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Table of Contents
The Last Dance: Encountering Death and Dying, 11e

CHAPTER 1: Attitudes Toward Death: A Climate of Change

CHAPTER 2: Learning About Death: Socialization
CHAPTER 3: Perspectives on Death: Historical and Cultural
CHAPTER 4: Death Systems: Mortality and Society
CHAPTER 5: Health Care: Patients, Staff, and Institutions
CHAPTER 6: End-of-Life Issues and Decisions
CHAPTER 7: Facing Death: Living with Life-Threatening Illness
CHAPTER 8: Last Rites: Funerals and Body Disposition
CHAPTER 9: Survivors: Understanding the Experience of Loss
CHAPTER 10: Death in the Lives of Children and Adolescents
CHAPTER 11: Death in the Lives of Adults
CHAPTER 12: Suicide
CHAPTER 13: Risks, Perils, and Traumatic Death
CHAPTER 14: Beyond Death / After Life
CHAPTER 15: The Path Ahead: Personal and Social Choices
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Answers at the end of each chapter
Chapter 01 11e
1)
Thanatos, from Greek mythology, is generally understood as a response to the
A)
B)
C)
D)
invention of life and death.
reincarnation of deities.
personification of death.
God of the afterlife.
2)
Deaths of the famous are likely to be announced on the newspaper's front page as well
asvia feature-length
A)
B)
C)
D)
3)
A feature length story on the death of someone famous is a/an
A)
B)
C)
D)
4)
death notices.
narcocorridos.
elegies.
obituaries.
mediamac.
obituary.
lossography.
journalist's life review.
Brief standardized printed statements following the death of an average citizen are called
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A)
B)
C)
D)
5)
obituaries.
death notices.
thanatographs.
death dirges.
Media experts say that the "reality violence" on TV news began with coverage of the
A)
B)
C)
D)
Kennedy assassination.
explosion of the space shuttle.
Vietnam War.
Los Angeles riots.
6)
Depictions of death in the mass media, in which the symbolic use of death contributes to
an "irrational dread of dying and thus to a diminished vitality and self-direction in life" is
referred to as
A)
B)
C)
D)
7)
mean world syndrome.
media overload.
communication depression syndrome.
secondary trauma.
In Gerbner's "mean world syndrome", the symbolic use of death contributes to
1. an irrational dread of dying.
2. diminished vitality.
3. diminished self-direction in life.
4. an increased hoarding of weapons.
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A)
B)
C)
D)
1, 2, and 4
2, 3, and 4
1, 3, and 4
1, 2, and 3
8)
According to George Gerbner, the "mean world syndrome" describes depictions of
deathin the mass media as embedded in a structure of violence that conveys
A)
B)
C)
D)
9)
security and trust in the world.
an enhanced vitality and joy in life.
numbness and dismissal of death.
a heightened sense of danger.
What do some commentators call the new "porn star" of popular culture?
A)
B)
C)
D)
The TV medical examiner
Crisis text ‘hot' lines
The corpse
Managed death
10)
Avoiding words like dead or dying, instead using phrases in which loved ones "pass
away," the deceased is "laid to rest" and the corpse is "remains", is an example of
A)
B)
C)
D)
death porn.
euphemisms.
thanatos.
keenings.
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11)
Substitutions of vague words or phrases for ones considered harsh are
A)
B)
C)
D)
12)
euphemisms.
death porn.
the indicative voice.
linguistic deliberations.
Snuffed, ate it, wasted, and croaked are examples of
A)
B)
C)
D)
death talk.
laments.
American language dirges.
monolithic variables.
13)
After someone dies, conversations about that person move from present to past tense.
This form of speech is called the
A)
B)
C)
D)
death narrative.
zone of possibility.
subjunctive voice.
indicative voice.
14)
What is the form of speech acknowledging the reality of death while distancing us from
the dead, for example, "He was fond of music"?
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A)
B)
C)
D)
15)
All of the following are musical expressions associated with death EXCEPT
A)
B)
C)
D)
16)
Elegy
Requiem
Veil tale
Keening
The Dies Irae (Day of Wrath) is a musical symbol of death found in
A)
B)
C)
D)
18)
lament.
keening.
dirge.
hautsang.
Which of the following is NOT a musical expression associated with death?
A)
B)
C)
D)
17)
Empathic voice
Emphatic voice
Subjunctive voice
Indicative voice
Liszt's Totentanz.
Rimsky-Korsakov's Capriccio Espagnol.
Copland's Appalachian Spring Suite.
Berlioz's Roman Carnival Overture.
Themes of loss and death are heard in
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A)
B)
C)
D)
classical music.
American blues music.
laments.
all of the above.
19)
In traditional Hawaiian culture, mele kanikau may have been carefully composed or
spontaneous and used
A)
B)
C)
D)
at the signing of the will.
while sprinkling ashes in the Pacific.
during the funeral procession.
at the moment of death.
20)
In literature, the meaning of death is often explored as it relates to the individual as
wellas
A)
B)
C)
D)
21)
the author.
technology.
society.
the sixth sense.
Which of the following is NOT an example of Holocaust literature?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Warsaw Diary by Chaim Kaplan
Diary of a Young Girl by Anne Frank
Walking Skeleton by Richard Shaw
Night by Elie Wiesel
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22)
Suse Lowenstein's work Dark Elegy functions as a reminder that
A)
B)
C)
D)
23)
What is the largest ongoing community arts project in America?
A)
B)
C)
D)
24)
Operation Gold Star Flag
The AIDS Memorial Quilt
The Vietnam Veteran's Memorial Wall
The Faith, Hope, Love Project
What is an example of a homemade condolence?
A)
B)
C)
D)
25)
death is a dark figure.
life is fragile and survivors have to live with the loss.
classical and Christian symbols of death can be combined.
black is the color lining a casket.
Comfort quilts
Colored headstones
Cookies sent from the funeral home
Obituaries written by friends
Which of the following is NOT a way in which humor functions relative to death?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Raises consciousness
Encourages togetherness
Discourages empathy
Defuses anxiety
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26)
What has been called the "oil of society"?
A)
B)
C)
D)
27)
Hibakusha is a Japanese word meaning
A)
B)
C)
D)
28)
a town dedicated to eastern spirits.
the oil of society.
explosion affected.
cultural lag.
According to Kastenbaum, what is defined as "the study of life with death left in"?
A)
B)
C)
D)
29)
Music
Humor
Funeral rituals
Literature
Clinical ethics
Anthropology
Thanatology
Death anxiety
Which of the following are considered dimensions of thanatology?
1. Psychological
2. Anthropological
3. Political
4. Rational
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A)
B)
C)
D)
30)
1, 2, and 4
2, 3, and 4
1, 2, and 3
1, 3, and 4
Which of the following is NOT an example of the dimension of sociological thanatology?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Response to disaster
Pain and symptom control
Disposal of the dead
Socialization of children
31)
The largest area of empirical research in thanatology is concerned with the measurement
of attitudes toward death and dying and more particularly
A)
B)
C)
D)
32)
death anxiety.
hospice care.
suicide prevention and intervention.
the afterlife.
What has been characterized as the largest area of empirical research in thanatology?
A)
B)
C)
D)
NDEs
Death anxiety
Hospice and palliative care
Religious impact
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33)
Research about death anxiety indicates that it tends to be higher among
A)
B)
C)
D)
34)
Research into death anxiety has been characterized by Kastenbaum as
A)
B)
C)
D)
35)
males than females.
older people than middle-aged adults.
blacks than whites.
religious people than those who do not characterize themselves as religious.
an express lane into the fear of death and dying.
data which is impractical and generally useless.
thanatology's own assembly line.
a unitary and monolithic set of variables.
In reviewing death anxiety research, Robert Kastenbaum says that it
A) allows individuals to enjoy the illusion that death has been studied.
B) gives individuals an adequate picture of how death is perceived by human beings.
C) is especially valuable in answering gender-related questions.
D) is especially useful in answering questions of practitioners working with patients and
bereaved people.
36)
In reviewing the status of research and practice in thanatology, Herman Feifel points out
that the
A)
B)
C)
D)
fear of death is a monolithic variable.
human mind operates on various levels of reality or finite provinces of meaning.
human mind operates in an interdependent, not autonomous, manner.
conscious fear of death is unrelated to innate fears.
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37)
In his emphasis relevant to terror management theory, Ernest Becker addressed
A)
B)
C)
D)
the need to control our basic anxiety and to deny the terror of death.
our belief that the world is generally not a terrifying place.
our inability to focus on threats, especially those that are political in nature.
terrorists' behaviors.
38)
Which of the following are included in Ernest Becker's "four strands of emphasis" in
terror management theory (TMT)?
1. The world is a terrifying place.
2. There is always an underlying good versus evil struggle, and good ultimately prevails.
3. Because the terror of death is so overwhelming, we conspire to keep it unconscious.
4. The basic motivation for human behavior is the need to control our basic anxiety, to deny the
terror of death.
A)
B)
C)
D)
39)
1, 2, and 4
2, 3, and 4
1, 2, and 3
1, 3, and 4
The first formal course in death education at an American university was held at
A) University of Miami after the Cuban missile crisis.
B) University of Minnesota in 1963.
C) Harvard University School of Medicine in 1960.
D) University of Chicago in conjunction with the Association for Death Education and
Counseling.
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40)
In 1963, the University of Minnesota
A)
B)
C)
D)
held the first formal course in death education.
was the site of an on-campus shooting covered by TV reporters for the first time.
published articles about President Kennedy's assassination in the college newspaper.
held the first-ever candlelight vigil for a slain professor.
41)
The establishment of death studies, in modern times, can be traced to explorations of
death by
A)
B)
C)
D)
Saunders.
Becker.
Freud.
Kubler-Ross.
42)
The modern scientific approach to the study of death is usually traced to a symposium
organized in 1956 by
A)
B)
C)
D)
Elisabeth Kübler-Ross.
Herman Feifel.
Jacques Choron.
Avery Weisman.
43)
Which of the following is NOT cited in the text as a journal in the field of death and
dying?
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A)
B)
C)
D)
44)
Hannelore Wass observes that the study of death and dying will
A)
B)
C)
D)
45)
Illness, Crisis, and Loss
The Carnegie Journal of Death
Mortality
Death Studies
die out as people will be less interested in such obscure subjects.
become a pop culture phenomenon focused on the "hereafter."
be in the hands of the faith community.
help individuals and societies transcend self-interest in favor of concern for others.
Which of the following factors does NOT affect our familiarity with death?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Life expectancy
Geographic mobility
Medical technology
Political decision making
46)
Approximately how much has the average life expectancy in the United States increased
since 1900?
A)
B)
C)
D)
5 years
15 years
30 years
45 years
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has the longest life expectancy of countries worldwide.
47)
A)
B)
C)
D)
48)
What are the two leading causes of death in the United States?
A)
B)
C)
D)
49)
Hong Kong
United States
Switzerland
South Africa
Suicide and Alzheimer's disease
Accidents and cancer
Alcoholism and stroke
Heart disease and cancer
Epidemiologic transition is BEST defined as the
A) shift in disease patterns characterized by a redistribution of deaths from the young to
the old.
B) contribution of Americans' highly mobile life styles to making death less immediate
and intimate.
C) change in cultural attitudes toward death as a significant determinant of how we live
our lives.
D) trend toward more rapid and sudden death from epidemics.
50)
Which of the following BEST describes the phrase "medical technology that seems to
one person a godsend, extending life, may seem to another a curse"?
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A)
B)
C)
D)
People do not know how to manipulate machinery.
People do not believe in the technology.
The effect of new technology helps define death.
The effect of new technology involves personal and social consequences and trade-
offs.
51)
Which of the following BEST describes a "cosmopolitan" society?
A) Ideas and practices are forward thinking.
B) Ideas and practices from other historical periods and cultures are valued
andexamined.
C) Culture, identity, history, and language are guarded from change due to a
strongsense of pride.
D) Cultural complexity of a globalizing world is rejected.
52)
According to Ulrich Beck, a German scholar and observer of the "cosmopolitan society,"
the human condition in the present century
A)
B)
C)
D)
is too dependent on medical technology.
cannot be understood nationally or locally but only globally.
is too concerned about diversity and cultural awareness.
must engage in practical thanatology.
53)
Even when curative treatments have ended, the effort to control circumstances around
death and dying so that it comes out "right" is termed
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A)
B)
C)
D)
plastinated care.
death anxiety.
terror management.
managed death.
54)
What term do social scientists use to describe the phenomenon of societies falling behind
in dealing with new challenges resulting from rapid technological and social change?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Cultural lag
Globalization
Social lag
Managed advancement
55)
The disruption of survivors' lives, their ensuing grief and coping is generally given little
attention in the media.
56)
57)
⊚
true
⊚
false
A euphemism is a shorthand way of referring to an exciting event.
⊚
true
⊚
false
Word choices may reflect changes in how death is experienced at different times.
⊚
true
⊚
false
16
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58)
Popular music devotes significant attention to death.
⊚
true
⊚
false
59)
Themes of mayhem, misery and murder have long been staples of music. Suicide and
deathbed scenes however are uncommon.
60)
61)
62)
63)
⊚
true
⊚
false
In American blues music, themes of loss, separation, and tribulation are rarely heard.
⊚
true
⊚
false
Themes of suicide are uncommon in music today.
⊚
true
⊚
false
Gospel and classical music do not include death themes in their compositions.
⊚
true
⊚
false
Wilson identified celebrity death as a category of death in country music.
17
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64)
⊚
true
⊚
false
Elegies and eulogies are both often inscribed as a memorial on a tomb.
⊚
true
⊚
false
65)
The Names Project AIDS Memorial Quilt is a small community arts project started in
Washington, D.C.
66)
⊚
true
⊚
false
The Vietnam Veterans Memorial Wall is an example of contemporary mourning art.
⊚
true
⊚
false
67)
The Smithsonian's National Museum of American History has declined requests to
display mementos left by visitors at the Vietnam Veteran's Memorial Wall.
⊚
true
⊚
false
68)
People who describe themselves as religious suffer more death anxiety than their nonreligious counterparts.
⊚
true
⊚
false
18
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69)
Sylvia Anthony was a pioneer in the studies of adult survivors of trauma.
⊚
true
⊚
false
70)
Luciana Fonseca and Ines Testoni were pioneers in the Italian "you and death"
movement.
⊚
true
⊚
false
71)
In the nineteenth century, most people typically purchased coffins and baked homemade
desserts to bring to the home of grieving friends.
⊚
true
⊚
false
72)
At the turn of the century, young children were usually involved in activities surroundingthe
dead, including sleeping in the same room as the corpse.
73)
74)
⊚
true
⊚
false
The rapid advancement of technology and social changes has created a "cultural lag."
⊚
true
⊚
false
A death café is an online blog started in Europe to help recently widowed men.
19
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75)
⊚
true
⊚
false
The first lossography was published in 1971 in Psychology Today.
⊚
true
⊚
false
20
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Answer Key
Test name: Chap 01_11e
1) C
2) D
3) B
4) B
5) C
6) A
7) D
8) D
9) C
10) B
11) A
12) A
13) D
14) D
15) D
16) C
17) A
18) D
19) C
20) C
21) C
22) B
23) B
24) A
25) C
26) B
21
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27) C
28) C
29) C
30) B
31) A
32) B
33) C
34) C
35) A
36) B
37) A
38) D
39) B
40) A
41) C
42) B
43) B
44) D
45) D
46) C
47) A
48) D
49) A
50) D
51) B
52) B
53) D
54) A
55) TRUE
56) FALSE
22
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57) TRUE
58) TRUE
59) FALSE
60) FALSE
61) FALSE
62) FALSE
63) TRUE
64) FALSE
65) FALSE
66) TRUE
67) FALSE
68) FALSE
69) FALSE
70) FALSE
71) FALSE
72) TRUE
73) TRUE
74) FALSE
75) FALSE
23
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Chapter 02 11e
1)
Regarding a mature concept of death, which of the following is true about universality?
A)
B)
C)
D)
2)
Organisms that die cannot be made alive again.
Death involves the cessation of all physiological functions or signs of life.
All living things must eventually die.
There are biological reasons for the occurrence of death.
A mature concept of death involves
1. universality.
2. irreversibility.
3. empiricism.
4. causality.
A)
B)
C)
D)
1, 2, and 3
2, 3, and 4
1, 2, and 4
1, 3, and 4
3)
What subcomponent of universality makes explicit the understanding not only that all
living things die but also that each living thing will die?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Personal mortality
Inevitability
Purposefulness
Organicity
4)
In discussing how people understand death, the term "noncorporeal continuity" refers to
the idea that
1
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A)
B)
C)
D)
5)
By what age do most children understand that death is a changed state?
A)
B)
C)
D)
6)
death occurs suddenly, without warning.
death involves cessation of functioning.
human beings survive in some form after the death of the physical body.
legal issues must be addressed after death.
Preschool years
Early elementary years
Late elementary years
Early middle school years
Children who have had first-hand encounters with death tend to
A)
B)
C)
D)
still believe in reversible death.
avoid any mention of it.
deny its existence.
have a developmentally more mature understanding of death.
7)
Studies conducted in the early 1940s by Sylvia Anthony showed that children can give
general explanations for death by what age?
A)
B)
C)
D)
5 years old
7 years old
9 years old
12 years old
2
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8)
The model of human development devised by Erikson focuses on
A)
B)
C)
D)
self-identity decisions.
stages of psychosocial development.
academic operations.
internalizing cultural norms.
9)
Which theorist is associated with the developmental model that emphasizes changes in
attitudes toward death during different psychosocial stages?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Mark Speece
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
Gerald Koocher
10)
According to Erikson psychosocial development depends significantly on developing a
sense of identity and is linked to the individual's
A)
B)
C)
D)
11)
connectedness and independence.
genes.
cognitive transformation.
knowledge base.
Jean Piaget's model of development emphasizes
A)
B)
C)
D)
cognitive transformations.
separation-individuation.
the need for developing a sense of basic trust.
psychosocial development.
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12)
In Piaget's model, the first two years of life are characterized as the
A)
B)
C)
D)
preoperational period.
incompetent to competent period.
autonomy vs. shame and doubt.
sensorimotor.
13)
According to Erik Erikson's theory, during which developmental stage do children
increasingly seek their own direction and purpose?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Trust vs. mistrust
Autonomy vs. shame
Initiative vs. guilt
Industry vs. inferiority
14)
In Erikson's model of psychosocial development, in what period is bodily mutilation and
disfigurement one of the death related fears?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Initiative vs. guilt
Anxious vs. confused
Industry vs. inferiority
Identity vs. role confusion
15)
In Erickson's model, approximately what age marks the beginning of the child's moral
sense?
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A)
B)
C)
D)
Birth-2 years
Preschool and kindergarten years
Middle childhood or school age
Adolescent
16)
According to Jean Piaget, at what stage does a child learn to use language and
symbolicthinking to understand the world?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Preoperational
Concrete operational
Formal symbolism
Assimilation
17)
When asked, "What makes things die?" a child responds, "You can die if you swallow a
dirty bug." According to Piaget's theory, this child is probably in which developmental stage?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Sensorimotor
Formal operational
Concrete operational
Preoperational
18)
In the study done by Helen Swain, what percentage of children said that death is unlikely
or avoidable?
A)
B)
C)
D)
95 percent
10 percent
50 percent
66 percent
5