COLLEGE OF MARY IMMACULATE
JP Rizal St., Poblacion, Pandi, Bulacan
(044) 769.2021
https://www.collegeofmaryimmaculate.edu.ph
COGNATE 1
Lesson 3
Personality
Personality
 The unique combination of traits, behaviors, and patterns of thought
that define an individual.
 is the sum total of the traits, characteristics, and patterns of adjustment
of an individual that sets him apart or makes him different from other
individuals.
 Identified through patterns of thoughts, emotions, relationships, and
interaction with other individuals.
Components of Personality
1. Physical or Biological traits and characteristics
 General physical appearance
 Size of the body
 Height and weight
2. Capacities
 Mental ability or intelligence
 Special abilities
 Talents in Arts, Music, Science, etc.
3. Psychosocial Traits
 Good manners
 Introversion-Extroversion
 Lifestyle
4. Spiritual and moral values
 Piety, Honesty, Sincerity
 Keeping promises
COLLEGE OF MARY IMMACULATE © 2025. All Rights Reserved.
For the exclusive use of Officially Enrolled CMIans only. Unauthorized use,
reproduction, sharing or distribution is strictly prohibited.
COLLEGE OF MARY IMMACULATE

JP Rizal St., Poblacion, Pandi, Bulacan
(044) 769.2021
https://www.collegeofmaryimmaculate.edu.ph
Punctuality, Responsibility
5. Temperament
 Emotional maturity and stability
 Ability to keep one’s cool under stress
 Ability to control irritability
Theories of Personality
A.) Type Theories
1. Physique: Body Types
Kretschemer’s classification (not confirmed)
1) Asthenic (Slim and Fragile)
 Tall and thin body
 Introverted, sensitive, and withdrawn
 prefer independent work
2) Pyknic (Short and Stout)
 Short and fat body
 Sociable, cheerful, and emotional
 May contribute positively to group work
3) Normal (Muscular and Strong)
 Have only mild forms of asthenic and pyknic characteristics
 Energetic, determined, and disciplined
4) Dysplastic
 Bodily defective and handicapped
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For the exclusive use of Officially Enrolled CMIans only. Unauthorized use,
reproduction, sharing or distribution is strictly prohibited.
COLLEGE OF MARY IMMACULATE
JP Rizal St., Poblacion, Pandi, Bulacan
(044) 769.2021
https://www.collegeofmaryimmaculate.edu.ph
2. Behavior: Psychological Types
a) Introvert – prefers to be alone, shy, withdrawn but may be a
leader in the discussion
b) Extrovert – prefers to be with people, very sociable.,
conventional, and outgoing
c) Ambivert – the normal who is in-between the two extremes.
B.) Trait Theories
1. Allport’s Personal Dispositions
a) Cardinal Traits – traits that influence a person’s behavior in
most situations. These are also considered the building
blocks of personality, influencing behavior significantly.
Example: A person who is completely driven by a passion for
charity and volunteer work might be described as having a
cardinal trait of altruism.
b) Central Traits – general traits that form the core of an
individual’s personality. They describe the general
characteristics of an individual, such as being timid or
aggressive.
Example: Kindness, honesty, and friendliness are central
traits that people regularly exhibit.
c) Secondary Traits – traits that are situation-specific and less
consistent than cardinal traits. They may reflect preferences
or attitudes, such as disdain towards a specific group.
Example: A student who tends to be shy when meeting new
people but is outgoing with close friends.
COLLEGE OF MARY IMMACULATE © 2025. All Rights Reserved.
For the exclusive use of Officially Enrolled CMIans only. Unauthorized use,
reproduction, sharing or distribution is strictly prohibited.
COLLEGE OF MARY IMMACULATE
JP Rizal St., Poblacion, Pandi, Bulacan
(044) 769.2021
https://www.collegeofmaryimmaculate.edu.ph
2. Catell’s Theory
a) Surface – Observable behaviors that may cajnges depending
on the situation. Example: Being talkative in a group project
but quiet during exams.
b) Source – Deep, underlying personality characteristics that
are stable and consistent over time. Example: Being
inherently curious, leading to consistently strong academic
performance.
References:
Calderon, J. (1998). Foundations of education. Rex Bookstore, Inc.
Garon, C. (2023, November 27). The role of education in shaping character and
personality - Christophe Garon. Christophe Garon.
https://christophegaron.com/articles/mind/the-role-of-education-in-shaping-character-andpersonality/#google_vignette
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For the exclusive use of Officially Enrolled CMIans only. Unauthorized use,
reproduction, sharing or distribution is strictly prohibited.