SUMMATIVE TEST IN SCIENCE
Grade: 10 Quarter: 1
Name:_____________________________
Score:_____________
Part I – Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the best answer. Write the letter of your choice.
1. What is the innermost layer of the Earth?
A. Crust
B. Mantle
C. Inner Core
D. Outer Core
2. Which layer of the Earth is responsible for generating Earth's magnetic field?
A. Crust
B. Mantle
C. Inner Core
D. Outer Core
3. Which type of seismic wave travels fastest?
A. Surface waves
B. S-waves
C. P-waves
D. L-waves
4. Where do most earthquakes and volcanoes occur?
A. In the middle of continents
B. At the Earth's poles
C. Along plate boundaries
D. In deserts
5. What is the correct order of Earth's layers from the surface to the center?
A. Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
B. Mantle, Crust, Inner Core, Outer Core
C. Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Crust
D. Crust, Outer Core, Mantle, Inner Core
6. Which seismic wave cannot travel through liquids?
A. P-wave
B. S-wave
C. Surface wave
D. L-wave
7. What is the boundary where two tectonic plates meet called?
A. Fault line
B. Plate margin
C. Plate boundary
D. Continental drift
8. How do seismic waves help scientists understand the Earth’s interior?
A. By creating earthquakes
B. By heating the mantle
C. By studying how the waves travel through different layers
D. By detecting volcanoes
9. Which evidence supports the theory of plate tectonics?
A. Magnetic reversal in rocks
B. Ancient maps
C. Volcanic ash
D. Solar radiation
10. What causes an earthquake?
A. Movement of tides
B. Rotation of the Earth
C. Sudden movement of rocks along faults
D. Changes in atmospheric pressure
Part II – True or False
Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is correct. Otherwise, write FALSE.
1. The crust is the thinnest layer of the Earth.
2. S-waves can pass through both solids and liquids.
3. The mantle is composed mostly of solid rock.
4. The inner core is solid due to extreme pressure.
5. Most earthquakes occur away from plate boundaries.
6. Seismic waves slow down when they pass through denser materials.
7. The movement of Earth's plates is caused by convection currents in the mantle.
8. Volcanoes are only found in the middle of tectonic plates.
9. P-waves are the first to be recorded in a seismograph during an earthquake.
10. Earthquakes release energy in the form of seismic waves.
Part III – Identification
Directions: Identify what is being described.
1. The layer of the Earth that is broken into tectonic plates.
2. The wave that travels the fastest during an earthquake.
3. The boundary where two tectonic plates collide.
4. The instrument used to detect and record earthquake waves.
5. Solid metallic layer at the center of the Earth.
6. Hot, semi-fluid layer found beneath the crust.
7. Wave that moves through solids but not through liquids.
8. Theory that explains the movement of Earth's plates.
9. Energy released by the Earth during an earthquake.
10. Crack or fracture where two blocks of rock move past each other.
Part IV – Short/Essay Question
Directions: Answer the question in 3–5 sentences.
1. How does understanding the Earth's internal structure help us prepare for natural disasters
like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions? Provide an explanation based on scientific knowledge.
Key to Correction
1. C
2. D
3. C
4. C
5. A
6. B
7. C
8. C
9. A
10. C
11. TRUE
12. FALSE
13. TRUE
14. TRUE
15. FALSE
16. FALSE
17. TRUE
18. FALSE
19. TRUE
20. TRUE
21. Crust
22. P-wave
23. Convergent boundary
24. Seismograph
25. Inner Core
26. Mantle
27. S-wave
28. Plate Tectonics
29. Seismic Energy
30. Fault
31. Sample Answer: Understanding Earth's internal structure helps us know where and how
earthquakes and volcanic eruptions may occur. Knowing that these events often happen along
plate boundaries allows us to monitor high-risk areas. Seismic wave studies also help scientists
detect potential hazards. With this knowledge, we can plan, educate communities, and build
safer structures to reduce damage and save lives.