 3D, from a
picture or a model, to large, complex
sculptures, and even furniture. The
small magnetic coloured blocks click
together easily and are available in
a wide range of modern colours.
Use it in your workplace, at home,
or simply as a fun hobby. Start
small, but dream big.
(a
Go online to review the lesson )
What's your
favourite
colour?
Life in colour
I really
like bright
blue.
ffllt!ilk14i V adjective suffixes li@·ii·MH4ii
1 VOCABULARY adjective suffixes
a
2 PRONUNCIATION word stress
p Word stress on adjectives formed with suffixes
Do the colour test.
When an adjective is formed from a root word and a
suffix, the stress is always on a syllable of the root word,
and not on the suffix, e.g. rely- reliable. The stress stays
the same when a negative prefix is added, e.g. unreliable.
The colour test
What kind of person are you?
Look at the eight colours quickly and
choose the one you like best. Think about
why you like it.
b
a
G Communication The colour test p.178
Answer the questions in pairs.
1 What colour did you choose in the test? Do you
both agree with your results?
2 What colour(s) do you wear most? Do you think
they say anything about your personality? Are
there any colours you would never wear?
b
According to the test, I'm ...
It says that I'm ...
That's quite accurate. I That's definitely me.
That's not me. I That isn't accurate at all.
d Complete some adjectives from the colour
test with the correct ending: -able, -ate, -ive,
-ous, or -fut.
~ 1.12 Listen to the adjectives and check. Then listen
again and repeat them.
c
p Talking about results
Underline the stressed syllable in the bold adjectives in
the questions below.
1 Do you think you are a crelaltive person? Why (not)?
2 Are you very pojsselssive of anything, e.g. your phone or
your laptop? Why don't you like other people using it?
3 Have you ever felt enjvijous of a brother or sister? Why (not)?
4 Were you a re jbelllijous child or teenager? What kinds of
t hings d id you do?
5 Who is the most glalmojrous person you know? What
makes him / her like that?
6 What are your most comforjta!ble clothes? When do you
wear them?
7 What kind of unjheal jthy food do you really like eating?
8 What do you think is a suijta jble present to take if
somebody invites you for a mea l at their house?
9 What's the most im jprejssive monument or building you've
ever seen? Why did you like it so much?
10 Have you ever been to a very lujxu jrijous hotel or
restaurant? Where? Was it worth the money?
Read about the colour you chose.
c
Work with a partner. A ask B questions 1-5. Then Bask
A questions 6-10.
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Pronunciation > shifting stress
3 LISTENING
a
What colour do you associate with the following? Why?
calmness
ambiti_ _ ~sion_ _
soci
suc.=c=es=s, ___
e
happiness
luck
power
safety
sensit_ _
G p.224 Vocabulary Bank Adjective suffixes
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Vocabulary > colour idioms
-.....
b
Read some facts about colour. In pairs, discuss which
colour from the list could go in each gap.
black blue brown green orange
pink purple red white yellow
C
c
~1.13 Listen to a podcast about colour
and check your answers to b. How many
did you get right?
d
Listen again. Which colour does the
speaker say.. .?
1 can be seen clearly in most types of
weather
2 isn't used to describe a hair colour
3 originally meant 'to shine'
4 might be seen more strongly by someone
who has a certain illness
5 is not a good colour to wear outside on a
summer evening
6 could once only be worn by a very
powerful person
7 is a lucky colour in some countries
8 might be a good colour to use in a hospital
9 is the colour of something found in South
Africa in 1985
10 certain types of animals can't see
Fascinating
colour facts
Research shows that the world's most popular colour is
blue, followed by purple, red, and green, while white,
orange, and yellow are our least favourite colours.
• Works of art using the colour 1_ _ _ _ tend to be
more expensive . ...
• The word 2_ __ _ didn't describe a specific colour
in English until the 16th century, when it was named
after the fruit. Instead, people used the old English
word 'geoluhread', which meant 'yellow-red'. ...
• 3_ _ __ has a calming effect and reduces anger
and anxiety. ...
• In Imperial Rome, the colour 4
was
produced with an extremely expensive dye made from
thousands of seashells. ...
• Mosquitoes are attracted to dark colours, especially
5
• There is no such thing as a 6
mammal,
even though it's a perfectly common colour for birds,
reptiles, fish, and insects . ...
• Van Gogh said that 7_ _ _ _ was the colour of
happiness, and it's the main colour of many of his
paintings between 1880 and 1890. ...
• The safest colour for a car is 8_ _ __
• Most diamonds in their natural state are 9_ _ __
• The name for the colour 10_
meant 'dark'. ...
_
__
hasn't always
e
Which facts might make you think more
carefully about your choice of colours?
4 SPEAKING
Talk to a partner.
What colours do these words remind
you of? Can you explain why?
spring summer autumn w inter
work holiday money love hate
What colours would you choose for
these things? Why?
smart shoes a phone case
a suitcase a car a sofa
a bag
Do you know anyone who ...?
• wears very colourful clothes
• never wears colourful clothes
• dyes his/ her hair an unusual colour
• wears one colour most of the time
• is colour-blind (unable to see the
difference between some colours,
especially red and green)
What are they like?
1--
5 GRAMMAR adjectives
6 READING
a
a
Complete some more colour facts with a word
from the list.
as
in
more
most
much
ones
than
the
According to a recent survey, the world's _ _ _ _
popular colour is blue.
2 White meat is considered healthier _ _ _ _ red meat.
3 Black tulips are often more expensive than
pink _ _ __
4 The blue whale is the largest creature _ _ __
the world.
5 Insurance for a red car can be a bit _ _ __
expensive than for other colours.
6 White tigers are _ _ __ less common than
ordinary tigers.
7 Black tea isn't generally as good for you _ _ __
green tea.
8 According to a survey, _ _ _ _ most popular car
colour in Europe is white.
b
0 p.205 Grammar Bank 1B
c
Talk to a partner. Choose three topics or questions
from each section.
Look at the photos of three rooms. Which colour
scheme do you like best? What do you think are
the best colours for a) a bedroom, b) a bathroom,
c) a study?
A
COMPARE THEM!
1 restaurant food and home-made food
2 being an only child and having lots of brothers
and sisters
3 people from the north and south of your country
4 walking or running outdoors and going to the gym
5 studying in the morning and studying at night
6 going on holiday abroad and going on holiday in
your country
think restaurant food is better than my home-made
food because I'm not a very good cook, but it's much
[ more expensive and it usually isn't as healthy...
EXTREMES!
1 What is
film you've ever seen? (sad) Did you
cry?
2 Which sportsperson do you think is
role
model? (positive) Why do you think so?
3 Which is
tourist attraction in you r town or
area? (popular) Which do you think is
? (good)
4 What's the
place you've ever been to? (far)
Why did you go there?
5 Who is
person you know? (generous) Why do
you think so?
6 Which subject did you find
at school? (boring)
Why didn't you like it?
b
Read the article quickly. Which room in a most
closely follows the advice in the article?
c
Read the article again. Complete the chart for
each room. Which three colours are not always
suitable for bedrooms?
Suitable colours
a bedroom
a living room
a dining room
a kitchen
(1 think the saddest film I've ever seen is Brokeback
l,Mountain. I've seen it twice and I cried both times.
a study
a bathroom
I
How co ou r affects our mood
d Talk to a part ner. Why does the art icle
suggest ...?
1 only using red for o ne wall
2 adding g rey or b lack t o a pink room
3 only using orange in a light room
4 using yellow in a kitchen
5 combining different shades of purp le in a
b edroom
6 having red or orange accessories in a green
living room
7 having a green or blue wall in a brown living room
8 not using wh ite for a bedroom
9 using black
ince ancient times, colour has been linked to t he way we
t hink and feel. For early humans, the red of fire signalled
danger. Later, artists used coloured glass in church windows
to represent different feelings, for example, green symbolized
hope. In modern t imes, the colours we use to paint the walls in our
houses can affect our mood. So which colours should we use when
we are decorating?
S
Red is an optimistic colour. It's a good colour for a dining room,
because it makes people feel sociable. It stimulates conversation
and makes you feel hungry. But as it's a strong colour, it can
sometimes be a bit too much, and even give people headaches. You
could just paint one wall red, or use it for accessories such as lamps
and curtains. However, never use red in a baby's bedroom, as it may
stop the baby from sleeping. Pink. on the other hand, is often used
in bedrooms. It's traditionally the colour of love - a pale shade can
be peaceful and restful, while a darker shade can suggest passion.
Some people think it's a very 'girlie' colour, so adding in areas of
dark grey or black to this colour scheme can help make it more
generally attractive.
e
p ale / light g reen
d ark g reen
Use the adjectives to describe these c~ lours.
f
Purple is good for rooms where you work, for example, a study or
For people who prefer neutral colours, brown can be a good
choice. Although it can be boring, it's a safe, reliable colour in a
living room, and you can paint one wall green or blue if you want a
bit of extra mental stimulation! Other neutral colours, like white ,
grey, and beige, are always in fashion. White is the most flexible.
It's safe and clean, and you can add any other colours to make the
room look brighter. However, w hite isn't great for a bedroom if you
want to relax there - a survey showed that people with a white
bedroom tended to work in bed at least three times a week. Finally,
t he most dramatic, and perhaps eccentric, choice of bedroom wall
colour is black. In fact, it works in any room in moderation, for
example, one black wall.
bright green
2
If you want a warm, comforting effect, try orange . It's also good
for dining rooms, as it's said that it helps you digest your food.
However, like red, it's a strong colour and can make a room look
smaller, so only use it in a room that gets plenty of light. A colour
t hat's great for smaller spaces, on the other hand, is yellow. It's
a happy, energetic colour, and is a good colour for a kitchen, as
apparently, it discourages insects! It's not very restful though, so
it's best not to use it for a bedroom.
a bedroom, because it's a very creative, stimulating colour. However,
it's another colour that can make it difficult for people to relax after
a busy day, so if you use it in a bedroom, it's a good idea to combine
it with a lighter shade or another colour. Blue is also suitable for a
study, because it helps you to think and concentrate, as well as being
calm and restful. It's a popular colour for bathrooms, and bedrooms
t oo, where a lot of people spend 'thinking time'. Another calming
colour is green, and it's also good for a bedroom or living room.
Green makes people feel relaxed and less stressed, but it can make
t hem lazy, so if you don't want people to go to sleep on the sofa,
choose cushions and carpets in a bright colour like red or orange.
Look at some adjectives from the art icle t o
describe colours. Match t hem to 1- 3.
Are there any rooms in your house that
are painted the 'right' or 'wrong' colours,
according to the article? Do you think you
should change them?
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Listening
7 SPEAKING & WRITING
a
You're going to describe your favourite room
in your house to a part ner. Think about these
things.
• why it's your favourit e roo m
• the colo urs of the walls and accessories, e.g.
curtains, blinds, cushio ns, carpet s
• t he furn it ure that 's in t he room, e.g. sofa,
arm chairs, et c.
• any paintings or posters
• what you can see from the window
• anything else in t he room
While you listen to yo ur partner, ask questions
to help you imagine w hat their room is like.
b
G p.187 Writing Describing a room Write a
description of your fav ourite room.
(0 Go online to review the lesson )
Practical English A bad start
reporting lost luggage
1
0 JENNY IS BACK IN LONDON
b
Watch or listen again. Complete the You hear
phrases.
You hear i You say
-
1
Can I help you?
Yeah, my suitcase hasn't
arrived.
flight were you on?
Flight RT163 from JFK.
I'll take your 2
My name's Jenny Zielinski.
and then I can issue you w ith a That's Z-I-E-L-I-N -S-K-I.
reference number. Can I have
your name, please?
a
b
Q)1.17 Jenny works in New York for the magazine
NewYork 24seven. She has just arrived in London.
Watch or listen to her talking to Andrew. How
does he help her? What problem does she have at
the end?
Watch or listen again. Mark the sentences T (true)
or F (false). Correct the F sentences.
1 Jenny is in the UK for b usiness and pleasure.
2 And rew wa s o n holid ay in New York.
3 Jenny's husband (Rob) is working in San Francisco.
4 A ndrew gives Jenny back her laptop.
5 He introduces himself, and says his surname is Paton.
6 Jenny's fl ight to London was delayed.
Why do you think a man was watching Jenny and
And rew? What do you think he is going to do?
2
a
0 REPORTING LOST LUGGAGE
Q)1.18 Watch or listen to Jenny reporting her
missing suitcase. Answer the questions.
1 How long is Jenny staying in the UK?
2 W hat does her suitcase look like?
3 What's in it?
4 How long w ill it pro bably take for Jenny t o get her
case b ack?
And you 're a 3
- -
How 4
to That's right.
the UK.
are you Ten days.
staying for?
OK. How many 5
Just one - a suitca se.
are you missing?
Can you 6
it for me? Well, it's kind of g reyish
blue ...and hard plastic,
I think.
And w hat 7_ __ _ is it? I Oh, it's medium size, like
this. A nd it has wheels.
Anything else? Yeah, there's a small lock
and a label with my name
and phone number on it.
And w hat was 8_ _ _ _ Just about everything!
the suitcase? Clothes, toiletries, all my
personal belongings,
really.
Can I have your 9_ _ _ _ in I Just a minut e. It's T he
the UK? j Grange, Marsh Lane, Long
Crendon, Oxfordshire.
And a 10_
_
-:::.-:::.-=.-=._n_u_mber? Yes, it's 001 202 494 012.
And fina lly, can you Of course. Do you have
11
_ _ _ _ this? any idea where it is?
I mean, do you t hink it's
still in New York?
It's possible. We're very That'd be great.
12_ __ _ for the Thank you.
inconvenience. Here's your
reference number. You can
track the progress of your
luggage 13_ _ _~ or j ust
g ive us a call. But we should
be able to get it back to you
w ithin 24 hours.
J
c
G1.19 Watch or listen and repeat some of the
b
You say phrases. Copy the r.by_thm and intonation.
d
Practise the conversation in b with a partner.
e
ii In pairs, role-play the conversation.
1 Is Rob having a good t ime in Alaska? Why (not)?
2 What is Jenny drinking?
3 Whose computer is she using? Why?
4 Who is Luke?
5 When is Jenny going to see him? Why?
6 What is Henry going to lend Jenny?
A You are a passenger on flight BA1722 from San
Francisco. You have just landed at London Heathrow
Airport and your luggage hasn't arrived, so you go
to Lost Luggage to report it. B works at the Lost
Luggage counter. Use the Useful language box to
help you to describe your luggage.
B You work at the Lost Luggage counter at London
Heathrow Airport. A:s luggage hasn't arrived. Take A's
details and give a reference number.
f
Watch or listen again. Answer the questions.
Who is Selina Lavelle? Why do you think Grant (the man
who was following them) is watching Henry's house?
c
Look at the Social English phrases. Can you
remember any of the missing words?
•
Social English
to see you.
1 Henry (And) it's
2 Jenny It's
to see you too.
3 Henry No, no,
me take that.
it?
4 Jenny It's weird,
5 Rob
I really
you.
6 Jenny Oh no! That's
is it?
7 Rob
It's not your
Oh
! You'll look great in
8 Rob
those, Jenny!
Swap roles.
J) Useful language: describing luggage
Type of luggage: suitcase I case, sports bag,
backpack I rucksack
Colour: It's dark I light I greyish blue, etc.
Material: It's made of hard plastic I canvas I
synthetic material, etc.
Size: It's small I medium size I large.
Extras: It has four wheels I a logo I a label, etc.
3
d G1.21 Watch or listen and complete the phrases.
Then watch or listen again and repeat.
e
0 AT HENRY'S HOUSE
Complete conversations A-G with Social English
phrases 1-8. Then practise them with a partner.
A
B
It's too heavy for you Thanks so much.
to carry.
C
Did you know there was a No, I didn't.
fire at the station last night? Was anybody hurt?
D
I'm in New York today, and When w ill you be
then I fly to Atlanta for a home?
few days.
E
F
a
Nobody's answering the Yes.
door. How strange.
G1 .20 Watch or listen to the rest of Jenny's day.
What other problem does she have?
G
Do you like my new bag?
It's really beautiful!
I'm exhausted. First I Poor you.
missed my train, and then
the next one was delayed.
Hi! Welcome back!
You're looking
very well!
CAN YOU ...?
report lost luggage
greet someone you haven't seen for some time
sympathize with someone about a problem
Go online to watch the video, review the lesson, and check your progress
~
Why did they call you that?
I call everyone 'Darling' because
I can't remember their names.
Zsa Zsa Gabor, American actress
b·ll·iH·i!IILi li,Fl11i4i 1¥J-lfl9ii·i!l,i·d
1 VOCABULARY names
a
b
Match the sentence halves.
Complete the definitions with a word from the list.
first name full name initials maiden name
married name middle name
your first name
is a name that your parents choose
for you when you are born
2 a _______ _
name and surname
is the name between a person's first
3 a woman's _______ _ is her surname before she
gets married
4 a woman's ___ _ _ _ _ _ is her surname after she gets
married
5 your _____ _ _ _ is your whole name, including your
first name, any middle names, and your family name
6 your _ _ _ _ __ __ are the first letters of all your
names
c
Complete the text with the words in a and b. Write one
word in each space.
The story behind a name
Agatha Christie is the bestselling novelist of all time. She
1 Her name's Katheryn, but she's called
2 Gordon Sumner's nickname
3 The singer changed his name from
4 Robert Downey Junior is named after
5 Ruth Rendell sometimes wrote under
the pseudonym
6 Brad is short
a his father, Robert Downey Senior.
b Barbara Vine.
c Katy fer short.
d for Bradley.
e is Sting.
f
18
Peter Gene Hernandez to Bruno Mars.
_£_
wrote 66 detective stories under her own name and six romances
under the 1oseudonvm Mary Westmacott.
Agatha Christie's 2___ __ _ name and surname are
known worldwide, but few people know what the rest of the
writer's 3_ _ _ _ _ , A.M.C.C., stand for. Agatha had two
4_ _ __ __ names, Mary and Clarissa, so her 5_ _ _ __ _
name was Agatha Mary Clarissa Christie. Christie was, in fact,
her 6_ _ __ __ name - in 1914 she married Archie Christie
('Archie' is 7_ _ __ _ _ for Archibald). Agatha's 8_ _ __ _
name was Miller. Agatha and Archie Christie divorced in 1928, and
when Agatha got married a second time - to
the archaeologist Max Mallowan - she did
not 9______ her name again.
As for Agatha Christie's family, she
had a sister, Margaret Frary Miller,
who was 10_ _ _ _ __ 'Madge' for
short. Madge was 11_ _ _ __ _ after
their grandmother's sister, Margaret
West. Agatha also had a brother, Louis
Montant Miller, whose 12_ __ __ _
was 'Monty'.
VOCABULARY FROM SPEAKING
Complete the sentences with a word or phrase
from the list.
b G1.1 Listen and check. Then listen again and
repeat the names.
C
a wide range of modern colours brainpower
click together easily delicious for creative people
good for the planet healthy recyclable
simple building system warm light
G1.2 Listen and complete the sentences.
~ Anna
•o ~
2
Our art and design courses are suitable
for creative peop le of all ages.
3 The _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of some modern houses
5 Do you think that doing crosswords improves your
_ _ __ __ _ ?
6 The phone is available in _ _ _ _ _ __
9 If you want a _ _ _ __ _ _
some fru it.
10 The model plane is very simple to build because the
parts _ _ _ _ _ __
4
9.
's seeing his
this
5
i
's
7
8
&e
~
~
's
this year.
is quite
is o rdering
's
3 GRAMMAR pronouns
a
a
Aee-le Alex Bill Caroline Chris Emily
Eve James Joe Kate
Sam Sean Sophie
Leo
Mike
Complete the sentences with a pronoun(/, me,
mine, etc.) or a possessive adjective (my).
My wife and I are having a baby girl. We're going to
call her
Eloise.
Paula
2 I'd like you to meet my new boyfriend. _ _ _ _ _
name's Tom.
~
~
l
9.
cat
2
train
3
egg
4
tree
'o~
alone.
d G1.2 Listen again and repeat the sentences.
2 PRONUNCIATION vowel sounds
Write the names in the chart.
today.
to a
6
snack, have
a
's sending a
7 _ _ _ _ __ _ packaging is made of materials
like glass or paper.
8 Our products are _ __ _ __ _ -they don't
harm the environment.
's
l
means they can be built in less than a day!
. Can I have some more?
~
3
2 The _ __ _ _ _ _ from the lamp creates a
relaxing atmosphere in the room.
4 The soup's _ _ _ __ __
's carrying a black bag
Adele
3 I'm staying at my sister's house. I always stay with
_ _ _ _ _ when I go to t he UK.
4 We aren't going to Emma and Ian's wedding. They
haven't invited _ _ _ _ _
5 Can I borrow your dictionary, please?
I've forgotten _ _ __ _
6 I have two nephews. _ _ _ _ _ names are Richard
and Matthew.
i
~
~
~
5
fish
6
bike
7
horse
8
phone
7 We go everywhere by public t ransport. The bus stops
house.
right outside
8 Do you know where my keys are? I can't find
anywhere.
9 My car is nearly out of petrol. Let's take
10 It's my dad's birthday tomorrow. I mustn't forget to
call
19
b @ the correct answer.
d Complete the t ext w ith the correct
pronouns or possessive adjectives.
1
My
brother's first name is David 2_ _ __ _ 's called Dave for short. My
parents gave 3_ _ _ _ _ that name because
they liked 4_ _ _ _ _. His middle name
is Robert. Robert was my grandfat her's first
name and my dad's middle name, so my
brother is named after 5_ _ _ _ _. Dave's
surname is t he same as 6_ _ _ _ _: Hudson.
7_ _ _ _ _ nickname at school was Henry
because 8_ _ __ _'s the first name of the
famous explorer Henry Hudson.
1 The children love that book. My husband reads to them it I
~
-
2 They gave us their tickets I their tickets us.
I'
3 I'll send a message you / you a message when I arrive.
4 What do you think of my curtains? My mum made them for me I
for me them.
5 She showed me her holiday photos I her holiday photos me.
6 I'm going to lend a suitcase her I her a suitcase.
7 Do you like my new phone? My cousin sold to me it I it to me.
e
8 Put on these gloves. I bought them for you I for you them.
c
Write a short paragraph about your
name. Include .. .
• your f irst name, wh at you're called for
short, and why the name was chosen.
Complete the answers in the conversations. Change the
word order and use pronouns and to I for.
• your mid d le nam e, and why it was
chosen.
1 A Who showed you the photo?
B Jack showed it to me
• your surname.
• any nicknames and t he reason for them.
2 A Who sent Sophie those flowers?
B Her husband
3 A Who's going to buy your girlfriend a car?
B Her father
4 A Who sold your parents their new car?
B Their neighbour
5 A Who makes your lunch?
B My mum
6 A Who gave you and your husband that picture?
B A colleague
7 A Who's going to get you and your friends the tickets?
B My brother
8 A Who's reading Max t he story?
B His grandmother
20
(@ Go online for more practice)
f
Write a similar paragraph about a fam ily
member or friend 's name.
Man needs colour to live. It's just as
necessary an element as fire or water.
Fernand Leger, French painter,
sculptor, and film-maker
Life in colour
1Mlt!4U#ii V adjective suffixes lii·Jl·GH4ii
1 VOCABULARY adjective suffixes
a
Complete the text with the adjective form of the
words in brackets.
Complete the sentences with the adjective form
of the bold word. Use a suffix from the list.
-able I -ible
-ate
-ive
-ous
-fu/
I think Charlie's very attractive
great! ATTRACT
- he always looks
2 My aunt is a very _ _ _ __
woman. She
volunteers at a hospital every weekend. COMPASSION
3 My girlfriend is very _ _ _ __ . She isn't afraid to
express her opinion. ASSERT
4 It was very _ _ _ _ _ of you to visit me in
hospital. THOUGHT
5 Sue's a _ _ _ _ _ child. We all adore her. LOVE
6 I'm very _ _ _ _ _ of my friend's new car. ENVY
7 She's a _ _ _ _ _ author. She's written many books
and won several important prizes. SUCCESS
8 Jess is a _ _ _ _ _ teenager. She often looks after
the neighbour's children. RESPONSE
9 My sister is rather _ _ _ _ _ . She doesn't think
before she acts. IMPULSE
10 My nephew is really _ __ _ _ . He often does my
shopping for me. HELP
11
Philip was quite _ _ _ _ _ in his teens, but now
he's calmed down. REBEL
12 You have to be careful what you say to Helen. She's
very _ _ _ _ _ . SENSE
b
c
Complete the sentences. Make adjectives from
the nouns and verbs from the list.
affection consider create
glamour possess power rely
Maria's children are very affectionate . They always
give us a big hug when we arrive.
2 Matt's girlfriend is very _ _ __ _ . She doesn't let
him talk to other girls.
3 My boss is quite _ _ _ _ _ . She always lets me
take time off if my children are ill.
4 My assistant isn't very _ _ _ _ _ . I can't trust her to
do anything important.
ast year, my friend Mark made a 1risky
(risk)
investment: he bought an old house to repair and sell. Although
it had once been one of the most expensive and
2
_ _ _ _ _ (impress) buildings in the street, the house was
_ _ __ _ (afford) because it was in such bad condition. The
outside walls were 4_____ (dirt) and damaged in places,
which made the building quite 5_ __ _ _ (danger). The garden
was 6_ _ _ _ _ (mess) because no one had looked after it for
years. The windows didn't fit properly, so the house was cold and
_ ____ (noise) - you could hear the traffic outside.
Today the house is hardly 8_____ (recognize). Downstairs,
there's a 9_ __ _ _ living room with a sofa and some
10
_ _ _ _ _ (comfort) armchairs. As well as an enormous
kitchen, there's another room, which would be 11_____ (suit)
• as a study or a small bedroom.
Upstairs, there's a 12_ _ _ _ _ (luxury) bathroom with a
jacuzzi, as well as four tastefully-decorated bedrooms. Mark doesn't
have a very 13_ _ _ _ _ (health) lifestyle, as he spends all day
sitting at a desk, so he's installed a small gym in the attic.
The house is also much quieter and more 14___ _ _ (peace)
~ now because the windows have been changed. The garden has been
~ tidied, and it has some beautiful flowers, which makes it much more
L
~ ::t and have lunch :~~:~~-~t:o::.ery 16_ ____ (rest) place to
D
Repairing a house can be quite 17
(stress), but Mark
• is happy with the result. The repairs were 18_ _ ___ (expense),
• but he's sure he has made a 19_ _ __ _ (profit) investment.
:-: The house is in a 20_ _ ___ (desire) part of town, and he's
~ calculated that it's now worth three times the money he paid for it.
I
ttlmMR':=::tw
d
~
~
t- - ~
Make adjectives from the nouns and verbs in the
list. Write them in the correct column.
e-are colour end
success
help hope
thought use
-fu/ and -less
only -fu/
stress
peace
power
rest
only -less
carefu l I careless
5 Lisa's very _ _ _ _ _ . She looks like an actress!
6 He's a very _ _ _ _ _ businessman. He owns
several large companies and he makes a lot of money.
7 Anna's really _ _ _ _ _ . She's made some
wonderful sculptures.
21
VOCABULARY FROM READING
3 GRAMMAR adjectives
Match colours 1-7 to definitions a-g.
a
1 cream
_ c_
Correct the mistakes in the highlighted phrases.
a a dark reddish brown colour
2 turquoise
b a dark brownish green colour
3 navy
C
a pale yellowish white colour
4 scarlet
d a very dark b lue colour
5 khaki
e a bright red colour
6 beige
f
7 maroon
g a bright greenish-blue colour
a light brown colour
2 PRONUNCIATION word stress
a
Underline the stressed syllable in the words from
the list. Then write them in the correct column .
amlbiltious de!sirlalble enlvi!ous imlpul!sive
inlex!pen jsive irlresjponlsijble pasjsion!ate
relbejllijous senjsi!ble sojcialble unjatltracjtive
un jsucjcess!ful
She has a job stressful.
Stress on
first syllable
Stress on
second syllable
a stressful job
Stress on
third syllable
2 I love those purples flowers.
ambitious
3 Sarah's more tall than her sister.
4 Silver isn't as expensive than gold.
5 My sister's the more reliable person I know.
6 He's the student more intelligent in our class.
b
G1.3 Listen and check. Then listen again and
repeat the adjectives.
c
Underline the stressed syllable in the words in
each group. Then § t h e word which has the
stress on a different syllable.
1 as!~ ltive ~ poj~
2 atjtracjtive
glajmojrous
3 inlcon jsid jerjate
unjrejlijajble
d
jssive
lovelajble
rejsponlsijble
4 afjford jajble
comforjtajble
5 afjfec jtionjate
crelaltive
sucjcesslful
risjky
un jimjprejssive
profjitla)ble
lulxu jri lous
suijta jble
polwerjful
G1.4 Listen and check. Then listen again and
repeat the adjectives.
b
Complete the sentences with the correct
comparative or superlative form of the adjective in
brackets. More than one answer may be possible.
My car is less powerful
than yours, but it's
much more comfortable. (powerful)
2 I feel terrible! I'm _ __ _ _ __
was yesterday. (tired)
today than I
3 The road is _ _ _ _ _ __ at the top of the hill
than it is at the bottom, so you have to drive really
carefully. (narrow)
4 Zach is one of _ __ _ _ _ _ people I know he's always upsetting people. (considerate)
5 The _ _ _ __ _ _ person in my family is usually
my mum - she's always worrying about something.
(stressed)
6 The _ _ _ _ _ __ solution would be to take a
taxi so that we won't have to find somewhere to park.
(simple)
7 The blue dress is _ _ _ _ __ _ than the green
one, so I'll buy the blue one. (expensive)
c
Complete the conv_e rsations with one, ones, or)( if
neither word is necessary.
e
1 A Do you prefer Chinese or Indian food?
. I love really spicy food.
B Indian
2 A Which biscuits shall I get?
B The chocolate ones
Complete the second sentence so that it means
the same as the first sentence. Use the word in
brackets. Write 3-5 words.
Eddie isn't as ambitious as his brother. (less)
Eddie is less ambitious than his brother.
2 I've never heard an idea as stupid as that one. (the)
That's _ _ _ _ _ _ __ I've ever heard.
. They're my
3 Those are the smartest trousers my uncle has. (ones)
favourite.
Those trousers _ __ _ __ __ my uncle has.
3 A Which is your coat?
B The leather
4 Charlotte isn't quite as sensitive as she used to
be. (bit)
Charlotte is _ _ __ __ _ _ she used t o be.
4 A Where's your car?
B Over there. It's the green
5 The office at the end of the corridor is mine. (the)
5 A Shall I use brown or white bread for the
6 My new car isn't as noisy as my old one. (quieter)
sandwiches?
B Brown
bread left.
My office is _ _ _ _ __ __ of t he corridor.
My new car _ __ _ __ __ my old one.
7 They weren't as bored yesterday as they are
today. (than)
. There isn't any w hite
They _ _ __ _ _ _ they were yesterday.
6 A Which earrings do you like best?
. They look great.
B The gold
8 The house on the corner is theirs. (the)
Their house is _ _ __ _ _ __
9 Max isn't nearly as sociable as Tony. (much)
7 A Would you like still or sparkling mineral water?
please.
B Sparkling
Tony _ _ __ _ _ _ Max.
10 I've never been as frightened as that in my life. (is)
8 A Which trousers shall I get?
. They really suit
B The expensive
you.
That _ _ _ _ _ ___ I've ever been in my life.
f
Use the words to write true sentences about you.
much noisier than
d Complete the sentences with much or a bit + the
comparative form of an adjective from the list.
2 cleverer than
active §e-00 polite
thoughtful tidy
3 my o ld one
short
spacious
stressful
I'm feeling a bit better
than yest erday, but
I'm still not well enough to get out of bed.
4 the least suitable
2 I'm _ __ _____ than my brother. He's 1.82 m
and I'm 1.80 m.
5 a bit healthier than
3 My children are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ than my sister's.
6 more affectionate than
Hers never even say 'please' or 'thank you'.
4 His girlfriend is _ _ _ __ _ __ than he is. She
always seems to know what he needs.
7 the most successful
5 My new flat is _ __ _ _ __ than the old one.
It's 80 m 2, and the old one was 50 m2 .
8 the messiest
6 Cathy's _ __ _ _ _ _ than she used to be, but
she still plays tennis, does Pilates, and goes jogging.
7 My husband's _ __ _ _ _ _ _ than me, but he
doesn't put all his clothes away either.
8 Harry's new job is _ _ _ _ _ __ _ than his old
one. Now he never works at weekends.
(0 Go online for more practice ) ( C, Go online to check your progress )
23
Practical English A bad start
reporting lost luggage
1 REPORTING LOST LUGGAGE
3 SOCIAL ENGLISH
a
_b_
Complete the highlighted phrases in the
conversations with a word from the list.
2 Which flight were you o n?
--
awful
3 And you're a visitor to the UK?
--
4 How long are you staying for?
--
5 OK. How many bags are you missing?
-
Match sentences 1- 10 to responses a-j.
Can I help you?
day
great levety
1 A It's /Qv~{¥
-
8
miss
take
weird
wow
to see you.
to see you, too.
It's
6 Can you describe it for me?
- -8 Anything else?
-9 And what was in the bag?
-10 Can I have your contact number in the UK? - 7 And what size is it?
2 A I can't believe we're here, Sophie.
isn't it?
8 Neither can I. It's
-
3 A Look at this top I've j ust bought.
! It's amazing!
8 Oh
a Clothes, toiletries, all my personal belongings.
b Yeah, my bag hasn't arrived.
c Yes, it has a logo.
4
A I've lost my passport.
8 It's not your
-
is it?
d It's 07700 439826.
e Just one - a sports bag.
f
Flight EZY6035 from Madrid.
g It's quite large.
h Well, it's dark b lue... and it's made of canvas.
5 A I really
8 Me too.
-
you.
6 A They've cancelled my flight.
8 Oh no! That's
Five days.
7 A I'll put my bag in my room.
that for you.
8 Please, let me
Yes, that's right.
2 LANGUAGE FOCUS describing luggage
Complete the chart with the words from the list.
four wheels greyish blue hard p lastic
a label light green medium size rucksack,
small suitcase synthetic material
b Complete the conversations with the highlighted
phrases from a.
1 A I can't believe you're so far away.
8 Yes, it's w.e.ird isn't it? It seems strange
talking to you on the phone.
A
8 Me, too.
Type of luggage
sports bag
rucksack
Colour
dark red
Material
canvas
Size
large
Extras
a logo
2 A It's lovely to see you.
8
A I've brought you some flowers.
They're beautiful!
8
3 A I've been sitting in a traffic jam for two hours.
8 Oh no!
A And now I'm finally here, I've just real ized I've
left my wallet at home.
8
4 A I'll put my bag in the boot.
8 No, no, _ _ _ _ _ __ . It's too heavy for you.
0 Go online to practise the Practical English phrases
Can you remember...? 1
1 GRAMMAR
4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY
Complete the sentences.
Read the article.@a, b, or c.
His name's Enrique, but he's called Kike
f _ _ _ _ _ sh _ _ _ __
2 This isn't my jacket. That beige one i_ _ _ __
m _ __ _ _
3 This isn't my book. A friend lent it t _ _ __ _
m_ _ _ __
WHAT THE COLOUR OF YOUR
CLOTHES SAYS ABOUT YOU
4 I'm not looking for expensive trainers; I want to buy
some ch _ _ _ _ _ o_ _ _ __
5 It takes me a lot longer to get to work now because
I live m_ _ _ _ _ f _ _ _ _ _ away than I
used to.
6 My neighbours don't look after their garden. Theirs
is th _ _ _ _ _ I
attractive garden in
the street.
2 VOCABULARY
@
the word that is different.
1 maiden name
2 affection
married name
consider
3 affordable
glamour
rebellious
first name
surname
compassion
comfortable
luxurious
4 envious thoughtless loveable possessive
5 stressful
6 pale
careful
messy
hopeful
bright
useful
dark
3 PRONUNCIATION
@
the word with a different sound.
~
j
cat
attractive careful
glamorous married
egg
2 healthy messy
possessive reliable
~ horse
3 affordable called
colourful thoughtless
Some psychologists think that the colour of 1_ _ clothes
says a lot about us. They believe that red, purple, or grey
clothes give people 2_ _ impressions of what we are like.
Red clothes attract attention and suggest that the
wearer is 3_ _ . Red is one of the 4_ _ colours to
wear when you want to impress or persuade someone
to do something for 5__ . Black and blue are a bit 6__
impressive than red, but they also suggest power. Black
is more serious than the other two and suggests the
wearer is confident and ambitious. Ifyou are going to a
job interview, you should probably wear blue, as it shows
that you are 7_ _ and can be trusted. People who are
optimistic generally wear 8__ brighter colours like pink,
orange, or yellow. Purple indicates elegance, style, and
9__ talent - it's a colour often worn by artists. Grey is
the 10_ _ neutral of all the colours. Grey clothes suggest
that a person doesn't like attracting attention and would
rather be on their own.
J
1 a our
2 a difference
3 a careful
4 a best
"<>
W , train
~ phone
4 creative maiden
compassionate spacious
5 clothes hopeful
profitable sociable
5 a you
6 a least
7 a affordable
8 a bit
9 a assertive
10 a most
b ours
b different
b powerful
b better
C
C
most
b your
b less
b recognizable
b more
b creative
C
yours
C
t he least
C
reliable
C
much
C
sensitive
b more
C
least
their
C
differents
C
powerless
( C, Go online to check your progress )
25
· 2A Get ready! Get set! Go!
G present tenses
ii-€i3Hiei-■ •il#Miei·IMf
1 VOCABULARY packing
a
What type of holiday is a 'city break'?
If you could go on one this month, where
would you most like to go to?
b
Imagine you're going on the city break
in a. You can only take a small suitcase.
Talk to a partner. Which of the things
in the photo below would you definitely
pack?
2 PRONUNCIATION /s/, /z/, and /rz/
a
Look at the words below. What sound do the pink letters
have, ~ or ~ ?
slippers
c
G p.225 Vocabulary Bank Packing
d
Now imagine you're going on a beach
holiday. Make a list of the ten things you
would definitely pack. Then compare
your list with a partner. What d ifferences
are there?
scissors
b
Q)2 .4 Listen and check. Practise saying the w ords.
c
What sound do the pink letters have in these words?
Write f ive words in each column.
(!_'d definitely pack trainers, an umbrella, ...
batteries cards flip-flops passport pyjamas
razor sw imsuit sunscreen toothpa ste vi sa
d Q)2.5 Listen and check. Practise saying the words. In what
position is s never pronounced /z/?
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Vocabulary > bags
At 9.00. I'm
getting a taxi
What time
does your to the airport
at 6.00.
flight leave?
e @ the words where the final -es is pronounced /rz/.
beach es brushes
magazines shoes
f
cases clothes
sunglasses
headphones
Q)2.6 Listen and check. Practise saying the words. When is
-es pronounced /rz/?
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Pronunciation > Isl, /zJ, hzJ, and /fl
3 LISTENING
4 SPEAKING
a
Have you ever forgotten to pack something really important
when you went on holiday (e.g . a document)? What was it?
What did you do?
a
b
Read the introduction to an article. What do you think are
the top three things that British travellers most often forget
to pack?
Home I News I Sport I TV I Health I Science
How good are you at
preparing for a holiday?
e
Fif Wii Money
British people spend millions of pounds
replacing forgotten holiday items
41% of people forget to pack at least one
Ohno,
essential item when they go on holiday,
/ forgot my
according to a survey of British travellers.
charger.
In total, almost 15 million important holiday
items are left behind each year, and travellers
spend £118 million buying these things again once
they reach their destination.
e2.7 Listen to the top ten items in reverse order, and write
them down. Did you guess the top three correctly?
d
You're going to listen to a travel journalist giving advice
about how to pack. In pairs, try to predict what the missing
words are in tips 1-8.
Packing
• When do you start packing? Do you make a list
of what to pack?
• Do you usually pack too much or too little?
Have you ever had to pay for excess baggage?
• Have you ever packed anything fragile which
was broken when you arrived? How well had
you packed it?
Where do you normally put important travel
documents?
1 Don't pack _ _ _ _ _ _ __
2 Keep some space in your suitcase for _ _ __
3 Pack in the right _ _ __
4 Make sure your _ __ _ arrive looking good .
5 Keep your _ _ _ _ and
together.
6 Use _ _ _ _ bags.
7 Think about airport _ _ __
8 Buy a travel _ _ _ _
0 Leaving
• How early do you like to arrive at the airport or
station? Have you ever missed a flight, train, or
bus?
• Have you ever realized at the last moment that
one of your travel documents was out of date?
What did you do?
• How far in advance do you normally check in
for a flight?
e e2.8 Listen to the tips and check. Did you predict any of
t hem correctly?
f
e2.9 Now listen to all the journalist's advice and answer
the questions.
1 What should you do with one third of the clothes you were
planning to pack?
2 What kinds of th ings might you want to buy on holiday?
3 Where should you pack the clothes you're planning to wear on
the first day of your hol iday?
4 How should you pack a) T-shirts, b) shirts?
5 Where should you put your chargers and adaptors?
6 What should you pack inside your shoes?
7 What should you pack at the top of your hand luggage?
8 Why is it important to also print out documents that you have on
your phone?
9
Do you already do any of these things? Which tip do you
th ink is the most useful?
Planning
• How much research do you do before you
decide where to go, where to stay, and how to
travel? What websites do you use?
• How far in advance do you book flights and
accommodation? If you're travelling by plane,
do you check your luggage allowance?
• Do you usually ask people to look after your
house (or pet, plants, etc.) while you're away?
Do you try to leave the house clean and tidy
before you go?
• If you are travelling by car, do you always get
your car serviced before you leave? Do you
plan the route in advance?
By TRAVEL REPORTER
c
Read the questionnaire and think about
\ I
your answers.
b
Answer the questions with a partner.
Ask for more information and give
examples. Which of you is better
prepared for a holiday?
don 't do much research. I usually ask friends
~ o recommend somewhere to go. Then I book
cheap flight and a room on Airbnb.
6 READING
5 GRAMMAR present tenses
a
Carol ine's going on holiday to Ibiza.
@
the correct verb form to complete
her messages to her friends . Tick (✓) if
both forms are possible.
Just arrived at the airport. 1 I wear I
I'm wearing a sun hat and flip-flops
and 2 1look like/ I'm looking like a
typical tourist. Ibiza, here I come!
a
A re there any things that you do on holiday that you don't
usually do in normal life? Think about the things below.
activities daily rout ine food and drink
shop pi ng spend ing money
(1 don 't usually do much exercise, but when I'm on holiday, I go for a
lJ_ot of walks, and If I'm at the beach, I swim every day.
b
Oh no! I can't find my boarding pass!
My flight 3 boards I is boarding at
11.00 .. .30 minutes from now...
...v
Read the article once. Does it mention any of the things you
answered in a?
'
l
I
Great news. Just found my boarding
pass in the book 4 / read/ I'm reading.
5 1have/ I'm having a quick drink in
1
the bar.
...v
b
Compare with a partner. Explain why
you think each form is correct.
c
Q p.206 Grammar Bank 2A
d
8 Communication Caroline's holiday
plans A p.179 B p.183 Ask and answer
questions to complete a holiday
calendar.
e
Make questions with the present simple
or present conti nuous. Then ask and
answer with a partner.
Holidays
• I you / p refer summer holidays or winter
hol idays? Why?
• W hich p laces/ you / t hin k about going to
fo r your next holi d ay?
• W hy / you / want to go t here?
Weekend s
• What/ you / usually do at th e weeken d ?
• What / you / do t hi s weekend?
Today
• What time / th is class / finish? Where / you
I g o after class t oday?
• What / you /do / this eveni ng? W here /
you I have dinner?
We all have them. Strange little rituals that have
become an important part of any holiday, and if you
don't do them, it somehow doesn't feel quite right ...
Go on an airport shopping spree
This could be because you like a bargain. It could also be because you
@! to the airport and realize that you packed at the last minute and
1LJ. Whatever the reason, the hour before your flight is usually spent
buying more travel adaptors, sweets, another pair of headphones, and
unnecessary clothes.
Pay too much for hotel extras
You never eat macadamia nuts at home. But when you find them in a
little jar beside the minibar, you have to eat them. Whether it's a tiny but
ridiculously expensive tub of Pringles, or an overpriced and mediocre
cocktail at the bar, you don't seem to have a problem paying far too
much for little extras at your hotel. It may be because you're tired after
the journey, or just because you're on holiday, but suddenly 2D.
Steal things (sort of)
Of course you don't take bathrobes or towels, but after being charged
so much for those macadamia nuts, you try to get your revenge on
the hotel by taking little things - espresso capsules, shampoo, shower
gel. .. sometimes even a sewing kit, that 30 .
c
Read the article again. Complete it with phrases
Talk to strangers
A-H .
on holiday, suddenly everyone wants to make new friends.
HOW many times have you started talking to the people at
the next table at a restaurant in your town? Probably never.
sut walk into a beachside taverna, and U .
A I'll take three
B it's too much sun
C you don't seem to care about p rices
D we absolutely must go
E you aren't as prepared as you should b e
F you aren't normally adventurous at home
G you'll never ever use
H you're suddenly super-so ciable
change your eating habits
Your normal breakfast routine goes completely out the
window. Goodbye cornflakes, hello smoked salmon, eggs,
toast. and a big slice of cake from the hotel buffet. You're
also thrilled when you find strange and exciting foods at the
local supermarket and you want to try them all, even
though 50.
d
Look at the highlighted phrases. With a partner,
try to explain what they mean in your own words.
e
Talk to a partner. Do you ever do any of these
things on holiday? Give examples and reasons why
you do them .
7 SPEAKING
a
Look at the pairs of holiday options in the box.
On your own, decide which one you prefer in each
pair, and think of reasons why.
Would you rather...?
have one long holiday
several short holidays
have a holiday abroad
in your own country
travel north
go somewhere you've
been before
Sleep in the afternoon
Maybe it's because the shops have closed. Maybe 60.
Maybe it's all that breakfast. Whatever the reason
afternoon naps only become a fixture twice a yea~: at
Christmas and on holiday.
Buy pointless postcards, and other rubbish
There must be millions of postcards out there that people
buy and never send. They're a great reminder of your
holiday, but when you get home, you put them in a shoebox
under the bed and never look at them again. You also
have the urge to buy cheap souvenirs from street stalls.
'A fridge magnet of the Eiffel Tower? A solar-powered
Japanese sumo-wrestler figure?' 'Yes, sure, 7 0 .. .'
Visit obscure museums
Can you imagine your partner suggesting a Saturday
afternoon trip to the local ethnographical museum to see a
~onderful new ceramics exhibition? Definitely not. But on a
city break, suddenly the most obscure cultural attractions
develop a magnetic pull. 'Darling, the guidebook says it's
one of Hungary's six best museums, so 80 .. .'
south
somewhere new
go on holiday with
family
with friends
stay in one place
t ravel around
stay in a hotel
rent a house or flat
have an active holiday
a relaxing holiday
see interesting
monuments and
museums
interesting w ildlife
and scenery
go somewhere w here
there are good shops
somewhere where
there is good food
b • Now compare in small groups. Explain your
reasons. Do you all like the same kind of holiday?
P Expressing preferences
I'd rather have one long holiday.
I'd prefer to have several short holidays.
8 WRITING
"p.188 Writing Holiday messages Write a series
of messages to post to friends.
Adapted from the Daily Telegraph
(0 Go online to review the lesson )
l 2B Go to checkout 9.
Where did
you get
your scarf?
From a
website that a
friend of mine
recommended.
d·i·fii4i164i V shops and services hiilll·ID■
1 GRAMMAR possessives
a
Look at the photos. For each one, say:
When was the last time you bought one (or some)?
Did you buy them in a shop or online? Why?
2 PRONUNCIATION rand final -r ,
a
b
Are there any things in the photos that you would
never buy online? Why not?
c
Read sentences 1-6. Do they refer to shopping in a
physical shop or shopping online?
receipt room children
parent s wrong writ e
b
1 a It's her shop. b It's her,__,own shop.
2 a The bank's on the corner.
b The bank's o n the corner,_,of the road.
3 a He's my brother. b He's my brother0 in-law.
4 a Is that umbrella yours? b Is that yourv umbrella?
5 a It's our business. b It's our own business.
2 I'm going to get Carlos present from Amazon. I know
there's a book he wants.
3 When we've finished shopping, we're going to Martas
- she lives near the shopping centre.
4 A Is this your husbands new car?
'-'
B Yes. He got it on eBay- it was a fantastic bargain.
5 When my sisters sweater arrived, it was the wrong size,
so she had to send it back.
J) Final -r
Final -r is pronounced /r/ when the next word
begins with a vowel I consonant sound.
6 My two daughters friends all shop at the new boutique
on the corner - it's the 'in' place, apparently.
e
With a partner, look at the high light ed words
and phrases in c, and add an apostrophe (') in the
correct place.
0 p.207 Grammar Bank 2B
G2.18 Listen to the pairs of sentences.
Then@
the correct word to complete the
pronunciation rule.
1 Excuse me, could you tell me where to find childrens
books?
d
G2.17 Listen and repeat the words and sound.
c
Listen again and practise saying the sentences.
d G2.19 Listen and write five sentences. Then listen
again and mark where -r is pronounced /r/.
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Pronunciation > r in British and
American English
3 LISTENING
a
c
Look at a list of things people love and hate about
online shopping. Tick (✓) the things from each
section that you strongly agree with. Compare
with a partner.
G2.21 Now listen to the people talking . Which
'loves' and 'hates' from the list in a does each
speaker refer to? Write the speaker's number next
to the things they mention.
d
Listen again and answer the questions with the
speaker's number.
Online shopping is here to stay
Who ...?
likes knowing exactly when things he or she has
bought are going to arrive
once bought a large quantity of something by
mistake
has one particular item he or she often has to return
enjoys looking on shopping websites
thinks it's easier to deal with problems in rea l shops
Do you love it or hate it - or both?
THINGS WE LOVE
D You don't have to carry heavy bags any more.
D It's easy to send presents to people.
D You can do your shopping from work without anyone
noticing.
D You can buy things from shops t hat aren't near you.
D You can do your shopping in your pyjamas, when it's
D
D
D
cold and raining outside.
Things are often cheaper than if you buy t hem in a shop.
You don't have to push your way t hrough crowds of people.
Online shops are open 24/7.
e
Are there any other things you love or hate about
online shopping?
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Vocabulary> online shopping
THINGS WE HATE
D You do less exercise and interact less with other people.
D You can't get advice from a specialist shop assistant.
D You can't feel things or see exactly what they look like.
D Your shopping is always delivered when you're out.
D Supermarkets often substitute an item you ordered for
something you don't want.
D
Choose three of the topics and tell a partner
about them. Give as much information as you can.
•
D Things are often bigger or smaller than you wanted
D
4 SPEAKING
because you didn't read the detailed description.
Clothes or shoes often don't fit, or don't suit you
because you weren't able to try them on.
If something isn't right, it can be a problem sending it
back or getting it changed.
made a mistake
and bought the
wrong thing
online
bought a
present for
someone online
ordered
something that
didn't fit and
had to send it
back
bought
something
o nline much
more cheaply
than in a shop
found that something you bought
online was very different from what
you were expecting
ordered
something
on line that
never arrived
Talk about
a time when
you ...
had to wait
a long time
for something
to be delivered
b G2.20 You're going to listen to five people
talking about what they love or hate about online
shopping. First, listen and complete some extracts.
Are the phrases positive or negative?
1 It's just a huge _ _ __
2 It's so _ _ __
3 That's a real _ _ __
4 It was a real _ _ __
5 I _ _ __ the fact that ...
6 It's _ _ _ _ being able to ...
7 That's so _ _ __
p Showing interest
Ask questions about what people say to show
interest and keep the conversation going, or
react to what they're saying.
Really?
Then what happened?
What was it like? That's amazing!
What did you do? How annoying/
5 VOCABULARY & SPEAKING shops
and services
a
Look at the photos. Where do y~u think these
people work? What do they sell.
6 READING
a
Look at the title of the article and the photo.
What do you think the article will be about?
b Read the article once. Were you right?
c
Read the article again. Choose a, b, or c.
1 People queued outside Waterstones in Piccadilly
because they wanted to _ _ _ _
a take part in a Harry Potter book event
b meet the author of the Harry Potter books
c buy the fifth Harry Potter book
2 Waterstones was also celebrating t he fact
that _ _ __
b
G p.226 Vocabulary Bank Shops and services
c
Talk to a partner. What's the difference
between .. .?
a a wizard was visiting the store
b the chain was now making money
c the bookshop owned by James Daunt was
closing down
3 One of the things Daunt did to transform Waterstones
was to _ _ __
a choose the books himself
b make stores smaller
c give stores more independence
4 Daunt thinks a good bookseller should _ __ _
a have read every book in their store
b be able to recommend suitable books to customers
c be able to copy what Amazon is doing
5 Daunt feels confident about the f uture of bookshops
because he thinks that _ _ __
a they provide something which online booksellers
cannot
b bookshops are the most important part of the
community
c online shopping will not last forever
1 a stationer's and a newsagent's
2 a dry-cleaner's and a launderette
3 an estate agent's and a travel agent's
4 'the shop's closing ' and 'the shop's closing down'
d
Interview a partner with the questions below.
d
Look at the highlighted words and phrases from
the article and their meanings. Can you remember
the missing words? Find the phrases in the article
and check your answers.
1 What kinds of shops are there near where you live?
In many of the chain's 275 _ _ _ _ across the UK
Do you use them much? If not, where do you usually
do your shopping?
= shops belonging to the same chain in different
parts of the UK
2
2 What shops have opened up or closed down near
you? Are you pleased or sorry about it?
3
3 What chain stores are there near you (H&M, Zara,
etc.)? Do you shop there? How do you fee l about
them? Are they in competition with local shops?
customers
4
his first task was to _ _ _ _ costs
5
Waterstones _ _ _ _ more than 150,000 titles
= save money in order to increase profit
country? Do you think it's important to support them?
Why (not)?
kinds of things do they sell? Have you ever bought
anything from one?
had many _ __ _
= customers who always go to the same shop
4 Are there many small independent shops in your
S Do you have charity shops where you live? What
it was _ _ _ _ in profit
= making money again
= has (books) in the shop
e
James Daunt says that 'people will always want to
go to shops'. Do you agree? Why (not)?
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Listening
t 6.00 p.m. on Thursday, in Waterstones in Piccadilly,
London, staff were running around with bowls of jelly
beans and bottles of raspberry lemonade. Five minutes
later, people of all ages started to come through the doors, some
dressed up as characters from the books - a small girl even
produced an owl cage! 'I'm reading the fifth book again at the
moment', said 28-year-old Alex. 'This is the third event I've
been to. Last year they transformed the second floor into Diagon
Alley.' In many of the chain's 275 branches across the UK, similar
scenes were taking place. 'Our first wizards have arrived for
#harrypotterbooknight', tweeted staff at the Bradford store.
A
But Harry Potter night wasn't the only cause for celebration
for staff and customers. The previous day, Waterstones
had announced that it was back in profit for the first time
since 2011, under the leadership of its very own wizard,
Ja mes Daunt. Daunt was already a successful bookseller, who
had many loyal customers. He was brought in to rescue the
Waterstones chain when it was about to close down.
When Daunt took over Waterstones, his first task was to cut
costs. Then he had to make the stores more attractive and
improve the lighting. Coffee shops were opened inside the
stores, and events were held, such as the now-famous Harry
Potter nights, or talks by authors. But the biggest change was
7
0 VIDEO LISTENING
a
Are there any markets near you? Do
you ever go to them? Do you have a
favourite stall?
b
Watch the documentary about a
farmers' market. How is it different
from other markets? Do you have similar
markets in your country?
c
that Daunt gave each individual store the power to choose
what books to sell, and to choose the prices for different books.
This made a big difference. Sales went up because shops were
stocking more books that appealed to local customers.
Another of his changes was training really knowledgeable
staff. 'If a customer can tell me what was the last really good
book they read, I know exactly what to sell them next,' Daunt
says. Given that Waterstones stocks more than 150,000 titles,
this is not an easy thing to do - but it is something that is
helping Waterstones to differentiate itself from Amazon.
Daunt is optimistic about the future of bookshops. 'People love
buying books,' he said. 'It's a physical pleasure that customers
don't get when they shop online. If we keep creating shops
that do that, it doesn't matter what goes on online. High streets
and shops are part of the heart of the community. People will
always want to go to shops.'
Glossary
David and Goliath a situation
in which a weaker person fights
a much stronger one; from a story
in which a giant, Goliath, is killed
by a boy, David, with a small stone
jelly bean a kind of small
coloured sweet
Diagon Alley the name of a
street full of shops in the Harry
Potter stories
high street the main street of a
tow n where you can find sho ps,
banks, and other businesses
Read the sentences. With a partner, decide if the missing
information is a word or a number.
1 There are now more than _ _ __ farmers' markets in Britain.
2 Some are held every week, some every fortnight, and some
every _ _ __
3 At farmers' markets, customers buy directly from the _ _ _ _
4 Food in supermarkets often spends a long time in _ _ _ _ or
warehouses.
5 Winchester market takes place _ _ _ _ a month.
6 It has more than _ _ _ _ stalls.
7 A ll the food there comes from the _ _ _ _ area.
8 Lyburn Farmhouse Cheesemakers is a _ _ __ -run business.
9 They can have up to _ _ __ cheeses maturing at any one time.
10 Everything about Lyburn cheese is local - the employees, the
customers, and even t he _ _ _ _
d
Watch the documentary again and complete the information
in C.
e
What food or drink is produced in the area where you live?
Do you agree that it's important to buy local produce?
a
Go online to watch the video and review the lesson
GRAMMAR
VOCABULARY
@a,b,orc.
a
1 I emailed __ the photos.
a her b she c hers
2 What are
surnames?
a them b theirs c their
3 He made
a for me coffee b coffee for me
c coffee t o me
4 My sister __.
a lent t hem to us b them lent to we
c lent t o us them
5 The red shoes are nice, but I prefer
those
a blue one b blues ones
c blue ones
6 He's
man I've ever met.
a the bossiest b the most bossy
c the more bossy
7 She's _ _ in her new job t han she was
before.
a much more happy b more happier
c much happier
8 The fi lm was
than the book.
a a bit better b bit better
c a bit more better
9 __ a word he says.
a I'm not believing b I don't believe
c I'm not believe
10 You look worried - what
about?
a are you thinking
b you are thinking
c do you think
11 Where _ _ dinner tonight?
a do we have b are we having
c we have
12
our cousins next weekend.
a We're visiting b We're visit
c We visit
13 I love looking at other _ _ family
photos.
a people's b peoples' c people'
14 What's the _ _ where you were born?
a village's name b village name
c name of the village
15 We grow all _ _ .
a my own vegetables
b our own vegetables
c ours own vegetables
Complete the sentences w ith an adjective from the bold word.
1 My grandmother is extremely _ _ __ . glamour
2 I'm so sorry I was late - it was very _ __ _ of you to wait for me.
consider
3 Martin is very _ _ _ _ . I'd trust him to complete the job well. rely
4 She's very
. She won't do anything stupid. sense
5 He's always been
- he loves painting. create
6 Their car's not rea lly
for a family of four. suit
7 Our hotel room was
. luxury
8 Work is very
at the moment. stress
9 It's a bit
to carry so much money. risk
10 Her Russian is very
. impress
b
Complete the words.
1 T here are a lot of mosquitoes - where's the i_ _ __ r_ _ __ ?
2 T he plugs in the USA are different. We're going to need an
a,_ _ __
3 I brought my toothbrush, but I don't have any t,_ __ _
4 It always takes me ages to p_ _ _ _ my suitcase.
5 Angela can't go swimming. She hasn't brought her sw_ _ __
6 You don't need to take your dr_ _ _ _ I_ _ __ - we won't
want to hire a car in Paris.
7 A Did you bring any nail sc._ _ __ ? 8 Look in my wash bag.
8 I looked in the g_ _ __ and found this great seafood restaurant.
c
Where can you buy these things? Write the name of the shop.
1 meat _ _ _ _
2 a newspaper _ _ _ _
3 bread _ _ __
4 flowers _ __ _
5 aspirin _ _ __
6 a house _ __ _ _ _ _ _
7 fish _ _ __
8 potatoes _ _ __
PRONUNCIATION
a
Practise t he words and sounds.
Vowel sounds
Consonant sounds
i
~ ~ ~ l
f ish
tree
cat
horse
egg
~ 12
right
key
~
~
snake zebra
b
G p.238-9 Sound Bank Say more words for each sound.
c
What sound in a do the pink letters have in these words?
1 easy
2 h eadphones
3 scissors
4 chemist's
5 stall
d Underline the stressed syllable.
1 ijnijtials
2 alffor jdalble
3 lulxulrijous
4 unlderjwear
5 fishlmon jger's
b
r 4N YOU understand this text?
a
Read the article once. Which Underground
stations were named after things which were
made there?
Where did these Tube station
names come from?
If you travel on the London Underground, you will notice
that t he names of many of the stations are rather strange.
Here is 1
well-known station names.
The name with one of the oldest origins is Tooting Bee.
It goes back more than 1,300 years, to 2 . Many English
towns still contain words from Old English: the suffix
'-ham' (as in Birmingham) meant 'settlement', while
'-ton' (as in Brighton) referred to a farm. The ending '-ing'
meant 'belonging to someone', so Tooting means a place
belonging to the Saxon chief Tota. Bee comes from France.
When the Normans invaded England in I 066, they took
over a Lot of properties and gave them new names. The
abbey of Bec- Hellouin in Normandy was given the land
that once belonged to Tota.
I
"f,
At some point in its l ong history, Covent Garden Lost the
Letter 'n'. Now it is one of London's best-known tourist
attractions, but 3
which was owned by monks from
Westminster Abbey. They called it 'the garden of the
Abbey and Convent', or 'Convent Garden'. King Henry VIII
destroyed the monastery in the I500s and some large
houses were built there. It was also a fruit market from the
I650s to the I970s.
The Elephant & Castle station in south London probably
gets its name from a group of medieval craftsmen who
made knives and swords. Their symbol showed an elephant
carrying a castle. It is thought that the elephant referred to
the ivory that they used for t heir knife handles. The castle
was possibly included to 4 , because few Europeans at the
time would have known what this animal looked Like.
Like Oxford Circus, the 'circus' part of Piccadilly Circus
refers to a roundabout where different streets meet. The
other half of its name is centuries old. A 'piccadill' is a large
collar that 5
- often worn by Queen Elizabeth I, for
example. One London tailor, Robert Baker, made a fortune
selling piccadills and built a large house called Piccadilly
Hall in the area in 1611. When the roundabout was built in
1819, it was named Piccadilly Circus, and the same name was
given to the Underground station when it opened in 1906.
Glossary
sword a weapon with a long metal blade and a handle
ivory a hard material like bone that forms the tusks of elephants
Read the article again and complete it with
phrases A-F. There is one phrase you do not
need .
A when the Anglo-Saxons lived in Britain
B show the size of an elephant
C the fascinat ing history behind some
D the name means 'a river crossing'
E in the 13th century, it was an orchard and garden
F was very fashionable in the late 16th century
0 CAN YOU understand these people?
~2. 24 Watch or listen and cho ose a, b, or c.
Tilly
Tory
C laudia
M aria
Diarmuid
Tilly's name is short for __.
a Ottilie
b Otillie
c Otilie
2 Tory __ her p urple and white bedroom.
a rea lly likes
b has just changed
c isn't happy with
3 When Claudia t ravels, she usually _ _ .
a packs a lot
b prefers to take hand luggage
c packs well in advance
4 Maria __ when she's on holiday.
a is often tired
b goes for wa lks in the evening
c likes real ly quiet places
5 Diarmuid buys _ _ on line.
a everything
b everything except clothes
c everything except food
CAN YOt; say this in English?
Tick (✓) the box if you can do these things.
Can you ...?
1
talk about a brand name that you think works well
and say why
2
say which colour clothes you usually wear, and
which you would never wear and why
3
tal k about five things you always pack when you
travel, and why you need them
4
give two advantages and t wo disadvantages of
shopping on line
collar the part around the neck of a shirt, dress, etc.
Go online to watch the video, review Files 1 & 2, and check your progress
' 36
Get ready! Get set! Go!
G present tenses
Holidays are about experiences and people,
and tuning into what you feel like doing at
the moment. Enjoy not having a watch.
Evelyn Glennie, British musician
DHGHi,i·• •iWIMOB'®
1 VOCABULARY packing
ACROSS ➔
a ' @the word that is different. Explain why.
~ pyjamas
1 bathrobe
slippers
The others are all nightwear
2 toothpaste
insect repellent
adaptor
CJ
make-up
The others are all _ _ __ _ _ _ _
3 pack of cards
charger
travel iron
earphones
The others are all _ _ _ _ _ __ _
4 ID card
visa
driving licence
razor
The others are all _ _ __ _ __
5 flip-flops
swimsuit
raincoat
swimming trunks
The others are all _ _ _ __ _ __
b
Complete the crossword .
2
1F
3
4
R
5
s
T
6
7
9
A
8
D
DOWN+
10
K
11
T
12
13
0
•
•
c
Complete the text with the words and phrases
from the lists.
d
What would you need to pack for the following
situations? Write five items.
Nouns
1 a beach holiday in your own country
booking confirmation driving licence passport
scissors shampoo travel insurance documents
underwear visa washbag
2 a three-day business trip abroad
Verbs
fo ld
p ack ~
unpack wrap
VOCABULARY FROM READING
TIPS FOR PACKING
Complete the sentences with a phrase from
the list.
Next time you fly and you have to pack a small bag
to take onto the plane and a suitcase for the hold,
remember these tips.
develop a magnetic pull get your revenge on
goes completely out the ·.viooew have the urge
whatever t he reason
First the suitcase:
t/ Before you start, 1 roll up
your jeans, jumpers,
and T-shirts to make them smaller, and carefully
2_ __ _ __ __ your shirts and dresses.
My healthy eating routine always
goes completely out the window when I go on holiday.
2 I often ___ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ to book a
holiday in the sun when it's cold and wet outside.
3 One way to _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ an unfair
employer is to start your own business.
t,/ 3_ _ __ _ _ _ heavy items like shoes at the
bottom of the case.
t/ Put a layer of jeans, jumpers, and T-shirts on top of
the shoes.
4 - - - - -- - - - -- ~ tourist numbers to the
country have grown significantly in th e last t wo years.
t/ 4_ _ _ _ ____ fragile items in a towel and
put them in the middle of your case.
t/ Place shirts and dresses on top of the other clothes.
You can 5_ _ __ ____ them as soon as you
arrive and hang them in a cupboard.
t/ Fill the spaces in your case with small items of
clothing such as socks and 6_ _ _ _ _ _ __
5 When I need to study, social media posts from people
I don't even know _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ __
2 PRONUNCIATION /s/, /z/, and /1z/
a
t/ Finally, put your 7_ _ _ __ __ with all
your toiletries on the top. Remember that bottles of
8_ _ ______ and deodorant over 100 ml
must go in your case. Sharp objects like
9_ _ _ _____ must also go in here.
~
~
~
~
1
2
zebra
3
snake
4
zebra
5
snake
razors
phones
cards
belts
books
scissors
laptops
jackets
flif) flops
t/ Keep all your documents here. Make sure you have
your 10_ _ _ _ _ __ ~ in case the suitcase
you have checked in gets lost.
t/ Take your 11_ _ _ __ _ __ to show you have
the word with a different
~
snake
Now for your hand luggage:
paid for your accommodation.
t/ Have your 12_ _ _ __ _ _
Q)2.1 Listen and@
sound.
9socks
sights
clothes
visa
pyjamas toothpaste
shorts
passport
towels
sunscreen
b
Q)2.1 Listen again and repeat the words .
c
@
the word in each pair where the final -es is
pronounced /12/.
with you in case
you want to rent a car.
t/ Keep your ID card or 13_ __ _ _ ___ in
the outside pocket of the bag, if possible - you will
probably need to show it more than once.
II' Put your 14_ _ _ _ _ __ _ with your travel
documents because you will need it to enter the
country when you land.
1~
2 gloves
clothes
brushes
3 magazines sunglasses
d
4 cases
headphones
5 bathrobes
boxes
addresses
6 names
Q)2.2 Listen and check. Then listen again and
repeat the words.
37
3 GRAMMAR present tenses
c
Complete the sentences w ith the present simple
or present continuous form of a verb from the list.
a "@the correct form.
1 Be quiet! / try ~
not agree not believe belong depend have
not matter recognize see think not want
to read.
2 Ben uses/ is using sunscreen all year round, not just
in the summer.
Susie's going to be late tonight . She.~'s,_,s,,,,e""e.!.L
in;;,g~ -- a friend after work.
3 Paul's wife a/ways packs I packs always his suitcase
for him.
2
4 Pay attention! You don't listen I aren't listening to me.
5 Elizabeth doesn't usually wear I don't usually wear
make-up on the beach.
3 Josh isn't sure what to do this summer. He
_ _ _ _ ____ about doing voluntary work.
6 My boyfriend a/ways is I is always late.
4 Whose bag is this? _ _ _ _ _ __ _ to you?
7 Sam and Richard go/ are going hiking every
weekend.
5 I
dinner.
9 My brother speaks I is speaking good French because
he has lived in France.
7 That isn't right. I _ _ _ _____ w ith you at all.
8 Sorry, I _ _ __ _ _ _ in ghosts. I'm sure there's
10 You go I Do you go t o the same place on holiday
every year?
an explanation for what happened.
9 Don't worry about her comments. It _ _ __ __ _
what other people say.
Complete the conversation with the present
simple or present continuous form of the verbs in
brackets.
A What 1are y ou doing
(do) next weekend?
B I 2_ _ __ ____ (go) to a concert on Friday
10 We might go camping, but it _ _ __ _ ___ on
the weather.
d
evening.
Ed Sheeran 3_ _ __ __ __ (play) in Glasgow.
I'm a real fan of his. 4_ _ _ _ _ _ __ you
_ _ _ _ _ __
(like) Ed Sheeran?
5
A I _ _ _ __ __ _ (not mind) him, but I wouldn't
Where are you going?
2 who / go with
3 where / stay
4 how / get there
5 what/ want to do while you're there
6 what / need to pack
A What time is the concert?
B It 12_ _ __ __ _ (start) at 8.30. We
13_ __ __ _ __ (meet) some friends at 7.00
_ _ _ _ __ __ (look forward) to it!
Use the words to write quest ions to ask someone
about their next trip. Use t he present simple or
present continuous form of the verbs.
where I go
go all the way to Glasgow to see him. How
6_ _ _ __ ___ you _ __ _ _ __ _ (get)
there?
B I 7_ __ _ __ __ (fly) on Friday morning. My
flight 8
(leave) at 14.25.
A What time 9
the p lane
_ __ _ __ __ (arrive) in Glasgow?
B We 10_ __ _ _ __ {land) at 15.15. My sister
11
(pick me up) at the airport.
because we 14
(not want) to be
late.
A Well, I hope you have a great time.
B Thanks. I 15
really
7 why/ you / look forward to it
e
Answer t he questions in d about your next trip.
1
2 _ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ __ __ _ __
3 _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ __
4 _ _ _ __ __ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ __ __
5
6
7
38
(
0 Go online for more practice)
to buy anything. I'm just looking .
6 Can you call back later? We _ __ _ _ _ __
8 Who your girlfriend is I is your girlfriend t alking to?
b
_ _ __ _ __ _ that man. I've seen him before
somewhere.
If I won the lottery, I'd start a charity that
helped little family hardware shops and
fruit shops to open in city centres.
Alexei Sayle, British comedian
Go to checkout
d·i-h1Mwt4-i V shops and services iiiiei·IGIDIP ....______
GRAMMAR possessives
C
Rewrite the highlighted phrase using of to show
possession.
a
Re-order the words to make sentences.
Alice is one of my friends.
my I house/ we/ day/ the/ at/ spent/ sister's
Alice is a frjend of m;ne
We spent the day at my sister's house.
2 Eating too fast is one of his bad habits.
2 go I Kate's/ to/ wedding/ we/ d idn't
Eating too fast is a _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _
3 How's your brother?
3 boyfriend's/ with /doesn't/ her/ on / Beth /
How's that _ __ _ __ _ _ __ ?
get/ parents
4 That woman is one of Lucy's teachers.
That woman is a _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ?
4 house/ of/ the/ is/ door/ locked/ the / back
5 What's their idea?
What's this _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ ?
5 the/ class/ I /of / sit/ always/ the/ front/ at/
d
b @
the correct answer. Tick (✓) if both are
correct.
Complete the sentences. Use own with a
possessive adjective (my, your, her, etc.).
1 My parents make their own
bread.
2 I'd love to have a room of _ _ _ __
3 Does the house have _ _ _ _ _
swimming pool?
4 That's my pen. Why don't you use _ __ _ _ ?
5 We're taking _ _ _ __ tent when we go camping.
6 My sister has just left home and moved into a place
of _ _ __ _
7 My grandfather is 91 and he still has all _ _ __ _
teeth.
e
Answer the questions about you. Use 's, of, or own.
Whose house do you live in?
2 Whose bedroom is the biggest in your house or flat?
3 Whose was the last car you drove?
The boy's bikes ~
before they put them away.
need cleaning
2 That girl is James' new g;r/frjend I James's new
gir/frjend.
4 Where do you usually sit on a bus?
✓
5 Whose was the last house you went to, and when?
3 It's my mum's birthday I my mums' b;rthday today.
4 There are a lot of women's clothes I
womens' clothes in the charity shop.
6 Whose advice do you often take?
5 She doesn't mind looking after other people's I
other peoples' children.
6 There's a barbecue on Saturday at John's I
John's house.
7 I'm going to the hajrdresser's I the ha;rdresser
after lunch.
8 That's Poppy's and M;key's school I Poppy and
Mikey's school.
39
2 PRONUNCIATION rand final -r
7 A shop that sells alcoholic drinks.
a - @where -r is pronounced /r/.
9 A shop that sells fish.
8 A shop t hat sells fruit and vegetables.
1 car show(Boom
4 haird resser's
2 dry cleaner 's
5 garden centre
10 A shop where you can get your hair cut, washed,
and styled.
3 greengrocer's
6 charity shop
11 A shop that sells newspapers and magazines.
12 A company that helps people buy, sell, or rent
houses.
b e2 3 Listen and check. Then listen again and repeat
the words.
13 A shop t hat sells flowers.
c
e2.4 Listen and write the sentences. - @-r when
14 A shop where men can have their hair cut.
it is pronounced /r/.
15 A shop that sells cooked meats and cheeses.
1
We't)e out of sugar.
b
2
3
Join a word from A with a word from B to make
places on the high street. Then complete the
sentences.
4
A
5
car
chain charity craft
pound travel
DIY
dry
garden
~
d G2.4 Listen again and repeat the sentences.
B
3 VOCABULARY shops and services
a
agent 's centre cleaner's fair
showroom staJ.I store (x2)
shop (x2)
My cousin has a market stall
bags in Covent Garden.
sell ing leather
Read the clues. Complete the puzzle to find the
hidden kind of shop. What does it sell?
,c
H E M
I
s
T 'S
2L
3B
4J
55
T
6B
70
18G
-
I I
L
IR
2 Can you pick up my suit from the
_ __ _ __ _ , p lease?
9F
10H
I
11N
12E
some plants.
s
A
13F
14
G
L
I
4 Did you book your flights on line o r at
the _ _ _ __ _ _?
5 We bought a beautiful hand-made wooden bowl
at the _ _ __ _ __
8
150
A shop t hat sells medicine and toiletries.
2 A type of shop where you pay to wash and dry your
clothes in machines.
6 Zara is a _ _ _ _ __ _ that you find in many
shopping centres all over the worl d.
7 We went to the _ _ _ _ _ __
to have a look
at the new models.
3 A shop that sells bread.
8 O ur local _ _ _ _ _ _ _ has a very good
selection of gardening and carpentry tools.
4 A shop where jewellery and watches are sold and
repaired.
9 The new _ __ _ __ _
second-hand cloth es.
5 A shop that sells paper, pens. and pencils.
10 Most things only cost 99p or less in
the _ _ _ __ _ _
6 A shop that sells meat.
40
3 Tanya went to the _ __ _ _ _ _ to buy
has some lovely
c
Replace the bold words in the sentences with the
correct form of a phrasal verb from the list.
be out of close d own look for
look round sell out t ry on
Hannah was trying to find a bikin i, but in the end she
bought a swimsuit.
Hannah was looking for
end she bought a swimsuit.
d
Look at the photos. Where do you usually buy the
items? Why?
•
a b ikini, but in the
2 I've walked round to see what there is, but I haven't
seen anything I want to buy.
I've _ _ _ _ _ _ __ , but I haven't seen anything I
want to buy.
3 We'll have to go to the supermarket to get m ilk - the
local shop doesn't have any more to sell.
We'll have to go to the superma rket to get milk - the
local shop has _ __ _ _ __ _
4 Excuse me, where can I put on these jeans to see if
they fit?
Excuse me, where can I _ _ __ __ __ these
jeans?
I usually buv flowers online because it's quicker.
5 I didn't buy any b lack trousers because they didn't
have my size in stock.
I didn't buy any black trousers because they
2
- - - - - - ~ my size.
6 The restaurant stopped trading after the health
inspector's visit.
The restaurant _ __ _____ af ter the health
inspector's visit.
3
4 _____ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
5 _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _
6 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --
---
7
8
VOCABULARY FROM READING
Complete the sentences.
Our local supermarket st_
o_c_
ks_ __ _ a wide range
of organic products.
2 The fashion chain Zara has over a thousand
br_ _ _ _ _ across Europe.
3 Chain stores t ry to encourage I_ _ _ __
c_ _ _ __
by giving shoppers a store card.
4 My uncle's business is b _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __
pr_ _ _ __ after making a loss last ye ar.
5 The company is making employees redundant in an
attempt to c._ __ _ _ c_ _ __ _
(0 Go online for more practice) ( & Go online to check your progress )
41
Grow up!
G past simple, past continuous, or used to?
1 VOCABULARY stages of life
a
Match the phrases and photos.
He's I She's ...
a baby /'be,bi/
a toddler /'todla/
a child /tfaild/
a pre-teen /,pri: 'ti:n/
a teenager / 1ti:ne1d3a/
in his/ her early twenties (= 20-23)
in his/ her mid-thirties(= 34-36)
in his/ her late forties(= 47-49)
re!ired /n'ta,ad/
p middle-aged, old, elderly
The word middle-aged means different things to
different people, but usually refers to a person in
t heir forties or fifties.
old and elderly mean t he same thing, but elderly
is more polite. It is not considered polite to ca ll a
person old, especially to their face.
b
(t3.1 Listen and check.
c
Which stage of life do you associate with ...?
•
•
•
•
•
being forgetful
being cheeky /'tfi:ki/
being moody
being naughty /'n:,:ti/
crying a lot
• getting a mortgage
•
•
•
•
•
•
going clubbing
having tantrums /'trentr;_cimz/
listening to pop music
playing games
settling down
watching cartoons
• wearing jeans
I think being forgetful is typical of elderly people)
() think it can be any age. I'm forgetful, too!
d Think of people you know who are in three of the
different stages of life in a. Tell your partner about
them.
y sister Ana is in her mid-thirties. She's married and
~
as a six-month old baby. She used to work as a nurse,
ut now she's at home looking after her son.
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Vocabulary > more stages of life
What were
you like as a
teenager?
f@Fl·lii·IIDA P -ed endings, sentence rhythm
I used to have
long hair, and
I played in a
rock group.
2 READING
a
So you think you're a grown-up?
Think again.
Look at the cartoon and read the information box.
At what age do you think someone becomes 'a
grown-up'?
Are you 29 or older?
Then you're officially an
adult. Well done. In a
research study, 29 was the
age at which most people
thought they finally felt like
a proper grown-up. But
you're a legal adult when
you're 18, so that's about 11
years to live through what
psychologists call 'emerging
adulthood', that is, the
stage when you don't yet
have children, don't live in
your own house, and don't
earn enough money to be
financially independent.
Some people say that buying
your first house or having your first child represent real adulthood,
as these mean you are a responsible person. A few years ago, a
"'Q)
E
bank did a survey to find out the top things that proved you were
i-=
a grown-up. Number one was having a mortgage and number two 1
was no longer relying on your parents for money. Other things
~
included having a pension plan, doing a weekly food shop, and
g
getting married. A less obvious sign was owning a vacuum cleaner! ]
J) grow up
grow up means to become an adult. A grown-up
is used, often by children, as an informal word
for an adult. Grown-up can also be used as an
adjective.
b
Read the first paragraph of an article about being
grown-up. Answer the questions with a partner.
1 How long is the period of 'emerging adulthood'?
2 What are the characteristics of this stage of life?
3 According to the article, what do owning a vacuum
cleaner and having a mortgage have in common?
c
8 Communication A real grown-up? A p.179
B p.183 Read and tell your partner about Carol
or Hugo.
d What do you think are the three things that most
show that you are (or aren't) a grown-up? Have
you grown up yet?
~
LISTENING
a
What kinds of things do you think teenagers are
better at than adults?
b
3 2 Listen to Part 1 of a local radio news report
and answer the questions.
1 What is the Mosquito Tone and who can hear it?
2 Were both the presenters able to hear it?
3 Were you able to hear it? If yes, how did it make
you feel?
c
3 3 Listen to Part 2 of the news report. Where
is the Mosquito Tone being used? Why? Is
everybody in favour of it?
d
Listen to Part 2 again. What does the interviewee
say about these things?
1 how teenage gangs behave in shopping centres
2 what shop owners say about the Mosquito Tone
3 why some people think the Mosquito Tone is unfair
to teenagers
4 why the Mosquito Tone doesn't stop the problem
5 how some teenagers are taking advantage of the
Mosquito Tone
e
If you were a shop owner, would you use the
Mosquito Tone? Why (not)?
SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Listening
~
We asked two journalists...
--.:
4 SPEAKING
a
Read the questions and answer for you. Then
compare in groups. Did you do the things early or
late?
At what age did you .. .?
start nursery school
learn to swim or ride a bicycle
find out that Father Christmas wasn't real
get your first mobile phone
start going out in the evening with friends
_use public transport on your own
get paid for doing some work
b
Q
So when do you become a real grown-up?
Now discuss the following questions in groups.
What do you think is the best age for...?
first going on holiday without your parents
starting to learn a musical instrument
starting to use social media
starting to save money
moving out of your parents' home
having your first baby
retiring
5 GRAMMAR past simple, past continuous,
6 PRONUNCIATION -ed endings,
or used to?
a
What were you like as a child? Choose two adjectives from
the list, and add one of your own. Compare w ith a partner.
sentence rhythm
a
(t3 6 Listen to the three different
pronunciations of the -ed ending. Listen
again and repeat.
accident -p rone clever lazy lonely naug ht y nervous
noisy quiet serious shy sociable well-behaved
I used to be shy. I liked read ing.
b
Read the posts on an online forum . Who .. .?
1 knew how to do something grown-up at an early age
2 has a job that started as a childhood hobby
3 created problems for his or her mot her
4 remembers being very frightened by an animal
I've chang ed a lot. I enjoyed
p laying with my friends .
3
/Id/
I start ed university. I collect ed
insects.
What kind of child were you ...and have you changed?
David, 47 I loved being an only child. I was never lonely;
I enjoyed spending time on my own, doing what I wanted, when
I wanted. I 1 was liking I used to like reading, going for walks
and bike rides in the countryside, and birdwatching. I also
collected insects and I 2 used to keep I kept them in the garden to learn
how they grew and behaved. Now I am a professional biologist, so I still
enjoy those things! I'm still very happy spending time on my own, but
I enjoy the company of others much more now.
Magda, 22 I was quite sociable as a child and I really enjoyed
playing with my friends. But I used to be a bit shy about meeting
new people and also quite afraid of some things. Once when
I was little, I remember we went for a walk, and I 3 was holding I
held an ice cream and a big black dog ran over and bit the whole top off.
As a result, I didn't like dogs or going for walks for many years. 'Dog ate my
ice cream' has become a bit of a family joke. After I 4 started I was starting
university, I became much more confident. Now I still enjoy spending time
with friends, but I like spending time on my own, too. I also love dogs. So
maybe I've changed a lot!
b (t3 7 Listen to some more regular past
simple verbs. How is the -ed ending
p ronounced? Tick (✓) the correct box.
/ti
c
With a partner, <cirde)the correct for m of the highlighted
verbs, or tick (✓}ifboth forms are possible.
d
G) p.208 Grammar Bank 3A
e
Think about your answers in a. Have you changed much?
Then write a short post like the ones on the for um about
you. Use the correct verb forms.
/id/
1 I hated eat ing vegetables.
2 We looked al ike.
3 I tried everything.
4 We lived abroad.
5 I hoped t o pass.
6 We decid ed t o move.
c
Practise saying the sentences in b .
JJ Past or present?
When the -ed ending is pronounced /t/
or /d/, it can often be difficult to hear
whether a regular verb is in the past or
present tense. This is especially true
when the next word begins with a tor
d and the t wo words are linked, e.g.
I hoped.....,t o pass. Use the context to
help you.
Alex, 59 I am one of five brothers and sisters - I'm the second
youngest. I 5 was having I used to have tantrums as a two-yearold, but I was very independent. When I was three, my mum
6
went I used to go into hospital to have my younger brother, and
I was the only one in the house who knew how to turn the washing machine
on. Actually, I haven't changed much. I'm almost 60 now - I've been
strongly independent all my life and I even have the occasional tantrum.
Stephen, 23 I 7 used to be I was always very messy when
I was younger. I used to throw my clothes around everywhere,
and Mum never knew which was clean and which was dirty
washing. However, now that I'm older, I'm very tidy - mess really
stresses me out! Also, I 8 always hated I was always hating going to school,
but now I'm doing a postgraduate course at university. But in some ways, I
haven't changed at all. I was quite a thoughtful, sensitive person when
I was young, and I'm the same now.
/d/
d
~3 8 Listen and write six sentences.
Are the verbs in the present or past?
e
3 9 Listen and repeat the questions
and sentences below. Copy the ~thm.
What kinds of words are stressed or
unstressed?
1 A W here d id you liv e when you were
a child?
B We live d in a village in the country.
2 I used to lov e playing football when
I was at primary school.
3 This ha p pened when I was ten. I was
wit h my parents and we were shopp ing .
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Pronunciation > /d/, It/,
and /id/
-, SPEAKING
With a partner, do the tasks in each section . Try to use good sentence rhythm.
oO
I don't like
EVENTS IN vouR LIFE
Ask and answer past simple questions.
Where
you born? (be)
Where
you
2 How old
you when you
you
What
3 When
Where
when you
a child? (live, be)
primary school? (be, start)
your first day? (enjoy)
you
? (do)
the first time you
you
abroad? (be, travel)
? (go)
Where were you bornj ( ; was born in a small town called Morella.
WHEN YOU WERE YOUNGER
Talk about the things in the list. Use the correct form of used to.
How are you different now?
•
•
•
•
•
•
a toy you used to play with a lot
a game or sport you used to enjoy
what you used to look like and how you used to dress
school subjects you used to love/ hate
a singer/ group you used to listen to a lot
something you used to be afraid of
(J had a teddy bear when I was small and I used to take him everywhere
AN INCIDENT IN YOUR CHILDHOOD
Choose one of the topics below. Think about how old you were,
what you were doing at the time, and what happened. Then tell your
partner about the incident.
Think about a time when ...
• you hurt yourself quite badly.
• your parents caught you being very naughty.
• you got lost.
• you had a scary experience.
• you had a d isappointing birthday.
• you had a problem at school.
• you had a really big argument with your parents.
(This happened when I was about seven. I was playmg with my friends
l;nd we were climbing trees .. .
G
Go online to review t he lesson
Who's
this photo
of?
Photo albums
It's my sister,
standing in
front of our
house.
EIW·l·hHl·Jl?i ffllt§i•l·WM h&l·ii·MH4ii
1 VOCABULARY photography
2 PRONUNCIATION word stress
a
a
b
Look at the photo in the article. In which city do you think it
was taken?
Listen and check. Practise saying the
words.
Read the article quickly and check your answer to a. Why
are selfies becoming a problem?
1 pholto
2 phojtojgraph
3 pholtojgralpher
4 pho jtojgra jphy
The dangerous art of the selfie
5 pho jtojgra jphic
6 phojtojgelnic
7 phojtojshop
Jane Wakefield
A lot of people have died this year while 1 making I taking selfies.
In Moscow, a university graduate died after trying to take a selfie
while he was hanging from a bridge. In Australia, a very fragile and
unstable rock that looks like a wedding cake was closed to the public
because too many people were climbing it to take wedding photos
of themselves. And in Colorado, USA, officials had to close a park
after several people were caught getting a little too close to the
wildlife. 'We've seen people using selfie sticks to 2 do I take a photo
of themselves with the bears 3 in the foreground I in the background.
Sometimes they get as close as three metres,' said recreation
manager Brandon Ransom. So why are some people willing to risk
their life to take the ultimate selfie? Lee Thompson's selfie 4 on top
of I in front of the Christ the Redeemer statue in Rio de Janeiro went
viral. 'People see how pictures like mine spread across the world, and
they see a way to make themselves famous for 15 minutes,' he said.
eJ.12 Underline the stress in words 1-7. •
b
Now underline the stressed syllable in
the bold words.
There's a tree in the backlground.
2 In the forejground, there's a girl.
3 You can see a house in the disjtance.
4 There's a man bejhind her.
5 In the bojttom right-hand corjner, there's
a dog.
c
(1>3.13 Listen and check. Practise saying
the sentences.
d
C9 Communication Spot the differences
A p.179 B p.184 Describe the picture
and find the differences.
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Pronunciation > the IU
sound
3 LISTENING
c
Read the article again and@
word or phrase.
the correct highlighted
d
O p.227 Vocabulary Bank Photography
e
Have you ever taken a dangerous selfie? Do you have any
photos of yourself in front of a famous monument?
a
In pairs, think about the last photo that
you took. Where were you? What was
the photo of? Did you use a camera or
your phone?
b
Read about Darja Bilyk and look at some
photos from her website. Which one ...?
1
2
3
4
5
is a portrait
is a landscape
uses light in an interesting way
is taken from an unusual angle
is a still life
Which photo do you like best?
oarja Bilyk is 26 years old and was born and grew up in
Moscow. She believes that a good photographer shoul d be
able to take great photographs of everything - landscapes,
portraits, or family photos - even without expensive
photographic equipment. The things that she looks for are
atmosphere and mood. You can see her work by visiting her
website, or following her on lnstagram.
c
C,3.14 Listen to Darja giving some tips
about how to take good photos with your
phone. Number the tips 1-10 in the order
she gives them .
Don't think twice.
Don't stick to one style.
Don't use zoom.
Light is important.
Learn about your phone camera.
Be ready.
Make your pictures come alive.
Select and edit.
Use the grid.
Choose unique angles.
d
Listen again. Complete some details from
each tip.
1 Keep your phone in _ __ _ mode, so it's
ready when you unlock it.
2 You can always _ _ _ _ a picture if you
don't like it.
3 Knowthe _ _ _ _ and _ _ __
of your phone camera.
4 If you want to take a - -- ~ move nearer.
5 You can improve a boring photo if you use
_ _ _ _ well.
6 It's also important to be able to take photos
_ _ _ _ using the grid.
7 Try taking a photo from a _ _ __ view.
8 Learn to develop your unique _ _ __
9 Use _ _ _ _ to help you to edit your p hotos.
10 Print your photos, don't just look at your photos
ona _ _ _ _,
e
Are there any of Darja's tips that you might
use next time you take a photo?
4 SPEAKING & WRITING
a
Talk to a partner.
1 What do you normally take photos with? Does
it take good photos? Do you ever use special
features like panoramic photos or slo-mo
videos?
2 Do you prefer taking photos of scenery or
portraits of people? What else do you take
photos of?
3 Do you think you're good at taking photos?
Why (not)?
4 Do you usually edit your photos? How?
5 Do you post photos on social media sites?
Which ones? What kinds of photos? How do
you feel if other people post photos of you?
6 Do you like being photographed? Why (not)?
b
G p.189 Writing An article Write an article
with tips on how to do something.
5 GRAMMAR prepositions
6 LISTENING & SPEAKING
a
a
Read the description of a photo. With a partner,
complete the gaps with a preposition from the list.
at (x2)
in
of (x2)
over
next to
to
(1)3.19 You're going to listen to Chris, Tom, and Kate
talking about a holiday photo they really like. Look at
the photos. Then listen and match them to speakers
1-3. Were all the photos taken by the speakers?
1
a
b
I took this photograph when we were flying 1_ _ __
the Great Wall of China - I was going back 2_ _ _ _
the USA after a holiday in Beijing. I was sitting
3_ _ _ _ the window, so I had a great view. I'm not
usually very good 4_ __ _ taking photographs,
but I'm quite proud 5_ __ _ this one. It was a
long flight, and by the time we finally arrived home
6_ _ _ _ Washington, DC, I was exhausted. But
when I look 7_ __ _ this photograph, it reminds
me 8_ _ _ _ the fantastic trip I had to China.
b (1) 3.15 Listen and check.
c
(9 p.209 Grammar Bank 38
d Complete 1-10 with a preposition. Then choose
four topics and tell your partner about them.
1 a photo you took that you are very proud _ _ _ _
2 someone in your family who you rea lly like
talking _ _ __
3 something you're really looking forward _ _ _ _
at the moment
4 something your country is famous _ _ __
5 a person who you sometimes argue _ _ __
6 a beautiful sight that you once flew _ __ _
7 what you have _ _ __ the walls of your bedroom
8 someone you could rely _ _ _ _ in a crisis
9 something you usually ask _ _ _ _ when you
eat out
10 somewhere you had to walk _ _ _ _ a large
number of steps
( A photo that I'm very proud of is one I took
lJast summer.
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Vocabulary > in, at, on
b
Listen again. Take notes about each person's
answers to questions 1- 5.
1 Where was the photo taken? Who took it?
2 Who were you with?
3 What was happening, or had just happened?
4 Why do you like the photo?
5 Where do you keep the photo?
c
Think of an interesting photo you took on holiday.
Tell a partner about it. Include your answers to 1- 5.
d
Show your partner some photos on your phone
and tell him or her about them.
7 READING
a
Look at the list below. How do you
usually store the photos you've taken?
•
•
•
•
•
b
C
1
2
3
o n your phone, tablet, etc.
o n the internet, e.g. in iCloud or Dropbox
on a separate hard drive or CD-ROM
on an online photo site
on paper/ in an album / on the wall
Read the article about storing digital
p hotos and complete 1-5 with a heading
from the list. There is one heading you
do not need.
4
5
6
d
1
3
4
5
B Digital cameras vary
C Digital files can deteriorate
a only last for about five years
b only last for 10 to 20 years
c are damaged when they 're
copied
d can close down
e may not exist in the future
f can be damaged by storms
t o store photos /.08
to back up photos 1.13
to go offline 1.26
t o upload a photo /.29
to cancel yo ur account
a to disconnect from the internet
b to transfer to another
computer
c to no longer continue
d to make a copy
e t o keep or preserve
1.36
D Photo sites come and go
F Hard drives don't last forever
.jpg fil es
hard drives
CD-ROMs and flash
drives
CD-ROM d rives
iCloud or Dropbox
photo sites
Match the bold verbs or phrases from the article to their
meaning.
2
A Safe in the cloud?
E Technology becomes obsolete
Read the article again. Match the storage method to the
problem it has.
e
After reading the article, will you do anything differently to
protect your photos?
How safe are your
In t he past, your grandmother probably kept her photos in a box,
or in an old album, and sadly, over time, these memories faded
or disappeared. But with today's technology, that shouldn't be a
problem. A digital photo lasts forever, right? Actually, think again.
05 Alt hough it is still a good idea to keep all of your photos as digital
computer files, there are plenty of things that can damage or even
dest roy those high-tech memories.
Very few people realize this can happen, but if you store your
photos as .jpgs (the most common file format), the file will actually
10 deteriorate every time you copy and edit it. Experts disagree
about how much damage this can do, but the damage is real.
2
Your files may be safe on your hard drive, but how long until your hard
drive dies? The average lasts just five years. You could back up your
photos on a CD-ROM or flash drive, but they don't last forever either
15 - about 10-20 years at most, experts say.
3
Let's say all goes well and your CD-ROM or flash drive full of photos
lasts for 20 years. By then, will there still be any CD-ROM drives in
t he world that can read the disc? Will you be able to insert your flash
drive into a modern computer? Today's high-tech storage solution is
20 tomorrow's useless floppy disk.
4
People talk about saving their photos in a magical place on the
internet, like Apple's iCloud, or Drop box. But this just means they
are in a company's data centre on - guess what? - lots of hard
drives, which could die or corrupt just as easily as your own. During
25
a thunderstorm, a cloud storage centre in the USA was hit, and
major sites like Netflix, Pinterest, and lnstagram went offline for
almost a whole day. Thousands of files were lost.
5
Websites like Flickr and lnstagram let you quickly
upload photos and share them with others. But bear
30 in mind that a photo site which is popular now could
one day go out of business, taking your photos with
it. What's more, if you upload photos to these sites,
there is someone other than you who controls your
access. While it is generally not in their interest
35 to stop you accessing your files, they can and
sometimes do. They can even cancel your account.
So what should you do? Experts say you should
make lots of copies of your photos and save them
in many different ways - on your computer, on
40 a back-up drive, online, and even as traditional
printed photos. It may be too late to save
Grandma's photos, but you can still save yours.
Glossary
floppy disk a flexible disk covered in hard plastic,
wh ich used to be used for storing computer data
~
Go online to review the lesson
Practical English All kinds of proble
renting a car
\
1
0 HENRY'S CAR
2
0 RENTING A CAR
a
e3.20 Watch or listen to Jenny and Henry. Where
a
e3.21 Watch or listen to Jenny renting a car.
does Henry want to take her? Why can't he? How is
Jenny going to get there?
b
Watch or listen again and@
Answer the questions.
1 How long does Jenny rent a car for?
2 Which car does the assistant recommend?
3 Where does she want to leave the car?
the correct answer.
1 Jenny's suitcase still hasn't been found I has been found.
2 Henry thinks Jenny will like Luke I won't understand Luke.
3 Henry's car has a flat tyre I has two flat tyres.
4 He thinks the car was damaged by neighbours I vandals.
5 Jenny doesn't know I knows Luke's address.
6 Jenny had previously decided to travel by public
transport I rent a car.
7 She offers to make dinner for Henry I take Henry out
to dinner.
8 Jenny waits/ doesn't wait while Luke looks at her laptop.
What do you think is significant about the news on
the TV? Do you think Jenny noticed it?
b
Watch or listen again. Complete the You hear
phrases in the conversation on p.59.
c
e3.22 Watch or listen and repeat some of
the You say phrases. Copy the r.hy_thm and
intonation.
d
Practise the conversation in b with a partner.
e
11116 In pairs, role-play the conversation .
G lossary
a spare (tyre) /spe;i 'ra1;il an extra tyre in a car
the AA a breakdown service in the UK
A You're a visitor to the UK who wants to rent a car
for a week. Talk to the assistant and choose the
car you want. Use the Useful language box to
help you.
B You're the assistant at a car rental company. Help
A choose a car and get all of A's details. Use the
Useful language box to help you.
p British and American English
rent a car= American English
rent a car OR hire a car= British English
Who do you think vandalized Henry's car?
Who is the man who arrives at Henry's house as Jenny leaves?
f
Swap roles.
p Useful language: describing cars
Kinds of drive: automatic or manual
Car types: economy (small cars)
compact (small, but larger than economy)
family (medium size)
luxury (large cars, 4x4s, sports cars)
convertibles (open-top cars)
people carriers (for more than five people)
Extras: air conditioning, satnav
You hear You say
Hello. Can I help you?
Oh, hi. I'd like to
rent a car, please.
Have you 1
from us before?
No.
3
0 WHERE IS HENRY?
a
G3.23 Watch or listen to Jenny's
afternoon and evening. What has
happened to a) her laptop, b) her
suitcase? What does she hear on
the news?
2
Oh, nothing too
OK, could I
your driving licence, big. It's just for me.
p lease? Great. So what
3
of car are
you looking for?
b Watch or listen again and mark the
sentences T (true) or F (false). Correct
the F sentences.
Henry is in his study w hen Jenny comes back.
2 Jenny reminds Henry about the dinner.
3 She isn't surprised by Luke's news about her computer.
4 Luke thinks that Henry has probably gone to the university to work.
5 Henry is always late for everything.
6 Jenny is feeling tired because of jet lag.
7 When she wakes up, Henry is back.
8 She phones Rob to say goodnight.
OK, so a compact. Yeah, that'll be fine.
4
-door?
For how long?
Nine days.
Automatic or An automatic,
5
? please.
Any additional No, just me.
6
?
Who do you think was responsible for what happened on the
news? What do you think has happened to Henry?
Great. Well, we have That sounds
promising. Can I
severa l 7
lean show you, but I'd take a look?
reco mmend the Vauxhall
Co rsa. It's 8 £
per day and that
includes insurance.
c
Look at the Social English phrases. Can you remember any
of the missing words?
Social English
1 Henry I'm _ __ _ I can't take your call at the moment.
2 Henry Please leave your message after the _ _ __
3 Luke Hi, Jenny. What's _ _ _ _ ?
4 Jenny _ _ _ _ on ... my suitcase has arrived!
5 Jenny Well, at _ __ _ it's back.
6 Jenny I'm _ _ _ _ tired.
7 Jenny Thanks, Luke. See you _ _ __
Of course, but first Great.
'd like to run through
som e of the basics. The
9
tank is full
w hen you start, so if
yo u return it with a full
t ank, there's no extra
10
But if you get any
tickets or
spee ding fines, you have
to p ay for them yourself.
11
d G3.24 Watch or listen and complete the phrases. Then
Fair enough! Would
it be possible to
leave the car at the
airport?
watch or listen again and repeat.
No problem, but that's a OK.
one-way rental, so there's
an additional charge of
12£
e
Complete conversations A-F with Social English phrases
1-7. Then practise them with a partner.
A
Mark, do you think you could Sure.
come over? I've got a problem.
B
And one last thing Yes, I have.So
- have you driven in driving on the left's
13
before? not a problem.
C
D
T hat's good. OK, let's Great.
go out and take a look
at the car. We can go
through the paperwork
afterwards.
You sound a bit stressed.
Could we just
Would you like to go out to To be honest,
dinner? get a takeaway?
So shall I book tickets for the 7th?
- I'll just check in my diary.
Hi. You've reached Jack Hi Jack, it's Sarah. Can you give
me a ring as soon as possible?
Carling's phone.
In a couple of hours.
E
What time will you be back?
F
What an awful day! It hasn't Yes. But
we didn't have to go
stopped raining. anywhere.
CAN YOU ...?
describe a car
rent a car
~
record a voicemail greeting
and leave a message
Go online to watch the video, review the lesson, and check your progress
Some people are old when they're 18 and
some people are young w hen they're 90 ...
Grow up!
Yoko Ono, Japanese artist and songwriter
G past simple, past continuous, or used to?
f#ihi·\4i·IIDA P -ed endings, sentence rhythm
1 VOCABULARY stages of life
a
b
Look at the photos and complete the words.
Complete the sentences with the
singular or plural form of the words and
phrases in a.
Their baby
is only two weeks old, so
he spends most of his time sleeping.
2 One of the most important events for
a _ _ __ __ _ _ is starting
secondary school.
3 I'm not sure how old Anna is. I'd say she's
1 a b _g_ _b_ --X-
2 a t --d -
but I'm sure she isn't 50 yet.
--
4
can be frustrating: they're often
cheeky and they take little notice of their
parents.
5 Paul is
; he'd like to settle
down before he's 40.
6
3 a ch - - -
4 a pr _ -t - - -
are exhausting: they've just
learned to walk, and they have tantrums.
7 Laura has been at university for two or
three years now, so she must be
8 My grandparents are in their late sixties
and they're both
9 Their son is so naughty that they've
decided not to have any more
c
5 a t_ _ n_ g_ _
6 in here _ _ _ _
tw _ _ t _ _ _
Write sentences about eight people in
your family and the stages of life that
they're in.
My niece is a toddler.
2
3
4 _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ __
7 in his m _ _ -th _ _ t _ _ _
8 in her I _ _ _ f _r _ _ _ _
5
6 _ __ _ __ _ _ __ _ __ _ __
7
8
9 r_ _ _ r_ _
52
,. GRAMMAR past simple,
past continuous, or used to?
a @
the correct form.
b
Complete the sentences with the correct form of
the verbs in brackets. Use the past simple, past
continuous, or used to. More than one answer may
be possible.
1 f " ~ / wasn't going out much when I was a
teenager.
2 We lived I used to live in Germany for five years.
3 My brother used to have I was having a beard, but
now he's shaved it off.
4 We used to sit I were sitting in the garden when my
grandparents arrived.
5 Where did you stay I were you staying when you went
on holiday to Greece?
6 I didn't use to eat I wasn't eating many vegetables
when I was a child.
7 What did you use to do I were you doing when I saw
you in town yesterday?
8 I gave up trying to explain when I realized that you
didn't listen I weren't listening.
9 My girlfriend became/ used to become a vegetarian
when she was a student.
10 Did you use to play I Were you playing in the street
when you were young?
Ben didn't hear
.,,_,w"'as_,_,
""- li""st.,,e"-n"-'in~g- _ _
(not hear, listen)
the doorbell because he
to music with his headphones on.
2 I _ __ _ __ __ late this morning, so I
_ __ _ __ _ time for breakfast. (wake up, not have)
3 When the phone rang, I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to the
children and my husband
the
dinner. (read, cook)
4 Emily _ _ _ __ _ _ glasses until she
_ _ _ _____ working at the computer all day.
(not wear, start)
5 My parents _ __ _ _ _ _ a car until they
_ _ _ __ _ _ . (not have, get married)
6 Luckily, they _ _ _ _ ____ very fast when they
_ _ _ __ _ _ the lamp post. (not d rive, hit)
7
_ _ _ __ _ __ in Germany for a year when I
_ _ _ _ _ __ a student. (live, be)
8 We _ __ _ __ _ in the high street, but then
they _ _ ______ a new hypermarket near our
house. (go shopping, build)
9 My son _ _ _ __ _ _ his boarding pass while
we
at the airport for our flight .
(lose, wait)
53
c
Complete the text with the correct form of the
verbs in brackets. Use the past simple, past
continuous, or used to. More than one answer
may be possible.
3 PRONUNCIATION -ed endings,
sentence rhythm
a
Write the past simple forms of these regular verbs
in the chart according to the pronunciation of the
-ed ending.
ask change decide end hate hope live miss
play start study travel want wash watch
tie
~
/1d/
2
dog
3
asked
I only ever 1met
(meet) one of my grandparents,
and that was my dad's mother. We 2_ _ _ _ _ _ _ (see)
her every Sunday afternoon when I was little. One day, my
granny 3_ _ _ _ _ _ _ (look after) me while my parents
4_ _ _ _ _ _ _ (visit) a friend in hospital.
In the morning, I 5_ __ _ _ _ _ (play) in the garden,
while my granny 6_ _ _ _ _ _ _ (cook) lunch. She
7_ _ _ _ _ _ _ (call) me when the meal was ready.
Unfortunately, as I 8_ _ _ __ _ _ (run) into the kitchen
I 9_ _ _ __ _ _ (catch) my little finger in the door and
pulled off the nail. It 10_ _ _ _ _ _ _ (hurt) a lot, but I
was more upset because 111_ _ _ _ _ __ (not think)
the nail would grow again. However, my granny patiently
12_ _ _ _ _ __ (explain) that I would soon have a new
fingernail. After that, 113_ _ _ _ _ _ _ (look forward to)
seeing her every Sunday, so that I 14_ _ _ _ _ _ _ (can)
show her how my nail 15_ _ __ _ _ _ (progress).
b
G3.1 Listen and check. Then listen again and
repeat the past simple forms.
c
G3.2 Listen to six sentences. Write the verbs in
the correct column. Use the context to help you.
Present
Past
1
walked
2
3
4
5
6
d G3.3 Listen and complete the sentences.
d
Write true sentences about you at different stages
of your life.
1 Wbece
a cbild.
2 I
my
1 When I was a baby, I used to cry a lot.
3 - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - -
e
6 - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
54
(
0 Go online for more practice)
in the
near
. I was
on
G3.3 Listen again and repeat the sentences. .G.Qpy
the reythm.
5 - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - -- - -
when you were
3 I
to
when I was at
4 This
when I was
with my
and we were
the
2 - -- - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - -
4 - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - --
did you play
?
When I say I want to photograph someone, what
it really means is that I'd like to know them.
Annie Leibovitz, American photographer
•Photo albums
da&·l·HHi·Jl?i Mitt&Hi·WlW ►Mi·ii·dii4ii
1
VOCABULARY photography
a
Com plete the description of the photo.
This photo was taken in a garden. In the 1 foreground
there's a woman and the trunk of a tree that has been cut
down. The trunk is in the 2 6 _ _ __ _ right-hand corner
of the photo, and the woman is standing 3 b._ __ _ _ it.
She's leaning on the tree trunk with her left hand on
4
t._ _ _ __
of it. She's holding out her other hand. In the
5
c_ _ _ _ _
ofthe photo is an older man. He looks much
smaller than the woman because he's in the 6 d._ __ __
It looks as if he's standing on the woman's hand. There's a
bush in 7 fr_ __ __
of the man, and 8 0._ __ _ _ the
woman there's a wa ll with a lot of flowers planted in it. In
the 9 6 _ _ __ _, there are a lot of trees and in the top
left-hand 10 c_ _ __ _, there's a large white house.
b
Complete the sentences with a word from the list.
c
Look at some recent photos on your phone. Use
the words in b to describe six of them.
close-up edit flash landscape lenses out of focus
overexposed portrait setting settings zoomed in
There's a close-up of my sister.
1
My camera is automatic, so I don't have to change the
settings
2 The photo's too dark because I forgot to use
the _ __ __
3 I wanted to get a nice photo of my boyfriend, so I
2 - - -- - -- - - - - - - - - -- - - 3 ___ _ _ __ ___________ _ __
4 - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - -- - --
5
6
used the _ _ _ __
4 I sometimes _ _ _ _ _ my photos before I share
5
them on social media.
VOCABULARY FROM READING
_ _ __ _ because the people were far away.
- Complete the sentences with a word from the list.
6 A professional photographer uses different
_ _ _ __
for scenic shots and close-ups.
back up
7 You can't see the people clearly because the photo's
photo without using a wide-angle lens.
9 She was standing in direct sunlight, so the photo
is _ _ _ __
10 This photo is a _ _ _ _ _, so yo u can see all the
details.
go offline
store
upload
I'm going to back u,o
my holiday photos
because I don't wa nt to lose them.
very _ _ _ __
8 It can be difficult to get all of a _ __ _ _ in a
cancel
2 If you want to stop using social media, yo u have to
_ _ _ _ _ ___ your accounts.
3
_ _ __ __ __ all my photos in separate
albums on my laptop.
4 My husband has asked me not to _ _ _ __ _ __
any photos of him to social media.
5 I want to watch a live concert on TV tonig ht, so I hope
the streaming service doesn't _ _ _ _ _ __ _
55
2 PRONUNCIATION word stress
a
Underline the stressed syllable in the words.
Then put them in the correct column.
pl:i-ette pholtoigelnic pholtojgraph pholtolgralp her
phojtolgralphic
Stress on
first syllable
phojtolgra jphy
phojtojshop
Stress on
second syllable
b
Look at the pictures. Complete the sentences with
the past simple of a verb from the list and the
correct preposition.
•
Stress on
third syllable
photo
•
- ~-~
b
0)3.4 Listen and check. Then listen again and
repeat the words.
c
Underline the stressed syllable in the words from
the list. Then circle the word which is stressed on
the second syll a le.
d
•
cg
back jg round belhind bo jttom
corjner fore!ground disjtance
~
.,,....,,...,>.-
0)3.5 Listen and check. Then listen again and
repeat the words.
·<
/
3 GRAMMAR prepositions
a
Match the sentence halves.
It was extremely hot inside
_c_
2 There was a big garden in front of
3 We decided to have lunch outside in
4 We put some chairs on
5 We ate our lunch sitting under
a the house.
climb
eyae
run
sit down
stand
across
along down
past up
in front of
next to
fall
b the tree.
c our holiday cottage.
d the grass.
e the garden.
0.\/ef
1 We cycled over
the bridge.
2 She
3 The dog
the stairs.
4 Mark
Sophie.
5 They
the pavement.
6 He
56
the river.
a parked car.
7 The cat
the tree
8 A ta ll man
us.
swim
walk
c @
the correct preposition.
e
Complete the sentences with a preposition
where necessary.
Do you know anyone who ...
1 never smiles at
the camera?
2 has photos of their friends _ _ _ _ _ the walls of
their room?
3 is very proud _ _ _ _ _ a photo they've taken?
4 is worried _ _ _ _ _ sharing photos on social
media?
5 prefers taking photos
6 has climbed
being in them?
a wall to take a photo?
7 has spent a lot of money
8 enjoys posing
9 has married
10 keeps family photos
We're very fond about
f
/(ij)! to our cat.
a camera?
photos?
a photographer?
a purse or wallet?
Answer the questions in e about yourself and
the people you know.
2 I'm very close in I to I with my sister.
3 I'm not very good at I in I on taking selfies.
4 She's angry about I at I with the photo I posted on her
social media page.
5 Are you ready at I for I in a break?
6 He's disappointed of I in I with the camera on his
new phone.
7 They aren't keen in I of I on photo exhibitions.
8 I'm very pleased at I of I with my profi le photo.
d
Complete the second sentence so that it means the
same as the first sentence. Use the word in brackets.
Write 3-5 words.
Whose is this camera? (belong)
Who d oes this camera belong to?
2 I can't wait to go on holiday. {looking forward)
I'm _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ on holiday.
3 The police officer said that everyone should go
home. (told)
The police officer _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __
home.
Mv son never smiles at the camera - he hates having
4 Mia managed to get a place at drama school. (succeed)
his ohoto taken .
Mia _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ at drama school.
'
5 I think it's important to have a healthy diet. (believe)
I _ __ __ _ _ _ __ a healthy diet.
2
6 He said sorry because he had forgotten my name.
(a po log ized)
3
4 _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ _
He _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ my name.
7 Everybody stopped talking when we went into the
room. (entered)
When we _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __, everyone stopped
talking.
8 I didn't call my parents from the hotel because I got
t here too late. (arrived)
I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ too late to call my parents.
5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __
6 _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
7
8 _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ __ _ __
9 - - -- - - -- - - -- - - - - - - -
10
(0 Go online for more practice) ( 0 Go online to check your progress )
57
Practical English All kinds of problems
renting a car
3 SOCIAL ENGLISH
1 LANGUAGE FOCUS describing cars
Complete the sentences with a word from the list.
a
Complete the missing words in the phrases.
1 Hi Emily. What's u,___ _ _ _?
air conditioning automatic compact
convertible economy family ~
manual people carrier satnav
2 I'm a_ _ _ _ _ I can't take your call at the
moment.
3 Thanks Kieran. See you I, _ _ __ _
Audi and BMW are examples of ='u=x=u.,_,ry,___ _ cars.
5 H_ _ _ _ _ on. I'l l get my coat.
3 You don't need to change gear in an _ _ _ __
6 I'm pr_ _ _ _ _ tired.
4 Most cars today have _ _ __ _, so you don't need
to use a map to find your way.
7 Well, at I
5 An _ _ _ __
car is usually the cheapest of the range.
6 On a sunny day, it's lots of fun driving a _ _ _ __
7 It gets very hot in the summer, so make sure your car
has good _ _ _ _ _
8 If you don't mind changing gear, then get a
_ _ _ _ _ model.
9 You might need a _ __ _ _
10 A _ __ __
b
we got home safely.
Complete the conversations with the
highlighted phrases in a.
1 A This is Caroline Phillips. I'm afraid I can't take
your call at the moment. _ _ _ _ _ _ __
B Hi Caroline. It's Karen. Just to tell you
we're meeting at 8.30 tonight, not 8.00.
if you have a b ig family.
is great for driving in a city on your own .
2 A Hi Oscar.
B I've had a terrible day.
2 RENTING A CAR
Complete the missing words in the conversation.
A Hi. Can I help you?
B Hello. Yes, I'd like to rent a car.
A Have you 1 hired
from us before?
B No, this is the first time.
A Could I see your 2 dr_ _ __ _
B Yes, here it is.
- -- -~
please?
A What 3 k_ _ _ __ of car are you looking for?
B I'd like a five- 4 d
family car. For a week.
A Automatic or 5 m _ __ __ ?
B An automatic, please.
A Will there be any additional 6 dr_ _ _ __ ?
B No, just me.
A OK, so we have several 7 m _ __ _ _, but I'd
recommend the Kia Nero. It's £95 per day, and that
includes 8 in_ _ _ __
B That sounds good. Do I have to return it with a full
petrol tank?
A Yes. If not, there's an extra 9 ch _ _ _ __ . You also
have to pay any 10 p _ _ __ _ tickets or speeding
fines yourself.
BOK.
A Great! Let's go and look at the car.
58
4 Please leave your message after the t._ _ _ __
2 A _ __ _ _ car usually has five doors.
0 Go online t o practise the Practical English phrases
A Well,
you're here now.
Why don't you sit down, and I'll get you a
drink.
3 A Do you want to go home now?
B Yes, it's really late, and
A OK, I'll get the bill.
B
Let me give you some
money.
A No, don't worry. I'll get this.
Can you remember. • •?• 1-3
~
__,
m
1
'' r.O
GRAMMAR
4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY\ ·--i1,., .
• 1'II/A .
@
the correct words.
~
Read the article.@a, b, or c.
1 I didn't have time to queue for the concert tickets, so
a friend got one to me I for me.
2 I hate spending money on sunglasses, so I always buy
the more I the least expensive ones I can find.
3 I'm in my car. I wait I I'm waiting for my girlfriend
outside her house.
4 Your children are old enough to make their own I
theirs own lunch if you aren't at home.
5 Who did you use to I used to sit next to when you
were at primary school?
6 We live near the airport, so a lot of planes fly over I
fly up our house every day.
., VOCABULARY
@
the word that is different.
1 nail scissors
2 baker's
slippers
butcher's
fishmonger's
3 look round
try on
4 elderly
pre-teen
old
toothbrush
roll up
?
settings
lens
stationer's
look for
get a mortgage
overexposed
PRONUNCIATION
@
the word with a different sound.
i
~
fish
1 slippers
tree
2 healthy teenager
cleaners peaceful
(p
right
3 wrap background
overexposed jeweller's
11,
dog
fishmonger
l"RlQ 1In photography, one of the hardest shots2 to take is a
~ __ of a child. If you're taking photos __ a room,
retired
5 be cheeky be naughty
have tantrums
6 flash
comb
visa
initials
you'll need a lot of light. Position the child near a window, but
make sure the sun isn't shining 3__ the window into the room.
However, the 4__ place to photograph children is outside. Wait
until late afternoon or early evening when the sun is low in the sky.
The most difficu lt children to capture are 5_ _ - they're never still
as they've just learned to walk. The other problem is that children
are usually 6_ _ more interested in playing than in posing for a
photo. You have to be 7__ about getting their attention. You
can use a noisy toy to get them to look 8__ the camera, but
don't show it 9__ beforehand, or it won't be a surprise. Some
10__ ask a friend to help distract the child while they try to get a
picture. It isn't unusual to see an adult running round a room while
another is taking photos of a child watching them.
1 a flash
4 named
rolled
attracted
2 a inside
3 a across
relied
4 a best
5 a babies
6 a bit
lid/
5 edited
zoomed
folded
collected
7 a considerate
8 a after
9 a at them
10 a photographers
b landscape
b into
b past
b better
C
b
b
b
b
close-up
C
on
C
t hrough
C
good
teenagers
C
toddlers
much
C
very
creative
C
t houghtless
towards
C
for
C
to them
C
photographs
b for them
b photography
( ( I Go online to check your progress )
59
Are you going
to throw away
that pasta?
Don't throw it away!
G future forms: will/ shall and be going to V rubbish and recycling
1 VOCABULARY rubbish and recycling
2 PRONUNCIATION /ai/ and /eJ/
a
a
How often do you or your family throw away food? What
kinds of things? How do you feel about it?
Look at the sound pictures. What are
the words and sounds? Write the words
from the list in the correct column.
b Read the infographic. Then match the highlighted words
and phrases to the definitions below.
Over 1/3
of all food
produced globally
goes to waste.
••
•••••••
••••••••
•••••••••
There are
nearly one billion
hungry people in
the world. They
could be fed on
less than
a quarter
away date reapply recycle repl ay
require sell-by site supply tray waste
25%
of the world's
fresh water supply
is used to grow
food that is never
eaten.
b
Q)4.5 Listen and check. Practise saying
the words.
c
Complete the rules with the phonetic
symbols /at/ or /e1/.
of the food that is
••••••••••
wasted in the USA,
••••••••••
••••••••••••
••••••••••••• UK, and Europe.
••••••••••••••
•••••••••••••••
Surplus food in
supermarkets is
less
than 2%
of total food
waste (though
the supermarket In most developed
countries,
business is directly
responsible for
much food waste
of all food waste
in the supply
takes place in the
chain).
home.
over half
J) Jail and /e1/
ay is always pronounced __.
a + consonant + e is usually
pronounced _ _ .
i + consonant+ e is usually
pronounced __.
There will be
2.3 billion more
people on the
planet by 2050 this will require a
60-70%
increase in global
food production.
Or we can just
stop throwing
away our food!
1 _ _ _ _ food that is no longer needed and is thrown away
2 _ __ _ is thrown away
3 _ _ __ the amount of sth that is available to be used
4 _ _ __ the process from when sth is first made to when it is
bought or used
5 _ _ _ _ an amount that is extra or more t han you need
c
With a partner, discuss which facts a) didn't surprise you,
b) surprised you a lot, c) you think are really shocking.
d
G p.228 Vocabulary Bank Rubbish and recycling
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Vocabulary> more rubbish and recycli_ng
Consonant + final -yin a stressed
syllable is usually pronounced _ _ .
d Look at more words containing the
sounds /ar/ or /e1/ which have irregular
spellings. How do you pronounce them?
break buy climate eyes fl ight
guy height neighbour straight survey
weight wi-f i
e
Q)4.6 Listen and check. Practise saying
the words.
4 SPEAKING
3 LISTENING
Read Part 1 of an interview with
Tessa Cook, co-founder of OLIO,
an app to help reduce food waste.
With a partner, try to predict the
missing words.
a
··················••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
can you explain what OLIO is,
exactly?
So, OLIO is a free app which connects
1 n,_ _ __
with each other and
2
with local b_ _ _ _ so that
surplus food can be shared and not
t hrown away.
What kinds of food?
It could be food that's near its
3 s_ __ _ _ __ _
d_ __ _
in local shops, or home-grown
vegetables that you're not going
t o eat, or bread from your
4 b_ __ _ that hasn't been sold
at the end of the day, or the food
that's in your 5 f _ _ _ _ when
you're about to go away. Any food
that people have that they're not
going to use.
-
<
OLIO
Amelia
One large cabbage
Delicious cabbage t hat I'm not going
t o be able to eat, would love for it
Request Tti,s L1st1ng '!,
G4.8 Now listen to Part 2 and answer the questions.
d G4.9 Finally, listen to Part 3. Why does Tessa mention the
following?
£700 wo rth of food one in t hree p eople 12 people two weeks
half a b ag of onions 9th July 2015 41 countries within an hour
Do you think the app is a good idea? Would you use it?
Why (not)?
SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Listening
Discuss the questions in groups of three
or four.
*****
1 Why has Tessa always been worried about food waste?
2 What circumstances inspi red her to come up with the idea for
the app?
3 How did her friend Saasha react when Tessa told her about the
idea?
a
b
G>
b G4.7 Listen to Part 1 and check your answers to a.
e
Read the questions and think about your
answers.
-
And how does the app work?
It's super easy! If you have some food that you want
t o 6 sh,_ _ _ _, you simply open the app, add
a 7 ph _ _ _ _ and a description, and say when and
where the food can be collected from. And if you're looking
for some food, you just put in your postcode and send a
8
m_ _ _ _ to the person who's offering the food you
want, and then you arrange a time to go and collect it.
c
a
What three things could you and
your family do in order to throw away
less food?
Do you ever eat anything that's past
its sell-by date? Why (not)? Has
anything ever happened?
Do you ever buy special food offers
of the type 'Buy one, get one free'?
Do you usually finish both?
Do you ever take leftover food home
from a restaurant?
What do you think restaurants or
supermarkets in your town should do
with unused food? Do you know if
any of them ever do it?
How would your neighbours react
if you offered them leftover food?
Why?
What kinds of food do you think have
too much packaging? When do you
think packaging is really necessary?
5 GRAMMAR future forms: will I shall and
6 READING & SPEAKING
be going to
a
a
Complete the conversations with will I shall or be
going to and the correct form of the verb.
1 A Could you take the rubbish out? It's beginning to smell.
B I _ _ _ _ ___ it as soon as this programme
finishes. (do)
2 A
you
that pasta? You've
hardly eaten any. (finish)
B I can't, I'm just not hungry. But don't throw it away.
I
it for lunch tomorrow . (have)
3 A Don't put bottles in the black bin. You need to put
them in the recycling bin.
B Sorry, I forgot. I
it again. (not do)
4 A This lasagne's been in the fridge for three days.
I
it away? (throw)
B No, don't waste it. Put it in the freezer.
5 A I'm a bit worried about this yogurt. The sell -by date
was yesterday.
B Don't worry, it
fine. (be)
What kinds of things do you recycle? Do you
ever feel guilty about not recycling enough?
Why (not)?
b How much do you know about recycling?
Do the quiz on p.63 with a partner.
c
Now read the article about recycling and check
your answers to b. How many did you get
right?
d
Read the article again. Match each paragraph
to the summary of what it's about.
A
It's time to change our shopping habits.
B
One country has stopped importing and
recycling plastic waste because it isn't of a
good enough quality.
C
People are starting to understand that plastic
is a major problem.
People don't really know what can be
recycled.
D
b Q)4.10 Listen and check. Practise the conversations
E
Some containers have parts which cannot be
recycled.
F
The food industry doesn't provide the right
information clearly.
with a partner.
c
(9 p.210 Grammar Bank 4A
d
Talk to a partner. Practise making plans and
predictions. Choose topics from the lists.
e
a We don't recycle enough of our waste and need
to make more of an effort.
b We put out our waste to be recycled, but
sometimes we are making matters worse.
Talk about a plan you have ...
• to waste less food.
• to improve your diet.
• to spend less money.
• for learning a new skill.
• for this evening or weekend.
Make a prediction about ...
• the environment (e.g. pollution, climate change).
• a sporting event.
• a TV drama series you are watching.
• someone in your family (his/ her life, plans).
• something in the recent news.
c We need local authorities to do more to help us
to recycle correctly.
f
1 water b _ _ _
Predictions
I don't think... will I is going to ...
I think there'll be ...
I think so, too.
I hope so.
I don't think so, either. I hope not.
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Pronunciation > 'II after consonant sounds
~
5 baby f
6 pastas
g
Have you noticed any of the problems
mentioned in the article?
h
Talk to a partner. Do you think that the
following will happen in the future? Why (not)?
J) Responding to plans and predictions
What a good idea!
How nice!
Are you? So am I.
Complete the second word in these
compound nouns from the article.
2 recycling b
3 ready-meal tr
4 wrapping p
I'm going to plan my meals for th~
week and only buy what I need.
cwhat a good idea/
Plans
I'm going to...
What do you think is the main message of the
article? Choose a, b, or c.
• all food will be produced without plastic packaging
• supermarkets will stop selling all types of plastic
bags to their customers at the checkout
• food producers will improve the labelling on their
packaging
• people in your country will recycle 75% of their
waste
Why your recycling isn't working
Do you know what can be
cycled - and what can't?
Try our quiz.
' since its invention some 100 years ago, plastic has become an
integral part of our daily lives,' said naturalist David Attenborough
in the final episode of the highly praised BBC series Blue Planet II.
'But every year, some eight million tons of it ends up in the ocean ... and
there it can be lethal.' Slowly, it seems, we may at last be waking up to
the fact that something that makes our lives easier in the short term has
consequences that can last thousands of years.
Which part of this water bottle can be
recycled, the cap or the bottle?
Which of these two plastic trays can be
recycled, the white one or the black one?
2 One of our main convenience items is plastic water bottles. They are a
major contributor to waste in the UK, and we use ten million of them a
day. Although the bottles themselves can be recycled, the caps cannot.
The problem doesn't stop with plastic bottles. According to new research,
almost a fifth of the waste that people put into recycling bins cannot, in
fact, be recycled. The reason for this is that the packaging is often made
up of several components, many of which are not recyclable.
Which of these two kinds of wrapping
paper can be recycled, the glittery
one or the red and brown one?
Which of these
two containers
of pasta sauce
can be recycled,
the glass jar or
the plastic
pouch?
4 Unclear labelling is often to blame. Recycling information on packaging
varies dramatically. Sainsbury's supermarket, for example, labels on its
own-brand packaging exactly which parts can and cannot be recycled.
Some manufacturers, on the other hand, include no information. Even the
recycling symbol itself is confusing, because people don't know what the
numbers mean. A 1 or 2 means that a product can be widely recycled,
3 indicates PVC, which is not widely recycled, 4 is polyethylene, and
5 is polypropylene, both of which can only be recycled in some centres.
6 and 7 are not widely accepted for recycli ng.
5 Which of these
two toothpaste
containers can be
recycled, the plastic
pump-action bottle
or the tube?
What does the number '4'
in this symbol tell you?
Adapted from The Ti mes
3 People often believe that something is recyclable when it's not. Take, for
example, that black plastic ready-meal tray that you normally put with your
bottles and newspapers, or your glittery Christmas wrapping paper - these
cannot be recycled, though white trays and plain wrapping paper can be.
Plastic pouches, such as the ones used for baby food or pasta sauce, can't
be recycled, so it's better to buy them in glass jars, which can be. Toothpaste
tubes also can't be recycled, but the pump-action bottles can be.
s Last year, more than half of the plastic waste that the UK exported
for recycling was sent to China. China has now banned imports of
'foreign garbage', because it is receiving too much poor-quality plastic,
contaminated with non-recyclable items. It's a worrying prospect. There
are fears that it might not be possible to find alternative destinations for
all our recyclable waste. As a result, plastic may end up being burnt, or
put in landfill, or more will end up in the sea.
6 Perhaps we should stop assuming that everything that looks recyclable
actually is. Instead, we need to start buying products that come in
packaging that we are sure can be recycled, or better still, we should try
to avoid packaging altogether.
( 4) Go online to review the lesson )
Because if I get
Why do you
a degree, I'll
want to go to be able to earn
university?
more money.
Put it on your CV
G first and second condit ionals V study and work
1 VOCABULARY & PRONUNCIATION
2 SPEAKING
study and work; word stress
a
Discuss the statements in small groups. Do you agree?
Write four words from the list in each circle.
• You should choose a university subject you enjoy, not one
which you think may get you a good job.
• People shouldn't have to pay to go to university.
• You will have a better experience if you don't go to
university in your home town.
A levels campus classroom CV degree
experience graduate (noun) head teacher
professor pupil qualifications reference
• It's not very useful to study for an arts degree because you
will never get a well-paid job .
.sch~ ol
• Students shouldn't get part-time jobs while they arc at
university.
A levels
•
For most young people, an apprenticeship is a better
option than going to university.
J) Agreeing / Disagreeing and giving opinions
I completely agree I disagree
Maybe that's true.
university
with that.
I don't agree with that at all.
I think that's true because ...
applying
for a job
Personally, I think ...
I'd say that...
3 LISTENING
b
G p.229 Vocabulary Bank Study and work
c
Underline the stressed syllable in these
words.
a!ttend d ijsser!ta jtion PlhlD
postjgra jdu jate projfe jssor qua!lilfi!ca jtions
rejference re lsijdencc scho jlarlship
se!m ijnar tu!tojrijal unjderjgrajdulate
vajcan!cy
d 0)4.15 Listen and check. Practise saying the
words.
e
Work in pairs. What is the difference
between ... ?
an undergraduate and a postgraduate
2 a Master's degree and a PhD
3
4
5
6
a campus and a hall of residence
a professor and a tutor
a seminar and a webinar
a tutorial and a lecture
7 qualifications and skills
8 a CV and a covering letter/ email
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Vocabu lary and Pronunciation >
at work; the suffix -tion
a
Would you ever consider doing a job for no pay? Why (not)?
b
Read the article from a students' website about
internships. Why are some internships paid and some
not? Are internships a good or a bad thing, according
to the article?
c
0)4.16 Listen to the first part of a
radio programme, where Jake Butler
of savethestudent.org talks about
internships.@
the correct
answer.
The situation for interns is better I
worse than in the past.
2 It is sometimes legal I illegal not to pay
interns.
3 The law says that interns who have been promised jobs in
the future don't have to I have to be paid.
4 A company doesn't have to I must pay interns who arc
substituting for paid employees.
5 School-age students doing work experience have to I
don't have to be paid.
6 If an intern is not being paid, he or she should have fixed
working hours I choose his or her own hours.
G lossary
National Minimum Wage the
lowest wage that an employer is
allowed to pay by law
National Living Wage the lowest
wage that an employer is allowed
to pay by law if a worker is over 25
The ultimate guide to
internships
Thinking about applying for an
internship? Make sure you know the
facts before you get started.
d
G4.17 Listen to the second part of the programme, where
two women talk about their experiences of internships.
What was each of them paid, if anything?
e
Listen again and make notes for each woman about:
1 the kind of work they did.
2 the good side of internships.
3 the bad side.
f
Discuss the questions.
Do you think unpaid internships are fa ir? Why (not)?
2 Do the following things exist in your country?
• work experience while you are still at school
• apprenticeships
• internships
Have you ever done any of t hese things? Do you know anyone
who has had a good or bad experience of them?
3 If you had the chance to do an internship in any industry, which
industry would you choose?
An internship is generally somewhere in the
middle between work experience and an
apprenticeship.
4 GRAMMAR first and second conditionals
a
the conditional sentences. Who do you think is going to get
the job?
It can be more like work experience if it involves
shadowing other members of staff, having the
opportunity to ask a lot of questions, and learning
about the company and industry. This kind of
internship is often unpaid. Other internships can
be more similar to an apprenticeship, if you're
being trained within a particular department, are
contributing to the company by producing work,
and are getting paid (at least a little).
Either way, an internship can be a great
opportunity for a student or graduate, or someone
Who wants to change their career. Benefits
include having the chance to try out a job without
committing to it, making connections, and
having something to put on your CV. A couple of
Years ago, a report revealed that almost half of
employers said they wouldn't consider candidates
Who didn't have work experience, regardless of
their university qualifications.
G4.18 Listen to the ends of two job interviews. Complete
1 If we _ _ _ you the job, when _ _ _
2 If we
you the job, you
you _ _ _ to start?
a lot of training.
b
G) p.211 Grammar Bank 4B
c
G4.21 Listen and write five first conditional sentences
giving advice to people looking for work. Do you agree?
d Imagine you were in these situations. What would you do?
Use a second conditional sentence and say why.
You are offered a great job abroad.
2 Your partner is offered a job abroad, but you don't want to move.
3 You have to choose between a well-paid but boring job and a
very interesting but badly-paid job.
4 You are offered a good job while you are still studying.
5 You have to choose between working at night or at weekends.
(if I was offered a great job abroad, I'd probably take it because I'd
lJ;ave the opportunity to learn about a new culture.
5 READING
a
In your country, do students sometimes
have part-time jobs during the evening,
weekends, or holidays? What sort of
part-time jobs are common?
b
Read the article. For each person,
underline a sentence that shows whether
they learnt something from the job or
not. Who is the most positive about
their job?
c
Read the article again. Answer with A-E.
Which person .. .?
1
2
3
4
5
d
felt that the job was badly-paid
liked the parts of the job where he/
she could rest
started very early and finished very late
enjoyed spending time with the other
workers
was very unsuccessful in one of his/
her jobs
Find one word or phrase related to
money in each paragraph for these
definitions.
A _ _ _ _ an informal word for money
B _ _ _ _ money that children get from
their parents every week
C _ _ __ got money for doing a job
D _ _ __ a regular amount of money that
you earn, usually every week
E _ _ __ the place where you pay, e.g.
in a supermarket
e
Which of the part-time jobs mentioned
would you most / least like to do?
Dog walker, babysitter, shelf-stacker - most of us would
have one of these classic part-time jobs on our CV. But
did we really learn anything from the experience?
A Sir Ranulph Fiennes, explorer
When I was 16, I wanted to buy a canoe and needed £85. I washed
the buses at Midhurst bus station between 3.00 a.m. and 7.00 a.m.
during the week. Then I washed the dishes at the Angel Hotel from
6.00 p.m. to 10.00 p.m. I was paid £11 per week in all, and that's
how I got the cash. It's too long ago to know if I actually learned
anything from the experience.
B Russell Kane, comedian
I did two humiliating Saturday jobs. The first was selling vacuum
cleaners door to door. I didn't sell a single one. The other job was
working with my granddad for a frozen-food delivery service.
I doubt that a Saturday job really teaches you anything. Where
I come from, it's automatic - at age 11 you get a job. It wasn't,
'Hey man, I'm really learning the value of work.' It was, 'If I want
money, I must work for it.' My dad never gave me a penny of pocket
money after the age of 11.
C Tony Ross, illustrator and author
In the fifties, when I was a boy, I used to work at the post office
over Christmas. It was fantastic fun. I earned enough to buy an
old motor scooter. My favourite part was going in the lorry to
collect the mailbags from the station because you didn't
have to walk the streets all day. The other good thing was
doing a round with your own house in it, because then you
could stop for a cup of tea. I learned the basics of working for
money, like arriving on time and enjoying it no matter what. It
was a good introduction because very few people work for fun.
D Clive Stafford Smith, lawyer
I worked for a sand and gravel company when I was 16. It was cold,
damp, and so boring that I cried. I've learned various important
things from that job. First, I know I'm very lucky to have a job
now that I truly love. I also learned that it's crazy to pay bankers
millions while paying a low wage to people at gravel companies.
It's terrible work and no one should have to do it. Anyone who says
differently should be forced to work at that gravel company for
a year.
E Adele Parks, author
G lossary
•
shelf-stacker a person who puts things
on shelves in a supermarket
sell sth door to door visit houses to
ask people if they want to buy something
do a round do a job with a particular
route, e.g. a postman
When I was doing my A levels, I worked in our local supermarket
for two years, stacking shelves. I was 16 then, and in a job like that,
you make the decision whether this is what you want to do for the
rest of your life. I spent a lot of time chatting to the other guys and
girls who had permanent jobs. I am good at talking and telling
stories, and I think I learned it there because one of the things
about stacking shelves or being at the checkout is that you have lots
of opportunities to talk to people. That's what I liked best.
Adapted from The Times
SPEAKING
7
0 VIDEO LISTENING
In pairs, discuss the questions about work and studies.
Follow the arrows to ask the questions that are most
relevant to your partner.
What did you
Have you ever done
Why did you
➔ learn from the
a part-time or holiday ➔ choose it?
job?
job? What was it?
Did you enjoy it?
I
i :•
11111111 If you're working now...
If you're studying now ...
Ill
What qualification are you
studying for?
Why did you apply for your
current job?
Do you think you will continue
studying when you finish your
p resent course?
What qualifications did you
need?
~
W hat jobs do you think you
might get with your qualification?
~
Do you know anyone who has
a job you'd like to have? Which
job? Why?
a
'V
Why do you think you got
the job?
b Watch again and mark the sentences
~
T (true) or F (false). Correct the F
sentences.
Would you like to change
jobs? Why (not)?
~
~
W hat jobs would you definitely
not like to do? Why?
If you could go back in time
and choose a different career,
what would you choose?
Watch an interview with a student who
has a part-time job. What does Milly
want to do when she leaves college?
How did her part-time job change her
life?
Milly is studying at the Royal Academy
of Music.
2 Her mother was a good singer.
3 She was optimistic when she started her
Master's degree.
4 One of Milly's problems is the cost of living
in London.
5 Her part-time job involves playing with
professional musicians.
6 Milly only had 48 hours to prepare for the
concert.
7 The audience was not impressed that the
performer was a music student.
8 There was a lot of publicity about Milly
immediately after the concert.
9 The media attention wasn't as exciting as
the actual concert for Milly.
10 Milly still does t he part-time job.
c
What does Milly say and do that makes
you think she might be successful in her
career?
8 WRITING
Q p.190 Writing A Linkedln profile
Create your own profile for Linked In or a
similar site.
0 Go online to watch the video and review the lesson
I
GRAMMAR
VOCABULARY
@a,b,orc.
a
1 I couldn't answer my phone because
1 15 years old _ _ _ _
2 21 or 22 _ _ _ _
3 18 months old _ _ __
I
a drove b used to drive c was driving
2 We __ to a lot of different shops
yesterday.
a went b used to go c were going
3 She __ get up so late.
a didn't use b didn't use to
c didn't used to
4 When I was young, I _ _ playing football.
a love b was loving c used to love
5 Go __ the steps until you get to the
bottom.
a down b on c along
6 We're very pleased __ our holiday
photos.
a with b to c of
7 A Are we going out?
B It
the weather.
a depends b depends on c depends of
8 I'm really sorry. I promise __ late again.
a I'm not b I won't be
c I'm not going to be
9 A These bags are so heavy!
B _ _ you with them.
a I help b I'm going to help c I'll help
10 A We've booked a week in Venice in April.
B Where __ stay?
a do you b will you c are you going to
11 This job looks interesting. __ I apply?
a Shall b Do c Will
12 I _ _ to work abroad unless the pay was
very good.
a don't want b won't want
c wouldn't want
13 I might get the job if I __ more experience.
a will have b had c would have
14 If you __ to earn some money, you
shouldn't become an intern.
a will need b need c needed
15 You won't get into university _ _ harder.
a unless you don't study b if you study
c unless you study
Write a word or phrase connected with age.
4 over 65 _ _ __
5 58 _ _ __
6 44or45 _ _ __
b @the correct word or phrase.
1 My sister's a very good photographer I photograph.
2 It's very dark in here, so you'll need to use zoom/ flash.
3 This is me, in the centre I in front of the Taj Mahal.
4 There's my dog, in the bottom right-hand I right-hand bottom
corner.
5 Here's a photo of us on the beach - you can see our hotel in the
foreground I background.
c
Write words for the definitions.
1 a person whose job is to take the rubbish away _ _ _ _ __
2 the material often used to make boxes _ _ __
3 the top of a jar _ _ __
4 a large plastic bag for putting rubbish in _ _ _ _ _ _ __
5 a plastic or paper cover for a chocolate bar _ _ __
6 a large area of land where waste is put _ _ _ _ _ __ _
d
Complete the words.
1 Don't forget to include a c__ _ __ letter with your CV.
2 I'm living in a hall of r_ _ _ _ in my first year at university.
3 He won't get the job. He doesn't have enough q,___ _ __
4 You need to apply for a work p_ _ _ _ to work in the USA.
5 Most university students attend I_ _ __ every day.
6 I'm trying to get a job, but there are very few v_ _ __
7 We'd like to invite you to a__ _ _ _ an interview on 3rd March.
8 The Humanities f _ _ _ _ is the largest at this university.
PRONUNCIATION
a
Practise the words and sounds.
Vowel sounds
train
b ike
Consonant sounds
bird
t ie
d og
television
shower ch ess j azz
b
G p.238-9 Sound Bank Say more words for each sound.
c
What sound in a do the pink letters have in these words?
1 jar
2 lect ure
3 work permit
4 vacancy
5 apply
d Underline the stressed syllable.
1 reltired
2 olppolsite
3 pholtojgralpher
4 relcylcle
5 prolfe lssor
<I)
f_
CAN YOU understand this text?
a
b
Look at the title of an article about a 'zero waste'
store and the photo. What kind of store do you
think it is? Read the article once and check.
Read the article again. Mark the sentences T (true)
or F (false). Correct the F sentences.
1 Richard Eckersley gives away boxes of food .
2 All the new customers at Earth.Food.Love are people
who are active in fighting for the environment.
3 People phone Eckersley to ask for help with their shops.
4 There are no 'zero waste' shops in London.
5 The food industry is confident that recycling is better
than banning plastic packaging.
6 Nowadays, it's easier to find gluten-free food than
plastic-free food.
7 Plastic bottles are one of the biggest problems.
8 Eckersley became more interested in environmental
issues after he became a father.
0 CAN YOU understand these people?
C,4.22 Watch or listen and choose a, b, or c.
In the past few weeks, Richard Eckersley has noticed
a change in the type of people who come into his shop.
In 2017, the former Manchester United footballer set up
Earth.Food.Love in Totnes, Devon, with his wife, Nicola.
It's the UK's first 'zero waste' store - the food is in big
jars and boxes and people bring their own containers.
'A lot of new people are coming in - people who have
not necessarily been interested in environmental issues
before', he says.
Recently, the government called for supermarkets to
introduce plastic-free aisles. But Eckersley says many
consumers are already way ahead of politicians. 'We are
getting calls every week from people who want to do
something similar.' He and Nicola have helped people
set up stores in Wales, Birmingham, and Bristol. Ingrid
Caldironi had a similar idea. She set up a plastic-free shop
in London last year, which has been so popular that it is
soon moving to a bigger site.
Eckersley and Caldironi are members of an anti-plastics
movement in the UK that has been growing as a result
of the BBC's Blue Planet series and a general worry
about the damage plastic is doing to the environment.
But big supermarkets have so far not tried very hard to
reduce their plastic waste. Sian Sutherland, founder of
the campaign 'A Plastic Planet', says, 'The most exciting
thing is that politicians and industry are no longer saying
that recycling will solve the problem. Banning the use of
plastic packaging for food and drink products is the only
answer.' Walking down the aisles of the supermarket
where everything from pizza to fresh fruit and vegetables
is covered in plastic, Sutherland says urgent action is
needed. 'It is really quite overwhelming,' she says. 'I can
buy gluten-free, fat-free, African food, Asian food, but I
can't buy food without plastic.'
Plastic pollution is causing widespread global damage.
More than one million plastic bottles are bought around
the world every minute, and most end up in landfill or
the sea. The contamination is so extensive that tap water
around the world also contains plastic. Back in Devon,
Eckersley says, 'After my daughter was born, it made me
think about what future lies ahead for her. I wanted to say
that at least I tried to make a difference.'
Erica
Keith
Shreeya
Emma
Thomas
Erica
when she was a child.
a used to annoy people
b has stopped being as inquisitive as
c has completely changed from
2 Keith
a usually uses a normal camera
b takes more videos than photos nowadays
c only takes photos of his children
3 Shreeya tries to avoid using plastic by __ .
a always having a packed lunch
b shopping in small local shops
c using her own refillable water bottle
4 Emma is studying osteopathy because __.
a someone suggested it as a career
b a family member was an osteopath
c she recovered from injuries thanks to osteopathy
5 Thomas says that __.
a he rarely met interesting people
b customers often treat waiters quite badly
c he didn't enjoy his part-time jobs
CAN YOU say this in English?
Tick (✓) the box if you can do these things.
Can you ... ?
1
2
3
4
talk about what you were like as a child
describe one of your favourite photographs
talk about what you are going to do personally to
reduce waste
complete the sentence so that it's true for you
and say why. If I had to choose between going to
university or getting a job, I would.. .
t) Go online to watch the video, review Files 3 & 4, and check your progress
The thing about our garbage is that
most of us never have to think about it
again once we've thrown it in the trash.
Don't throw it away!
G future forms: will! shall and be going to
1 VOCABULARY rubbish and
recycling
a
c
Candida Brady, British director
V rubbish and recycling
•ltiiiM·iltf _________
Complete the words.
Match the words from the list to
definitions 1-5.
food waste go to waste
supply chain surplus
supply
not be used go to waste
2p _ _
3 t
4 C
5 J• _ _
6 t
7 p __ c _
8 C
10 p _ _ k _ _
11 wr _ _ p __
2 an amount that is extra or more than you
need _ __ _ _ __ _
3 a system that creates products and
delivers them to the customer _ _ _ __
4 things you could cat that are thrown away
5 an amount of something that is available to
be used _ _ _ _ _ __ _
b Complete the text with the words from
the list.
bins bin bags landfill site refuse collectors
rubbish waste waste-paper basket
What do
you recycle?
In my family, we do our best to recycle
as much of our 1 rubbish
as
possible. In the kitchen, we separate plastic,
cans, and glass from other household
2_ _ __ _ _ __ . The children each have
a 3_ _ __ _ _ __ in their bedroom for
used paper. When the 4_ _ ______ are
full, we take them outside and put them in
different coloured 5_ _ _ _____ on the
street. The bin with all the material that can't
be recycled is emptied every evening by the
6___ _ ____ . The contents are taken
to a 7_ _ _ _____ . The green recycling
bins with plastic, cans, paper, and glass, are
emptied about once a week.
t
9 b __ t _ _
12 pl _ _ t _ _
b
13
C
b
b _ a __ 14 p ___ s_ _ r___ 15 s _ _ _ - b
tr
d __ _
d
2 ice cream
in a Ip o uch
ina _ _ _ _ _ __
3 jam
in a
4 mineral water
5 crisps
in a
6 sardines
in a
7 soft drinks
in a
8 yogurt
in a
1 pasta sauce
e
VOCABULARY FROM READING
How are the following products usually sold?
Write a word from c. More than one answer may
be possible.
Match 1-6 to a-f to make compound nouns.
in a
Rewrite the bold phrases using a verb from the list.
reapply
recycle
fef\€-at
replay
rethink
reuse
Experts say that you should warm up food again only
once. reheat
2 I have my own coffee cup that I can use again when I
get a takeaway coffee. _ _ __ _
1 baby
3 This lipstick lasts for 24 hours, so you don't need to
put it on again during the day. _ _ __ _
4 Is it possible to put polystyrene trays through a
process so that they can be used again?
5 The football match was abandoned because of bad
weather, so they'll play it again on Wednesday.
a bin
__c_
2 pasta
b tray
3 ready-meal
C
4 recycling
d sauce
food
5 water
e paper
6 wrapping
f
bottle
2 PRONUNCIATION /ai/ and /erJ
6 Dan is going to have to consider his future again
because he failed his final exams. _ _ _ __
f
a @the word with a different sound.
Match the bold phrasal verbs in questions 1-4
to definitions a-d.
~ bike
1 decide
recycle
site
@
1 Who usually takes out the rubbish in your house? __c_
"o~
•
~tram
2 away
container sell-by
4 Do you give away your old clothes? Who to? _ _
~ bike
3 diet
date
a to let somebody have something without wanting
money in return
~ train
4 danger
2 Have you ever thrown away something by mistake? _
3 How often do the refuse collectors take away the
rubbish in your area? __
reapply
paper
waste
require
replay
supply
b to remove something and take it to another p lace
c to put something outside that was previously inside
d to get rid of rubbish or something that you don't want
9
A nswer the questions inf about you.
b
Q)4.1 Listen and check. Then listen again and
repeat the words.
c
Say the pairs of words. Do the bold letters
have the same or different pronunciation?
Write S (same) or D (different).
1
2 - - - - - - -- -- - -- - -- - - - - 3 _ __ __ _ __ _ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ _ _
4 _ _ _ __ _ _ __ __ __ __ __ _
d
1 break
great
_S_
4 height
2 eyes
survey
__Q_
5 straight flight
3 guy
wi-fi
6 buy
weight
lifestyle
Q)4.2 Listen and check. Then listen and repeat the
words.
71
3 GRAMMAR future forms: will I shall
b
and be going to
a "@the correct future form. Tick(✓) if both
forms are possible.
Complete the conversation with the correct forms of
will I shall or be going to. More than one answer may
be possible.
REMARKS
A Hi, Clare. Thanks for coming round to help.
B No problem. 1Are we going to pack (we pack) everything
up today?
A No, I'm moving next Saturday, so I have a whole week to
sort things out.
B Right. So, what 2_ _ _ _ _ _ _ (we do) today?
A I thought we could start with the garage. Wait there and
3_ _ __ _ _ _ (I move) the car.
B Do you have any boxes?
A Yes, they're in the kitchen.
B OK, 4_ _ __ _ _ _ (I go) and get them for you.
***
B Right. Let's start. 5_ __ __ ___ (you take) that
ladder w ith you?
A No, I'm moving to a flat, so 6_ _ __ _ _ _
(I not have) room for it. 7_ _ __ _ __ (I give) it to
one of my neighbours. 8_ _ __ __ __
(he come round) on Tuesday or Wednesday to pick it up.
B What about those old chairs? 9_ _ _ _ _ __
(you not have) room for those, either.
A Good point. What 10_ _ _ __ _ _ (I do) with them?
B Why don't you take them to the charity shop?
Come on. 11_ _ _ _ __ _ (I help) you put them in
the car.
A Be careful. They're heavy.
B Don't worry. 12_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (I not drop) them!
I'm so disa ointed. We're going to I
We were going to ly to Madrid tonight,
but our ight has been cancelled.
2 We're having I We're going to have a barbecue
next weekend. Do you want to come?
✓
3 It's too late to call them now. They'll be I
They're going to be in bed.
4 Shall / help I Will I help you move the sofa?
5 Why don't you give away your riding boots?
You're never going to wear I You'll never wear
them again.
6 Trust me. / won't tell I I'm not telling anyone.
7 I'm going to I I was going to get up early,
but I forgot to set my alarm.
8 My sister is getting married I is going to get
married in the spring.
c
Answer the questions about you. Use the correct
future forms.
What are you going to do when you get home?
9 I'll be in London next weekend . I'll stay I
I'm going to stay with my sister. We have all
sorts of things planned.
2 What do you think the weather will be like tomorrow?
10 Let's go for a walk now. I think it's raining I
it's going to rain later.
3 What are you doing this weekend?
4 What are your plans for next summer?
72
(
0 Go online for more practice)
I'm going to college. I don't care if it ruins my
career. I'd rather be smart than a movie star.
Natalie Portman, American/Israeli actress
Put it on your CV
G first and second conditionals
1 VOCABULARY study and work
a
V study and work
14ift·ii·MH4+i
b Complete the crossword.
Complete the text with the words from
the list.
A
L
academic and research staff first degree
f urther degree Master's degree PhD
overseas students tutorials
L
s
R
0
F
E
s
R
Courses for over 40,000 students
from 160 different countries
The University of Manchester is one of
E
R
s
s
R
the UK's largest universities. Around 6,000
D
1
academic and research staffwork there.
It currently has over 40,000 students,
N
both undergraduates studying for their
_ _ _ _ _ _ __ and graduates studying
for a 3_ _ __ _ __ _ . These postgraduate
qualifications might be a 4_ _ _ __ __ __,
normally a one-year course at the end of
which a student has to write a dissertation,
or a 5_ _ _ _ _ __ __, a longer course
during which students have to write a doctoral
thesis. The university has nearly 11,000
6_ _ _ __ ___ from 160 different
countries. Students are taught through lectures,
seminars, and 7_ _ __ _ _ __
br
E
R
y
E
C
E
DOWN .J.,
1 A place where university students live.
2 A long piece of writing you do as part of a Master's degree.
3 The area of land where the main buildings of a university are.
5 A class in which a small group of students discuss a subject
with a teacher.
6 A university teacher of the highest rank.
7 A university student who is studying for a further degree.
9 A teacher who is responsible for a small group of students at
university.
ACROSS ➔
4 A seminar or other presentation given via the internet.
8 A talk that is given to a group of students to teach them about
a particular subject.
10 A long piece of writing you do as part of a PhD.
11 A university student w ho is studying for their first degree.
12 One department in a university, e.g. for Arts or Law.
c @the correct words.
VOCABULARY FROM READING
1 You need to apply for a CV / ~ i f you get a
job in another country.
Complete the sentences with a word from the list.
2 You can apply for a grant I an intern to study at
university if you can't afford to pay for the course.
ea5-R
checkout
earned
pocket money
wages
3 You get a job offer I job vacancy if a company wants
you to work for them.
4 You need to write a covering letter I reference to send
with your CV.
5 You can apply for experience I a scholarship to study
at university if your exam marks are very high.
6 If you're a student, you can get practical experience
of a job by doing a six-week apprenticeship I
internship.
7 You need to have academ ic qualifications I skills such
as a PhD to become a researcher.
8 A company will invite you to assist/ attend an
interview if they think you might be suitable for a job.
d
Complete the text with words from c.
How much ,._ca,.,.,s,,.h,___ __ __ do you have on you?
2 I didn't use to get much
was a ch ild - only £1 a week.
when I
3 I once _ __ _ _ _ _ £200 in one day
translating for a German company.
4 I can just about pay the rent out of
my _ _ __ __ _
5 I didn't real ize I'd lost my wallet until I went to pay for
my shopping at the _ __ _ _ __
2 PRONUNCIATION word stress
a
When Maria finished university, she started looking
out for 1iob vacancies
. With her degree in
Business Administration, she found that she had the
right 2_ __ _ _ _ _ for some of the jobs, but
she had no 3_ _ __ _ _ _ because she had
never worked before. One day, she saw an advert for a
three-month 4_ __ __ _ _ at a local company,
so she decided to apply for it because she thought
she might learn some useful 5_ __ __ _ _
She carefully typed out her 6_ _ _ __ _ _
including a record of her education and the jobs she
had done, and asked her university tutor if he would
give her a 7_ _ _ _ __ _ . After that, she wrote
a 8_ _ _ _ __ _ and emailed everything to the
company. A week later, she received an email inviting
her to 9_ _ _ _ __ _ an interview. The day after,
she was offered the position, but she decided not to
accept it. She hadn't realized that if you work as an
10_ __ _ _ __ you don't get paid anything!.
Underline the stressed syllable in the words from
the list. Then write them in the correct column.
ajttend delgree dijsserjta jtion PjhjD
postjgra jdu jate projfe jssor rejfe jrence
re jsijdence schojlarjship sejm ijnar
tultojri jal un jderjgra jdu jate va jcanjcy
Stress on
first syllable
Stress on
third syllable
attend
b
G4.3 Listen and check. Then listen and repeat the
words.
74
Stress on
second syllable
1 GRAMMAR fi rst and second conditionals
a
c
Write first and second conditional sentences.
Match the sentence halves.
1 If I lost my job,
_e_
2 If I stay in tonight,
3 If you can't attend a tutorial,
4 You won't get a good job
5 I won't go to the seminar
6 I'd be delighted
7 If I were you,
8 I wouldn't get a part-t ime job
My sister has a boyfriend, so she doesn't spend
enough time studying.
a if I don't feel better tomorrow.
My sister would spend more t ime studying if
b you should let your tutor know.
she didn't have a boyfriend
c I'd get a room in a hall of residence.
2 I don't earn enough money, so I can't buy my own
d unless I needed the money.
flat.
e I'd go abroad for a couple of years.
f
I could buy my own flat if _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __
if they offered me a place on the course.
3 Becky can only go to an American university if she
g I can study for my exam.
gets a scholarship.
Becky _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __
h unless you get the right experience.
b
an American university unless she gets a
Correct any mistakes in the highlighted phrases.
Tick (✓) the correct sentences.
If I don't answer the phone, leave me a message.
scholarship.
4 Matt doesn't live in a hall of residence because it's
✓
too expensive.
If it wasn't so expensive, _ __ _ __ __ __
X
2 If he'll be late again, he might lose his job.
If he's late
5 If I can't find a job, it's possible I'll do a Master's
degree.
I _ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ _ if I can't find a j ob.
3 If they paid us more, we didn't complain.
6 I think you should wear a suit to the interview.
4 You'd miss the traffic if you left a bit earlier.
If _ __ _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ __ __
I'd wear a suit to the interview.
5 We'll never finish everything if we won't work late.
7 You miss your lectures because you get up late.
If you got up earlier, _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _
6 If Sally lived in the city centre, she could walk to
8 Students w ho don't attend lectures get into
her office.
trouble.
If students don't attend lectures, _ _ __ _ __
7 Max won't accept th e job unless they don't agree to
d
his conditions.
Complete the sentences about you.
1 If I can't do my homework, _ _ __ _ __ __
8 He does a postgraduate course if he can't find a job.
2 I'll go out tonight if _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ __
9 I wouldn't live at home if I'm a student.
3 I won't watch TV later unless _ _ __ __ __
10 If you didn't have a part-time job, you'd have more
time to study.
4 If I hated my job, _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _
5 I'd be happier if _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _
6 I wouldn't move abroad unless _ __ _ _ _ _ _
( ( ' Go online for more practice) (
C, Go online to check your progress )
75
Screen time
G present perfect simple
GS.1 Listen to extracts from six TV
programmes. Match each extract to a
type of programme.
a
chat show
d
sitcom
b
documentary
e
live sport
C
crime drama
f
tHe news
b
G p.230 Vocabulary Bank Television
c
What kinds of programmes do you
usually watch? What do you never watch?
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Vocabulary> more
te levision
2 PRONUNCIATION /w/, /vi, and lb/
a
GS.4 Look at the sound pictures.
What are the words and sounds?
Listen and repeat.
V
we
switch
weather
b
'
TV
volume
over
~ be
broadcast
problem
GS.5 Listen to the pairs of words. Can
you hear the difference? Practise saying
the words.
c
1 a boat
b vote
2 a B
b V
3 a very
b berry
4 a bin
5 a wool
b win
6 a why
7 a vet
b buy
b wet
8 a wine
b vine
b bull
GS.6 Listen and @
MasterChef
been on TV?
It's been on for
a long time, at
least ten years.
tMi4Ghi·Hl l=MWlll·rJN
1 VOCABULARY television
a
How long has
the word you hear.
d Practise saying the sentences.
We want to buy a bigger T V.
I never watch li ve sport.
Can we turn o ver to channel fi ve?
The film won't be o ver before ele ven.
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Pronunciation > the /w/ sound
3 LISTENING & SPEAKING
a
Look at the two photos of people watching TV. In pairs,
A describe photo 1, and B describe photo 2. Then discuss
how they show the way in which watching TV has changed.
b
Read a questionnaire about 21st century TV habits. Complete the definitions with the highlighted words
and phrases.
r
Watching TV the 21st century way
'
c
(verb, slang) watch a TV programme or series on one
device while using another at the same time, e.g. to tweet about
the programme or check information
1
How do you watch TV programmes, on a television or
on another device?
2
Do you 'two-screen' while watching TV? What kinds of
things do you do?
3
Do you normally watch live TV or catch-up?
4
Have you ever binge watched a TV series? How many
episodes did you watch in one go?
5
Do you use a streaming service like Netflix? What do
you like about it?
device (noun) a piece of equipment that has been designed to
( do a particular job
~I
6
How often do you watch YouTube, or online channels
like Apple? What kinds of things do you watch?
(noun) a person who takes part in a game, quiz, or
11
( competition
7
Do you ever interact with TV shows by voting for
contestants?
(noun) a service that allows you to watch television
( programmes after the time when they were originally broadcast
(
(noun) a television station
l
(verb, idiom) watch several episodes of a TV series
one after the other
I
(noun) a method of sending or receiving data over a
computer network
l
)
-
-
GS.7 Listen to different people answering
4 GRAMMAR present perfect simple
questions 1-7 in b. Match them to the programme
or kind of programme they mention.
a
Look at some extracts from the listening in 3. What
are the missing words?
When something _ _ __ happened on the news,
I might watch it live.
2 Yesterday, I was watching MasterChef and I _ _ __
some small cake tins.
3 I haven't done it _ _ __ a long time.
4 For example, a few months _ _ _ _ , I watched all
t he episodes of Brideshead Revisited.
5 I've _ __ _ watched someone preparing a fish dish.
6 I have _ _ __ several times for contestants, when
they've done a really good dance.
7 Once, I _ _ _ _ addicted to a TV show.
b
G 5.8 Listen and check. For each sentence, say
why either the present perfect or past simple is
used.
c
(D p.212 Grammar Bank SA
d
Change the bold words to make the statements
true for you. Then compare with a partner.
• I've watched about 20 hours of TV since t his time last
week.
• Today, I've used three devices to watch or listen to
programmes.
• I've downloaded Blue Planet, but I haven't watched
it yet.
• I haven't watched the news for a long t ime.
• I've never enjoyed watching live sport.
d
listen again. How do the people answer the
questions in b?
e
A nswer the questionnaire in b with a partner.
(},'ve watched about ten hours of TV, I think. And you?
c
5 READING
a
Do you ever watch films or TV series in another language
with subtitles? Why (not)?
b
Look at the images from eight TV drama series which have
been successful all over the world . With a partner, try to
match them to the countries they are from.
G Communication TV dramas A p.180
B p.184 Check your answers to band
tell each other about the series.
d Have you seen any of the series in b?
Argentina
Italy
Brazil
Spain
Denmark
If yes, w hich did you most enjoy?
e
France (x2)
Sweden / Denmark
Read the first paragraph of the article
on p.79. Choose the best title from the
three below.
Turn it off! It isn't in
English ...
Why is the UK in love
with foreign TV series?
(THE KILLING)
What's the problem
with British TV?
(I KNOW WHO YOU ARE)
f
Now read the whole article. Choose
a, b, or c.
(THE RETURNED)
(Sprnat)
(BLOOD ON ROME)
(THE
BRIDGE)
(MERCILESS)
Foreign-language dramas nowadays are
considered
a an unusual taste
b normal because everyone watches th em
c only suitable for educated people
2 The Killing was the fi rst foreign series
which
a became really popular
b the BBC showed
c Denmark exported
3 One reason for the popularity of foreignlanguage dramas is that _ _ .
a it's much easier to watch t hem than it
used to b e
b everybody is talking about them
c UK and American series aren't as good
as they used to be
4 Programmes with subtitles make the
viewers
a do other things while they watch
b want to tweet about them
c pay more attention to what they are
watching
5 Walter luzzolino is in favour of foreignlanguage TV because __.
a it encourages people to learn foreign
languages
b it allows people to experience life in
other countries
c it encourages people to visit the
countries the series are set in
6 SPEAKING
a
r
a TV series you've just finished watching
few years ago, if you'd mentioned to a British
friend or colleague that you were addicted to a
Danish drama series, people would have thought
you were a bit strange. But in the UK today, subtitled
foreign-language dramas aren't just in fashion, they're
completely mainstream.
A
It all began when the BBC bought the French crime drama Spiral,
though it was Denmark's The Killing that was the tipping point.
'I remember hearing people talking about it on the bus,' admits Sue
Deeks, Head of Programming at the BBC. 'It was clearly growing and
growing in popularity, but the extent of it took everyone by surprise.'
The Killing was followed by The Bridge, in which a crime is committed
on the bridge between Denmark and Sweden, which regularly topped
a million viewers. The British were hooked.
One of the reasons for the success of foreign TV is that it is more
accessible than it used to be, thanks to catch-up and online services.
And if you haven't watched the latest foreign series that everybody is
talking about, you can binge watch the episodes that you've missed,
and tweet about how much you love The Returned.
T here may be something else in foreign
'When you read
TV's new popularity, too. In a world
subtitles, you
in which we're frequently distracted
from our TV viewing by Twitter and
have to be glued
WhatsApp, subtitles force us to focus.
to the screen'
'When you read subtitles, you have
to be glued to the screen,' says Deeks. 'That concentration gives a
particular intensity to the viewing experience. You just can't multitask
when you're watching a foreign-language drama.'
And while foreign-language dramas are often remade for the
Anglo-American market - for example, The Bridge became The
c Tunnel - the originals still dominate, because they transport us to a
'g different culture. As Walter luzzolino, who has set up a new streaming
~ service dedicated to foreign-language TV, says, 'You develop a
QI
] love for the distant world, because while you're watching, you're in
the country. If you see something amazing set in Argentina, then
~
E Argentina itself, the houses, the people, what they wear, what their
.g voices sound like, the
ll
Glossary
~ language, is one of the
Q.
tipping point the point at which an idea suddenly
~ biggest appeals. There is
spreads quickly among a large number of peop le,
"{
a huge pleasure in that.' as a result of a number of small changes over a
(IJ
period of time before that
9
Write the names of TV series or films in
as many boxes as you can.
•
•
•
•
•
•
What kind of series was it?
Where was it set?
What was it about?
Who were the main characters?
Did you enjoy it?
Do you know if it's going to continue?
a film you've seen more than three times
• How many t imes have you seen it?
• Why do you like it so much?
• Do you think you'll ever wat ch it again?
a TV series that lots of people you know
haveseen,butyouhaven~
• Why haven't you seen it?
• Do you think you're going to? Why (not)?
• What do your friends think of it?
the TV series you've watched the most
seasons of
• How many seasons
have you watched?
• Are there going to be
any more or has it
finished?
• Which season d id you think
was the best?
• Did you get tired of it towards
the end?
b Work in small groups. Talk about the
boxes where you have written the name
of a TV series or film, answering the
questions.
J) Expressing enthusiasm
I think it's absolutely brilliant!
I'm completely hooked!
It's the best thing ever.
I adore the main character.
I can't wait for the next season.
Do you agree with Walter luzzolino that watching TV series
from other countries helps you 'develop a love for the
distant world'?
(0 Go online to review the lesson ) -
A quiet life?
G present perfect continuous
How long
have you been
living in the
country?
For two years.
We moved
here when
we retired.
IW,Iil3·ltlllM P vowel sounds, sentence rhythm
1 READING & SPEAKING
a
Read the introduction to an article about
Italian villages. Answer the questions.
1 Why are some Italian villages becoming
'ghost towns'?
2 What do you t hink the 'new ways of
surviving' cou ld be?
3 Are t here similar p ro b lems in small vi llages
in your count ry?
b Read the first paragraph about Civita.
Complete it w ith problems A-D.
A the earthquakes, landslides, and floods
B can only be reached by a footbridge
C has only ten year-round inhabitants
D that can reac h Civita are scooters
A new life for
dying towns
Italy is famous for its picturesque small towns and villages, many
of them originating from medieval times, but a recent report
suggests that almost 2,500 risk becoming abandoned ghost towns.
It all started with the post-war economic decline of rural Italian
communities, when many inhabitants of these small towns and
villages emigrated to cities. As more and more young people left,
birth rates fell, and the villages began to empty. But recently, some
of these villages have discovered new ways of surviving.
Civita is a tiny village about 120 kilometres north of Rome. It was founded by
C
Now read the second paragraph. What
was the mayor's brilliant idea? Complete
the tourist information about Civita.
VISIT C IVITA DI BAGNOREGIO AND
GO BACK TO THE MIDDLE AGES!
Entrance fee:
Monday- Saturday € _ _
Sunday and public holidays € __
You can also book a private _ _ _ _ _ and you
can buy refreshments.
d Now read about Santo Stefano. Answer
the q uestions.
1 What problems did the village have at the
end of the 20t h century?
2 W ho was Daniele Kihlgren and what was
his idea?
3 How has his idea benefited t he local
people?
4 What is the situation in the vi llage now?
e
Answer the questions with a p artner.
1 Which of the two villages would you most
like to visit? W hy?
2 Do you t h ink either of the solutions in t he
article wou ld work for a town or village in
your count ry?
3 Do you agree th at t hese solutions
are a good idea? What could be the
disadvantages? Can you think of any other
ways t o help to wns or vi llages survive?
the Etruscans more than 2,500 years ago. The main piazza has a bell tower and
a 13th-century church, the narrow streets have beautiful stone houses
on either side, and there are ruins of Renaissance palaces. However, Civita
1
which connects it to another small town, Bagnoregio. The only vehicles
2
, and a couple of tractors, which are used to transport building materials,
or to bring supplies for the small number of restaurants and bars. Civita 3
although in the summer, this rises to 100. It became known as 'the dying town',
because of 4
that have been threatening its survival since the 17th century,
and it seemed destined to become a ghost town.
But in 2013, a brilliant idea from the local mayor saved it from certain death.
His idea was to charge people an entrance fee to visit the village. Visitors now
have to pay €3 Monday to Saturday and €5 on Sundays or public holidays.
For a few euros more, they can get a private tour of the village, or a sandwich
and a glass of wine. As they walk through its main entrance - a huge stone
gateway - any irritation at havi ng to pay quickly evaporates, as visitors are
taken back to the Middle Ages. In only five years, the
number of tourists has grown from 40,000 to 850,000
per year. As the mayor says, 'Today Civita is not only
alive, but it's keeping the entire area alive, too.'
2 VOCABULARY the country
a
Another approach has worked for the
tiny medieval village of Santo Stefano
di Sessanio, 145 kilometres east of
Rome. At the end of the 20th century,
the village w as in ruins, w ith only 70
inhabitants. But in 1999, Swedish-Italian
millionaire Daniele Kihlgren drove
through the village on a solo motorbike
tour, and decided to do something
about this sad situation. He started by buying one house and
quickly followed that with another ten. He then made a deal with
local government officials to preserve Santo Stefano and not allow
any new buildings. In return, he would restore it to its original state
and give the village a chance to live again by making the houses
into hotel rooms.
Five years later, the village was opened to visitors and became the
first 'Albergo Diffuso', w hich means a hotel which is in fact a whole
village with rooms in different buildings. 32 of the restored houses
are now hotel rooms. Kihlgren buys everything from local people
in and around the village, from the food for the restaurants t o the
accessories in the guest rooms. As a result, local crafts and the
local economy have been revived. In spite of a recent earthquake,
the village is now thriving, and Kihlgren has since bought several
more villages, which he plans to restore in the same way. Staying
in Santo Stefano is like stepping back in time. Walking back in an
intense silence from a cosy restaurant to the warmth of your own
private, medieval house has a comforting and calming effect.
Where once there were empty buildings and locked doors, now
fireplaces burn again and soft light pours through the small
windows of the centuries-old houses. Santo Stefano
Look at the photo. What kind of place do you
think it is? Where do you think it might be?
b (DS.10 Listen to a woman talking about her life
there. Check your answers to a.
c
Listen again and answer the questions.
1 What did she like about the village when she
lived t here?
2 W hat didn't she like as m uch?
3 Where does she live now?
4 W hat does she miss about life in t he village?
d (DS.11 Listen and complete four extracts from the
listening. Do you know what the missing words
mean?
1 T here's a large _ _ _ _ n earby. ..
2 .. .the _ _ _ _ are covered with pine trees
3 People worked in t he _ __ _
4 ... we had our own _ _ __
and generator
e
G p.231 Vocabulary Bank The country
f
What's t he countryside like near where you live?
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Vocabulary > city life
3 PRONUNCIATION vowel sounds
a
b
Look at the pairs of words below. Are the vowel
sounds the same or different? Write S or D.
1
leaf
wheat
5
p ick
cl iff
2
b ush
m ud
6
rock
st o ne
3
plant
far m
7
lamb
grass
4
g row
cow
8
sheep
f ield
(DS.15 Listen and check. Practise saying the words.
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Pronunciation > long and short
vow el sound s
FROM THE CITY TO THE
COUNTRY
AND SOMETIMES BACK AGAIN
4 LISTENING & SPEAKING
a
Read the title and introduction to the article.
Why do you think people move from the city to
the country? Why do some people move back?
b
Read about Liz Jones and Bob Ayers. Why
did they both move to the country?
c
Q)S.16 You're going to listen to Liz and Bob
talking about what life was really like in the
country. First, listen and complete some
extracts. Who do you think stayed, and who
do you think moved back to the city?
Liz
1 you have to drive miles to f ind a _ _ _ _
2 they look at you as if you were from _ _ __
3 another thing I _ _ __ was the shooting
4 an amazing _ __ _ and
a pair of nesting herons
5 I sat outside underneath
millions of _ _ __
I was just divorced, and bored with my easy, if super-busy,
London life. I wanted to live somewhere quieter, simpler, more
beautiful, so I sold my house and bought a big farmhouse
with 50 acres of land. I'll look after horses, I thought. I'll get a
dog. I'll grow all my own food. It will be idyllic and friends will
come to stay and tell me how lucky I am to live here.
Bob
6 my wife always wanted to
have a _ _ _ _ or a _ _ _ _
7 so we started with four _ _ __
8 it gets incredibly _ _ __
9 it can get physically very _ _ _ _
10 there were some local _ _ _ _ who didn't
really like newcomers
d
Q)S.17 Now listen to them talking about
their experiences. Check your answer to the
question in c.
Glossary
free-range hens hens which live outdoors and can move freely
battery_farms farms which keep hens indoors in small cages
e
Listen again. Mark the sentences L (Liz),
B (Bob), or Bo (Both).
Who ...?
1
had problems w ith the house when
he/ she moved in
2
found prices much higher in the country
3
4
5
My wife, Jean, and I had lived in London for years, and we both
worked right in the city centre. I was a police inspector and
Jean was a police dog handler. We enjoyed our jobs, but it was
pretty stressful, dealing with accidents, drugs, shootings, and
so on. We'd often talked about moving out of London, and we'd
had holidays in the country, so we thought we knew what living
in the country would be like. Ten years ago, we bought a house
in a village in Dorset, with a huge garden.
6
7
8
got a new job
bought more land
didn't behave like the local people
expected
kept animals
had problems with the weather
gave work to the local people
f
Why do you think one of them succeeded in
their new life and the other failed?
g
G Communication City or country? p.178
Ask and answer questions with a partner.
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Listening
5 GRAMMAR present perfect continuous
a
Look at the photos and speech bubbles. " @the correct
verb form.
6 PRONUNCIATION &
SPEAKING sentence rhythm
a
G)S.19 Listen and complete the
sentences with verbs in the present
perfect continuous. Use contractions if
possible.
1 I _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ hard this week.
2
well lately.
3 My neighbours _ _ _ __ _ __ __
a lot of noise recently.
4 I _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ about
getting a new phone.
5 I _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ with my
family a lot recently.
6 I _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ much
TV lately.
7 I _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ very
stressed for the last few weeks.
8 I _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ __ _
a lot
of exercise this month .
9 I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a lot recently.
10 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ a lot
of time on social media.
b
Listen again and repeat. Copy the
r..bythm.
c
Work with a partner. For each sentence
in a, say if it is true for you or not, and
give reasons.
( 1 is true for me. I've been working really hard
lJ_his week because I have exams soon.
d
Now think of two things you have
or haven't been doing this week or
recently. Work in pairs, A and B. A tell B
what you've been doing. B show interest
by asking for more details. Then swap
roles.
I've been eating out a lot recently)
(_Oh really? Why?
Because some friends of mine are visiting~
so we've been going out together.
J
7 WRITING
f> p.191 Writing An informal email
Write an email about things you've been
doing recently.
b Compare with a partner. Explain why you chose each verb
form.
c
(D p.213 Grammar Bank 58
(0 Go online to review the lesson ) I DJ
Practical English Time to tell the poli
making a police report
1
0 A WORRIED PHONE CALL
You hear You say
.. .You also said that your He was supposed to be
father- in-law - Henry home three hours ago.
Walker - hasn't returned
home yet. How long has
he been 1_ _ __ ?
OK. It's a bit early to That's right.
report him missing but
1'11 2_ __ _ a
statement . So, your
name's Jenny Zielinski.
a
Q)S.20 Watch or listen to Jenny talking to Rob on the
phone. In the end, what does Rob say she should do?
b
Watch or listen again . Answer the questions.
1 Is Jenny sure t he man in the news is the man she met on t he
plane? Why (not)?
2 W hat time we re Jenny and Henry planning to have dinner?
3 W hat time is it now? Why is Rob worried about this?
4 How d oes Jenny d escribe the house?
5 What doesn't she think she'll be able to do?
And you're staying at Yes.
The Grange, Marsh Lane,
Long Crendon.
OK. Can you He's 62, I think. He's
3_ _ _ _ Mr Walker? average height and
build. He has grey hair
and glasses. I don't
know what colour his
eyes are.
They're brown. Here is a
photo of him.
If you were Jenny, would you stay in Henry's house alone?
2
a
0 MAKING A POLICE REPORT
Q)S.21 Watch or listen to Jenny and Luke at the police
station. What information does the police officer ask for
about Henry? How do Jenny and Luke describe him?
b Watch or listen again. Complete the You hear phrases
in the conversation.
c
Q)S.22 Watch or listen and repeat some of Jenny's
You say phrases. Copy the r.by_thm and intonation.
d In groups of three, practise the conversation in b.
e
9 Communication Reporting a missing person A p.180
B p.185. Role-play two conversations.
When did you This morning. A round
4_ _ _ _ see him? ten.
Where were you? At his house in Long
Crendon.
And do you remember Oh, j ust a brown jacket,
what he was a dark green shirt, and
5_ _ _ _? jeans.
Do you remember
anything 6_ _ _ _
about the last time you
saw him?
Yes, actually. We we re
going to go to Oxford,
but Henry's two
front tyres had been
punctured.
Really? So yo u left for Yes.
Oxford and he stayed to
fix t he car?
Do you know what his No.
7_ _ _ _ were for the
rest of the day?
.......1' ~~£,
- •
(,l,l~ ltu. ,..._
;!fH"
You hear You say
Can you give me some
idea of his normal
b
the correct answer.
1 Jenny feels safer/ less safe in Luke's house.
2 The username on the laptop is I isn't Jenny's.
3 When Luke opens a file, he finds a photo I a formula.
4 Jenny rece ives a text message I a video message from Henry.
Not really.. .
Well, he's an academic.
?
- -- - He teaches at the
university a few days a
week, but he often works
from home. He goes on
a lot of long walks, but
never this late.
8
And Jenny, do you Well, there was my
_
seeing suitcase. The airport
anything unusual when had returned my lost
you got back to the luggage and the lock
house this afternoon? was broken.
Watch or listen again.@
5 Henry says the people who are holding him want her
laptop I suitcase.
6 Henry shows them today's I yesterday's newspaper.
7 He asks Jenny and Luke to go/ not to go to the police again.
8 He asks them to give Rob a message I not to say anything
to Rob.
9_ __
What do you think has happened to Henry? Why?
What do you think Jenny and Luke should do?
c
Is there anything There were some books
10_ _ _ _ ? on the floor.
Look at the Social English phrases. Can you remember
any of the missing words?
Social English
Really? That's weird.
Henry's normally really
_tidy.
OK. Try not to l'
11_ _ __, we'll
look into this. In the
meantime, perhaps ,
you should stay with
Luke, and if you think of
anything else, or he turns
up, give me a call.
I
3
a
0 A THREATENING MESSAGE
G)S.23 Watch or listen to Jenny and Luke
talking the next morning. What's the good
news? What's the bad news?
1 Jenny
2 Jenny
3 Luke
4 Jenny
5 Henry
6 Henry
Thanks for _ _ _ _ me stay.
What does it
?
I have _ _ _ _ idea .
It's a _ _ _ _ from Henry!
As you can see, I'm _ __ _
Listen _ _ __
d
G)S.24 Watch or listen and complete the phrases. Then
watch or listen again and repeat.
e
Complete conversations A-F with Social English
phrases 1-6. Then practise them with a partner.
A
Are you feeling OK? Yes, don't worry,
B
Have a safe journey! It was Yes it was great.
really lovely to see you !
C
OK, we're going to do a Will you say them slowly?
dictation. I'm going to repeat
each sentence twice.
D
Your phone just made Yes.
my sister. She's
a noise. coming round th is evening.
E
Do you know where my
dad's gone?
F
I don't understand
this message.
Sorry,
I don't understand it
either.
CAN YOU ...?
describe someone's appearance and routine
report a problem to the police
thank someone for helping you
Go online to watch the video, review the lesson, and check your progress
l
Screen time
If the use of leisure time is confined to looking at TV for a
few extra hours every day, we will deteriorate as a people.
Eleanor Roosevelt, American former first lady
G present perfect simple
1 VOCABULARY television
a
c
Complete the words with the missing vowels, a, e, i, o, or u.
Complete the sentences with a word
from the list.
box set episode seasons series
s i ~ soap streaming service
Friends was an A merican .,.s,.._itc"'"'o""m'-'-'----about the romantic and often amusing
adventures of a group of six friends living
in New York.
c r _j_ m ~ d r _a_ m _g_
2 c _ _ k_ry pr_ gr_ mm _
2 More than 10 million viewers watched the
final _ _ _ _ _ _ __ of the TV drama,
Bodyguard.
3 Game of Thrones is one of the most
popular _ _ _ _ _ __ _ ever shown
on TV.
3 th
w
th
f_r_ c_ st
4
C
rr nt _ff _ _ rs
pr_gr_mm _
4 The British _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Coronation
Street follows the lives and problems of the
neighbours on a fict ional street.
5 T he Harry Potter _ _ _ _ _ _ __
contains all eight films.
6 The period drama Downton Abbey ran for
a total of six _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
7 Netflix is a _ _ _ _ _ _ __ that
distributes series like Stranger Things and
The Crown.
5 c_rt _ _ n
6 d_c_ m _ nt_ ry
b Match the extracts to a type of programme from the list.
advert
chat show live sport period drama
reality show the news
Ef1;1-i-t-s-hew
'On tonight's show, two more contestants compete against each
other to see who will go through t o the next round.' quiz show
2 'If you don't sleep well, it can affect your whole day. Try taking
SleepWell, the sleep aid guaranteed to give you a good night's
rest.' _ _ _ _ _ _ __
3 'Welcome to stage two of the most famous cycling race in the
world.' _ _ _ _ _ __
4 'So let's have a look at how the housemates have been getting
on today.. .' _ _ __ _ _ _ _
5 'Now on BBC1, a new dramatization of Charles Dickens's novel
Oliver Twist.' _ _ _ _ _ _ __
6 'Tonight Graham Norton talks to two special guests, actors
Eddie Redmayne and Emma Stone.'
7 'And here, with the latest national and international stories on
the hour, is Mark Finch.' _ _ _ __ _ _ _
d
Match the bold phrasal verbs to definitions a-f.
2 PRONUNCIATION /w/, /v/, and /b/
1 Do you turn on the TV as soon as you get home?
Why / Why not? __d_
a
2 What do you normally do first: fall asleep or turn off
the TV?
3 How would you feel if someone turned over to another
channel when you were watching something? __
4 Which TV programme do you watch most often?
G5.1 Listen and write the words you hear.
1 vote
5
2 -
3
6
7
4
8
- --
b
GS.1 Listen again and check. Then listen and
repeat the words.
c
Q)S.2 Listen and complete the sentences.
When is it on?
5 When might you turn the TV down? _ _
6 When would you turn it up? _ _
1 What's the weather forecast
a press a button to stop the TV working
?
2 The viewers _ _ __ _ for the _ _ _ __ __
b it's being shown on TV at this moment
3 Have you ever _ _ __ _ _ __ or Cambodia?
the _ __ _ _ show
4 Did you
c make the volume quieter
d press a button to start the TV working
on
e make the volume louder
5 The
f press a button to watch a different channel
e
for the weekend
?
team won a
6 We've been _ __ _ _ ___ since we set up our
new
Answer the questions in d about you.
d
G5.2 Listen again and repeat the sentences.
2
3
3 GRAMMAR present perfect simple
4 - -- -- - - - -- - -- - -- - - -- -
a
5
6
Correct any mistakes in the highlighted phrases.
Tick (✓) the correct sentences.
Have you seen tomorrow's weather forecast?
VOCABULARY FROM LISTENING
✓
2 The reporter haven't switched on her microphone. 1
hasn't switched on
Complete the sentences with a word from the list.
binge watched catch-up channels
device streaming two-screen
I
contestants
I
4 They've had the same TV since 20 years.
The show starts with four pairs of contestants
but only one pair goes through to the final.
2 I know several people who _ __ __ ___ all five
series of Breaking Bad in a week.
3 I missed my favourite soap last night, so I'm going to
watch it on _ __ __ _ __ tonight.
4 I usually tell people to put down their phones if they
_ _ __ __ _ ' while we're watching TV.
5 My family uses _ _ __ _ __
3 The documentary just has finished.
services more
than TV.
6 A huge number of TV _ __ __ ___ in the UK
are available to watch online.
7 If you want to watch live TV on line, you need a
_ _ __ _ _ __ like a tablet or a smartphone.
I
5 I've already seen this film.
6 Have you ever be on TV?
7 I haven't watched that programme since they
changed the presenter.
8 Lauren and Steve know each other fo r ages.
9 I've never liked watching live sport.
10 Hasn't yet the news started?
87
~
b @ the correct words.
1 Let's turn over. We've seen /~
the news earlier.
2 There has just been I just was an earthquake in Thailand.
3 I haven't wanted I I didn't want to watch the film last night, so I went to bed.
4 Don't tell me what happens - / haven't watched I I didn't watch the last episode yet.
5 That programme is on I has been on since I was a child.
6 I don't need to see the film because I've already read I I already read the book.
7 The children have had the TV on a// day I for all day.
8 They've only known each other for a month I since a month and they're getting married!
c
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence.
Use the word in brackets.
Jennifer Lawrence became an actress when she
was a child . (since)
Jennifer Law rence has been an actress since she
was a child.
2 My friend bought his speakers a week ago. (had)
My friend _ __ _ __ _ _ __
a week.
3 I got home two minutes ago. (just)
I _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ home.
4 Is this your first t ime in Spain? (been)
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ before?
5 We moved house in 2005, 2008, and 2012. (times)
We _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
6 I didn't like cartoons in the past, and I don't like
t hem now. (never)
I _________ _ cartoons.
7 They've been married for ten years. (get)
They _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _
8 I don't want a coffee, t hanks. I had one at home. (already)
I don't want a coffee, thanks. I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _
d
Answer the questions. Write at least two sentences about each one.
1 What's just happened in a TV series you're watching?
2 What's happened in the news today?
3 Which countries have you visited ?
4 What new clothes have you bought recently?
5 What good things have happened recently in your family?
(0
Go online for more practice)
When I go out into the countryside and see the
sun and the green and everything flowering, I say
to myself 'Yes indeed, all that belongs to me!'
Henri Rousseau, French painter
A quiet life?
G present perfect continuous
1 VOCABULARY the country
a
tlllli3·HIIIM P vowel sounds, sentence rhythm
b Complete the puzzle.
,R
Order the letters to make words that
match the definitions.
2P
an area of land that is covered with trees
(ODOW) wood
3T
R
H
E
6c
7G
R 0
u
I8 F I
4 a small river (MASTER)
98
5 a plant like a small, thick tree with many
low branches (HUBS)
,ow H
6 the part of a fence that can be opened to
let people through (TEGA)
N
T
,,c R
1120
7 a large area of water that is surrounded by
land (KEAL)
y
nL
s
14P
I1sH I
I
I
D
I
16H E
9 a high, very steep area of rock, of ten next
to the sea (FLICF)
11 sma ll pieces of rock (TESOSN)
T
SC
3 the low land between two mountains
that often has a river flowing through it
(LAYVEL)
10 a deep hole in the ground where you can
get water from (LEWL)
E
N
4s
2 a high area of land that is not as high as a
mountain (UHL)
8 an area of land in the country used for
growing crops or keeping animals in
(EDILF)
L
p
I
(used about fru it, etc.) ready to be picked and eaten
2 (of seeds) put in the g round to grow
3
4 pil~..,f;iil 5
12 a line of wooden posts to divide land or
keep animals in (NECFE)
13 a common green p lant with th in leaves that
covers fields and gardens (SGARS)
7 to put a plant in the ground and take care of it
8
9
14 a part of a tree that leaves, flowers, or fru it
grow on (NBACRH)
15 small thin pieces of wood from a tree
(CKTISS)
10 a cereal that can be made into flour
16 a row of bushes or small trees that
separates one piece of land from another
(DEGHE)
12
11 p lants that are grown on farms for food
13
17 soft, wet earth (DUM)
18 large pieces of stone (SCKOR)
14 to take a fru it or vegetable from the place where it is growing
19 a way across a piece of land that people
can walk along (HAPT)
15 (of fruit, crops, etc.) collected from the trees, fields, etc.
16
20 one of the thin, flat, usually green parts of
a plant or tree (FALE)
89
c
Complete the text with the words from the list.
2 PRONUNCIATION vowel sounds
barn cockerel cows crops fences fiel.els
grass hens lambs ripe tractor wheat
a @
One of the best ways to see the English countryside is from
the air. Green 1fields
separated by hedges or
2_ _ _ __ stretch out below you as far as the eye can
see. 3_ __ __ are growing in some of them, such as
golden 4_ _ ___ or 5_ _ __ _ corn, while in others
there are animals peacefully eating 6_ _ _ _ _ . As the
the word with a different sound.
fish
1 cliff
pick
9
tree
2 field
hill
leaf sheep
egg
3 earth
fence
~ cat
4 lambs
harvest
. car
5 barn
farm
path
warn
train
6 gate
g rass
lake
w ait
i
~
l
1
plane nears the ground, you can see black-and-white
_ _ _ _ _ standing in groups, and in the spring you can
see sheep with their 8_ _ __ _ . Every so often, there
is a farmhouse with a 9_ _ _ _ _ parked outside the
door. Usually, there is an enormous 10_ _ _ _ _ nearby
~
m
sticks
hedge
threaten
valley
t ractor
..,
where the grain is stored. Outside, there are sometimes
11
_ _ _ __ walking around the farmyard looking for food.
With the female birds, there's often one noisy male - the
·i• l•· clock 7 cockerel crops donkey stones
12
·tt
bull
8 bush
look
mud
$
owl
9 cow
grow
mountain
wood
town
b G) 5.3 Listen and check. Then listen again and
repeat the words.
c
d
G)S.4 Listen and complete the sentences.
Write a short paragraph describing the
countryside where you live. Use the text in c
to help you.
I've been ridiog,
my bike
1,XQ [K
this week.
2 I've been
5
recently.
more
3 I've been
4
to
my
been
so much
been
that
been
much
lately.
6 I
d G) S.4 Listen again and repeat the sentences. ,C,Qpy
the~thm.
0
3 GRAMMAR pr.esent perfect continuous
a
c
Complete the sentences with the present perfect
continuous form of the verb in brackets. Use contractions if
possible.
1 I'm fed up w ith my friend. I've been waiting
an hour. (wait)
Write present perfect continuous
sentences with for or since. Use
contractions if possible.
I'm looking after my neighbours' dog.
They went on holiday last Saturday.
for her for nearly
2 Charlie's bored. He _ __ __ _ _ history all day. (study)
3 I didn't know that you'd passed your test. How long _ _ _ __
you _ _ _ _ ____ ? (drive)
I've been looking after my neighbours'
dog since last Saturday
2 My brother lives in Paris. He went there
two years ago.
My brother _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ __
4 Tina's gone to the doctor's. She _ __ _ _ __ _ well
recently. (not feel)
3 Emma is my girlfriend. We started going
5 Mary and Paul aren't getting on. They _ __ __ _ __ a lot
out a year ago.
lately. (argue)
Emma and I _ __ _ _ _ __ __ _
6 My parents are very excited about their holiday to Turkey. They
_ _ _ __ _ __ it all year. (look forward to)
4 Rosie is studying. She started when she
7 Your sister's really good at tennis. How long _ _ __ _
she _ _ _ _ _ __ ? (play)
came home.
Rosie _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ __
8 I think I've put on weight. I _ _ _ __ _ __ to the gym
recently. (not go)
b
5 They're training for the new season. Their
first session was three weeks ago.
They _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _
Complete the text with the present perfect continuous form
of the verbs from the list. Use contractions if possible.
not add
drink
not eat
go
make
play
swim
tfy'
use
walk
6 It's raining. It started at about eight
o'clock.
It _ _ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ _ __
d What have you been doing recently?
Write five sentences. Use the ideas
from the list or your own ideas.
at home at school /university /
work with other people / alone
exercise / food / hobbies / sleep
I have exams, so I've been studying.
I've been eating more vegetables
because I want to be healthier.
My husband and I 1 have been trying
to lead a healthier
lifestyle recently. We 2_ _ __ _ __ jogging together
every day before we go to work. He 3
to
4
work instead of driving, and I _ _______ the stairs
at work instead of taking the lift. We 5________
a lot of water during the day, and we 6___ _ _ __ _
any snacks. After work, I 7___ _ _ ___ every evening
and my husband 8_ __ _ ____ tennis twice a week.
Instead of cooking a big meal when we get home, my husband
9_ _ _ _ __ _ us some lovely salads. He
10_ __ __ __ a lot of oil to the salads, but they
still taste delicious!
(a
2 - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _
4 _______________ _
5
Go online for more practice) (
C, Go online to check your progress )
91
l
Practical English Time to tell the police
making a police report
1 MAKING A POLICE REPORT
2 SOCIAL ENGLISH
a
a
Re-order the words to make questions.
a do I know / you / her / were / what/ plans /for/ today
Do you know what her plans were for today?
b anything /notice/ about/ unusual / did / you / her
c your/ aunt/ missing/ how/ long /has/ been
Complete the phrases with a word from
the list.
carefully idea letting
mean message A§flt
1 I'm all ~n""·g~h~t_ __
2 Thanks for _ _ _ _ _ me stay.
d you / were / w here
3 Listen _ _ _ __
4 It's a _ _ _ _ _ from
e her/ you /describe/ can
5 I have no _ _ _ __
6 What does it _ _ _ _ _ ?
f
anything /tonight/ there/ about/ the/ unusual /was/ house
b Complete the conversations with the
phrases in a.
g some/ idea I her/ normal /can/ you / routine/ of/ give/ me
1
h her/ see / you / when / last/ did
A Where's everyone else?
B / have no idea
2 A Can you tell me again what the
she / was / remember/ what/ wearing / do / you
homework is?
B Yes, but ________ this
anything/ there/ else/ is
b Complete the conversation with the questions in a.
A Hello. I'd like to report a missing person - my aunt.
B OK, I'll take a statement. 1__c_
A She was supposed to be home four hours ago.
time! I won't repeat it again.
3
4 A Are you sure you're OK?
B Yes, _ _ _ _ ____ Don't worry
about me.
B z__
A Well, she's 55 years old. She's quite tall with long brown hair.
B 3__
5
A Around five o'clock last night.
A A purple T-shirt and a pair of black leggings.
B 6__
A Well, I suppose she seemed a bit nervous.
B 7_ _
A No, she didn't mention anything.
Ba__
A She works from 8.00 to 4.00. She's always at home by 5.00.
B 9__
A Yes, the front door was unlocked, which was strange.
B m__
A Yes, t here is one other thing. Her handbag was on the table.
0 Go online to practise the Practical English phrases
A Was that your phone?
B Yes. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ my
boyfriend.
B 4_ _
A At her house. I often go round on my way home from work.
B s__
A I texted John and this is his reply.
B I don't understand. _ _ _ _ _ __
6
A It was great to see you. Have you
had a good time?
B Yes, I really like Budapest.
Can you remember...? 1-5
1 GRAMMAR
4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY
Complete the sentences.
Read the article.@a, b, or c.
1 My cousin Sue is m_ _ _ o_ _ _ th_ __
me. She's 56, and I'm only 32.
2 John is a good fr_ __ o_ _ _
We've known each other for years.
m _ __
3 I saw you sitting in your car last night. What w_ _ _
y_ _ _ d._ _ _ ?
4 I'm hungry. Where sh _ __
g_ _ _
w_ _ _
for lunch?
5 If we had a bigger house, I c_ _ _ h_ _ _ my
own office.
6 I think we need to stop the car and have a break.
We've b_ __ dr_ _ _ f_ _ _ nearly
three hours.
2 VOCABULARY
@ the word that is different.
1 fold
unpack
2 healthy
3 bin
zoom in
messy
carton
jar
noisy
dissertation
5 ,advert
dissertation
stream
dirty
tub
4 seminar
6 lake
wrap
gate
tutorial
lecture
documentary
series
A British Institution
Every evening, people all over Britain tune in to BBC Radio 4
and listen to an introductory tune that 1_ _ every night
for more than 60 years. It is the theme tune to The Archers,
the longest-running radio 2__ in the world. The Archers
is 3_ _ just before seven o'clock. The programme is about
life in the fictional village ofAmbridge. The aim of the show
was to give 4_ _ information about new farming methods
after the Second World War. The programme was originally
about the lives of three farmers: Dan Archer, Walter Gabriel,
and George Fairbrother, but a lot has changed 5__ the
first episode. The Archers' family farm, Brookfield, no longer
belongs 6__ Dan. First, it passed to Dan's son, Phil, and
his wife Jill, and now it is owned by 7__ four children.
Their son, David, manages Brookfield, and he keeps animals
as well as growing 8_ _ •The programme has been very 9__,
and at the height ofits popularity, it was estimated that 60%
ofBritish adults were regular listeners. Today, it isn't
quite as popular 10_ _ it used to be, but it still has
over a million listeners.
well
3 PRONUNCIATION
@
the word with a different sound .
..,~
.
~ tram
1 raincoat
height baker's
weight
~ bike
2 recycle
behind
replay
polystyrene
~ cat
3 tractor
wrapper
batteries
~ car
.i j
bull
b plays
2 a chat show
b documentary
3 a in
b on
4 a for farmers
b farmers
b for
5 a since
6 a at
b of
7 a Phil's and Jills' b Phil and Jills'
b grass
8 a crops
9 a colourful
b successful
10 a as
b than
1 a 'splaying
4 campus
5 butcher's
drama
wood
barn
bush
vacancy
pyjamas
cartoon
C
's been playing
C
soap
C
up
C
to farmers
C
from
C
to
C
Phil and Jil l's
C
plants
C
useful
C
that
( C, Go online to check your progress)
II
What the waiter really thinks
G obligation, necessity, prohibition, advice
V at a restaurant
Dowe
need to
leave a tip?
Yes, we
ought to
leave about
12%.
P word pairs with and
1 VOCABULARY at a restaurant
3 READING
a
a
Look at the title of the article on p.95.
Do people in your country usually
complain in restaurants if things aren't
right, or do they suffer in silence? Have
you ever 'lost your cool' in a restaurant?
What happened?
b
Read the article once. Who do you
think the writer sympathizes with most,
restaurant staff or customers?
c
Read the article again and complete it
with headings A-H.
Look at these phrases. Who says them? Mark them
C (customer) or W (waiter).
1
2
3
4
Are you ready to order?
Would yo u like the dessert menu?
I'll have t he lasagne, please.
Enjoy your meal!
5
6
Can we have the bill, p lease?
Today's specials are o n t he board over th ere.
7
8
9
10
How would you like your steak?
Can I have the wine list, please?
Is service included?
I'm sorry, b ut thi s fish isn't cooked .
b
Gp.232 Vocabulary Bank At a restaurant
c
Work w ith a partner. What's the difference between each
pair of words or phrases?
1 a cup / a glass
2 a plat e / a saucer
3 a jug/ a mug
4 a tablecloth / a napkin
5 a plate / a dish
6 a meal / a course
7 lay the t ab le/ clear the table
8 take an order/ ord er food
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Vocabulary > more at a restaurant
2 PRONUNCIATION word pairs with and
a
b
Look at the photo. What do you think the 'n' stands for?
Why do you think it's written like that?
e6.3 Listen and repeat the phrases.
fish and chips
o il and vinegar
salt and p epper
A Put yourself in their shoes
cup and saucer
knife and fork
B There's bad cooking ...and there's
different cooking
C Ask to speak to the manager
D 'Oh no, not TripAdvisor!'
E Respect people's expertise
F Be clear about what's wrong and what
you want
G Don't wait to complain
H The menu is there for a reason
p Word pair order
W ith many pairs, w e always say t hem in a cert ain order, e.g.
we say oil and vinegar NOT ~•irtegar aRd oil.
c
What two kinds of food and drink can you see in the photos?
,,.. ., 3 -
4
5
~
d
e6.4 Listen and check.
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Pronunciation > connected speech
6
d
Look at the highlighted words in the
article. What do you think over- and
under- mean when they are used before
another word?
e
Which of the pieces of advice in the
article do you think is the most useful?
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Listening
People often lose their temper when they try to complain about bad food or service.
So how do you do it effectively?
Seventy-five per cent of all problems in restaurants are
caused by bad organization, bad training, or employing the
wrong staff. The waiters are often innocent victims, so they
are not the right person to complain to.
Have a reasonable idea in your head of how you want the
complaint dealt with (i.e. the dish re-cooked, removed from
the bill, etc.). Make your case politely, but clearly; don't start
your sentence with 'Sorry.. .'. What are you apologizing for?
about your holiday in Italy or your best friend who has a
vineyard. Please also bear in mind that you probably don't
know everything. They are the professionals. You aren't.
The fact that a dish has not been made 'how you do it at
home' is not a good reason to complain. The same applies
to portion size, unless you can see that the table next to
you got twice as much as you. But too much salt, important
ingredients missing, undercooked fish, cold or burnt food:
these are all good reasons for complaining.
3
6
A waiter's job isn't easy. You need to
recognize the difference between
when they are being genuinely rude
or lazy, and when they are simply
overworked. Booking systems crash.
A big group of people who haven't
booked suddenly arrives. Staff get
ill. Look around you. Are you waiting
for your drinks because the staff are
chatting by the till, or are they rushing
around because the restaurant is
clearly understaffed?
You want a dish served without one of its ingredients? Within
reason, that's fine. You want your steak cooked until it's like
shoe leather? It's OK to ask for that. However, if you want
spaghetti bolognese and it isn't on the menu, that's too
bad. Similarly, you can't expect the staff to run to the nearest
supermarket to get you some white bread because you
don't like the chef's wholemeal loaf.
4
Never tell restaurant staff how you
think a dish should be cooked or how
a drink should be served. If you want
something done in a specific way, ask
for it. Good restaurants will do it. You
don't need to prove how much you
know about food and w ine by talking
Don't threaten to write a bad review on a restaurant review
site if you are unhappy with the food or service. If your
complaint hasn't been satisfactorily resolved on the night,
email the restaurant. You will be amazed how receptive
restaurants can be.
8
e6.5 You're going to listen to three people
talking about bad experiences in restaurants.
First, listen to some extracts and write down the
food you hear.
b
e6.6 Now listen to the three stories. Make notes in
the chart.
c
ID
Don't continue drinking your vinegary wine or eating your
overcooked steak until you are halfway through and then
complain. Similarly, there's no point in telling the waitress
who is clearing the table that there wasn't enough sauce.
Speak up while the mistake can be corrected.
1
Was the
speaker a
waiter or a
customer?
Where did
the incident
happen?
Answer the questions with a partner.
1 Think of some places where you 've eaten out. Have
you ever had rea lly bad service? What happened?
2 Have you ever seen a customer who behaved badly?
Have you ever worked as a waiter?
3 When you go to a restaurant, which do you think is
more important, the service or the food? Why? What
other aspects of a restaurant are important to you
when you go out?
:,
<.:>
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - ~
4 LISTENING & SPEAKING
a
C
<1J
~
<1J
What is the
speaker
complaining
about?
What
happened
in the end?
2
3
E
0
--.'=
-u
ID
Q
~
<:(
5 GRAMMAR obligation, necessity, prohibition, advice
a
Do you normally leave a tip in restaurants? How much do you leave?
b
Read an article about tipping. Is the situation in your country similar to any of the
countries mentioned? Do you agree with the waiter's advice in the last paragraph?
Knowing how to tip in restaurants can be a
nightmare, especially on holiday. A waiter tells
you what to do .. .
Is there anywhere where people never tip?
In Japan. You mustn't do it there. The Japanese
think that tipping someone means treating them
like a servant. The price is the price.
Where should you tip?
Everywhere else. As a waiter, I find it hard to
imagine anyone being upset with extra cash.
You should never feel embarrassed to leave a tip
on the table. In fact, in countries where you don't
have to tip, it's even more appreciated.
Do you need to tip if service is already included?
In countries like France and Australia, service is always
included in the prices. The service charge is often shared
with the kitchen staff as well - which is a good thing, helping
everyone to earn a bit more. When you have to pay a service
charge, of course, you needn't add an extra tip unless you really
want to. If you do tip, check that the money is going to the waiter
and not to the restaurant owner, and if in doubt, leave cash.
How much should you tip?
The standard service charge is 12.5% of the bill in Britain, so if
your bill doesn't include service, you should tip about 10% (the
USA and Canada are another story - there's no upper limit!).
But - and this is important - if you're leaving a good tip, don't
make a big thing about it and expect the waiter to look at you
adoringly. Do it discreetly and enjoy the feel-good factor instead.
c
Match the highlighted phrases to their meaning.
What other verbs could you use for 1, 4, and 5?
1 It's an obligation / necessity.
2 It isn't an obligation / necessity.
3 Don't do it! It's prohibited /dangerous/ wrong.
4 It's a good idea.
5 It isn't a good idea.
d G,p.214 Grammar Bank 6A
e
C
ro
'ii
When shouldn't you tip?
The only circumstances when I think you shouldn't
tip are when the service is really really bad, for
example, if you ask for things that never arrive, or if
staff are extremely unfriendly. But remember that
what many people think of as 'slow service' is often
more the kitchen's fault than the waiter's.
In pairs,@
the correct answer.
1 You shouldn't I You ought to speak rudely to waiters.
2 You mustn't I You don't have to order food containing
nuts if you have a serious nut allergy.
3 You ought to I You oughtn't to send something back
just because you don't like it.
4 You have to I You needn't book a table in advance at
really popular restaurants.
5 You don't need to I You shouldn't order things which
aren't on the menu.
6 You mustn't I You don't have to finish everything on
your plate.
7 You needn't I You should leave a tip if the service was
mediocre.
:;
J
()
~
.r.
f-
E
-::0
"O
JJ
a.
ro
"O
~
6 LISTENING
a
G)6.11 You're going to listen to an
interview with Sally, an American, about
tipping in US restaurants. First, listen
to two short extracts. What American
English words does she use for the
following nouns?
tip bill waiter or waitress
note (= money)
b G)6.12 Now listen to the interview. In
which situations does Sally say you don't
have to tip in the USA?
c
Listen again. Complete the information
with a number.
1 Many waiters earn $_ _ to _ _ per hour.
2 The minimum wage in the USA is around
$_ _ per hour.
3 A normal tip is _ _ to __% of the bill.
4 If the service is excellent, you should pay
_ _ %.
5 If the service isn't good, you should pay
_ _ %.
6 In a bar, you should tip $__ for each
drink you order.
d Was there anything that surprised you
about the US tipping system? Do you
think it's fair? Why (not)?
7 SPEAKING
a
Look at the photos. What jobs do they
show? What services do these people
provide?
b
In pairs, answer the questions about
your country.
1 Do people usually tip for the services in
the photos? If yes, about how much? If no,
do you think they should?
2 Is it usual to tip anybody else who provides
a service, fo r example, refuse collectors or
postmen / women at Christmas or for other
special occasions?
3 Have you ever felt embarrassed about
tipping or not tipping someone?
Why (not)?
8 WRITING
f>p.192 Writing A restaurant review
Write a website review of a restaurant
you've been to recently.
(0 Go online to review the lesson ) Ifill:
II
Could you
help me put
up some
shelves?
Do it yourse\\
Sorry, I can't.
I've never
been able to
doDIY.
G can, could, and be able to
1 READING
A
a
Look at the photos of everyday things. Which do
you think you might be able to use...?
B
-
----
~-:-.,_
~ ~•,.\
C
instead of shaving cream
to get rid of smells
to keep insect s away
b
C
to make towels soft
to make your hair shiny
D
Read the blog. What are the 'extraordin ary'
uses for the things in a? Were you right?
Read the blog again. A s you read, focus on
the highlighted verbs and read the sentences
they appear in carefully. Try to guess what the
verbs mean.
ses for ordinary things
Your house is full of everyday items that can be used for things you would
never have expected. I promise all these ideas work - I've tried them!
Do you have a problem with insects? Don't like spiders in your
house? Citrus or lemon oil is a traditional repellent for insects
of all kinds - and the oil is in the peel. Take large pieces of
peel and place them along window sills and cracks outside your house,
to stop spiders, ants, and other unwelcome guest s from coming in.
Cats also really dislike the strong smell of lemons,
so you can use lemon peel or lemon juice to
keep them away from specific areas in your
house or garden. However, despite what
you may have heard, lemon oil doesn't
have any effect on mosquitoes, sadly,
so it won't protect you from their
bites.
Even after you've
washed them,
plastic food
containers often end up with
a rather unpleasant smell
from t he food you kept in
them. Newspaper can absorb
all sorts of moisture and
smells. Just cru mple a
piece of newspaper and
put it inside your food
container, then seal the
container and leave it
overnight.
In the morn ing, throw away the newspaper and enjoy your clean
container. You can also use the same method to deal with smelly
trainers. Just stuff t hem with newspaper overnight and they'll be
smell-free the next day.
Towels are always soft and lovely when they're new, but they
soon become a bit rough. You could buy fabric conditioner to
help to restore that softness, but you can also use a tennis
ball. Just put the ball in t he dryer with your towels or sheets. Because
of the movement of the ball against t he material, they will feel rea lly
soft when you take them out. Make sure you use a new tennis ball,
though, or you risk ruining your lovely clean laundry.
Eggs are rich in proteins that are very similar to those found
in our hair, so t hey make a great conditioner. Try beating
an egg with a bit of olive oil, and apply it to your hair. (Use
a couple of eggs if your hair is really dry.) If you want to smell less
like an omelette and more like you've just come back from the
hairdresser's, add a couple of drops of scented oil. Leave on for about
20 minutes and then rinse with warm water. Your hair will be shiny
and extra smooth. But be careful not to use really hot water or you
might cook the eggs!
Many people know that you can use olive oil to stop doors
from making a noise, or to make machines work more
smoothly. But you might be surprised to learn that it is also a
great alternative to shaving cream. Just rub it on your skin and shave
normally. Olive oil can also help with dry skin, so you can use it to
moisturize your face or legs after you finish shaving.
d
Now match the verbs in c to the definitions below.
_ _ _ _ to wash sth with clean water on ly, not using soap
2 _ _ _ _ to move a cloth or your hand backwards and
forwards on sth while pressing hard
3 _ _ _ _ to take in liquid from sth
4 _ _ _ _ to put or spread sth such as paint, cream, etc. onto
a surface
5 _ _ _ _ to close a container tightly or fill a crack, especially
so that air, liquid, etc. cannot get in or out
6 _ _ _ _ to put sth in a particular position
7 _ _ _ _ to make paper into a ball
8 _ _ _ _ to bring sth back to a former condition
9 _ _ _ _ to prevent sb / sth from going somewhere
10 _ _ _ _ to fill a space or container tightly with sth
e
a
What would you suggest in these
situations? Compare your ideas with a
partner.
WHAT COULD YOU DO?
Do you think you might try any of the tips in the blog?
Which one(s)? Can you think of any other 'extraordinary'
uses for the things in the photos in a?
2 GRAMMAR can, could, and be able to
a
3 SPEAKING & WRITING
Complete some more tips with the correct form of can or
be able to.
If you cover your children's drawings with hairspray, you'll
_ _ _ _ keep them for years.
2 You _ _ __ rescue soups or stews which are too salty by
putting pieces of apple or potato in them.
3 If you haven't _ _ _ _ remove a water mark on wooden
furniture, make a paste with salt and water and rub the mark with it.
4 If you want your candles to last longer, you _ __ _ try
putting them in the freezer for two hours before lighting them.
5 If you _ _ _ _ find any silver polish at home, rub your silver
jewellery with toothpaste.
b
0 p.215 Grammar Bank 68
c
Talk to a partner. Make sentences with phrases 1-5 and the
ideas in the boxes, or your own ideas.
• you've spilt red wine on your white
shirt
• one of the screws in your glasses keeps
coming out
• you have a pen mark on your jeans
• the heel breaks on one of your shoes
• there's a power cut and you have a
freezer full of food
• you've dropped your phone in the
toilet
• the zip on your suitcase breaks at the
airport
• your car is nearly out of petrol and the
nearest petrol station is 20 km away
• one of your shoelaces breaks while
you're out
1 I think everybody should be able to .. .
2 I hate not being able to .. .
3 I've never been able to.. .
4 I'd love to be able to .. .
5 I hope I'll be able to .. .in a few years' time.
Abilities
Possibilities / Permission
cook a two-course meal
spend more time with your family
change a wheel on a car
travel more
deal with computer problems
use your phone in class
drive
do DIY
dance well
give first aid
work less
J) Responding to other people's
suggestions
That's a good I brilliant idea!
Are you sure that would work?
I suppose that could work.
I think I don't think that would work.
vote at the age of 16
I think everybody should be able to driveJ
(1 don't agree. If you live in a big city, you don't need
\;o be able to drive - you can use public transport.
b Choose the best solution you discussed
in a and write a short paragraph about
it for a blog. Describe the problem and
give instructions for solving it.
g
4 VOCABULARY DIY and repairs,
5 PRONUNCIATION consonant clusters
paraphrasing
a
p Consonant clusters
Some words have three (or even four) consonant
sounds together, and t hese can be difficult to
pronounce. These are common:
Look at the photo of the shop. What kinds of things
does it sell? Do you ever go to shops like this?
in words beginning with scr, spr, or str, e.g. script,
spring, struggle
2 in the middle of a w ord, e.g. sung/asses, describe
3 when you add an -s to a word ending in t wo
consonant sounds, e.g. pounds.
a
G)6.19 Listen and repeat the groups of words.
1 screw screwdriver scream screen string
stress stream straight
2 paintbrush toothbrush electrician handle
3 need les shelves lamps bulbs
b
Practise saying the sentences.
1 I need some screws and a screwdriver.
2 Go straight down the next street.
3 Two electric toothbrushes, please.
4 That's strange - this string's not very strong.
5 Put some new bulbs in the lamps.
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Pronunciation > word stress in
compound nouns
6 LISTENING & SPEAKING
b
G)6.15 Listen to somebody asking about things in
a DIY store. Which two of the four objects above
does he want to buy?
a
c
Listen again and complete the conversation. Then
practise it with a partner.
b Look at the cartoon with the article below. What
A Excuse me.
B Yes, can I help you?
A Yes, p lease. I'm , _ _ __ for some ... Sorry,
I don't know the 2_ _ __ . They're the
3_ _ _ _ that you put into wood. I want to make
some shelves.
B You mean screws?
A Ah, yes, that's it. And I need one more thing. My
4_ _ __ doesn't 5_ _ _ _ . I need a new, er...
B Light bulb?
A Yes, thank you.
B You'll find them both over there, behind the
gardening things.
c
d
G Communication What's it called? A p.1 81
B p.184 Explain what you want to buy to a partner.
e
G p.233 Vocabulary Bank DIY and repairs
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Vocabulary > jobs
Have you ever been to IKEA or similar stores that
sell self-assembly (or flat-pack) furniture? Did you
buy anything there? What?
problem does it show?
Read about IKEA. What information in the article .. .?
shows that IKEA is very popular outside Sweden
2 shows that there are also p roblems with IKEA
It looks so easy at first...
T
he Swedish furniture store Ikea has transformed
homes around the world w ith its cheap, modern,
Scandinavian style. Since it started in 1943, IKEA
has a lso changed the way w e live: one in ten Europeans
now sleeps in an IKEA bed, and its catalogue is in more
homes than a ny other publication, including the Bible
and the complete works of Shakespeare. But along with
the pleasure of inexpensive furn iture is the pain, for
example, the frustrating one-way system used to navigate
the stores, or some of the strange names given to the
products. Most of all, there's the problem of getting the
furniture home and trying to put it together.
ij
d G6.20 Listen to three people describing an experience with
flat-pack furniture. What did they buy? Were they happy with it
in the end?
e
0 VIDEO LISTENING
,I
Listen again. Which speaker... ? There is one item you do not need.
A
didn't have all the parts he/ she needed
B
C
assembled the furniture in the wrong place
had problems understanding what to do
D
E
F
had to take the furniture apart, move it, and reassemb le it
had to return the item to the store
had to take the furniture apart and reassemble it without the
missing pieces
had to get help to assemble the furniture
G
f
7
a
G6.21 Listen to some extracts from the listening and write the
missing words. What do you think they mean?
1 After hours and hours, and a lot of _ _ _ _, I f inally managed to
put it together.
2 So I had to _ _ __ it to _ _ _ _ , move all t he bits into the
bedroom ...
The first flat-pack furniture was
invented by a man from __.
a Sweden b the USA c Japan
2 He originally invented it in order to
make his furniture
a quicker to make b cheaper to sell
c easier to transport
3 He patented the idea in the __.
a 1930s b 1950s c 1970s
4 IKEA started selling flat-pack furniture
__ years later.
a 5 b 10 c 15
5 Today most people have a flatpack __.
a bookcase b kitchen c bed
6 In general, _ _ people are able to
assemble flat-pack furniture.
a very few b not many c most
3 I'm quite - - -~ quite practical, so I thought, 'No problem'...
4 I realized I'd put the door handle on the _ _ __ __ __
round.
5 So now at least it has four legs, but it's rather _ _ __
g Talk to a partner. Have you ever had problems putting
something together (e.g. furniture), setting something up (e.g.
a new router), or mending something that was broken? What
happened? Use the questions below to help you.
Describing a process
4 When and where did you do it?
4 Did anyone help you?
4 How long did it take?
4 What problems d id you have?
4 How successful were you in the end?
You're going to watch a
documentary about the history
of flat-pack furniture. Before you
watch, with a partner, guess the
answers to 1- 6.
b
Watch the documentary once and
check your answers to a.
c
Watch again and answer the
questions.
What two problems does the
presenter say that people talk about?
2 What kind of furniture did Sauder's
company originally make?
3 What did two travelling salesmen do
with one of Sauder's coffee tables?
4 What was Gillis Lundgren having a
problem with?
5 How did he solve the problem?
6 What reasons are given for the
success of flat-pack furniture?
7 What problem does the presenter
have at the end with his bookcase?
0 Go online to watch the video and review the lesson
-
1
GRAMMAR
VOCABULARY
@
a @ the word that is different.
a,b, orc.
1 A W hat 's t his p rogramme?
B I don't know. I've
turned it on.
a already b just c yet
2 We've never been t o Mad rid, but _ _
to Barcelona last year.
a we went b we've been
c we've gone
3 A Shall I make some photocopies?
B No, it's O K - __ t hem.
a I already did b I already have done
c I've already done
4 She's worked here
a for two months b two months ago
c since t wo months
5 Where have you been? _ _ here
since 7.00!
a I'm waiting b I've been waiting
c I've waited
6 How long _ _ to your family?
a is t his farm belonging
b has this farm been belonging
c has this farm belonged
7 The fields are wet. __ recent ly.
a It's raining a lot b It rains a lot
c It's been raining a lot
8 You __ come shopping if you d on't
have time.
a mustn't b don't have to
c needn't to
9 I didn't have any screws, so I __ use
nails instead.
a had to b must to c must
10 You __ pay me back till next week.
a needn't b don't need
c don't have
11 She t hinks I __ sell my car.
a need b ought c should
12 When we're on holiday, __ go
swimming every day.
a we'll can b we'll be able to
c we'll be able
13 She _ _ to come to t he party.
a mig ht not can b might not be able
c mig ht not
14 The exam was hard, but I _ _ pass.
a was able t o b could c could t o
15 He __ be fro m Paris - he doesn't
speak French.
a could b can c can't
1 sheep cow barn hen
2 sitcom documentary
episode reality show
b
3 rope dril l hammer screwdriver
4 knife fork tray spoon
5 mug cup g lass saucer
Complete the words.
1 Can you t._ _ _ _ the TV up? I can't hear it.
2 I find some s_ _ _ _ operas rea lly addictive.
3 Have you seen the weather f _ _ _ _ for tomorrow?
4 I'm not very interested in c._ _ _ _ affairs programmes.
5 I'm watching the b_ _ _ _ set of Breaking Bad at the moment.
c
Write words for the definitions.
1 trees grow these in spring and lose them in autumn _ _ __
2 a small, narrow river _ _ __
3 an area of low land bet ween hills or mountains _ _ __
4 to t ake fru it from th e plant where t hey are growing _ _ __
5 a young sheep _ _ __
d @ the correct word .
1 I'm not tall enough - do you have a hammer I ladder?
2 I can't see anything. Pass me the torch I penknife.
3 Do you have a needle and string I thread?
4 I've lost one of the nails I screws from my glasses.
5 We need to set up/ put up our new computer.
e
Complete the phrases with a verb.
1 _ _ _ _ for the bill
2 _ _ _ _ a t ip
3 _ _ _ _ an order
4 _ _ _ _ a button back on
5 _ _ _ _ a light bulb
PRONUNCIATION
a
Practise the words and sounds.
Consonant sounds
Vowel sounds
~
co mputer
b u ll
up
nose
vase
bag
g irl
leg
b
G p.238-9 Sound Bank Say more words for each sound.
c
What sound in a do the pink letters have in these w ords?
1 drama
2 valley
3 wood
4 knife
yacht
5 bucket
d Underline the stressed syllable.
1 pro!gramme
2 do!culmenltary
3 vijnejgar
4 relcolmmend
5 screwjdrilver
b
CAN YOU understand this text?
a
Read the article once. Choose the best option to
complete the title.
1 do it myself
2 watch a video
3 call my dad
I won't call a
professional.
/'// _ __
"'
(l)
~
(l)
¢:
E:
_g
c
Read the article again and complete the gaps with
the best word or phrase.
1 wasn't able/ didn't want/ didn't use
2 receipts/ results/ recipes
3 lonely/ alone/ only
4 himself/ themselves/ herself
5 because/ so/ although
6 kept/ seen / filmed
7 what / how / when
0 CAN YOU understand these people?
G)6.22 Watch or listen and choose a, b, or c.
,.
A few months ago, I 1_ _ _ _ to open the petrol tank
of my car. When I googled, 'How to open stuck Volvo
petrol tank', the first result was a video clip by a man
called Robert, in Arkansas, USA. Robert demonstrated
exactly how to get into the car and undo the tank from
the inside. The video wasn't great, but it worked.
Every task you can think of now has a step-by-step video
guide on the internet. Siobhan Freegard, who set up the
on line video platform Channel Mum, explains why video
guides are so popular. 'I was in a cafe chatting about
2_ _ __ to a young mother. We both took out our
phones, and I went to the BBC food website to find one.
But she searched on YouTube. For her, a video was easier
than reading.'
Some of the online videos are rubbish. However, you can
find some very useful ones. I've now successfully fixed a
cupboard door, mended some tiles, and unblocked the sink.
I am not 3_ __ _ . A survey by an insurance company
found that for DIY advice, 50% of people go to YouTube
first. Lisa Carney and her husband recently moved to a new
house, and couldn't find reliable professionals, so she went
online and found a site called DIY Doctor. Before long, she
and her husband were doing the jobs 4_ __ _. 'When
I see a video of someone doing a job,' she says, 'I realize I
don't always need to hire a specialist.'
People also turn to the internet because professionals are
not available. William Hall moved house just after Christmas
and on New Year's Eve he discovered that he had a blocked
drain. He knew he wouldn't find anyone to come out that
night, 5_ _ _ _ he watched a DIY Doctor video, which
explained exactly what to do. 'It was hard work,' said
William, 'but it was so satisfying when I finally unblocked it.'
Some online videos have astonishing viewing figures.
Chez Rossi runs a YouTube channel called Ultimate
Handyman, most of which is 6_ _ _ _ in his garage.
Some of his videos have been watched more than a
million times. Rossi earns a couple of thousand pounds a
month from adverts and he even gets recognized in the
street. 'I try to make my videos idiot-proof,' he says. So
next time you don't know 7_ __ _ to do something
around the house, don't call someone. There'll be a video
that explains it all.
Rafael
Melanie
Royce
Julia
Lynn
Rafael sometimes watches
a foreign TV shows
b TV in bed
c more than three hours TV a day
2 Melanie prefers the city to the country because _ _ .
a it's where she's always lived
b she hates it when it's too quiet
c it's more lively
3 Royce gets annoyed when waiters __.
a overcharge him
b ignore him
c are rude t o him
4 Julia doesn't always know how much to tip __.
a waiters
b hairdressers
c taxi drivers
5 Lynn redecorated her bedroom __ .
a on her own
b three years ago
c last weekend
CAN YOU say this in English?
Tick (✓) the box if you can do these things.
Can you ... ?
1
talk about TV series you've watched and how
many episodes you've seen in one go
2
say three things you've been doing rece ntly
3
talk about things you should or shouldn't do when
you're eating out
4
talk about things you are or aren't able to fix in
your home
----------!~-Glossary
si:
drain a pipe that takes away dirty
water or other liquid waste
( ' Go online to watch the video, review Files 5 & 6, and check your progress
)4
Make the customer the hero of your story.
Ann Handley, American market er
and author
What the waiter really thinks
G obligation, necessity, prohibition, advice V at a restaurant
P word pairs with and
1 VOCABULARY at a restaurant
a
Complete the words.
1 m.J.L _g_
6 f _r _
2 o
and
v_n _ g _ _
3 C_
7 n __ k _ _
8 s
_
d __
4
5 s __ v _ _ g
C
d
t and
s ___ n
9 t
h
10 g _ _ _ s
P- - P- b
c " @a,b,orc.
Complete the sentences.
1 I'm hungry! I'm looking forward to a big pl_,,,_
at"'e~ - - of pasta.
2 He always has a b
of cereal for breakfast.
3 I'm looking for a c
to open the wine.
4 Let's ask for a j
mineral water.
of tap water instead of
go shopping?
a dish
~
c meal
2 Take a _ _ and help yourself to some sandwiches.
a course
b meal
c plate
3 Bouillabaisse is a French
5 I'll lay the table for you. Which t _ _ ___ shall I
use - the white one or the blue one?
6 Do you ever make tea in at_ __ __
1 Can you make a list of what _ _ I need to buy when I
or do you
always make it in a mug?
7 Can I have another w_ _ _ __ gl_ _ __ _
p lease? I'm changing from white to red.
8 This kn _ __ _ _ doesn't cut very well. Could you
bring me another one?
9 I'm having the soup to start. Could I have a
sp_ _ _ __ ?
10 I don't like drinking tea out of a mug. I prefer using a
cup and s_ _ __ _
11 I don't think I can carry all these drinks. Can I have a
tr_ _ __ _?
made with fish and
seafood.
a course
b d ish
c food
4 Some friends have invited us round for a __ tonight.
a d ish
b meal
c plate
5 I had soup for a starter and roast lamb for my
main
a course
b food
c plate
d Complete the text with the verbs from the list.
asked for booked carried cleared left
poured ordered recommended sent back
served took tried
1
Some friends recommended
2 PRONUNCIATION word pairs with and
a
bacon
a dish for us to try while
we were on holiday: lobster stew. The restaurant our friends
usually go to was full, so we 2_ _ ______ a table at a
different restaurant. When we arrived, the waiter showed us
to our table, but it hadn't been cleaned. He 3_ _ __ _ _ _
the table for us and 4_ _
Match the words to make word pairs.
b
_Q_
a and fork
2 ice
e-a~
3 knife
c and cream
4 milk
d and lemon
5 strawberries
6 tea
e and biscuits
f and sugar
G6.1 Listen and check. Then listen again and
repeat the phrases .
______ our drinks order.
Then he disappeared for ages. He 5_ _ ______ all the
c
other customers before he brought us our drinks. He
G6.2 Listen and complete the sentences.
1 Can you pass the salt and pepper
6_ _ _ __ _ __ the wine, and we 7_ _ __ _ __ _
our food. When we 8_ _ _ __ _ _ _ the wine, it tasted
, please?
2 Let's have _ _ _ _ _ _ __ for lunch.
like vinegar, so we 9_ _ _ _ _ _ _ it _ _ _ _ __ _
3 Would you like some _ __ _ _ _ _ with
your meal?
and ordered some water instead. Eventually our food arrived.
4 Have you put _ _ _ _ _ _ _ on the salad?
The waiter 10_ _ _ _ _ _ _ the tray with the lobster
5 Would you like a mug or a ________ for
your tea?
stew to our table, but he fell before he reached us. The boiling
hot stew went all over my son's chair - luckily, he was in the
toilets at the time. We 11_ _ _ _ _ _ _ the bill,
d
G6.2 Listen again and repeat the sentences.
12
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ no tip, and almost ran out of
3 GRAMMAR obligation, necessity,
prohibition, advice
the restaurant.
e
Answer the questions about you.
a
What do you put on the table when ...?
1 you're eating alone
Match the highlighted phrases in 1-7 to their
meaning in a-g.
1 You don't have to get a visa if you're an EU citizen. _b__
2 You have to pay for your drinks when the waiter brings
them to your table. _ _
2 you're having lunch with your family
3 You ought to go to the doctor's if you aren't feeling
well.
3 you invite a guest to dinner
5 You needn't take an umbrella. It isn't raining. _ _
4 You shouldn't have a big meal late at night. __
6 You mustn't leave the path when you're walking
around the island. _ _
7 This is a great book - you must read it. __
VOCABULARY FROM READING
Complete the sentences with a word from the list.
overcooked
overworked
lffiaercooked
understaffed
a You're obliged to do it.
b There's no obligation for you to do it.
c It's important to me that you do it.
d It's prohibited.
e It isn't necessary for you to do it.
I sent my chicken back because it was undercooked.
It was still pink in the middle.
f
It's the right thing to do.
g It isn't the right thing to do.
2 The waiter was really _ _ _ _ _ that night because
three other members of staff were ill.
3 My vegetables were _ _ _ _ _ . They were soft,
and they didn't taste of anything.
4 There aren't enough waiters in that restaurant.
They're _ __ _ _
105
06
b " @the correct verbs. In each sentence two are
c
correct and one is wrong.
Complete the second sentence so it means the
same as the first sentence. More than one answer
may be possible.
1 It isn't a good idea to keep takeaway food for a long
time.
You shouldn't keep takeaway food for a long time.
2 In some countries, it's prohibited to make a noise
after 10.00 p.m.
In some countries, you _ __ _ __ _ _ _ __
after 10.00 p.m.
3 Builders are obliged to wear a helmet on a building
site.
Builders _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ on a building
site.
4 It isn't necessary for you to iron your shirt this morning
because I did it last night!
You _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ your shirt this
morning because I did it last night!
5 If you go to that restaurant, it's a good idea to order
the steak.
You _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ if you go to that
restaurant.
6 We aren't obliged to pay any bills because everything
is included in the rent.
I think we _ _ __ _ tell them about the mistake
on the bill. They've forgotten the drinks.
We _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ any b ills because
a must~~
2 The speed limit on this road is 30 kph, so you
_ _ _ _ _ drive faster than that.
b don't have to
a shouldn't
everything is included in the rent.
7 In my country, people are obliged to take old
batteries to a recycling point.
c mustn't
In my country, you _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ to a
3 Service is included in the bil l. We _ _ _ _ _ leave
a tip.
a don't have to
4
b needn't
recycling point.
8 It 's dangerous to let children play with matches.
c mustn't
You _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ with matches.
_ _ _ _ _ call my mum tonight - it's her birthday.
a have to
b must
d
c needn't
5 You _ _ _ _ _ speak badly about other people. It
isn't very nice.
a don't have to
b oughtn't to
c shouldn't
6 You _ _ _ _ _ try the seafood while you're in
Sicily - it's delicious.
a have to
b must
c need
Think about good waiters and waitresses. Write
five sentences using the modal verbs in A . Use the
ideas in B or your own ideas.
A have to
b must
They should be friendly.
c needed to
2
3
4
5
(
0 Go online for more practice )
need to
ought to
B appearance customer service
personality skills
7 My neighbour _ _ _ _ _ take her son to the
doctor's last night.
a had to
must
should
mistakes
If you want a thing done well, do it yourself.
·Do it yourself
G can, could, and be able to
Napoleon Bonaparte, 19th century
Emperor of the French
V DIY and repairs, paraphrasing
1 GRAMMAR can, could, and be able to
b
a @the correct form. Tick (✓) if both are
correct.
P consonant clusters
Rewrite the highlighted sentences using the
correct form of can or be able to. If both forms are
possible, write two sentences.
Is it OK if I close the window? I'm real ly cold.
Can I close the window?
2 It isn't possible for me to come to the party. I'll be on
holiday.
I can't come to the party. I I won't be able to come
to the party.
3 Is it OK if I sit here? It's the only free seat.
4 It hasn't been possible for me to reply sooner. I've
been very busy.
5 It wasn't possible for her to finish the meal. There was
too much food .
6 They're staying in a self-catering apartment. They
want to have the possibility of cooking t heir own
meals.
7 I'm sure that isn't John. He's on holiday.
My mother could I was able to sew really well
when she was younger.
✓
8 We're delighted that it is possible for us to come to
dinner. We're looking forward to it.
2 You need to can ~ f o rget your
personal problems when you're at work.
9 I love having the possibility of getting up late in the
holidays. I usually start work at eight o'clock.
3 Everyone in the office is able to I can use the
new software program.
4 If it's nice this evening, we can I we'll be able to
have a barbecue.
10 We managed to book a room with a sea view. It was
the last one available.
5 £30 for a salad and a mineral water? That can't I
isn't able to be right!
6 If your brother's restaurant was nearer, we could I
would be able to go more often .
7 To work for this company, you must can I
c
Answer the questions about you.
What could you do really well as a child?
be able to speak three languages.
8 We're really sorry we couldn't I weren't able to
2 What couldn't you do?
come to your party.
9 I've never could I been able to dance very well,
3 What can you do rea lly well now?
but I'd love to learn.
10 Can you I Will you be able to pick me up at the
airport?
4 What can't you do?
11 They wouldn't give me a refund for the top, but
5 What would you like to be able to do in the future?
I could I was able to change it for a new one.
12 I hate not can I not being able to read a menu
when I'm abroad.
107
2 VOCABULARY DIY and repairs, paraphrasing
a
Complete the crossword.
b Complete the conversations.
1 A This lamp isn't working.
B Hang on. I'll change the light
bulb
4
2
6
A It's very dark outside.
B Don't worry. I'll take a t
3 A How do you lock this door?
B You have to pull the h
4 A I need to light the candles.
B There's ab
of
m
in the drawer.
10
11
13
up.
12
5 A I've bought some wrapping paper for
Mary's present.
B Great! Do we have any S
?
14
15
16
6 A I need to stick this photo on my
application form.
B OK. Here's the gl
ACROSS ➔
It's a tool with two shaped ends that you use for
tightening or loosening small pieces of metal called nuts.
5 It's a tool with a heavy metal head that you use for
hitting nails.
6 It's a long thin piece of metal that can carry electric
currents or you use to tie things.
8 It's something you use to climb up, e.g. to paint a ceiling.
9 It's an object you could use to stop people from opening
a gate.
11 It's an object you use for carrying water.
13 It's a tool you use for tightening screws.
16 It's a tool you use for making holes.
DOWN .,i..
2 It's a thing you might need to buy if you want to make a
piece of furniture, e.g. a table, some shelves, etc.
3 They're made of metal and you can put them in a wall to
hang pictures on.
4 They're used to build walls.
7 It's what you use to put paint on, e.g. a wall.
10 They're made of metal and you can use them to fix two
things together.
12 It's what you turn to let water out of a pipe.
14 It's a kind of very thick strong string that you use for
tying or lifting heavy things.
15 They're things you can use to cover the bathroom wall.
7 A How wide is our bedroom window?
B I don't know. Use the t
m
8 A I want to put up this poster.
B OK. Here are some dr
p
9 A How can I tie up this parcel?
B Why don't you use a piece of
str
10 A This plug doesn't work.
B Oh. You might need to change the
f
11 A Do you have any scissors?
B No, but you can use my p
12 A Can you sew on this button?
B OK, but I'll need a n
thr
and
c
Look at the photos. What are the people doing? Complete
the sentences with the present continuous form of a verb
from the list. Use contractions.
VOCABULARY FROM READING
~ t h e correct word.
1 How long will it take for my skin t o S /
applythe cream?
change drill mend put together
put up set up sew stick ti€
2 The museum has removed the painting
because they're going to seal/ restore it.
3 If your boots get wet, stuff/ crumple them
with newspaper to help them dry more
quickly.
4 Can you restore I rub my back for me?
It's hurting again.
5 Don't forget to absorb I seal the envelope
before you post the letter.
6 Apply I Keep away a layer of sunscreen
every two hours when you're out in the sun.
7 Don't forget to rub I rinse your hair really
well when you've used the shampoo.
8 To light a fire quickly, crumple I restore
some pieces of newspaper into a ball and
put them under the wood.
9 Keep away I Place from the edge of the
cliff - you might fall.
They 're p utting up
2 She
10 Place I Stuff the decorations carefully on
top of the cake.
some shelves.
her shoelace.
3 She
a hole in the wall.
4 He
the handle on.
5 She
6 They
7 He
8 They
9 He
a button on a shirt.
a tyre.
a home cinema system.
a cupboard.
a vase.
d Answer the questions about you.
1 Who does the DIY in your house?
3 PRONUNCIATION
2 Which DIY jobs can th is person do?
consonant clusters
a
e6.3 Listen and write the sentences.
3 Have you ever made a piece of furniture? Why/ Why not?
The new shelves aren't straight.
2
4 Which tools do you know how to use? Which would you never
use?
3
4
5
5 What things are there in a 'useful things' drawer in your house?
6
b e6.3 Listen and check. Then listen
again and repeat the sentences.
( t) Go online for more practice) ( C, Go online to check your progress )
109
Cut it in half
What shall I and throw it
do with my old
away.
credit card?
Take your cash
@ua;+;+;a,n V cash machines; phrasal verbs QPbffl
1 VOCABULARY cash machines
a
Look at the message on the screen below. What are
the missing words? How do you feel when you see this
message? What do you do?
b Read the text and answer the questions.
1 Why did John Shepherd-Barron come up with the idea of a
cash machine?
2 Why do we usua lly have a four-digit PIN and not a six-digit one?
3 How much money could you take out of the first cash machines?
4 What things does the text say you can do at a cash machine
nowadays? Can you think of any other things?
I Welcome to your ATM
ver fifty years ago, on 27th June 1967, the world's first ATM
(Automated Teller Machine) was opened at a branch of
Barclays Bank in north London. Today, we think nothing of
stepping up to a hole in the wall when we need cash, but until the
late 1960s, banks were only open until 3.30 p.m. John ShepherdBarron, Managing Director of a banknote manufacturer, found his
bank was closed when he needed some money. In the bath later
that evening, he came up with the idea of something similar to a
chocolate bar vending machine, with cash replacing the chocolate.
Within days, Barclays agreed to create the first cash machines.
Shepherd-Barron, a former soldier, suggested a six-figure personal
identification number, based on his army number. But his wife
Caroline said she could only remember four digits, so he settled
on the four-digit PIN we use today. The first cashpoint only allowed
the customers to take out £10 at a time, in £1 notes. Nowadays,
you can do many other things at an ATM, for example, print a bank
statement, or top up your phone, and new machines will even allow
customers to print digital photos.
O
~
·;;;
.0
Q)
:;:
-"'
C:
(\)
co
f
(\)
co
Q)
-:5
c
Look at screen instructions 1- 9 telling you
how to take money out of a cash machine.
Match each screen to its meaning.
A Choose 'Withdraw cash' from the main menu.
B Decide if you want a receipt, and press YES
or NO.
C Choose the language you want.
D Take your card out of the machine.
E Choose or key in the amount of money you
want to take out. Then press ENTER.
F Put your card into the machine.
G Key in your four-digit PIN. Then press ENTER.
H Choose the bank account you want to use.
I Take your money out of the machine
within 30 seconds.
d
~ 7.1 Listen and check.
e
Match the formal words from the
screens to their synonyms.
1
2
3
4
5
insert
enter
select
withdraw
remove
a key in
b choose
C put in
d take out
e take money out of a
bank account
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Vocabulary > banking
How to use an ATM
to withdraw cash
2 LISTENING & SPEAKING
a
.. 2 Listen to two true news stories about ATMs
and look at the pictures. What did each machine
give out? Did both the stories have a happy ending?
b
Listen again and answer the questions about each
story.
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Story 1
1 What happened when people heard about the machine?
2 How many people used the machine and for how long?
3 What kind of people were they?
4 Why did some people become aggressive?
5 What did the police do?
6 What did the bank say?
Story 2
1 What was the man doing when he locked himself in?
2 What did he leave in his van?
3 Why was this a problem?
4 How did he try to get help?
5 What did customers think at first?
6 What did the police do?
c
Look at two extracts from the stories. Why do
you think the villager and the man 'asked not to
be named'?
Story 1: 'One villager, who asked not to be named, said
that some people had used five or six bank cards and
had got £300 free with each card.'
Story 2: 'A man, who asked not to be named, had locked
himself in.'
d
Talk to a partner.
1 How often do you use cash machines? What do you
use them for?
2 Have you ever had a problem with a cash machine?
What happened? What did you do?
3 If a cash machine gave you more money than you
asked for, what would you do?
"3 VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR phrasal verbs
a @ the phrasal verb which you can't use with the bold
noun.
1 give away
2 close down
3 look for
4 throw away
5 grow up
settle down
switch off
try on
set up
put t ogether
take out
turn up
look round
take out
take apart
some money
the TV
a sweater
some rubbish
a bookcase
e
Listen to the sentences . Make
a second sentence with a phrasal verb
from the list and a pronoun (it, me, or
them).
f ill in pay back pick up put away
switch off t ry on turn dow n turn up
b
G p.234 Vocabulary Bank Phrasal verbs
1 ) You owe me mane
c
Read the sentences in groups 1-4 and tick(✓) the one(s)
where the word order is correct.
SPEAKING
He gave it away.
He gave away it.
Answer the questions with a partner.
Give background information, and
details or examples where you can.
2 We asked for the bill.
We asked the bill for.
We asked for it.
We asked it for.
(1 /en some mm<=:,,., my u -· "er
3 She got up early.
She got early up.
She early got up.
He gave away his money.
He gave his money away.
4 I'm looking forward to my holiday.
I'm looking forward my holiday to.
I'm looking forward to it.
I'm looking forward it to.
d
0 p.216 Grammar Bank 7A
4 PRONUNCIATION linking
~ Lir,lri
g
Remember that when a word ends with a consonant and the
next word begins with a vowel, the words are linked together
and pronounced like one word.
If the final consonant is w, a /w/ sound is pronounced
between the two words, e.g. throw,_jt is pronounced
/0r:.mw1t/.
a
The machine says 'Insert your card '.
Your shoes are really dirty.
Waiter, I can't finish this steak.
This chicken's past its sell-by date.
The rubbish is beginning t o smell.
It's probably on Wikipedia.
b
79 Listen and check.
C
7.1
a Takejt,out.
b Th row,)t,away.
C Put_,it,in.
d Ta ke,_.)t,away.
e Look,...)t,up.
f Take them..._,off.
Listen and repeat a-f, linking the words.
Work with a partner. A cover a- f. B say a sentence from 1-6.
A say a response from a-f from memory. Then swap roles .
fevv
l.,Tonths ago because
Have you ever
lent money to
someone? Did they
pay you back?
Have you ever tried
to do something
and given up?
What was it? Why
did you give up?
Do you think it's
possible today for
couples to live on
one salary?
Why (not)?
When you
started school (or
university), did you
find it difficult to
fit in?
What would you do if a friend borrowed
your tablet, but it didn't work when he or
she gave it back?
If someone offered
to take you out
for a meal to a
restaurant of your
choice, where
would you go?
Have you ever left
something on a bus
or train, or in a taxi?
Did you ever get it
back?
Who do you take
after most in your
fam ily? In what
way?
Is there a new
hobby or sport
you'd really like to
take up? Will you
ever do it?
When you get a
missed call, do
you call back
immediately, later,
or not at all?
When was the last
time you gave
something away?
Who to? Why?
Match 1-6 to a- f .
1
2
3
4
5
6
d
(Jay me back.
6 READING
a
Look at six ways of spending money.
Which three do you think would
make you happiest? Compare with
a partner.
•
•
•
•
•
•
b
c
Now read an article about Grayden Reece-Smith. Why did he
decide not to work for a charity? Do you think it was a sensible
choice?
going on a luxurious holiday
buying a birthday present for a friend
giving a donation to charity
paying off your credit card b ill
buying yourself some new clothes
giving a few coins to a homeless
person
Read a short article about the
relationship between money and
happiness. According to research,
which three things in a will make you
happiest? Why?
W
orking for a big financial company in London on a six-figure salary,
you might expect Grayden Reece-Smith to 1 , going on expensive
holidays or driving a sports car around south London, where he lives. In fact,
the 28-year-old lives a very different existence from his colleagues. He 2
a figure that he calculated he could comfortably live on.
Over the past five years, Reece-Smith has handed over more than
£250,000 to organizations such as International Care Ministries, which
3
, and the Against Malaria Foundation. He is part of a growing number
of young professionals described as 'effective altruists'. Effective altruists
typically donate regularly to a charity which they think will have a significant
impact. Some 4 to make more money, which can then be given away.
Reece-Smith considered working in the charity sector after graduating
from university, but calculated that he could make a bigger difference by
donating a large part of his salary. He had 5 at a school in Tanzania, but
then realized that earning and giving would be more effective. 'The cost of
my flights there could have paid the salaries of two teachers for an entire
year,' he says. Instead, he could 'stay at home, living a nice life and still 6
He is not frugal - last year he went to Cuba on holiday, and 7 . But his
1
lifestyle isn't as luxurious as some of the people he works with.
~
'I tend not to buy supermarket-branded food products, but I don't 8 . Other _g
people on my salary might have a bigger house. Some of my colleagues have
four-bedroom houses, but we only bought what we needed - a two-bedroom
flat. £42,000 is more than enough to live on and still save,' he says.
Can money buy
you happiness?
According to research, it seems that it
can. But what makes us really happy is
not buying ourselves the latest iPhone,
it's spending our money on other people.
In a study of the link between money
and happiness, researchers from Zurich
University divided 50 people into two
groups. The first group was asked to plan
how to spend 25 Swiss francs a week on
gifts or outings for other people, and the
second group was asked to plan how to
spend the same amount of money on
themselves. The people in the first group
increased their happiness more than the
group who planned to buy themselves
treats. Spending on ourselves, it turns
out, doesn't make us nearly as happy as
giving to other people. Other studies in
which people have been given envelopes of
money to spend show that those who spent
some of it on a gift, or gave some to charity,
felt happier than those who spent it on
something for themselves or on a bill they
needed to pay. A study of young children
found that even toddlers felt happier giving
rather than getting treats. And the best
news is that you don't have to give a lot of
money away to feel the benefits.
Glossary
treat (noun) sth very pleasant and enjoyable
d
Read the article again and complete it with verb phrases A-H.
A change careers
B gives away everything he
earns over £42,000
C have an extravagant lifestyle
D helps poor families in the
Philippines
e
E make a huge difference in the
world
F own a car
G spent several thousand
pounds on a new sofa
H volunteered as a teacher
8 Communication Giving it away A p.182 B p.185 Read about
two more people who give money away and tell your partner
about them.
f
Which of the three stories did you find the most inspiring? Have
you ever helped to raise money for a good cause? What was it
for? Did raising the money make you happy?
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Listening
G
Go online to review the lesson
Shall we go out or stay in?
No. I prefer
Do you
spending time
enjoy going with my friends
to clubs?
at home.
1'@41·1·€1HiH?J V live entertainment
a
VOCABULARY live entertainment
2 PRONUNCIATION homographs
Talk t o a partner.
a
1 How often do you go to live events, e.g. concerts, the theatre,
sporting events, etc.?
2 What was the last live event you went to?
3 Where are the best places to go for live entertainment in your
(nearest) town / city?
b
,.L, Listen t o conversations 1- 3. Match them t o the
events below. Are the people talking before, during, or
after the event?
a concert
C
a sporting event
Look at the list of words related to live entertainment and
listen again. Who says each word, speaker 1, 2, or 3?
box Qffice
performance
d
a play
crowd
half-time
stadium
stage
interval
matinee
stalls/ circle
Write the words from c in the correct column. Then add
t hese words to the chart.
arena audience curtain extra time fans final wh istle
OQQQnent plot Q[Qgramme row scene score
spectators :tickets
Sport ing event
e
a
Play, musical, or concert
Both
Listen and check. Then listen and repeat t he words
in each column.
SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for ext ra Vocabulary and Pronunciation > places to do
sport; initial /s/
Listen and repeat the sentences.
What do the highlighted words mean
in each sentence? Which two pairs of
words are pronounced differently?
1 a We went to a live concert last weekend.
b We live next t o t he concert hall.
2 a We're massive fans of Ed Sheeran.
b The air conditioning has broken, so
we've bought two electric fans.
3 a We sat in t he back row, so we couldn't
hear very well.
b After t he concert, we had a terrible row.
4 a We had really good seats for the play we were right next t o the stage.
b My son is at a stage of life where all he's
interested in is his phone.
b Read the information box. What kind of
homograph is each pair of words in a?
• Ii ..,, gr.: I
1 Some words in English are spelled
and pro nounced exactly t he same,
but have d ifferent meanings, e.g.
stalls (a p lace where people sit in
t he t heatre, tables where people
sell things in a market), park (a green
area in a town, to leave your car
somewhere).
2 A few words are spelled t he same,
but pronounced d ifferently and have
different meanings, e.g. bow /bau/
(to put your head down, e.g. at
t he end of a concert o r play when
p eople are clapping), but bow /boo/
(a weapon that you use to shoot an
arrow).
c
Match the pairs of r:11eanings to the words from the list.
bear
close
lie
minute
second
SPEAKING & WRITING
a
w ind
1 a (verb) the opposite of open, b (adj) a synonym for near
2 a (noun) a 60th part of a minute, b the ordinal number from two
3 a (noun) air that moves quickly, b (verb) to t urn a knob or handle
round several times to make something work, e.g. a watch or toy
4 a (adj) tiny, very smal l, b (noun) a 60th part of an hour
5 a (verb) accept and deal with sth unpleasant, b (noun) a heavy
wi ld animal with th ick fur and sharp claws
6 a (verb) say sth which is not true, b (verb) put yourself in a
horizontal position, e.g. in bed
d
You're going to tell a partner about a
live event you went to (a concert, play,
sporting event, or other). Read the
prompts and think about what you're
going to say.
~
1
1s:- Listen and check. In which three pairs of words is the
pronunciation different?
what the
_t"--~1,$ PUBti;;,:~m
event was
\ .
' ~-1t..,
.
-......;.;_, ~ -
when and
where it took
place
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
• • • • •• . ...
who you
went with
Go online for extra Pronunciation > more homographs
..
3 LISTENING
a
how you got
the tickets
Do you prefer going to see a concert or a sporting event live
or watching it on TV? Why? Think about the following things.
atmosphere comfort noise people
performance safety weather
b
your seats
-,- 6 You're going to
listen to three people
talking about a live
event they went to
which they didn't enjoy.
Listen to the beginning
of each story. What
event did each person
go to? Where did it take
place?
c
if it was worth
the money
o Now listen to the three stories again and tick (✓) two
people for each question.
7.
Who ...?
Andy
Cathy
t he
performance
or match
.•
each person in b might not have enjoyed the event. Then
listen to the rest of the stories. What went wrong? Did you
predict any of the reasons correctly?
d
••••••••····
whether you
enjoyed it or
not and why
717 With a partner, think of all the possible reasons why
...
what you did
afterwards
Clive
1 went in the evening
2 had good seats
3 went to an outdoor event
b
Now work in pairs. Tell each other about
the event you went to. Would you like to
have gone to your partner's event?
c
Write a description of the event you
talked about in a, or another event. Use
the prompts in a to help you.
4 went with a family member
5 waited for a long time for something
to happen
e
Which of the three experiences do you think was the most
frustrating? Why?
r-.:,;;.
\~. .~
·~u•vft . \'i~.
~
5
GRAMMAR verb patterns
a
Complete the sentences with the correct
form of the verbs in brackets (infinitive,
to + infinitive, or verb + -ing).
READING
;
If a friend asked me _ _ _ _ to a classical
music concert, I think I'd _ _ _ _ no. (go, say)
2 I love _ _ _ _ films in 3D - they're much
better than ordinary ones. (watch)
3 My parents didn't use to let me _ _ __
out late during the week when I was young.
They wanted me _ _ _ _ my evenings
_ _ _ _ . (stay, spend, study)
4 I hate _ _ _ _ to clubs. I don't like
_ _ _ _ in places where there are lots of
p eople and noise. (go, be)
5 I never feel like _ _ __ out on New Year's
Eve. I prefer _ _ __ in . (go, stay)
7. C,. Listen and check. Then with a
partner, say if the sentences in a are true for
you or not, and why.
c
(D p.217 Grammar Bank 7B
d
Complete the sentences with a verb phrase
so that they are true for you.
1 I'd like to be able to afford ...
2 At weekends, I often spend a long time .. .
3 When I was young, my parents made me .. .
4 I don't really like housework, but I don't mind ...
5 When I leave the house in the morning,
I sometimes forget ...
6 When I'm away from home, I really miss ...
7 Next summer, I'm planning ...
8 When I'm with friends, I really enjoy...
e
Compare your sentences with a partner.
Are any of them the same?
a
Match the five games from the box to the type of
game they are. Have you ever played any of them?
Candy Crush
Dungeons and Dragons
Poker
Scrabble
Sudoku
b
C
'
board game
brain-training game
card game
role-playing game
video game
"
I'
7 t...J Listen and check.
Read the first part of an article about board games.
What is unusual about the Thirsty Meeples cafe?
Where does its name come from?
A different kind of social network
t's a bright Thursday morning in Oxford and the Thirsty
Meeples cafe is a buzz of activity. As I, my wife, and two
sons sit at a sunny window table, the assistant, Gareth,
introduces himself and recommends some games. First,
05 he suggests Forbidden Desert. 'You have crash-landed in a
desert,' explains Gareth. 'You have to find all the pieces of a
flying ship in order to escape.' Next, he suggests Small World,
in which wizards, giants, and humans with special powers
battle for land in a world that's too small for them all. Last, he
10 recommends Citadels, a game where you compete to become
the King's Master Builder by building a medieval city. We
choose Citadels. As we play, next to us Eveline, a 30-year-old
Dutch university teacher, is playing Ticket to Ride with her
Belgian husband, Roger - they are racing against each other to
1s build railway tracks across Europe. Two teenagers play Sushi
Go!, a card game where they have to create sushi dishes. What
has drawn all these different people here, from serious gamers
to families? Eveline thinks she has the answer. She looks
around at the other customers and at the library of games on
20 the shelves. 'I would say it's the original social network.'
I
Thirsty Meeples's name comes from the combination of
'meeples', the pieces that board gamers play with, and wanting
a drink. It is one of a growing number of board game shops and
cafes popping up all over the UK, inspired by their growing
25 popularity in the USA.
d
Ici
Read the first part again and look at the photos of the
games. In which game, A-E, do players have to ...?
1
2
3
4
5
try to get an important job
make a t ransport network across a continent
fight others to get more living space
make something to eat
get out of somewhere after an accident
.. r,:
~
'
~.
,
~
,
f
Read the second part again. With a
partner, explain in your own words what
these phrases mean.
1 it is thriving 1.30
2 young professional couples 1.34
3 rather tha n going out to the pub /.36
4 much wider appeal /.42
5 one of t he biggest factors 1.51
6 not just staring at screens /.63
7 in the real world 1.66
g
e
Now read the second part of the article. What are the three
main reasons why board games have become so popular?
30
7 SPEAKING
a
Peter Wooding, a former punk rocker, opened
a board game shop called Ore's Nest in
Covent Garden, London, in 1987. For the first
few years, the shop hardly made any money
at all, but over 30 years later, it is thriving.
Wooding says that one of the reasons for
its success is that the games and players
are very different from 30 years ago. Today,
they are young professional couples, who
35
like the idea of playing a game with friends
and having a few drinks, rather than going out to the
pub. Another reason is that there are also far
more women playing games. Wooding
says the game Pandemic, where players
40 must collaborate to control global
diseases, and whose main character is a
female scientist, has had a huge influence.
'Much wider appeal,' says Wooding. 'More
friendly.' Pandemic is an example of
45 the newer, less aggressive games, with
themes like farming or landscape building.
One such game, Catan, in which players
have to buy and sell natural resources to
build roads and new cities, has sold more than
so 22 million copies in 30 languages.
At Thirsty Meeples in Oxford, I talk
to ow ners John and Zuzi Morgan.
What's Zuzi's explanation for the trend?
'There's so much technology,' she says.
'Everybody's busy and you want to bring
people back together in a way that's not
just staring at screens. It's a natural thing
65 in people. We are supposed to be together and communicating
with each other in the real world.'
Adapted from The Guardian
What do you like doing with friends in
your free time? Tick (✓) or cross (X) the
activities and add one more option in
each list.
If you go out
• eat ing at a favourite
restaurant
• going to see
the latest film
at the cinema
• watching a live
sports event
• going to a
concert, play,
or show
• chatting in a cafe or
bar
• going to a club
•
If you stay in • playing board games
or video games
The growth of the video games industry has, perhaps
surprisingly, also been one of the biggest factors in the new
popularity of board games, largely because they have made playing
games such a normal thing for adults to do. Everyone has at least
ss one game on their phone, and more people are open to the idea of
playing a game than ever before. Social media has also provided an
easy way for people to recommend new games to each other.
You connect with
people across the
60
table. It's a very
human thing.
Matt Leacoc1t
creator o -.:>a 1demic
Which games in the article would you
most like to try? Can you suggest any
other good games?
• watching a film
or a box set
together
• cooking and having
a meal together
• getting a
takeaway
• watching sport
on TV
• listening to
music and
chatting
•
b
Compare your list in small groups. Say
why you like / don't like doing each of
the activities.
C
Think about the last time you spent an
evening with friends. What did you do?
Compare with a partner.
U
Go online to review the lesson
Practical English Is it a clue?
talking ab out house rules
1
0 ROB GETS INVOLVED
a
Q)7.24 Watch or listen
to Jenny, Luke, and Rob
talking about Henry's
disappearance. What are
two possible clues they
notice in the video?
b
Watch or listen again.
Mark the sentences
T (true) or F (false).
Correct the F sentences.
Rob thinks they should ask the police for help.
2 Rob and Luke agree that they shouldn't give the laptop to
the criminals.
b
3 Rob noticed something strange about how his father looked.
4 The phrase that real ly surprises Rob is 'his old dad'.
5 He doesn't know how to interpret the clue.
6 Rob has booked a flight to the UK.
7 Jenny is going to go back to Henry's house.
What do you think the clues might mean? Who do you think Simon is?
2
a
0 TALKING ABOUT HOUSE RULES
Q)7.25 Watch or listen to Luke telling Jenny about the rules
in his house. Complete Rules for guests. Why does he ask
her to move her car?
Rules for guests
1 This is a no-_ _ __
house.
2 Don't cook
in the fridge.
or leave _ __ _ products
3 If you need to use the internet, the
_ _ __ for the wi-fi is lukeandsimonrule.
4 If you use the washing machine,
please use the _ __ _ _ _ __
detergents in the cupboard.
22.
5 Please help us save energy - don't use
a _ __ _ water programme.
6 There isn't a _ _ _ _ . Hang your
clothes on the _ _ __
_ __ _ instead.
ECOVER
Read the conversation between Luke
and Jenny. Can you remember any of
the missing words? Watch or listen again
and check.
It's a great location, and the rent
is cheap, but Simon can be a bit
difficult.
Jenny Oh, right.
Luke He's got a few rules. After all, it is
his house.
Jenny That's fine.
Luke To start with, it's a no-smoking
house.
Jenny Great.
Luke And he's a strict vegetarian so
_ _ _ _ _ __ _ cook meat
or leave meat products in the
fridge.
Je nny Uh huh.
Luke He just fee ls really strongly about
not eating 2_ _ __
Jenny That's not a 3_ _ __
Luke What about you? Is there 4_ _ _ _
you need?
Jenny There is one thing - could I
_ __ _ my phone to your w i-fi?
Luke 6_ _ _ __The 7_ _ _ _ is
lukeandsimonrule, all lower case, all
one word.
Jenny Got it.
Luke Anything a_ _ __ ?
Jenny Yeah. I have some clothes I need to
wash. Is it 9_ _ _ _ if I use your
washing machine?
Luke Of 10_ _ _ _ you can. But Simon
prefers us to use the eco-friendly
detergents. There's some in the
cupboard.
Luke
c
Jenny Cool.
Luke Oh, and you 11 _ _ _ _ use a hot
water programme. He's very keen
on saving energy.
Jenny OK, and 12_ _ _ _ you
_ __ _ if I use your dryer too?
Luke 13_ __ _ , we don't have one,
but you can hang it out on the
washing line.
Jenny Great. Is there 14_ _ _ _ else
I 1s_ __ _ know?
Luke No, I don't think 16_ _ __ - oh!
You should probably move your car.
Jenny I guess Simon doesn't like cars
either.
Luke Well no, but it's not that. We know
the kidnappers have been watching
us, right? They might see it and
recognize us.
Jenny You're right. I'll move it right away.
Luke Look, I'll come w ith you and we can
get a coffee. There's a nice cafe
round the corner.
Jenny Th anks, Luke.
c
G7.26 Watch or listen and repeat the
highlighted phrases. Copy the rhythm
and intonation.
d
Practise the conversation in b with a
partner.
e
8 Communication Renting a room
b
Watch or listen again and answer the questions.
1 Who is more optimistic at the beginning, Jenny or Luke?
2 Has Rob managed to get a flight to London? Why (not)?
3 What does Rob think the words 'old man' might refer to?
4 What does he think Luke and Jenny need to do?
5 How are they going to get to the house?
6 Why does Luke know the back way well?
What do you think will happen when they go to the house?
p British and American English
flashlight= American English
c
Look at the Social English phrases. Can you remember any
of the missing words?
•
Social English
1 Jenny
2 Jenny
3 Jenny
4 Rob
5 Rob
It's all _ _ _ _ a mess.
I hope
. I just don't know.
Any _ _ _ _ ?
I know, but I'll _ _ _ _ trying.
I've been thinking about Dad's message.
That 'old man' _ _ __
6 Jenny Did you _ _ _ _ that?
d
G7.28 Watch or listen and complete the phrases. Then
watch or listen again and repeat.
e
-
Complete conversations A-F with Social English phrases
1-6. Then practise them with a partner.
- -
A
--- -- - -
- -- - -
3
0 TAKING A RISK
C
a
G7.27 W atch or listen to Jenny and
B
- --
- --
- --
-
------,f - - - - - - - --
We need to
-
- --
-
-
So what's his address? 241 Willow Road, Flat 3, SW7 2TM.
- - --
E
- - - - - --- ---
Th at was my sister on the
How's it going with the new
phone. boyfriend?
No, can you give me the
postcode again, please?
D
-
What do you want to talk
'family argument'
to Jim about? agree what to do.
A p.181 B p.186. Role-play two
conversations.
Luke discussing the situation with Rob.
Where are they going to go tonight?
Why?
torch = British English
+ - -
- - -
--
-
-
-
- - - - - - -- -
Why don't we go for a Yes, let's do that.
walk? It's
lovely day.
I don't think I'll ever be You have to
able to play this music. It's succeed.
just too difficult.
In the end you'll
Do you think you'll pass
I've had loads of lessons and I've
your driving test? been practising a lot, too.
--- -- - -- - _______l__ - - - - - - - - - - - - -
F
CAN YOU ...?
ask about t he rules in a house
explain the rules in a house
suggest and agree on a plan of action
Go online to watch the video, review the lesson, and check your progress
I don't want to make money.
I w ant to make a difference.
Lady Gaga, American singer
Take your cash
MiUMiidfl!I V cash machines; phrasal verbs •l¼i814-!
1 VOCABULARY cash machines
a
Complete the instructions with the words from
the list.
2 VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
phrasal verbs
a
account amount cash enter ffiSert
receipt remove select withdraw
Complete the phrasal verbs in the sentences
with a particle from the list.
away
back
off (x2)
on
out
If you won the lottery, how much money would
you give away
to friends and family?
Tips for using a
2 When do you think you'll be able to pay _ _ _ t he
money you borrowed from me last month?
cash machine
3 None of my cousins have a job; they all live
_ __ my aunt.
1 Insert
your card into the machine.
2 _ __ __
your language.
4 Wait here. I'm going to take _ _ _ some money
before we go into the restaurant.
3
your PIN.
5 My salary isn't enough for us to live _ __
4 Select a transaction, e.g. _ _ __ _ cash.
6 I'm hoping to pay _ _ _ our mortgage by t he t ime
we retire.
5 Select the _ __ _ _ type.
6 Select or enter the _ __ _ _
7 _ __ _ _ your card.
b
Complete the phrasal verbs in the conversations
with a verb from the list.
8 Take your _ _ _ __
9 Only print a _ _ _ __ if you need one.
•
be (x2)
1
call
get
give
put
ftl-Ft
take
A What would you do if a big dog ran towards you?
B I'd run
away. I'm really scared of dogs.
2 A What shall we do with our o ld washing machine?
B They'll _ __ _ _ it away when they bring the
new one.
3 A Are you going out?
B Yes, but I'll _ _ _ _ _ back in an hour.
4 A How long will the car be in the garage?
B We'll _ __ __ it back on Friday.
b Replace the bold words with a formal word
from a.
Make sure nobody is watching when you key in your
number. .,.e"'n...,te
"' ..,.r_ __
2 There's a limit to th e amount of money you can
take out each day. _ _ _ __
3 It's a good idea to check you can remember your PIN
before you put in your card. _ _ __ _
4 If you choose the wrong transaction, you can usually
go back and start again. _ _ __ _
5 M ost machines don't give you your cash unt il you
take out your card. _ __ __
5 A Do you know where my blue shirt is?
B Yes - I _ _ _ _ _ it away in your wardrobe.
6 A Can I speak to Grace, please?
B She isn't in. Can you _ _ _ _ _
back later?
7 A Can I borrow your keys? I can't find mine.
B Yes, but remember to _ __ _ _ them back.
8 A Is your girlfriend at home?
B No, she'll _ __ _ _ away until Sunday night.
c
Complete the conver_sations with a phrasal verb
from the list.
d
Complete the sentences with the words in
brackets in the correct order.
My boyfriend picked m e up
when I arrived. (me picked up)
take after take apart take off (x2)
take on take out take over take up
from the station
2 I've bought a home cinema system, but I don't know
how to _ _ __ _ __ . (up it set)
3 Shall I get the bill, or have you just _ __ _ __ __ ?
(for it asked)
4 Your music is too loud. Can you _ _ _ __ _ __,
please? (down it turn)
5 I can't find my car keys. Can you help
me _ __ __ _ _ ? (for them look)
6 I'm really busy. Can you _ _ _ __ _ __ later?
(back call me)
7 We're going to a concert tonight. We're
rea lly _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . (forward it looking to)
8 I've bought a new p icture. Can you help
me _ __ _ __ _? (it put up)
e
Rewrite the highlighted phrases using a pronoun.
Change the word order if necessary.
I don't get on with my boyfriend's mother.
g et on with her
2 Do you mind if I switch on the lights?
1 A Come in and take off
Would you like a coffee?
B Yes, p lease. I'd love one.
your coat.
3 Please can you take out the rubbish?
4 He's going out w ith my friend's sister.
2 A How many job vacancies are there?
B They want to
20 new
employees.
5 I'd send back that steak - it's burnt.
3 A How are you planning to get f it?
B I'm going to
aerobics.
6 I've been looking after my friend's children.
7 Can you ask for the bill?
4 A Who are you most similar to in your family?
B I
the same.
my gran. We even look
8 Why don't you try on those shorts?
5 A What are you doing for your husband's birthday?
B I'm going to
him
for
9 Al ice is going to move in with her boyfriend next
mont h.
dinner.
10 I'm going to throw away all my old magazines.
6 A Why are you worried about your job?
B I've heard that a bigger company is trying to
ours.
7 A Which terminal are you flying from?
B I'm not sure. Domestic flights
from Terminal 3, don't they?
8 A Why isn't this clock working?
B No idea, Let's
look inside.
it
and
121
f
Complete the text with the phrasal verbs from the
list. If there is an object in brackets, put it in the
correct position .
3 PRONUNCIATION linking
a
get on with ~ look after look for
move back move in w ith pay off settle down
tak-e-a+tef went out w ith
Rewrite the phrases with a pronoun. Change
the word order if necessary.
1 throw away that cheese
throw it away
2 put away your shoes
3 switch the computer off
4 fi ll in the form
5 give away my old phone
6 put up the mirror
b G7.1 Listen and check. Then listen again and
repeat the phrases.
c
I was born in Bristol in the south-west of England, and that's where I
1 grew up
.There are five of us in my family: my parents,
my brother and sister, and me. I'm closest to my dad, and everyone
says I 2 take after him
(him) because we have the same sense
of humour. I'm very fond of my mum and my brother and sister and
I 3_ _ __ __ __ (them) very well. My sister has two young
children.and I sometimes 4_ _ __ _ ___ (them) so that she
and my brother-in law can go out in the evening.
I left Bristol when I was 18 to go to university in Exeter. In my
first year, I lived in a hall of residence, and I made three wonderful
friends. In my second year, I 5_ _ __ __ _ _ (them) we lived in a lovely old house near the city centre. I took out
a student loan while I was at university, and I'm hoping to
6_ _ _ __ __ _ (it) before I retire!
When I finished university, I 7_ _ __ __ _ _ (a job)
in Exeter, and I was lucky enough to find one very quickly.
I met my husband at work, and I 8_ _ _ __ ___ (him)
for about three years before we got married.We decided to
9_ __ __ _ __ together in Exeter because it's a great place
to live and raise a family. I often visit my friends and family in Bristol,
but I don't think I'll ever 10_ __ __ ___ there.
2
G7.2 Listen and complete the sentences.
1 If the chi ldren are still asleep, wake them up
2 If you like Anna, _ _ __ _ _ __
3 If you wa nt to remember the word, _ __ _ __ __
4 If you want to watch the TV, _ _ __ __ _ _
5 If you don't know the answer, _ _ __ _ _ _ _
g Write a paragraph about your life. Use at least six
of the phrasal verbs in f.
(
0 Go online for more practice)
6 If you don't want that coat, _ _ _ _ _ __ _
d G7.2 Listen again and repeat the sentences.
Shall we go out or stay in?
A good film is when the price of the
dinner, the cinema admission, and
the babysitter were worth it.
Alfred Hitchcock, British film director
(cfJ91·1·€1■1311Fi V live entertainment tlel·idi·I·iiE
1 VOCABULARY live entertainment
a " @ the correct word.
b
Read the definitions and write the words.
a large building, usually with no roof, where people
can sit and watch sport
stad ium
2 a person who plays against somebody
opp_ _ _ __
3 the place where the tickets for a play are sold
b _ _ _ _ _ O _ _ __ _
4 the number of points that somebody gets in a game
SC_ _ _ __
5 the piece of cloth that covers the front of the stage
c._ __ __
6 t he sound a referee makes that indicates the end of a
football match
f_ __ __
wh _ _ _ __
7 an afternoon performance of a play
m _ _ _ __
8 an additional playing period at the end of a match
ex_ _ _ __
t _ __ _ _
9 the piece of paper that allows you to attend a play or
sporting event
t _ __ _ _
10 the seats nearest the front of a cinema or t heatre on
the ground floor
Everybody in the basketballs/ stage was silent
before he scored the winning points.
2 The audience I crowd liked the play so much that they
all stood up and clapped when it finished .
3 The players left the pitch at the interval I half-time.
4 The spectators I fans cheered loudly when the band
came on.
st_ _ __ _
11 a person who is watching an event, especially a
sports event
sp _ _ _ __
12 a platform in a theatre on which actors, dancers, etc.,
perform
st._ __ _ _
5 We were given a plot I programme as we entered
the theatre.
6 The f irst performance I scene of the play is set in an
old castle.
7 The only seats left were upstairs in the stalls I circle.
8 We had an excellent view of the stage, even though
we were sitting in the back row/ line.
9 The actor's brilliant stage I performance in the film
won him an Oscar.
10 There was a short interval I half-time in the middle of
the concert.
11
I didn't enjoy that play- I couldn't follow the plot I
scene at all.
12 A spectator I crowd of about 30,000 people attended
the concert.
123
c
Complete the paragraphs with words from a and b.
2 PRONUNCIATION homographs
a
G7.3 Listen and complete the sentences.
A Midsummer
Night's Dream
The last play I saw was Shakespeare's A Midsummer
Night's Dream. It was on at our local theatre. There was
a 1 performance on Saturday and Sunday evening, but
we went to the 2_ __ __ at two o'clock on Sunday
afternoon. We bought our tickets at the 3_ _ _ __ before
we went in. It's a very simple theatre, so most of the seats are
on the ground floor in the 4_ __ __ . There are only a
few rows of seats in the 5_ _ _ _ _ upstairs. There was
a young man selling 6_ _ _ __ at the door. The actors
were all children, so the 7_ _ _ _ _ was made up of their
families and friends. The parents were sitting in the front
8_ _ _ _ _, so we sat further back where we still had a
good view of the 9_ _ __ _. The play was in two parts
and there was a short 10_ _ _ _ _ after about an hour.
It followed the basic 11_ _ _ _ _ of the original play,
but each actor played three different characters. When the
12_ __ __ went up, there was a clothes rail at the side
of the stage with all their costumes. The actors came on
wearing black leggings and black T-shirts. At the start of each
new 13_ __ __ , they put on a skirt or a jacket over the
black clothes to show which character they were playing. It
was an original idea and it worked really well!
·. -:.·:..:•·
""'
{•
8
Ji
4\
I ~\
1 a A panda is a kind of =
b=e=
a,....
r _ __
b I can't ,,,,b""'
e,.,_ar'----- cold weather.
_ S_
2 a Please
the door when you leave.
b The stadium is
to the station.
3 a _ _ _ __ on your back and close your eyes.
b Is it ever OK to tell a _ _ _ _ _?
4 a You only need to cook this pasta for
a_ _ _ _ _
b This writing is _ _ __ _ - I can't read it.
5 a Their
child was born last month.
b They won the match in the last _ __ __
6 a My watch has stopped. I forgot to _ __ _ _
it.
b The _ _ __ _ has blown down a tree.
b G7.3 Listen again. Are the missing words
pronounced the same or differently? Write S
(same) or D (differently).
3 GRAMMAR verb patterns
a ' @ the correct form.
1 My friends enjoy to dance I dance ~ , so they
go clubbing every weekend.
2 I forgot to book I book I booking a table, and when
we got to the restaurant it was full.
3 We'll have to get a taxi because I can't to start/ start /
starting the car.
My Spanish cousins are 14_ _ __ _ of Atletico Madrid,
and the last time I visited them they took me to a match.
The team's 15_ __ _ _ that day were Getafe and the
match was at the Alfonso Perez 16_ __ _ _ in Getafe.
My cousins booked the 17_ _ __ _ for the match online.
There was quite a large 18
were about 15,000
19
at the match - there
. Atletico Madrid were the
best team in the first 45 minutes and at 20_ _ _ __
_ _ _ __ they were winning 1- 0. Getafe played better
in the second half, but Atletico Madrid still won. The
21 _ _ __ _ was 2-1 when the referee blew the
22_ __ __ after five minutes of 23_ _ __ _
4
4 It's difficult to get up/ get up I getting up early after
a late night.
5 My sister hates not to see I not see I not seeing her
boyfriend during the week.
6 To go I Go I Going to concerts can be very
expensive.
7 We decided not to cook I not cook I not cooking last
night and we ate out instead.
8 You must to wear I wear I wearing a suit if you want to
make a good impression at your interview.
9 Amy is having a party to celebrate I celebrate I
celebrating her birthday.
10 I'm fed up with to watch I watch I watching TV. Let's
play cards instead.
b Complete the sentences with the correct form of
d
a verb from the list. Use infinitive with to, infinitive
without to, or gerund.
be buy
not have
enjoy get changed
not see st eal taik
Complete the questions with the correct form of
the verbs in brackets.
look aft er
walk
After they got home, they kept on =ta=l=ki~n.,,.g_ _ _ __
until three o'clock in the morning.
2 I don't mind _ _ _ _ _ ___ the children tonight
so that you can go out.
3 Susan can't afford _ __ _ __ __ a ticket for the
Rihanna concert.
4 He pretended _ __ _ __ _ us because he
didn't want to talk to us.
5 Don't wait up for me - I might
home late.
6 I ended up
missed the last bus.
home because I'd
7 I hate
a car - I had to sell mine
because I couldn't afford it.
8 I suppose we ought
out tonight.
before we go
9 The man denied
although it was found in his flat.
2 Do you prefer _ _ _ __
Why? (do / watch)
?
sport or _ _ __ _
it?
my handbag,
3 Are there any new plays or films that you recommend
_ _ _ __ ? Why? (see)
the play as much
4 If you went to the theatre, would you choose
_ _ _ _ _ in the stalls or in the circle? Why? (sit)
Complete the second sentence so it has a similar
meaning to the first sentence. Use the past simple
form of the verb in brackets and a pronoun.
5 Have you ever planned _ __ _ _ to a live event
which was cancelled? What happened? (go)
10 I didn't expect
as I did.
c
Which sport do you most enj oy watching
Why? (watch)
6 Have you arranged _ _ _ _ _ to a live event in the
next few months? Which event? When? (go)
'Go on! Please go to the party,' my friend said.
(persuade)
7 Have you ever forgotten _ _ _ __
an event? What happened? (take)
My friend persuaded me to go to the party.
8 Which singer or band would you most like
_ _ __ _ ? Why? (see)
2 'Can you help with the dishes, please?' Tom said to
his daughter. (want)
9 Have you given up _ _ _ __
hobbies recently? (do)
He _ __ _ __ __ w ith the dishes.
3 'You should apply for a promotion.' Sarah's boss said
to her. (tel l)
10 Where can you _ _ __ _
you live? (see)
Sarah's boss _ __ _ _ ___ a promotion.
4 'Would you mind decorating the living room?' Mike's
wife said to him. (ask)
Mike's w ife _ _ _ __ _ __ the living room.
5 'Stop!' the police officer shouted at us. (order)
your tickets to
e
any sports or
films in English where
Answer the questions in d about you.
2 _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _
3
The police officer _ __ _ __ __
6 'Would you like to come for dinner?' we asked our
neighbours. (invite)
We _ __ __ ___ for dinner.
4 - -- --
-
- - - - - - -- -- --
-
-
5
6
7 'You can stay out until 1.00 a.m.,' said Dan's parents.
(allow)
7
8 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ __ __ _ _ __
Dan's parents _ _ __ _ __ _ until 1.00 a.m.
8 'You should rest for a few days,' my doctor said. (advise)
The doctor _ __ _ _ _ __ for a few days.
9 _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
10 - --
- - - - - - - -- -- - - - - - -
(0 Go online for more practice) ( & Go online to check your progress )
125
Practical English Is it a clue?
talking about house rules
1 TALKING ABOUT HOUSE RULES
a
Complete the phrases with a word from the list.
2 SOCIAL ENGLISH
a
1 Any
anything connect cook course else have mind
mustn't need OK problem start think word
1 Is there anything
2 Could I
3 Anything
4 you can't
5 I don't
6 Do you
7 to
8 Of
9 you
I should know?
my laptop
?
meat
b
_d__
a a mess.
2 Did you
b business?
3 I hope
c get that?
4 I'll keep
5 It's all such
6 that parking
d news?
e so.
f trying.
Complete the conversations with the phrases in a.
so.
if
1
A What about your interview? Aay news?
with,
B I didn't get the job.
you can.
A That's disappointing.
B I know, but _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _
use
10 That's not a
11 We don't
one
12 is it
if I use
13 all lower case, all one
14 Is there anything you
b
Match 1-6 to a-f to make Social English phrases.
2 A Go straight on, take the f irst road on
?
Complete the conversations with the phrases in a.
A 1/s there anything I should know? Are there any
house rules?
B Well, 2_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ it's a no-smoking house.
A 3
. I don't smoke.
B Secondly, we're all vegetarians, so 4_ _ __ _ _
or leave meat products in the fridge.
A OK. 5_ _ _ _ _ __
B No, 6_ __ _ _ __ _ 7_ _ _ _ _ __ _
A There is one thing. 8_ _ _ _ _ __ _ to your
wi-fi?
B Sure. The password's 'home', 9_ _ _ _ _ _ __
A Thanks. And 10_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ your washing
machine?
B 11_ __ _ __ __ The detergent is under the
sink.
A Right.
B Oh, we're trying to save energy, so
12_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a hot water programme.
A That's fine. 13_ _ __ ____ I use your dryer,
too?
B Sorry. 14_ _ _ _ __ _ _
A Oh, OK. Is there a washing line?
practise the Practical English p
your right and then the second on your
left.
B Yes, first right and second left.
A Do you think you'll be able to find it?
B
3 A Have you spoken to your neighbours since
the argument about
B Not yet.
A I know, but you must talk to them about it.
Can you remember...? 1-7
-
-
- L
1 GRAMMAR
..
-
--
-
.....
4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY
Comple te t he second sentence so it has a similar
meaning to the first sentence. Write 3- 5 words.
Use the word in brackets.
Read the article."@a, b, or c.
Zach has no money, so he can't buy his own flat. (afford)
Zach _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ his own flat.
2 Would you like to see what that shirt looks like? (try)
Would you like _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ that shirt?
3 Swimming in the lake is prohibited. (mustn't)
_ _ _ _ __ __ __
in the lake.
4 Clare and Debbie met a long time ago. (known)
Clare and Debbie _ __ _ __ _ __ _ years.
5 Our mortgage is paid, so this house is ours. (belongs)
We've paid our mortgage, so this house
6 There's nothing to eat. I need to go shopping. (anything)
If I don't go shopping, we _ __ _ _ _ __ __
to eat.
2 VOCABULARY
@the word that is different.
1 background
centre
foreground
2 professor
thesis
tutor
3 back up
be on
switch off
4 hammer
light bulb
5 cup
6 key in
glass
knife
put in
landscape
undergraduate
turn over
screwdriver
spanner
mug
take off
take out
3 PRONUNCIATION
@ t h e word with a different sound.
~ phone 1 close-up raincoat rope score
~ o wl
~ snake
~ zebra
/1z/
2 crowd
3 cups
pouch
forks
4 batteries
show
p lates
lectures
towel
spoons
references
st ones
5 bushes headphones lenses pieces
In the USA, it's becoming more and more common
for people to host house concerts. A house concert
is a live 1__ by musicians in somebody's private
home. The first step in organizing one is to agree
2
the artist which date to hold the event.
Once that has been decided, the host can send
out invitations to the people he or she wants to
3__ the concert. On the big day, he or she must
make sure there are enough chairs for everyone
to sit on. Of course, the host always sits in the
front 4__! When the musicians arrive, they have
to set 5_ _ their equipment. House concerts are
good 6_ _ everybody concerned for a number of
reasons. First of all, the hosts 7__ to listen to
their favourite band in the comfort of 8_ _ home.
Secondly, the 9__ has a more personal concert
experience, as the guests can talk to the musicians
during the evening. Finally, the musicians have a
night off from worrying 10__ money because they
know they're being paid for the concert.
1 a
2 a
3 a
4 a
5 a
6 a
7 a
8 a
9 a
10 a
arena
about
attend
circle
down
about
are able
our own
audience
about
b performance
b on
b come
b row
b off
b at
b can
b their own
b fans
b for
C
stage
C
with
C
go
C
stalls
C
up
C
for
C
is able
C
your own
C
spectators
C
of
( C, Go online to check your progress )
127
I love your
nails! Where
did you have
them done?
Treat yourself
G have something done
V looking after yourself
At that nail
bar near my
office.
P sentence stress
1 GRAMMAR have something done
a
Look at the photos. Who ...?
2
3
4
is cutting his hair
is having his hair cut
is doing her nails
is having her nails done
5
6
7
8
are painting their flat
are having their flat painted
is taking a photo
is having her photo taken
b
0 p.218 Grammar Bank SA
c
Cover the sentences in a and say what's happening in each photo.
3 VOCABULARY & LISTENING
looking after yourself
a
Have you ever had any of these
hairstyles? Would you like to have
any of them?
b
G p.235 Vocabulary Bank Looking
2 PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING sentence stress
a
CJ,8.2 Listen and repeat the sentences. Copy the rhythm. Then
say if any of them are true for you.
1 I had my hair cut last week.
2 I usually have my food shopping delivered.
3 I ought to have my eyes tested.
4 I'm going to have my flat repainted soon.
5 I hate having my photo taken.
b Ask and answer the questions with a partner. Give more
a0
information where you can.
Do you ever...? How often?
Have you ever...?
have your hair dyed
had clothes made for you
have your clothes dry-cleaned
had your bedroom
redecorated
have your passport or ID card renewed
have your car washed
have prints made of your digital photos
had your photo taken by a
professional photographer
had your fortune told
have takeaway food delivered
SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Pronunciation > silent vowels
after yourself Do Part 1.
c
You're going to listen to an interview with Dino Karveli,
a hairdresser. First, in pairs, read the interview questions and
guess the missing words.
4 SPEAKING
a
What do you think the phrase
'to have a bad hair day' means?
Have you had one recently?
DINO KARVELI
is a hairdresser in
London. His parents
are Greek, and
he came to live in
London in 1990.
He has been
working as
a hairdresser
since 1993.
Q What made you 1_ _ _ _ hairdressing?
Q What sort of 2_ _ _ _ did you do?
Q What sort of things do you 3_ __ _ or 4_ _ _ _ doing in
hairdressing?
Q
What do you think are important 5_ _ _ _ for a hairdresser?
Q Are 6_ __ _ clients very different from 7
?
Q What do you do if a client doesn't like the 8
?
Q Have you ever had a really bad 9_ _ _ _?
Q
Is it true that hairdressers always want to 10_ _ _ _ off more hair
than their clients want?
Q If you completely 11 _ _ _ _ w ith what a client wanted, would
b Ask and answer the questions with
a partner.
Which hairstyles are very popular at
the moment for a) men, b) women?
How long have you had your current
hairstyle o r colour? What w as your
hair like before?
you still do it?
Q Do you have any 12_ _ __
for having good hair?
What's the best or worst haircut
you 've ever had?
d Q)8.4 Listen and check.
e
Q)8.5 Now listen to the whole interview. Mark the sent ences
T (true} or F (false}. Correct the F sentences.
1 Dino's father was a ba rber in Greece.
2 W hen he came to the UK, he t rained with Vidal Sassoon for t wo years.
3 He d oes a wide vari et y of hair treat ments.
4 He thinks it's important for hairdressers to be good listeners.
5 He thinks men get just as stressed abo ut th eir hair as wo men.
6 It's d ifficu lt to f ix a mistake in hair co lo ur.
7 A wom an once g ot very upset with him because he cut her hair
very short.
8 Hairdressers often think a client's hair need s to be cut mo re.
9 Dino would never say no to a client's request.
10 He thinks t o have good hair, you need t o go to a g ood haird resser.
f
Do you usually go to the same hairdresser? Do you think he/
she would agree with what Dino says? Do you think it's true that
women care more about their hair than men?
Is there a hairstyle you would never
have?
Do you know anyone (friends, family,
celebrities) who has really great or
real ly terrible hair? What's it like?
Do you think having a good hairstyle
is important? Why (not)?
mJ
5 VOCABULARY looking after
6 READING & LISTENING
yourself
a
Look at the advert for a spa and gym.
Would you like to go there? Do you have
any similar places near where you live?
WOMEN LOVE THEM.
CAN MEN ENJOY THEM TOO?
Our 1,200 m 2 Wellbeing Centre
offers you everything you need to
recharge your mind and body.
• The spa area has a Large pool, a hammam,
and massage room s offering a variety
of treatment s for t he body, facia l s, and
manicures and pedicures. The whole area is
beautifully illuminated, wit h relaxing music,
aromas, and gentle Lighting.
The Sunday Times decided to find out. Tw o of their journalists,
Joanna Duckworth and Stephen Bleach, went to spend a day at
a health spa and try out the treatments. These are some of the
treatments they had:
• The gym has t he most
advanced fitness
equ ipment and a spacious
aerobics studio. Yoga, t'ai
chi, and Pilates classes
are also offered, either
individually or in groups.
KANEBO KAI ZEN FACIAL
BANANA, PAPAYA, AND STRAWBERRY BODY POLISH
c
Read the introduction to the article. Why did the journalists
go to the spa? Which treatments do you think a) Joanna,
b) Stephen will like best?
b
Read about the facial. Why did Stephen score the treatment
only 4/10? Why did Joanna give it 9/10?
c
after yourself Do Parts 2 and 3.
G)8.8 You're going to listen to Stephen and Joanna talking
after two more treatments. First, listen to some extracts
and write the missing words. Which comments are positive
and which are negative?
If you went to the Wellbeing Centre in a
for a day, what would you choose t o do
and why?
1 It was hot and - - - ~ and incredibly _ _ _ _
2 A nd the head massage was _ __ _
3 _ __ _ _ __ _ the t ime and money.
4 Areal _ __ _
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for ext ra Vocabulary > healthy food
"'
:,
Vl
(I)
a
G p.235 Vocabulary Bank Looking
~
1)
C:
Leaves your skin feeling smooth and hydrated. Includes head massage.
..s:
I40 minutes.
E
_ _ __ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ __ _g
Pedicure and foot massage. 55 minutes.
b
E
>,
ELEMIS FOOT TREATMENT
• The Lounge and bar area offers a healthy
assortment of all-organic snacks and juices.
"'
(I)
Deep intensive cleaning with face and neck massage. 1 h r 40 minutes.
cl
(I)
a.
"'
cl
<(
7 SPEAKING
THE FACIAL
a
Look at the categories below. In pairs, add more ways of
looking after yourself to each category. Then try to agree
on the three things that you think are the most important.
STEPHEN
Laura, the therapist, started by suggesting five
different products for me to use every morning,
and five more at night. I was shocked - it normally
only takes me a minute to wash my face in soap
and water in the morning. The actual treatment
took nearly two hours. Laura used 12 different
creams and things on my skin and I was very
bored indeed. Afterwards, I had to admit my face
felt quite different: it was much smoother and
quite shiny. But I'm not sure I liked it. I don't think
smooth and shiny is a good look for me.
boosting
your
brainpower
walking,
e.g. to work
using sunscreen
reading (books/
newspapers, etc.)
(;es, but going to the gym regularly is better exercise.
b Read the ideas below about encouraging healthy eating in
The therapist told me that the treatment would
last nearly two hours. Total bliss! But I knew
Stephen would be bored, and we weren't having
lunch until after the session, so he wouldn't be
able to relax. He's terrible when he's hungry. I had
more processes (exfoliation, cleansing, masks,
massages, more masks, more massages) than I
ever thought possible for a facial, and I enjoyed
every second.
My score: 9 / 10. My skin felt fantastic, really
healthy, and afterwards, I was completely relaxed.
schools. Which ideas do you think would work best?
• Offer all children a healthy breakfast at school.
• Make all pupils and teachers eat school lunches together.
• Produce a free recipe book of easy meals to encourage parents
not to buy ready-meals.
•
•
•
•
c
d ~8.9 Now listen to them talking and
complete the chart.
Stephen
The body
polish
being
healthy
I think it's really important to walk a little bit every dayJ
My score: 4 / 10. Quite nice, but it went on forever.
JOANNA
keeping
fit
Set up classes to teach children how to cook cheap, healthy meals.
Ban machines selling sweets, crisps, or soft drinks in schools.
Provide free, healthy snacks such as fresh fruit or cereal bars.
Stop fast food restaurants opening near schools.
You're going to create and present a campaign to help
young people to eat healthily. In groups of three, plan your
campaign:
Choose three main proposals for the campaign. Use some of
the ideas in b, or your own ideas.
Joanna
2 Think of a name for your campaign. Decide why your
campaign is important.
Score
out of 10
3 Think of reasons why people should support your campaign.
Reasons
d
The foot
t reatment
Score
out of 10
Reasons
e
Did you predict correctly in a which
treatments Joanna and Stephen would
like best? Which of the three treatments
do you think you would enjoy the most?
f
Do you know anyone who has health
and beauty treatments regularly? How
important do you think it is to look after
a) your face and skin, b) your hair, c) your
hands and feet?
a
SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Listening
In your groups, decide what each person is going to say.
Then practise presenting to each other. Use the language
from the Presenting a campaign box.
J) Presenting a campaign
Our campaign is called...
We think this campaign is vital because ...
Recent research suggests that. ..
Our plan has three main proposals. Firstly..., Secondly..., Lastly. ..
We think you should support our campaign because.. .
e
Present your campaign to the class, and listen to the other
groups. Have a class vote to choose the best campaign.
~
Our campaign is called 'Cook at school'. We think this campaign
s vita/ because nowadays, many young people and their parents
don't know how to cook real food ...
(a
Go online to review the lesson )
I
Where was
the Duke of
Wellington
buried?
Sites and sights
In St Paul's
cathedral - his
tomb is in the
crypt.
@ll=1·€?i1Ni V wars and battles, historic buildings P silent consonants
1 GRAMMAR the passive
a
Read the History Quiz questions and check you
understand them. Then do the quiz in small
groups.
2 READING & VOCABULARY
wars and battles
a
Look at the photos and label 1-5 with words from
the list. What do you think is happening?
b
Read the information on p.133 from a website
about the Battle of Hastings. Were you right about
what was happening in the photos in a? Then
match 1-5 on the map to the places from the list.
-~q1WZ
Napoleon was defeated in the battle of
Waterloo. Where is Waterloo?
a Belgium b France c England
2 Whose fleet was attacked in Pearl Harbor
in 1941?
a the British fleet b the Japanese fleet
c the American fleet
3 Which city, which had been divided by a wall
for 28 years, was reunified in 1989?
a Belfast b Berlin c Sarajevo
4 Which city has a church which was started in
1882 and is still being built?
a Barcelona b Florence c Paris
5 Which city, which according to legend fought
a famous war against Greece, has never been
located for certain?
a Atlantis b Timbuktu c Troy
Which pre-Columbian city was built by the
Mayans between 750 and 900 AD?
a Machu Picchu b Chichen Itza c Tenochtitlan
7 Which American president was assassinated
while he was being driven through Dallas in 1963?
a Gerald Ford b John F Kennedy c Richard Nixon
8 Which city had to be evacuated in 1986
after a catastrophic nuclear accident?
a Chernobyl b Fukushima c Pripyat
b ~8.10 Listen and check.
c
Underline all the examples of the passive in the
quiz questions. What form of the passive are they?
d
0 p.219 Grammar Bank 8B
e
In pairs, write three questions for a History Quiz
about your country. Ask the class your questions.
Bat tle
N orway
Bayeux
Hastings
Stamford Bridge
I VISIT I ABOUT us I SUPPORT us I LEARN I SHOP I JOIN I Cl
THE BATTLE THAT CHANGED ENGLAND'S HISTORY
Every year, on 14th October, a famous battle is re-enacted
on the exact site where the original battle took place. Over
600 people dress up in period costumes and bring the story of an
I Ith century battle to life. The Battle of Hastings, which was fought
in I 066, is one of the best-known events of English history, when
William of Normandy defeated the army of King Harold of England.
This marked the end of the Anglo-Saxon era and the beginning of
Norman rule.
The English army immediately travelled south. On 13th October,
after covering 275 miles, they arrived exhausted near Hastings, and
on the morning of 14th, the two armies met in a field about 7 miles
north-west of the town. Each army had between 5,000 and 7,000
men. They had similar armour and weapons, but William had
over 2,000 cavalry, whereas the English fought on foot. William
also had archers with powerful bows.
1066 was a turbulent year for England. King Harold had succeeded
his brother-in-law, Edward, as King of England, but he was being
attacked by others
1 •
who wanted to rule
the country - the
2
King of Norway,
and Duke William of
,.a,/ .
Normandy (in what
/ 1-'Seo
.orth
is now France). The
Norwegians
invaded
ENGLAND
./
in the north, and
/ ' FRANCE
were defeated by the
ENGLAND
Nor mandy
English army at the
•
" - - - C, L..,-==-- ---=::::::::::==.i
battle of Stamford
London
~
3
Bridge on 25th
Sussex ••
September, but soon
4
after, the Normans
FRANCE
landed in Sussex on
anl'le\
the south coast, and
English Ch
made their camp
near the small seaside
5
town of Hastings.
Normandy
•
c
Read the information again. Number the
events in chronological order.
d
Battle Abbey was built.
Battle Abbey was destroyed.
Harold became King of England.
The battle lasted all day. The English soldiers used their shields to
protect themselves against the Normans' arrows, but gradually the
Normans gained control, and in the last attack, King Harold was
killed. The English lost the battle, and on Christmas Day, William
of Normandy was crowned King of England. He later became
known as William the Conqueror.
In I 071, King William built an abbey on the site where the battle
had taken place, as a memorial to all those who had died. Although
no relics of the battle have ever been found there, we have very
strong evidence that it took place, because an enormous tapestry
was made - nearly 70 metres long - showing the story of the
battle. This tapestry, which was completed in about I 077, is
known as the Bayeux tapestry, and it has been kept in France for
nearly 1,000 years. It can be visited in a museum in the town of
Bayeux, Normandy.
William's abbey was called Battle Abbey, and the town that grew
up nearby was also called Battle. The whole of the town would
once have been part of the battlefield; for example, Harold's
soldiers almost certainly retreated up what is currently Battle high
street. Although the abbey was destroyed by King Henry VIII in
the 16th century, the ruins and the battlefield remain one of the
most atmospheric historical sites in Britain today.
Look at the highlighted verbs related to wars and
battles. Which one is irregular? What is the infinitive?
Guess their meaning from the context.
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Vocabulary> history and conflict
King Harold was killed.
The Bayeux tapestry was finished.
The Battle of Hastings was fought between the
English and the Normans.
The Normans landed in Sussex.
3 SPEAKING
a
Talk to a partner.
1 Have you ever visited a famous historical site? Where?
When? What happened there?
2 In your country, are there any famous historical events that
are re-enacted? Have you ever watched or taken part in one?
The town of Battle was named after the battle
that took place there.
The Norwegians attacked the north of England.
William became King of England.
b
(9 Communication Local history A p.182 B p.186
Role-play being a tourist and ask your partner about
the history of your local area.
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4 VOCABULARY & PRONUNCIATION
historic buildings; silent consonants
a
5 LISTENING
a
Complete the names of five historic British
buildings with a word from the list.
Abbey
Castle
Cathedral
Palace
Read about St Paul's Cathedral in London and
look at the photos. What famous event took place
here in 1981? Do you know anything else about
the cathedral?
Tower
When you come to St Paul's,
we hope to give you a visit
you will remember. With
-~
your sightseeing ticket, you "'
can walk in the footsteps
'"iii
of royalty on the Cathedral
floor, climb the dome to try ~
the unique acoustics of the -"'
:5
Whispering Gallery, go even ~
higher to enjoy some of the v;
most spectacular views over -£
E
London, or head down to
0
~
the crypt where our nation's 1
heroes are buried. Guided
15.
1
tours available on request.
<l::
St Paul's
1
1l
Q)
b
Q)S.14 Listen to extracts from a guided tour of St
Paul's Cathedral. Follow the route and number the
places the guide talks about 1-6.
of London
b
Q)S.12 Listen and check. Which are the two
oldest buildings?
c
Read the definitions for parts of a building. Then
look at all the photos on p.134-5. Which things
can you see?
aisle /ail/ a side passage between rows of seats in a
church or theatre
column /'kol;:inl/ a tall, solid, vertical post, usually round
and made of stone
crypt /knpt/ a room under the floor of a church, used
especially in the past for burying people
dome /daum/ a round roof with a circular base
~llery /'grel;n-i/ a raised platform along the inner wall of
a building
nave /new/ the long central part of a church where most
of the seats are
tomb /tu:m/ a large grave, especially one built of stone
above or below th e ground
d Which consonants are not pronounced in these
words? Cross them out.
aisle
e
castle
column
tomb
Q)B.13 Listen and write five sentences which
include common words with silent consonants.
Be careful with your spelling!
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Pronunciation > silent consonants
North
Quire Aisle
•
•
--ai-. •
•
-~~ •
High
Altar
South
1--.:=a-- - Quire
Aisle
Nave •
- ~~ -so~h
• •
Aisle
6 SPEAKING & WRITING
a
Tell a partner about a famous building you've
visited. Use the questions to help you and add
your own ideas. Include any interesting details or
anecdotes that you can remember.
A FAMOUS BUILDING
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
b
Where is it?
When was it built?
What was it used for originally?
What is it used for now?
What did you learn about it while you were there?
How long did you spend there?
How much did you have to pay to visit it?
Would you recommend visiting it?
G p.193 Writing Describing a building Write a
description for a tourism website of a building in
your town or country.
7
c
G)S.15 Now listen to the first part of the tour and
complete the notes.
The West Door and the Nave
• The previous church burned down in 1_ _ _~ in
the Great 2_ _ _ _ of3_ _ __
• The new 4_ _ _ __ _ _ was designed by Sir
5_ __ _ _ _ Wren.
• The doors are 6_ _ _ _ metres tall and are only
opened when, e.g. the 7_ __ _ vIsIts.
• The Nave is a good place to see the 8_ _ _ _
_ _ __ of the cathedral.
d
a
sentences T (true) or F (false).
Correct the F sentences.
The first G lobe Theatre was built by the Lord
Chamberlain's Men in 1599.
2 The first theatre burned down in 1630.
3 It was rebuilt, but the second theatre also burned down.
4 Sam Wanamaker was not allowed t o act in the USA.
5 He wanted to rebuild the Globe in Shakespeare's
birth place, Stratford-upon-Avon.
6 Everyone encouraged him to go ahead w ith his plan
to reconstruct the Globe.
7 He died in the same year as t he Globe opened.
• 8 The indoor theatre is named after Sam Wanamaker.
The Dome
• the cross
• the height of the Dome
• something that was true until the 1960s
The South Transept
• Horatio Nelson
c
The Crypt
• the famous people in the tombs
• the Latin words on Wren's tomb
Would you like to do the tour of St Paul's
Cathedral? Are there any other historic buildings
in London that you would like to visit?
Watch some extracts from the documentary. Then,
with a partner, say what the bold words mean.
1 And it has a thatched roof...
2 He was shocked when all he found was a dirty old
plaque.
3 There are 857 seats in the stalls, and 700 people can
stand in the pit ...
4 All the lighting is provided by candlelight.
The Whispering Gallery
• the number of steps you have to climb
• the reason the gallery gets its name
e
Watch a documentary about
the Globe Theatre. Who
was Sam Wanamaker? Why
did he decide to rebuild the
Globe Theatre?
b Watch again. Mark the
G)8.16 Now listen to the rest of the guided tour.
Pause after each area and take notes. What does
the guide say about these people and things?
The South Quire Aisle
• the statue of John Donne
0 VIDEO LISTENING
d
Have you ever seen a Shakespeare play? Where
did you see it? Was it in your language or in
English? Did you enjoy it?
0 Go online to watch the video and review the lesson
GRAMMAR
VOCABULARY
@
a
a,b,orc.
1 I didn't know the answer, so I __
online.
a looked up it b looked it up
c looked up
2 Tim's upset - he __ last night.
a broke up with Anna
b broke with Anna up
c broke Anna up
3 He really doesn't get _ _ .
a on with his family b on his family
c on his family with
4 My new shoes don't fit. I need to _ _ .
a take back b take back them
c take them back
5 They decided _ _ to a concert.
a to go b go c going
6 You should __ more careful.
a to be b be c being
7 Please don't keep __ that noise.
a to make b make c making
8 He wanted
him.
a me help b me to help c that I help
9 My mother never used to let me _ _
late.
a to stay out b stay out
c staying out
b
1 I tried to _ _ _ _ out some cash, but the ATM was out of order.
2 She _ _ _ _ away all her old clothes to the charity shop.
3 I lent him some money, but he never _ _ _ _ me back.
4 Since our son was born, we've been _ _ _ _ on one salary.
5 I'll _ _ _ _ away next week. Can we postpone the meeting?
6 I'm just going out - I'll be _ _ _ _ in 15 minutes.
7 The man took her bag and then ran _ _ __
8 She takes _ __ _ her father - they're both very selfish.
9 I always feel nervous when the plane is taking _ _ __
10 I'm going to take _ __ _ yoga - everybody says it's good for you.
b
c
4 They built the cathedral in 1443.
The cathedral _ _ _ _ __ _ _
in 1443.
5 The government should pay nurses more.
Nurses _ _ _ _ _ _ __
_ _ __ more.
6 I don't like it when people tell me what
to do.
I don't like _ _ _ _ _ _ __
what to do.
Complete the words.
1 She's had her hair d_ _ __ red.
2 My nails look terrible - I need a m,_ _ _ _
3 My mum used to put my hair in two pl_ _ _ _ when I was little.
4 A m _ _ _ _ is a very good way to relax.
5 It's important to do s_ _ _ _ after you've been ru nning.
6 Queen Elizabeth II lives in Buckingham P_ _ _ _
7 The d._ _ _ _ on top of the cathedral is really beautiful.
8 During the cathedral tour, we went down into the er_ __ _
9 Lenin's t._ _ _ _ is in Red Square in Moscow.
10 King Harold wa s d_ _ _ _ in the Battle of Hastings in 1066.
I'm going to pay someone to take
my photo.
I'm going to have _ _ _ _
3 I'd like someone to paint my flat.
I'd like to have _ _ __
Write words for the definitions.
1 the place where theatre tickets are sold _ _ _ _ _ _ __
2 a short period of time separating parts of a play or concert _ _ __
3 the events that form the story of a novel, play, or film _ _ __
4 an afternoon performance of a play _ _ __
5 the person that you are playing against in a game _ _ __
Complete the second sentence so
that it means the same as the first.
2 The hairdresser cut my hair last week.
I had _ _ __ _ __ _
_ _ _ _ last week.
Complete the phrasal verbs. Use the correct form of the verb
where necessary.
PRONUNCIATION
a
Practise the words and sounds.
Vowel sounds
~
pho ne
Consonant sounds
s ·1.· ~ ~ V ~ & &
~
owl
..
clock
boot
house w itch monkey
thumb
mother
b
O p .238-9 Sound Bank Say more words for each sound.
c
What sound in a do the pink letters have in these words?
1 crow d
d
2 wh istle 3 yo ga
4 cath edral
5 to mb
Underline the stressed syllable.
1 perlforImance
2 aujd i!ence
3 aejrojbics
4 pedjijcure
5 cojlumn
CAN YOU understand this text?
a
b
Read the extract from a website. Would you like to
visit the Roman Baths? Why (not)?
Read the extract again. Find the names for the ~~S PUBt.1,
descriptions below.
1/4:;<v'V♦ l
I.::;
.
1 _ __ _ a p lace w here you can taste t he spa ~?r
2 _ _ _ _ the Roman name for the city of Bath \ .,,
l
c-1
' "'('( •
VISIT BATH
THINGS TO DO > ROMAN BATHS
~
5 _ _ _ _ I _ _ _ _ the two months when yo~
can visit the Baths at night
~ \>-.S PUBt.ic
.
-~ .
0 CAN YOU understand these people?
G8.17 Watch or listen and choose a, b or c.
The Great Bath, which lies below street level, is situated at the
centre of the building, and here you can walk on the ancient paths,
as the Romans did 2,000 years ago. 1,170,000 litres of hot water,
reaching 46°C, still fill the baths every day. The Romans believed
that this was the mystical work of the gods, but we now know that
the water, which comes out of the ground at the King's Spring,
fell as rainwater around 10,000 BC. There are statues around the
terrace, from where you can look down on the Great Bath, and see
the tower of Bath Abbey above you. You can visit the Roman heated
rooms and changing rooms, as well as the other smaller bathing
pools which were filled with warm and cold water.
~
With an audio guide, you can listen to the fascinating commentary
as you slowly walk around the site. These are available in 12
different languages. A special English-speaking audio guide is also
available, narrated by the travel writer Bill Bryson, who gives his
thoughts and observations on all things Roman. As well as walking
around the ruins, you can explore the interactive museum, where
you will find out about the lives of the people of Aquae Sulis, the
Roman name for Bath.
~ Afterwards, try the spa water in the Pump Room, which is included
-s
ct'l in the admission price. The spa water contains 43 minerals and is
-~ believed to be very good for you. This is a unique opportunity to
1<!> get a real taste (literally!) of Roman Bath. Then go for afternoon
-S tea in the Pump Room restaurant, where you'll be accompanied by
classical music from the Pump Room Trio.
Diarmuid
During July and August, the Roman Baths are open until 10.00 p.m.
You can explore them by moonlight, and by the light of torches
"l placed around the site, which creates a magical atmosphere.
Glossary
spring a place where water comes
up naturally from under the ground
a
Carolina
Erin
2 Victoria doesn't w atch the LA Dodgers much
because
a they're not very good this year
b she doesn't live there any more
c they're in a new Series
3 Cluedo is a board game that _ _ .
a Keith prefers to Monopoly
b Keith didn't use to like as a child
c is similar to Monopoly
4 Carolina
a goes to the hairdresser's every week
b only ever has her hair cut
c once had her hair dyed super blonde
5 Erin and her husband
a hadn't planned to visit the Colosseum
b couldn't find the Galileo museum
c enjoyed both the Colosseum and the Galileo museum
CAN YOU say this in English?
Tick (✓) the box if you can do these things.
Can you ...?
1
explain how to take money out of a cash machine
2
talk about what you enjoy doing when you go out
or stay in
3
talk about things you can have done at the
hairdresser or a beauty salon, and which ones you
sometimes do yourself
4
describe a famous building you know, including its
history
.g
-
Keith
Diarmuid would only go to a bank if __.
a he was having problems w ith online banking
b he wanted to borrow money
c he needed to transfer money
j
]
Victoria
~
j
~UNA . <f-~ .r
the ground
]
~~
(ff'-
6 _ __ _ a church near t he Baths
7 _ __ _ the narrator of the audio guide I ~
8 _ __ _ the place where the hot water ris . ~ ou
The spa city of Bath is situated on natural hot springs, and the water
has played an important role throughout the city's history. The
Roman Baths were constructed around 70 AD as a grand bathing
and socializing centre. The Baths are now in the centre of the city,
and are one of the best preserved Roman ruins in the world.
r::,"1>'
3 _ __ _ part of the building decorated with statues ' : ~
4 _ _ _ _ the largest bathing pool in the build ing
Go online to watch the video, review Files 7 & 8, and check your progress
Treat yourself
G have something done
1 GRAMMAR have something
You have to treat yourself. Life is t oo
short t o deprive yourself of things.
Nathalie Emmanuel, British actress
V looking after yourself P sentence stress
b
done
Complete the sentences with the correct form of have
something done.
I'm staying with my parents because I'm having m_v flat redecoratecJ
(my flat/ redecorate)
a ' @the correct form.
2 I got a new passport last week, so I had to _ _ _ _ _ __ _
by a professional. (my p hoto/ t ake)
1 A I'm going t
ave my nails don V
do my nails t his a ternoon.
B W ho does t hem for you?
A My friend, Lisa. She's very good.
3 We _ _ __ _ _ _ _,· we had a wall built instead. (our fence /
not mend)
4 How often _ _ _ _ _ _ __ your partner _ _ __ _ _ __
at the hairdresser's? (his hair/ dye)
2 A Can you take my suit to the dry
5 Jo bought a picture for her bedroom, but she _ _ _ _ _ _ __
yet. Lucy's going to do it on Saturday. (it/ not put up)
cl eaner's tomorrow?
B But you o nly cleaned it I had it
6 Where _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ you _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ? It doesn't
cleaned last week!
look very clean. (your car/ wash)
A I know, but I got oil on it while I was
having lunch yesterday.
7 I _ _ _ __ _ _ _ never _ _ _ _ __ _
. I don't believe
in fortune telling. (my fortune I tell)
3 A We're fitting a new bathroom I
having a new bathroom fitted at
t he moment . My husband's doing it
himself.
B That's impressive.
A Not really, he's a plumber.
8 The nurses won't mind if we st ay in the room while
Rob _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . (his temperature/ t ake)
c
Write sentences about the people in the photos. Use
the correct form of have something done. There are two
sentences where have something done isn't necessary.
4 A Do you mind turning down t he TV?
B I won't be able to hear it if I turn it
down.
A You should test your hearing I have
your hearing tested. It's really loud.
5 A My TV is still broken. I haven't
repaired it I haven't had it repaired
yet.
B Have you called the repair service?
A Yes, they're coming next Tuesday.
2 he / whiten / his teeth
A My sister painted her flat I
3 they I put in / a new shower
she/ straighten/ her hair
She's straightening her hair.
He's having his teeth whitened.
6
had her flat painted last week.
B Did she do it all herself?
A Yes, she did, but I helped her.
7 A These are great photos.
B Yes. Let's make some prints I
have some p rints made.
4 he/ clean / his car
5 she / ought to / test / her eyes
6 he / not want/ his hair cut
A Good idea. I'll copy them onto a
memory stick and take it to the
phot o shop t omorrow.
7 they I put up/ some shelves
8 she/ need / mend / her central heating
38
2 PRONUNCIATION sentence stress
a
G8.1 Listen and complete the sentences.
1P
0
2 Shall we _ __ __ the _ _ _ __ _
y
N
,_,H"'o--'--'w_,,o"--'ft""e""'n
_ _ _ do you L!.h"'-'av,__,.e~- you r car washed
?
A
T
I
L
2
13
?
4
3
did you
?
I
your
5
4 We're
our
5
my
16
7
b G8.1 Listen again and repeat the sentences.
8
9
3 VOCABULARY looking after yourself
a
10
11
Look at the photos and complete the words and
phrases. Write the answers in the puzzle to find the
hidden phrase.
12
13
114
15
16
17
2 have your hair
p-
4 have h-
u-
5 have a p -
10 have a bl -
6 have your hair str-
7 have a tr-
11 a fr-
12 have your hair d -
dr-
15 have your hair bl -
16 have your hair c-
8 have a t r-
17 have a sh -
139
b
Order the letters to make words for beauty
treatments. Then complete the advert.
AQUAMARINE DAY SPA
We have the ideal beauty treatments for you.
A 1 facial
Too many late nights?
will make your skin glow. (CAFILA)
Back pain?
Why not have a 2_ _ _ __ ? (AGSAMES)
Messy nails?
We'll give you a 3_ _ _ __ . (RAICEMUN)
7 They're doing
8 He's doing P_ _ __ _
a_ _ _ __
Thinking of wearing sandals?
Have a 4_ _ __ _ . (EDUERIPC)
Getting ready for summer?
We are experts in 5_ _ _ __ . (NAGWIX)
Consult our prices for a whole leg or half a leg.
We can also apply 6_ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ so you
look glowing on your first day on the beach. (KEAF NTA)
Book an appointment now on 03823 83947
c
9 She's doing
st r_ _ __ _
10 They're using an
e_ _ _ _ b_ _ _ _
11 She's using a y_ _ _ _
12 She's using a r_ _ __
m_ __ _
Look at the photos. Complete the sentences.
1 He's doing sp,...
io.u-□=in'-"g
_ _ _ . 2 She's lifting w_ __ _ _
m_ _ __
d Choose six phrases from the list and write t rue
sentences about you.
change the lock clean your windows dye your hair
make clothes massage your feet paint your house
repair your car straighten your hair trim your beard
wax your legs
3 He's doings_ _ __ _
u_ _ _ __
4 He's doing pr_ __ _ _
u_ __ __
2 _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
3
4
5
6
5 He's using a r_ __ _ _
m,_____
40
(
6 They're using a
cr_ _ _ _ t r_ _ __
0 Go online for more practice)
-Sites and sights
History will be kind to me, for I intend to w rite it.
Winston Churchill, former British Prime Minister
@11#·€?i1l#i V wars and battles, historic buildings P silent consonants
1 GRAMMAR the passive
b
a ~ t h e correct form, active or passive.
Complete the second sentence in the passive. Use by
where necessary.
They built the castle in the sixteenth century.
The castle was built in the sixteenth century.
2 They give guided tours in German, French, and Spanish.
Guided tours _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _
3 You can buy tickets for the play on line.
Tickets for the play
4 Has pollution affected the ruins?
the ruins
5 They weren't using the hall, so we could go in.
The hall
6 I hate security guards watching me.
I hate
7 They have to handle the exhibits wit h care.
The exhibits
8 We were relieved that they hadn't cancelled our flight.
We were relieved that our flight
The palace used 1 9 t o r weddings and
celebrations.
9 The mayor is opening the new museum.
The new museum
2 Guided tours need to book I to be booked
in advance.
3 Jane Austen wrote I was written six great novels
during her lifetime.
4 The artist hasn't painted I hasn't been painted a
portrait of his wife before.
10 When are they going to build the new hospital?
When
C
?
Complete the text with the correct active or passive
form of the verbs in brackets.
5 The students were eating I were being eaten,
so we couldn't see the Great Dining Ha ll.
6 Cameras may use I be used without a flash.
7 The cathedral is closed to visitors because it
is restoring I is being restored.
8 He enjoys showing I being shown visitors
around the house.
9 We missed the last train b ecause we had given I
had been given the wrong time.
10 The royal family owns I is owned Bal moral
Castle.
Blenheim Palace 1 was built
(build) as a
gift from Queen Anne to John Churchill, 1st Duke of
Marlborough. The Queen was pleased with Churchill
because his army 2_ __ __ _ _ _ (win) the Battle of
Blenheim in 1704. Since its completion in 1722, the palace
3_ _ __ _ _ _ _ (be) home to the Dukes of
Marlborough, the Churchill - later Spencer-Churchill family. Former British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill,
was born at Blenheim and often 4_ _ _ _ _ ___ (stay)
there with his cousin, the 9th Duke of Marlborough.
Today, it's the 12th Duke of Marlborough, Charles James
Spencer-Churchill, who 5_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (live) in
Blenheim Palace. The park, palace, and gardens can
6
_ __ _ _ _ _ _ (visit) by the public. The estate is
open all year r ound except on Christmas Day or when
repair work 7_ _ __ _ _ _ _ (do). Each year, there
are three tours of the Private Apartments, so that visitors
can see the rooms that 8
(use) by the
Duke and his family vvhen they are at home.
?
42
2 VOCABULARY wars and battles,
historic buildings
a
b
Match the verbs from the list to definitions 1-8.
crown
Complete the labels.
defeat
destroy
~
invade
kill
retreat
succeed
to use physical strength, guns, weapons, etc. against somebody
fight
2 to make sb die
3 to make sb king or queen in an official ceremony
4 to win a game, a fight, a vote, etc. against sb
5 to move away or back because you are in danger or have lost a
battle
6 to enter a country with an army in order to attack and take
control of it
7 to damage sth so badly that it no longer exists
1 b,,.o-"-'w_ _ __
8 to have a job or important position after sb else
2 arr_ _ _ __
c
Complete the sentences with the past participle of a verb in b.
3 ar_ _ __ _
The palace was destroyed
by bombs during the war.
2 The king lost his crown when his army was _ _ __ _
3 When t he old queen died, her eldest daughter
_ _ __ _ her.
4 The eastern part of the country has been _ __ _ _
4 h_ __ _ _
by an
enemy country.
5 More than 5,000 people were _ __ _ _ during the battle.
6 Fighting has stopped because the enemy army has
_ _ _ __ from the city.
7 The princess was _ _ _ _ _ Qu een of England when her
father died.
5 sh _ __ _ _
8 The battle was _ _ _ __ between 1861 and 1862.
d Complete the labels of the historic buildings.
f
Use the words to write questions. Use active or
passive.
what / the oldest building in your town
What's the oldest building in your town?
2 what/ it/ look like
3 w hen / it / build
4 what / it/ use for/ in the past
Salisbury Cathedral
2 Edinburgh C_ _ _ _
5 what / it / use for/ today
6 what/ you/ like about it
g
Answer the questions in f about your town.
2
3
4
3 Blackpool T_ _ __ _
4 Whitby A,_ __ __
5
6
3 PRONUNCIATION silent consonants
a
G8.2 Listen and complete the sentences. Which
consonants aren't pronounced in the missing
words?
1 The =c=as=t~le~ - - is on top of a hill.
5 Kensington P_ _ __ _
e @a,b,orc.
1 Most of the seats are in the
a column
"9
b aisle
c column
b G8.2 Listen again and repeat the sentences.
b nave
b tombs
Cross out the consonants that aren't pronounced
in these words.
w rapper
c dome
5 The _ _ of many dead poets and artists can be found
in Westminster Abbey.
a naves
6 He carried a _ _ ___ in his belt.
c
4 There's a __ along the inner wall of the Main Hall.
a gallery
took place in the main
c crypt
3 There are ten rows of seats either side of the
of the church.
a tomb
3 The historic
square.
5 The _ __ _ _ of the king is in the crypt.
c dome
b gallery
down the centre of the nave.
4 The roof is supported by _ _ _ __
of the church.
2 The bodies of the writers Charlotte and Emily Bronte
lie in the
of their local church.
a aisle
2 There's an
c aisles
5 island
2 comb
6 scissors
3 rhythm
7 foreign
4 whole
8 iron
d G8.3 Listen and check. Then listen again and
repeat the words.
6 The roof is supported by six enormous round
stone
a columns
b crypts
c galleries
7 The _ _ of the cathedral can be seen from far away.
a crypt
b dome
c tomb
I
(0 Go online for more practice) ( & Go online to check your progress )
143
I
I
9A
Tota I reca II
G reported speech
a
How easy or difficult do you find
it to remember things? Do the
questionnaire. Then compare with a
partner. Give examples. Who do you
think has the better memory?
2 READING
a
I've got a good
memory... or have I?
2
3
4
5
6
7
B
2142
6937
~
\
c
Read the extract once and check your answers to b. In pairs,
decide if you prefer any different objects for the numbers 0-9.
d
Read the extract again and complete each paragraph with one
of the phrases below.
A a story involving a chain of 20 lin ked number shapes
B think of an image similar to the shape of the number itself
C memorize a sequence of up to 2,000 digits within one hour
D the number picture to the t hing you want to remember
e
Look at the three highlighted verbs, which are all connected to
the verb remember. Match them to their meaning.
1 _ _ _ _ help sb to remember somet hing
2 _ _ _ _ remember sth from the past
3 _ _ _ _ learn sth by heart
p Giving examples
b
5038
You're going to read an extract from a book called How to
Develop a Brilliant Memory Week by Week by Dominic O'Brien.
First, look at the ten objects in the photo. With a partner, try to
write the word for as many as you can.
'
Tick (✓) each statement below that
is true for you.
I find it difficult to remember
where I've put things.
I usually remember faces, but
I often forget people's names,
even immediately after I've been
introduced to them.
There are some English words
that I find really difficult to
remember, however hard I try.
I only remember people's
birthdays because Facebook
reminds me.
I often forget my passwords, so
I usually use the same one for
everything.
I find it difficult to remember
things in my calendar - dates and
things I've planned to do.
I have problems remembering my
PINs and passwords and I often
have to reset them.
I can never remember anyone's
phone number because my phone
does it for me.
Look at this credit card number for 30 seconds. Then close your
book and write the numbers in the correct order. How many
digits could you remember?
9674
b
1
She said she
had forgotten
my number.
li1i·ii·lmfiGm I#&·ii·MH44i
. .
1
I asked her
to phone
you.
I often forget where I've put
things like I such as my phone
and my car keys.
f
I have problems remembering
my passwords, for example I
for instance, w hen I'm shopping
onlin e.
Now do the task in the last paragraph of the extract. Then use
the Number-Shape System and the Link Method to memorize the
credit card number in a. Could you do it better than the first time?
g
Do you think the author's method is a good one? Do you know any
other good ways of remembering things like PINs and passwords?
h
You're now going to do an activity called Build Words into a
Picture, and use images to learn new vocabulary. Your teacher
will tell you what to do.
Which of the things in the
questionnaire in a causes you the
biggest problem?
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Vocabulary > maths
How to remember
3 GRAMMAR reported speech
numbers
a
~9.1 Listen to two true stories. Why were Sarah and Kim
annoyed?
b
Can you remember who said what? Write S (Sarah), R (Rick),
K (Kim), C (Caro), or M (Mum). Then listen again and check.
We are surrounded by numbers - PINs, codes
for credit card security, online accounts, or
entry codes to buildings - and we are expected
to memorize them all. Wouldn't it be great if
we could remember these numbers instantly,
whenever we needed them? I am not brilliant at
remembering numbers, but I have trained my
memory. Now I can 1 . How is this possible?
I use a method called the Number-Shape
System. This is a great way to store any
sequence of digits, such as PINs, calendar dates,
telephone numbers, and much longer ones as
well. First, for numbers 0- 9, 2 . For example,
'0' could be a ball, '1' could be a pencil, and so on.
My suggestions for numbers 2-9 are: 2 a swan,
3 handcuffs, 4 a sailing boat, 5 a seahorse,
6 an elephant's trunk, 7 a boomerang, 8 an egg
timer, and 9 a balloon on a string. You can use
these ideas, or choose images of your own, for
example, number 8 could also be a snowman.
Now you can start using the pictures. Connect
. So, to remind you that you have to catch a
number 67 bus, imagine an elephant ('elephant
trunk' = number 6) standing at the bus stop
throwing a boomerang ('boomerang' = number
7); an unlikely scene, but certainly one you
won't forget. Or if you want to remember that
oxygen has the atomic number 8, imagine
a snowman wearing an oxygen mask. Now,
suddenly, numbers come to life and are
instantly more memorable. This is called the
Link Method. It works by linking one object to
the next by creating an imaginary connection
between the two items.
1 Sarah's story
'Have you seen my car keys?'
'I can't find them.'
'You've moved them.'
'Have you looked in your
coat pocket?'
'They're not there.'
3
C
2 Kim's story
'I want to do something to
help.'
'I'll bring a birthday cake.'
'Where's the cake?'
'I completely forgot about it.'
'It's no problem.'
Complete the sentences from bin reported speech with
one word.
1 Rick asked me
I had seen his car keys.
2 He told me that he
find them.
3 He said I
moved them.
4 I
him if he had looked in his coat pocket.
5 He
me they weren't there.
6 My sister
that she wanted to do something to help.
7 She said she
bring a birthday cake.
8 After lunch, I asked her where the cake
9 She said
had completely forgotten about it.
10 Mum said that it
no problem.
You're going to try to memorize the
following 20-digit number.
d
0 p.220 Grammar Bank 9A
79046213585994013276
e
Work in pairs. Write down three questions to ask your
partner. Then ask your questions and try to remember your
partner's answers. Don't write them down!
First, using the Number-Shape System,
convert each number into its equivalent
shape (use either your own number shapes or
mine). Then connect them together using the
Link Method. So to start, imagine throwing a
boomerang at a balloon on a string. Continue
by connecting the balloon on a string to a
ball, and so on. You should now have created
4
, starting with a boomerang and ending
with an elephant's trunk. Now try to write
down the sequence of numbers. Score one
point for each digit you can recall before
making a mistake. Maximum points: 20.
What did you have for breakfast this morning?)
(J had coffee and toast.
f
Now test your memory. Tell a new partner what you asked
your previous partner, and what he or she said.
(1 asked Luisa what she'd had for breakfast this morning.
lJhe told me she'd had coffee and toast.
Adapted from The Times
I
4 LISTENING
a
c
With a partner, look at the days and dates below.
Can you remember where you were? What did you do?
Try to remember as many details as you can .
your last
yesterday
last Saturday
birthday
morning
evening
1st July
31st December
2010
last year
d
b
Listen again and answer the questions.
1 What day of the week was each of these
dates? What did Jill do on each day?
24th January 1986
29th August 1980
10th January 1981
2 What is Jill's first memory? How old was
she at the time?
3 What two things happened on 1st July
1974?
G9.5 Listen to the first part of a radio programme about
Jill Price, a woman with an extraordinary memory. Answer
the questions.
1 Complete the name of Jill's condition: Highly Superior
A._ __ __ _ M _ _ _ __ _
2 How o ld was Jill when the condition started?
3 How does she feel about her condition?
G9.6 Now listen to
the second part of
the programme. Make
notes to answer the
questions.
How d id Dr McGaugh
test Jill's memory?
2 What does she remember happening on
16th August 1977 and 14th October 1977?
3 How was Dr McGaugh able to confirm that
Jill's memories were accurate?
4 According to Dr McGaugh's research, what
are the most memorable experiences?
5 What kinds of things is Jill good at
remembering?
6 What kinds of things can't she remember?
7 How many people are there with HSAM?
8 What does Jill say are the two big
problems with her condition?
9 What's the t itle of her autobiography?
10 Why hasn't her brother read it?
Glossary
The Challenger explosion On 28th January 1986, the US space shuttle
Challenger broke in two 73 seconds into its flight, killing all seven crew members.
Glossary
Elvis Presley and Bing Crosby two famous
American singers
e
Would you want a memory like Jill's?
Why (not)?
5 VOCABULARY & PRONUNCIATION
word building; word stress
a
6 SPEAKING
a
Look at some words from Jill Price's story.
Complete the chart w ith nouns, adjectives, and
adverbs formed from these w ords.
Noun
Adjective
Adverb
1 memory
someone you know
who has an incredibly
good or bad memory
confident ly
2
3
emotional
4
impo rtant
5
accurate
6
Choose t w o of the topics below and think about
what you're going to say. Add details and g ive
ex amples.
personally
b e9.7 Listen and check. Underline the stressed
syllables in all the w o rds. Practise saying them.
c
something you were
made to memorize
as a child and fou nd
difficult
Complete some common collocations with a noun,
adjective, or adverb from the chart in a.
1 I'm reading a new book about _ _ __
intelligence.
2 The witness gave a very _ __ _ description of
the suspect.
3 - - - ~ I think you're making a big mistake.
4 The wedding last summer was a _ __ _ occasion.
5 In half an hour, t he press office is going to make an
an
unforgettable
birthday or
Christ mas
_ _ _ _ announcement.
6 I can _ _ _ _ say that the business is doing well.
something from your
past that you wish
you could remember
better
d Can you remember these words? They have all
come up in this lesson .
1 the adjective from atom
2 the noun from enter
3 the negative adjective from likely
4 t he noun from secure
5 the noun from connect
6 the adjective from autobiography
7 the adverb from easy
8 the noun from able
9 the negative adjective from pleasant
a time when you
forgot an important
date or appointment
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Pronunciation > word stress
b Work in groups of three or four. Talk about your
topics, and list e n and respond t o the other p eople
in the group.
(rm going to tell you about my brother, who has an
~ncredibly good memory...
c
From memory, tell the rest of the class about
something someone in yo ur gro up told you.
( t) Go online to review the lesson ) -
Why didn't
he tell her
the truth?
Here comes the bride
G third conditional and other uses of the past perfect
It wouldn't
have made any
difference if
he'd told her.
f◄b#·Pllll·G P sentence stress
1 READING & LISTENING
a
You're going to read a short story by
William Somerset Maugham. Read the
information about him below. Do you
think it was right or wrong of him to
write about people he met? Why (not)?
William Somerset Maugham
(1874-1965)
William Somerset Maugham
(/'sAm;}set 'm:,:m/) was a wellknown English novelist and short
story writer whose stories were
often set in China, Singapore,
Burma (now Myanmar), Malaya
(now Malaysia), and other East
Asian countries. Maugham
wrote at a time when many of
these places were colonies of
~ Great Britain. The language of
his stories reflects the social
and political context of the time;
country and city names have since been changed
and some ways of referring to people would not be
considered appropriate today. Many of the people
in Maugham's stories were real, and they were
often upset to recognize themselves in his books.
b
e9.8 Read and listen to Part 1 of
Mabel. Answer the questions with a
partner.
Mabel
Part 1
George was working in Burma for the British
colonial government. He and Mabel became
engaged when he was back in England. When he
returned to Burma, it was arranged that she
OS would join him there in six months. But
one difficulty came up after another.
Mabel's father died, the war came, then
George was sent to a district which was
unsuitable for a white woman. In the end,
10 it was seven years before she was able to start. He made all the
arrangements for the marriage, which was going to take place on the
day of her arrival, and went down to Rangoon to meet her. Then,
suddenly, without warning, his nerve failed him. He had not seen
Mabel for seven years. He had forgotten what she was like. She was
15 a total stranger. He felt a terrible feeling in his stomach. He couldn't
go through with it. He must tell Mabel that he was very sorry, but he
couldn't, he really couldn't marry her. But how could a man tell a girl
a thing like that when she had been engaged to him for seven years
and had come 6,000 miles to marry him? He didn't have the nerve for
20 that either. There was a boat just about to sail for Singapore; he wrote
a letter to Mabel, and without any luggage, just in the clothes he was
wearing, he boarded the boat. The letter Mabel received said:
Deare.st Ma.bd,
25
I ha.vdeeri sudden½J ca.1Led a.wa:1 <m business and do- no't krww- whe.n,
if!JOU returned w-
/ will be, back. I think it urcru.U be, much urlser
Engla.nd. M.!J plans an v-er3 uncertain,,
!)crur loving [Jwrge-.
1 Who were George and Mabel?
2 Why couldn't they get married for seven
years?
3 What do you think his nerve failed him in
line 13 means? Why did it happen?
4 What was George's d ilemma?
5 What did he decide to do?
What do you think of George's behaviour?
What do you think will happen next?
c
e9.9 Find the following places on the
map. How do you think you say them in
English? Listen and check.
Bangkok Cheng-tu Chungking
Hong Kong Manila Saigon Shanghai
Singapore the Yangtze River Yoko hama
d
e9.10 Now listen to Part 2. Mark
George's route on the map.
....
Cheng-tu•
--
.
Chungking
JfNDIA.
G lossary
the war the First World War, which
started in 1914
Rangoon the old name for Yangon,
the largest port in Myanmar (Burma)
) Sh anghai
e
Listen again and complete Mabel's four telegrams.
2 GRAMMAR third conditional and
other uses of the past perfect
TELEGRAM
I'
1
Quite
Love
a
.
1
Mabel
2
I
2
I
I
3
I
4
3
So
at
Love
y ou
I
Ma bel
I
I
Lo v e
Read Part 3 (don't listen yet). Continue drawing
George's journey on the map. Then complete the gaps
with an adverb or adverbial phrase from the list.
after that
~
b
says how things could have been d ifferent in
the past
d escribes something that happened earlier
in the past
reports w hat someone said or asked in the
past
a
He went straight to the club and asked if he
had received any telegrams.
b
Then, suddenly, without warning, his nerve
failed him. He had not seen Mabel for seven
years.
c
It would have been terrible if I hadn't been
able to marry you after all.
Mabel
How do you think George felt when he got the last telegram?
What do you think he will do now?
f
Look at three extracts from Mabel. Which
highlighted phrase ... ?
0 p.221 Grammar Bank 9B
3 PRONUNCIATION sentence stress
at last
never
one morning
only
a (D9.15 Listen to five sentences. Write the
stressed words in the pink rectangles.
Part 3
1 When
No, no, she wasn't going to catch him so easily. He had
1 a/ready made his plans. He could catch the last ship along
the Yangtze river to Chungking. 2_ _ __ _, no one could
get there until the following spring. He arrived at Chungking,
05 but he was desperate now. He was not going to take any
risks. There was a place called Cheng-tu, the capital of
Szechuan, and it was 400 miles away. It could
3_ _ _ _ be reached by road, and the area was full of
thieves. A man would be safe there.
George set out. He sighed with relief when he saw the walls
of the lonely Chinese city. He could rest 4_ _ _ _. Mabel
would 5
find him there. The British consul was a
friend of his and he stayed with him in his luxurious house.
The weeks passed lazily one after the other. 6_ __ _ _,
15 George and the consul were in the courtyard when there was
a loud knock at the door.
read
email,
understood
left.
2
3
10
4
5
b
Look at the stressed words and try to
remember what the unstressed words are.
Write in the unstressed words.
c
Listen again and check. Then listen and
repeat the sentences.
d
Complete the sentences with a verb phrase in
the past perfect. Then take turns to say your
sentence to your partner. Are they the same?
g (D9.11 Listen and check. What do you think he sighed
with relief in line 10 means?
h (D9.12 How do you think the story ends? Listen to
Part 4 and check.
Discuss the questions with a partner.
1 How do you feel about w hat Mabel did in the story? Do you
have more sympathy for Mabel or for George?
2 Do you think Mabel and George had a happy marriage?
Why (not)?
1 I would have been very annoyed if you had ...
2 I was really surprised when I saw him because.. .
3 I was furious with my mum when she told me .. .
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra for extra Pronunciation >
intonation in questions
I
I
I
I
I
4 LISTENING
5 VOCABULARY weddings
a
a
Read the introduction to an article and look at the photos.
What two words do you think are missing from the title?
With a partner, decide for each couple who you think
proposed to who, and how they did it.
Look at the wedding photo opposite.
Match people A-E to the words below.
the bride
the (bride)groom
the best man
a bridesmaid
a~boy
b
best man bridesmaids couples engaged
guests invitations married reception
\
I
Read the magazine article about
wedding costs and complete it with the
words from the list.
c
Now read the list of wedding expenses
and in pairs, try to match the prices to
the cost of each thing.
350 640 1,160 1,300 2,500
4,500 5,500 8,500
Look up 'failed marriage proposal' on YouTube and you will find
hundreds of videos of people proposing marriage and being
rejected. What these videos don't offer is a chance to ask the
people involved what the experience actually feels like. I wanted
to find out, so I found two people who either turned down a
proposal, or whose proposal was turned down, and asked them to
tell me all about it. (Names have been changed!)
Venue (for the ceremony
and the reception). ....£ _ __ _
Five bridesmaids'
dresses...... ............ ..... .£._ _ __
Food ........... ... .. ...... ... ...£,_ _ __
Flowers... ....... .. .. .........£,___ _
Rings..... ... ....... ....... .....£,_ _ __
b G9.16 Listen to Alex and Emma talking about what
happened. Are the two couples both together now?
Groom's suit.. ... ..... ....£._ __ _
Wedding dress,
veil & shoes...............£._ __ _
G9.17 Listen again to Alex's story. Then complete the
sentences with a partner.
1 Alex didn't want to ...
2 Chloe began to talk about ...
3 On 29th February, Chloe invited A lex to .. .
4 Chloe gave Al ex ...
5 The letters spelled ...
6 Alex started p utting the letters on the bracelet in ...
7 Chloe got upset and explained that o n 29th February, women ...
8 Alex didn't see her...
d G9.18 Now listen again to Emma's story. Explain why the
following things were important.
1 ten years
2 two years
3 the cathedral
4 a bottle of champagne and
a bunch of flowers
e
5 a necklace
6 a crowd of tourists
7 white and shocked
8 walking to the station
What do you think about the way Alex and Emma behaved?
Do you feel sorry for Chloe and Tom?
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra List ening
Honeymoon ....... ........£ _ _ __
d G9.19 Listen and check. Do you think
couples nowadays spend too much
money on their wedding?
e
Talk to a partner about weddings where
you live.
• Who are t he main people?
• Where is the wedding ceremony usually
held?
• What kinds of thin gs do people wear?
• Is there usually a reception? Where?
• What kind of food and drink is typical?
• Do people make speeches?
• What else happens?
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Vocabulary > more
weddings
I
6 SPEAKING
a
Look at some controversial statements
about weddings. Decide whether you
agree or disagree. Think of reasons why
and e xamples to support your opinion.
-
Q) It should be t he woman who proposes
to the man because it's usually the
woman who wants to get married.
®
It's better to marry for money or
security than to marry for love.
©
It's co mpletely unacceptable to ask
for money as a wedding present.
Parents choose better partners
@ for
thei r children than the children
choose for themselves.
shouldn't invite people you don't
@ You
like to your wedding, even if they are
This is how much a
relatives.
wedding really costs!
fter we got 1
and started seriously planning our
wedding, I read ALL the wedding magazines, and they
all tell you that the average cost of a UK wedding is now
£ 25,000. After the event, I can tell you that unless you
are having the 2_ __ _ in your garden, and are only inviting ten
3_ _ _ _, this is just not true.
A
Brides enjoy their wedding day more
@ than
bridegrooms.
b
In small groups, discuss each statement.
Take turns to explain your reasons and
give examples. Respond to what other
students say. Use the language from the
Agreeing and disagreeing box.
p Agreeing
I agree with you 100%.
I couldn't agree with you more.
That's so true.
You're absolutely right.
Disagreeing
We didn't have an enormous wedding. We got 4_ _ _ _ in a
country house in Surrey, and invited about 100 people, which I think
is the average, judging by every other wedding I've been to. We saved
money where we could. We were very lucky because friends designed
the 5
, and did the music and photography for free. My sister
~ made the cake, and my parents paid for the drinks. We bought the
:§ dresses for the 6_ _ __ and the suit for the 7_ _ _ _ ready-made
u
.!!1 from a department store.
I see your point, but. ..
That's not always true.
I don't think you're right.
Let's agree to disagree.
I comp letely disagree.
No way!
7 WRITING
G p.194 Writing A story Write a story
describing a memorable event.
'I
;;;
~ Still, we ended up spending over £ 30,000, and if we hadn't had very
~ kind and helpful friends, it would've been more like £35,000. Just to
~ give other 8_ _ _ _ a little bit of guidance, I'm sharing some of our
biggest expenses with you so it' ll hopefully be a bit less of a shock when
"'
.
~ you get the bills!
I
I
t
r
I
( C) Go online to review the lesson )
Practical English
1ng Henry
giving directions in a building
1
0 WHAT THE CLUE MEANS
2
a
0 GIVING DIRECTIONS IN A BUILDING
Q)9.21 Look at the plan of the building. Watch or listen.
Mark the rest of the police officers' route. Where do they
end up, A, B, or C?
Ground floor
a
Q)9.20 Watch or list en to Jenny and
Luke looking in Henry's study. What
does 'old man' refer to? Where do they
think Henry is?
1
b Watch or listen again. Complete the
sentences with Jenny, Luke, or Rob.
Start
1 _ _ _ _ has checked all the paintings.
2 _ _ _ _ th inks maybe t he old man thing
wasn't a message.
3 _ _ _ _ suggests looking on top of the
bookcase.
4 _ _ __ finds the two paperweights.
5 _ _ __ d iscovers that Proteus is a
company in Oxford.
6 _ _ _ _ phones the Po lice Inspector.
7 _ _ _ _ d ownload s the p lans of t he
Proteus buildi ng.
8 _ _ _ _ is going to guide t he police
officers.
What do you think they are going to find in
the building?
Basement
Continue
b
Read the conversation between Luke and Tom on p.153.
Can you remember any of the missing words? Watch or
listen again and check.
c
e9.22 Watch or listen and repeat the
highlighted sentences. Copy the r.m'..thm
and intonation.
Luke OK, go to the end of the corridor, go
_ _ __ the door, and turn 2_ _ __
Tom We're in a large open area.
Luke That's right. Now, go 3_ _ __ ahead.
You should see some stairs on your right. Go
4_ _ _ _ the stairs and a coffee bar. Turn
right. s_ _ _ _ on and you should see a
set of double doors.
Tom Should we go through?
Luke Yes. Now, you should see some stairs on
your 6_ _ __
Tom Yeah, I see them.
Luke Right. Go 7_ _ _ _ the stairs, continue
straight on, and walk down the ramp.
Tom We're at the end of the ramp. Which
8_ _ __ now?
Luke 9_ _ _ _ right and carry on straight
10_ _ _ _ the corridor. Go past a
maintenance room and two fuse boxes, and
t ry the next door on your right.
Tom The door's locked. Is there 11_ _ _ _
way?
Luke Hold on. OK. Turn 12_ _ _ _ and go
13_ _ _ _ down the corridor.
Tom Should we go back up the ramp?
Luke No. Go straight to the end of the
corridor and turn left.
Tom We're here. There are two doors. Which
14_ _ _ _ should we take?
Luke 1s_ _ _ _ the one on your left.
Tom It's open!
Luke What can you see?
Tom There are three big safes and cages full
of documents. Are you sure this is the
16_ _ _ _ way?
Luke Yes, you're in the store room. Can you
hear a generator?
Tom Yes! It's coming from the end of the
corridor.
Luke Head 17_ _ _ _ it. But watch out for
guards!
Tom There's a door here and a narrow
corridor to the right. What should we do?
Luke I don't know!
Tom Wait. I can hear voices. There are people
in there.
Police Inspector That must be the room.
Tom OK. We're going in.
d
3
0 A HAPPY ENDING?
a
e9.23 What do you think the police officers found? What
do you think happens to all the characters? Watch or listen.
Were your predictions correct?
b
Watch or listen again. Mark the sentences T (true) or
F (false). Correct the F sentences.
The n ews report says that Andrew Page is getting better.
2 Selina and Grant managed to escape.
3 Rob thinks the clue was very difficult.
4 Henry is very gratefu l for all their help.
5 They go out for a meal to celebrate.
6 Rob thinks it is still worth coming to the UK.
7 Jenny wants to stay longer in the UK.
c
Look at the Social English phrases. Can you remember any
of the missing words?
Social English
1 Henry I must _ _ __ , I was beginning to lose hope.
2 Henry Goodness _ __ _ what would have happened
if you hadn't found me in time.
3 Henry Could you _ _ __ the glasses, Luke?
It's _ _ _ _.to have you back, Dad.
4 Rob
5 Henry I just _ _ _ _ you were here, Rob.
6 Jenny I can't _ _ _ _ to get back to the peace and
quiet of New York!
d
e9.24 Watch or listen and complete the phrases. Then
watch or listen again and repeat.
e
Complete conversations A-F with Social English phrases
1-6. Then practise them with a partner.
A
B
C
Shall we have some wine? Great idea.
please, Jon?
Has your nephew lost his j ob? Yes.
if he'll ever find
another one.
Could you help me with my I'll try, but
I'm not very
homework? good at maths!
D
It's so good to be home.
E
Can you meet me at the airport? Sure.
F
So, is the hotel really amazing?
. I've really missed you.
to see you again!
I It's wonderful.
ii In pairs, practise giving directions in a
building.
A Choose a place on the plan but don't tell B.
A give B directions to the place.
B Check with A t hat you are going the
right way, and anything else you don't
understand. Then swap roles.
CAN YOU ...?
give directions inside a building
check that you understand the directions
express relief and gratitude
Go online to watch the video, review the lesson, and check your progress
Total recall
G reported speech
V word building
Happiness is good health and a bad memory.
Ingrid Bergman, Swedish actress
1¥&·ll·MH4ii
c
1 GRAMMAR reported speech
a
Complete the sentences using reported
speech.
Correct any mistakes in the highlighted phrases. Tick(✓) the
correct sentences.
1 She told the doctors that she couldn't remember her name.
✓
2 He said he may forget my birthday, and he did!
X
he might forget
3 Lizzie told her husband that she has never been to Paris.
,
I ~ .•
4 The manager told us it wouldn't happen again.
5 You said you must stay in to study last night.
6 O lga's son told her that he's doing his homework in the
school library.
I
' -
r
~
t,:-J
I
-
7 I said that I hadn't ever lived abroad.
8 Beth told me that she wrote her dissertation last summer.
9 You said that you won't be late for dinner tonight.
10 My neighbours told me they weren't going to sell their
house after all.
b
Complete the sentences using reported speech.
1 They told us, 'You can stay here until the end of the month.'
They t old us that we could stay there until the end of the month
2 He told me, 'I was busy last week.'
He told me that _ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _
3 My parents said, 'We've booked a flight for next month.'
My parents said that _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __
4 She asked him, 'Must you go now?'
She asked him _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __
'Go to bed.'
Denise told her children to go to bed
2 'Can you give me your phone number, p lease?'
She asked me _ _ _ _ _ _ __
3 'Where did you learn to speak English?'
The interviewer asked me _ _ _ _ _ __
4 'Do you understand th e instructions?'
The teacher asked us _ _ _ __ _ __
5 Dan said, 'I'm working late tonight.'
Dan said that _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _
5 'Don't call me at work.'
6 I said, 'I don't like t his restaurant.'
6 'What time will you be home?'
I said that _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
7 My girlfriend said, 'You didn't call me yesterday.'
My girlfriend said that _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
8 I asked my boyfriend, 'Are you coming to dinner tomorrow?'
I asked my boyfriend _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __
Lisa asked her boyfriend _ _ _ _ _ __ _
My husband asked me _ _ _ __ __
7 'Please make less noise.'
My neighbour asked us _ _ _ _ _ __ _
8 'Don't forget your doctor's appointment.'
John's wife told him _ _ __ __ _
2 VOCABULARY & PRONUNCIATION
d
word building; word stress
a @
a, b,orc.
Underli.n.e the stressed syllables in the pairs of
words. Is the stress on the same syllable or a
different syllable? Write S (same) or D (different).
1 memory
e
confidence
~
_Q_
2 .cQilfident
eJI1Qtional
3 person
accuracy
4 memorable
important
5 persona lly
emotionally
6 memorably
confidently
7 importantly
8 emotion
9 accurate
accurately
importance
personal
G9.2 Listen and check. Then listen again and
repeat the words.
f
Match 1-6 to a- f to make collocations.
a memorable
It was an __ goodbye. I don't know when I'm going
to see her again.
a e m o t i o n ~ c emotionally
2 My most _ _ birthday was my eighteenth. My
parents gave me a car!
a memory
b memorable c memorably
3 I don't know her _ _ , but everybody else says she's
lovely.
a person
b personal
c personally
4 My boss stressed the _ _ of getting the work done
o n time.
a importance
b important c importantly
5 He doesn't have the _ _ to stand up and say what he
really thinks.
a confid ence
b confident c confidently
6 Try to report the information __ to avoid any
misu ndersta ndi ngs.
a accuracy
b accurate c accurately
g
__Q__
a announcement
2 an accurate
b I think ...
3 an important
C
say that ...
4 emotional
d occasion
5 I can confidently
e intelligence
6 Personally,
f description
Complete the sentences with a collocation from f.
I can confid ently say Olivia is the best person for the
job. You won't regret taking her on.
2 We'd like to make _ _ __ _ __ _ . We're getting
married!
3 My colleague is always offending people. He has
no _ _ _ _ _ _ __
4 _ __ _____ you should tell her how you feel.
Then you can work it out together.
5 She gave _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of the thief, and the
police caught him the next day.
6 My sister's 21st birthday was _ _ _ _ _ _ __
the whole family was t here.
b Write the answers from a in the correct column.
Stress on first syllable
Stress on second syllable
emotional
c
G9.1 Listen and check. Then listen again and
repeat the words .
155
i6
h Complete the sentences with the correct form of the
Answer the questions in i about you.
word in brackets.
2
3
4
5
6
A good public speaker has the ability
or her ideas clearly and confidently. (able)
to explain his
VOCABULARY FROM READING
2 I'll meet you at the _ _ _ _ _ to the museum. (enter)
3 It's _ _ __ _
that we'll win the match tomorrow. Our
best player is injured. (likely)
4 He's been training hard, so he won the race _ _ _ __
(easy)
5 She doesn't buy anything on line because she's worried
about internet _ _ __ _ . (secure)
6 Her latest work is an _ _ __ _ novel. (autobiography)
7 There's an _ _ _ _ _ smell in the kitchen. It must be
the rubbish. (pleasant)
8 _ __ _ _
produced. (atom)
between
mind and body is important. (connect)
Complete the questions with a word from the list.
forget ~ memorize
memory remember unforgettable
occasion you recall?
2 What can you _ __ _ _ about your first day at school?
3 What was the last number you had to _ _ _ _ _?
4 What do you usually do if you _ _ __ _
someone's
name?
5 Do you think you have a good or a bad _ _ _ _ _?
Why?
6 Have you ever attended an _ _ _ _ _ concert? What
(
0 Go online for more practice )
reeaU remind
I can't -'---'er"""c""a""'
/1_ _ _ the last time we met - was it
at your sister's wedding?
2 Please _ __ _ _ me to get some photos
taken - I have to renew my passport.
our w i-fi password,
but it's impossible - it has too many letters and
numbers.
9 Most doctors would agree that the _ _ __ _
made it so good?
memorize
3 I've tried to _ _ __ _
tests are dangerous because radiation is
What's the last memorable
Complete the sent ences with a verb from the
list.
•Here comes the bride
Mti#·Gll,I·d P sentence stress
G third conditional and other uses of the past perfect
1 GRAMMAR third conditional and other
uses of the past perfect
c
Always get married early in the morning.
That way, if it doesn't work out, you
haven't wasted a whole day.
Mickey Rooney, American actor and comedian
Complete the text with the past simple or past
perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
a @the correct form.
1 We hadn't been ~-w-o-::
""'id
"-n- '_t _h_a-ve- b~ ate if we
~ / would have gone by taxi.
2 I had seen I would have seen you if I had waited/
would have waited another five minutes.
3 If Rick had used I would have used his satnav, he
hadn't got I wouldn't have got lost.
4 If I had known I would have known it was going to be
cold, I had worn I would have worn a coat.
5 You hadn't lost I wouldn't have lost your mobile
phone if you had looked after I would have looked
after it.
6 Lily hadn't bought I wouldn't have bought the dress if
it hadn't been I wouldn't have been in the sa le.
7 We had gone I would have gone to their wedding if
they had invited I would have invited us.
8 If you hadn't left I wouldn't have left the door open,
the cat hadn't got out I wouldn't have got out.
b
Don't forget
the rings ...
Last year, my best friend 1 ,.,,a,,,sk:..sec,.,dL __ __ (ask) me
to be the best man at his wedding. I hate weddings, so if
he
2
hadn't been
(not be) my best friend, I would never
Complete the sentences wit h the past simple or
past perfect form of the verb in brackets.
have agreed! The week before the wedding, my friend took
1 Rob was exhausted because he 'd had
busy day. (have)
have to do on the day. He 4_ __ _ __ (give) me strict
a
2 It took me a while to find my car because I couldn't
remember where I _ _ __ __ _ _ it. (park)
me for a meal and 3_ _ _ _ __ (tell) me what I would
instructions not to forget the wedding rings.
On the morning of the wedding, I 5_ _ _ _ __
3 My mother told us she _ _ __ __ __ well the
night before. (not sleep)
(wake up) late because my alarm 6_ _ _ _ __ (not go
7
off). If 1 _ _ _ _ __ (not go) to bed so late the night
4 The children said they _ _ _ _ __ __ hungry, so
I made them some pasta. (be)
arrived to pick me up before I 8_ _ __ _ _ (finish)
5 I'd have said 'hello' if I _ __ _ __ _ you. (see)
getting dressed. She 9_ __ __ _ (wait) in the kitchen
6 One of my aunts asked the bride if she
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ her own dress. (make)
7 I'd tell my friend if I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ her
boyfriend. (not like)
8 The guests said they _ __ _ __ _ _ the meal at
the reception. (not enjoy)
9 Jasmine was excited because her sister
_ _ __ __ _ _ her to be a bridesmaid. (ask)
10 We wouldn't have come if we _ _ _ _ _ _ __ you
were ill. (know)
before, I might have remembered to set it! My girlfriend
while I put on my suit, then we 10
(drove)
together to the town hall.
My friend asked me if 1 11_ _ _ _ _ _ (remember)
the rings almost as soon as he 12
me. In my rush to get ready, 113
(see)
(forget)
about them completely. It would have been a disaster if
my girlfriend 14_
_
_
_
_
_
(not bring) them. She
15_ _ _ _ _ _ (see) them on the kitchen table, and she
16
_ __
_
_
_
(put) them safely in her handbag. I don't
know who was more relieved, my friend or me!
157
d
Complete the second sentence so it has a similar
meaning to the first sentence.
'Nobody spoke to me at the wedding,' my mother
said.
3 VOCABULARY weddings
a
Complete the crossword.
1
My mother told me that nobody had spoken to her
at the wedding.
2 It stopped raining, then the bride arrived at the
church.
8
R
2
1
D
E
S
M A
D
3
When t he bride arrived at the church, it
3 We didn't miss the wedding because we took a taxi.
If we _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _, we would have
missed the wedding.
4
6
4 'What t ime d id you get home?' my friend asked.
My friend asked me _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
9
home.
5 They d idn't get married in the castle because it was
too expensive.
10
They _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ in the castle if it
hadn't been so expensive.
6 'I didn't have time to call you yesterday,' Lisa said to
her parents.
Lisa told her parents that _ _ _ _ _ __ __ __
to call them the day before.
7 The venue wasn't very big, so they didn't invite more
people.
T hey _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ if the venue had
been bigger.
8 I met the bride's mother at the engagement party, so
I recognized her at the wedding.
I recogn ized the bride's mother at the wedding
because _ __ _ _ _ _ __ __ atthe
engagement party.
ACROSS ➔
1 a woman or girl who helps a woman at her wedding
3 a party to celebrate a wedding
4 a man who helps and supports the man who is
getting married
6 having a husband or wife
7 having agreed to marry someone
10 two people who are together because they are in
a relationsh ip
DOWN+
2 a written request to attend a wedding
2 PRONUNCIATION sentence stress
4 a woman on or just before her wedding day
e9.3 Listen and complete the sentences.
5 a small boy who helps or follows a woman at
her wedding
a
If they'd .!.>Jkn'""'o"'-'w'-'-.!. .!.n___ about the roadworks
would have taken
the train
, they
2 We would have _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ if
we
3 When the
,she
that she'd
her
4 You said that you
the
5 As soon as he
her, he _ __ _ _ that
he'd
b
e9.3 Listen again and repeat the sentences.
8 a man on or just before his wedding day
9 people who are invited to a wedding
b Complete the text vvith the words from a.
ADAYTO
'}\sMEMBER
The last wedding I went to was about three years ago. The 1 bride
was my niece, Rebecca, and the 2_ _ __ _ was her partner, Ian.
They had been 3_ _ _ _ _ for about six months before the 'big
day'. I was very excited when I received the 4_ _ _ __ because
Rebecca was the first of my nieces and nephews to get married.
The wedding and 5_ _ _ _ _ were held in the same venue
- a large country house not far from where they live. They invited
6
about 100 _ __ _ _ in total. Rebecca had four 7_ _ __ _,
including her sister, Joanne. Two of her friends' sons were
8
_ __ _ _ . The 9_ __ _ _ was one of Ian's friends.
He made a very amusing speech when we had finished eating.
It was a lovely wedding. Rebecca and Ian are happily
10
and they make a great 11_ _ __ _
c
Write a short paragraph about the last
wedding you attended. Include...
VOCABULARY FROM READING
• when the wedding was and who was
getting married.
@the correct adverb and adverbial phrase.
• how you felt when you received the
invitation.
• where the wedding was held and how
many guests were invited.
• who played an important role in the
wedding.
1 I had never 19
been in my hotel room for a moment when I
heard voices outside the door.
2 One morning I At last, I was sitting at my desk when I heard the
sound of breaking g lass.
3 I'll never I already t rust him again after what he's done.
4 When I arrived, I was disappointed to find that my friends had
after that I already left.
5 After a journey lasting over 24 hours, we reached our destination
never I at last!
6 I got a taxi to the airport, and then I checked in. After that I
Already, I had a coffee and called my mum.
(0 Go online for more practice) ( C, Go online to check your progress )
159
Practical English Finding Henry
giving directions in a building
1 GIVING DIRECTIONS IN A BUILDING
2 SOCIAL ENGLISH
a
a
Re-order the words to make sentences and questions.
Dad's/ which / is / room/ way
Which way is Dad's room?
2 cafeteria / walk / the / the / down / past/ corrido r
Match 1-6 to a-f to make Social English
phrases.
1 Could you fetch
_ c_
2 Goodness
3 I can't
3 the / go/ ramp / to / up/ main doors/ the
4 I just wish
5 I must
4 should / numbers/ you / o n / doors / see I the / some
6 It's great
a admit,
5 through / I / them / go / should
b knows
c the glasses
6 get I corridor/ until / carry I some/ stairs/ on / you /to/ along /
the/ second
d to have you back
e wait
f you were here
7 you / is / rig ht / sure/ way/ are/ the/ this
8 third/ towards/ o f / the/ the/ corridor/ head/ end
b
Complete the conversation with the sentences in a.
Son
Mum, where are you?
Mother I'm in you r father's roo m in hospital. Where are you?
Son
Outside the main entrance. 1Wh ich way is Dad's room?
Mother Listen carefully, and I'll tell you. 2_ __ _ _ _ __
Go through the doors and wal k straight ahead.
Son
It says 'cafeteria'. 3_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _?
Mother Yes, I'm sure. 4_ __ _ _ ___ . Then t urn right.
Son
O K. I'm in another corridor.
Mother That's ri ght. 5
. Then go up t he stairs
and turn left.
Son
OK. I'm wa lking past the lifts. Why didn't you tel l me
there was a lift?
Mother Never mind about that. Listen. T here are some doors
after t he lifts.
Son
I've found the doors. 6_ _ ______?
Mother Yes, go through t he doors.
Son
Right. Now I'm in another corridor.
Mother That's right. You're nearly here now. 7_ _ _ __ _ _ _
Son
OK ...
Mother 8_ _ _ _ ____ . Your father is in Room 212.
Son
Right ... 208, 210 ... Here it is - 212. I'm here! Hi, Dad! How
are you feeling?
0 Go online to practise the Practical English phrases
b Complete the conversations with the
phrases from a.
1 A Phew, what a journey! But we're
here, at li3st.
I was
B Great. / must admit
beginning to wonder if we would
ever arrive.
2 A Sabine and I have got engaged.
B T his ca lls for a ce lebration.
Harry?
3 A I miss you so much!
all the t ime.
Don't
worry, we' ll be together soon .
B
4 A This time next week we'l l be in Paris.
B I know-
5 A You're very late. Did you get lost on
the way?
B Yes. _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ what
would have happened if we hadn't
had satnav.
6 A I'm so happy! _ _ _ _ __ _ __
M um.
B It's lovely t o be here.
Can you remember...? 1-9
1 GRAMMAR
4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY
Complete the second sentence so it has a similar meaning
to the first sentence. Use the word in brackets.
Read the text. Write one word in each
space.
I didn't buy you a present. I d idn't know it was your birthday.
(bought)
If I'd known it was your birthday, I _ _ _ _____ a present.
2 'Don't drive so fast,' said Mike's wife. (told)
Mike's wife _ _ _ __ _ __ so fast.
3 I'm sorry, but I can't go to your party next Saturday. (able)
I'm afraid I _ _ _ _ ____ to your party next Saturday.
4 It's raining. T hey've cancelled the football match. (because)
The foot ball match _ _ _ __ _ __ the rain.
5 Can I have my tablet back when you've fin ished with it? (give)
When you've finished with my tablet, please _ _ _ __ _ __
6 I've asked the supermarket to deliver my shopping. I couldn't
carry it home myself. (having)
I couldn't carry my shopping home, so I _ _ _ _ __ __
2 VOCABULARY
@the word that is different.
1 bush
gate
grass
2 glue
nail
screw
mug
hedge
3 curta in
half-time
stage
4 bunches
press-ups
stalls
sit-ups
stretches
5 aisle
column
nave
palace
6 bride
groom
guest
invitation
3 PRONUNCIATION
@the word with a different sound.
i
Ci?
fish
1 busy
dish
fringe
visa
tree
2 field
hill
stream
thesis
3 butcher's
buzz cut jug
mud
·~·
•¢!· clock
4 cockerel
florist's
fold
pot
~ horse
5 couple
saucer
torch
pour
Nichola met Darren online, they fell in love, and Darren
proposed on Valentine's Day.
On their 1_ _ _ _ _ day, the bride to-be went to
2_ __ __ her make-up done at a local department
store. When she saw what they'd done, she hated it and
rushed home to wash it off. At home, she found that her
parents, who didn't approve of the marriage,
3
_ _ _ _ _ decided they weren't going to the
wedding. Nichola put her children in the car and drove
to a hotel to get ready.
When she arrived, there was a problem with her
credit 4_ _ _ _ _, and when she eventually got into
her room, she realized that her daughter's bridesmaid's
dress was still at home. With 5_ _ _ _ _ make-up
or wedding dress on, and only half an hour to get ready,
Nichola got a text from her adult bridesmaid saying she
wouldn't be 6_ _ _ _ _ to come to the wedding
because her child was ill. Nichola burst into tears and
called the 7_ _ _ _ _, who was already at the
church with his best man. 'Darren was furious,' she said.
When he told her 8_ _ __ _ hurry up, Nichola got
even more stressed.
She drove home to get her daughter's dress. But the
church was 20 miles away and she knew she had missed
the wedding 9_ _ _ _ _, so she drove directly to the
reception for the celebration meal. Unfortunately, when
she got there, Darren 10_ _ _ __ her he didn't
want to marry her any more. 'It's not the kind of thing
you can get over easily,' he said.
( C, Go online to check your progress )
161
I
I love it .
Do you like Everyone is so
living in
friendly.
New York?
The land of the free?
G be, do, and have: auxiliary and main verbs
V British and American English
1 GRAMMAR be, do, and have: auxiliary and
2 PRONUNCIATION stress on be,
do, and have
main verbs
a
P stress on be, do, and have
a
Do the quiz with a partner.
e10.s Listen and repeat the sentences.
Underline the highlighted words if they
are stressed.
uch do you know
the
USA?
The capital of the USA is Washington, DC.
2 When are your friends arriving?
3 The world 's tallest skyscraper isn't in
New York.
4 Anne does Pilates twice a week.
5 Where does your sister live?
6 My brother doesn't like dogs.
7 I have a house in New Jersey.
8 How long have you known your best friend?
9 We haven't seen our cousins for ages.
The USA has more billionaires than any other
country.
2
In American English, the words colour and centre
are spelled the same as in British English.
3
Over 90% of Americans don't own a passport.
4
American men do an average of 15 minutes of
housework each day.
5
The world's first skyscraper was in New York.
6
In 1950, only 22% of adult Americans were single;
now the figure is about 50%.
7
English has always been the official language of
the USA.
c '/Cirde)the correct word to complete the
8
Texas used to be part of Mexico - it didn't join
the USA until the mid-19th century.
J) When are be, do, and have stressed?
b
~
be
1 is usually stressed I unstressed in
positive sentences or in questions.
2 is stressed I unstressed in negative
sentences.
do and have
3 are stressed I unstressed when they
are main verbs.
4 are usually stressed I unstressed when
they are positive auxiliary verbs or in
questions.
5 are stressed I unstressed when they
are negative auxiliary verbs.
The USA once had the world's biggest economy,
but it was overtaken by China in 2014.
In the USA, football is known as soccer. This is the
name which the sport had originally been called
at British public schools in the 1860s.
b
e 10.1 Listen and check. Correct the false statements.
c
Look at the bold verbs in a. With a partner,' @the ones
which are auxiliary verbs.
d
G) p.222 Grammar Bank 10A
Listen again. What vowel sound do are,
does, and have have when they are
unstressed?
d
8 Communication More facts about
the USA? A p.182 B p.186 Say sentences
to your partner, who must decide if they
are true or false.
3 LISTENING
a
4 SPEAKING
~10.6 Listen to six people who live in
New York talking about life there. Match
the speakers to the things they talk
about. Which speakers are negative?
bureaucracy
helpfulness
opportunity
a
gun culture
multiculturalism
sport
Historian Peter Conrad tells the story of
American influence across the world
since 1945. He describes America's
unstoppable creativity: its great and
bad art, its jeans and jazz, its cinema,
fast food and fridges, its space
travel and technologies that have all
Americanized our world.
b Listen again and complete the notes for
each speaker with examples that they
give.
1 Yannis from Greece
• on the subway you see different
_ __ _ and hear different
Look at the cover and read the
description of a recent book. What
do you think 'Americanization'
means? Do you agree that the world
has been 'Americanized'?
b
• nobody is surprised if you have a
PETER
CONRAD
HOW
THE
WORLD 111,,
WAS
,Wf
WON
The Americanization
of Everywhere
Th•tM••Hudson
Look at the photos and talk to a partner.
How important do you think these aspects
of American culture are in your country?
( Most films and TV series that we watch are American,
yes, I think they're very imp ortant here .. .
l_;o,
2 Crist ina from Croatia
• the game is too _ _ _ _
didn't understand the _ _ __
• the atmosphere is too _ _ __
3 Louisa from the USA
• easy to:
change your _ _ _ _ __ __
renew your _ _ _ _ _ _ __
4 Laura from the USA
• in Germany, no one helped her
with her _ __ _ at the
• in the USA, people _ _ __
_ _ _ _ for you, and carry
things up the stairs in the
5 Peter from the UK
• as an immigrant you can
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ that you
cou ldn't get back home
• likes the entrepreneurial
6 Sarah from the UK
• in Europe, people don't want to
_ _ _ _ _ _ __ themselves
• it's up to the police to _ _ __
_ __ _ of people and make
sure everyone is _ _ __
c
Is there anything they said that you
already knew or thought about
American culture? Is there anything that
surprised you? Do you think people's
opinions might be different in other
parts of the USA?
music
c
Think of examples of the same kinds of things from your
country. Which do you personally prefer: the American ones
or the ones from your country? Which do you think people
from your country generally prefer?
d
What things about your country are you most proud of? Do
you think any of them have had an influence in the world?
5 VOCABULARY British and American English
6 READING
a
a
Look at the title and the introduction
to each blog on p.165. Which writer is
British? Which is American?
b
Read the biogs. Write the headings in
the correct place. There is one heading
you do not need.
What do these American English words mean? Write the
British word.
American
British
1 cell phone
2 restroom
3 movie theater
4 high school
5 garbage
6 sneakers
7 elevator
8 apartment
9 zip code
10 check (noun)
A Being unfriendly
B Thinking we're stupid
C Not knowing how to spell words ...
or pronounce them
D Being a bit stingy
E Paying for health care
b
G10.7 Listen and check.
c
Match some more British and American words.
F Being too patriotic
British
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
G Being too nice
American
car park
mean (adj)
autumn
petrol
queue (verb)
garden
wardrobe
pavement
lorry
tap
a closet
b stand in line
c faucet
d fall
e parking lot
f gas
g truck
h stingy
sidewalk
yard
d
G10.8 Listen and check.
e
The following words exist in both British and American
English, but mean different things. Write Br or Am next to
the photos or definitions.
H Believing the stereotypes
Rushing to clear the table
c
Look at the highlighted words in the
biogs and read the whole sentences.
Decide whether they are adjectives,
nouns, or verbs. Then match them to
definitions 1-8.
_ _ __
great
(adj esp. NAmE) fantastic,
2 _ _ __ (adj, informal) strange in a way
that makes you feel frightened
3 _ _ __ (adj) shy and quiet
4 _ __ _
explain
5 _ _ _ _ (noun) a bird similar to a very
large chicken
1 purse
b
a
2 subway
a
an underground passage for crossing a road
b
an underground train
3 first floor
a
the floor of a building that is at ground level
b
the floor of a building that is one level above ground level
4 smart
a
clever, intelligent
b
well-dressed, elegant
5 ~aats
f
~
(adj) strange and difficult to
6 _ _ _ _ (noun) something people say
to express admiration, e.g. He paid me a ~
- he said I looked lovely.
7 _ __ _ (verb, informal) understand
8 _ _ __ (verb) move your head up and
down, e.g. to say yes or hello
d G10.10 Listen and check.
e
Do you find any of these things about
the Americans or the British annoying?
Are there any customs in your country
that might 'drive foreigners crazy'?
b
G10.9 Listen. Are the speakers British or American? What
would they say if they were the other nationality?
t) SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Vocabulary and Pronunciation > more British and American English
Six things
. do
that drive Brits crazy
By Ruth Margolis
By Maria Roth
American people are some of the friendliest you'll ever
meet. But occasionally, they do things that we find a
bit ...eccentric.
Americans love the British. They're so charming and smart!
But there are some things about them that we don't quite
understand.
1 Saying 'I love your accent!'
1
Before I moved to the USA, I never imagined that my London
accent made me sound intelligent. At first the compliments
were nice, but then a New York mum asked me to teach her
two-year-old how to talk like me. A bit too much, I thought.
When strangers in stores and people on the street make
eye contact, nod, or say, 'Hi!', it's OK to smile and say hello
back. We won't bite!
2
2
In America, people in shops say things like 'Ma'am, you
have been an awesome customer today', just because I
bought some toilet paper. I do not want that.
3
Oh, we fat Americans with our big cars and flags! Too many
Brits are convinced that this inaccurate picture of us is
true, and we are not amused.
3
American waiters love to please, but sometimes they're
too helpful. Over-enthusiastic waiters take away your plate
the second it's empty, even if no one else at the table has
finished.
4
4
It seems that some Brits would rather not leave a 15 to
20 per cent tip for their waiter. They may not realize that
waiters in the US are paid very low wages and depend on
tips to survive.
Insisting that turkey is tasty
There's a good reason why Brits only eat this bird at
Christmas. Turkey meat is dry and tasteless. But Americans
put it in everything - burgers, meatballs, lasagna everything!
5
Not wanting to 'share'
Brits are famous for being reserved - they never complain
or discuss their problems. But that's not the way we do
things here. We're more open with our friends, and even
with strangers, and when people don't share, we find it
strange.
5
We get it, you're proud to be an American. We Brits like our
country too, but to your average Brit, hanging a giant flag
from your house is a little bit creepy.
6
Overcooking vegetables
The authentic British way to prepare vegetables is to put
them in boiling water for a fortnight. We Americans think
this is weird and unpleasant.
Q)
~
:3
·.::
Q)
E
<(
u
a:,
a:,
6
Having to remove 'u's from words like 'colour' and change 're'
to 'er' in words like 'theatre' is a headache. And Americans,
please note: saying 'erb' instead of 'herb' and pronouncing
'fillet' as 'fillay' (without the 't') is not clever or sophisticated.
You are not French.
~
·;;;
..Q
We get it, in British English, 'trousers' means pants and
'pants' are really underwear. And the letter 'z' is 'zee' to
Americans, but 'zed' to Brits. We Americans just have a
different way of speaking and writing. It doesn't mean
we're stupid, and I promise we're not trying to offend you.
Q)
-E
(0 Go online to review the lesson ) -
ml
Please turn over your papers
2 PRONUNCIATION revision of
1 VOCABULARY exams
a
sounds
Look at the photo and describe what's happening.
• Who are the people in the photo? How old do you t hink they are?
• Where are they? What are they doing?
a
• How do you think they are feeling?
• Who else is probably in the room?
b
do g_ssay fail multiple-choice oral/ speaking pass
retake revise (for) take true or false written
2
"
/
7
~
6
11
fail ed
studied
cheated
7
~
m arks
answer
exam
8
9
5
~
,\ +
·1·
work
o ral
report
6
b
G10.12 Listen and check.
c
Look at the sentences. What sound does
each of the pink letters have? Practise
saying the sentences.
2
9
I
3
/
verbs
I
5
3
--
8
"
4
"'---11
EXAMS
--
types of
exams
Which word has a different sound? Say
the three words aloud and then@
the one you think is different.
revises
prepares
gives
Complete the mind map with the words and phrases from
the list.
cheat(in)
practical
Probably
What's the
my French
hardest exam speaking
you've ever
exam!
done?
4
10
types of
questions
13
12
c
G10.11 Listen and check.
d
G Communication Describing a photo A p.181 B p.183
Describe the photos and discuss the topic.
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Vocabulary > more exams
9.
essay
th esis
degree
·t i
school
g ood
childh ood
i
written
idea
practise
j
guess
t est
result
.,
wro ng
professor
college
1
2
3
4
5
6
I went to a very g ood sch ool.
She answered all the exam questions.
My report said that I'd worked hard.
I need to practise for t he written exam.
He cheated in the exam, but he sti ll fail ed.
There are some excellent professors at my
co llege.
7 I was really nervous when I got my t est
results.
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Pronunciation > /::JUI
3 LISTENING & SPEAKING
a
0 TIP: Multiple-choice listening
• Read the questions carefully before you listen.
Tell a partner about the last time you took an
exam or test. Did you pass or fail? Why?
• After listening once, eliminate any answers that you are
sure are w rong.
• Make sure that~ of the information is correct in the
option you choose. Don't choose it just because it
contains a word or phrase that you heard in t he recording.
d
b
1 Mark had problems wit h his history O level because ...
a he didn't have time t o f inish the questions.
b he hadn't prepa red the right questions.
c he had drunk too much coffee t he night before.
2 Sophie fa iled her d riving t est t he first tim e because ...
a she didn't follow the examiner's instructions.
b she didn't realize t hat what th e examiner asked her to
d o was a t rick.
c she stopped somewhere where it wasn't safe.
3 Diane 'froze' in her French oral exam because she ...
a couldn't remember the right wo rds.
b had told the examiner a lie.
c could n't understand the examiner's q uestions.
4 Paul did bad ly in his GCSE chemistry...
a b ecause he'd done very little work for it.
b because his m emory failed.
c alt hough he t hought he'd done well.
Read about exams in England. What is the
exam system in your country?
Exams in England
Age 11 Most children go straight to a secondary
school without taking an exam, but in some parts of the
country, children can still take an exam called the 11 +
if they want to go to a school which selects the most
academic children.
Age 16 Students take exams called 'GCSEs' in 8-12
different subjects. Before 1988, students took similar
exams, called 'O levels'.
Age 18 Students can take final exams called
'A levels' in 3 or 4 different subjects of their choice
before leaving school. They need good results in these
exams if they want to go to university.
c
G10.13 Listen to Mark, Sophie, Diane, and
Paul talking about their experiences with
exams or tests. Who ...?
mentions an exam or test that they fa iled
2 used to f ind exams stressful
Listen again. Choose a, b, or c.
e
Ask and answer the questions with a partner.
If you are still studying
' If you are no longer studying
How do you usually prepare
for a big exam .. .?
How did you use to feel
about taking exams? Can you
remember any p art icul arly b ad
ones?
a) during the p revious
weeks, b) t he nig ht before
-J.,
-J.,
What's the hardest exam
you've taken recently? W hy
did you fi nd it so hard? How
did you do?
Did you use to revise a lot
before exams? Did you revise
right up to the last moment?
-J.,
-J.,
Have you ever done much
better than you expected
in an exam? W hat about
one w here everything went
wrong? What happened?
Is there an exam that you're
really pro ud of having passed?
-J.,
Do you think you will ever
have to take any more exams
in the fut ure? Why (not )?
___J
D o you think exams are a good way of testing how much
people know? Why (not)?
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Go online for extra Listening
4 WRITING
6' p.195 Writing An exam task Writ e an essay for an
exam.
I
5 READING
a
Is there a university entrance exam
in your country? How difficult is it
considered to be?
b
Read the article about the gaokao (/gaokau/), China's national
university entrance exam. How does it compare with similar
exams in your country?
A nation prepares for the dreaded gaokao
SHANGHAI, 5th June - Tomorrow, cities throughout
China 1 will close roads near schools, prohibit
the hooting of car horns, and even change some
aeroplane flight paths, so that nine million students
can concentrate on the gaokao, the three-day-long
national university entrance exam.
To prepare for the exam, students memorize past
exam papers and try to guess what questions 8 will
be asked this year. All candidates answer questions
in Chinese, maths, and English, then choose two
additional subjects: history, geography, physics,
biology, chemistry, or political ideology. Some of the
unusual essay questions that 9 have appeared on past
papers include:
• 'An Englishman dreams of living in Western China
in another era. Write a story based on this.'
• 'Why chase mice when there are fish to eat?'
• 'Talk about water.'
• 'Why do we want to return to our childhood?'
University places are scarce in China, and most
students 2 are not going to have a chance if they do
not do well in the gaokao, a name which means 'high
exam' in Mandarin Chinese. The stakes are very high
indeed: a place in a top university will almost always
lead to a high-paid job after graduation. For millions
of Chinese students, the exam is an important chance
to improve their lives, and because most families
3 have only one child, the pressure on candidates is
intense.
We spoke to students who 4 h adn't been out with their
friends for many months, and who 5 were studying all
the time that they weren't sleeping. And while some
cram, others cheat. Each year, candidates 6 are caught
with high-tech devices such as wireless earphones, as
well as pens and watches with tiny scanners. James
Bond would be proud.
Teachers' lives are difficult, too. One gaokao tutor
7
explained her schedule: morning exercises start at
6.10 a.m., evening classes end at 10.00 p.m., students
get only one day off a month - and teachers must
spend that day marking practice exams.
The exam 10 has been criticized for testing endurance
rather than intelligence. Small reforms 11 wer e made
to the exam a few years ago, but little has changed
overall. More and more Chinese students 12 have been
moving overseas for university, or even secondary
school, just to avoid the gaokao. The number of
candidates who sit the exam has fallen dramatically
in recent years, from 10.2 million in 2009, to 9 million
this year.
However, at the same time, the gaokao 13 is beginning
to be more widely recognized abroad. The University
of Sydney has said it will accept gaokao scores from
Chinese students in place of its own entrance exam.
China may not need to reform the gaokao after all - it
will reform the rest of us.
""'E
f.'.:
/0
[j
C
"'C
u:
..,"
.L
E
g
'U
~
0.
"'
~
0 TIP: True / False reading
• Quickly read the text for the main ideas,
then read the statements carefully.
7
a
• Re-read the text carefully and look for
information that shows whether each
statement is true or false.
c
Read the article again. Mark the statements
T (true) or F (false).
1 During the gaokao, nobody is allowed to drive
in cities where the exam is being held.
2 Unless you do well in the gaokao, you probably
won't get a place at university.
3 The exam gives young people the opportunity
to do better in life.
4 Students preparing for the exam still have time
for a social life.
5 Students always find different ways to cheat.
6 The gaokao was mentioned in a recent James
Bond film.
7 Gaokao tutors only have one day a month when
they don't have to work.
8 Science subjects are optional in the gaokao.
9 Some people don't like the exam because they
don't think it shows how intelligent you are.
10 More Chinese students are taking the gaokao
now than ever before.
d
0 VIDEO LISTENING
Watch the documentary
Speaking exams - top tips for
success. Why is the speaking
exam the most stressful? What
is the very best way to prepare
for the speaking exam?
b Watch again and complete each gap with 1-3 words.
1 You should arrive at least
beforehand, in order to feel
2 Make
contact, smile,
and
throughout the exam.
3 Look
respond to your partner's
suggestions, and ask for their
4 Always answer in
sentences
and add more
5 Don't
if you don't understand a
question. Just ask the examiner to
it.
6 Don't memorize whole
or
7 Don't just say
- try to
explain it in a
way.
c
Now watch an examiner giving you a task and discuss
the picture below with a partner. Use some of the tips
you heard in the documentary.
What do you think about the gaokao? What
do you think is the best way to decide
whether someone should get a place at
university or not?
6 GRAMMAR revision of verb forms
a
Look at high lighted verbs 1-13 in the article.
With a partner, match them to the tenses
and forms below.
present simple(/ make ...)
present continuous (I'm making ... )
present simple passive (/tis made...)
past simple (/made ...)
past continuous (/ was making ...)
past simple passive (It was made ...)
past perfect simple (/ had made...)
future with will (I will make.. .)
future with be going to (I'm going to make... )
will passive (It will be made... )
present perfect simple (I've made... )
present perfect continuous (I've been
making ...)
present perfect passive (It's been made ...)
b
0 p.223 Grammar Bank 10B
0 Go online to watch the video and review the lesson
GRAMMAR
VOCABULARY
a ~a,b,orc.
a
1 They asked us how long __.
a did we live there
b we'd lived there
c had we lived there
2 She _ _ she couldn't remember my name.
a said b told c said me
3 He asked whether
British or American.
a I was b was I c I am
4 We told them __ make so much noise,
but they didn't turn the music down.
a not to b don't c that they didn't
5 I said that I
be late.
a wouldn't to b won't c wouldn't
b
Complete the sentences with the correct
form of the verb in brackets.
He wouldn't have passed the exam if he
_ __ _ _ __ so hard. (not study)
2 If we'd had a smaller wedding, we
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ less money. (spend)
3 He _ _ _ _ _ _ _ go to university if
he'd had better exam results. (be able to)
4 I _ _ _ _ ___ much last weekend.
(not do)
5 _ _ _ _ you _ _ _ _ your
grandparents recently? (visit)
6 A I went on holiday to Turkey last month.
B _ __ _ you _ _ __ there
before? (be)
7 She _ _ _ _ _ _ too hard latelyshe looks exhausted. (work)
8 We got to the reception late and the
speeches _ _ _ _ _ _ _. (finish)
9 Work on the new bridge _ _ __ _ __
by the end of next year. (complete)
10 I ran to the bank but it _ _ __
already _ _ __ . (close)
11 Apple _ __ _ ___ more than 400
million tablets since 2010. (sell)
12 Why _ __ _ you _ _ _ _ biscuits?
It's nearly lunchtime. (eat)
13 Alex _ _ _ _ _ __ us his holiday
photos when the boss came in! (show)
14 It's only 9.00 a.m. but she _ _ _ _
already _ _ _ _ at work for two hours.
(be)
15 The film _ __ _ _ __ in Japan in the
1960s. (make)
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the word
in brackets.
Her 60th birthday was a _ __ _ occasion. (memory)
2 He told me very _ _ __ that he was going to w in. (confident)
3 Alan felt very _ _ _ _ when he saw his newborn son. (emotion)
4 If you want to speak English well, both fluency and
_ _ _ _ are important. (accurate)
5 I don't like being asked _ _ _ _ questions. (person)
b
Write words for the definitions.
1 a woman on her wedding day _ _ __
2 the holiday taken by a newly married couple _ __ _
3 a male friend or relative who helps the groom _ _ __
4 a formal social occasion to celebrate something _ _ __
5 the people invited to t he wedding _ __ _
c
Write Br or Am, and give the British or American alternative.
1
2
3
4
5
d
movie theater _ _ __
tap__ _ _
sneakers _ _ __
lift _ _ __
garbage _ _ __
6
7
8
9
10
toilet _ __ _
stand in line _ _ __
apartment _ _ __
pavement _ _ __
petrol _ _ _ _
Complete the words.
1 Most of my friends passed the exam, but I f_ _ __
2 The questions were all m _ _ _ _ -choice.
3 In my English exam, I had to write an e _ _ _ _ about the
importance of recycling.
4 I passed my driving test the first time I t._ _ _ _ it.
5 He ch. _ __ _ in the exam, so they gave him 0%.
PRONUNCIATION
a
Practise the words and sounds.
Vowel sounds
boy
ear
Consonant sounds
chair
car
t ourist
flower singer parrot
b
O p.238- 9 Sound Bank Say more words for each sound.
c
What sound in a do the pink letters have in these words?
1 autobiography
d
2 luxurious
3 t oilet
4 rather
5· wei rd
Underline the stressed syllable.
1 selculrilty
2 imlporltant
3 prolpose
4 brideslmaid
5 pracjtilcal
CAN YOU understand this text?
a
b
Read the article once. Do you ever do any of these
things when you're preparing for an exam?
How to learn without forgetting
Read the article again and complete it with verb
phrases A-G.
A allows more oxygen into your brain
B add related information
C recall the information you studied
D converts facts from short-term memory to long-term
memory
E retain information better
F think about the material more deeply
G need to study
0 CAN YOU understand these people?
G10.14 Watch or listen and choose a, b, or c.
To help yourself remember what you've
learned, it is useful to use a wide range of
study tips. Try these techniques - you will
be surprised to see how easy it can be to
remember things.
Make a study timetable Study when you are most
awake. This may be at any time of day. You will 1 if
you study a little each day (for 30 to 60 minutes at a
time). Remember to include breaks in your schedule;
take a short walk to help clear your mind.
Get enough sleep When you sleep, your brain 2 .
If you don't have time for a sleep during the day, revise
your notes at night before going to bed. Try to get
between seven and nine hours' sleep each night.
Talk about what you are learning Saying words out
loud and hearing them can be helpful - you could try
reading your notes to your dog! Study with a friend,
or try to teach the topic to a younger sibling. Teaching
someone else makes you 3 .
Write things down that you need to memorize This
process can help your brain recall it better. Take notes on
what you've read. Make a mind map - a diagram which
shows relationships between pieces of information place the main idea in the centre and use connected
branches to 4 . You can also make cards and write
important facts on them.
Take practice tests This can be a good tool to find out
what you know and which topics you still 5 . When you
finish a test, revise the material you didn't know and try
another in a few days.
Chew gum Some researchers believe that chewing
gum 6 , which helps you concentrate better. If you
chew a particular flavour of gum while studying, such
as peppermint, you may be able to better remember
information you studied if you chew the same gum during
your test.
Use your sense of smell Smells are often associated
with memories. Smell a perfume while studying. Then,
smell the same perfume just before your exam. You may
be able to better 7 .
Victoria
Jan
Keith
Royce
Diana
Victoria finds it difficult to remember
a people's names
b names of plants
c things she's eaten
2 Jan
a really enjoyed her first wedding
b got married very recently
c met her husband eight years ago
3 Keith thinks that _ _ has had a very positive influence
in the world.
a British TV
b American drama
c the American dream
4 Royce thinks fast food is _ _ .
a convenient
b unhealthy
c tasty
5 Diana had a bad experience in an exam because
she
a was very nervous
b couldn't think of anything to say for a short time
c hates oral exams
CAN YOU say this in English?
Tick (✓) the box if you can do these things.
Can you ...?
remember three things somebody said to you or
asked you yesterday, and report them
2
describe a wedding you've been to, or talk about
the kind of wedding you'd like to have
3
talk about the influence of American culture in
your country, and say what you think about it
4
talk about an exam you took that went really well,
or didn't go well at all
C) Go online to watch the video, review Files 9 & 10, and check your progress
The land of the free?
There is nothing wrong with America that
cannot be cured by what is right in America.
Bill Clinton, American ex-President
G be, do, and have: auxiliary and main verbs V British and American English
1 GRAMMAR be, do, and have: auxiliary and
main verbs
a ~ t h e correct form.
1 Have you ever' §! being on TV?
2 I didn't I didn't do my homework because I had no time.
3 We couldn't go out. It is / was raining.
c
P stress on be, do, and have
Complete the conversations with the correct
form of be, have, or do.
1 A What shall we =d=o_ _ _ _ tonight?
B Let's stay in. I
feel like
_ _ _ _ _ anything!
2 A Why _ _ _ _ _ you at home last weekend?
4 Did you I Have you heard the news? Amy and Ryan are
getting married!
B I _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ my bedroom
painted, so I stayed at my friend's house.
5 I can't give you a lift. My car is being I has been repaired.
6 You're back! Had you I Did you have a good holiday?
7 Have you I Had you read the book before you saw the film?
b
Decide if be, have, and do are the main verb or the
auxiliary verb in the sentences. Write MV (main verb)
or AV (auxiliary verb).
1 New York City was briefly the US capital from 1789 to
1790. MV
2 George Washington was made US President t here.
3 A
you call me last night?
B No, it
me. I would
left a message.
4 A
you ever
aerobics?
B Never. I
like
exercise.
AV
3 Visitors to New York City can see and do hundreds of
different things. __
4 The city has over 4,000 street food stalls. __
5 More than 250 feature films are shot in New York annually.
6 The New York subway doesn't close at night. __
7 Some of the subway musicians have played at Carnegie
Ha ll.
8 English isn't the only language that people speak in New
York.
5 A
your car already been
repaired when you went to pick it up?
B No, it
still in the garage.
6 A
you
homework yet?
B No, I
still
your
it.
7 A Why
your flight cancelled?
B Because of bad weather. They
put me on another flight for tomorrow.
8 A
your blood
you
pressure checked recently?
B No, but I
seeing the doctor
next week.
9 A
B Sorry, I
Mine
10 A
B No. I
anyone seen my phone charg er?
using it.
working.
you
dinner yet ?
know what to cook.
d
Write the questions.
3 VOCABULARY British and American English
how long/ you / have your car
How long have vou had your car?
a
Complete the crossword with the American English
word that means the same as the British English word.
2 you I do housework every day
,c
3 how long / you / learn English
2
4
3H
4 you I do any exercise yesterday
E
C
5 you / ever be to New York
5
K
6 what/ you / do next weekend
6
8
7
7 where/ be/ you/ at 10 a.m. this morning
8 when/ be/ the last time you/ have your hair cut
9
e
Answer the questions in d about you.
10
2
3
4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
5 _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ __ _ __ _
DOWN..1,,
ACROSS ➔
1 bill
3 secondary school
6
2 cinema
5 postcode
7
4 lift
8 flat
8 - - -- - - - - - --
- - - -- - -
6 toilet
9 rub bish
7 t rainers
10 mobile
2 PRONUNCIATION stress on be, do,
b
and have
a
Read the sentences. Tick (✓) if be, do, or have
is stressed and cross (X) if it's unstressed.
1 We aren't going out tonight.
✓
2 When are you going on holiday?
X
1 I love th e fall, when the trees are all different
colors. autumn
2 When I was a kid , we used to play outside in the yard all
day. _ _ _ __
3 She does aerobics to keep f it.
3 Please hang your shirts in t he closet. _ _ _ __
4 Who does the baby look like?
5 I have a friend in New York.
4 You can save water if you turn off the faucet when you're
brushing your teeth. _ _ _ __
6 Where have you been?
5 The worst thing about flying is having to stand in line at
7 Is it going to rain?
8 Why isn't th e baby asleep?
b
Write the British English word that means the same as
the bold American English word.
0)10.1 Listen and check. Then listen again
and repeat the sentences.
th e airport. _ _ _ __
6 Cyclists shouldn't ride on the sidewalk. _ _ _ __
7 Police closed the road this morning because a big truck
had broken down. _ __ __
8 It was pretty stingy of her not to g ive you anything for your
birthday. _ __ _ _
9 We're running out of gas. We'd better stop soon and fill
up. _ _ _ __
10 I left my car in the parking lot next to the mall. _ _ __ _
173
c
Read the pairs of sentences and decide which one is
British English (Br) and which one is American English (Am).
1 a I live on the first floor, so I always take t he stairs. -12.L
VOCABULARY FROM READING
@the correct word.
b Reception is on the first floor, just inside the front door. Am.
2 a Do you mind paying for the coffee? I forgot my purse, so I
don't have any money. __
b My purse has been stolen - that's my phone, my sunglasses,
everything! __
3 a Are you wearing long pants or shorts on the walk? _ _
b Have you packed any underwear? You'll need seven pairs of
pants for the week. _ _
4 a There's a subway under the main road - it's the only way to
cross.
b It's a long walk home from here. Let's take the subway. __
5 a Matt looked so smart when he got married. It was the first
time I'd seen him wear a suit.
b Harriet was the smartest pupil in the class, so everyone was
surprised when she failed the exam. _ _
d Write sentences to describe the pictures. Use British English
words to describe picture 1 and American English words to
describe picture 2.
Picture 1
The woman at the front of the queue is looking in her purse.
Elisabeth Moss is a fantastic actress. I think
s h e ' s ~ / weird.
2 OK, I get I nod it. It's my turn to do the
washing-up. You can stop looking at the
dishes now.
3 People began eating compliments I turkeys
in Britain in the sixteenth century.
4 My neighbour is really reserved/ creepy.
A lot of people are scared of him.
Picture 2
5 I saw her get I nod when I asked to leave
the room, so I knew it was all right to go.
6 I got some creepy I weird looks when I
wore my slippers to school by mistake.
7 You should only pay compliments I turkeys
to people if you rea lly think they look nice.
8 Otto's a bit creepy I reserved, but he's
quite chatty when you get to know him.
( Q Go online for more practice )
Please turn over your papers
G revision of verb forms
1 VOCABULARY exams
Do the best you can until you know better.
Then when you know better, do better.
Maya Angelou, American poet and activist
P revision of sounds
b Complete the texts with the words in a. Use the past simple
form of the verbs.
a
Complete the sentences with a word
from the list.
cheat do essay fail multiple-choice
oral / speaking pass practical retake
revise take true or false written
I have to =ta=k~e____ an exam at the end
of the course.
2 She was so nervous in the _ _ _ __
exam that she could hardly speak.
3 I'm going to stay in this evening to
_ _ _ _ _ for tomorrow's exam.
4 My pen stopped working in the middle of
the _ __ _ _ exam, so I had to finish it
in pencil.
5 You can only go up to the next level if you
_ _ _ _ _ the exam.
6 Candidates have to write a 500-word
answer to one of the three _ __ _ _
questions.
7 I got a really low mark in the exam, so I'm
going to _ _ _ _ _ it.
8 Answer the _ _ _ _ _ questions by
writing Tor Fin the space.
After three years of hard work, I remember very clearly how
stressed I felt when I 1took
my final exams at university. I
studied chemistry and I was relieved that the 2_ _ _ _ _ exam
was first as doing experiments had always been my favourite part
of the course. I was most nervous about the 3_ _ __ _ exam I've always hated that moment before you turn over the paper
to start. We had studied so many different topics during the
course and I 4_ _ _ _ _ for several weeks before. I was just as
worried when it came to the 5_ _ _ _ _ exam. Some people are
surprised that chemistry students have to speak in an exam, but
it's an important part of most science degrees. It was all worth it
in the end though because I 6_ _ _ _ _ everything. However,
some of my friends weren't so successful, and they 7_ __ _ _
some of the exams later in the summer.
9 We won't know which experiment we have
to do in the _ _ _ _ _ exam until it
starts.
10 Candidates _ _ _ _ _ the exam in
pairs.
11 It can be helpful to decide which options
are definitely wrong in a _ _ _ __
question.
12 I've got a bad feeling about this exam. I
think I'm going to _ _ _ __
13 Candidates who _ _ _ _ _ in the exam
will not be given a final mark.
We all know someone who has done something dishonest to
8_ _ __ _ in a test or exam. When I was at school, pupils wrote
notes on their hand before they 9_ _ _ _ _ an exam or looked
to see if the person sitting next to them had written 'T' or 'F' for a
10_ _ _ _ _ question, or had chosen option a, b, or c for a
11_ _ _ _ _ question. I'm a teacher now, and today technology
is a big problem with more and more students using devices such
as mobile phones and smart watches in exams. There's also a big
problem in my school with students who have to write long
12_ _ __ _ for their A levels who decide to buy them online
instead. One of my pupils did this last year, but they 13_ _ _ __
the course anyway because what they paid for was full of mistakes.
175
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -~,
2 PRONUNCIATION revision of sounds
a
Write the words in the chart according to the pronunciation of the letter a.
atteRG campus
'o""
essay
exam
fa il
marks
oral
pass
retake
seminar
.
cat
3
~car
~tram
1ffo
practical
-r@,€)
~ computer 4 attend
2
b G10.2 Listen and check. Then listen again and repeat the words.
c
Match the words with the same vowel sounds.
cheat
choice
·i. t .· 1 clock
~
.i j
i
guess
multiple
problem
option
eptie-A
report
j
rn
revise
true
written
6 egg
test
7 up
subject
2 tree
dream
3 bull
book
~ 8 boot
do
4 fish
finish
~ 9 bike
style
board
~
enjoy
~ 5 horse
d
could
10 boy
G 10.3 Listen and check. Then listen again and repeat the words.
3 GRAMMAR revision of verb forms
a ~ t h e correct form.
1~
/ We're having exams three times a year.
2 I know I I've known my girlfriend since school.
3 The sun shone I was shining when I woke up this morning.
4 Be quiet! The teacher is giving out I gives out the papers.
5 She's staying in tonight because she's going to I she'll revise.
6 / had I I've had lunch with a friend yesterday.
7 I took I I was taking my driving test six months ago.
8 He spoke I He has spoken to his teacher yesterday about his exam results.
9 /'m going to lend I /'I/ lend you my notes if you like.
10 Max couldn't go out because he spent I he'd spent all his money the night before.
similar
b
Complete the conversations. Use the correct form
of the verb in brackets. Contractions count as
one word.
c
Complete the text with the correct form of the
verbs in brackets.
1 A What's the p roblem w ith your hotel room?
B It hasn't
been
The last exam I 1 took
(take) was my driving test!
That was last June. I 2_____ (already / do) the written
test two months before. I was very nervous on the day of
the practical exam because I 3_____ (tell) that the
examiner was very strict. He looked very serious while I
4_____ (drive) around, and he 5_____ (not say)
much at all. But when I 6_ _ _ __ (stop) outside
the exam centre he told me I 7_ _ ___ (pass)! I
8_ __ _ _ (not can) believe it!
Since then, I 9_ _ _ __ (drive) my mum's car, but I
can't borrow it this week because it 10_____ (repair).
I 11_ _ _ _ _ (buy) my own car if I could afford it, but I
don't have enough money yet. I 12_____ (just/ offer)
a job with a construction company, so hopefully I
13_ _ __ _ (be able to) buy one soon. I 14_ _ _ __
(get) a smart car because they're easy to park in the city
centre. I probably 15_ _ _ _ _ (not go) on long journeys
with my car because petrol is so expensive.
cleaned
properly. (not clean)
2 A Why are you angry w ith me?
B Because I asked you _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _
the dinner and you haven't. (make)
3 A Can't you stay a bit longer?
_ __ _ _ home now.
B No, I
(go)
4 A How old are those houses?
_ _ _ _ _ in the 1960s.
B They
(build)
5 A Your hair loo ks nice.
B
j ust
it
. (cut)
6 A Why didn't Jack drive to work this morning?
B Because he
his car.
(not can, start)
7
d
Write a short paragraph about the last exam you
took. Include...
• which exam it was, and when you took it.
A Why don't we go to Australia for a year?
B Because I
my job if
we did. (lose)
• how you had prepared for it.
• what happened on the day.
• how the exam will affect your life in the future.
8 A Where did you grow up?
B I _ _ _____ _ __
_ _ _ _ _ on
the coast , but we moved to London when I was
five. (used, live)
9 A Why is she crying?
B Because her boyfriend said he _ _ _ __
_ _ _ __ her. (not love)
10 A Why didn't you speak to Mi llie?
B I didn't recognize her. If I'd known it was her, I
_ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ __ to
her. (speak)
(0 Go online for more practice ) ( (I Go online to check your progress)
177
I
•
•
mun1cat1on
1A MIDDLE NAMES QUIZ
1B THE COLOUR TEST Students A+B
Students A+B
Read about your chosen colour.
Do the quiz with a partner.
The colour test
Middle names quiz
Many celebrities are better known by their middle
names rather than their first names. Do you
know what these middle names are? How do you
pronounce them?
1 Christopher A ___ __ Kutcher
2 Laura Jeanne R
Witherspoon
3 William B___ __ Pitt
4 David}
Law
5 Hannah D
Fanning
6 Walter B
Willis
7 Thomas S
Connery
8 Robyn R
Fenty
9 James H
Laurie
10 Henry W
Beatty
grey You are quiet and thoughtful and
you prefer watching to doing. You don't
have strong opinions and you are afraid of
commitment. You usually prefer to let other
people make the decisions.
•
•
•
SB CITY OR COUNTRY? Students A+B
Ask and answer questions with a partner.
If you live in a large
town or city...
Imagine you moved to a
village or small town in
the country. What do you
think you would miss the
most about the city?
'V
has moved from the
➔ country to the city? Did
they stay? Why (not)?
If you live in a village or
small town in the country...
Imagine you moved to a
large town or city. What do
you think you would miss the
most about the country?
•
What do you think you
would enjoy the most about
the city?
Do you ever go to the
country? Why do you go?
Do you enjoy yourself
there? Why (not)?
Do you ever go to large
cities? Why do you go? Do
you enjoy yourself there?
Why (not)?
green You like having nice possessions
and you enjoy the good things in life. You are
often successful in what you do, because you
are quite persistent, and don't give up easily.
However, you worry about making mistakes.
red You are passionate and energetic,
and you live your life to the full. However,
you are often too impulsive and sometimes
make decisions without thinking enough. You
focus a lot on your own happiness, and so
sometimes you can seem rather selfish.
•
blue You are a loyal and reliable person
who likes to be in a stable relationship. You
are also a sensitive person and your feelings
can be easily hurt.
•
purple You like excitement, but you are a
bit immature and you can be moody. You are
often restless and you dream of doing things
which aren't likely to happen.
'V
What do you think you
would enjoy the most
about the country?
'1,
brown You would love to be charming and
attractive to others, but in fact you are rather
insecure. You don't like change and you
often worry about your health.
yellow You are optimistic about life. You
are a happy and positive person who enjoys
hard work and likes getting results. You are
also very sociable and enjoy being with other
people.
Do you know anyone who ...
has moved from the city
to the country? Did they
stay? Why (not)?
black You have strong ideas and you
would like to be confident and ambitious, but
you are a rather negative person and can be
quite stubborn. You are afraid of trying new
things and often say 'No'.
2A CAROLINE'S HOLIDAY PLANS
3A A REAL GROWN-UP? Student A
Student A
a
Carol Midgley Like many other people of my
age, I do plenty of things that aren't really adult at
all. Like a teenager, I never remember to charge
my phone. And I'm terrified ofbeing in a bar
or restaurant alone, even for a few minutes.
Why? I'm not five years old! So am I an adult?
The laws about age don't help you to find out.
At 16, you can work full-time, get married,
and join the army, but you can't drive or
buy an alcoholic drink. So when did I first
really feel grown-up? Maybe when I first went
abroad for work. in my early twenties. I was
alone in France, driving in the middle of the
night with a map on my knees and no phone.
That felt quite a grown-up thing to do. But the
time when I really became an adult was when my baby fell
and hurt her head. When I was lying by her hospital bed in
the dark, feeling very afraid, asking the doctors and nurses
about her progress, I had never felt more grown-up.
Ask and answer questions with B about Caroline's
holiday. Use the information below and the correct
form of the verb, present simple or present
continuous.
What time does she leave London()
( At eleven forty in the morning. What time
oes she arrive in Ibiza?
l_;f
At five past three in the afternoonJ
Thursday
11.40 a.m.
leave London Gatwick. flight EZ 8629
3.05 p.m.
arrive in Ibiza
Friday
_ _ _ _ have yoga class
10.00 a .m. go waterskiing with Emma (meet at rental shop)
Afternoon go sightseeing in _ _ __
a
Saturday
8.30 a.m.
Carol
• does t hings that aren't very adult, for example ... and ...
• thinks that the laws about being an adult are
confusing because when you're 16... but...
• first felt like an adult when ...
• became a real grown-up when ...
go on guided tour of the island
_ _ _ _ have dinner at Bambuddha (table booked in
Emma's name)
Sunday
8.00 a.m.
go on boat trip to Formentera
6.00p.m.
b Tell B about Carol. Use the prompts in a.
Monday
5.30 a.m.
Read about Carol. Complete the sentences.
(1 read about Carol. She does things that aren't
\.;ery adult for example, she never.
get bus to airport
_ _ _ _ leave Ibiza, flight EZ 8630
10.00 a.m. arrive London Gatwick
c
Now listen to B tell you about Hugo.
d Which of the two people do you think is more
b Check your answers by comparing your notes.
3B SPOT THE DIFFERENCES Student A
Describe the picture to your partner. Your partner has a
very similar picture. Find nine differences between the
pictures.
In my picture, there's a .. in the foregro undJ
(_There isn't one in my picture. There's a...
grown-up?
SA TV DRAMAS Student A
a
Read about the TV series and check your answers
to Sb.
PE3 REPORTING A MISSING PERSON
Student A
a
You are going to report a missing person. Read
your role and decide on the details.
A Forbrydelsen - The Killing
A Danish detective drama.
You are sharing a flat in London with a friend from
your country. The address is 23 Barrow Street,
London, W2 7EG.
The series is set in Copenhagen, and follows
detective Sara Lund. The first season is about the
hunt for the killer of a schoolgirl. The series was
also remade for American TV.
• Decide which of your friends it is and where you
last saw them.
You saw each other in the morning.
B Se Ouien Eres - I Know Who You Are
• Decide what time and where you had planned to
meet.
You had arranged to have dinner together at home.
A Spanish crime drama.
Juan Elfas is a successful lawyer in Barcelona who
loses his memory in a car crash. At the same time,
his 23-year-old niece disappears and her blood is
found in his car - but has he murdered her?
You got home at 5.00 p.m., but it is now 10.00 p.m.
and he/ she hasn't turned up, and isn't answering
his / her phone.
You are worried and go to the police.
C Les Revenants - The Returned
• Decide what your friend's normal routine is.
A French mystery drama.
This supernatural series is set in a small mountain
town in France. People who have died begin
reappearing, and try to continue their lives with
family and friends as if nothing has happened.
Then more people begin to die.
b
B is a police officer. He/ She will ask you
questions about your friend, and write a report.
B will start.
c
Swap roles. You are now a police officer. B is
going to report a missing person. First, think
about what questions you need to ask.
D Suburra - Blood on Rome
An Italian political drama.
'Suburra' was an area of ancient Rome and this is
a story of corruption in the modern city. Based on
real events, the plot involves the state, the Church,
property developers, and organized crime.
MISSING PERSON INFORMATION
Reported by Name
Address
Phone
b Read the texts again. Find the following
information for each series, if it's available.
Missing person
Name
Address
Description
- what kind of series it is
- where it's set
- w hat it's ab out
- the name of the main character(s)
c
(age and appearance)
Last seen
Wearing
Expected to see at
Now work with B and take turns to tell each other
about the series.
(]he Killing is a Danish detective drama. It's set in ...
for
Plans for rest of day
Normal routine
d
Interview B and fill in the form. Finally, tell B not to
worry and that you are sure the person will turn up
soon. You start:
( Come in and take a seat. Now, you want to report a
missing person, is that right?
l
e
•
Together, d ecide what happened to your friends .
6B WHAT'S IT CALLED? Student A
PE4 RENTING A ROOM Student A
a
a
You are a custome r at a DIY store. You w ant to
buy the things below, but you don't know the
word. Bis a shop assistant. Have a conversation
with B, explaining what you want. He / She will tell
you the names of the things you want to buy and
where to find them . Write the names. B will start.
You have a two-bedroom flat and you want t o
share it with someone. B would like to rent the
other room. He/ She is coming to see you. First,
look at your house rules and decide if there is
anything you'd like to add.
House rules
•
•
•
•
J) Paraphrasing
Sorry, but I can't remember I don't know the word.
I'm looking for a thing I things that you use for +
verb+ -ing.
It's a kind of. ..
It 's like ...
•
b Greet B. Tell him/ her about the house rules, and
answer any questions. You start.
( Hi, come in. Nice to meet you ... If you don't mind, I'm
l_Joing to start by telling you about the house rules ...
b Now you are the shop assistant. Listen to B
explaining what he/ she wants to buy. Ask
questions and decide which of the things below
they are. Tell B what they are called (spell the
words if necessary), and where to find them.
You start: Can I help you?
No smoking
Share kitchen - keep food on 2nd shelf of fridge
Don't use washing machine or dryer after
10.00 p.m.
Make sure to lock door (two keys) when going out
c
Decide if you would like to rent the room to B.
d Swap roles. You are looking for a room to rent. B
has a room in his/ her flat. You are going to meet
B. B will tell you about the house rules. You also
have some questions to ask. Decide if there is
anything you'd like to add.
string /stnl)/
padlock /'predlok/
Sellotape
/'sekite1p/
pegs /pegzl
•
•
stapler /'ste1pl;:,/
•
glue /glu:/
How good is the wi-fi?
What's public transport like?
OK if you practise your electric guitar?
_ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ ?
e
Go to meet B and talk about the flat. B will start.
f
Decide if you want to rent the room.
10B DESCRIBING A PHOTO Student A
a
Describe your photo to B. Say who the people are, where they
are, and what is happening.
b Listen to B describing his/ her photo. What do the two photos
have in common?
c
Discuss the questions together.
1 Does this kind of thing often happen in exams or tests in your
count ry? What methods do people use?
2 Do people usually get caught? Why (not)?
3 How do you t hink people should be punished for t his behaviour?
4 If you saw a friend cheating in an exam or test, what would you do?
7A GIVING IT AWAY Student A
8B LOCAL HISTORY Student A
a
a
Read the article and answer the
questions.
Think about the area where you live and write down the
information below. Write the names or places only. (Don't
try to translate place names or names of festivals, etc.)
Who is Mr Lucky?
2 What is the we-are-lucky.com project?
3 What did Lucy do with some of her
£1,000?
4 What kinds of people have received money
from Mr Lucky?
5 Why does Mr Lucky think the project is
creating positive feelings?
1 a famous person who has a connection here
2 an interesting or unusual historic building or site here
3 something that is or used to be made or grown here
4 a festiva l that is celebrated here every year
5 a typical dish which has been made and eaten here for many
years
b
Give your paper to B. Bis a tourist. He/ She will ask you
about the names and places on your list. Give as much
information as you can.
c
Now you are a tourist. Look at B's list of names and places,
and ask B about them.
we-are-lucky.com
What's the Ponte de/la] (It's a new bridge ~hich was finished in
Costituzione?
2008. It was designed by Calatrava ...
J l,_
10A MORE FACTS ABOUT THE USA? Student A
r Lucky is a mystery millionaire
who gives away money to strangers.
We know some things about him.
He is from London, he worked abroad for an
insurance company, and by the age of 37, he
was so rich that he was able to retire. At first,
Mr Lucky didn't know what to do with all his
money. He thought about giving it to a charity.
But in the end, he decided to start a project
called we-are-lucky.com, in which other people
choose how to spend his money for him. So far,
he has given £1,000 in cash to more than 100
people all over the world to do 'something
good'. Lucy, for example, runs a small bookshop
in London. When Mr Lucky met her, he liked
her openness and her dedication to her shop
and gave her £1,000. Lucy then decided to pass
on some of the money by giving a bonus to a
colleague, which she couldn't previously afford
to do. So far, the lucky people have included web
designers, nurses, taxi drivers, bar owners, and
photographers. Mr Lucky says he enjoys giving
the money away, and people are enjoying giving
the money to someone else, so there is a chain
reaction of positive feeling.
M
b
a
Read sentence 1 to B. Try to use the correct stress. B will
guess if it's true or false.
b
Tell B if he/ she is right, and explain why. Continue with
sentences 2-5.
Texas is the largest state in the USA. True or false?)
(J think that's false.
That's right. Alaska is the largest. It's more than twice]
the size of the second largest state, which is Texas.
J
Are these statements true (T) or false (F)?
1
2 50% of Americans don't speak English at home.
False. 20% speak a language other than English at home. About 8%
don't speak any English at all.
Tell B about Mr Lucky and his project.
Use your answers in a to help you.
c
Now listen to B's story.
d
Would you prefer to receive £1,000 which
you have to spend on other people, or
$100 which you can spend on yourself?
Texas is the largest state in the USA.
False. Alaska is the largest. It's more t han twice the size of t he
second largest state, which is Texas.
3
American workers have less paid holiday than workers in other
countries.
True. Most Americans have 10-20 days of paid holiday a year.
4
Americans buy more Mexican salsa per year than ketchup.
True. $680 million was spent on salsa last yea r. compared to
$420 million for ketchup.
5 No American has ever won the Nobel Peace Prize.
False. Over 20 Americans have won the prize. including Martin
Luther King. Jr. and Barack Obama.
c
Now listen to B's sentences and say if you think they're true
or false.
2A CAROLINE'S HOLIDAY PLANS
3A A REAL GROWN-UP? Student B
Student B
a
Hugo Rifkind I'm pretty sure I'm an adult.
Ask and answer questions with A about Caroline's
holiday. Use the information below and the correct
form of the verb, present simple or present
continuous.
I'm in my late-30s, and I have two kids, a mortgage,
and a pension plan. Recently, I had a 20-minute
conversation, which I thoroughly enjoyed, about my
car. Today, there are no longer important events that
mean you are an adult. A few generations ago, when
a boy turned 16, he started wearing long trousers
instead of shorts, and left home to raise a family.
Now we stay longer in the family home, find it
difficult to become financially independent.
still listen to pop music, and still wear
T-shirts. It took my wife and I a very long
time before we had our own house. As for
having kids, well, that doesn't make you feel like
a grown-up. It just makes you panic. Maybe I'll
only really become an adult when I stop wanting
a big night out once a month, or four days a year
at a music festival, that sort ofthing.
What time does she leave London?.)
( At eleven forty in the morning. What time
oes she arrive in Ibiza?
l_;f
At five past three in the afternoon)
Thursday
11.40 a.m. leave London Gatwick. flight EZ 8629
3 05 p.m.
arrive in Ibiza
Friday
7.30 a.m.
have yoga class
10.00 a.m. go waterskiing with
(meet at rental shop)
Afternoon go sightseeing in Ibiza Town
a
Hugo
• thinks he must be an adult because he has ...
• thinks that it was clearer in the past when you became
an adult because at 16 a boy...
• says that adults now still do teenage things like ...
• says that having kids doesn't...
• thinks that he will become a real grown-up when ...
Saturday
8.30 a.m.
9.00 p.m.
have dinner at Bambuddha (table booked in
Emma's name)
Sunday
8.00 a.m.
6.00 p.m.
have massage at hotel spa
b
Monday
_ _ _ _ get bus to airport
8.35 a.m.
c
leave Ibiza. flight EZ 8630
108 DESCRIBING A PHOTO Student B
a
Listen to A describing his/ her photo.
b
Describe your photo to A. Say who the people are,
where they are, and what is happening.
What do the two photos have in common?
c
Discuss the questions together.
1 Does this kind of thing often happen in exams or tests in
your country? What methods do people use?
2 Do people usually get caught? Why (not)?
3 How do you think people should be punished for this
behaviour?
4 If you saw a friend cheating in an exam or test, what would
you do?
Now tell A about Hugo. Use the prompts in a.
l
d
Check your answers by comparing your notes.
Listen to A tell you about Carol.
(, e J al.Jou• f I go H,, , h,s la e-tt irties , e t n s he
must be an adult because he has ...
_ _ _ _ arrive London Gatwick
b
Read about Hugo. Complete the sentences.
Which of the two people do you think is more
grown-up?
a
SA TV DRAMAS Student B
68 WHAT'S IT CALLED? Student B
a
a
Read about the TV series and check your answers
to Sb.
E Engrenages - Spiral
A French legal drama.
The show is set in Paris, and follows the lives and
work of a team of Parisian police officers led by
Laure Berthaud, as well as the lawyers and judges
who work at the Pa/ais de Justice.
F Bron I Broen - The Bridge
A Swedish / Danish crime drama.
The first season begins with the discovery of a dead
body exactly in the middle of the bridge that joins
Sweden to Denmark, and further seasons continue
to be set in both countries. One of the highlights of
the series is the fascinating autistic detective Saga
Noren.
G El Marginal - El Marginal
An Argentinian police drama.
The series is set in Buenos Aires. Miguel Palacios,
who used to be a policeman, infiltrates a
dangerous prison to try to find the kidnapper of a
well-known judge's daughter.
b
H Dupla tdentidade - Merciless
A Brazilian crime drama.
Edu is a young man who appears to be smart and
sensitive, but is in fact a dangerous psychopath,
who is behind a number of crimes that police are
investigating in Rio de Janeiro.
You are a shop assistant at a DIY store. Listen
to A explaining what he/ she wants to buy. Ask
questions, and decide which of the things below
they are. Tell A what they are called (spell the
words if necessary), and where to find them.
You start: Can / help you?
broom /bru:m/
nails /ne1lz/
drawing pins
/'dr:):tlJ pmz/
bucket /'bAkrt/
mop /mop/
screwdriver
/'skru:dra1vg/
Now you are the customer. You want to buy the
things below, but you don't know the word.
A is a shop assistant. Have a conversation with
A, explaining what you want. He/ She will tell
you the names of the things you want to buy and
where to find them. Write the names. A will start.
b Read the texts again. Find the following
information for each series, if it's available.
- what kind of seri es it is
- where it 's set
c
- what it 's ab out
- the name of the main
charact er(s)
Now work with A and take turns to tell. each other
about the series.
(;piral is a French legal drama. It's set in ...
38 SPOT THE DIFFERENCES
Student B
Describe the picture to your partner. Your partner has a very
similar picture. Find nine differen ces between the pictures.
In my picture, there's a ,n the foreground:)
(}here isn't one in my picture. There's a...
J) Paraphrasing
Sorry, but I can't remember I don't know the word.
I'm looking for a thing I things that you use for+
verb+ -ing.
It's a kind of. ..
It's like ...
PE3 REPORTING A MISSING PERSON
Student B
a
7A
a
You are a police officer. A is going to report a
missing person. First, think about what questions
you need to ask.
G VING IT AWA
Student B
Read th e article and answer the q uestions.
1 Wh o is Jill Ginsberg?
2 What does Jill write about on her blog?
3 What did Mollie Dickson d o aft er she read the blog?
4 What did one child do in her project?
5 How has Jill changed as a result of t he proj ect?
MISSING PERSON INFORMATION
Reported by Name
Address
Phone
Missing person
Name
Address
Description
(age and appearance)
Last seen
Wearing
Expected to see at
Plans for rest of day
Normal routine
for
hundredsofhundreds.com
b
Jill Ginsberg, a doctor in Portland, Oregon, didn't use to
like spending m oney on h erself. So when she inherited
some money from her mother, she decided to use it to
m ake other people happy. Her plan was that every day
for a m onth sh e would give $100 to a stranger. After the
m onth ended, she didn't want to stop. She decided to
continue, and to give away 100 more $ 100 bills to lucky
strangers. On her blog, hundredsofhundreds.com, she
wrote about the people she met. Many people who read
Jill's blog wrote comments and shared her story on
Facebook. She star ted receiving messages from p eople,
m any of whom wanted to do something to help oth ers
them selves. One teacher, Mollie Dickson, started a class
project wh ere children chose differ ent things to do to
help strangers, for example, one girl visited children
with cancer in a local hospital. Jill was delighted to hear
about the pr oject, and wrote to the ch ildren to encourage
them.Jill is surprised by how much she's ch an ged. She's
stopped being careful with m oney, and the proj ect has
helped her get over the death of her mother.
Interview A and fill in the form. Finally, tell A not
to worry and that you are sure the person will turn
up soon. You start:
( Come in and take a seat. Now, you want to report a
l_.,,missing person, is that right?
c
Swap roles. Now you are going to report a missing
person. Read your role and decide on the details.
You are sharing a flat in London with a friend from
your count ry. The address is 15 Vine Road, London,
EC1 9AJ.
• Decide w hich of y o ur friends it is and where you
last saw them .
You saw each other at lunchtime.
• Decide w hat time and w here you had planned t o
meet.
You had arranged t o go to the cinema tog ether.
The fi lm started at 7.00 p.m . but your friend didn't
turn up.
It is now 11 .00 p .m., and he / she isn't answ ering his
/ her phone. You are worried and go to th e police.
• Decide what your friend's normal ro utine is.
d A is a police officer. He / She will ask you
questions about your friend, and write a report.
A will start.
e
Together, decide what happened to you r friends.
b
Listen to A's story.
c
Now tell A about Jill Ginsberg and her project.
Use your answers in a to help you .
d
Would you prefer to receive £1,000 w hich you
have to spend on other people, or $100 w hich you
can spend on yourself?
PE4 RENTING A ROOM Student B
8B LOCAL HISTORY Student B
a
a
You are looking for a room to rent. A has
a room in his / her flat. You are going to
meet A. A will tell you about the house
rules. You also have some questions to
ask. Decide if there is anything you'd like
to add.
•
OK to bring cat?
•
Where can you park motorbike?
•
OK to have a shower about 6.30 every
morning?
_ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ?
•
Think about the area where you live and write down the
information below. Write the names or places only. (Don't
try to translate place names or names of events, etc.)
1 an interesting or unusual building, bridge, or monument that has
recent ly been built here
2 a famous person who was born here
3 a special event that will take place here soon
4 typical souvenirs that are made or sold here
5 a popular tourist attraction here
b You are a tourist. Look at A's list of names and places, and
ask A about them.
Who's Joaqui:J ( He's a famous painter who lived here in the 19th
Soro/la?
l,century and did lots of paintings of the beaches...
Give your paper to A. A is a tourist. He/ She will ask you
about the names and places on your list. Give as much
information as you can.
c
b Go to meet A and talk about the flat.
A will start.
c
Decide if you want to rent the room .
d
Swap roles. You have a two-bedroom flat
and you want to share it with someone.
A would like to rent the other room.
He/ She is coming to see you. First, look
at your house rules and decide if there is
anything you'd like to add.
House rules
•
No smoking
•
No pets
•
Share kitchen - use recycling bins,
one for glass, one for paper, one for all
other rubbish. Don't leave washing-up
overnight.
•
No showers after 10.00 p.m.
10A MORE FACTS ABOUT THE USA? Student B
a
Listen to A reading some sentences about the USA. Say if
you think they're true or false.
b
Now read sentence 6 to A. Try to use the correct stress.
A will guess if it's true or false.
c
Tell A if he/ she is right, and explain why. Continue with
sentences 7-10.
The USA has more national parks than Europe. True or false'()
(J think that's false.
That's right. The USA has 59 nationa/J
parks, and Europe has a total of 366...
Are these statements true (T) or false (F)?
6 The USA has more national parks than Europe.
False. The USA has 59 national parks, and Europe has a total of 366.
However, the US parks cover 210,000 km 2, a larger area than all
the European parks.
e
Greet A. Tell him / her about the house
rules, and answer any questions. You
start.
7 The top holiday destination abroad for Americans is Britain.
False. Mexico is the number 1 destination for Americans travelling
abroad on holiday.
Hi, come in. Nice to meet you... If you don't
mind, I'm going to start by telling you about
he house rules ...
8
Q
f
Decide if you would like to rent the room
to A.
The USA has 5% of the world's population, but 25% of the
world's prisoners.
True. The prison population has increased by 700% since 1971, to
almost 2.2 million.
9 The Declaration of Independence was signed in 1876.
False. It was signed in 1776.
10 Haagen-Dazs is an American company.
True. It was started by the Mattus brothers in New York in 1976.
They chose the name because they thought it sounded Danish and
they admired Denmark and its culture.
Writing
1 DESCRIBING A ROOM
a
b
Read Ana's description of her room.
Would you like a room like this?
Why (not)?
Read the description again. Match the
information to the paragraphs.
the size and colour of the room
what furniture there is
which room it is and where
why she likes it
c
Complete the gaps in the description
with a preposition from the list. Some
prepositions are used more than once.
above
at
from
in
inside
on
with
d
You're going to write a description
of your favourite room. Plan the
description. Use 1-4 in b to help you.
e
Write the description of the room in
four paragraphs. Use Vocabulary Bank
Adjective suffixes p.224 to help you.
f
Check your description for mistakes
(grammar, vocabulary, punctuation, and
spelling).
I've just finished university, so I'm living
1 filmy parents' house at the moment,
2_ __ _ my o ld bedroo m. It hasn't
changed since I was a teenager.
2 It 's quite a big room, with one window. The walls are pale pink
and the d oor a nd the window fra me are much darker pink.
We painted the room when we first moved there when I was 13,
and I'm 23 now but I still love t he colour. Along one wall there's
a huge wardrobe with a full-length mirror 3_ _ _ _ t he
door, so I have plenty of space for a ll my clothes and shoes
and jewellery. There's a glittery disco ball hanging
4_ _ _ _ the ceiling 5_ _ _ _ t he middle of the room.
A
Op.1 s
3 My bed is painted bright pink, and has lots of cushions
6_ _ _ _ it. I have the same desk I've had since I was really
lit tle. It's pushed right up against the wall and 7_ _ _ _ the
desk there are some wooden shelves that my dad put up.
That's where I keep my d iaries, books, and some plants.
There's a lso a big p ink and yellow rug 8_ _ _ _ the floor.
There's an armchair 9_ _ _ _ the corner which my mum
didn't want any more. It 's got yellow and b lue stripes. It's rea lly
comfortable but quite ugly, and the colours don't matc h the
rest of the room. I've covered it 10_ _ _ _ a blanket which is
a lso pink to hide it.
4 Some people might think my room is quite girlie because it
has so many p ink things. It's a bit like me, I suppose, and that's
p robably why I still like it!
(0 Go online for more Writing practice )
2 HOLIDAY MESSAGES
Caroline
a
Read the holiday messages people have sent to
their friends. Who is on holiday now? Who is going
to have a holiday soon? Who has just finished a
holiday?
b
Read the messages again. How does each person
feel? What words and phrases or symbols do they
use to express their feelings?
c
Read the Writing messages box. Then rewrite the
last five messages using full sentences.
Having the most amazing experience
in Ibiza! Met fantastic people, but
have put on 3 kilos in 4 days!
1 4
p Writing messages
When people write messages, they often leave
out words in sentences, pronouns, for example,
and auxiliary verbs like I'm, I've, it's, and there
is/ are. This is acceptable in messages and
tweets but not in formal writing.
Mark
Another hard day: reading, having
a nap by the pool, eating, and
sunbathing. ·__;
P sa
Having the most amazing experience= I'm
having the most amazing experience.
Another hard day = It's been another hard day.
3 noisy children sitting behind me = There are
three noisy children sitting behind me.
d
Michael
Oh no! 3 noisy children sitting behind
me on my plane to LA. Going to be
the longest flight of my life.
18.02
Imagine you're having a four-day holiday. Plan
where you are going and what you are doing on
the days and times below.
•
•
•
•
•
the evening before your holiday
the first morning of your holiday
the second and third days
the last evening of your holiday
the day after your holiday is over
Haylee
---
48 hours until I'll be in Rio sipping
a piiia colada - or is it a caipirinha?
Can't wait!
18.05
Sheila
e
Write short messages to friends for each of the
days and times in d. Write them first in normal
sentences and then try to make them shorter, like
the messages in a.
f
Check your messages to make sure they are clear.
Can you make them any shorter?
Just got to Cuzco! So beautiful here!
After 13 hours on bus, am ready for a
shower!
18.33
Andrew
Packing bags. Holidays really stressful!
Not sure that want to go! ,_.
18.45
Op.29
Danielle
Got back an hour ago - plants dead
and no milk in fridge. Please send
me back to the beach.
19_11
Sam
Making the most of last glorious
morning in sun. Going home this p.m.
Back to work tomorrow. ~
10.28
3 AN ARTICLE
Three tips for taking great portrait photos
2
In most photos, the subject is
looking at the camera. This is often
a good idea, but there are other
things you can try. You might ask
the person to look at something
outside the photo. This can make
a photo more interesting - viewers
want to know what the person is
looking at. Or the person could be
looking at something (or someone)
that is in the picture.
a
b
3
Many people are very uncomfortable
when they are having their photo
taken and don't know how to relax.
One good idea to help them is to
photograph them while they are
doing something they enjoy, for
example, working, or chatting to
their friends or family. This will help
them relax, and you will get better
pictures. This is especially helpful if
you are taking pictures of children.
Look at the photos in the article from a photography
website. Which of them do you like? How are they different
from ordinary portraits of people?
Imperatives
Get up high and look down on your
subject.
Don't make people pose.
Read the article and write the headings in the correct place.
(There are two headings you do not need.)
Possibilities
The person could be looking at something
in the picture.
You might ask the person to look at
something outside the photo.
One good idea is to photograph people
while they are doing something ...
Another possibility is to sit on the floor.
Read the article again. Which tip do you think is the most
useful? Have you ever used any of these tips yourself?
d You're going to write an article with three tips on one of the
e Write your article. Use your plan and the
Useful language to help you.
following topics:
How to take good holiday photos
How to plan a successful holiday
How to use colour in decorating
With a partner, plan the content of each tip. Think of a
heading and say why the tip is helpful.
perspective of your photos, you can
make them more interesting and
unusual. Get up high, for example,
stand on a table or chair, and look
down on your subject. Another
possibility is to sit on the floor and
look up. Both of these angles will
make the photo more original.
p Useful language: tips and instructions
Don't make them pose
Try different angles
Move away from the centre
Take a close-up
Don't look at me!
c
If you change the angle or the
f
Check your article for mistakes
(grammar, vocabulary, punctuation, and
spelling).
p.47
( ( \ Go online for more Writing practice )
m
4 A LINKEDIN PROFILE
a
Linkedln is a website where you can connect with colleagues
and school or university friends, who might be able to help
you to find a new job. Read the beginning of Kate Lewis's
profile. What kind of company do you think Shopping Spy Ltd
is? What qualification do you think Kate is studying for?
c
Read the profile again. The computer
has found eight ~ - Can
you correct them?
d
Imagine you are thinking of looking for a
job. Plan your own profile.
Introduction
Give your name, employer's name, current
and prev ious jobs, and your education
level.
Kate Lewis
Summary
Paragraph 1
Describe your present situation. Say what
kind of job you are looking for and what
kind of person you are.
Paragraph 2
Give details about your work experience.
Intern at Shopping Spy ltd
London Retail
Shopping Spy Ltd
Current
Previous Zara
Education Currently studying at University College London
e
b
Now read the rest of Kate's profile and check your answers
to a .
Summary
I am ~ studying at University College London for a
degree in ~ and Marketing and will ~ in
June. I am looking for a position in retail or marketing in the
fashion industry. I am enthusiastic and hard-working, and
keen to start in my new ~
I already have some ~
working in fashion. At present,
I am working part-time as an intern at Shopping Spy Ltd.,
which is a website that helps shoppers find great shops and
sales in London. I work in the online team, which provides
essential information to customers and ~
- I have direct
contact with customers, which I really enjoy. I have also had
a part-time sales job at the Zara store in Covent Garden.
I greeted customers and ~ them with purchases. I also
~ out new stock, and worked at the till.
Experience
Intern
Shopping Spy ltd, London
September - present (9 months)
Sales assistant and cashier
Zara, London
June - September 2019 (4 months)
Write your profile for a site like Linkedln.
(Or go to linkedin.com and create a
profile.) Use the Useful language and
Vocabulary Bank Study and work p.229
to help you.
J) Useful language: writing a CV,
covering letter, or Linkedln profile
I am currently working at I studying
at...
I am looking for a position in the ...
industry.
I have ...years' experience working in ...
Punctuation
Use ~apital letters for company
names, countries, cities, and
languages.
f
Check your profile for mistakes
(grammar, vocabulary, punctuation, and
spelling).
Op.67
5 AN INFORMAL EMAIL
From: Bob Ayers
image001.png
~ 2nd April 13.05
To: Sally Ayers
Subject: What happened to spring?
Hi Sally,
Thanks for your email. Glad you're well. We're so pleased to hear that you're
enjoying London. Hope that you , _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ too hard.
When your mother and I woke up this morning, this is what we saw! The
calendar says it's 2nd April, but the weather doesn't agree. It 2_ _ _ _ __ _
for about four hours non-stop now. We 3_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to clear the snow
all morning, so that we can drive to the supermarket and buy some food . Luckily,
I 4_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to the weather forecast and they say it's all going to melt
tomorrow.
Apart from the weather, there's not much news. Your mum 5_ _ _ _ _ _ __
hard, as usual. This week I 6_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the sheep to a different field.
We also had a problem with the tractor and we 7_ __ __ __ _ for the
man to come and repair it. Fingers crossed he'll phone today...
What 8_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ you _ _ _ _ __ _ _ apart from working?
Miss you lots. Write soon, or at least send us a message!
Much love,
Dad
a
Read an email from Bob to his daughter Sally, who
is studying in London. What is the main subject of
his email? How does he feel about it?
b
Read the email again and complete it with verbs
from the list in the present perfect continuous.
Use contractions if possible.
e
Write the email. Use the Useful language to help
you, and follow 1-4 ind.
p Useful language: informal emails
Thanking someone for an email
Thanks for your email I message.
It was great to hear from you.
Glad you're well.
do list en move snow
not study try wait work
Mentioning previous emails
I'm so p leased I happy I sad I sorry to hear that. ..
c
Find and underline three examples of sentences in
which the subject pronoun (/, you, etc.) is missing .
d
Imagine you're replying to an email from a friend
or family member. Plan what you're going to write.
Asking someone to reply
Write (b ack) soon!
1 Thank him / her for writing, and react t o the news in
his/ her email.
2 Say what your main news is.
3 Talk about oth er things that you've been doing lately.
4 Ask what the person you're writing to has been doing,
and to reply to any questions in the email.
Looking forward to hearing all your news.
I can't wait to hear from you.
f
Check your email for mistakes (grammar,
vocabulary, punctuation, and spelling).
Op.a3
®
o online ~or more W~t ing pract ice )
I
6 A RESTAURANT REVIEW
a
b
Read the reviews again. Which person ... ?
1 organizes their review int o good points and then bad
points
2 gives more details about what they had to eat
3 explains why they were there and who they were
there with
4 summarizes their opinion
Read two website reviews of the same restaurant.
What do they agree about? What do they
disagree about?
Bistro Giacomo
Which person do you think gives the most useful
information?
Cuisine: Italian I Location: Covent Garden, Central London
C
Look at the highlighted words in the reviews and
work out their meanings. Then put the words in
the correct place in the Useful language box.
p Useful language: describing restaurants
positive ..
negative '-'
the service
friend ly
helpful
efficient
excellent
unfriendly
rude
slow
dreadful
the atmosphere
1~
dead
the room
cosy
quiet
spacious
romantic
cold
noisy
Reviews
Rafael, Barcelona
Value @@@@@ Atmosphere @@@@O
Service @@@@@ Food @@@@O
Great place for a pre-theatre dinner
My girlfriend and I had a lovely dinner
here before going to the theatre.
the food
The service was excellent. Although
we hadn't booked a table and the
restaurant was quite busy, we didn't
have to wait long for a table. The
atmosphere was lively, with great
music and people chatting.
Our dinner was perfect for a summer evening. For our starter,
we had a delicious brochette of cheese, mushrooms, herbs,
and vegetables. For our main, we had tuna fusilli, then
dessert and coffee. The bill was really very reasonable - quite
a bit less than in other similar places - and we were able to
get to the theatre in time for the performance. We'd definitely
go back another time.
4
5
the prices
expensive
7
d You're going to write a website review of a cafe,
bar, or restaurant you've been to recently. Plan
your review.
Either follow the style of the first review and give
the following information:
1 Say which place you went to, and who with.
2 Say why you decided to go there.
3 Describe the service and atmosphere.
4 Describe the food .
5 Say what you t hought about the prices.
6 Say whether you would go back or not, and if not, why?
Value @@000 Atmosphere @0000
Service @@@00 Food @@@@O
Good food , shame about the music
Pros: The service was friendly and helpful, and the food was
very fresh and tasty. The house wine was also very good.
Overall opinion: Did we enjoy it? Yes. Would we go again?
Not sure. There are plenty of other restaurants in the area
with a better atmosphere, good food, and quiet music.
good value
for money
overcooked
tasteless
nothing special
6
Zoe, Oxford
Cons: The music was too loud, so it was difficult for my friend
and me to have a conversation. We asked our waitress to
turn it down a little, but she said she couldn't. Also, there are
a lot of tables for the size of the restaurant, so we felt a bit
cramped. On top of that, it was a bit pricey - the bill was much
higher than we'd expected.
3
2
Or follow the style of the second review and use
the following headings:
Pros
Cons
Overal l opinion
e
Write your review. Use the Useful language and
Vocabulary Bank At a restaurant p.232 to help you.
f
Check your review for mistakes (grammar,
vocabulary, punctuation, and spelling).
0 p.9 7
7 DESCRIBING A BUILDING
The most beautiful building 1 which I've visited in my city is
the Hagia Sophia. It is situated in a historic part of Istanbul
called Sultanahmet.
2
The Hagia Sophia was constructed on the orders of Justinian I,
2
who was emperor of Rome from 527 to 565 AD. It was built
on the spot 3 which two other churches had burned down.
Construction began in 532 and the building was completed in
537. In 1453, it became a mosque, and it has been a museum
since 1935.
3
The Hagia Sophia was the world's largest cathedral for
nearly a thousand years and it is famous for its large dome.
It is surrounded by four tall minarets, each of 4 that is
different. There is also a lovely park in front of the building,
5
where you can relax and enjoy the view.
4
When you go into the Hagia Sophia, you can look up at the
dome, 6 that has beautiful Arabic writing in the centre. On
a
Read the description of the Hagia Sophia. In which
photo can you see a) a minaret, b) a mosaic?
the second floor, there are beautiful mosaics on the walls.
Some of them are more than a thousand years old. In t he
north-west of the building, there is a column 7 that has a
hole in the middle called the Wishing Column, 8 who people
think has special powers.
s The building is open from 9.00 a.m. to 5.00 p.m. (7.00 p.m. in
summer). It is closed on Mondays. There is an entrance fee of
60 Turkish lira (about 10 euros), but children under 8 are free.
~A
b Read the description again and match the
questions to paragraphs 1-5.
a
b
c
d
e
When is it open? How much does it cost to go in?
What does it look like outside?
What does it look like inside?
What's the most beautiful or interest ing building
in your t own or city? Where is it?
Who was it built by? When was it built?
c
Look at the highlighted relative pronouns. Are they right (✓)
or wrong (X)? Correct the wrong ones.
d
Which relative pronoun could be left out?
e
You're going to write a description of
a building in your town or city for a
tourism website. Plan what you're going
to write. Answer the questions in b in
the correct order. You may need to
research some of the information.
f
Write your description. Use the Useful
language to help you.
f) Defining and non-defining relative clauses
Relative clauses add information to a sentence about a place,
person, or thing. They are introduced with a relative pronoun
(who, which, where, whose and sometimes that).
• In defining relative clauses, the information is essential,
and that can replace who or which.
St Paul's is the cathedral which I that has a huge dome.
f) Useful language: describing a
• We can omit the relative pronoun when the verbs in
the main clause and the relative clause have a different
subject. where and whose can never be omitted.
There's the man (who) I saw yesterday in the park.
It was designed I built by...
• In non-defining relative clauses, the information isn't
essential and the sentence makes sense without it. We use
a comma before and after the clause (or a full stop if the
clause comes at the end of a sentence). We cannot omit
the relative pronoun, and that cannot be used instead of
who or which .
Christopher Wren, who designed St Paul's cathedral, is
buried in the crypt.
building
ft is situated in ...
Construction began I was completed in. ..
It is famous for...
When you go in / Inside, you can see ...
There is I are...
g Check your description for mistakes
(grammar, vocabulary, punctuation, and
spelling).
Op.1Js
(i Go~ nline for more Writing pract~
8 ASTORY
a
Read Matt's story about his wedding day. What problem
was there?
b
Complete the story with an adverb or adverbial phrase from
the list. Some can go in more than one place.
in fact
in the end
fortunately
luckily
unfortunately
p Adverbs
Adverbs can describe an action or modify adjectives or other
adverbs. They can be one word or a phrase, and can help to
make a story more vivid. Sentence adverbs refer to the whole
sentence and not just part of it. They usually go at the start of
a sentence and often show the writer's opinion.
c
Correct the ten underlined mistakes ( ~ , ~ ,
~
,and~).
d
Look at the exam question below.
• Your English teacher has asked you to write a story.
• Your story must have one of the following titles:
I won it!
It was so embarrassing!
A day I'd like to forget!
• Write your story.
You're going to write a story. Choose your title and think of
some ideas for your topic.
e
Plan your story. Think about:
1 where and when the event I moment happened
2 what was happening at the start of the story
3 what actually happened on that day
4 how you felt about it then, and how you feel now
f
Write your story. Use the Useful language to help you.
p Useful language: telling a story with sentence adverbs
Unfortunately I Sadly, there was a big traffic jam before
our wedding.
Fortunately I Luckily, we had a map and found a faster way.
Eventually I Finally I In the end, we arrived at the church
just before the ceremony.
Surprisingly I Amazingly I Interestingly, we were the first
people to arrive at the church.
In fact I Actually, we were the only ones there for 30
minutes.
g
Check your story for mistakes (grammar, vocabulary,
punctuation, and spelling).
Op.1s1
The most important
day of my life
I think the most important day of my life
was my wedding day. My wife and I got
married five years ago in a little church in
the countryside. The weather was perfect
- sunny and warm. It ~ ~ a very big
wedding - ~ about 20 ~ but it was very beautiful. However, there
was one problem. W e ~ a woman
to play the violin at the wedding ceremony
but 1_______ she~ and never
arrived. That was a ~ situation for all
of us. 2_ _ _ _ _ __ , there was a piano
in the church and one of the bridesmaids,
my wife's niece, was an excellent piano
player. She was prepared to play for us, but
she didn't really know any wedding music.
3_ _ _ _ _ _, my brother had his
iPad so we downloaded the score for some
wedding music, and 4_ _ _ _ __ _
our niece played the music very~s_ _ _____ , I think she was better
than a ~ musician because she
was part of our family, and of ~
it is a
great story. Now we have two small children
who love to ~
the story of our wedding
music.
9 AN EXAM TASK
b Read the essay again. In which paragraph does the
writer...?
a
Read the essay topic and the student essay. Does
the writer agree or disagree with the statement?
Your class has just had a discussion about exams
and education. Your teacher has asked you to
write an essay on the topic below. Write about
200 words.
Exams are not a good way of testing what
students know. Do you agree or disagree?
c
Paragraph
give his / her opinion and three
reasons for it
Paragraph
give a summary of his / her opinion
Paragraph
give an introduction to the topic
Paragraph
give a contrasting opinion
Read the essay again and complete it with a
connecting word or phrase from the list.
although
8 In most countries around the world, students are
tested on what they know through exams, both
at school and at university.
but
instead of
so
w hen
d You're going to write an essay for an exam. The
topic is:
f) In general, I think testing through exams
is a good thing. Firstly, it is a fair system
_ _ _ _ all students have to do the same
thing in the same period of time with no help.
Secondly, having exams makes students work
harder. It is well known that many students only
really work hard 2_ _ _ _ they know they
have an exam in the near future. Thirdly, the only
real alternative is continuous assessment. This
system benefits young people whose parents are
closely involved in their education and help them
with projects, 3_ _ _ _ it isn't as fair as an
exam. In continuous assessment, it is also much
more difficult to stop students from cheating
by using other people's work from the internet
4_ _ _ _ their own.
b ecause
It is not a good idea to cram the evening before an
exam.
Think about whether you agree or disagree with
the statement. Plan your essay in four paragraphs.
Use b to help you.
e
Write your essay. Use the Useful language to help
you.
J) Useful language: essays
Generalizing
In general,.. .
It is well known that.. .
Generally speaking, .. .
In most countries around the world,.. .
Giving your opinion
8 The only real disadvantage of exams is that some
I think...
In my opinion, ...
students get very nervous and don't do their
best, 5_ _ _ _ learning relaxation techniques
is a good way of helping with this problem.
Organizing points
Firstly I Secondly I Thirdly, ...
G In conclusion, 6_ _ _ _ the exam system is not
Contrasting opinions
The only real disadvantage of... is that. ..
One disadvantage of.. . is that.. .
perfect, it is, in my opinion, the best way there is
of testing students' knowledge.
On the other hand, .. .
Conclusions
In conclusion, ...
f
Check your essay for mistakes (grammar,
vocabulary, punctuation, and spelling).
Op.161
(
Go online for more Writing practice :
Listening
1
Interviewer Excuse me, I'm doing a survey. Can I
ask you some questions about your name?
Sean OK.
Interviewer So, what's your name?
Sean Sean Gibson.
Interviewer Is that S-E-A- N or S-H-A-U-N?
Sean S-E-A-N.
Interviewer Why d id your parents call you that?
Sean I think I'm named after the actor Sean
Connery, who played James Bond in the 60s. He
was st ill very famous at the time when I was born.
·interviewer Do you have a nickname?
Sean Yes, at school they used to call me 'Gibbo'
because of my surname, Gibson. I didn't really
mind it because most people were called by
some nickname or other.
Interviewer And are you happy with your first
name?
Sean Mmm, I like it. I was usually the only Sean
at school, which I think was quite a good
t hing. But people find it quite difficult t o spell,
especially as there are two possible spellings,
and most foreign people find it really difficult to
pronounce.
Interviewer Would you like to change it?
Sean No, no, I definitely wouldn't change it.
2
Interviewer So, what's your name?
Deborah Deborah.
Interviewer Is that with an h at the end?
Deborah Yes, D-E-B-O-R-A-H.
Interviewer Why did your parents call you that?
Deborah Ah, I'm act ually named after the hospital
where I was born, Deborah Hospital in New
Jersey - near New York. My dad thought of that.
Interviewer Do you have a nickname?
Deborah No, but everyone calls me Debbie or
Deb for short.
Interviewer Are you happy with your name?
Deborah Not really.
Interviewer Would you like to change it?
Deborah I don't know. When I was little, I started
calling myself April and then Caroline, but now I
don't like those names either.
3
Interviewer What's your name?
Khari Khari.
Interviewer How do you spell it?
Khari K-H-A-R-1.
Interviewer Sorry, K-A-H ... ?
Khari No, K-H-A-R-1.
Interview er Why did your parents call you that?
Khari It was my mum's idea. When she was young
she went travelling in the Himalayas and she
stayed at a monastery in Nepal called 'Khari' - I
think she said it was also the name of the lama.
Interviewer Lama?
Khari Yeah, the head priest there. You know, like
the Dalai Lama. Apparent ly Khari means 'the
precious one'.
Interviewer Oh, OK! Thanks, that's really
interesting. Do you have a nickname?
Khari No I don't.
Interviewer Are you happy with your name?
Khari Yeah.
Interviewer Would you like to change it?
Khari No, no way. My name's unique, I'm proud
of it.
4
Interviewer W hat's your name?
Anya It's Anya, A-N-Y-A.
Interviewer Why did your parents call you that?
Anya Well, my dad's half-Polish, and my parents
wanted a Polish name. My mum originally wanted
to call me Agnieszka, but my dad thought it
would be too hard to spell, so they decided on
Anya.
Interviewer Do you have a nickname?
Anya I do, but I don't want to tell you what it is - it's
too embarrassing.
Interviewer Are you happy w ith your name?
Anya Yes, I am - it's quite an unusual name in
t he UK. I only know one other Anya. I think it 's
more common in Poland, but there it's spelt
A-N-I-A.
Interviewer Would you like to change your name?
Anya No, I really like it. I often get compliments
about it.
,, 1
Interviewer Today we're talking to the Creative
Director of a business that names companies and
products. Welcome, John.
John Hello, Sarah.
Interviewer So, how do companies go about
choosing their names?
John Oh, in all sorts of ways. Many, like
Burberry clothes and accessories, and Ferrari
cars, are named after the people who started
t hem. Others are combination words, such as
Vodafone, which is from letters in the words
Voice, Data, and Telephone - though actually,
they changed the P-H in telephone to F. And
Microsoft comes from the words Microcomputer
and Software.
Interviewer Interesting ...
John And other names come from phrases in
the local language. A good example of that is
Samsung, the big Korean electronics company.
In Korean, Samsung means 'three stars'. The
name was chosen back in the year 1938, and at
that time three stars was the most impressive
rating that people could imagine fo r hotels and
things like that.
Interviewer So if they'd started the company today
they would probably have called it 'five stars' whatever that is in Korean.
John Absolutely. Some names even come from
Latin - the name of the cosmetics company
Nivea comes from the Latin word 'niveus', which
means 'snow white'. And t alking of Latin, t here's
another famous brand name with a classical
connection, which is Nike.
Interviewer I think I know this one. Nike is the
Greek goddess of victory. Is that right?
John Yes, exact ly. However, 'Nike' wasn't the
company's original name. When it started in
1964, its original name was Blue Ribbon Sports.
They changed their name to Nike a few years
later in 1971 .
Interviewer I didn't know t hat.
John And a name ideally needs to have a strong
sound. Take the coffee chain Starbucks, which
was founded by two teachers and a writer, who
decided to set up a business selling high-quality
coffee beans and roasting equipment. Their
advertising agency advised them that the letters
S-T were powerful, and so they brainstormed
words beginning with these letters and t hought
of a character called Starbuck from a 19th
century novel. The name d idn't have anything
to do with coffee, but they said that 'the sound
seemed to make sense'.
Interviewer And do you have a favourite brand
name?
John Well, one of my favourites is Bluetooth. This
one comes from the name of a Viking king,
Harald Blatand, so called because he had a dead
tooth which had turned blue - Blatand means
'blue tooth' in Danish. This king believed in
good communication bet ween people, which is
an excellent model for a company developing
new communication technologies. But also, the
logo for Bluetooth on your phone screen, the
B-shape, is made up of the two Viking letters for
the king's initials - the symbols for H (Harald) and
B (Blatand). I love that.
Interviewer Brilliant. Thank you so much, John, for
speaking with us this afternoon.
John You're very welcome.
, I •~
Look around you. Colour is everywhere in our lives.
Did you know that, according to some experts,
there are as many as 10 million possible colours in
our world, though many are too complex for the
human eye. So how much do you really know about
colour? Here are some fascinating facts.
Research shows that the world's most popular
colour is blue, followed by purple, red, and green,
while white, orange, and yellow are our least
favourite colours.
Works of art using the colour red tend to be more
expensive. This is because it's a powerful_ colour,
which is considered lucky in many countries, such as
China. The most expensive works by the artist Mark
Rathke, for example, whose paintings are ma inly
just blocks of colour, are his t wo red paintings.
The word orange didn't describe a specific colour
in English until t he 16th century, when it was nan:ed
after the fruit. Instead, people used t he old English
word 'geoluhread' which meant 'yellow-red'. This
is why we have the word 'redhead' for people with
this colour of hair.
Pink has a calming effect and reduces anger and
anxiety. Many prisons and hospitals paint their walls
pink, to make prisoners and patients less anxious.
In Imperial Rome, the colour purple was produced
with an extremely expensive dye made from
thousands of seashells. The colour symbolized the
power and wea lth of t he Roman Empire, and by the
fourth century AD, only the emperor was allowed
to wear it.
Mosquitoes are attracted to dark colours, especially
blue. So, if you're planning to be outside in the
evening in an area with a lot of mosquitoes, be
careful what colour clothes you wear.
There is no such thing as a green mammal, even
though it's a perfectly common colour for birds,
reptiles, fish, and insects. One reason might be that
most mammals can't see this colour, so it doesn't
help with camouflage.
Van Gogh said that yellow was the colour of
happiness, and it's the main colour of many of
his paintings between 1880 and 1890. The Dutch
painter suffered from epilepsy, and doctors may
have given him the drug 'digitalis', which can cause
people to see this colour very strong ly.
The safest colour for a car is white. Studies show
that it is t he most visible colour in all driving
conditions except snow.
Most diamonds in their natural state are brown.
These are used in industry as cutting tools rather
than in jewellery. The largest cut diamond in the
world is this colour. It was found in 1985 in South
Africa and weighs 109 grams.
The name for the colour black hasn't always meant
'dark'. It comes from t he root word bhleg-, which
meant 'to burn, gleam, or shine'. This may explain
why in languages like French and Spanish, blanc or
blanco are act ua lly the words for white.
These are just a few of the fascinating facts I
discovered when I was researching colour. The next
time you make a choice about colour, for example,
for a new car, do some research first to find out
exactly what it means.
In reverse order, here's the list of the things that
the British most often leave behind when they go
on holiday. At number ten we have - passports.
At number nine, flip-flops. Number eight, mobile
phones.
At number seven, toothbrushes, and at number
six, toot hpaste. At number five, sunglasses, and at
number four, a good book. So, to the things people
forget the most often. At number three, sunscreen.
At number two, phone chargers. And finally, the
number one thing people forget to bring is...
comfortable shoes!
The holiday season is here, and many of you
will be about to travel, and that means that you
need to start thinking about packing. Packing is
often something we do at the last minute, and we
frequently get it wrong - we take too much and
then have to pay for extra luggage, or we forget
some really important items. Often when we arrive
and unpack, our clot hes need ironing before we
can wear them. So, to make things easier, here are
my top eight tips for perfect packing.
My first tip is 'Don't pack t oo much'. Put all t he
clothes you think you want to take on your bed.
Then put a third of them, yes, a third, back in the
cupboard. And only pack things you really love,
otherwise you p robably won't wear t hem.
Now to my second tip. 'Keep some space in your
suitcase for shopping.' If you're planning to do
some serious clothes shopping when you're away,
or if you love buying souvenirs, or you want to buy
presents for the family, make sure there's some
empty space in your case. Think about what you
might want to buy, and how much space you'll
need.
My third tip is 'Pack in the right order'. Think about
your itinerary, and put your first day's clothes at the
top and your last day's clothes at the bottom. Then,
if you don't have space to unpack everything, you
can just leave your suitcase under the bed, and every
morning you'll easily find what you want to wear.
OK, tip number 4. 'Make sure your clothes arrive
looking good.' Learn to pack your clothes like a
professional. Roll your jeans, T-shirts, and pyjamas.
The only things you really need to fold are shirts
and jackets. Where possible, travel with clothes that
don't need ironing.
My fifth tip is 'Keep your chargers and adaptors
together'. We all need chargers for our gadgets
these days. Pack them all together in a separate
small bag, with adaptors if you're going to need
them. It's also a good idea to put this bag in your
hand luggage, and not in your checked-in luggage,
to avoid losing it.
Tip number 6. 'Use shoe bags.' Never allow your
shoes to have direct contact with your clothes - use
shoe bags to keep them separate, and put socks
and underwear inside your shoes.
Tip number 7. 'Think about airport security.' If
you're travelling with hand luggage only, put your
wash bag at the top or in an outside pocket of your
case, so you can easily take it out it at security. The
same is true o f laptops, tablets, and anything you
might need to put on a separate tray.
And finally, my eighth tip. 'Buy a travel wallet.'
It's a good idea to print out all your import ant
documents, like your itinerary or travel insurance,
and keep them with your passport in a special
wallet. It's true that nowadays you can keep a lot
of documents on your phone, including boarding
passes. But you might lose your phone, or it may
run out of battery just when you need it. So now
you're ready to go. Have a great holiday!
Carol I do a lot of shopping online. I love
how convenient it is you know, I can be in
my pyjamas and do the food shopping for
the week or clothes shopping, but one thing
I hate about it though is how difficult it is to
sort out any problems because, you know,
if you buy something in a shop, you go back
to the shop and you sort it out, but if you've
bought something online, returning it can be
a pain, especially getting something replaced
or changed if it's broken - it's just a huge
nightmare.
2 Alex I love online shopping. I guess because it's
so convenient, because I can do it at any time of
day or night and I can do it from home. I don't
particularly like going shopping so that's a real
bonus for me. But I hate having to send things
back, particularly shoes. They never seem to fit
when I buy them online.
3 David I do quite a lot of shopping online. Mainly
food - I usually do my supermarket shopping
on line. What I like best is that I don't have to take
the shopping home. I live at the top of a hill and I
used to have to walk up the hill with a whole load
of shopping bags. It was a real pain. The only
thing I really don't like is that on line, it's easy not
to notice what size the packets are, so you can
end up with a huge packet of things when you
only want a tiny amount. For example, I ordered
a box of tea bags and I wanted a small box of 40
bags, but I didn't read the description properly
and I ended up with a huge box with 460 tea
bags.
4 Anna I do a lot of online browsing, looking for
things I might buy. Not really for clothes, more
shopping for, kind of, cooking things, or things
on Amazon, present s for friends, that sort of
thing. I love the fact that you have access to all
kinds of shops, and access to brands that you
can't necessarily find in shops that are near
where you live. But I don't like not being able to
feel things or know exactly what the colours are they're often different from what you see online.
5 Chris I do a lot of shopping online because I'm
not very keen on going to places where there are
crowds of people and it's really busy. It's great
being able to avoid the big department stores
and shopping streets especially at weekends,
where you can hardly walk on the pavement
because there are so many people there.
The only thing I hate is people delivering things
when I'm not in. Some companies are really good
and give you a one hour delivery window, but
with others they say they'll deliver between eight
in the morning and seven in the evening, so you
stay in all day but then just when you need to go
out for an hour, t hat's when they come. That's so
annoying.
Part 1
Interviewer Welcome back. Up next , age and the
generation gap. We know how hard it can be to
tell someone's age, but in fact it turns out there
may be a way that's quite simple. It's called the
'Mosquito Tone Test ', and Mark is here to tell us
more.
Mark Thanks, Sue. The Mosquito Tone is a
sound - a very high p itched, very annoying
sound, which is why it's named after the insect.
What's interesting is that apparently as we age,
we slowly lose our ability to hear this sound.
According to scientists, almost everyone under
the age of 25 can hear the Mosquito Tone, but
almost no one over 25 can hear it!
Interviewer Really! Is that right?
Mark Yes. And to test this out, I actually played
the tone for my family last night. My wife
and I heard absolutely nothing at all, but our
teenage daughters could hear it, and in fact they
complained that it was an irritating sound that
was quite painful to hear.
Interviewer Oh no! Well, at the risk of irritating
some of our younger listeners' ears, why d on't we
play the tone briefly now?
Mark OK, here goes. I'm p laying the tone in 3, 2,
1...
Interviewer Have you played the tone yet?
Mark I just did. Or, at least, I think I did.
Interviewer Well, I suppose that just confirms that
neither of us are under 25!
Part 2
Interviewer Now Mark, apart from testing a
person's age, what is the Mosquito Tone being
used for?
Mark This has actually become an int eresting
controversy. Because the sound is so annoying,
and because only the young can hear it, the
Mosquito Tone is being used to keep teenagers
away from certain places.
Interviewer What kinds of places?
Mark Well, for example, from shopping centres. As
you know, in some towns you get large groups of
young people hanging around shopping centres
and causing trouble. And some shop owners say
that these gangs can annoy other customers, or
frighten them away, which is obviously not good
for business. So now these centres can play the
Mosquito Tone over their audio system, and the
groups of teenagers will feel uncomfortable and
leave the area. But of course the sound won't
annoy t he other customers at all, as they don't
hear it.
Interviewer Have you spoken to any of these shop
owners?
Mark Yes, I have, and they said that the Mosquito
Tone has worked very well for t hem. And they
also said that although it's true that the Mosquito
Tone is certainly very annoying, it doesn't hurt
the teenagers.
Interviewer It sounds like rather a good idea to
me. But you said this was a controversy. W ho's
against it?
Mark Well, there are some groups of people who
are trying to ban the Mosquito Tone. They've
pointed out a number of problems with it. Firstly,
they worry that the sound really is harmful, but
more to the point they say that t he Mosquito
Tone affects all young people, some of whom are
well-behaved and just want to go shopping. And
fina lly, they say that the Mosquito Tone doesn't
actually stop the problem of teenage gangs, it
just drives them from one place to another.
Interviewer Those do seem like good points.
Mark Yes, indeed. And there's also an interesting
twist. Some teenagers have discovered an
advantage to the Mosquito Tone.
Interviewer Oh yes?
Mark Well, t he Mosquito Tone has also been
released as a ringtone for your mobile. So in
secondary schools that don't permit mobile
phones, teens can use their phones in class.
They can receive calls and messages during
lessons and teachers don't have any idea what is
happening.
Interviewer Because the teacher can't hear itl That
must really annoy them.
Mark That's right. And if they can't hear it, they
can't ...
Go online to listen to the audio and see all the Listening scripts
You don't need expensive photographic equipment
to take amazing photos. The camera on your phone
can be just as good. Here are my top ten tips for
taking great photos on your phone.
Tip 1 Be ready. It may be an obvious thing to say,
but remember to charge your phone and to keep
your lens clean. I carry a charger with me most of
t he time. A lso, keep your phone in your hand, not in
your bag. I always keep my phone in camera mode
so that w hen I unlock it, it's ready to take pictures.
Tip 2 Don't think twice. Take photos whenever you
want and of whatever you want! There's nothing to
lose. Some moments will never be repeated. If you
don't like your picture, you can always delete it, but
you can't turn back time.
Tip 3 Learn about your phone camera. Read your
phone manual, and make sure you're using your
camera in t he best way. Sometimes little tips can
really help you to improve your photos. Learn
how you can control the exposure, or focus on the
objects better. Know the strengths and weaknesses
of your phone camera. My iPhone isn't good at
night photography, so I try to only use it in the day
t ime.
Tip 4 Don't use zoom. Don't forget that this is just
a phone. It doesn't work like a camera wit h a DSLR
lens. If you want to take a close-up of something,
use your legs and move nearer!
Tip 5 Light is important. Good photography is
all about using light well. Even the most boring
composition will be saved by good use of light,
whether it 's day or evening.
Tip 6 Use the grid. Imagine your picture is divided
into nine equal squares. This is called 'the grid'. The
important p arts of your photo should b e positioned
where t he lines cross. Learn to use t he grid, and
then, just as importantly, learn to do without it.
Tip 7 Choose unique angles. Try looking at objects
from a new perspective. Take a picture from t he
dog'sviewl
Tip 8 Don't stick to one style. A lot of people
nowadays t ry to take photos in the same style or
colours. Don't do this! Show your creativity. Take
any photos you like, landscapes, port raits, or .
unusual compositions. Your own unique style will
develop.
Tip 9 Select and edit. Be selective! Choose only
your best pictures and then edit those. There
are many apps t hat will help you to do this. But
remember that sometimes a picture can be better
without any filters.
Tip 10 Make your pictures come alive. Print your
pict ures, send them as postcards, give them to your
friends, and hang them on your walls. Holding your
photos in your hands is such a lovely feeling, much
nicer than looking at them on a screen.
I
Chris I took t his photo last year when I was in
Uganda. I was there working for three weeks
with a charity, and before going back to London,
the two friends I was working with and I decided
to go and see t he mountain gorillas which live
in the rainforest on the border of Uganda. On
the day of the trek, I was feeling very nervous
because I wasn't sure whether I would manage
it. I'm not very fit, and we basically had to walk
up the mountain in the rainforest until we found
the gorillas, which could take as long as five or
six hours. Luckily, after two hours, just when
I was wondering if I could carry on, we found
t hem. The first gorilla we saw was this Silverback,
which is t he large dominant male in the group.
I couldn't believe my eyes - he was so close,
only about a couple of metres away. I'll never
forget that moment. We stayed with the gorillas
for an hour, and then walked back down again.
I love this photo because it reminds me of that
moment, how proud and relieved I was to have
got there, and probably the most amazing
wildlife experience I've ever had. I keep it on my
computer as my desktop background and _when
I'm sitting working in rainy Eng land, tt reminds
me of another world.
2 Tom So, I took this photo in Australia, when I
was visiting my girlfriend, Roz. She was studying
out there for a year. It was taken in Byron Bay,
which is the most easterly point of the Australian
mainland. We were out walking along the beach,
and in Byron, when the sun sets, it's a really
special occasion, lots of people go out onto the
beach and watch the sun set over the bay, and
so I took t his photo just as the sun was sett ing. I
really like t he photo because I have some great
memories of Byron Bay and Australia, because
I'd been there before on my own, and I was
really glad t o go there with Roz. It was a really
happy t ime of my life and we were having a
lovely holiday. And I like that you can see the
silhouettes of people on the sand and in the
water and I love the way the light comes off the
sea and sand. It's one of several photos, actually,
from that trip, that we printed and it's in a frame
on a wall in our house.
3 Kate This is a photo I really like. Me and my
partner, David, were staying with friends who
live on the edge of Dartmoor, a really wild and
beautiful place in Devon, in the south west of
the UK. We had a big lunch, and then we all
decided to walk up to the top of the hill behind
their house. The weather wasn't very good on
most of the walk, in fact at one point it rained
quite hard, but when we got to the top, the sun
came out and there was a glorious blue sky,
and we could see the most fantastic view of the
countryside. We asked another walker up there
to take t he photo for us. That's me and David in
the middle, in red and green, with our little black
dog. I like this photo because it's so colourful
and we all look really happy - it was just a lovely,
memorable day. I have the photo on my phone
and my iPad - at the moment, it's my Face book
profile photo.
Part 2
Interviewer So how did you come up with the
idea?
Tessa Well, I've always been worried about food
waste. My parents have a farm in t he north of
England, in North Yorkshire, and I learnt as a
child how much hard work goes into producing
the food that we all eat. And so I grew up with
the belief that food should be eaten, it ought
not to be thrown away. But I got the idea for the
app when I was living in Switzerland and I was
packing up my flat because I was going to move
back to the UK. When the removal people came
to take all my things, I still had in my fridge some
potatoes, a cabbage, and some pots of yogurt.
The men told me to throw away the food, but
it seemed such a terrible thing to do, to throw
away good food. The removal men didn't want
it and my neighbours were out, and I thought
to myself, 'This is absolutely crazy...t his food is
delicious. Why isn't there an app where I can
share it with someone nearby who wants it?' And
so the idea for OLIO was born ... When I told my
friend Saasha about it ...
Interviewer You co-founded O LIO with your friend
Saasha, is that right?
Tessa Yes. Saasha has always been passionate
about recycling, and when I told her my idea, her
eyes immediately lit up - she got very excited. In
just an hour of talking, we'd come up with a name
and made a plan.
Part 3
Interviewer So what happened next?
Tessa The first thing we did was some research,
in order to understand how big the problem of
food waste was, and what we discovered truly
shocked us. For example, did you know that in
the UK, t he average family throws away £700
worth of food each year? That adds up to 12.5
bi llion .. . £12.5 billion that's going straight in the
bin! But our research also showed that one in
t hree people feel really terrible when they throw
away good food. But just because people hate
throwing away food, that doesn't mean they'll
take the next step, which is to share food. We
needed a cheap and quick way to test whether
our food sharing idea would work.
Interviewer How did you do that?
Tessa We invited 12 people from our research
survey who said they hated throwing away good
food, and we put them all in a closed What sApp
group. We asked them to post photos of any
surplus food they had into the group for two
weeks, and see if anyone wanted it. Event ually,
someone posted an item - half a bag of onions!
And then more and more items of food were
shared. Then, when the trial was over, we met
face to face with everybody who took part,
and asked for feedback. The conclusion was
unanimous - 'it's an amazing idea'.
Interviewer So when d id you actually launch the
app?
Tessa We launched it on 9th July 2015. The very
first version of the app could only be used in
North London. But now it's being used in 41
countries.
Interviewer So people love it and are using it?
Tessa Absolutely. We get loads of messages on our
website, and there was one the other day from
this guy - I'm going to read it to you - he said, 'I
had some vegetables I knew I wouldn't have time
to eat and wit hin an hour they'd been collected
and I suddenly felt like a hero!' That's so great.
People are helping each other, and helping the
planet, and feeling good all at the same time.
Part 1
Interviewer Recently in the news, students and
graduates have been complaining about how
interns are treated, basically about t he fact t hat
many people doing internships are either very
badly paid or not paid at all. We asked Jake
Butler from t he website savethestudent.org to
give us the facts. Hello Jake, nice to have you on
the programme.
Jake Hi there.
Interviewer So what's the current situation with
interns getting paid?
Jake Well, I'd like to make it clear t hat at Save
the Student, we're strongly against unpaid
internships. And thankfully, the situation is better
than it used to be.
Interviewer But are unpaid internships actually
legal?
Jake They can be. It all depends on your status
as an intern: that is, whether you qualify as 'a
worker' or not. And the law isn't completely clear
about what being 'a worker' means.
Interviewer So how do you know if you should be
getting paid?
Jake Well, if you're promised a contract for future
work once the internship period is over, then
you are an employee, so you're entit led to the
National Minimum Wage - that's £7.70 an hour
- or t he National Living Wage if you're over 25,
which is £8.21 an hour.
Interviewer Are there any other situations in which
you should definitely be paid?
Jake Yes. If you spend your day doing jobs that
would usually be done by a paid employee, then
you should also be paid the Minimum or Living
wage.
Interviewer So when is it legal for an employer not
to pay an intern?
Jake You don't have to be paid if you're doing an
internship as part of your universit y course, or
if you're doing school work experience. And of
L
In
L
In
course, if you're volunteering for a charity.
Interviewer A ny other situations?
Jake Yes, you also don't have to be paid if the
role you have is similar to work experience
or shadowing - where you are in an office or
another workplace just to observe and learn
about what's going on rather than actually
working. But, and this is very important, if you're
not getting paid for doing an internship, you
shouldn't be given fixed working hours.
Interviewer So the import ant thing is to know your
rights?
Jake Absolutely!
Interviewer Thank you very much, Jake.
Part 2
Interviewer We're now asking people who either
are int erns, or have just been interns to phone
in and tell us about their experiences. Our first
caller is Rosie. Hi Rosie, and thanks for calling. So,
what's your experience?
Rosie Well, I wanted to work in fashion, making
hats, to be precise, and in the fashion industry,
it's almost impossible to get a job unless you do
an int ernship first, so I did several.
Interviewe r And did you get paid?
Rosie The most I got was about £15 a day for
lunch and transport. Companies get so many
applications for internships that they don't need
to pay you .
Interviewer So it wasn't a good experience?
Rosie Actually, it was. It was very hard work, but I
learnt loads about designing and making clothes.
I sometimes worked later than 11 p.m., and that
wasn't easy, but then I'd look in the newspapers
and I'd see a model wearing a hat t hat I'd helped
to make, and then I felt great.
Interview er But it can't have been easy to survive,
financially?
Rosie No, it wasn't. My parents were able to help
me a bit, but I had to earn money by working in
a bar as well.
Interviewer Would you recommend doing an
internship?
Rosie Oh yes, overall, I t hink they're brilliant. I'd
definitely advise someone to do one - despite
the hard work and t he debt, you learn so much
that it's worth it.
Interviewer Thank you, Rosie. Our next caller is
Lauren. Hi Lauren.
Lauren Hello.
Interviewer So what was your experience like?
Lauren I've done four internships in Publicity.
My last one was two months at a small Public
Relations agency. They paid for my travel
expenses and lunch, and I learnt a lot. It really
helped me when I applied for jobs because I
knew what I was talking about.
Interviewer So, a good experience.
Lauren Absolutely. But in the other three, I worked
ten-hour d ays, six days a week, and I got no
money at all, so I also had to work in a pub to
support myself. And each t ime they told me, 'Do
well and there'll be a job at the end of it.' But
then there were no jobs. It made me so angry.
nterviewer And were you working during these
internships, or was it more observing others?
.auren I was working really hard. In fact, during
one of those internships, the manager went
on holiday for a month and I had to manage
everything. And in another one, I worked from
home, using my own phone, and I wasn't paid
a penny, not even to cover the phone bill. I only
met the boss once - it was all done by email.
She promised me a job after three months, but it
never happened.
1terviewer So you felt you were being exploited?
auren Yes, totally.
1te rview er I'm really sorry to hear that, Lauren ..
fresh food and fresh fish, the peace and quiet.
Int erview er How do you watch TV programmes,
on a television or on anot her device?
I watch programmes on TV if I'm at home, or
on my laptop, or on my iPad. I might watch
something on my phone, if I was, I don't know, I
suppose when something has happened on the
news, I might watch it live, or something like that.
2 Interviewer Do you 'two-screen' while watching
TV? What kinds of things do you do?
Yes, I can often be guilty of perhaps checking
emails on my phone, or perhaps even doing a bit
of online shopping while I'm watching TV. In fact,
yesterday I was watching Masterchef, you know,
the cookery competition, and I bought some
small cake t ins that you needed to make, to make
a chocolate thing t hat one of the contestant s was
making.
3 Interviewer Do you normally watch live TV or
catch-up?
Both, t hough nowadays I watch more catch-up.
But I watch the news live and football, or tennis Wimbledon - things like that.
4 Interviewer Have you ever binge wat ched a TV
series? How many episodes did you watch in one
go?
I haven't done it for a long time, but I did once
watch eight episodes in one sitting of Mad Men
the American series. But as I say, it was a long
time ago.
5 Interviewer Do you use a streaming service like
Netflix? What do you like about it?
I have Netflix and I also buy t hings off Amazon
Prime Video - is that a streaming service? I don't
really use them for films, more for TV series, like
old ones I missed when they first came out. For
example, a few months ago, I watched all the
episodes of Brideshead Revisited, the original
series from the 80s, because I didn't see it then,
but I'd heard that it was very good.
6 Interviewer How often do you watch YouTube,
or on line channels like Apple? What kinds of
things do you watch?
I sometimes wat ch YouTube - it's usually if I have
a problem with my laptop or my phone and I
want to find out how to fix it, and I sometimes,
I sometimes, use it for watching people cook
recipes. In fact, I've just watched someone
preparing a fish dish, because I'm going to cook
it this evening.
7 Interviewer Do you ever interact with TV shows
by voting for contestants?
Not very ohen, b ut I do like Strictly Come Dancing
and I have voted several times for contestants,
when they've done a really good dance. And
once, I was addicted to a TV show where the
contestants were auditioning for a part in a West
End musical and I really liked one young singer,
so I voted for him every week. And eventually, he
won, and I remember shouting and jumping off
the sofa when the results were announced!
I used to live in a village in the province of Sakarya.
It was an amazing place to live - j ust so beautiful.
There's a large lake nearby and the hills are covered
with pine t rees - people go to picnic t here. The
coast is also not far away. When I lived there, it
was as if time had stood still. People worked in the
fields. Some things were annoying ...there was no
running water or electricity- we had our own well
and generator- and there was only one shop. We
had to wait for a minibus from the nearest town
to bring fresh bread and the newspapers every
morning! I worked in a school in a nearby town - in
fact, the one that sent the bread and papers. I used
to think, when I was living there, that there wasn't
much choice of things to do, things to buy, but
I made my own ent ertainment - I played tennis,
went for walks, played t he piano. In the end, I had
to move for work, to Istanbul, which is the biggest
and noisiest city in Turkey, and now I really miss the
~
Liz When I moved in, the house was cold and
absolutely f ilthy, and the cooker didn't work. I
discovered everything in the countryside is more
expensive: you have to drive miles to find a shop
where everything costs twice as much as in my
local supermarket in London. Local restaurants
are really expensive and if you tell th e waiter that
you're a vegetarian, they look at you as if you
were from Mars. I never fitted in. I think that in
the country, if you're a woman, you'll never be
accepted unless you're a full-time mum. Anot her
thing I hated was the shooting! I love animals, I
had two horses and t wo dogs, and I just couldn't
pass a group of men with g uns, shooting rabbits
and deer, without getting out of my car and
saying, 'Do you really have nothing better to do
on a Saturday morning?' That didn't make me
very popular. I became so lonely, I o ften used
to sit in my car and listen to the kind voice of
the satnav lady. After five years, I decided to go
back to London. I'd learnt that an amazing view
and a pair of nest ing herons were not enough to
make me happy. On my last night in the country,
I sat outside underneath millions of stars and I
thought to myself, 'I've come to the end of a fiveyear prison sentence.' I promised myself I would
never, ever go back.
Bob The first thing we had to do was find new jobs.
Jean got part-time work with a local company
that sells meat products, and I did work as a
lawyer. Two years later, we had a barn built, and
my wife always wanted to have a donkey o r a
horse, but in the end we thought sheep were
less destructive to the land, so we kept with the
sheep, better for the land. So we st arted with
four sheep, which we kept in the garden at first,
and t hen we bought a field, and then we bought
ten more sheep and sold six for meat, and that
was the start of our sheep business. Now we've
got 68 sheep and seven fields. At the moment,
we've got 25 sheep t hat are expecting lambs,
ready for the next season. In addit ion to that,
we've got free-range hens which we rescued
from battery farms. It hasn't all been easy. Um,
it rains a lot where we live now, and, um, it gets
incredibly muddy, and of course the work with
the anima ls - it can get physically very hard.
At first, we had a little bit of resistance - there
were some local farmers who d idn't really like
newcomers - but we've always employed local
people and we buy food in the local shops, and
we try and engage with the local community as
much as we possibly can. We sell our m eat and
eggs to neighbours and friends, and we produce
wool from the sheep as well now. We haven't
really ever considered moving back, because we
really enj oy it. We loved life in t he city, but we
would never think about going back now.
I remember we once went to a restaurant in
Portugal, beaut iful location, upstairs overlooking
the River Douro. We ordered some grilled
sardines to share, and after a few minutes, t he
waiter came with a big plate of fried sardines and
put them down on our table. And we thought,
well, we'd ordered grilled sardines but hey,
they're really busy and these look really nice.
So we each took a fried sardine and ate it, at
which point the waiter came back, and said,
'These aren't yours' and took them away, and in
a few minutes came back with a plat e of grilled
sardines. So this was all fine, and we had a nice
meal, but when we got the bill we saw that we'd
been charged for both the fried sard ines and
the grilled sardines. So we complained to the
waiter and then to the manager and said, you
know, 'This was your mistake.' But the manager
said, basically, 'you ate them so you have to pay
for them' and we had q uite a long argument.
Go online to listen to the audio and see all the Listening scripts
Eventually, when we said that we wanted to make
a formal, written complaint, very reluctantly he
agreed to take them off the bill. We didn't leave
a tip.
2 We went to lunch one Sunday in a place, a
Parisian brasserie called Delaville. It's a beautiful
place, it's from about 1900 with wonderful old
furniture, mirrors and all that, really nice. We
ordered very simple things like lasagne, which is
easy to just heat up, but we waited and waited
and it didn't come. The place was crowded,
but not completely full, and there were quite a
few waiters, but when we realized that we had
been waiting for two hours, we went to speak
to them and we asked them, 'What about our
food, have you forgotten us?' And instead of
apologizing, they were really aggressive with
us, so we became more and more angry with
them. And finally, we got our dishes and ate
them and left. We should have left earlier, but
we kept thinking that the food would come and
also it was too late to find somewhere else. But
it was a terrible experience, because it was a
very famous place, very, with a good reputation
where all the famous people go. But that's the
type of service they offer. First I thought, maybe
they were treat ing us like that because we're not
famous, but in fact, I heard lots of other people
complaining.
3 I had a table recently at the restaurant I'm
working at in London and I went to all sorts of
trouble with them. It was a group of six and there
was a vegan and a coeliac -you know, someone
who can't eat wheat, and anyway, I went through
the menu with them and explained what they
could have -there was even a woman who said
she didn't like onions so I had to check all the
dishes to make sure they didn't have any. There
was also a little boy and I got the kitchen to make
a plain omelette for him. Anyway, one of them,
an elderly woman, asked for the bill, and she paid
in cash, and when I came back with the change,
she said, 'Don't worry about that, you've been
great. Keep it.' It was 16p. I mean, I know service
was included, but in that case, much better not
to t ip at all. I left the 16p on the table.
1_
Presenter In many countries, tipping is an optional
extra. But in the USA, it's a serious business!
There are no actual laws on tipping, but the
unwritten rule is that you should always leave a
tip in a restaurant unless you want to deal with
some very unhappy waiters. But how much is
reasonable, and who exact ly do you have to tip?
Sally from the US is here to help us. Hello, Sally.
Sally Hi.
Presenter So first of all, why is it so important to
leave a tip?
Sally I absolutely get that in countries where
servers are paid well, you shouldn't have to tip
at all, unless you want to because the service
was great. But in the US, many servers earn just
two to three dollars per hour for their services,
because it's assumed that the tips will make it
up to the minimum wage, which varies between
the different states, but is generally around eight
dollars per hour, in tips. Now I know you may
think t his is wrong, and many Americans, myself
included, would agree, but that is the situation
right now, until the law changes.
Presenter And how much should you tip?
Sally A normal gratuity is around 15 to 20 p er cent
of the check. But it can be as much as 25 per
cent for amazing service, or in very expensive
restaurants. It sounds a lot, but servers work
really hard and I think generally they deserve it!
Presenter OK, so it doesn't often happen often,
but what about if the service is bad? Do you still
have to tip?
Sally I'd say you do, but if it really was bad maybe
just 10% - that will give the message. And if you
feel you don't want to leave even that, then you
should probably call the manager and complain,
and explain why you're not leaving a tip.
Presenter Do you need to tip even if the restaurant
has already added a service charge to your bill?
Sally There's no automatic service charge added
in the US, but some restaurants will add a
gratuity to your check if you're in a big group of
eight people or more, if it's a public holiday or
sometimes if you're in a busy tourist area. You
don't have to leave any more money if the check
already includes the service charge.
Presenter Do you have to tip for fast food or
takeaway coffee?
Sally No, no. If you buy food or drinks over the
counter, people don't usually leave any gratuity,
but there's always a tip jar close by if you'd really
like to!
Presenter And what should you do in bars?
Sally Well, take lots of dollar bills with you because
the normal gratuity in bars is $1 a drink. Order
and pay for your drink at the bar, and leave the
dollar bill on the bar. Don't worry about putting it
in the bartender's hand.
I love IKEA. Especially the bookshelves. We have
several. And I'm usually pretty good at putt ing
their stuff together. But I've had a few problems
over the years. I remember I once had some
trouble with a wardrobe. After hours and hours,
and a lot of swearing, I finally managed to put it
together. But I'd assembled it in my study, next
to t he bedroom, which was where the wardrobe
was going, because I had more space there. And
when my husband and I tried to move it into the
bedroom, we couldn't get it to fit through the
door. So I had to take it to pieces, move all the
bits into t he bedroom, and start all over again. I
suppose it was my fault though, not IKEA's. And
the wardrobe looked very nice and has lasted for
ages.
2 About three years ago, my girlfriend and I
went to IKEA to buy a kitchen. The units were
cheap and cheerful, but they also looked quite
well-designed, and we were very excited by
how good it was all going to look. The guy in
the store said they were easy to put up, that it
wouldn't take long, etc. etc., and I'm quite handy,
quite practical, so I thought, no problem, t hough
I admit my g irlfriend was a bit sceptical. Anyway,
when we got home, I thought I'd assemble one
cupboard, just to see how easy it was going
to be. It was a nightmare. The instructions
were incomprehensible - it took me t he whole
afternoon just to do this one cupboard and when
it was finished, I realized I'd put the door handle
on the wrong way round. In the end, we had to
pay someone to come and do it all for us. But at
least they looked good.
3 I have lots of t hings from IKEA - it's great for
students because generally speaking it's pretty
cheap. Anyway, I bought a table there with my
boyfriend not long ago. We st arted putting the
table together and at one point we had three
legs screwed in. Then we reached for the screws
to attach the fourth leg - and realized there were
no more screws. We had to take off the other
three legs, take one screw off every one of them
and reassemble the table. So now at least it has
four legs, but it's rather wobbly, and I'm not very
happy with it. It does annoy me when they don't
give you t he right number of nails or screws or
whatever, and it's not the first time it's happened
to me. Now I always check before I bring stuff
home.
>
I
Story 1 Tonight, we're going to start with a
good news story - well, good news for some
people! Yesterday, bank customers in a village
in Hampshire were thousands of pounds richer
after an ATM started giving out double the
money people had asked for.
When people heard the news, they rushed to
take money out of the fau lty machine, and long
queues formed. For two hours, around 200
residents continued to withdraw money. It was
mostly middle-aged people, but a few children
arrived on t heir bikes with their parents' bank
cards. One villager, who asked not to be named,
said that some people had used five or six bank
cards and had got £300 free with each card. At
first people thought it was funny, but then some
people became a bit aggressive when other
people started pushing into the queue.
Finally, after two hours, the police arrived
and switched off the ATM. They even posted
a message on Twitter to stop more people
arriving. They warned that receiving too much
money from a cash machine might be a crime,
and that the bank would ask people to pay back
the money. However, later, the bank said that
it wasn't the customers' fault and that no one
would have to return the money.
Story 2 And finally on Texas News this Wednesday
evening, the man who got trapped inside an
ATM. Customers who were using an ATM in
Corpus Christi earlier today got a big surprise.
While they were withdrawing money from the
machine, several people received handwritten
notes, asking for help.
A man, who asked not to be named, had locked
himself in while he was changing the lock to the
ATM room at t he bank. Unfortunately, he'd left
his cellphone and the swipe card he needed to
get out of the room outside in his van. When he
realized that he couldn't get out and couldn't
phone for help, he started passing notes through
the ATM receipt slot to customers who were
t aking out cash. One of them read, 'Please help.
I'm stuck in here and I don't have my phone.
Please call my boss!'
At first, the customers thought the notes were
a trick. But eventually, one of them ca lled the
police. When the police arrived, they heard a
very quiet voice coming from inside t he ATM.
An officer went into the bank, broke down the
door to the room behind the cash machine, and
found the man. Senior Officer Richard Olden
said, 'We thought it was a joke. It was just crazy
t hat somebody was stuck in the ATM. Luckily, the
man is OK.'
Hi. Yeah, not bad ... Yeah, it's half t ime ... One-all.
Yeah, there's a really good crowd. The stadium's
packed ... No, no t rouble. The Liverpool fans are
making a bit of a noise, but nothing major... OK,
I'll call you when it 's over. With a bit of luck, we'll
be in the semi-final in an hour's time.
2 A So, tell me all about it!
B It was absolutely brilliant. We were in the
second row, just near the stage, and when he
was singing, I swear, a few times he looked
right at me!
A Did he sing Baby Baby?
B Of course! All the best songs. It was just an
amazing performance.
A Were Sandy and Annette there?
B Yeah, we met for a drink in the interval.
A Gosh, you're so lucky you got tickets!
3 A OK, I'm looking for t ickets now... There's a
matinee at 3 o'clock and then it 's on again in
the evening at 8.00.
B Let's go at 8.00 if we can get seats.
A Well, there aren't any in the stalls, but there
are two upstairs in t he circle, in the second
row.
B OK. Go for it. It's a small theatre anyway, so we
should have a good view wherever we sit.
A OK. Right, we've got them. We can pick them
up at the box office.
Andy A few years ago, I went to Wimbledon,
the tennis championships, which take place in
June in south-west London, and it's quite difficult
to get t ickets, but I was very lucky and got two
tickets for the men's quarter-final matches on
Centre Court, which are usually fantastically
exciting with lots of big names. The tickets
were very expensive, but I was really pleased
because they were right in the front row. And
on the day, my partner and I, we got up and
drove to Wimbledon, it took about two hours.
And as we were driving, it started to rain - the
weather forecast was for showers, and at t hat
time there was no roof on Centre Court, and
the players couldn't play if it was raining. But we
got there, parked the car and went in and found
our seats and sat under our umbrella. Play was
supposed to start at 2.00, and at 1.30 the rain
stopped, then at 2.00, the players came on and
the atmosphere was brilliant, and then at 2.15 ...
the rain started again! The match was stopped
and the court was covered over, and that was
all the tennis we saw all day. We just sat there
for four hours, hoping to see some more, but
in the end we just went home, very cold and
very disappointed. It was a very expensive 15
minutes.
2 Cathy Once, when my daughter was about
14, our local theatre, the Playhouse in Oxford,
put on a play called The Woman in Black. It's a
classic ghost story, full of suspense and quite
scary - it's been made into a film starring Daniel
Radcliffe, you know, who played Harry Potter.
Anyway, I decided to take my daughter, and I
got quite good seats in the stalls so she could
see well. When we got there, we found our
seats and sat down. The theatre wasn't full, but
then just before the play was going to start, the
rows of seats in front of us suddenly filled up
with a group of about 30 teenagers. They were
obviously a school group, and they were a bit
noisy, but I thought they'd settle down when
the play started. So the curtain went up and
the audience went very quiet, and there was
spooky music, and the tension started to grow,
but then, every time anything happened on
stage, the teenage girls in front of us screamed,
even though nothing was really happening yet,
so then we couldn't hear what the actors were
saying for a few minutes until they 9uietened
down again . In fact , they carried on doing this
all the way through the f irst half, and it totally
ruined the atmosphere for absolutely everyone.
Their teachers obviously said something to them
during the interval, or maybe someone had
complained, but they weren't much better during
the second half. It basically ruined the whole
evening.
3 Clive I'd been a fan of Leonard Cohen since
I was a teenager, but I'd never ever heard him
sing live. But then, in I think about 2009, I read
that he was going to do a world tour and that he
was coming to Valencia in Spain where I lived. I
was really excited and I thought, 'Even though
he's in his mid-seventies, I'm finally going to get
to hear him!' The concert was in September, in
the velodrome in Valencia, so in the open-air. I
went with a group of friends, and when he came
on stage and started singing, I was amazed at
how great his voice still was. We were having a
wonderful evening, but then when he was on
his fourth song, one of his old classics called
Bird on the Wire, he suddenly collapsed on
the stage! The other musicians all rushed up to
help him and carried him off. We waited there,
hoping that he was OK and that the concert
would continue, but after almost an hour there
was no announcement, nothing, and we thought
maybe he'd died. Finally, someone came on
and said that he'd been taken to hospital and so
the concert wouldn't continue. We went home
terribly disappointed. I'd waited all my life to hear
him sing live, and we just got three and a half
songs. Luckily, he recovered, and went on with
his tour, but he never came back to Valencia, and
then he died in 2016, so I never got to hear him
live again.
Int erviewer Dino, what made you choose
hairdressing?
Dino Er, I always liked it from when I was child. I
remember being taken to the barber's by my dad
when I was a child in Greece, and I really loved
the atmosphere there.
Interviewer He wasn't a barber himself though?
Dino No, but my aunt was a hairdresser.
Interviewer What sort of training did you do?
Dino When I came to London, I went to the Vidal
Sassoon Academy. It was a two-year course absolutely fantastic, very intense. I loved it!
Interviewer What sort of things do you love or
hate doing in hairdressing?
Dino I love everything. There really isn't anything
I don't like. And I do everything, cut, colour,
highlights, straightening. Nowadays, some
hairdressers specialize in maybe just colour,
or just styling, but I t hink it's important to do
everything.
Interviewer What do you think are important
qualities for a hairdresser?
Dino Well, as I just said, I think being able to do
everything - colour, styling, cutting - is very
important. I don't believe in specializing in just
one area.
Interviewer Any other important qualities?
Dino I think you need to be sociable, to be able
to ta lk to people, calm them down if they're
stressed, listen to them if they want to talk.
Interviewer Do you enjoy that?
Dino Yes, I do. The sociable side of hairdressing
was one of the things that att racted me to
it. Even women who want to tell me all their
problems - I don't mind it at all, it doesn't
distract me.
Interviewer Are women clients very different from
men?
Dino Yes, definitely. They are normally the ones
who want to talk, and they are much more
worried - stressed - about their hair. Men are
more quiet and relaxed, and they're not normally
very fussy about their hair.
Interviewer What do you do if a client doesn't like
the results?
Dino I try to correct it immediately. That's easy if
it's the colour, less easy if it's a cut.
Interviewer Have you ever had a really bad
experience, I mean one where you couldn't
correct it?
Dino Only once, when I was still at college. I cut a
woman's hair shorter than she was expecting it not much, only about one centimetre shorter, but
she burst into tears - and I couldn't correct that.
Interviewer Is it true that hairdressers always want
to cut off more hair than their clients want?
Dino I think maybe it is. Many hairdressers want to
make the hair health ier, and cut off all the parts
that are, you know, damaged. Or somet imes
they have a style in mind and they just want to
do it. But obviously, norma lly I try to do what the
customer wants. You have to be flexible. That's
another important quality in a hairdresser.
Interviewer So, if you completely disagreed with
what a client wanted, would you still do it?
Dino Well, if a client wanted a treatment that
I thought was going to damage her hair, for
example, if she wanted to have her hair bleached
when it was already in bad condition, then I
would say no. But if it was a question of style for example, a woman who wanted to have her
head shaved completely - I would try to convince
her t hat it wasn't a good idea, but if she insisted,
I would do it. It's her choice after all.
Interviewer Do you have any tips for having good
hair?
Dino Yes - use good product s, ones which are
right for your type of hair. I notice that a lot of
people take a lot of trouble choosing the right
face cream - you know for dry skin, or problem
skin. For day, for night, and so on. But with
shampoo, they just buy the first one they see in
the supermarket.
Interviewer Thank you very much, Dino. I won't
forget this.
The body polish
Joanna So? What did you think?
Stephen It was just horrible! Horrible. First, they
covered me in fruit puree, then they wrapped me
in plastic film, then in blanket s, and then I was
left on a water bed. I mean, come on! Fruit's for
eating, not for putting on your body. It was hot
and sticky, and incredibly uncomfortable. And I
felt so stupid. I'd never have that again. I give it
zero out of ten.
Joanna Sticky? It was fruit, for goodness sake! I
thought it was wonderful. It smelled amazing,
and the head massage was divine. I mean, how
could anybody not like it? That was one of my
favourite spa treatments ever. Ten out of ten.
The foot treatment
Stephen Wow!
Joanna Don't tell me -you liked it!
Stephen It was wonderful!
Joanna I must say, your feet look .. .well, better.
Clean anyway.
Stephen Well, I've never liked my feet much, to be
honest, but now they look great. Definitely worth
the time and money. Nine out of ten. What do
you think?
Joanna Yes, it was great. A real luxury. And I love
the colour they painted my nails. I agree - nine
out of ten. You see ...
Guide Good afternoon, everybody, everyone, and
welcome to St Paul's, which, as you probably
know, is one of the most famous and most
historic cathedrals in Britain. The previous church
on this site burned down in 1666, in t he Great
Fire of London, and the famous architect Sir
Christopher Wren was asked to design a new
cathedral. It took nearly 40 years to build and
was completed in 1710.
Just behind you is the great West Door, you can
see the great West Door. The magnificent doors
are nine metres tall. They're normally closed,
except when someone very special arrives, for
example, her Majesty t he Queen. And now in
front of you, you see the Nave, which gives you
the most wonderful view of the full length of St
Paul's Cat hedral. Maybe some of you watched
Prince Charles and Princess Diana walk down the
Nave when they married here in 1981.
O K, now please follow me. We're going to walk
down the Nave, and you'll see the north and
south aisle on either side ...
Guide Right. Can we just stop here? Could we stop
here? We're now in the centre of the cathedral.
Look up above you, and you can see inside the
wonderf ul Dome. It is one of the largest domes
in the world, and I personally think the most
beaut iful. Now, you remember the outside of
the Dome, which you saw when you arrived, can
anyone tell me what was on top of the Dome?
US tourist A cross?
Guide Yeah that's right, a cross. In 1710, the year
the cathedral was finally completed, Christopher
Wren was 81 years old, and he was lifted up in a
basket and was able to watch his own son place
the cross on the top of the Dome. Another thing
Go online to listen to the audio and see all the Listening scripts
about, fascinat ing thing about t he Dome is that
from the top of t he Dome to the floor, down
where you're standing, is exactly 365 feet, one
foot for every day of the year.
Foreign tourist How much is that in metres?
Guide It's 1-1-1, 111 met res. In fact, St Paul's was
t he tallest building in London right up unt il
t he 1960s, because until that time, no one was
allowed to build anything taller near St Paul's.
We're going to move on shortly, but just spend
a few minutes now looking at the magnificent
paintings ...
We are now in the area called the South
Transept. Over there you can see the monument
to Britain's great naval hero, Horatio Nelson, who
died at the Battle ofTrafalgar in 1805. Yes, yeah,
he's the one on t he top of the Nelson's column in
Trafalgar Square.
We're now in the South Quire Aisle, and we're
just going to stop for a moment to look at this
marble statue of John Donne. Donne was a
Dean of the Cathedral and one of Britain's
finest p oets-he died in 1631. But this statue
is also important because it's one of the few
monuments t hat survived t he Great Fire of
London. And you can still see the burn marks at
the bottom of the statue there ...
Now, are you all feeling energetic? I hope so,
b ecause we're going to go up t hese stairs here,
to the Whispering Gallery, which goes around
the inside of the great Dome, and I do need to
tell you t hat t here are 257 steps, so if there are
any of you who don't think you can manage it,
just wait for us here in the South Q uire Aisle ...
So, that wasn't t oo bad, was it? We're now in the
Whispering Gallery. The gallery gets its name
because if you whisper, talk very quietly, on one
side, your voice can be heard very clearly on the
other side. When there are a lot of tourists, it
doesn't always work, but as t here aren't so many
of us today, why don't you try it ...?
So, did any of you try out the whispering? We're
now going to go back along the Nave, and then
down into the Crypt to see some of the tombs of
famous people who are buried in St Paul's. Right,
now, the tomb over there is Lord Nelson's - you
remember you saw his monument earlier - and
then here we have the tomb of the Duke of
Wellington, who defeated Napoleon at the Battle
of Waterloo. And finally, this tomb here belongs
to the great man himself, Sir Christopher Wren,
the architect of St Paul's. It's just a simple stone
monument, but can you see the Lat in words
on it? Anyone speak Latin here? No, well I'll
translate it for you. It says, 'Reader, if you seek his
monument, look around you.' Because of course,
the whole of St Paul's is really Wren's monument.
Sarah My husband Rick always forgets where
he's put things, and last night he came home
very late from work and t hen had to leave very
early again this morning, at 5.00, while I was still
in bed. I heard him crashing about downstairs
getting ready, and then he shouted up the
stairs, 'Sarah, have you seen my car keys?' So
I shouted back, 'No', and I tried to go back to
sleep, but then he came running up the stairs
into the bedroom and said, 'I can't find them. I
left them on the table when I went to bed last
night. You've moved t hem.' And I said, 'I didn't
move them, I was in bed when you came home.
Have you looked in your coat pocket?' So he
went downstairs again and shouted, 'They're
not there'. So I got up, in a very bad mood, and
went downstairs, and looked in his coat pocket,
and, surprise surprise, there were his car keys.
I was really quite angry because by now I was
completely awake. But at least he apologized.
2 Kim It was my mum's 70th birthday last week
and I suggested to my sister Caro that it would
b e nice to have a birthday lunch for her. I said I'd
organize it, because my sister isn't very good at
that kind of thing - she works full time and has a
very import ant job (so she says), but anyway she
said, 'I want to do something to help. I'll b ring a
birthday cake.' I said, 'Fine', even though I quite
wanted to make the cake myself. Anyway, on
the day, everyone arrived and Mum was really
surprised and pleased, and we had lunch, and
then I said to my sister, 'Where's the cake?' She
went pale, and said, 'OMG, I completely forgot
about it.' Mum said, 'Oh don't make a fuss, Kim.
It's no problem.' - she t hought it was very funny but I was seriously annoyed.
Part 1
Continuity announcer Can you remember exactly
w hat you did on any day 10, 20, or even 30 years
ago? Now it's Mind Matters, and we're going to
hear about a woman who can do just that.
Presenter Ask Jill Price to remember any day in her
life, and she can usually come up with an answer.
When I met her, she asked for my date of birth,
which is 24th January 1986.
Jill OK, 24th January 1986 was a Friday. It was
four days before the Challenger explosion. I was
working in an ice cream shop. I hated my job.
That night I went out with some friends, Tim and
Candace.
Presenter Jill could also t ell me what she ate and
what time she got home that evening. I t ried
anot her date. What did she do on 29th August
1980?
Jill It was also a Friday, I went to Palm Springs with
my friends Nina and Michelle and their family.
Presenter Then I asked her, 'When was the third
time you drove a car?'
Jill That was 10t h January 1981. A Saturday.
Presenter Jill Price has HSAM, or 'High ly Superior
A utobiographical Memory', which means she can
remember exactly what happened on most days
in her life. She remembers the day of the week
for every date since 1980 -what she was doing,
who she was with, where she was. She can recall
a memory of 20 years ago as easily as a memory
of two days ago.
Jill was born on 30th December 1965 in New
York. Her first memory is when she was 18
mont hs old and she lived with her parents in an
apartment in Manhattan. She remembers the
traffic, and staring out of the window down 9th
Avenue. When she was five, her family moved to
New Jersey, and then when she was eight , they
moved to a rented house in Los Angeles. That
was 1st July 1974 - and on that day, she says,
her 'brain snapped', and she began to be able
to remember everything that happened to her
in great detail. Her memories come without her
trying to recall t hem.
Jill People have called it a gift, but for me it's a
nightmare. My entire life goes through my head
every day - it drives me crazy.
Part 2
Presenter So what do we know about how Jill's
superior memory works? Dr James McGaugh,
who is an expert in memory research, met her
for the first time in June 2000. He first tested her
memory using a big history book. Jill answered
t he questions quickly and confidently.
Dr McGaugh What happened on 16th A ugust 1977?
Jill Elvis Presley d ied in his Graceland bathroom. It
was a Tuesday.
Dr McGaugh When did Bing Crosby die?
Jill Friday, 14th October 1977, on a golf course in
Spain. I heard it on the radio while my Mom was
driving me to soccer practice.
Presenter It's often difficult for scientists to
confirm whether autobiographical memories
are accurate, but McGaugh was able to check
with Jill's detailed diary. He also checked Jill's
memories with her mother.
Dr McGaugh's research was focused on showing
t hat strong emotional experiences are the most
memorable ones, and Jill had the most vivid
memories that McGaugh had ever encountered.
However her memory o nly stores the things
that she finds important. When it comes to
remembering things that don't relate to her
personally or to her interests, Jill is no better than
the average person.
Jill At school, I couldn't remember facts and
figures, and I can't memorize a sequence of
random numbers.
Presenter McGaugh and other experts have
now d iscovered around 60 people w ith HSAM.
These people often say that there was a specific
point in their lives that triggered their ability
to remember in such detail. For Ji ll, it was her
family's stressf ul move to Los Angeles.
Most people would t hink that having HSAM is
an advantage, but Jill says there are two big
problems.
Jill The first is that there's so much information
running through my head all the t ime, and
t he second is t hat I find it d ifficult to forget
unpleasant things. For example, I can remember
bad moments from my childhood as if t hey'd just
happened, and they make me feel unhappy all
over again.
Presenter No one else in Jill's family has a memory
like hers. She's published an autobiography, The
Woman Who Can't Forget, but her brot her hasn't
read it. He says that there might be things in it
that he doesn't want to know.
Part 2
Narrator When George arrived at Singapore he
found a t elegram waiting for him.
Reader 'Quite understand. Don't worry. Love
Mabel.'
George 'My God, I believe she's following me,'
Reader he said. He checked the passenger list of
the next ship on its way to Singapore, and sure
enough her name was on it. T here was not a
moment t o lose. He jumped on the first train to
Bangkok. But he was uneasy; she would have
no difficulty in finding out that he had gone to
Bangkok. Fortunately there was a French boat
sailing the next day for Saigon. He took it. At
Saigon he would be safe. It would never occur
to her that he had gone there. It was five days'
journey from Bangkok to Saigon and the boat
was dirty, crowded and uncomfortable. He was
glad to arrive and went straight to the hotel. A
telegram was immediately handed to him. It
contained only two words:
Mabel 'Love Mabel'.
Reader He started to tremble.
George 'W hen is the next boat for Hong Kong?'
Reader he asked. He sailed to Hong Kong but was
afraid to stay there. Then he went to Manila, and
from there he went on to Shanghai. Shanghai
made him feel nervous; every time he went out
of t he hotel he expected to run straight into
Mabel's arms. No, Shanghai would never do. The
only thing was to go to Yokohama. At the Grand
Hotel in Yokohama a telegram awaited him.
M abel 'So sorry I missed you at Manila. Love
Mabel.'
Reader Where was she now? He went back to
Shanghai. T his time he went straight to t he club
and asked if he had received any telegrams. One
was handed to him.
M abel 'Arriving soon. Love Mabel.'
Alex My girlfriend Chloe and I had been together
for just over a year. Soon after we met, I'd told
her that I didn't want to get married or have
children, and she seemed fine wit h that. But then,
Chloe began t o t alk about moving in together.
I tried not to discuss it, and we went on like that
for a couple of months. Then one afternoon,
it was the 29th February, Chloe invited me to
her house. When I arrived, she was making a
bracelet. I sat down and she passed me a box
which contained some small beads with letters
on them. When I looked into the box, I realized
that the letters spelled 'Will you marry me?' I
was horrified. I didn't want to embarrass her, so I
started putting the letters on the bracelet thread
in the wrong order -1 made words like 'owl'
and 'yellow', but then she started crying. So we
went out for a walk and she explained that 29th
February only happens once every four years,
and it's the day when, traditionally, women can
propose to men. I didn't say anything and went
home. I felt awful. It's probably the worst thing
that's ever happened to me, and I didn't see her
for three days afterwards. But we got over it, and
we're still together. We're not married, but who
knows? Maybe in a few years' time, I'll propose,
and Chloe will say no.
Emma When I first started going out with Tom, I
was completely in love. He was ten years older
than me, very good-looking, and he had been an
Olympic athlete. He was also a really lovely guy.
In theory, he was my perfect man, but after two
years, our relat ionship became very difficult, so
I decided to end it. Not long afterwards, Tom
phoned me to say that he wanted to meet at the
cathedral. I thought, OK, fine. When I got there,
Tom was waiting for me outside. He was holding
a bottle of champagne and a bunch of flowers.
And then before I had a chance to say anything,
he got down on one knee and proposed. He
gave me a necklace - not a ring, a necklace. Then
a crowd of Japanese tourists rushed towards us
and began taking photos - Tom was down on
one knee and I was looking white and shocked. It
was awful. I asked him to get up, and explained
to him, in front of all the tourists, that we were
not together any more, and we were definitely
not going to get married. We left the cathedral,
and as I was walking with him to the station, Tom
said he had hoped that if he proposed to me, it
would solve all our problems. But it was never
going to work. We're not together now.
Yannis Um, so I've lived in New York for, uh, 12
years now, and one thing that I think I will always
appreciate is the diversity of the place and the
people. And every time I go away it's so nice
to come back here and, and be on the subway
and see all the different faces and hear different
accents. Um, and, you know, my English is pretty
good, but I have neverfelt judged here, you
know, for having a foreign accent, and nobody
is surprised, you know, if you have a strange
surname, um, or if you sound different. I have
never felt that. And I could say that sometimes
in Europe, I did, so... This is one thing that I will
always appreciate about living here.
2 Cristina Um, one thing that, urn, I don't
particularly like here is the culture around
American Football. And maybe this has
something to do with me being European and
liking, uh, European football, or soccer, um,
more than American football. And I did try, um,
but I think, uh, the game is way too complicated
- though I tried to understand the rules. And I
find the atmosphere around American football,
1. .. 1just...! find it a bit too aggressive? For
example, recently the Philadelphia Eagles won
the Superbowl and, um, the celebrations, so to
speak, if we can call them celebrations, were
more like riots.
3 Louisa I know from having travelled a lot and
having lived overseas, having an Italian husband,
it's very complicated to get sort of bureaucratic
tasks done in places like Italy. So I think the one
thing that I like most about living in the United
States is that things are pretty easy to do and
even living in a big city it's, um, it's easy to get
things done. So it's prett y easy to, you know,
change your phone company, and it's easy to
renew your driver's licence.
4 Laura Um, something that I like about America
is that I find people are very keen to help, even
without being asked. 'cause I lived in Germany
for four years and I remember every t ime I
flew there, at the airport, I would always really
struggle to get my bag off the luggage carousel
and no one would ever help me. And every
time I flew back home to the US, immediately
someone would come over and offer to help.
And I've noticed the same thing with opening
doors, with helping people carry things up the
stairs in the subway.
5 Peter Something I really like about America is
the sense of opportunity here. Um, I feel like as
a new immigrant I've been able to come into
the country and get jobs that I couldn't get back
home in the UK because I don't think I would
have had the same opportunities there, I think
that you can move here and make something
of yourself very quickly, and I really like the sort
of entrepreneurial spirit there is here, um, the
feeling that if you have a good idea and you
work hard, you can be successful, I think it really
is the land of opportunity and I really like that.
6 Sarah I've lived in the US for three years, and
something that I really dislike about American
culture has to be the fascination with guns, er,
growing up in the UK, g rowing up in Europe,
I've never seen people really want to own guns
themselves. For me, it's up to the police to take
care of people and to make sure everyone's safe.
I can't understand why a civilian would want to
own their own gun and keep it in their house. For
me that means that the country is less safe not
more safe, so that's something I don't think I'll
ever be able to understand.
'
I
Interviewer What's the hardest exam or test
you've ever ta ken?
Mark My A Level physics exam - I didn't
understand at least half the questions.
Interviewer Have you ever done an exam where
everything went wrong?
Mark I'm afraid so. For a history O level there were
five questions - all short essays. I'd prepared
five questions from previous exam papers, but
nothing else. So I was gambling that at least
three of the questions would come up. But none
of them did, so obviously I failed it.
Interviewer How did you usually prepare for a big
exam?
Mark I remember it generally involved a lot of
coffee and late nights!
Interviewer Did you find exams stressful?
Mark No, I never got that stressed about exams
but that may have had a negative effect on
the results, come to think of it. I was never the
world's best at exams. I usually passed, but the
results were never brilliant.
Interviewer What's the hardest exam or test
you've ever taken?
Sophie I think the hardest was probably my driving
test - the practical part. I got so nervous each
time I just couldn't drive. In fact, I failed three
times before I finally passed.
Interviewer Have you ever done an exam where
everything went wrong?
Sophie Yes, in the beginning of my first driving
test, I refused to stop where the examiner asked
me to stop. I just didn't think it looked safe and I
thought it was a trick - I mean, I thought that he
was asking me to do something dangerous, to
test me. Anyway it wasn't a trick and he wasn't
happy at all.
Interviewer How did you usually prepare for a big
exam?
Sophie I used to spend a lot of time writing notes;
I probably spent more time making them look
nice, using different coloured pens and so on,
than I did actually learning the information. But
I found it really helpful to stick the notes up on
posters all over the house so that I could see
them every day.
Interviewer Did exams use to stress you out?
Sophie Yes. I hated exams and used to get very
nervous and stressed beforehand. But once the
exam had started I usually relaxed.
Interviewer What's the hardest exam you've ever
taken?
Diane I think it has to be the eleven plus because
that was the first time I had ever felt any pressure
to succeed.
Interviewer How did you do?
Diane I passed it.
Interviewer Have you ever done an exam where
everything went wrong?
Diane Yes, my A level French oral exam went
horribly wrong. Some friends had said, 'Whatever
you do, don't say that you've been to France,
otherwise they'll expect your French to be quite
good', and so what happened was, I got in there
and the examiner said, 'Have you ever been to
France?' (in French) and I said 'Non' and then I
starting talking about driving to Gibraltar with
my parents, and then the examiner said, 'Well,
how d id you manage to drive from the UK to
Gibraltar without driving through France?', at
which point I just completely froze and couldn't
say anything else at all! But I guess I'd spoken
enough previously, so I passed.
Interviewer How d id you usually prepare for a big
exam?
Diane Well, for literature exams I used to memorize
loads and loads of famous passages from the
books we were studying, so I could put them in
my answers, and that seemed to work, because
I passed.
Interviewer How did you usually feel about doing
exams?
Diane Not great, but I was usually reasonably
confident, I'd say.
Interviewer What's the hardest exam or test
you've ever taken?
Paul Probably the exam at the end of the first
year of my geography course at university. Not
because the questions were very difficult but
because I'd done so little work for it.
Interviewer Have you ever done an exam where
everything went wrong?
Paul Oh yes. I thought I'd done quite well in
my GCSE Chemistry exam but I failed it. So
something must have gone very w rong.
Interviewer How did you usually prepare for a big
exam?
Paul I used to read notes over and over again, right
up till the last possible minute. Yeah, I relied
heavily on short-term memory, I think.
Interviewer Did exams use to stress you out?
Paul Not really, though they probably would now.
When I was at school and university it was just
part of life - so not particularly stressful.
Go online to listen to the audio and see all the Listening scripts
1A
GRAMMAR BANK
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.2
pronouns
Revise the basics
direct/ indirect object pronouns and word order
1 I live in London. NOT -i-lwe
2 My parents don't visit me very often.
3 My name's Anna.
4 They have a flat in north London, but mine is in south
London.
He bought me a rose.
I'm going to lend her my camera.
They showed u s their new flat.
I'll send you the document.
We brought him some books.
2 He bought it for me.
I'm going to lend it to her.
They showed it to us.
I'll send it to you.
We brought them for him.
pronouns and possessive adjectives
1 subject
pronouns
I
you
he/ she /it
we
you
they
2 object
pronouns
3 possessive
adjectives
4 possessive
pronouns
me
you
him / her / it
us
you
them
my
your
his / her / its
our
your
their
mine
yours
his/ hers
ours
yours
theirs
Q)1 .s
1 Some verbs can have two objects, usually a thing (the direct
object) and a person (the indirect object). If the direct
object is a noun (a rose, my camera, etc.), we usually use
verb + indirect object + direct object.
• The order can also be verb + direct object + for or to +
indirect object, e.g. He bought a rose for me, I'm going to
lend my camera to her. See list of verbs with for and to below.
2 If the direct object is a pronoun (it, them), we usually use
verb + direct object + indirect object, with either for or to
before the indirect object. Some common verbs which can
have two objects are:
• With for
bring sth for/to sb, buy sth for sb, cook sth for sb, find sth for
sb, get sth for sb, make sth for sb
• With to
give sth to sb, lend sth to sb, offer sth to sb, read sth to sb,
sell sth to sb, send sth to sb, show sth to sb, take sth to sb,
write sth to sb
• If the indirect object is a pronoun, we use the object
pronoun, not the subject pronoun:
I'm going to lend it to her. NOT I'm g oiAg to .'eAd it to she.
a @ the correct form.
M y cousin's name 's James, but we ca ll his !(£Eii)Jim.
Rewrite the high lighted phrases. Replace the bold
words with a pronoun and use for or to.
M y brother d o esn't have a tab let. He I She p refers to
use his I her laptop.
1 They sent me a new password yesterday.
2 A Are these your I yours b ooks here?
B Yes, th ey're my I m ine.
3 Most p eople are happy with theirs I their names, but
Sara h doesn't like her I hers.
4 A W hat are hers I her chi ldre n ca lled?
B I d o n't know, sh e's never told me/ my.
5 I gave them I their my p ho ne number, b ut they didn't
give me theirs I their.
b
I gave you that pen for you r b irt hday. I gave it to you.
2 I gave my mum some flow ers, but she's still angry
with me.
3 She found me some hotels o nline.
4 My grandmother wrote me t hese letters when I was
at boarding school.
5 Will you lend him the money?
6 My son made me a birthday card at school.
6 A Are t hese ours I our coat s?
7 O ur ca r b roke down, so my parents offered us their
old one.
B N o, o urs I o ur are on the bed.
7 This is your I yours p en, so t hat one must b e my I mine.
8 We didn't buy our daughter a phone because w e
t hin k she's too young.
8 She'll call us I we when her I hers fl ight arrives.
9 I read the children the first Harry Potter book last
week.
9 Can you send he I him th e info rmation? I can give you
his I him email address.
10 It's I They 're a really g ood restaura nt , but I ca n neve r
rem e mber his I its name.
10 A friend sold me these headphones for £20.
o p.10
1B
GRAMMAR BANK
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.3-4
adjectives
1 We use one I ones after an adjective instead of repeating a
Revise the basics
1 It's a poisonous snake. NOT sRake poisoR0 1;JS
2 They're very powerful people. NOT powerfuls people
3 I'm older than my brother. NOT more old that
4 Rome isn't as expensive as Paris. NOT -as-eK-peRsivc thaR
5 It 's the most difficult exercise in the book.
NOT the diffirnltest
comparative and superlative adjectives
more rules for comparatives and superlatives
1 I'm less busy this week than I was last week.
Alan is the least interesting person in the office.
G 1.15
2 She's the cleverest g irl in the class.
The old road was much narrower than t he new one.
It would be simpler to go back to the beginning.
adjective
comparative
superlative
tall
hot
taller
hotter
the tallest
t he hottest
1 We can use less and the least with adjectives of any number
of syllables.
bored
stressed
more bored
more stressed
the most bored
the most stressed
modern
busy
more modern
busier
t he most modern
the busiest
2 Some two-syllable adject ives can make comparat ives and
superlatives with -er and -est. Common examples are clever,
narrow, polite, quiet, simple, stupid. A good dictionary will
te ll you the usual compa rative and superlative form for a
two-syllable adjective.
dangerous
interesting
more dangerous
less interesting
the most dangerous
the least interesting
good
bad
far
better
the best
worse
t he worst
further (or farther) the furthest (or the farthest)
adjective + one I ones
I've lost my suitcase. It's a big blue one.
G 1.14
Expensive laptops are usually more reliable t han cheap ones.
2 I'm looking for white bread, but I can only find brown.
We don't have any skimmed milk, only semi-skimmed.
a
singular or p lural noun.
2 We don't use one w ith uncountable nouns.
Are the hig hlig hted forms right (✓) or w rong (X)?
Co rrect t he wrong o nes.
He's happier than he was yest erday. ✓
She's a person very ambitious. X
She's a very ambitious person.
1 That's the most bad film I've ever seen.
2 I'm not as sporty than my brother.
3 Cats are much more selfish than dogs.
4 We can't decide between Mexico and Sicily. Mexico is
further to travel, but the hot els are less expensive.
5 I always lose my p hone, so I bought a cheap.
6 My wife's a more good driver than I am.
7 These shoes are the more comfortable ones I have.
8 M y brothers and sisters are all very successfuls.
9 This exercise is easyer than the other one.
10 It's the biggest room in the ho use.
a bit and much + comparative adjective
1 It 's a bit cloudier t oday than yesterday.
G 1.16
This phone's a bit more expensive than t hat one.
2 Your job is much more stressful t han mine.
The airport is much busier t han it was a few years ago.
1 We use a bit + com parative adjective to say t hat a
difference is small.
2 We use much + comparative adjective to say t hat a
difference is large.
b
Co mplete the second sentence so t hat it m eans
t he same as t he f irst.
Adam is friendlier than Chris.
Chris isn't as friendly as Adam.
Tom isn't as lucky as his brother.
Tom's b rother _ __ _ _ __ he is.
2 Their house is much bigger than ours.
Our house is _ _ __ _ _ _ t heirs.
3 My new password is easier to memorize t han my o ld one.
My old password was _ _ __ __ _ to mem o rize
than my new one.
4 This flat is nicer than the ot her two we've seen.
This flat is _ __ _ _ __ of t he t hree we've seen.
5 My sister's children are more helpful than mine.
My children aren't _ _ _ __ _ _ my sister's.
6 The weather wasn't as good as we'd expected.
The weather was _ _ _ _ _ _ _ we'd expected.
7 The film was a bit less dramatic than the book.
The book was _ _ __ _ _ _ the film.
8 Yellow will look better t han red for your kitchen walls.
Red won't look _ _ _ _ _ __ yellow for
your kitchen walls.
o p.14
0 Go online t o review t he grammar for each lesso n
2A
GRAMMAR BANK
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.4-5
present tenses
Revise the basics
verbs which can have action and non-action meanings
present simple and frequency
1 She goes abroad a lot. NOT She-ge
Do you have any sunscreen?= possession (non-action) G2.11
He's having a shower at t he moment. = an action
Do you think we should have lunch in the hotel?= opinion
(non-action)
They're thinking of going on a cruise. = an action
I see what you mean. = understanding (non-action)
I'm seeing the hotel manager tomorrow morning. = an action
2 Does he know Paris well? NOT Do he kAow
3 We don't like camping. NOT We Aot like
4 They never go swimming. NOT Never they go
5 He's always late. NOT Always he's late
6 I go for a walk every morning. NOT I go e·,•ery momiAg
for a •..,.alk.
present continuous
7 He's working today. NOT He workiAg
8 They aren't/ They're not watching TV, they're playing
a video game. NOT They Aot watchiAg
9 Are you going away this weekend? NOT Do you go I
¥ou are goiAg
action and non-action verbs
A What are the children doing now?
B Mark's playing tennis and Anna's reading.
A Hi, Marta. Are you waiting for someone?
B Yes, I'm waiting for Tim.
2 I like vegetables now, but I didn't use to.
Oh, now I remember where I left my g lasses.
G2.10
1 Many verbs describe actions. These verbs are used in the
present continuous t o t alk about actions happening now or
in the future.
• Some verbs have two meanings, an action meaning and a
non-action meaning, e.g. have, think, see. If they describe a
state or feeling, not an action, they are not usually used in
the present continuous. If they describe an action, they are
used in the present cont inuous.
present continuous for future arrangements
I'm leaving tomorrow and I'm coming back on Tuesday. G2.12
We're seeing our grandparents this weekend.
When are they coming to visit us?
Ella isn't going out tonight. She's staying in.
• We often use the present continuous where there is an
arrangement to do something in the future.
present simple for 'timetable' future
The train leaves at 6.30 in the morning.
G2.13
Our flight doesn't stop in Hong Kong. It stops in Singapore.
What time does your flight arrive in New York?
2 Some verbs describe st at es and feelings, not act ions.
Examples are agree, be, believe, belong, depend, forget, hate,
hear, know, like, look like, love, matter, mean, need, prefer,
realize, recognize, remember, seem, suppose, understand,
want. These verbs are normally used in the present simple,
not t he continuous, even if we are referring to now.
• We use the present simple to tal k about th ings which wi ll
happen according to a t imetable, especially travel times.
We are usually referring to things which always happen on
certain days at certa in times, like flight times or classes, and
are not people's personal plans or decisions.
a ~
b
he correct form.
~ We go to New Zealand on Saturday.
~ e a v e s I is leaving at 6.50 in the morning.
2
We need I We're needing to check in two hours ahead,
so 3 we go I we're going to the airport the night before,
and 4 we stay/ we're staying in an airport hotel (£200 a
night, but it's better t han getti ng up at 2.00 a.m.!). The
first part of the flight, to Singapore, 5 takes I is taking 14
hours, and 6 we break I we're breaking the j ourney there
for a couple of days. Then it's on to Auckland. The flight
7
gets in I is getting in at nearly midnight, but our friends
8
meet I are meeting us at the airport, and 9 they look
after I they're looking after us for a week or so. Then
10
we travel I we're travelling round North and South
Island - 11 we rent I we're renting a camper van.
12
We have I We're having to be back in Auckland on
22nd February, but I don't think I'll want to come home!
Complete the sentences with the present simple or
present continuous form of the verbs in brackets.
Do you know Andrew's sister? (know)
___ you ___ camping or staying in hotels? (prefer)
2 We _ _ __ of going on a safari next year. (think)
3
we _ _ _ _ to pack insect repellent? (need)
4 She _ _ __ to Frankfurt for a business meeting
next week. (fly)
5 A Can I help you?
B Yes, I _ __ _ a charger for my phone. (look for)
6 A This hotel _ __ _ a restaurant. (not have)
B It _ _ _ _, w e can eat in town. (not matter)
7 A Hi. Can you hear m e? What _ _ you _ __ ? (do)
B I _ _ __ by the pool and Tanya _ _ __ a
spa treatment. Where are you? (read, have)
8 A What time _ __ _ our flight _ __ _? (leave)
B lt _ _ __ at9.50 and it _ _ _ _ at
12.10. (leave, arrive)
O p.28
2B
GRAMMAR BANK
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.6
possessives
Revise the basics
more rules for of to show possession
possessive 's and of
That man over there is a friend of mine.
This is an interesting book of Sarah's.
Tell me about this plan of theirs.
Wh ere's that husband of yours?
1 That's Mark's jacket.
He's my sister's boyfriend.
2 What's the name of the street where you live?
They sat at the back of the bus.
more rules for possessive 's
~2.15
• We often use noun + of+ possessive pronoun or
name I noun + 's after a I an or th is I that.
own
1 I asked Chris' advice. / I asked Chris's advice.
2 This is a photo of my parents' house.
That's the children's bedroom.
3 We spent the weekend at Paul's.
I went t o my grandmother's yesterday.
I'd love t o have my own business.
That's my magazin e. Why don't you buy your own?
Our town is going to get its own shopping centre.
Small bakers often sell their own bread and cakes.
Can you get me some aspirin when you go to the chemist's?
4 We saw Tom and Mary's pare nt s.
Is that Kate and David's house?
• We can use own after a possessive adjective for emphasis.
• We can also use of my I his I her, etc. + own, e.g. I'd love to
have a business of my own.
1 If a name ends with -s, we form the possessive with ' or 's.
Both are pronounced /rz./.
2 Possessives are different for regular and irregular plurals.
• After a plural noun ending in -s, we form t he possessive w ith
a final ' (but no extra s).
• After an irregular plural not ending in -s, we form the
possessive with 's.
3 We can use name/ person + 's to mean that person's house
or flat.
• We also use 's after words for certain jobs to refer to their
shop or business, e.g. chemist's, hairdresser's etc.
4 When we are talking about something belonging to two
people or things, we put the 'sonly after the second name.
a ~
he correct form.
What's <!§ ,.;;me of the sh#
the shop's name where
Suzy w orks?
1 That's the car of my friend I my frie nd 's car over there.
2 My brother's I brothers' names are Peter and M ichael.
3 I live in the flat at the top of th e building I
the building's top.
4 The only travel agents I travel agent's in ou r vi llage
closed down last year.
5 I can't remember Jim and Marie's I Jim's and Marie's
address - do you have it ?
6 A W ho 's Samantha?
B She's my husband's sister I my sister's husband .
7 We often have lunch at my parents' I my parent's.
8 Tim's a colleague of my I of mine.
9 N ot many people live in the centre of London I
London's centre.
10 I quite like supermarket pizza, but I p refer t o make
my own I mine own.
b Are the highlighted forms right (✓) or wrong (.X)?
Correct the wrong ones.
We went t o Annes for d inner last n ight. )( to Anne's
There are lo ts of expensive womens' clothes shops
round here.
2 James's brother is m uc h youn g er than him .
3 They'd really like to have his own flat.
4 A Who are those women?
B The b londe o ne is my sister A lice, and the dark one
is a colleague of her.
5 There's been a hairdressers on that corner for yea rs.
6 Two of my friend's mothers run o n line b usine sses.
7 Si mon is a distant cousin of ours.
8 If you want to work from home, you need to have
a study of your own.
9 Keith's and Brian mother works in t he shop wit h them.
10 T here w as a beautiful painting of Monet's at th e
exhibition.
o
p .30
0 Go online to review the grammar for each lesson
3A
GRAMMAR BANK
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.7-8
past simple, past continuous, or used to?
1 We use the past simple for finished past actions or states
(when we say, ask, or know when they happened). We can
use the past simple for things which happened at any time
in the past - very recently or a long time ago. The important
thing is that we see them as finished.
Revise the basics
past simple
1 When I was young, I loved playing outside.
2 We didn't live in a big city. NOT we didA't lived
3 Where did you go to school? NOT did you weAt
• For irregular past simple verbs, see Irregular verbs p.237.
2 We use the past continuous:
past continuous
4 I was watching TV when you arrived.
5 She wasn't studying when I called her.
6 What were you doing at 9.00 this morning?
• to talk about an action or situation in progress at a specific
time in the past.
• to describe a past action in progress which was interrupted
by another action (expressed in the past simple).
used to
used to and past simple
7 Luke used to have long hair.
8 They didn't use to live in London. NOT didA't used to
9 What music did you use to like when you were young?
NOT did you used to
past simple and past continuous
1 I only saw him for a few minutes before he left.
1 I used to be very shy when I was a child.
Tim used to go to the theatre a lot when he lived in
G3.5
London.
We used to live in Rome.
2 I was very shy when I was a child.
Tim often went to the theatre when he lived in London.
We lived in Rome for ten years.
G3.4
Most people didn't own a computer until the 1980s.
Where did you grow up?
2 What were you doing at 7.00 yesterday evening?
He was texting a friend when the accident happened.
While we were having our picnic, it started to rain.
Sorry, what did you say? I wasn't listening.
We use used to (not the past continuous) to describe a habit
or state that was true for a significant period in the past,
and that has now finished.
2 We can also often use the past simple instead of used to
especially with an adverb of frequency, e.g. usually, often,
etc.
• We use the past simple (not used to) when we specify how long
we did an action NOT We used to live iA Rome for teA years.
a
Are the hig hlighted forms right (✓) or wrong (,X)?
Correct the wrong ones.
Where did you use to go o n holiday when you were
young? ✓
1 T his time last week I was sitting on a bea ch.
2 When did they use to get married?
3 I worked in a pizza restaurant wh en I f irst met my wife.
4 We used to love going to concerts when we were
students.
5 I used to travel round Asia for a year before I decided
to go to university.
6 My brother and I didn't used to get on very wel l w hen
we were young.
7 Andrew was never studying much at school.
8 A Where did you go to school?
B In Manchester.
9 Sorry, I didn't hear w hat you said, I watched the news.
10 I used to be much thinner when I was a teenager.
b
Complete the sentences with the correct form of
the verbs (past simple, past continuous, or used
to). Sometimes more than one form is possible.
I grew up in a little vi llage. (grow up)
Th ey _ _ _ _ _ _ dinner when I _ _ _ _ __
(already have, arrive)
2 When we were yo ung, our parents _ _ _ _ __ us
to the beach every weekend. (take)
3 We _ _ _ _ _ _ when the taxi _ _ _ _ __
(sti ll pack, come)
4 _ __ _ _ _ your brother _ _ _ _ __ you to
p lay the guitar when you were young? (teach)
5 When I was a ch ild, I _ _ _ _ vegetab les. (not like)
6 He _ _ _ _ _ _ a beard when he _ _ _ _ __
at university. (have, be)
7 We _ _ _ _ _ _ all day p laying together when we
_ _ _ _ _ _ ch ildren. (spend, be)
8 He _ _ _ _ _ _ on his phone when the police
_ _ _ _ _ _ him. (talk, stop)
9
_ _ _ _ _ _ to a boarding school for two years,
from the age of 13 to 15. (go)
10 They _ _ __ _ _ a ca r when I first _ _ _ __ _
t he m. (not have, know)
p 44
0
3B
GRAMMAR BANK
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.8-9
prepositions
prepositions of place
dependent prepositions after verbs and adjectives
She sat in the square and watched the tourists.
There's a box under your bed.
You'll find some cash inside my purse.
The cups are on that shelf there.
There's a man standing in front of the gate.
We waited for the film to start.
e 3.1a
Everybody laughed at me.
2 I'm worried about my camera - the flash isn't working.
Lily's interested in astrology.
3 Tony's good at spending other people's money.
She believes in taking lots of pictures and then choosing
the best.
• Prepositions that describe place, like in and on, can be used
with different verbs and places and the meaning doesn't
change.
1 Some verbs are always followed by the same preposition.
2 Some adjectives are always followed by the same
preposition.
prepositions of movement
The plane flew over the city.
e3.11
3 If there is a verb after the preposition, we use the -ing form,
not the infinitive.
He ran across the road.
p The verbs ask, discuss, enter, marry, and t ell have no
preposition, e.g .
I asked Jack a question. NOT as/fee/ te
We discussed the situation. NOT c/isc1;1ssec/ abettt
The police officers entered the building. NOT enre,<ec/ in
She married her personal trainer. NOT married with
The photographer told everyone to smile. NOT -te/€i-ree·,•e f),'OAC
He walked through the door.
Go along the st reet, past the chemist's.
Don't run down the steps. You'll fall.
• Prepositions that describe movement, like over and through,
can be used with different verbs of movement and the
meaning doesn't change.
a
• For a list of prepositions after verbs and adjectives, see p.236.
Complete the story with the correct preposition.
across onto under into (x2) elewA
next to round on between in
off towards
The mouse ran down the stairs, 1_ _ _ _ the corridor, and
2_ __ _ the kitchen. It jumped 3
the table,
and ran 4_ _ _ _ the salt and pepper and 5
the
coffee pot. Th ere was some cheese 6_ _ _ _ a plate.
The mouse took a piece, jumped 7_ _ __ the table, and
disappeared 8_ _ _ _ the door. Then it ran 9_ _ _ _ the
ga rden and stopped 10_ _ _ _ the gate. But unfortunately,
two cats were hiding 11_ __ _ the grass, and they started
to creep 12_ _ __ the mouse ...
b
Complete the sentences with the correct
preposition. Write - if no preposition is
needed.
She paid for my flight home.
I'm t ired _ __ _ all t his work- I'm ready
_ _ _ _ a holiday!
2 I'm not looking forward _ __ _
_ _ __ what happened.
3 He's very proud _ __ _
apologizing
his new p hone.
4 We need to discuss _ __ _ the problems
with our IT depa rtment.
5 Mum! Josh won't share his sweets _ _ _ _ me!
6 You can't always rely _ _ _ _ the buses
here - they're often late.
7 I don't know what you're talking _ __ _
8 The pilot told us not to worry _ _ _ _ the
t u rbulence.
9 Who's responsible _ _ _ _ updating the
website?
10 Let's not argue _ _ _ _ it now- let's wait
_ _ _ _ the boss to get here.
11
Sarah married _ _ _ _ Anthony in July this
year.
12 I'm interested _ __ _ photography, but I'm
not very good
taking photographs!
4) Go online to review the grammar for each lesson
4A
GRAMMAR BANK
( ' SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.9-11
future forms: will I shall and be going to
will I shall
be going to
1 Predictions
G4.11
Who do you think will win tomorrow's game?
The climate probably won't change much in the next five or
ten years.
2 Future facts
1 Plans and intentions
I'm going to buy a new phone this weekend.
Tom's going to make pizza for dinner.
2 Predictions
You aren't going to like this film - it's very violent.
It's a bit cloudy - the weather forecast says it's going to rain
this afternoon.
I'll be at work on Monday. The election will be on 6th May.
3 Instant decisions
A Do you want coffee or tea?
4 Promises
G4.12
B I'll have a coffee, please.
A Have you been using my laptop? You didn't turn it off.
B Oh sorry. I' ll remember next time.
A The battery's almost run down!
B Sorry. I promise I won't do it again.
5 Offers and suggestions
I'll cook dinner tonight.
Shall I throw away this bread?
What shall I do with my old phone?
Where shall we go for lunch today?
• We use be going to + infinitive:
1 when there is a plan to do something - a decision has
been made.
2 to make predictions when we have visible or other
evidence of what is going to happen.
• We can often use either will or be going to for predictions.
f) The future in the past
When we talk about the future from the point of view of a
time in the past, we use was I were going to. This often
describes failed plans.
I was going to ca// you, but I forgot.
• We use will I won't+ infinitive:
1 to ask for or make predictions about what we think or
believe will happen.
2 for f ut ure facts which are beyond our control.
3 for instant decisions that you make at the time of speaking.
4 to make promises.
5 to offer to do something. If the offer is a question, we use
Shall I I we ... ?
We were going to go shopping, but we didn't have time.
• We also use shall with / and we to make suggestions.
a
Are the highlighted forms right(✓) or wrong (X)?
Correct the wrong ones.
A Is that the doorbell?
B Yes, it is. I'm going to get it. X I'll get
A What are your p lans for the weekend?
B I'm going to do lots of gardening, and we're going
to see my parents on Sunday.
2 A This cardboard box is empt y. W ill I put it in the
recycling bin?
B No, I'm going to use it.
3 A I've decided to buy a new camera. I'll get one with
a good zoom.
B Will I help you choose one? I know a lot about
cameras.
4 A Is Katie going to be at the party?
B I don't know. Pass me my phone and I'm going to
text her.
5 A Did you finish all the biscuits?
B Yes, sorry. I'l l buy some more this afternoon.
b
Complete the sentences with the correct form of
will, shall, or be going to and the verb in brackets.
We've decided that we 're going to stay in the UK for
our holiday this year. (stay)
A It's rea lly hot in here!
B I _ __ _ _ __ the air conditioning. (turn on)
2 Can I borrow £1 0? I _ _ __ _ _ _ you back
tomorrow. (pay)
3 A What are you planning to do with these old books?
B I _ _ __ _ __ them to the charity shop. (give)
4 A _ _ I _ _ some more bread w hen I go out? (buy)
B Yes, p lease. I've decided I _ _ _ _ __ _
sandwiches for lunch. (make)
5 Are you going home by bus? I _ _ __ _ _ _ you
a lift if you like. (give)
6 A Let's go to t he cinema tonight.
B OK. What f ilm _ _ we _ _ ? (see)
7 A What ___ you ___ w ith all those o ld bottles
and jars? (do)
B I _ _ _ __ _ them to the bottle bank for
recycling. (take)
8 After 2040, diesel cars _ __ _ __ _ in most
European countries. (not sell)
p.62
0
4B
GRAMMAR BANK
a
SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.11 - 12
first and second conditionals
first conditional
second conditional
If I have t ime, I'll write my CV tonight.
G4.19
If you don't work hard, you won't get promoted.
2 If he does well at school, he can go to a good university.
I might (may) go back to college if I can't find a job.
If you apply for a job, you must prepare an up-to-date CV.
If you want to do well in the exam, you should work hard this
weekend.
3 If you get an interview, think carefully about what to wear.
1 If I had more money, I wouldn't need to work overtime. G 4 .20
If they offered you a part-time job, would you take it?
2 I might meet more people if I lived in a hall of residence.
You could apply for a scholarship if you got a place to study
in the USA.
3 If John was (were) here, he' d know what to do.
I'd take it back to the shop if I were you.
• We use the first conditional to talk about a possible future
situation and its consequence.
1 The first conditional normally uses if+ present simple,
will I won't+ infinitive.
2 We can also use other modal verbs instead of will, e.g. can,
might, may, must, or should.
3 We can also use an imperat ive instead of will.
• We use the second conditional to talk about a hypothetical
or imaginary present/ future situation, or one that we don't
think is a possibility.
1 The second conditional normally uses if+ past simple,
would I wouldn't+ infinitive.
2 We can use might or could instead of would.
3 When we use be in the if clause, we can use was or were
after I I he I she I it.
p unless
• However, in the phrase if I were you, which is often used to
give advice, only were is used. NOT If I was yotr.
We can use unless instead of if. ..not in conditional
sentences.
I won't go unless you go, too. (= I won't go if you don't go,
too.)
a @ the correct form.
If I go to university, I'd study ~
engineering.
If she had her own car, she doesn't I wouldn't need to
borrow yours.
2 If I got I get a good degree, I'll find a better job.
3 I'd take the job if I am I were you.
4 We can't help you unless you tell I told us what the
problem is.
5 If you think I thought you're going to be late, please
send me a text.
6 You might I You'll give a b etter impression if you wore
a suit.
7 I won't I wouldn't go there unless I really had to.
8 Dana would enjoy life more if she didn't I doesn't
study all the time.
9 If I can't find a cheap bike, I won't I wouldn't buy one.
10 If I earned I earn more, I cou ld afford to rent a flat.
p First or second conditional
The conditional we use depends on how likely the condition
is. Compare:
If I have time, I'll help you. (I think it's a real possibil ity that
I'll have time.)
If I had time, I'd help you. (I think it's unlikely or impossible
that I'll have time.)
b Complete the sentences with the verb in brackets.
I wouldn't do research if I didn't enjoy working on my
own. (not do)
If I _ _ _ _ to stay at university, I'll probably do a
PhD or a master's degree. (decide)
2 If you didn't spend so much on clothes, you _ _ __
borrow money all the time. (not have to)
3 I t hink my sister and her boyfriend _ _ _ _ sooner if
they could afford to pay for the wedding. (get married)
4 If I have time over the summer, I _ _ _ _ for an
internsh ip. (apply)
5 I think Andy might get a scholarship if he _ _ __
on working hard. (keep)
6 If we _ _ _ _ a b igger house, we could re nt a
couple of rooms to students. (buy)
7 I might enjoy my job more if I _ _ _ _ such awful
colleagues. (not have)
8 If I don't like the j ob after six months, I _ _ __
(not stay)
9 My tutor says I must attend all the seminars if I _ __
to fail my exams. (not want)
10 I'd get more job offers if I _ _ _ _ better qualified.
(be)
p .6s
0
a
Go online to review the grammar for each lesson
SA
GRAMMAR BANK
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.12-13
present perfect simple
past participle
2 We use the present perfect simple to give news. If
something has happened very recently, we often
use just.
seen the news.
3 We use the present perfect simple with y et to ask
if something has happened, or to say that it hasn't
happened, but that it will.
Revise the basics
B
[±]
I have
You have
He / She / It has
We have
They have
I've
You've
He / She / It's
We've
They 've
I haven't
You haven' t
He / She / It hasn't
We haven't
They haven't
• Negat ive questions Haven't you ...yet? often
ex press surp rise or criticism.
4 We use the present perfect simple with already
Have you seen the news? Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.
Has he seen the news? Yes, he has. / No, he hasn't .
1 I've used Netflix, but I haven't used Amazon Prime.
Have you ever watched a foreign TV series?
She's never liked q uiz shows.
2 I don't believe it! We've won £500 on t he lottery!
He's just sent me a text - I'll tell you what it says.
3 Have / Haven't you started work yet?
I haven't talked to her yet - I'm going to call her later.
4 A Have you started painting the kitchen?
B Yes, and I've already finished it.
5 Sally's known him for 20 years.
We've o nly had a smart TV since last month.
I've been out all morning.
to say that something has happened, sometimes
earlier than expected.
5 We can use the present perfect simple, especially
with non-action verbs, to talk about situations
that started in the past and have continued to the
present. We don't use the present simple or the
present continuous, e.g. I've lived here for three
months. NOT I live here for three months. I
I'm li,·ing here for three months.
~5.9
1 We use the present perfect simpl e for past experiences if w e don't
say when they happened. If we say when they happened (five minutes
ago, yesterday, last week, etc.) we use the past simple, e.g . I've
watched Netflix a few times. I watched six episodes of The Crown
last weekend.
a ~
he correct form.
O h no! We're late! The film€ s -;iready star'fia> I
hasn't started yet.
• To express a period of time we often use fo r or since.
• We use fo r + a period of time, e.g. for two
minutes I ten years I ag es I a long time.
• We use since + a time in t he past, e.g. since th is
morning I 5.00 I September I 201 0 I I was a child.
• We can use phrases with all to express a period of
t ime, e.g. all my life, all day, all year, etc. We do n't
use for w ith a//, e.g. I've been here all day. N OT
!'·,,e eeen here for al/ day.
• For irregular past p art iciples, see Irreg ular verbs
p.237.
b Complete the sentences wit h the present perfect
or past simple form of the verbs in brackets.
Have you ever been to the Edinburgh Festival? (ever/ be)
This p rogramme's b een on for I since an hour.
2 I've already had I I haven't had breakfast, so I'm not
really hung ry.
A ___ you _ _ _ that wildlife documenta ry last
night? (see)
B N o, I _ _ __ it . (m iss)
3 I've been to Canada, but I never went I I've never
been to the USA.
2 A When _ _ you _ _ here? (get)
B I arrived at t he weekend, so I _ __ _ here for a
few days. (only/ be)
4 We've known them since we were at university I since
five years.
5 I've o nly been at w ork for an hour, but I've just I
already done a lot.
6 They got married in May, so they're married I they've
been married for six mo nths.
7 You'll love New Yo rk - have you been I did you go
there b efore?
3 A _ _ you _ _ t he match results? (check)
B It ___ yet. It ___ late. (not f inish, start)
4 A Bad news - Ben _ _ _ _ a bike accident. (have)
B O h no! When _ _ t hat _ _ ? (happen)
5 A W he re's Linda? She isn't at her desk.
B I t hink she _ _ _ _ for lunch . (just/ go out)
9 We've never been to Sweden, but we went I we've
been to Norway last yea r.
6 A _ _ _ you ___ him at tennis? (ever/ beat)
B No, but I _ _ _ _ a set last time. (win)
7 A ___ Marcus ___ his new job? (already/ start)
B Yes, his fi rst day _ _ _ _ last Monday. (be)
10 So rry, I can't meet you after work. I've just I yet had
an email from my b oss.
8 A How long _ _ _ you ___ a motorbike? (have)
B N ot long! I _ _ _ _ it six months ago. (buy)
8 He's li ved here since all his life I all his life.
o
p.77
SB
GRAMMAR BANK
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.14
present perfect continuous
2 We use the present perfect continuous for
continuous actions which have visible present
results.
Revise the basics
B
[±]
I have
You have
He / She / It has
We have
They have
I've
You've
He / She / It's
We've
They've
I haven't
You haven't
He/ She / It hasn't
We haven't
They haven't
been sleeping
well recently.
Have you been sleeping well recently? Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.
Has he been sleeping well recently? Yes, he has. I No, he hasn't.
1 A What have you been doing lately?
B I've been studying for my exams.
She's been going for a walk every morning this week.
John' s been working very late recently.
2 A You look tired.
B I've been working in the garden.
A You're covered in paint.
B Yes, I've been decorating t he kitchen all day.
3 How long have you been looking for a new job?
We've been living here since last year.
It's been raining all day.
3 We use the present perfect continuous to ask
or talk about situations which started in the
past and are still happening now. We often use
for I since or time expressions like all day I all
morning I all week. We don't use the present
continuous or the present simple, e.g.
I've been waiting since 10 o'clock.
NOT /'ffl waiting siAce 10 o'cloc.'f.
I wait siRce 10 o'clock.
0)5.18
• If you say when something happened, use the
past simple, not the present perfect continuous,
e.g. I've been watching a lot of TV lately. I saw
a great programme last night. NOT /'~•e beeA
seeiRg a great prografflffle last Rig1'it.
J) work and live
These verbs can usually be used in either the
present perfect simple or the present perfect
continuous with no difference in meaning, e.g.
I've been living here for three months.
OR I've lived here for three months.
1 We use the present perfect continuous with action verbs for repeated
actions that started in the past and have continued till now. We often
use time expressions like recently I lately.
• With non-action verbs we use the present perfect simple, e.g. I've
known them for 10 years. NOT /'~•e beeA /mowiAg tAeffl f.or 10 years.
a
Complete answers a-i w ith the present perfect
continuous. Then match them to the questions.
W hy are your clothes so wet?
d
1 Why are you so late?
2 Do you want a coffee?
3 Are you going t o move to London?
4 Are the children hungry?
5 Is her English good?
6 How's your new camera?
7 Why is Sally crying?
8 Do yo u thin k it's safe to drive?
a She _ __ _ _ _ a sad film on TV. (watch)
b N o, th anks. I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ too much caffeine
lately. (d rin k)
c I d on't think so. It _ _ _ _ _ _ _ very heavily. (snow)
d I 've been washing t he car. (wash)
e N o. They _ _ _ _ _ _ _ biscuits all afternoon. (eat)
f
I hope so. We _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a flat we can afford.
(look for)
g Yes, she _ _ _ _ _ _ _ it for a lo ng time. (learn)
h It's g reat - I
I
b ~
he correct form.
C[_ve been work]ii"g:i I'm working t oo hard lately.
I've been living I I'm living in a small vil lage for
f ive years.
2 Ania is really tired - she's travelling I she's been
t ravelling a lot for work since February.
3 I haven't been doing I I'm not doing much exercise
lately.
4 I arrived yesterday and I've been staying I I'm staying
for two weeks.
5 He's not answering h is phone - maybe he's driving I
he's been driving.
6 At last! I'm waiting I I've been wait ing for you for ages.
7 I can't stand this weather - it's raining I it's been
raining all week.
8 Be 9uiet! I've been trying I I'm trying to concentrate.
9 I've been seeing I I'm seeing a lot of my fami ly recently.
10 We need t o get someone to look at the central
heating. It isn't working I It hasn't been working
p roperly for ages.
o p.83
pictures all day. (take)
in a traffic jam for two ho urs. (sit )
0 Go online to review the grammar for each lesson
6A
GRAMMAR BANK
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.15-16
obligation, necessity, prohibition, advice
obligation and necessity
I have to work every evening.
Do we have to leave a tip?
They had to wait for two hours at the airport.
2 You must be more careful.
Must I show ID at the door?
You must pay him back as soon as possible.
3 I need to buy some food for tonight.
Do we need to book a table?
1 We use have to to talk about all kinds of obligation. have to
can be used in all tenses.
2 We also use must to talk about obligation. must is only used
in the present tense. The meaning is similar to have to, but
must is especially used when the speaker sees something as
a personal obligation. Compare:
I have to start work at 9.00. (an external obligation, the rule
where I work)
I must remember to book a table. (a personal obligation, one
that I impose on myself)
3 We can use need to to talk about things that are necessary.
need to can be used in all tenses.
2 We use (not) need to when it is not necessary to do something.
3 We can also use needn't + infinitive without to to say that it
is not necessary to do something.
prohibition
You mustn't be rude to customers.
You mustn't serve alcohol to people under 18.
• We use mustn't when something is prohibited, dangerous, or
wrong.
• mustn't and don't have to are completely different. Compare:
You mustn't drive. You've been drinking. = Don't drive. (It's
dangerous / wrong to do it).
You don't have to drive. We can get the bus. = it's not
necessary to drive. (There's no obligation or necessity.)
advice
You should try that new Vietnamese restaurant.
He shouldn't drink so much coffee.
2 You ought to get a new phone.
She oughtn't to spend so much on clothes.
3 When you're in Venice, you must I have to have a drink at
Harry's Bar!
no obligation / no necessity
You don't have to pay me now.
G)6.8
2 We won't need to take the car - it's walking distance from here.
3 You needn't hurry. We have p lenty of time.
1 We use (not) have to when there is no obligation to do
something.
a ~ h e correct form. Tick (✓) if both are possible.
I~
must buy a new fridge last week.
We don't have to I mustn't be at the airport until 5.00.
Our fl ight isn't until 7.00.
2 You needn't I don't have to worry about getting a
ticket in advance - you can pay on the train.
1 We use should I shouldn't to give someone advice, or to
say what we think is the right thing for ourselves or for
someone else to do.
2 We can also use ought to I oughtn't to to give advice. The
meaning is the same as should I shouldn't.
3 We can use must and have to to give strong advice when we
think it's very important that someone does something.
b
Complete the sentences with one word.
Contractions count as one word.
I definitely think you should sell your house. It would
be a really good idea.
You _ _ _ _ turn your phone on until the plane has
landed.
3 He shouldn't I doesn't have to have any more cake.
He's already had three p ieces.
2 Here's the form . You _ _ _ _ to sign it at the
bottom.
4 You'll have to I You'll need to book a table if you want
to go to Gino's on Saturday evening.
3 I think perhaps you _ _ _ _ to buy a new table,
and maybe you should get some chairs as well .
5 I should I ought to try to eat more vegetables.
4 We _ _ _ _ have to leave until 2 .30. It'll only take
an hour to get there.
6 We don't need to I mustn't leave yet. The show
doesn't start until 7.30.
7 You mustn't I don't have to spill anything on the sofa it's leather.
5 She _ _ _ _ come if she doesn't want to. Nobody
will mind.
8 We must I have to go to the supermarket later. We've
run out of coffee.
6 Our journey back was a nightmare. We _ _ _ _ to
wait hours for the bus.
7 You _ _ _ _ read his new book! You'll love it.
9 You don't need to I needn't phone me unless your
train is delayed.
10 You oughtn't to I don't have to arrive late on your first
day at work.
8 You _ _ _ _ to drink so many f izzy drinks. They're
really not good for you.
9 Do I _ _ _ _ to write a thank-you letter or can
I j ust send an email?
p.96
0
6B
GRAMMAR BANK
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.16-17
can, could, and be able to
ability, possibility, and permission
1 You can use a toothbrush to clean jewellery.
(1)6.13
I can't understand these inst ructions.
We can't park here. It's a no-parking zone.
She could swim when she was three years old.
They couldn't come to the concert last night.
2 Can you give me a hand?
Could I borrow your car?
3 I've been able to drive since I was 17.
The technician will be able to fix it.
I'd love to be able to ski.
I like being able to try clothes on, so I never buy things
online.
4 Unfortunately, we are not able to supply the missing parts.
I'm very sorry that I wasn't able to attend the interview on
Friday.
5 I couldn't find the book I wanted in t he shops, but I was able
to buy it online.
The mark on the carpet was really bad, but in the end I was
able to get it out.
1 We use can to talk about ability, possibility, and permission.
can is a modal verb, and it only has a present form
(which can be used to ta lk about the future) and a past /
conditional form (could).
2 We often use Can you I I...? or Could you I I... ? to make
requests or ask for permission. Could...? is more polite.
3 For all other tenses and forms, we use be able to +
infinitive.
4 We sometimes use be able to in the present and past if we
want to be more formal.
5 If we want to talk about ability on one specific occasion in
the past, we can use couldn't but not could. Instead, we use
was I were able to.
• We can also use managed to instead of was I were able to,
e.g. I managed to buy it online.
deduction
It can't be broken! I only bought it last week.
They can't be back yet. They said they were coming
home on Sunday.
(1) 6.14
• We use can't to say we are sure that something is
impossible / not true.
• In this sense, the opposite of can't is must. Compare:
She can 't be at work yet. It's only 7.30 a.m. (= I'm sure it 's
not true.)
She must be at work now. It's 9.30 a.m. (= I'm sure it's true.)
a
Are the high lig hted forms right (✓) or wrong (,K)?
Correct the wrong ones.
I'm afraid it's broken and I won't can mend it. X
I won't be able to
He can to sew really well - he makes all his own
clothes.
2 The office is closed now, but yo u will ca n pho ne them
on Monday.
3 He loves music - he could play the violin when he was
four!
4 You couldn't be serious! The ball was definitely out.
5 I love this shopping centre. It's g reat t o be able to b uy
everything in one place.
6 Ask the shop assistant - she m ight can help you.
7 I tried to phone the bank, but I wasn't able to sp eak
to the manager.
8 Will I be able use my UK credit card when I'm in the
USA?
9 I bought a new bike yesterday - I could get 10% off
by paying cash.
10 This camera's really cheap - it can't be very good.
b
Complete the sentences with the correct form of
can, could, or be able to.
I got a puncture, but I was able to change the wheel
myself.
This screw is much too short - it _ _ _ _ _ _ _ be
the right one.
2 I prefer real clothes shops to shopping onli ne. I hate
not _ _ _ _ _ _ _ try things on.
3 If we _ _ __ _ _ _ afford it, we'd eat out every
week.
4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ you see if they have these jeans in
my size?
5 If it doesn't fit you, you should _ _ _ _ _ __
change it.
6 They _ _ _ _ _ __ find the book anywhere in the
UK, so they ordered it from a US website.
7 I've never _ _ _ _ _ _ _ pronounce her name
correctly.
8 Fifty pounds for two pairs of socks? They
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ cost that much!
9 I spent ages looking for the right paint, and in the end
I _ _ _ _ _ __ find the perfect colour.
10 She's got a beautiful voice. I'd love _ _ _ _ _ __
sing like that.
o
p.99
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7A
GRAMMAR BANK
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.18-19
phrasal verbs
Type 1 - phrasal verbs with no object
I get up at 6.00.
I'm going to be away for three days next week.
What time are you coming back tonight?
They set off early in the morning.
The plane took off late, but we still arrived on time.
Type 3 - phrasal verbs with an object - inseparable
G)7.6
• Some phrasal verbs have no object. The verb and the
particle can't be separated. NOT I get at 6.00 up.
My sister and I both take after our father.
A Where's your phone?
B I don't know. I'm looking for it.
A How are you managing until you find a job?
B We're living on my wife's salary.
2 My boyfriend doesn't get on with his parents.
Jane's looking forward to her holiday.
G)7.8
Type 2 - phrasal verbs with an object - separable
1 Can you fill this bank form in?
Can you fill in this bank form?
Please put your clothes away.
Please put away your clothes.
Did you switch the computer off?
Did you switch off the computer?
2 Can you fill it in?
Please put them away.
Did you switch it off?
1 Some phrasal verbs have an object but can't be separated -
1 Some phrasal verbs have an object and can be separated we can put the object before or after the particle.
2 If the object is a pronoun (it, them, etc.), it a/ways goes
between the verb and the particle.
I switched it off. NOT / switched off it.
a ~ h e correct form. Tick (✓) if both
are possible.
Shall I switch on the air conditioning I
switch the air conditioning on? ✓
I went to the cash point and took out €100 I
took €100 out.
2 The pasta was cold, so I sent back it I sent
it back.
3 Could you tum down the music I turn the
music down? It's very loud.
4 They live off their parents I live their
parents off.
5 I decided I didn't like my new coat, so I
took b ack it I took it back to the shop.
6 I picked up the man's wallet I picked the
man's wallet up for him.
7 My sister lent me some money, but I
haven't paid back her I paid her back yet.
8 I set up our new computer I set our new
computer up at the weekend.
9 I grew up in Wales I grew in Wales up.
10 I'm afraid we're out of these trousers I out
these trousers of
b
the verb and the particle must stay together, even if the
object is a pronoun.
We take after our father. We take after him.
NOT 'Ne take our father after. V'le take him after.
2 Some phrasal verbs have two particles - they are never
separated.
Complete the sentences using a pronoun and the correct
form of the phrasal verb in brackets.
Your phone's ringing. Quick, turn it off. (turn off)
My parents are arriving at 11.15. Could you
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ at the airport? (pick up)
2 A When do you leave on your trip to China?
B Next Saturday. I'm really _ _ _ _ _ _ _. (look forward to)
3 A Do they still have their website?
B No, they _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a month ago. (close down)
4 A Excuse me madam, have you finished your steak?
B Yes, I can't eat any more. Please _ _ _ _ _ _ _. (take away)
5 A Have you found your glasses yet?
B No, and I've been _ _ _ __ _ _ for half an hour! (look for)
6 A What did you do with your old computer?
B I _ _ _ _ _ _ _. (give away)
7 This cheese is past its sell-by date. I'm going to
_ _ _ _ _ _ _. (throw away)
8 She was with her husband for 20 years, and she
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ during his final illness. (look after)
9 A Have they brought the bill?
B No, but I've _ _ _ __ _. (ask for)
10 A Is the TV loud enough?
B No. Could you _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a bit? (turn up)
7B
GRAMMAR BANK
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.19-20
verb patterns
Revise the basics
verbs+ infinitive (with or without to)
infinitive with to
1 Mandy agreed to come with me.
They decided to go home early.
We wanted to visit the Tate Gallery.
2 We can't buy the ticket s till tomorrow.
1 It's very difficult to read his writing.
NOT It's 't'ery diffic1:1/t read...
2 I need to go to the supermarket.
NOT I Reed go...
3 I went to the cinema to see the new James
Bond film.
NOT / we Rt to the ciRema f.or to see.. .
4 Be careful not to stay in the sun too long.
NOT Be careful to Rot stay...
G1.20
There's a lot of traffic - we might be a bit late.
You shouldn't drink so much coffee.
1 We use the infinitive with to after many verbs. See p.236 for examples.
2 We use the infinitive without to after all modal verbs (except ought).
verbs + gerund (verb + -ing)
1 They enjoy watching films at home.
I've finished reading the paper if you want it.
2 She's given up working on Saturdays.
I'm looking forward to hearing from you.
Are you going to carry on studying English next yea r?
infinitive without to
5 He can speak five languages.
NOT He caR to speak.. .
6 We mustn't be late.
NOT We m1:1stR't to be late.
G7.21
1 We use the gerund after some verbs, e.g . enjoy, f inish, hate.
gerund (verb + -ing)
2 We use the gerund after phrasal verbs.
7 Watching TV helps me to relax in the evening.
NOT \'IJatch TV helps me .. .
8 I'm not very good at remembering names.
NOT I'm Rot very good at remember.. .
9 I love getting up early in the summer.
NOT I love get...
10 I hate not seeing the children at bathtime.
NOT I hate Rot see #1e childreR ...
• For a list of verb patterns, see p.236.
verbs + object + infinitive (with or without to)
1 They want us to go on ho liday wit h t hem.
Liam told me not to tell anyone his news.
My parents don't allow me to wear make-up.
2 His parents let him go to t he concert .
Our boss makes us work late on Fridays.
G7.22
1 We use an object + the infinitive with to after some verbs.
NOT They waRt that we go with them. See p .236 for examples.
2 We use an object + the infinitive without t o after /et and make.
a
Complete the sentences with the correct form of
the verbs in brackets.
We really enjoy ~
to concert s. (go)
We went to the box office _ _ _ the t ickets. (pick u p)
2 _ _ __ to a live sp orti ng event is much more
exciting t ha n _ _ _ _ it on TV. (go, w atch)
b
Complete the second sentence so that it means
the same as the first.
I d idn't re m emb er to t urn my p hone off.
I forgot to turn my phone off.
They asked me to go t o the ci nema, and I agreed.
They p ersuaded _ _ _ __ __
3 I hate _ _ _ _ to visit my family more often, b ut
they live so far away. (not be able)
2 He said he wouldn't he lp her.
He refused _ __ _ _ _ _ her.
4 I tri ed _ _ _ _ t ickets for the concert, but I d idn't
manage _ _ _ _ any. (b uy, get)
3 Karen's teacher allowed her t o leave school e arly.
Karen's teacher let _ _ _ _ _ _ _ school e a rly.
5 Nowadays, it's cheaper _ _ _ _ to t he t heatre tha n
t o a football match. (go)
6 She moved fro m London to a small village and she
really misses _ _ _ _ t o p lays and exhib itio ns. (go)
4 M y husband said , 'You sho uld g o to the dentist's.'
M y husband wants _ _ _ __ _ _ to t he dentist's.
7 They to ld me _ _ _ _ in t he front row. (not sit)
8 We needn't _ _ __ . Amy's always late. (hu rry)
9 I can't affo rd _ __ _
in t he city cent re. (live)
10 Now it's difficult _ _ __ __ _ _ a mob ile
p ho ne. (imagine, not have)
5 The police ord ered him to move his car.
The police m ade _ _ _ _ _ _ _ his car.
6 I practise the p iano for 20 minutes a day.
I spend 20 m inutes a day _ _ __ _ _ _ t he p iano.
7 T hey asked if we wante d to have dinner with them.
They invit ed _ _ _ _ _ __ w ith t hem.
8 We don't go to concerts any more.
We've g iven u p _ _ _ _ _ _ _ concert s.
p 116
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SA
GRAMMAR BANK
t) SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.20
have something done
How often do you have your car serviced?
I don't have the flat cleaned. I clean it myself.
She has her house repainted every few years.
I'm having my hair cut tomorrow.
We've had a new bathroom put in.
The flat was in good condition, so we didn't have it redecorated .
When did you have those photos taken?
We're going to have the carpets cleaned next week.
You ought to have your roof repaired .
~8.1
• We use have+ object+ past participle when we arrange (and usually
pay) for someone to do something for us, either because we can't or
don't want to do it ourselves. Compare:
I cleaned my car yesterday.
(= I did it myself.)
a
• We can use have something done in any tense
and w ith modal verbs and other verb patterns,
e.g. gerunds or infinitives.
• have is the main verb and is stressed. We use
auxiliary verbs (do, did, etc.) to make questions
and negatives.
• If we want to say who did the work, we use by,
e.g. We had our wedding photos taken by the
same photographer you used.
I had the central heating checked by British Gas.
J) Using get instead of have
In this structure, we can also use get instead of
have, e.g. I'm going to have my haircut=
I'm going to get my hair cut.
I had my car cleaned yesterday.
(= I paid someone to clean it for me.)
Put the words in the correct order to
make sentences.
b Write sentences about the people in the pictures. Use the
correct form of have something done.
I (my hair had yesterday cut).
I had my hair cut yesterday.
1 Have (eyes your tested had recently you)?
2 We (to repaired don't have roof the need).
3 I (never whitened teeth have my would).
4 My sister (hair to cut not told short my me
have).
5 It's (expensive the to have too replaced
carpets).
6 He's (have to his taken going photo).
7 My (faces at children had festival the their
painted).
8 We (have ought air conditioning to fixed
the).
9 I (shopping the had cleaned my at centre
car).
10 I (have before renewed passport go I
holiday on to my have).
He/ hair / cut He's having
his hair cut.
She/ need/ her ca r /
service
2 He/ his front door/ replace
3 I / the lock/ change
4 They/ should / their
windows/ clean
5 She/ ought to/ her
shopping / deliver
6 He/ not want/ his photo /
take
7 She/ her portrait/ paint
8 He / want/ his suit/
dry-clean
op.128
8B
GRAMMAR BANK
O SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.20-21
the passive
forms of the passive
present simple
The site is visited by thousands
of people every year.
present continuous
The castle is being restored at the
moment.
present perfect
past simple
The King's body has never b een fo un d .
10,000 soldiers were killed in an hour at
the Battle of Gettysburg.
The bridge was closed because it w as
past continuous
~ 8 _11
being repaired .
past perfect
The hospital had been opened by the
Queen three years before.
will and be going to When will the new museum be built?
We are going to be given our exam
results tomorrow.
infinitive with to
The city centre has to be closed to all
traffic next weekend.
infinitive without to The President must be elected by a clear
majority.
gerund
Most people hate being woken up in the
middle of the night.
• We often use the passive when it's not said, known, or
important who does an action. My phone has been stolen.
(= Somebody has stolen my phone, but we don't know who.)
• If we want to say who did an action in a passive structure, we
use by. The Sagrada Familia was designed by Antoni Gaudi.
a
Complete the sentences with the correct passive
form of the verb in brackets.
The Guggenhe im Museum in Bilbao ~
1997. (open)
in
Many roads _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to traffic for t he
carnival last month. (close)
2 In recent years, many books _ _ _ _ __ _ about
the American Civil War. (write)
3 A new shopping centre _ _ _ _ _ __ in the town
centre at the moment. (build)
4 I think you should _ _ _ _ __ _ to ta ke photos in
the museum if you don't use flash. (allow)
5 Th e last battle on British soil _ _ _ __ _ _ at
Culloden in 1746. (fight)
6 Washington, DC _ _ __ _ _ _ by nea rly 20
millio n people every year. (visit)
7 I love _ __ _ _ _ _ round a city by someone who
knows it well. (show)
8 The gallery was closed because a TV series
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ inside. (film)
9 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ by the neighbour's noisy dog
three times already this week. (wake up)
10 Picasso's famous painting Guernica can _ _ _ _ __
in the Reina Sofia Museum in Madrid. (see)
• The subject of a passive sentence can be the direct or the
indirect object, e.g.
Active: They are going to give us (indirect object) our exam
results (direct object) tomorrow.
Passive: We are going to be given our exam results
t omorrow. OR Our exam results are going to be given to us
tomorrow.
• We often use the passive to talk about processes, for
examp le, scientific processes, and in formal writing, such as
newspaper reports.
The chemicals are combined at very high temperatures.
Parts of Windsor Castle have been damaged in a fire.
J:) Active or passive?
We can often say things in two ways, in the active or the
passive.
1 Using active or passive changes the focus.
Compare:
The royal family owns Windsor Castle.
(Active: The focus is more on the owner.)
Windsor Castle is owned by the roya l family.
(Passive: The focus is more on the castle.)
2 The passive Is often used for a more formal style.
Compare:
They grow rice in Valencia.
(Active: informal - they = people, farmers)
Rice is grown in Valencia.
(Passive: a more formal style)
b
Complete the second sentence so that it means the
same as the first.
Someone's stolen my bike! My bike 's been stolen.
They had to close the palace for renovations.
The palace _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _
2 You can find more information on the website.
More informati on _ _ _ __ __ _ __ _ _ __
3 Martin Luther King gave the famous 'I have a dream'
speech in 1963.
The famous 'I have a dream' speech _ _ _ _ _ __
4 A seat belt must be worn at all times.
You _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ __
5 Do you t hink they're going to offer you t he job?
Do you thi nk you're _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ ?
6 The previous church had been d estroyed by a fire.
A fire _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __
7 Your phone has to be turned off during take-off and
landing.
You _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
8 They're going to open a new visitor centre next year.
A new visitor centre _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __
9 They won't finish the new hospital until July.
Th e new hospital _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ __ __
10 Th ey g row tea in Sri Lanka.
Tea _ __ _ __ __ _ __ _ _ _ . OP 1.,2
0 Go online to review the grammar for each lesson
9A
GRAMMAR BANK
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.21- 22
reported speech
reported imperatives and requests
Revise the basics
direct statements
reported statements
'I have a good memory.'
'I'm not leaving.'
'We'll never forget you.'
'I can't remember.'
'We might/ may be a b it late.'
'I must go.'
She said (that) she had a good memory.
He told me (that) he wasn't leaving.
They told me (that) they'd never forget me.
He said (that) he couldn't remember.
They told us (that) they might be a bit late.
She said (that) she had to go.
1 'Wait in the car.'
She told me to wait in the car.
'Don't forget.'
He told me not to forget.
2 'Could you close the window?'
She asked me to close the window.
'Can you wait here, please?'
He asked us to wait there.
1 We can use tell + object pronoun +
word changes in reported speech
' I'll see you tomorrow.'
' I did it yesterday.'
'I went skiing last week.'
'We don't like it here.'
'This is your station.'
He said (that) he'd see me the next day.
G9.2
She told me (that) she'd done it the day before.
He said (that) he'd been skiing t he week before.
She told us (that) t hey did n't like it there.
She said (that) that was our station.
• Remember that when we report direct speech some time after the original
words were said, we change pronouns and possessive adjectives, time
expressions, and words like here and this.
reported questions
1 'What do you want to do?' She asked me what I wanted to do.
G9.3
'When's your birthday?'
She asked me w hen my birthday was.
2 'Have you been to Austra lia?' He asked us if / whether we'd been to Australia.
'Are you coming with me?'
She asked him if / whether he was coming with her.
infinitive to report imperatives and
instructions.
• The verb tell can mean give information or
give an instruction. Compare:
He told me (that) his name was Rob.
(= information)
He told me to close the door. (= instruction)
2 We can use ask + object pronoun +
infinitive to report requests (when you ask
someone politely to do something). We
must use an object pronoun, e.g. me, us.
• The verb ask can mean ask a question or
make a request. Compare:
He asked (me) what I was doing. (= question)
He asked me to close the door. (= request)
1 In reported questions, we change the tenses as with reported statements.
• Reported questions have normal word order, auxiliaries do/did are not used,
nor are question marks: She asked me what I want ed to do.
NOT She asked me what did I ·,•taAt to do?
• The verb ask in reported questions can be used w ith or without a subject or
object pronoun. e.g. She asked what I wanted to do.
• Wit h the verb be, the word order changes in the reported question.
2 We use if or whether to report questions which start w ith an auxiliary verb.
a
Complete the sentences using reported speech.
'I don't know your email.'
He said (that) .. .he didn't know my email.
' I can't f ind my p urse.'
She said (that) ...
2 ' I'm not coming to class on Frid ay.'
He sa id (t hat) ...
3 'We probably won't go o n ho liday this summer.'
They said (that) ...
4 ' I've f inished my exam s!'
Jane said (that) ...
5 'T he film w ill b e o n t omo rrow.'
They t old us (th at) . . .
6 ' I haven't been here before.' Rob ert t o ld m e (t hat) .. .
7 'I must leave at 6.30.' She said (that).. .
8 ' W e've never fo rg otten our visit .'
They told me (t hat) ...
9 'I saw a m an hiding in the b ushes.' He said (that) .. .
10 'I don't really w ant t o see you.' She to ld me (that).. .
b
Complete the reported questions, requests, and
imperatives.
'Wh ere do you live?'
He asked m e .. .where I lived.
She asked him .. .
1 ' Ho w many ch ildren do yo u have?'
2 'Could you t ake a p hoto of us?'
They asked the w oman ...
3
4
5
6
7
'W ill you be able t o come?' They asked us .. .
' Please fi ll in t he appli catio n form.' He told m e . . .
'Did you arrive o n t im e?' He asked her...
' Bring p lenty of food .' She told us . ..
'Can you help m e w it h the cooking?'
She asked m e . ..
8 ' How lo ng have you been wa iting?'
He asked them ...
9 ' Can you co nfirm yo ur d ate of b irth?' He asked her.. .
10 'Don 't wo rry ab o ut anyt hing.' They t o ld us .. .
op.145
9B
GRAMMAR BANK
SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.23
third conditional and other uses of the past perfect
third conditional
other uses of the past perfect
If I'd known his number, I would have called him.
Cl)9.13
They'd have been much happier if they'd never married.
If I hadn't gone to university, I wouldn't have met my wife.
What would we have done if we'd missed the flight?
1 When we arrived at the departure gate, the flight
Cl) 9.14
had already closed.
When the film started, I realized that I'd seen it before.
We still hadn't had breakfast when the taxi arrived.
How long had they been engaged before they got married?
2 'We haven't been married long.'
She said (that) they hadn't been married long.
'My boyfriend proposed to me in Paris.'
She told me (that) her boyfriend had proposed to her in Paris.
'I'd already seen the film .'
He said (that) he'd already seen the fi lm.
• We use the third conditional to talk about how things
could have been different in the past, i.e. for hypothetical
/ imaginary situations and their consequences. In the third
conditional, we use if+ past perfect, would have + past
participle.
J) 'd
In third conditionals, 'd is the contraction of both had and
would, e.g. If I'd known his number, I'd have called him.
1'
1'
had
would
1 We use the past perfect in narratives when we are talking
about the past and we want to talk about something that
happened earlier in the past.
• Compare:
When we arrived at the departure gate, the flight closed
(= we were on time).
When we arrived at the departure gate, the flight had closed
(= we were too late).
2 We use t he past perfect in reported speech when the
original speech uses the present perfect or the past simple.
• If the original speech is past perfect, there is no change in
reported speech.
a
Complete t he t hird conditional sentences with the
correct form of the ve rbs in brackets.
If we 'd missed the bus, we wouldn't have got home
till midnight. (miss, not get)
She _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in love with him if he
_ _ _ _ _ _ her laugh so much. (not fall, not make)
2 If they _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to the wedding, they
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ . (invite, go)
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ our anniversary if you
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ me. (forget, not remind)
4 If we _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ earlier, we
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ our train. (leave, not miss)
5 If you _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ in advance, you
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ your money. (not pay, not lose)
6 If they _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ enough money, they
_ _ _ _ _ a flat instead of renting one. (have, buy)
7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ better if I _ _ _ _ _ _ __
a coffee after dinner. (sleep, not drink)
8 Jane and I _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ touch if she
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ abroad. (not lose, not move)
9 If I _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ you had a problem,
I
to help . (know, offer)
3
10 If he
at the policeman, he
_ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ . (not sho ut, not be arrested)
b
Complete the sentences with the past simple or
past perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
When she woke up, the house was empty he 'd gone. (wake up, go)
I _ _ _ _ that p lay very much, even though I
_ _ _ _ it three times before. (enjoy, see)
2 He _ _ _ _ he _ _ _ _ for the company for six
months. (say, work)
3 She still _ _ _ _ at 10.00, so I _ ___ the
house without her. (not get up, leave)
4 We _ _ _ _ an hour looking for Carol, but
she _ _ __ . (spend, disappear)
5 He _ _ _ _ across t he road, but the taxi _ _ __
by someone else. (run, already / take)
6 I _ _ _ _ get on the flight because they _ _ __
it. (not can, overbook)
7 I _ _ __ in Sydney for a week when I first
_ _ _ _ Sally. (only/ be, meet)
8 She _ _ _ _ me if I _ __ _ China before.
(ask, visit)
9 They _ _ _ _ me they _ _ _ _ engaged.
(tell, just/ get)
10 The shop _ __ _ yet, b ut there _ _ __
already a lot of people waiting outside. (not open, be)
o
p.149
0 Go online to review the grammar for each lesson
10A
GRAMMAR BANK
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.24-25
be, do, and have: auxiliary and main verbs
be - main verb and auxiliary
have - main verb and auxiliary
A Where's my bag? 8 It's over there.
G) 10.2
I was very sensitive when I was a child.
They haven't been here before.
2 I'm sitting on the bus.
They aren't coming to the party.
I was cycling to work when I saw him.
Were they waiting for you when you arrived?
She's been learning Japanese for two years.
They haven't been working here for very long.
A new concert hall is being built - it will open next year.
My car has been stolen!
1 I have two brothers and a sister.
He's having a shower at the moment.
What did you have for dinner?
2 I have to be at the airport at 11.00.
We had our computer repaired last week.
3 They've bought a new car.
I haven't seen him recently.
Has he ever been to Spain?
4 I was sure I'd seen him before.
We were hungry because we hadn't had breakfast.
Had she tried to phone you before she arrived?
1 We can use be as the main verb in a sentence.
1 We can use have as the main verb in a sentence. It can be an
action or non-action verb. See 2A p.206.
2 be is also an auxiliary verb.
• We use am/ is I are as auxiliaries in the present continuous.
• We use was/ were as auxiliaries in the past continuous.
• We use has been I have been as auxiliaries in the present
perfect continuous.
• We use all tenses of be as auxiliaries in passives.
G)10.4
2 With have to and have something done, have is a main verb.
3 We use have I haven't I has I hasn't as auxiliaries in the
present perfect.
4 We use had I hadn't as auxiliaries in the past perfect.
do - main verb and auxiliary
1 What are you doing?
I did my homework last night.
2 She doesn't speak English.
They didn't go to the theatre.
G) 10.3
Where do they live?
Did you enjoy the film?
1 We can use do as the main verb in a sentence.
2 We use do I don't I does I doesn't as auxiliaries in the
present simple, and did I didn't as auxiliaries in the past simple.
a
Complete the sentences with the correct form of
the auxiliary verb be, do, or have.
b Complete the sentences with the correct form of
the main verb be, do, or have.
QQfil he like living in the UK, or § he feeling homesick?
What have you been doing since I last saw you? (do)
A _ __ _ you ever been to the USA?
I would have finished the exercise if I _ __ _ more
t ime. (have)
B No, my husband _ _ _ _ like flying.
2 A _ __ _ you miss the beginning of the film?
B No, luckily it _ _ _ _ started yet.
3 _ _ _ _ he know we _ _ _ _ coming, or do we
need to give him a ring?
3 I _ _ __
(have)
4 I'm sorry I _ _ _ _ answer the phone when you
called, but I _ _ _ _ having a meet ing.
4 Nothing _ _ __
problem. (do)
5 We _ _ _ _ often travel outside Europe, but we
_ _ __ been to Chile twice.
5 Where _ _ _ _ you at 10 o'clock this morning? (be)
6 He _ _ _ _ been working since 7.00 this morning,
but now he
gone home.
7 A Where
Melanie going on holiday this
year?
B Rome, I think. She _ _ _ _ never been there
before.
8 They're in New York, but they _ _ _ _ have much
time for sightseeing - they
only staying for
two days.
2 She _ __ _ to Africa before, so she's really
looking forward to our trip to Namibia. (not be)
steak for lunch and it was delicious.
at the moment to solve the
6 I _ _ _ _ a shower when the hot water st opped
working! (have)
7 I _ _ _ _ rea lly annoyed if you'd repeated what I
told you . (be)
8 The reception was a great success, and a good t ime
_ _ _ _ by all. (have)
9
_ _ _ _ the washing-up as soon as I finish my
homework. (do)
o
p.162
10B
GRAMMAR BANK
revision of verb forms
a
Complete the conversation with the correct form
of the verb in brackets.
b Complete the second sentence so that it means
the same as the first. Use the correct form of the
verbs in brackets.
He cleaned the w indows and earned £20. (pay)
He was paid £20 for cleaning the windows.
She first met him 20 years ago. (know)
She _ _ _ _ __ _ him for 20 years.
Tina Hi Roger, how ~ (be) you?
Roger Hi Tina. I'm exhausted - I 1_ _ _ __ __
(work) rea lly hard all week.
Tina Is that why you 2_ _ _ _ __ _ (not come)
out with us last night?
Roger Yes, I 3_ _ _ _ _ _ _ (not can) come
because I 4
(st udy). My
last exam 5_ _ _ _ _ _ _ (start) at 9.00
tomorrow morning.
Tina Really? I 6_ __ _ _ _ _ (finish) all my
exams!
Roger Lucky you! What 7_ _ _ _ _ _ _ you
_ _ _ _ _ _ (plan) to do now they're over?
Tina I 8_ _ _ __ _ _ (fly) to Austral ia in three
days. I 9_ _ _ _ _ _ _ (always/ want) to
go there, ever since my aunt and uncle
10_ _ _ _ __ _ (move) there five years ago,
but I 11_ _ _ _ _ _ _ (not have) time until
now.
Roger Fantastic - I'm sure you 12_ _ _ __ _ _
(love) it.
Tina I hope so! What about you? I 13_ _ _ _ __
(see) Mary yesterday and she 14_ _ _ _ _ _
(say) you 15_ _ _ ____ (invite) her to go
to France.
Roger Yes, but unfortunately she 16_ _ _ __ _ _
(already I make) other plans.
Tina And what about tomorrow evening?
17_ _ _ _ _ _ _ you - - - - - -(celebrate)?
Roger Yes, I 18_ _ _ _ _ _ _ (think) of going to
that new pizzeria with some friends.
19_ _ _ _ _ __ you _ _ _ _ _ _ _(want)
to come along?
Tina Yes, that would be great - I 20_ _ _ _ _ __
(see) you tomorrow. And good luck with the
exam!
2 It's not necessary for you to bring any mon ey. (need)
You _ _ __ _ _ _ to bring any money.
3 I can't repair the chair because I don't have any glue.
(have)
If I _ _ _ _ _ __ some glue, I could repa ir the
chair.
4 I learnt to swim when I was five. (be able, swim)
I _ _ __ _ __ since I was f ive.
5 What are your plans after you graduate? (go)
What _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to do after you graduate?
6 He says it would be good to in clude a covering letter.
(suggest, include)
He _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a covering letter.
7 The President opened the concert hall in 2019. (open)
The concert hall _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in 2019.
8 I had much longer hair when I was younger.
(used, have)
I _ _ _ ____ much longer hair when I was
younger.
9 You can pay me back tomorrow. (not have to)
You _ _ _ __ _ _ pay me back until tomorrow.
10 She sta rted learning Russian two months ago. (learn)
She _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Russian for two months.
11 Somebody had stolen his car so he phoned the
police. (steal)
He phoned the police beca use his
car _ _ _ _ _ __
12 My boss said I could leave work early. (let, leave)
My boss _ _ _ _ ___ me _ __ ____ work
early.
13 She accepted the wedding invitation. (say, can)
She _ __ _ _ _ _ come to the wedding .
14 The photo was out of focus because I moved the
camera. (move)
The photo would have been in focus if I
_ _ __ ___ the camera.
15 They shouldn't be so careless. (ought, be)
They _ _ _ _ _ __ more careful.
o
p .169
4) Go online to review the grammar for each lesson
VOCABULARY BANK
Adjective suffixes
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.26-27
1 DESCRIBING PEOPLE
2 DESCRIBING PLACES AND THINGS
a
a
Add an ending to the nouns and verbs below and
make any other small changes necessary to form
adjectives. Write them in the correct column.
Add an ending to the nouns and verbs below and
make any other small changes necessary to form
adjectives. Write them in the correct column.
a#eFEI /ib:d/ colour /'k1'1d/ comfort /'kAmfot/
a#-eaiefl fa'fekJnJ assert /g's3:t/ attract /itrrekt/
compassion /bm 'preJn/ congder /k;m's1d::i/
create /kri'e1t/ envy /'envi/ 9JE_mour /\Jlrem;J/
help /help/ impulse /'1mpi\.ls/ love /l,w/
possess /po'zes/ power /paud/ rebel /n'bel/
re~ /n'la1/ response /rr'spons/ thought /!b:t/
J) Word endings for adjectives
Many adjectives are formed by adding suffixes
(= endings) such as -able I -ible to a noun or verb.
Sometimes another small spelling change is
required, e.g. losing a final e (fame - famous).
desire /d1'za10/ dirt /d3:t/ expense /Jk'spens/
health /helO/ impress /Im'pres/ ruxury /'IAkJ::iri/
mess /mes/ noise /nod peace /pi:s/ QIQfit /'profit/
rest /rest/ risk /nsk/ space /speis/ stress /st res/
suit /su:t/
-able
-y
-ive
-ous
-ful
recognizable
affordable
easy
addictive
dangerous
useful
Check the spelling changes in your dictionary.
Knowing typical suffixes will help you to recognize
that a new word is an adjective.
-ful
-able I
-ible
-ate
-ive
-ous
sociable
sensible
Qg_ssionate
affectionate
sensitive
ambitious successful
b G1 .10 Listen and check.
Cover the chart and look at the nouns and
verbs in a. Say the adjectives.
ACTIVATION
3 -FUL AND -LESS
J) -ful and -less
b
-fu/ and -less are suffixes which add the meaning
'with' or 'without' to the base word, e.g. careful =
with care, careless= without care, hopeful= with
hope, hopeless = without hope.
G 1.9 Listen and check.
Cover the chart and look at the nouns and
verbs in a. Say the adjectives.
However, not all words which can form an adjective
with -fu/ can also form one with -less, e.g. we can say
successful but NOT successless, and not all words
which can form an adjective with -less can also form
one with -fu/, e.g. we can say endless but NOT
ACTIVATION
-ef1€1ful.
'I was a very rebellious teenager.'
a
Look at the -fu/ adjectives in the charts in 1 and 2.
Tick the ones that can form an adjective with -less.
b
G1 .11 Listen and check.
Packing
VOCABULARY BANK
O SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.27
1 THINGS TO TAKE ON HOLIDAY
2 DOCUMENTS YOU MAY NEED
a
a
Match the words and photos.
Electronics
adaptor /;:,'drept;)f
batteries /'bretriz/
(phone) charger /'tjo:d3~
earphones /'1;:if;)lmz 1
hairdryer /'hc;:idra1;,/
headphones /'hedf;xmz/
travel iron /'tnevl a1;:m/
Toiletries
brush /hrAJI
comb / bum/
deQdorant /di';:iud::ir.:,nt/
insect repellent
/'m<;ekt ripel;,nt/
make-up /'mc1k Ap/
razor l're1z;J/
(nail) scissors /'s1z';Jz/
shampoo /Jrem'pu:/
sunscreen /'sAnskri:n/
toothbrush /'tu:(:JbrAf/
toothpaste /'tu:0pe1st/
washbag /'wo.fbreg/ (also
sponge bag /'spAnd3 breg/)
Match the documents to the reasons
why you need them on holiday.
1
2
3
4
5
6
a if you are travelling to a country which
requires one, e.g. the USA
b if you want to rent a car
c in case you have an accident or another
problem
d to allow you to leave and enter a country
e to prove to a hotel or airline that you have
paid for a room, flight, etc.
7
9
••
b
G 2.2 Listen and check.
ACTIVATION Which of these documents do
you usually take with you when you travel?
11
fl
14
passport or ID card
visa
travel insurance documents
driving licence
booking confirmation
3 PACKING VERBS
15
a
Clothes and shoes
bathrobe /'ba:Or;:,ob/ (or
dressing gown /'dresuJ gaon/)
flip-flops /'flip flops/
pygmas /p;:,'d3u:m';Jz/
rain jacket /'rein d3a:!krt/
(or raincoat /'rt:mkaot/)
filippers /'sllpaz/
sun hat /'s,,n hcet/
swimming trunks
/'sw1m11J trAJJks/
swimsuit /'sw1msu:t/
underwear i'And;:iwe;:,/
Match the words and photos.
fold (clothes) /fauld/
pack (a suitcase) /prek/
roll yg (clothes) l,r;:iol 'Ap/
unpack /,rn'prek/
wrap (fragile things) /r,cp/
I
Others
beach bag /'bi:tJ bi.cg/
first-aid kit /,fa:st 'e1d kit/
guidebook /'gaidbok/
pack of cards /,prek ;iv 'ko:dz/
towel /'taual/
b G2.1 Listen and check.
ACTIVATION Cover the words
and look at the photos.
Say the words.
·•··
•• ••
-··•·
-·
b
G 2.3 Listen and check.
Op.26
0 Go online to review the vocabulary for each lesson
VOCABULARY BANK
Shops and services
Match the words and photos.
baker's /'be1bz/
barber's /'ba:lx:iz/
butcher's /'butJ;,z/
car showroom /'.fJuru:m/
chain store /'lfem st:,:/
chemist's /'kem,sts/
deli /'deli/
DI]'. store /,di: ai 'wa, st:,:/
dry-cleaner's /,dra1 'kli:nJz/
estate agent's /i'stert e1d3;,nls/
fishmonger's /'fIJmAIJg;:iz/
SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.28
2 PHRASAL VERBS RELATED TO
SHOPS AND SHOPPING
1 PLACES
a
a
florist's /'florists/
9Mden centre /'go:dn sent;:"J/
greengrocer's /'gri:ngr;:JUs;:"Jz/
hairdresser's /'he;:"JdresJz/
jeweller's /'d3u:;,bz/
launderette /b:n'dret/
market stall /'ma:k1t st:,:1/
newsagent's /'nju:ze1d3;mts/
off-li cence /'of lmsns/
stationer's /'ste1J;m;,z/
travel agent's /'tra:vl e1d3;:"Jnts/
a
Match the highlighted phrasal verbs to the
definitions.
A lot of local shops and businesses have
closed down because of the recession.
A Do you need any help?
2
B No thanks, I just want to look round.
3
I wanted to get the coat in a large, but
they'd sold out.
A Is there somewhere where I can t ry on
this sweater?
B Yes, the changing rooms are over there.
Excuse me, can you help me? I'm looking
for a butcher's. Someone told me there was
one near here.
A Do you have these in a medium?
B I'm sorry, we're out of mediums at the
moment, but we should be getting some
in soon.
4
5
6
a not have in stock at the moment
b put something on to see if it fits
c (of a shop) not have any more to sell
d stop trading or doing business
e try to find something
f walk round a place to see what there is
b G2.23 Listen and check.
ACTIVATION Cover 1-6 and look at definitions a- f.
Say the phrasa l verbs.
p Shop names with 's
The names for many sorts of shops end in
's. This is short for (sb)'s shop, e.g. baker's =
baker's shop, chemist's = chemist's shop. In the
plural of these shops, there is no apostrophe,
e.g. There are several bakers here.
Shop names are also often compound nouns,
e.g. bookshop, pet shop, health food store.
Other places to buy things in the UK
Charity shops sell second-hand items
(especially clothes) w hich have been given to
them by people to raise money for charity.
Pound shops sell a variety of cheap goods
which cost one pound.
Craft fairs are events where you can buy
handmade things, often made by local people.
b
G2.22 Listen and check.
ACTIVATION Cover the words and look at the photos. Say the
words.
Outlets are shops that sell branded goods at
red uced prices.
Op.32
Photography
VOCABULARY BANK
O SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.29
1 DESCRIBING A PHOTO
a
P on top of or at the top of
Look at the photos and complete the sentences with a word
or phrase from the list. Use capital letters where necessary.
behind /h1'harnd/ ifl--the .bs!s.!sgrOtffie /'brekgraond/
in the bottom right-hand corner /,bot;Jm raIt ha:nd 'b:n;J/
in the ~tre /'s~nt;J/ in the distance /'d1st;ms/
in the foreground /'f:i:graund/ in front of /m 'frAnt av/
in the t op left-hand ~ner /,top left h.end 'b:n;J/
on top of /on 'top ;,v/ Qpposite /'op;,z1t/
The b ird is on top
of t he p hoto.
The bird is at the
top of the photo.
Photo 1
1 In the background, there's
a mountain and some low
cloud .
2 _ _ _ _ _ __, there's
a g ra nd mot her and three
children.
3 The boy in an orange
T-shirt is standing
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ his
grand mother.
4 _ _ _ _ __ of t he
photo, t here's a building
with lots of steps.
5 Th ere's a smal l b uilding
that looks like a t emple
_ _ _ _ _ _ a small
hill.
b
0,3.10 Listen and check.
ACTIVATION Cover 1-10. Describe where the
people and things are in the two photos.
2 TAKING PHOTOS
a
Match the sentence halves.
1 e You use flash when .. .
2
You zoom in when .. .
3
4
A photo can be out of focus if ...
Many cameras have a portrait setting
to use when ...
5
6
A photo can be overexposed if ...
With good cameras you can use
different lenses, e.g. a wide-angle lens,
when ...
You edit a photo when ...
7
Photo 2
6 _ _ _ __ _ _, t here's
a wo man standing on a
terrace looking at t he view.
7 The woman is standing
_ _ _ _ _ __ a low wall.
8 _ _ _ _ _ _ t he
woman, there's a building
wit h a tower t hat looks like a
church.
9 _ _ _ _ __ , on t he
right , you can j ust see the
top of an old building which
looks like a ruin.
10 _ _ _ _ __ _, t here are
some trees.
a you're far away from something and you
want t o take a close-up of it.
b you want t o take a p hoto of a landscape
b ut you can't get all of it in.
c there's too much light on the subject when
you're t aking it.
d you want to take a photo of a person.
e you want to take a photo somewhere dark,
e.g. indoors or at night.
f you change the size, colour, or brightness.
g your camera isn't automatic and you
haven't used t he rig ht settings.
b
0,3.11 Listen and check.
ACTIVATION Cover a- g and look at 1-7. Say
the rest of the sentences.
p.46
0 Go online to review the vocabulary for each lesson
VOCABULARY BANK
Rubbish and recycling
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.30
1 RUBBISH: NOUNS AND PHRASAL
VERBS
a
Match the words and photos.
bott le /'botl/
can /kren/
cardboard box
/'ko:db:i:d boks/
carton /'ko:t 11/
nouns
bin /bm/ bin bag /'bm breg/
landfill site /'lrendftl sart/ refuse collector t'ref,iu:s k.ilekt:11
we&ish /'rAbrf/ waste /wc1st/
waste-Q£per basket /,wc1st 'pcrpa bo:sk1t/
jar /d3u:/
lid /hd/ (or cap /krep/)
Q£Cket /'pcek,t/
rubbish things that you th row away because you
don't want t hem any more (NAm E garbage or trash)
;,J,
b (D4.1 Listen and check.
b
If that pen doesn't work, just _ _ _ _ it _ _ _ _
I hate having pens around that don't work.
2 Please could you _ _ _ _ _ _ __ the ru bbish?
I did it last week.
3 I'm moving house in a few weeks, and I've decided to
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a lot of books and clothes to
a charity shop.
4 In most countries, people throw away used glass,
cardboard, etc. in special bins. Local councils then
collect t his waste and _ _ __ it _ __ _ to be
recycled.
~tic bag /'plrestrk ba:g/
pot /pot/
pouch /paot.f/
sell-by date /'sclbm dc1ti
t in /uni
(polygy_rene) t ray /1rc1/
tub /tAbl
wrapper /'rrep~/
4
(1)4.3 Listen and check.
ACTIVATION What kind of packaging is normally used
for...?
Complete the sentences with a phrasal verb from
the list.
phrasal verbs
g ive away /g1v 'd'wc1/ take away /te1k a'\vct/
take out /tc1k aul/ throw away /0r;;,u -;i'wc1/
d
a
Read the definitions for rubbish and waste. Then
match the other nouns from the list to their
definitions.
2 ~ materials that are not needed and are thrown
away, e.g. industrial -, toxic 3 _ __ _ _ _
a container that you p ut rubbish in
(also dustbin)
4 _ __ _ _ _
a plastic bag which you put
rubbish in and then throw away
5 _ _ _ _ _ _ a small basket kept indoors where
people throw away paper and small things
6 _ __ _ _ _
the person whose job it is to t ake
away the rubbish (also dustman, informa l bin man)
7 _ _ _ _ _ _
an area of land where large
amounts of waste are covered with earth
c
2 PACKAGING
biscuits cereal chicken legs
Qlives ~ta sauce sar~
ice cream milk
soft drinks yQgurt
3 THE PREFIX REa
Complete the sentences with a verb from the list.
reaQQ.[y /ri:.i'pla1/ r e ~ /ri:'sa1kl/ reheat /ri:'hi:t/
reQ_@y /ri: 1ple1/ rethink /ri:'01uk/ reuse /ri:'ju:zJ
There's a bottle bank at the local supermarket where
you can ~
all your glass bottles and jars.
2 A ll supermarkets in the UK now charge extra for
plastic bags. They prefer customers to have shopping
bags which they can _ _ __
3 If you're not sure about the project, you shou ld
_ _ _ _ the whole thing.
4 You can _ _ _ _ your dinner in the microwave.
5 They'll have to
the match next Saturday.
6 You should
sunscreen every hour if you
have fair skin.
(D4.2 Listen and check.
ACTIVATION Cover the words and say the definitions
and sentences.
b
(1)4.4 Listen and check.
Op.60
Study and work
1 HIGHER EDUCATION
a
Read the text about University College London
(UCL) and complete it with words from the list.
VOCABULARY BANK
a
SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.31-32
2 APPLYING FOR A JOB OR COURSE
a
Complete the gaps w ith a noun from the list.
Cy_ /~i: 'vi:/ exQgrience /tk'sp1arians/ intern /m't3:n/
interview /'mt;wju:/ job Qffer /d3ob 'ofa/
Q_filmit /'p3:m1t/ qualifiQtions /1kwo1If1'ke1Jnz/
@ference /'refrans/ skills /skilz/ .Y.§.cancy /'ve1kansi/
fil!filpus /'k.cmp;)s/ dissertation /d1sa'te1Jn/
faculties /'frekltiz/ halls of residence /h:1:lz :w 'rcz1dans/
lectures /'lektf;:,z/ post9@_duates /p;.)ust'grred3uJts/
professors /prJ'fes;iz/ seminars /'semmu:z/
thesis /1Oi:s1s/ tutor /'tju:fal
under9@_duates iAndigr.cd3uats/ webinars /'webmc1:z/
What you may need to have
• 1qualifications (e.g. a degree, a diploma)
• 2_ _ __ _ _ _ (having done some work before)
• 3_ _ __ __ _ (e.g. languages, IT)
• a 4_ __ _ __ _ (a letter from a person who
University College London, also known as UCL, is one of
London's most important universities. Founded in 1826, it
is based in the Bloomsbury area of central London. The
main 1 campus
is located around Gower Street.
I
would be prepared to recommend you)
What you may need to do
UCL currently has around 38,000 students, both
2_ _ _ __ _ (students studying for their first degree)
and 3_ _ _ __ _ (students studying for further
degrees). Further degrees include a Master's degree,
usually a one-year course at the end of which students
have to write a 4_ _ _ _ __ , or a PhD (doctorate), a
three-year (or more) course during which students have to
write a doctoral 5_ _ _ __ _
UCL has around 7,000 academic and research
staff, and 840 6_ __ __ _ (the highest ranked
university teacher), which is more than any other British
university. The research and teaching is divided into ten
7_ _ __ _ _ , e.g. Arts and Humanities, Engineering
Sciences, Medical Sciences, etc.
Many students, particularly first year undergraduates
and overseas students, live in 8_ _ _ __ _ . The
majority of others find their own accommodation. Students
are taught in tutorials (small groups of students with a
9_ __ _ _ _), or through 10_ _ _ __ _ (larger
classes where students discuss or study with their teacher)
or 11 _ _ __ _ _ (where a large group of students
listen to a talk but do not participate). Some teaching
may also be in the form of 12_ _ __ __ (seminars
conducted over the internet).
Famous past students range from Alexander Graham Bell,
the inventor of the telephone, and Mahatma Gandhi, to all
the members of the rock group Coldplay, who met while at
university there.
b
G4.13 Listen and check. What do the bold words
and phrases mean?
ACTIVATION With a partner, say three things which
are the same and three which are different about
universities in your country.
• look for a 5 job _ __ _ __ _
or course
6
• apply for a work
a place on a
course, a grant/ scholarship
• write a 7_ __ _ __ _ and a covering letter
• attend an 8_ _ __ _ __
• get a 9_ _ _ _ _ _ _ or an offer for a place on a
course
• work as an 10_ __ _ _ __
b
G4.14 Listen and check. What do the bold words
and phrases mean?
p attend or assist
attend = (formal) to be present at an event
We strongly recommend that students attend all of
their lectures.
assist = (formal) to help sb to do sth
Jack was happy to assist Peter with gathering
information for the report.
apprenticeship or internship
apprenticeship = a period of time during which sb
(usually a young person) works for an employer to
learn the skills needed for a specific job
The apprenticeship to be an electrician lasts about three
years and there is an exam you must pass at the end.
internship = a period of time during which sb
(usually a student or recent graduate) gets practical
experience of a job
Before I got my first job, I did an internship at a
publishing company.
Op.64
a
Go online to review the vocabulary for each lesson
VOCABULARY BANK
Television
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.33
1 TYPES OF PROGRAMME
a
p series, soaps, and sitcoms
A series /'srari:z/ is a set of TV programmes about the
same subject or w ith the same characters. It is divided
into episodes, wh ich usually last between 30 minutes
and an hour. When a series first comes out, episodes
are usually broadcast once a week. A popular
series may return for a second (third, etc.) season.
Streaming services like Netflix now release complete
seasons at a time. Sometimes a season is referred to
as a box set.
Match the photos to the types of programmes.
advert hedv3:t/
cartoon /ka:'tu:n/ (or animation /,reni'me1Ji1/)
chat show /'tJret Jao/
cookery programme/'kubri pr;mgrrem/
current affairs programme /,k11.rant a'feaz praugrrem/
documentary /,dokju'mentri/
(crime) drama /'dra:m~
live sport /,laiv 'sp:,:t/
gg_riod drama /'p1ariad clra:ma/
quiz show /'kw1z Jau/
r-1_ __
A soap /saop/ (short for soap opera) is a story about
the lives and problems of a group of people. It is
broadcast several times a week, or even every day.
A sitcom /'s1tknm/ (short for situation comedy)
is a regular TV programme that shows the same
characters in different amusing situations.
re.2,lity show /ri'relati Jau'
the news /o-;J 'nju:zJ
ACTIVATION What are the most popular series, soaps,
quiz shows, and reality TV shows in your country at
the moment?
2 PHRASAL VERBS
a
Complete the definitions with a phrasal verb from
the list.
be on /bi: on/ turn down /t3:n daon/ turn off /t3:n of/
turn on /t3:n on/ turn Qver / t3:n 'aov;i turn up /t3:n Apl
_ __ _ the TV= press a button, e.g. on a remote
control, to start it working (also switch on)
2 _ _ _ _ the TV = press a button to stop it working
(also switch off)
3 _ _ _ _ the TV= make the volume louder
4 _ _ _ _ the TV= make the volume quieter
5 the programme _ __ _ now = it is being shown
on TV at this moment
6 _ _ __ to another channel = press a button to
watch a different channel (also change channel)
b (DS.3 Listen and check.
ACTIVATION Answer the questions with a partner.
Do you ever...?
• choose to stay at home in the evening because
there's a good programme on
• turn over to another channel in the middle of a
programme
• turn the volume off wh ile you're watching a
programme
• turn off a programme as soon as it starts
Op.76
b (DS.2 Listen and check.
The country
VOCABULARY BANK
4) SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.34
1 NATURE
a
2 ONAFARM
Match the words and photos.
branch /bra:ntj/
bush /buJ/
cliff /khf/
fence /fens/
field /fi:ld/
gate /ge1t/
leaf /Ii:f/ (plural /eaves /
mud lrnAd/
path /pa:0/
rocks /mks/
sticks /st1ks/
stones /st;:ionz/
grass /gro:s/
hedge /hed3/
h ill /hr!/
lake /le,k/
stream /stri:m/
valley /'vreli/
well /well
wood /wud/
., )
a
Match the words and photos.
barn /bu:n/
cockerel /'kubr;>I/
cow /kao/
donkey /'tl nriki/
farmhouse /'fo:mhaus/
b
CDS.13 Listen and check.
c
Complete the text with a verb or past participle
from the list.
grow
b
harvested
pick
p lanted
In the UK, especially in the east of England, a lot of
farmers 1_ __ _ cereals (for example, wheat),
vegetables, and fruit. Most crops are 2_ _ __ in
the early spring and are 3_ _ __ in the summer,
for example, wheat in August, and most potatoes
from June onwards. Soft fruits like strawberries are
usually ripe in June and July, and many farms invite
people to come and 4_ _ _ _ their own fruit.
CDS.12 Listen and check.
ACTIVATION Cover the words and look at the pictures.
Say the words.
J) the country and the countryside
We normally use the country to ta lk about any area
that is not a town or city, e.g. I five in the country. We
use the countryside when we are talking about the
scenery in the country, e.g. fields, woods, etc., usually
in a positive way, e.g. We stayed in a little village
surrounded by beautiful countryside.
hens /henz/
lambs /lremz/
sheep /fi:p/
tractor /'trrekt::i/
d
CDS.14 Listen and check. What do you think the
bold words mean?
ACTIVATION Cover the words in a and look at the
pictures. Say the words.
O p.81
4) Go online to review the vocabulary for each lesson
VOCABULARY BANK
At a restaurant
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.35
1 THINGS ON THE TABLE
a
Match the words and photos.
2
bowl /baol/
candle /'krendl/
corkscrew /'b:kskru:/
cup /kAp/
fork /f::,:k/
r
,
glass /glo:s/
jug /dy,g/
knife /narf/
mug lmAgl
~kin /'nxpkm/ (also serviette /,s3:vi'et/)
o il and y_[negar /1:,rl ;,,n 'vrn,ga/
plate /ple1t/
salt and ggpper /,s:,:lt ~m 'pep~
saucer /'s'J:sg/
serving dish /'s3:vnJ d1J/
spoon /spu:n/
tablecloth /'terblkloO/
teapot /'ti:pot/
teaspoon /'ti:spu:n/
tray /tre1/
wine glass /'wam gla:s/
6
... .
4
I
......... J.
'·
1'--"'
s _ .,
11
9
10
8
P food, plate, dish, meal, and course
food = things that you eat
plate = a round flat object that you put
food on when you eat it
dish = 1 a flat container for serving food;
2 food prepared in a particular way, e.g.
b G6.1 Listen and check.
the dish of the day, a vegetarian dish
ACTIVATION What would you expect
meal = an occasion when people eat
food, e.g. breakfast, lunch, dinner
to find on a restaurant table in your
country? What do you put on the table
when you lay it for lunch or dinner?
2 THINGS PEOPLE DO IN
RESTAURANTS
a
Match the verb phrases and photos.
waiters
lay the table
(opp. clear the
table)
take an order
recommend a
dish
carry a tray
serve customers
pour the wine
customers
book a table
order food
try the wine
send something
back
ask for the bill
leave a tip
b G6.2 Listen and check.
ACTIVATION Cover the words and look at the
photos. Say the phrases.
Op.94
course = one part of a meal, e.g. the
main course, a four-course meal
VOCABULARY BANK
DIY and repairs
0 SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.36
1 IN A SHED: TOOLS AND OTHER THINGS FOR REPAIRS
a
Match the words and photos.
brick /bnk/
bucket /1h\k1t/
drill /dnl/
hammer /'hi.cm;)/
@dder /'lcedd/
nail /nc1I/
padlock l'predlokt
paintbrush /'pemtbrA,f/
piece of wood /,pi:s ov 'wud/
rope /rdop/
screwdriver /'skru:dra1v;)/
screw /skru:/
~nner /'spi.cn;:i/
tap /trep/
tile /tail/
13
wire /wa1;)/
7-
b ~6.16 Listen and check.
2 IN A DRAWER: USEFUL THINGS AROUND THE HOUSE
a
Match the words and photos.
box of matches
/boks ;)V 'mret.frz/
drawing pin /'dr::>al) pm/
fuse /(ju:zJ
glue /glu:/
handle /'hrendl/
ligb! bulb /'la1t bAlb/
needle and thread
1,ni:dl ;m '0red/
penknife /'pennaif/
Sellotape /'sel;:iterp/
1 string /strrl)/
tape measure /'terp ,me3;:i/
torch /t::>:tf/
b ~6.17 Listen and check.
3 VERB PHRASES
a
Match verbs 1-9 to phrases a-i.
1 c change
2
drill
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
mend
put together (assemble)
(opp. take apart)
put up
set up
sew
stick
tie
b ~6.1 8 Listen and check.
10
a something together with glue or
Sellotape
b a button on a shirt
€---a-l½tht bulb or a wheel
d two things together, e.g. your
shoelaces or two pieces of string
e a new wi-fi network or a home
cinema system
f shelves or curtains
g a hole in a wall or in a piece of
wood
h something that's broken
flat-pack furn iture
f) Synonyms
Synonyms are words with a very similar
meaning, e.g. you can repair, mend, or fix
something which is broken.
Op.100
0 Go online to review the vocabulary for each lesson
Phrasal verbs
p Phrasal verbs revision
VOCABULARY BANK
a
p The meaning of the particle
The verb and particle are never separated:
With some phrasal verbs, the meaning of the particle
(the preposition or adverb after the verb) can help you to
understand the phrasal verb, e.g. away often means to a
different place, out of sight, and back often means to return
an action, e.g. go back.
be on TV, grow up on a farm, move back to
the city, settle down to start a family, turn
over to another channel
a
ask for the bill, be out of a new product,
look for a cash machine, look round a shop,
sell out of a size, zoom in on sth you want to
photograph
1
2
3
4
5
6
If I lend you the money, can you pay me
back next week?
I need to take out some money. Where's the
nearest cash machine?
I won't be able to pay off my student loan
until I'm 45.
He's so generous. When he won the lottery,
he gave nearly all the money away.
Nowadays it's difficult for couples to live o n
only one salary.
I had to live off my parents while I was at
university.
a depend financially on
b finish paying for something
c give as a present
d have enough money for what you need
e return money you have borrowed
f remove something from somewhere
b
CD7.3 Listen and check.
get
give
put
run
take
back
5 I'm sorry, but I'm confiscating your phone. You'll _ __ _
it back at the end of the day.
6 He's out, I'm afraid. Could you _ _ __ back in about
half an hour?
7 A Where are you going?
B Just to the shops. I'll _ _ __ back in ten minutes.
8 That's my book!
it back.
The verb and particle(s) are never separated:
Match phrasal verbs 1-6 to definitions a-f.
call
away
1 Don't _ _ __ away! I won't hurt you.
2 The boss will _ _ _ _ away until the end of next week.
He's at a conference in Mexico.
3 Please _ _ _ _ your toys away. They're all over the floor.
4 If you take a paracetamol, it'll _ __ _ the pain away!
Type 3 - phrasal verbs with an object inseparable
a
Complete the sentences with a verb from the list.
be (x2)
back up a file, close down a shop, put
together a piece of furniture, put up shelves,
send back something you bought online, set
up a wi-fi network, switch off a computer,
take out the rubbish, throw away leftover
food, try on clothes, turn up I down I on I
off the Tv, keep away insects
1 PHRASAL VERBS TO DO WITH
MONEY
Pocket Book p.37-38
2 PHRASAL VERBS WITH AWAY AND SACK
Type 1 - phrasal verbs with no object
Type 2 - phrasal verbs with an object separable
The verb and particle can be separated:
SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
b
CD7.4 Listen and check.
3 MORE PHRASAL VERBS WITH TAKE
a
Complete the gaps with a particle from the list.
after
apart
on
off (x2)
out
over
up
Sorry, I can't come tonight. I'm taking my girlfriend
_ __ _ for dinner.
2 They're t aking _ _ _ _ ten new interns at Radio London.
Why don't we apply?
3 I take _ _ _ _ my mother. We're both very outgoing.
4 The plane took _ _ __ twenty minutes late.
5 Unfortunately, my company was taken _ _ _ _ by a
multinational firm, and I lost my job.
6 Take _ __ _ your shoes, please. I've just cleaned the
floor.
7 You need to take the keyboard _ _ _ _ to clean it
properly.
8 I need to do more exercise. I think I'll take _ _ __
cycling.
b
CD7.5 Listen and check.
p.112
VOCABULARY BANK
Looking after yourself
1 AT THE HAIRDRESSER'S OR
BARBER'S
a
SPEAKERS OF SPANISH
Pocket Book p.39
2 KEEPING FIT
a
Match the words and photos for equipment and exercises.
,--
Match the words and photos.
2
a
2
3
,--3
Equipment
(use) an g_xercise bike
(use) a running machine
(do/ lift) weights
(use) a rowing machine
(use) a cross-trainer
(use) a yg_ga mat
Exercises
do sit-ups
do press-ups
do stretches
do aerobics
do wnning
do Pilg_tes (or yoga)
b (1)8.6 Listen and check.
bunches / 1bAnt.f12/
a buzz cut lbAZ kAt/
a fringe /frmd3/
a 12filting /'po:tnJ/
a !2Qnytail / 1pdlmite1I/
plaits /pl~ts/
have your hair.. .
bleached /bli:tfd/
curled /b:ld/
dyed /da1d/
put up /put t.p/
straightened /'stre1tnd/
have ...
a blow-dry /'bldu dral/
a perm /p3:m/
a shave (fe1v/
a treatment /'tri:tm;;,nt/
a trim /trrm/ (or have your hair trimmed)
highlights /'ha1la1ts/ (or lowlight s)
b (1)8.3 Listen and check.
ACTIVATION
What equipment or exercises are good if you ...?
• want to lose weight
• want to tone your muscles
• want to do cardio exercises
• have a bad back
• want to improve your
flexibility
3 BEAUTY TREATMENTS
a
Match the words and
photos.
manicure /'manrkjUG/
~dicure /'ped1kjud/
facia I /'ferfl/
massage /'masa:31
waxing /'waksnJ/
fake tan ife1k tan/
b
(1)8.7 Listen and check.
ACTIVATION Which of these
treatments would you enjoy?
How often do you go to the
hairdresser's or barber's? What do you
usually have done?
p 128
ACTIVATION
a
Go online to review the vocabulary for each lesson
Appendix
DEPENDENT PREPOSITIONS
prepositions after adjectives
prepositions after verbs
I agree with my boss about the problem.
He apologized for being late.
She applied for the job.
We always argue about money.
I used to argue with my sister a lot.
We arrived at the airport at 6.00 a.m.
We arrived in Paris in the evening.
I don't believe in ghosts.
That bag belongs to me.
I can't choose between these two shirts.
Our weekend plans depend on the
weather.
I dreamt about my grandfather last night.
They all laughed at me when I fell over.
I'm looking forward to my holiday.
I'll pay for your coffee.
We all posed for a photograph.
I prefer taking the train to flying.
You can always rely on your parents.
He reminds me of an old school friend.
She shared her sweets with my son.
They smiled at me.
I love spending money on clothes.
They succeeded in climbing the mountain.
I talked to the hotel manager about my
room.
Are you waiting for someone?
Don't worry about it, it's not a problem.
She's angry about her salary.
She's angry with her boss.
He's very close to his father.
The film is different from the book.
I'm really disappointed with these photos.
She's excited about her new job.
Oxford is famous for its university.
I'm fed up with waiting. Let's go!
He's very fond of his teacher.
I'm frightened I afraid / scared of snakes.
He's good I bad at remembering names.
Vegetables are good for you.
She's interested in French literature.
I'm not very keen on fast food.
They were very kind to me.
He's married to my best friend .
I'm very pleased with my progress.
I'm proud of my children.
I'm ready for a holiday.
He's responsible for the sales team.
Don't be rude to him.
We're sorry about what happened.
They're tired of working every day.
She's worried about her car.
VERB PATTERNS
verb+ infinitive with to
verb + gerund (-ing)
afford (to buy a flat)
agree (to help someone)
arrange (to meet)
be able (to swim)
choose (to do something)
decide (to buy a new computer)
expect (to fail an exam)
forget (to lock the door)
help (to cook dinner)
hope (to go to university)
learn (to swim)
manage (to escape)
need (to leave early)
offer (to do the washing-up)
p lan (to start a family)
pretend (to be someone else)
promise (to pay someone back)
refuse (to cooperate)
remember (to buy a present)
seem (to be broken)
try (to repair the car)
want (to go on holiday)
would like (to travel abroad)
admit (stealing the money)
avoid (driving in the city centre)
can't stand (queueing)
deny (being involved)
dislike (go ing shopping)
enj oy (playing tennis)
feel like (going home early)
finish (having breakfast)
hate (being /ate)
imagine (living without the internet)
keep (forgetting his name)
like (cooking for friends)
love (reading)
mind (working in the evenings)
miss (living in Spain)
practise (playing a difficult piece)
prefer (running to swimming)
recommend (opening a bank account)
spend (a long time practising)
stop (raining)
suggest (seeing a doctor)
I verb + object + infinitive with to
advise (me to pay cash)
allow (us to leave early)
ask (her to help)
invite (us to go away for the weekend)
need (you to fill in a form)
order (him to sit down)
persuade (me to come to the party)
teach (me to play the piano)
tell (them to be quiet)
want (you to explain)
verb + object + infinitive
without to
let (me stay up /ate)
make (me tidy my room)
Irregular verbs
Infinitive
Past simple
Past participle
Infinitive
Past simple
Past participle
be /bi/
was /woz/
been /bi:n/
lend /lend/
lent /lent/
lent
beat /bi:t/
beat
beaten /'bi:tn/
let /let/
let
let
become /br'kAmf
became /b1'kc1m/
become
lie /la1/
lay Iler/
lain /!em/
begin /b1'gm/
began /b1'gren/
begun /b1'gAnf
lose /l u:z/
lost /lost/
lost
bite /bart/
bit /bit/
bitten /'b1tn/
make /me1k/
made /mere!/
made
break /bre1k/
broke /brnuk/
broken /'br;iubn/
mean /mi:n/
meant /men\/
meant
bring /bnlJ/
brought /br::,:t/
brought
meet /mi:t/
met /met/
met
build /bild/
built /hilt/
built
pay /per/
paid /pe1d/
paid
buy /bar/
bought /b::i:t/
bought
put /put/
put
put
can /ka:n/
could /kud/
-
read /ri :d/
read /red/
read /red/
catch /ka:tj/
caught /b:t/
caught
ride /raid/
rode /r::iud/
ridden /'ndn/
choose /tJu:z/
chose /t.f;:iuz/
chosen /'tJ';iuzn/
ring /nrJ/
rang /ra:o/
rung !rArJI
come fkAm/
came /keim/
come
run lrAnl
ran /ri!!n/
run
cost /kost/
cost
cost
say /sci/
said /scd/
said
cut lkAtl
cut
cut
see /si:/
saw /s-::,:/
seen /si:n/
do /du:/
did /did/
done /d1,.n/
sell /sell
sold /s;:iuld/
sold
draw /dr::i:/
drew /dru:/
drawn /dr::,:n/
send /send/
sent /sent/
sent
drink /drnJk/
drank /dneok/
drunk /drAl)k/
set /set/
set
set
drive /drmv/
drove /drouv/
driven /'dnvn/
sew /s;iu/
sewed /soud/
sewn /s-;:iun/
eat /i:t/
ate /ett/
eaten /'i:tn/
shine /Jam/
shone /Jon/
shone
fall /b:1/
fell /fell
fallen /'fo:l;m/
shut /J1,.t/
shut
shut
feel /fi:1/
felt /felt/
felt
sing /s10/
sang /sre!]/
sung ISAfJ/
find /farnd/
found /faund/
found
sit /sit/
sat /sret/
sat
fly /flail
flew /flu:/
flown /fl;:iun/
sleep /sli:p/
slept /slept/
slept
forget /fa'get/
forgot /fo'got /
forgotten /fa'gotn/
speak /spi:k/
spoke /sp;:iuk/
spoken /'spauk;in/
get /get/
got /got/
got
spend /spend/
spent /spent/
spent
give /grv/
gave /gerv/
given /'g1vn/
stand /strend/
stood /stud/
stood
go !g:ml
went /went/
gone /gon/
steal /sti:1/
stole /st;:iul/
stolen /'st;iul;in/
grow /gr::iu/
grew /gru:/
grown /gr::iun/
stick /strk/
stuck /st1,.k/
stuck
hang /hreo/
hung /hAfJ/
hung
swim /swim/
swam /swa:m/
swum /swAm/
have /ha:v/
had /hred/
had
take /terk/
took ltuk/
taken /'terbn/
hear /h1::i/
heard /h3:d/
heard
teach /t i:t.f/
taught /t::,:t/
taught
hide /hatd/
hid /lud/
hidden /'h1dn/
tell /tel/
told /t;;uld/
told
hit /hrt/
hit
hit
think /811Jk/
thought /(b:t/
thought
hurt /h3:t/
hurt
hurt
throw /0r;;iu/
threw /0ru:/
thrown /0rnun/
keep /ki:p/
kept /kept/
kept
knew /nju:/
known /n;:iun/
understood
/1,.nd;;i'stud/
understood
know /nau/
understand
IAnd;;i'strencl/
lay Iler/
laid /lc1d/
laid
wake /we1k/
woke /w;iuk/
woken /'wouk;:in/
learn /b:n/
learnt /b:nt/
learned /b:nd/
learnt
learned
wea r /we;;i/
wore /w-:>:/
worn /w::,:n/
wi n /wm/
won /wAn/
won
left /left/
left
w rite /ra1t/
wrote /r;:iut/
written /'ntn/
leave /li:v/
SOUND BANK
Vowel sounds
II]
9.1
usual spelling
! but also
usual spelling
1 but also
i
ri sky bi n
lid t in
sitcom since
pretty wo men
busy d e cide d
village physics
u
brush dustman
mug mud
bu cket jug
mo ney fro nt
someo ne
enou gh
tou ch couple
ee
ea
e
sheep screen
stream leaf
re cycle thesis
p eople machine
key field receipt
a*
ai
ay
g ate b aker's
nai l waiter
replay tray
a
pack campus
active cash
packet stand
plaits
break great
weight
straighten
they grey
o*
carton charger
starter jar
craft drama
grass
au nt laugh
heart
remote sto ne
t one ro pe
boat soap
grow show
bowl
although
sew
b o ssy ro ck
t o p bo ttom
o ff o n
watch want
wash
sau sage becau se
fish
I
tree
~
cat
r~
ar
car
a
0
I 1f. I clock
~ 1\ horse
~
-S:J
(o}ortorch
corkscrew
al
stall fa ll
aw awful saw
u
bull
00
00
boot
u*
ew
bush b utcher's
wood cookery
look g oo d
coul d shoul d
woul d wo man
spoon zoom
glue true
screw crew
suitcase cruise
shoe move
sou p
through queue
:::::.J
~
[l]
bird
egg
~
[i
Iii
er
ir
ur
serve prefer
d irty circle
t urn blurred
research work
world worse
journey
e
p et hen
le ns sell
fence selfish
friendly already
hea lthy jealous
many
sai d
train
phone
oa
i*
b;k,
t ie wire
dry
recycle
y
igh light bright
OU
~
owl
ow
oi
[ i l boy
~
Many different spellings. /:,/ is always
unstressed.
computer speaker
~cious around co ntain
p rofessor
-
~
war quarter
pour
fought saucer
caught
au dience b oard
[ I ] up
ea,
[ [ ] cha;,
oy
buy eye s
height
round out
found foreground
towel crowd
noi sy avoi d
oil join
enjoy employ
eer cheerful volunteer
ere here we're
ear clear hear
really idea
period
theatre
series
air
their there
wear area
airport repair
fa ir hairdresser
are careful square
A very unusual sound.
~ tou,;,t euro
tou r sure manicure luxurious
Iii
A sound between hi and /i:/. Consonant +
y at the end of words is pronounced /i/.
happy angry thirsty
lul
Not a very common sound.
education usually situation
* especially before consonant+ e
D short vowels
[
long vowels
D d iphthongs
Consonant sounds
usual spelling
p
l : l ] pwot
pp
b
[ [ ] bag
bb
Ir]
II]
C
k
ck
key
g
gk l
99
f
51
s
swimsuit likes
ss
bossy dissertation
ce/ci fen ce cinema
science
scene
cycle
dd
z
s
quiz razor
ea sy newsagent's
loves reuse
sh
[j]
I JQJil I
shower
shop toothbru sh
chi ldish ca sh
ti (+ vowel) ambitious
stationer's
ci (+ vowel) delicious
facial
th e that
wit h weather
sunbathe togeth er
,hes,
ch ch at ch icken
tch stretch match
t (+ure) lect ure fut ure
j eweller's pyj amas
dang erous
packag e
dge hedge bridge
sugar sure
machine
ch ef
jaz,
I
[ I ] leg
II
I~,
r
dght
~
14k
Gidj
rr
w
witch
wh
lay lucky
until reliable
skill rebe llious
result referee
p rofitable story
cu rrent ca rry
written
w rong
w ar waste
webinar sw itch
wh istle which
one o nce
DIY
y
yet yellow
yoga yourself
before u
university argue
I yacht
~
Not a very common sound.
television revision decision massag e usually
D voiced
~
~
planted
bored
dog
th
mothe,
g
d rill hand le
comedy haird ryer
addictive middle
d
th row reth ink
thread path
tablecloth
maths tooth paste
' but also
j
asked
passed
tt
,eb,a
greengrocer's
guidebook
forg etful vineg ar
aggressive luggage
t ut or t eapot
st ick st art
batteries bottle
vase
( f ] s nake
chemist's
sch olarship
qualifications
account
th
thumb
[jJ
of
V
t
[j]
b ulb b in b ag
prob ab ly tub
ru bbish robbed
comb score
keep trekk ing
brick padlock
usual spelling
~
valley vacancy
travel envious
CV shave
ff
tie
p late p acket
adaptor trip
o pposite apply
enough
laugh
[ ! ) 11owe,
~
1 but also
fl orist's safa ri
pharmacy
photography
cliff affairs
ph
[I]
SOUND BANK
m
monkey
nose
memory stream
mountain m oody
mm hammer swimming
lamb cl imb
n
kn ife kn ow
nn
~ singe,
unpacking flyi ng
string bring
before k
tha nks p in k
ng
h
( I J house
needle pond
intern barn
spinning thinner
hill hiking
behind farm house
unhappy perh aps
wh o
whose
wh o le
D unvoiced
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