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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) Choose the following statement that is NOT completely correct regarding serous membranes.
A) Serous membranes secrete a watery lubricating fluid.
B) Serousmembranes are divided into parietal andvisceral membranes with a virtual space
between the two.
C) Serosa are very thin, double-layered structures.
D) Visceral pericardiumcoversthe outer surface of the heart, andparietal pericardium lines the
internal walls of the heart.
1)
2) The dorsal body cavityis the site of which of thefollowing?
A) brain
B) lungs
C) intestines
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D) liver
3) Select the most correct statement.
A) Organ systems operate independently of each other to maintain life.
B) The immune system is closely associated with the lymphatic system.
C) Organ systems can becomposed of cells or tissues, but not both.
D) The endocrine system is not a true structural organ system.
3)
4) Which of the following organs or structures would be found in the left iliac region?
A) liver
B) intestines
C) stomach
D) appendix
4)
5) Prevention of water loss is a necessary function for life that would best fit in the category of
.
A) metabolism
B)responsiveness
C) excretion
D) maintaining boundaries
5)
6) Astructure that iscomposed of two or more tissue typesthat work together toperform specific
functionsfor the body is a(n)
.
A) organ
B) complex tissue
C) complex cell
D) organ system
6)
7) Which of the following imaging devices would best localize a tumor in a person's brain?
A) DSA
B) MRI
C) PET
D) X-ray
7)
8) The coxal joint is most likely found in the _
A) groin
B) hip
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_ region of the body.
C) hand
9) Which one of the following systems responds fastest to environmental stimuli?
A) nervous
B) immune
C) lymphatic
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D) foot
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D) muscular
10) Positive feedback differs from negative feedback because
.
10)
A) positive feedback providesmoment-to-moment wellbeing while negative feedback causes a
cascade effect
B) positive feedback tends to enhance the triggering stimulus while negative feedback tendsto
return the body toahomeostatic balance or "ideal" level
C) positive feedback is generally beneficial while negative feedback is typically harmful
D) positive feedback iscritical to health while negative feedback servesonly to alert usto
potential health threats
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11) Which of these isNOT part of the dorsal cavity?
A) vertebral cavity
B) thoracic cavity
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C) spinal cord
D) cranial cavity
12) Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains
.
A) a static state with no deviation from preset points
B) the lowest possible energy usage
C) a relatively stable internal environment, within limits
D) a dynamic state within an unlimited range, depending on circumstances
12)
13) Expiration (breathing out) is how the body removes excessive carbon dioxide from the blood. This
is an example of
.
A) responsiveness
B) maintaining boundaries
C) metabolism
D) excretion of metabolic waste
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14) One of the functional characteristics of life is excitability or responsiveness. This refers to
A) the necessity for all organisms toreproduce
B) the nervous system causing all living things to sometimes experience anger
C) indigestible food residues stimulating the excretory system
D) sensing changes in the environment and then reacting or responding to them
15) The term pollex refers to the _
.
A) great toe
B) fingers
.
14)
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C) thumb
D) calf
16) Some of the nerve endings in the skin are sensitive to changes in temperature. They are part of a
negative feedback mechanism regulating body temperature. These nerve endings represent a(n)
in the negative feedback mechanism.
A) homeostatic balance or "ideal" value
B) control center
C) receptor
D) effector
16)
17) The thoracic cavity contains the
A) heart and lungs; anterior
C) digestive viscera; inferior
17)
_. Itis found
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to the vertebral cavity.
B) kidneys and spleen; deep
D) stomach and liver; superficial
18) Which of the following are survival needs of the body?
A) water, atmospheric pressure, growth, and movement
B) nutrients, water, movement, and reproduction
C) nutrients, water, atmospheric pressure, and oxygen
D) nutrients, water, growth, and reproduction
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18)
19) When a baby suckles at its mother'sbreast the stimulus at the breast issent tothe mother's brain (a region
called the hypothalamus). The brain responds by releasing hormones to stimulate
the production andthe ejection of milk from the breast. This helps the newborn toreceive nourishment
andencourages more suckling. This example isbest described as a
.
A) positive feedback
B) loss of homeostasis
C) negative feedback
D) necessary life function
19)
20) Which of the following statements is the most correct regarding homeostatic imbalance?
A) The internal environment is becoming more stable.
B) Negative feedback mechanisms are functioning normally.
C) Positive feedback mechanisms are overwhelmed.
D) It i sconsidered the cause of most diseases.
20)
21) One of the descriptions below is from the perspective of physiological study, the rest are from an
anatomical perspective. Select the description below that comes from physiological perspective.
A) The pancreaslies deep to the stomach within the abdominal cavity.
B) The skull isformed by 22 facial and cranial bones.
C) The chambers of the heart andblood vessels leading toandfromthe heart are separated by
valves composed of fibrous connective tissue.
D) The contraction of smooth muscle in bloodvessels(vasoconstriction) can reduce the flow of
bloodthrough the vessel.
21)
22) In which body cavities are the lungs located?
A) pleural, ventral, and thoracic
C) pericardial, ventral, and thoracic
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B) mediastinal, thoracic, and ventral
D) pleural, dorsal, and abdominal
23) What is a vertical section through the body, dividing it intoleft and right, called?
A) transverse
B) frontal
C) sagittal
D) regional
23)
24) You are told to take an axillary temperature on a small child. You will place the thermometer
.
A) in the rectum
B) on theforehead
C) under the tongue
D) in the armpit
24)
25) You are asked to draw blood fromthe median cubital vein. You will search for this vein in the
.
A) lateral side of thefoot
B) hand
C) proximal arm
D) anterior side of the elbow
25)
26) The body cavities that protect the nervous system are located in the
A) cranial
B) vertebral
C) dorsal
D) ventral
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cavity.
E) thoracic
27) The anatomical position is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT _
.
27)
A) thumbs pointed laterally
B) body erect
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C) palms turned posteriorly
D) arms at sides
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29) Place the following in correct sequence from simplest to most complex:
1. molecules
2. atoms
3. tissues
4. cells
5. organs
A) 1-2-4-3-5
B) 2-1-3-4-5
28)
C) 1-2-3-4-5
D) 2-1-4-3-5
30) Anabolic reactions are chemical reactions of the body that buildthings, make thembigger or more
complex. Catabolic reactionsbreak things down making themsmaller or lesscomplex. If the rate of
anabolic reaction in the body is much faster than the rate of catabolic reactions, which of
the following necessary life function will be accomplished?
A) movement
B) digestion
C) responsiveness
D) growth
29)
31) You are askedto take a person's heart rate at the popliteal pulse point. You will look for this pulse
30)
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A) in the distal end of the lower leg
C) on theposterior side of the knee
B) atthe posterior side of the wrist
D) on the palmar side of the hand
31) Which of the following describesthe operation of the heart and blood vessels?
A) cardiovascular anatomy
B) cardiovascular physiology
C) systemic physiology
D) systemic anatomy
31)
32) Generally, what is the result of the negative feedback process?
A) tomaintain homeostasis
B) to regulate excretion via the kidneys
C) tocontrol body movement
D) tokeep the body's blood sugar level high
32)
33) The study of anatomy and physiology assumes and describes a healthy body. Select the description
below that does NOT explain why this approach is useful.
A) A healthy body provides a common standard to compare to.
B) Study of a healthy body provides a foundation for a more complete understanding of all
human bodies.
C) Study of a healthy body isless intimidating and more familiar to new students.
D) A healthy body establishes what "normal" is.
33)
34) Anatomical position is important because
_.
A) it allowsdiagrams within textbooks to display a greater surface area of the body with one
simple diagram
B) it allowsa common point of reference for body position to help communicate anatomical
relationships
C) it isthe position most comfortable to hospital patients
D) it provides the greatest circulation to the extremities
34)
35) Which of the following describes a parasagittal plane?
A) any sagittal plane except in the midline
B) any cut dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions
C) twocuts dividing the body intoleft and right halves
D) a transverse cut just above the knees
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36) The study of large body structures, visible tothe naked eye, such asthe heart iscalled
anatomy.
A) gross
B) systemic
C) developmental
D) microscopic
36)
37) The parietal pleura would represent a serous membrane
.
A) covering the heart
B) lining the abdominal cavity
C) lining the thoracic cavity
D) covering individual lungs
37)
38) What is a vertical section through the body, dividing it into anterior and posterior regions called?
A) median
B) frontal
C) sagittal
D) transverse
38)
39) In which quadrant of the abdominopelvic cavity is the stomach located?
A) left upper quadrant
B) left lower quadrant
C) right upper quadrant
D) right lower quadrant
39)
40) It is wise to study anatomy alongside with physiology because
.
A) anatomy and physiology are practically the same thing
B) physiology is only explainable in terms of the underlying anatomy
C) it makes f or more efficient use of students' and teachers' time
D) to understand anatomy requires complete understanding of physiology
40)
41) Histology would be best defined as a study of
A) tissues
C) cell chemistry
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B) cells
D) the gross structures of the body
42) One of the descriptions below is from the perspective of anatomical study, the rest
are from a 42)
physiological perspective. Select the description below that comes from an anatomical perspective.
A) The extremely thin tissue (simple squamous epithelium) of the lungs allowsfor the quick
diffusion of respiratory gases into andout of the body.
B) The innermost lining of the lungs iscomposedprimarily of athin tissue calledsimple
squamous epithelium.
C) The direction of blood flow through the heart is directedby one way valves.
D) The cell-to-cell connections between heart (cardiac) muscle cells are strong. They holdthe
tissue together for a life time of forceful contractions.
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43) Which of the following is the best explanation for why cells are consideredthe smallest units of
living things.
A) Cellsare highly ordered and complex.
B) Cells cannot be seen with the naked eye and are considered microscopic.
C) Cells have the ability to reproduce identical copies of themselves in a process called mitosis.
D) Cells are the simplest structure to fit all of the characteristics necessary to be considered alive.
43)
44) Choose the anatomical topic and definition that is NOT correctly matched.
A) Embryology: study of the changes in an individual from conception to birth.
B) Gross anatomy: study of structures visible to the eye.
C) Microscopic anatomy: study of structures too small to be seen by the naked eye.
D) Cytology: study of the structures in a particular region.
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