EFIS/One
Installation Guide
Copyright blue mountain avionics, inc. 2003
Revision History
Release History
2.15
2.16
Initial Release of Installation Guide for Version 2.15
MT/BN/GR/BM
Minor corrections and spelling
MT
Clarifications on Analog 2 and 3 connections
MT
Manual rev E Corrections to INPUT Channel Map,
Localizer connections
BMD
Manual Rev F Addition of G-Meter calibration
BMD
Manual Rev G Sensor Updates, New RPM Tables,
GR/BN
New Features, Sensor Maps
Manual Rev H Updates to reflect some change in
2.16. Corrected Localizer GOOD pin #s.
Added Flash Card Reader. Test Harness,
Other TIPS and Clarifications.
MT
09/20/2003
10/8/2003
10/24/2003
11/17/2003
12/05/2003
03/08/2004
05/30/2004
Table of Contents
LIMITED WARRANTY .................................................................................................................................. 1
RESPONSIBILITIES OF BUYER ............................................................................................................. 1
EXCLUSIONS........................................................................................................................................... 1
NEED HELP?................................................................................................................................................ 2
SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS....................................................................................................................... 2
GETTING STARTED .................................................................................................................................... 3
CRIMPERS AND CONNECTORS................................................................................................................ 4
EFIS/ONE SYSTEM COMPONENT OVERVIEW......................................................................................... 5
1. EFIS/ONE PROCESSING UNIT ................................................................................................................. 5
2. DISPLAY AND CONTROLS ......................................................................................................................... 5
3. EXTERNAL MAGNETOMETER .................................................................................................................... 6
4. EXTERNAL FLASH READER .................................................................................................................... 6
5. GPS ANTENNA........................................................................................................................................ 7
6. PROGRAMMING KEYBOARD ...................................................................................................................... 7
KEYBOARD FUNCTIONS: .............................................................................................................................. 7
SOLD STATE ATTITUDE ................................................................................................................................ 8
MOUNTING & ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS................................................................................. 9
EFIS/ONE PROCESSING UNIT ..................................................................................................................... 9
TEMPERATURE ............................................................................................................................................ 9
PITOT AND STATIC CONNECTIONS ................................................................................................................ 9
DISPLAY ................................................................................................................................................... 10
MAGNETOMETER ....................................................................................................................................... 10
OAT SENSOR ........................................................................................................................................... 10
EXTERNAL FLASH READER ...................................................................................................................... 10
ITEMS YOU’LL NEED................................................................................................................................. 11
SETUP & CONFIGURATION OVERVIEW. ................................................................................................ 13
SENSOR HOOK UP, CONFIGURATION AND CALIBRATION ................................................................. 14
A. CONNECTING UP ON THE WORKBENCH ................................................................................................. 14
B. SELECTING SENSORS ........................................................................................................................... 16
Recommended Sensors, Makes & Models ........................................................................................ 16
Engine Selection & Required Sensors ............................................................................................... 18
Fuel Level Sensors............................................................................................................................. 19
C. CREATING THE SENSOR MAP. ............................................................................................................... 20
D. CONNECTING SENSORS ........................................................................................................................ 20
Making a Test Harness ...................................................................................................................... 20
Factory Test Harness and ADTEST................................................................................................... 20
E. SENSOR CALIBRATION .......................................................................................................................... 21
EFIS/One Command Shell ................................................................................................................. 21
About Analog to Digital Conversion.................................................................................................... 21
Overview & Input of Data ................................................................................................................... 23
Calibration Array Data Entry............................................................................................................... 24
Example, Creating A Digital Voltmeter ............................................................................................... 26
F. SETUP SCREEN .................................................................................................................................... 28
Airspeeds............................................................................................................................................ 29
Aircraft Parameters............................................................................................................................. 29
Engine Gauges................................................................................................................................... 31
Documenting your Settings with SETPRINT...................................................................................... 35
G. CREATING CHECKLISTS ........................................................................................................................ 36
SENSOR TYPES ........................................................................................................................................ 37
AVAILABLE SENSORS INPUTS ..................................................................................................................... 37
STANDARD - INPUT CHANNEL MAP ............................................................................................................. 38
JUMPER SETTINGS FOR RESISTIVE SENSORS ............................................................................................. 39
VOLTAGE INPUTS ...................................................................................................................................... 40
Voltage Divider ................................................................................................................................... 40
CURRENT MEASUREMENT ......................................................................................................................... 41
CHT AND EGT ......................................................................................................................................... 41
FUEL, OIL, COOLANT AND HYDRAULIC PRESSURE ...................................................................................... 41
FUEL FLOW MEASUREMENT & K FACTOR................................................................................................... 41
Fuel Flow for Turbines........................................................................................................................ 42
RPM SENSORS FOR LYCOMING AND CONTINENTAL ENGINES ...................................................................... 43
RPM & Electronic Ignition Systems.................................................................................................... 44
RPM & Proximity Sensors .................................................................................................................. 44
RPM Sensors for Turbine, Wankel and Auto Engines ....................................................................... 44
ANGLE OF ATTACK (AOA) SENSOR............................................................................................................ 44
PNEUMATIC SENSORS ............................................................................................................................... 45
AIRSPEED ................................................................................................................................................. 45
ALTIMETER ............................................................................................................................................... 46
MANIFOLD PRESSURE ............................................................................................................................... 46
MAGNETO-RESISTIVE COMPASS ................................................................................................................. 47
GLIDESLOPE AND LOCALIZER ..................................................................................................................... 48
Glideslope........................................................................................................................................... 48
Localizer ............................................................................................................................................. 48
OAT......................................................................................................................................................... 49
PREFLIGHT SYSTEM CHECKOUT........................................................................................................... 50
FIRST FLIGHT CHECKOUT .......................................................................................................................... 50
UPDATING FROM DVD/CD/FLASH .......................................................................................................... 51
DOWNLOADING DATA TO A COMPUTER............................................................................................... 51
Using the FTP Client in Windows....................................................................................................... 51
Using CuteFTP Interface.................................................................................................................... 52
Using Other FTP Clients .................................................................................................................... 53
APPENDIX A – SENSOR LAYOUT PLAN ................................................................................................. 54
APPENDIX B – EXAMPLE SENSOR MAPS .............................................................................................. 55
EXAMPLE 4 CYLINDER LYCOMING .............................................................................................................. 55
Voltage Divider ................................................................................................................................... 55
LYCOMING IO360 B1E WITH ELECTROAIR IGNITION.................................................................................... 56
LYCOMING IO-360 C1C6 WITH LSE ELECTRONIC IGNITION ........................................................................ 56
SUBARU IN LANCAIR WITH 2 VOLTAGE BUSS ............................................................................................... 57
Voltage Divider ................................................................................................................................... 57
TYPICAL 6 CYLINDER LYCOMING/CONTINENTAL SENSOR LAYOUT PLAN (ANALOG 3 CARD REQUIRED).......... 58
TYPICAL 6 CYLINDER LYCOMING/CONTINENTAL SENSOR LAYOUT PLAN (ANALOG 3 CARD REQUIRED).......... 58
TYPICAL 4 CYLINDER SENSOR WITH RESISTIVE FUEL LEVELS...................................................................... 59
APPENDIX C - EFIS/ONE CONNECTORS & PINOUTS ........................................................................... 60
EXTERNAL POWER – AUX CONNECTOR ..................................................................................................... 60
MAGNETOMETER CABLE ............................................................................................................................ 60
ALTITUDE ENCODER, AP DISCONNECT & AOA FLAP POSITION................................................................... 61
ANALOG 1................................................................................................................................................. 62
NOTE: THE 5 VOLT OUTPUT ON PIN 14 MUST BE USED ONLY FOR THE OUTSIDE AIR TEMPERATURE SENSOR.
ANALOG 3 (OPTIONAL) ........................................................................................................................... 63
ANALOG 3 (OPTIONAL) ........................................................................................................................... 64
VIDEO - VGA ............................................................................................................................................ 65
SERIAL A .................................................................................................................................................. 65
GPSS Format ..................................................................................................................................... 66
Aerosance – Available Engine Parameters........................................................................................ 66
Powersport – Available Engine Parameters....................................................................................... 67
DVD/CD/FLASH CONNECTOR ................................................................................................................. 67
PFD / MDF .............................................................................................................................................. 67
CTRL PFD / MFD ................................................................................................................................... 67
GPS BNC CONNECTOR............................................................................................................................ 68
APPENDIX D - UPSAT SL30 INTERFACE ................................................................................................ 69
OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................................ 69
SL-30 DIGITAL OUTPUTS .......................................................................................................................... 69
DIGITAL CONNECTION DIAGRAM ................................................................................................................. 69
DIGITAL TEST PROCEDURE ........................................................................................................................ 70
SL-30 ANALOG OUTPUTS .......................................................................................................................... 70
ANALOG CONNECTION DIAGRAM ................................................................................................................ 71
ANALOG TEST PROCEDURE ....................................................................................................................... 71
APPENDIX E - DISPLAY INSTALLATION ................................................................................................. 72
PANEL INSTALLATION ................................................................................................................................ 72
ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS ....................................................................................................................... 74
DISPLAY PANEL CUTOUT ........................................................................................................................... 76
APPENDIX F - KEYBOARD MODIFICATION ............................................................................................ 77
APPENDIX G – PROBE VENDOR INFORMATION................................................................................... 77
APPENDIX H – DIMENSIONS & POWER ................................................................................................. 78
EFIS/ONE ................................................................................................................................................ 78
DISPLAY ................................................................................................................................................... 79
REMOTE KEYPAD ...................................................................................................................................... 80
DVD/CD DRIVE ........................................................................................................................................ 81
FLASH CARD READER. ............................................................................................................................ 82
EFIS/ONE SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................................................................... 83
APPENDIX I – CALIBRATING THE G METER .......................................................................................... 84
APPENDIX J – FACTORY TEST HARNESS AND ADTEST ..................................................................... 85
NOTES: ....................................................................................................................................................... 87
LIMITED WARRANTY
Blue Mountain Avionics LLC (hereinafter referred to as “BMA”) provides the following limited warranty. If you
should have any questions, please contact the avionics dealer that sold you the BMA product or contact BMA
directly.
If during the one (1) year period following the date of the original shipment from BMA or the date of your first flight
(whichever occurs first), your BMA Product is found on authorized inspection to have a defect in material or workmanship,
BMA or an authorized representative will repair such defect or replace the defective unit without charge for parts or labor.
Routine maintenance work and the results of normal wear are not covered by this warranty except as noted. BMA
reserves the right to utilize reconditioned subassemblies as warranty replacements in the repair of the product. In the
event BMA determines that the unit cannot be repaired, BMA will replace the defective unit with either the same model
product or one that is reasonably equivalent. At BMA’s discretion, replacement units or repaired units may include
software or hardware updates and revisions that alter some characteristics of the product. Should warranty service be
required, the warranty period will be extended by the number of days that elapse between the date a defect is reported
and the date that the repaired unit is returned. BMA assumes no responsibility for payment of any repair services
performed by third parties including removal of the unit from the aircraft, inspection, packaging, handling, or installation
unless such services are authorized in advance and in writing by BMA. BMA reserves the right to make changes,
upgrades, and improvements to its products without incurring any obligation to install such changes, upgrades, and
improvements in previously manufactured products.
If during the warranty period, title to the aircraft in which the product is installed is transferred the remainder of the
warranty may be transferred to the new owner by notifying BMA in writing of the transaction. Such notification must
include complete address information for the original owner and the new owner as well as the N number and serial
number of the aircraft and the serial number of the BMA product. Please contact BMA directly if you have any questions
regarding the BMA limited warranty. This limited warranty is the only warranty which BMA makes with respect to your
BMA Products. BMA disclaims all other warranties relating to the product including warranties of merchantability and
fitness for a particular use. In any event, BMA shall not be liable for any incidental or consequential damages. Some
states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages and some states do not allow
limitations on how long an implied warranty may last; therefore, the above limitations or exclusions may not apply to you.
This warranty gives you specific legal rights. You may also have other rights that vary from state to state. In the event any
of the provisions of this warranty are found by statute or by applicable administrative or judicial entity to be unenforceable,
the remaining provisions shall remain in force.
RESPONSIBILITIES OF BUYER
Please read the Pilot’s Guide of your BMA Product and the equipment to which it is connected. The information
provided in your Pilot’s Guide covers operation and safety precautions. This warranty does NOT cover expenses
incurred due to a lack of understanding of the functioning of the product when it is operating as designed. In order for
BMA to provide proper warranty service, you may be required to: Supply proof of purchase documents, permit BMA or
an authorized representative to provide the applicable warranty service during normal business hours, retain and
provide to BMA (upon request) any documentation of the installation of the product in your aircraft, provide BMA with
all pertinent information regarding the symptoms, failure, or defect initiating the request for warranty service.
EXCLUSIONS
This warranty does not cover the following; failures that are the result of improper installation, maintenance, or repair,
failures that result from neglect, abnormal acceleration or deceleration, shock, modification, accidental damage, theft,
vandalism, or exposure to extremes in temperature or relative humidity, radio frequency interference generated by
equipment operated in violation of applicable FCC rules.
All product or material returned to BMA must be properly packed and labeled with a Returned Material Authorization
(RMA) number.
Need Help?
If you are experiencing difficulties, we recommend that you:
Read all documentation provided with your EFIS/One flight system.
Read all documentation that has been provided as part of an update.
Check our web site for latest revisions of the manual. This can be found in the Support section.
After you are familiar with the documentation, please call us 423-496-3510 or email
support@bluemountainavionics.com
Our office hours are 8:30am to 5:30pm Eastern Standard Time, Monday to Friday. Many times, you can get
after hours help using email or by visiting our Discussion Group on our web site at
www.bluemountainavionics.com
Safety Considerations
Although your EFIS/One is a reliable system, it can and probably will fail at some point. Make sure you fly
safe and always have an alternative form of instrumentation, especially for flight into instrument
meteorological conditions. Flight into IMC or during night can result in serious injury or death if the EFIS/One
system should fail and you do not have appropriate backup instruments. A two screen, single processor
EFIS/One installation is not considered sufficient backup for IMC operations, as the failure of the processor
will cause the failure of both screens. Dual processors, each with its own display provides far better
redundancy but is still susceptible to errors causing the failure to both systems. IFR flight is a serious
business – have two ways of doing everything critical to flight safety. The EFIS/One has not been certified
under the FAA certification procedures.
Please fly safe and have fun!
Page 2 of 87
Installation Guide
Important
We cannot stress enough the importance of reading this manual THOROUGHLY! A complete
understanding of how your system works and how it interconnects will save you hours of work and help us
reduce unnecessary tech support calls. If you are not familiar with installation of avionics equipment you
should seek the help of an authorized and trained Blue Mountain Avionics dealer or support personnel. Blue
Mountain Avionics does offer a limited onsite installation option. The EFIS/One contains sensitive
electronics which can be damaged through incorrect installation.
Connect and test all equipment, on the bench, prior to installing in the aircraft. This will save you many
hours later trying to rectify issues that will arise due to aircraft wiring.
Blue Mountain Avionics strongly recommends purchasing an engine probe and wiring kit. Please call for
availability.
Getting Started
When you first receive your EFIS/One system, check that all the components listed on the packing list are
included. If anything is missing please call us immediately at 423-496-3510.
The following is the list of steps, in order, that BMA recommends are followed:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Read this Installation Manual and AeroElectric Connection (see below).
Connect up your EFIS/One with the cables BMA Supplied.
Verify that the EFIS/One operates correctly before making changes.
Select your sensors and create a sensor map. We can help with this task if needed.
Connect your sensors and calibrate them on the bench.
Enter aircraft and engine data in the Setup screen.
Install the EFIS/One in the aircraft.
Recheck all calibration.
Perform preflight and in-flight checks.
The AeroElectric Connection (10th edition) is available from Bob Nuckolls. This is a great manual on aircraft
wiring and is used by many individuals and kit aircraft companies. Please read carefully the section on
ground loops. Ground loops are the cause of the majority of electronic difficulties in homebuilts, and they
are the source of most EFIS/One support calls. They will cause erratic readings, especially with
thermocouple devices.
By Robert L. Nuckolls, III
6936 Bainbridge Road
Wichita, KS 67226-1008
Telephone: (316) 685-8617
www.aeroelectric.com
Installation Guide
Page 3 of 87
Crimpers and Connectors.
The EFIS/One can be physically installed in your aircraft with the basic tools typically required when building
the aircraft. To make good quality wiring connections, quality crimp tools should be purchased. Use the
correct crimp tool for what you are crimping.
Daniels Manufacturing supplies high quality crimpers. For connections to the D-Sub connections on the back
of the EFIS/One we recommend the AF8M Crimp Tool.
http://www.dmctools.com/Products/miniature_adjustabale_crimp_tools.htm
If you decide to solder connections, please use a quality soldering iron and solder. You should also use heat
shrink tubing on each connection.
http://www.lashen.com/vendors/CooperTools/weller.asp
Installing the EFIS/One processor is as simple as setting your jumpers, finding a place for it and connecting
the cables. The procedure in the next few pages shows you how to bench test the system, calibrate it, and
install it in your plane. Don’t skip this section! You’ll learn how your system works and how not to damage it
while installing.
Page 4 of 87
Installation Guide
EFIS/One System Component Overview
The EFIS/One system is comprised of six individual components. Since many of these components are
used to sense the aircraft’s attitude, it is imperative that they are installed correctly. The installation
guidelines in this manual must be adhered to for proper operation. Whether you installed the system
yourself or not, as a pilot, it is recommended that you be familiar with the components of the system as it
may be necessary to check for proper installation if operational problems are encountered.
The six EFIS/One system components are:
1. EFIS/One Processing Unit
The EFIS/One processor contains all the hardware required to
perform the functions described in the Pilot’s Guide. The unit must
be mounted close to level (within 2 degrees) when the aircraft is in
level flight and with its connectors facing the left wing.
2. Display and Controls
The EFIS/One processor supports up to two digital displays.
Each display contains four control buttons and three control
knobs on the right side of the display bezel. These displays
are high quality transflective displays specifically designed for
readability in sunlight. The upper control knob is for
brightness. The four buttons control, from top to bottom
•
•
•
•
AP – Autopilot
CKL – Check Lists
FLT – Flight Planning
SET – Settings
The functionality of each button and knob is described in further details later in this guide.
Installation Guide
Page 5 of 87
3. External Magnetometer
The Magnetometer is similar to a conventional flux
gate. It senses the earth’s magnetic field and coverts
this to a heading. It must be mounted in the aircraft as
level as practical with the label on top and the X arrow
parallel to the aircraft’s longitudinal axis. Great care
must also be taken to mount this sensor away from
magnetic interference. BMA recommends mounting
this sensor at least 12 inches from any steel larger than
a 10-32 machine screw. Improper mounting of this or
any magnetic sensor will cause incorrect heading
information. It may not read correctly inside buildings
containing steel or while on concrete which has rebar in
it!
This is the currently shipping BMA version of the Honeywell
magnetometer. It is plug compatible to the HMR2300.
4. External FLASH Reader
There have been several different models of
DVD or CD drive shipped with the EFIS/One
system. Currently we are shipping a solid-state
FLASH memory reader as shown at the left. If
you wish to upgrade to the latest FLASH
reader, please contact BMA.
Page 6 of 87
Installation Guide
5. GPS antenna
The EFIS/One is shipped with this small active GPS
antenna. It should be mounted on your aircraft with a
clear view of the sky and with the label facing the
ground. From above the aircraft, the antenna should
look like the picture on the left. The magnets on the
bottom of the antenna are optional and may be removed
if not used in a permanent installation. If you wish to
use an externally mounted antenna, any 5 volt active
antenna will work. We’ve had good results with the
Garmin antennas.
6. Programming keyboard
The Programming Keyboard is used for setup purposes
and is not needed during normal flight operations. It is
small and is recommended that you store it in the aircraft
in case it is needed during a trip away from home base.
The keyboard can be used to simulate the bezel controls.
Use the following keys while running the EFIS/One with
the Programming Keyboard plugged in.
NOTE: Do not use the bezel controls while the Programming Keyboard is plugged in. It will cause the bezel
and/or keyboard to operate erratically. See Appendix F for a modification to correct this issue. Keyboards
shipped after May 30th, 2003, do not exhibit this behavior.
Keyboard Functions:
Programming Keyboard
1
2
3
4
Left Arrow
Right Arrow
Up Arrow
Down Arrow
Enter
Installation Guide
Bezel Button/Knob
AP
CKL
FLT
SET
Outer Knob Left
Outer Knob Right
Inner Knob Left
Inner Knob Right
Inner Knob Push
Page 7 of 87
Sold State Attitude
The processor takes data from the internal air data computer, inertial sensors, accelerometers, GPS
receiver and magnetometer subsystems. The data from these sensors are used, along with complex
mathematical algorithms to determine the aircrafts attitude. The GPS receiver and the data it provides is
used to aid the attitude solution. Internal routines monitor the GPS and the quality of the data. When valid
GPS data is available, the technique of GPS aiding for attitude display enables precision far beyond that
which is attainable without its use. If the GPS signal is determined to be unreliable these routines eliminate
its use for attitude solution. This does not mean that the attitude solution is inaccurate. On the contrary,
even without GPS aiding the EFIS/One attitude far exceeds the requirements for traditional mechanical
(moving mass) gyroscopic instruments. All of this happens transparently to the pilot. Most modern UAVs
(unmanned aerial vehicles), some guided missile technology and other military applications use this GPS
aiding technique. Without a built in GPS receiver, GPS aiding is not possible as remote or external
receivers do not output the information necessary to create a GPS aided solution.
The magnetic heading indicator or HSI is cross-linked to the Attitude system so that turning errors are
removed. This is known as a slaved, all attitude magnetic compass. As all our sensors are solid state, they
cannot be damaged when flying aerobatics.
Page 8 of 87
Installation Guide
Mounting & Environmental Requirements
Although the system is fairly rugged, a little care in mounting will give noticeably better performance. Most
of the sensors for the attitude solution are inside the processor box. The only exception is the
magnetometer. For this reason the mounting of this processor box is critical.
The processor box should be mounted in the aircraft with the picture of the airplane on top, and aligned with
the longitudinal axis of the aircraft. It should also be as close to “flight” level as possible. It doesn’t have to
be perfect, but it helps. EFIS/One can perform with mounting errors of up to 10° in pitch, roll, or yaw, but its
performance may be degraded.
Shock dampening is not required or recommended as the isolation from the aircraft movement can affect the
precision of the Autopilot sub system.
EFIS/One Processing Unit
Since EFIS/One detects motion with its internal inertial sensors. The mounting orientation of those sensors
makes a real difference. The processor mounts with the long axis parallel to the wings, and the connectors
to the left. Orient the processor using the aircraft printed on the top of the box. The CPU should also be
mounted as level as possible longitudinally and laterally. Small errors can be corrected through software
(less than 2 degrees of error). Refer to the image of the aircraft on your processor. Mount it the same way
the airplane is heading.
Temperature
EFIS/One is designed to be flown in a temperature controlled cabin and is not suitable for very cold
conditions. Do not install the unit in the non-pressurized part of the aircraft if you are going to fly at altitudes
where the temperature could drop below -20C. The unit will not operate below –20C without modification,
although the same can be said for most engines. Once the unit starts, it will control its own temperature, but
the unit will not start below –20C to prevent displaying possibly misleading information from frozen sensors.
Please contact BMA for information regarding operation in arctic conditions.
Pitot and Static Connections
There are five pneumatic ports on the left side of the EFIS/One. From top to bottom, these ports are Pitot,
Static, Manifold Pressure, and two AOA connections. These ports use high quality oxygen rated medical
connectors for easy quick connect and disconnect of the aircraft’s pneumatic lines. The fittings
accommodate 3/16” and ¼” ID tubing.
• AOA has two ports for differential pressure. Blue Mountain Avionics has licensed the hardware and
patented algorithms from Proprietary Systems to implement the same great AOA system within the
EFIS/One. This optional AOA system, can be purchased separately from Blue Mountain Avionics,
Inc. will be activated for those customers who purchase it.
•
Manifold Pressure has one port for pressure. The port can be used to measure any air pressure
desired if manifold pressure is not needed.
•
The Altimeter sensor has one port for absolute pressure and should be connected to the aircraft’s
static port.
•
The Airspeed sensor is a differential sensor, just like a standard ASI, and should be connected to
the aircraft’s Pitot and Static ports.
NOTE: The sensors inside the EFIS/One are sensitive just like the old mechanical gauges. Do not apply
pressure or suction without using the proper equipment found at your local avionics shop. A small amount of
Installation Guide
Page 9 of 87
pressure or vacuum makes a big difference to these sensors. Just for the record, a shop air line will blow
these sensors (or any Altimeter) into very expensive bits.
TIP: The pneumatic connectors on the EFIS/One are high quality, oxygen rated connectors. If you need
replacement inserts or different sizes call BMA. These connectors are also available from Colder Products
at 651-645-0091. The “body” which is mounted in the EFIS/One connector panel is part # PMC1602 and the
straight insert is PMC2202. Various size inserts and angles are available. See
http://www.colder.com/asp_productoverviews/pmc_series.asp
Display
The EFIS/One display is about the size of a page in this manual (8.5” by 11”). For the latest templates,
always check our website for any last minute updates we may have made. The EFIS/One supports one or
two displays which can be located up to 25ft from the processor unit. The system is shipped with 6’ cables
(there are two from the display to the processor) but longer lengths are available. Unfortunately, we do not
have shorter LVDS cables available.
NOTE: Do not cut the LVDS cable and splice back together to shorten. This will destroy the cable and will
affect the quality of the displayed image. Just coil up any extra cable.
See Appendix E for instructions on mounting the display.
Magnetometer
The magnetometer must be mounted like the processor box: level fore and aft and left and right and aligned
with the aircrafts longitudinal axis. The X, Y, and Z axis are marked on the top of the magnetometer. X
points to the nose, Y parallel with the wings and Z straight down.
As is noted elsewhere, the magnetometer supplied with EFIS/One is sensitive enough to provide sparkling
performance. You can mount it anywhere, but if you keep it 2 feet from anything connected to the electrical
system and 12 inches from any iron bigger than a 10-32 machine screw you’ll be amazed at what it can do
for you. Also keep the magnetometer away from any ferrous metals. Mount with brass or plastic hardware
or an industrial grade two sided tape. You may have to experiment a little with the best location. When
checking the magnetometer you should be outside, not in a hangar (it has steel in it). Also, concrete has
rebar inside and the magnetometer can be affected by this.
OAT Sensor
The outside air temperature sensor is the small transistor-looking device that comes with the three wires
attached. Put it out in the slipstream and out of direct sunlight. Inside a belly scoop is great!
External FLASH Reader
You only need access the FLASH reader for monthly updates or to download flight data. Therefore, you can
mount it anywhere – it doesn’t need to be on the panel. Keep the cable less than three (3) feet long and you
can place it wherever it is most convenient.
Page 10 of 87
Installation Guide
Items You’ll Need
To configure or change the setup of your EFIS/One, you’ll need:
Programming Keyboard and a comfortable place to sit. This is supplied with your EFIS/One. Well,
the keyboard that is.
A good digital voltmeter.
A calculator.
A pad and pencil to write with.
A #1 Phillips screwdriver.
GPS antenna. This is supplied with your EFIS/One.
Connectors, crimp tools & pin insertion and removal tool.
Wire and tie wraps.
Jumpers for Resistive Channels, supplied with the EFIS/One.
You will need the following connectors and cables to hook everything up:
Connector
Type
DB-37 Male
DB-25 Male
DB-44 Male
DB-9 Male
DB-15 Male
LVDS
Display Serial
50 IDC
Processor
Power
Display Power
Quantity
1
2
1
2
1
1 or 2
1 or 2
1
1
BMA
Supplied
O*
O*
O*
YES
NO
YES
YES
YES
YES
1
YES
Use
Analog 1 *
Analog 2 and Encoder Output*
Analog 3, High Density Connector *
Magnetometer Cable
To Connect PC VGA Monitor
Commercial LVDS Video Cable for Display
Connects Display Controls to Processor (Serial)
Connects the DVD/CD drive.
6 Pin Molex with 4 Pin Molex. Black or green is
Ground. 4 Pin Molex plugs into DVD/CD drive.
6 Pin Molex. Black or green is ground. This cable has
only two wires.
* O – BMA Offers pre-wired connectors and cable for Analog 1, 2 and 3.
Optional tools which are nice to have:
1. Long Magnetometer cable (25 foot DB-9 serial cable from computer store or make your own)
2. Alligator test leads.
Installation Guide
Page 11 of 87
Blue Mountain Avionics offers ready-to-use wire harnesses for analog ports 1 and 2 with pre-wired and
labeled Teflon cable. We also offer the same for the Analog 3 port if you are using the optional Analog 3
card. Each cable uses Teflon wire, is 15’ long, and is numbered every 6 inches with the pin number the
cable is connected to. This makes it much easier to identify which wire goes where. See our web site or call
for further details.
NOTE: If you use these harnesses, do not leave the unused wires connected. They will act as antennas
and transmit noise into the radios! Use a pin extractor and remove un-used wires.
Page 12 of 87
Installation Guide
Setup & Configuration Overview.
Most of the functionality of the EFIS/One is controlled by software. The configuration specific to your
aircraft, your checklists, and engine gauges will be made via various software menus and the use of the
Programming Keyboard.
The following 7 steps are necessary, in order, to setup the EFIS/One.
A. Connect up all EFIS/One hardware BMA provided. This includes the GPS antenna, DVD/CD drive,
OAT Sensor and Magnetometer.
B. Select the sensors you are going to use with your engine. Some example engine configurations are
provided in Appendix B
C. Design your sensor map. This establishes which sensors will be connected to which EFIS/One
inputs. Examples are provided in Appendix B
D. Connect up all the engine sensors that you will be using. This includes, fuel flow sensors, EGT
sensors, CHT sensors, pressure and temperate transducers and fuel level sensors.
TIP: It’s a whole lot easier to connect these items on the bench with a test wiring harness.
Problems are much easier to find on the bench than when everything is buried behind the panel.
Really consider doing this! Problems that can be solved in minutes on the bench take hours in the
plane.
E. Calibrate each sensor either using the Presets we provide or manually.
F. Use the Setup option to establish V Speeds, choose how sensors are displayed, and to enter other
aircraft data.
G. Setup Checklists for your aircraft.
Installation Guide
Page 13 of 87
Sensor Hook Up, Configuration and Calibration
A. Connecting Up On the Workbench
Before installing the equipment in the aircraft, it should be powered up and tested on the bench first. This will
ensure there has not been any damage during shipment.
1. Connect the EFIS/One processor to a 12 volt power supply using the cable supplied. The black or green
wire is ground.
NOTE: DO NOT USE A BATTERY CHARGER. Radio Shack sells 12V bench power supplies.
2. Connect the Display power leads (black or green is ground) to whatever DC power source you are using
to run the EFIS.
3. Connect the display to the EFIS/One with the LVDS cable to the connector marked PFD/MFD.
4. Plug your controller cable from the display to the CTRL PFD port on the EFIS/One processor.
5. Connect your GPS antenna to the processor and try to place it outside or near a window.
NOTE: EFIS/One is shipped with an active antenna that requires +5 volt power, through the coax, from
the processor. If you are considering using another type of antenna than the one we supply, make sure
it is an ACTIVE antenna that runs on 5 volts. Connecting a passive antenna to the EFIS/One usually
destroys the GPS chipset.
6. Plug your keyboard into the CTRL PFD port on the EFIS/One processor.
7. Connect the Magnetometer to theMagnetometer port using the supplied cable.
8. This is also a good time to wire the OAT sensor to a DB25 and plug into Analog 2.
9. Apply power.
Page 14 of 87
Installation Guide
After initialization and system checks are complete, the EFIS/One display might look something like this:
TIP: If you prefer, a standard VGA PC monitor can be connected to the DB15, Video-VGA port on the
EFIS/One. This way, the EFIS/One display can be left in the aircraft while the processor is removed to the
bench for testing and calibration. Please see the note on keyboard functions on page 7 for controlling the
EFIS/One without the control bezel.
At this time, the engine gauges might also be displayed and many of them flashing. Don’t worry, we’ll cover
how the gauges are setup and configured for your engine.
You should be able to perform the following basic tests at this point:
Verify the ADI shows pitch and roll when the processor unit is moved around.
Verify the heading indicator moves when you rotate the magnetometer.
NOTE: If the heading indicator moves when you pitch the processor don’t worry, this is normal at
this stage. When mounted in the aircraft and both the magnetometer and processor move together,
the heading will be stable when there are no heading changes.
Verify that the altimeter is correct. If you are within 3 miles of a known airport, we’ll set the altimeter
automatically for you. If not you’ll have to set it yourself to the local barometric pressure using the
SET page.
Make sure the GPS antenna has a clear view of the sky. If after power up, the EFIS/One has the
‘No GPS’ message shown at the bottom right, the GPS signal is not being received. The Lat/Lon
position of your location will be displayed after EFIS/One locks onto the satellites. Additionally, a
map of your location will also be displayed. If this is the first time the unit is started after being
shipped, it may take up to 30 minutes for the clocks to initialize and to download ephemeris data.
Please be patient.
Verify that pushing each button (4) on the bezel displays a menu.
Verify that the rotary knobs move the HSI bug and OBS course number on the HSI.
Installation Guide
Page 15 of 87
Verify that pushing the inner knob displays engine data (there may be no gauges defined).
Verify that the OAT, if connected, shows temperature in the Settings Page (push the SET button).
Verify that the brightness knob changes the screen brightness.
TIP: If the display is very dim, make sure that you have all three cables connected. The three cables
are: LVDS cable, Ctrl PFD cable (DB9 cable) and Power Cable with TWO wires.
Assuming that all is well with the above tests, continue with configuring your EFIS/One. If not, please call
BMA at 423-496-3510 so we can establish what is wrong.
B. Selecting Sensors
A wide variety of engine sensors are available on the market today. The EFIS/One is designed to work with
most sensor types including, resistive, voltage, frequency and capacitance with an adapter. However, we
recommend the following sensors as they have been used before and calibration data is available. Other
sensors can be used if you have its specification and are willing to perform a manual sensor calibration.
Recommended Sensors, Makes & Models
Sensor Use
EGT
Pressure
(Hydraulic to 1500 PSI)
BMA
Temperature
(Oil, Coolant, IAT)
Temperature
(Oil, Coolant, IAT)
Fuel Flow 201A
Fuel Flow 201B
Fuel Flow 231
Fuel Flow FT-180
BMA
Manufacturer
Electronics
International
Aerosance
Westach
303DH2T,
720-14R
Westach
303DH2T
,720-14R
Measurement
Specialties, P/N
MSP400-0-100-P4-N-1
Measurement
Specialties, P/N
MSP400-0-2500P-4-N-1
VDO
BMA
UMA
R
High Range Jumper
BMA, Floscan
BMA, Floscan
BMA ,Floscan
BMA
Floscan
Floscan
Floscan
Electronics
International
Flow
Technologies
BMA
F
F
F
F
Up to 24 Gals/Hr
Up to 28 Gals/Hr
Up to 40 Gals/Hr
5 – 200 GPH
F
L-39’s
V
V
V
R
+-/100 Amp
Vans Capacitance
Frequency (Vision)
Resistive
CHT
RPM – Lycoming
RPM - Continental
Pressure
(Oil, Fuel, Coolant to 100
PSI)
Flow Technologies
FT8-8AEXS-LEAH4
Amperage
Fuel Level
Fuel Level
Fuel Level
Page 16 of 87
Supplier
BMA
BMA
BMA, Aircraft
Spruce,
Westach
BMA, Aircraft
Spruce,
Westach
BMA
Flow Tech
BMA
Installation Guide
Type
T
R
F
Comments
Use ungrounded
probes only.
High Range Jumper
F
V
Active Probes
0-5 Volts
V
Active Probes
0-5 Volts
R
Low Range Jumper
Type is V=Voltage, R=Resistance, F=Frequency, T=Thermocouple
Installation Guide
Page 17 of 87
Engine Selection & Required Sensors
Engine
Make &
Model
Continental
IO550*
Continental
IO550F*
Continental
TSIO550*
Falconer
V12
Ivchenko
AI-25 TL
(L39 Jet)
Jabiru
Lycoming
O360
Lycoming
IO360
Lycoming
IO540
Lycoming
TIO540
M14
Mazda
Walter 601
Rotax
Subaru
EGT
ITT
CHT
Oil
Pres
Oil
Temp
Coolant
Temp
Coolant
Pressure
6
6
1
1
n/a
6
6
1
1
6
6
1
12
1
IAT
RPM
Fuel
Pres
Fuel Flow
(type)
Volts
Amps
n/a
1
1
Floscan 231
1
1
Requires
Optional
BMA
Analog 3
YES
n/a
n/a
1
1
Floscan 231
1
1
YES
1
n/a
n/a
1
1
1
1
YES
1
2
2
1
FADEC
1
2
Floscan 231
FADEC
1
1
YES
1
1
1
1
FT8-8AEXS
1
1
NO
1
1
1
1
NO
1
1
NO
1
1
YES
2
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
n/a
1
n/a
1
1
1
4
4
1
1
n/a
n/a
1
1
6
6
1
1
n/a
n/a
1
1
1
Floscan
201B
Floscan
201B
Floscan 231
6
6
1
1
n/a
n/a
1
1
Floscan 231
1
1
YES
9
1
1
9
1
1
1
1
1
1
n/a
1
n/a
n/a
1
n/a
1
1
Floscan 231
1
FT-180
1
1
1
1
1
1
YES
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
NO
2
n/a
1
*Aerosance has a FADEC for Lycoming and Continental Engines.
Page 18 of 87
Installation Guide
NO
Fuel Level Sensors
Fuel Probe
Vans Capacitance
Type
Capacitance
Adapter
Blue Mountain
Vision Micro
Freq
Princeton Electronics
Westach
Voltage
None Required
Installation Guide
Comments
Call 423-496-3510
to order. Usually
two are needed.
These adapters
output 0-5Volts.
Call 616 281 5193
These adapters
output 0-5 Volts
Outputs Voltage
connects directly.
Outputs 0-5 Volts.
Page 19 of 87
C. Creating the Sensor Map.
After you have chosen which set of transducers you would like for your engine, assign each transducer to a
compatible input on either the Analog 1, 2 or 3 connectors. In Appendix B there are example sensor maps
for the more common engines. There is also a blank form to create your own if you prefer to customize the
map. Each sensor has a type of input that it can be used with on the EFIS/One. Match up the sensors you
have selected to the available inputs, by type, on the EFIS/One to make sure there are enough of each type
of input.
TIP: Start by selecting how you will connect up the fuel level sensors. There usually is not much flexibility
here as you have to use what is installed in your aircraft. Once this is done, this will determine what inputs
are left for the remaining sensors.
NOTE: Six cylinders or more, require the Analog 3 option to be able to accommodate 6 CHTS, 6 EGTS and
all the other items you may want to monitor.
If you have a Powersport, Aerosance (Continental) or Motec M48 FADEC controlled engine, see Appendix
C, Serial A.
D. Connecting Sensors
After you have created the sensor map you will then be able to connect up each sensor to the appropriate
type of channel and its associated pin and connector on the EFIS/One. Use high quality Teflon wire,
connectors and crimp tools to make your connections.
Making a Test Harness
You’ll need to make some cables to install EFIS/One in your airplane, and it’s worth having a set to test with
and to gain some experience before going to the hangar and trying to do the same thing upside down inside
the plane. Here’s what we need to make:
1. Test plug for Analog 1
2. Test plug for Analog 2
3. Test plug for Analog 3 (if used)
After you have created your sensor map create a bench test harness connecting at least one of each type of
sensor. If you can’t make things work on the bench, you probably won’t be able to make them work in the
aircraft. If you need help with your sensor map, please email support@bluemountainavionics.com and we
will help you with the sensor map layout.
NOTE: The RED wire on a type K thermocouple is NEGATIVE. The YELLOW is positive.
Once the sensors are connected, proceed to the next section to calibrate and verify of each sensor.
Factory Test Harness and ADTEST
A schematic is provided in Appendix J to make a factory test harness. This harness is used in conjunction
with the test program ADTEST to verify the function of each input of the EFIS/One. When AD test is run, it
generates various signals and the test harness passes these signals into the various voltage and resistive
channel. Then results are then displayed for verification. If you are experiencing problems with your
EFIS/One and it’s ability to correctly read probes, making this harness and using ADTEST from the
Command prompt will help identify where the problem lies.
Page 20 of 87
Installation Guide
E. Sensor Calibration
After Powering up your EFIS/One system with sensors connected you’re ready to see how these sensors
are interpreted by the processor and how they can be calibrated to create engine gauges. First you will need
to access the EFIS/One Command Shell and then select Sensor Calibration.
EFIS/One Command Shell
The EFIS/One Command Shell is where access is gained to other, non-flight functions. The Command
Menu has these items on it:
•
•
•
•
•
EFIS/One
Setup
Sensor Calibration
Checklist Maintenance
Command Shell
Run the normal system software.
Used to setup sensors, V Speeds and Other Configuration Data
Calibration of Engine Sensors
Setup of custom checklists
Access to File Transfer, Software Updates.
To get to the Calibration screen, plug your Programming Keyboard into the EFIS/One processor (CTRL
MFD or CTRL PFD). Apply power to the EFIS/One and wait for the normal flight display to show. Touch the
ESCAPE key to get out of the EFIS/One program to the Command Shell then use the up and down arrows
to select Sensor Calibration. Touch <Enter> to go into Sensor Calibration. When all changes are complete,
press the Esc key to exit Setup.
All sensors must be calibrated either using the Presets BMA provides or manually if needed.
WARNING: Never power off the EFIS/One while in the Setup or Calibration options. This could result in
lost or corrupted data and will require the help of technical support to recover backup data. In some cases,
the processor may need to be returned to the factory.
About Analog to Digital Conversion
Before calibrating a sensor let’s talk about how they work and how the EFIS/One interprets and processes a
sensor. For example purposes, we are going to use a simple resistive sensor like a Pressure Transducer.
Let’s say this hypothetical transducer has the following resistance table.
PSI
0
50
100
Ohms
100
200
300
The EFIS/One needs to read and store the resistance value provided by the sensor as a digital
representation. This is achieved using Analog to Digital converters which are built into the EFIS/One. The
standard EFIS/One has 16 A to D converters and an additional 16 are available with the optional Analog 3
card. The A to D converts the resistance value to a number between 0 and 4095. We call this the AD Value.
So, when our hypothetical pressure transducer is connected to the EFIS/One, we might find that:
PSI
0
50
100
Ohms
100
200
300
AD Value
700
1400
2100
Installation Guide
Page 21 of 87
Now, we have a value in the computer that represents a resistance. The problem is that the pilot doesn’t
care about AD Values and is more interested in the actual pressure in PSI. So, in our Calibration program,
we select what the pilot sees for a given AD Value. We call this value the Display Value. In this example, we
will display the PSI.
PSI
0
50
100
Ohms
100
200
300
AD Value
700
1400
2100
Display Value
0
50
100
All sensors work using A to D converters and then converting the incoming (from the sensor) AD value into
the Display Value which is what is displayed to the pilot. The computer uses a mathematical algorithm to
interpolate and extrapolate display values for any incoming AD value. For example, using the above table,
an AD Value of 1050 would be interpolated to give a display value of 25 PSI. Likewise, an AD Value of 4200
would be extrapolated to give display value of 200 PSI.
BMA provides sets of AD and Display Value pairs, know as a Calibration Array, for certain known sensors
making calibration a simple process. However, almost any sensor can be calibrated using the above
method and against a known reference.
The following sensors have Presets for the Calibration Array in version 2.15.
• Grand Rapids: 30 PSI
• Grand Rapids: 150 PSI
• Grand Rapids: Temperate
• Westach: 30 PSI
• Westach: 50 PSI
• Westach: 100 PSI
• Westach: 300 PSI
• Westach: 500 PSI
• Westach: 1500 PSI
• Westach: Temp
• Aerosance Resistive CHT.
• Old CHT (Type J)
• New CHT (Type J)
• Old EGT (Type K)
• New EGT (Type K)
• Floscan 264PB-15
• Floscan 201A
• Floscan 201B
• Floscan 231
• Westach 303DH2T
Page 22 of 87
Installation Guide
Overview & Input of Data
There are 16 input channels in the EFIS/One, numbered 0 through 15. With the optional Analog 3 card, 16
more sensors are available and are numbered 16 through 31. The following channel numbers are reserved
for internal sensors and should not be changed.
Reserved Channel Numbers
Sensor #
Channel #
1
2
3
6
8
9
10
11
12
16
17
Reserved Use
Yaw
Roll
Pitch
OAT
AOA
Manifold Pressure
Altimeter
Airspeed
G Meter
Glideslope
Localizer
Do not change any of the Reserved Sensor calibration entries unless instructed to do.
Valid Entries
When calibrating a sensor, two columns of numbers are entered which determine how the sensor
will be interpreted by the processor and then converted and displayed to the pilot. This table is
referred to as the Calibration Array. AD Values must be between 0 and 4095. Duplicate entries for
AD values will result in the system deleting one entry.
The Display Value can be any decimal number between +/-32000. Again, duplicate values will be
discarded. Also AD and Display values cannot both be 0.
You must have two (2) data points for calibration to work. Try getting one at the low end of the
range and one at the high end. The way the algorithm works guarantees that every point you enter
is exact, with smoothly curved estimates between points. Some sensors are very non-linear, so it’s
good to get several points in your area of interest. The more entries made into the Calibration Array
the more accurate the sensor can be. A total of 15 entries are currently supported.
Installation Guide
Page 23 of 87
Calibration Array Data Entry
When entering the Sensor Calibration mode, a screen similar to the following screen will be displayed.
Use the up and down arrow to select the sensor you wish to calibrate. Each sensor corresponds to inputs
on analog 1, 2 or 3 connectors or to a reserved sensor.
To navigate about this screen use:
•
•
•
•
TAB key to moves from field to field
ESCAPE key to save changes and get back to the Command Shell Menu
Up Arrow / Down Arrow spin through selection choices (Sensor Name on this screen)
Backspace erases characters before the cursor
NOTE: Never power off the system while the calibration screen is displayed. This may corrupt your data.
Page 24 of 87
Installation Guide
Just TAB from field to field, type in the values you want and then touch ESCAPE when you’re done. Let’s
go through each section so you’ll be comfortable with what’s happening. Each sensor has a:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Damping %
Deadline
Deadline Type
Current Reading
AD Offset
Calibration Array
Load Preset
Input Range
Each of the above settings will be made for each of the various engine sensors attached to the EFIS/One.
Make the EFIS/One show the correct “Display Value” for each of the engine sensor you have selected. If
the Display Value is wrong here, it will be wrong in the Setup option and wrong on the Engine Display in the
EFIS/One’s normal display.
Damping %
EFIS/One samples each engine sensor about 10 times per second. Needles can jump around as fuel
sloshes or pressures pulsate in normal operation. This filter can be thought of as an average (well
actually it is a Butterworth low pass filter) of the last N points, which smoothes things out for display.
Numbers can be chosen between 0 and 1000, with higher numbers making the gauge more damped
and slower to respond. Since every airplane is different, we recommend starting with 50 to see if it
produces the results you like. 100 results in a 1 second time constant, and really is quite a lot of
damping.
Deadline
Deadlines allow us to establish a value which indicates the sensor has in some way failed. A resistive
sensor will read 4095 when open and 0 when shorted. If you are using a standard 240 Ohm sensor,
anything above 300 Ohms indicates a wire fell off. The same applies to voltage inputs and
thermocouples.
Use this feature to flag sensors which have failed. EFIS/One can then detect a sensor that may be
broken. A display value above or below the Deadline indicates a dead sensor. This will be displayed to
the pilot as three dashes “---“.
Deadline Type
Deadlines may be None, Min or Max indicating unused, below or above the Deadline value respectively.
•
•
A Min Deadline fails the sensor if the displayed value falls below it.
A Max Deadline fails the sensor if the displayed value is above it.
Current Reading
The EFIS/One calibrate program displays, in real time, the AD value being read from the selected
sensor/channel number. It then, also in real time, uses the Calibration Array and any AD offset, to
convert this AD value to a Display Value. This way as changes are made to the Calibration Array or AD
offset, the results are immediately obvious. Also, as the sensor itself changes, the Display Value result
also changes.
GS/LOC Good Flag
If the Glideslope Good and Localizer Good Flag are present while the GS and LOC sensors are
being calibrated, the flag status will be show next to the Current AD value.
Installation Guide
Page 25 of 87
TIP: As each sensor is hooked up, check out how the EFIS/One is going to interpret that sensor by
watching the reading in the “Current Reading” box.
AD Offset
Some sensors vary from batch to batch and with the length of wire installed. Use this entry to make a
correction to the incoming AD value without having to reenter the entire calibration array. The entry is
subtracted from the Current AD reading and the result is then used. For example, if your RPM is
reading slightly high, enter a small value in the AD Offset to get the RPM to decrease. Enter a small
negative number to the RPM to increase.
TIP: In general the Presets we provide for a sensor are correct but may need an adjustment with an AD
Value offset. Offsets bigger than 200 usually indicate something is wrong and should be corrected.
Load Preset
Blue Mountain Avionics provides a calibration array for many known sensors. If you have a sensor that
we have already calibrated, scroll through the choices to select the sensor and then select the “Load
Preset” button. This will populate the Calibration Array with know AD and Display Value pairs. You
should still check the sensor you have against the array to make sure it is reading correctly. For
example, if you have 40 PSI on a pressure sensor, is the EFIS/One also showing 40 (or close to it)? The
AD offset feature could be used to make small changes if necessary.
Calibration Array
The box labeled Current Reading at the top of the Calibration Array is a real time reading of what the
computer is reading (AD Value) and the real time conversion, using the Calibration Array, into a Display
Value. If there are no entries in the Calibration Array the Display Value will be the same as the AD
Value. As entries are made into the table the computer will start to calculate and display a value in the
“Display Value” box at the top of the table. Remember Display Value is what the Pilot will see.
TIP: If the Current AD Value is 0 or 4095 the sensor is probably not connected or is producing a value
(resistance or voltage) too high or to low for the A to D to read. A resistive channel with nothing
connected will read 4095, a voltage channel with nothing connected will read 0.
Example, Creating A Digital Voltmeter
Let’s check to make sure you understand how everything works, how to run through the Calibration screen,
and while you’re at it, checkout the A/D converters in the EFIS/One processor.
1. Using a male DB-25 connector for Analog 2, connect a wire from Pin 1 to Pin 13, which is channel
number 4, a voltage input. Solder a lead to Pin 3 to use as a ground. Pin 1 is a +4.5 to 5v output, and
Pin 13 is connected to voltage input on sensor 4. Channel 4 is a voltage input which accepts a voltage
from 0 to 10 volts. Some later units the voltage input is 0-30V.
2. Turn on the EFIS/One. Using a digital voltmeter as a reference, check the voltage between Pin 13 and
Pin 3 and write down the value on the voltmeter. It should be about 4.8 volts.
3. Use the Esc Key to get to the Command Shell menu and select Sensor Calibration. Now use the down
arrow key to select sensor 4.
4. Sensor or channel 4 reads from 0 to 10 volts, which corresponds to a range of 0 to 4095 possible AD
values. In other words, an AD value of 0 is 0 volts and an AD value of 4095 is 10 volts.
Each AD count is therefore = 10/4096 or 0.0024 Volts.
Page 26 of 87
Installation Guide
If Pin 3 is currently at 4.8V, the AD Value should be = input voltage/10 * 4096
Or 4.8/10 * 4096 = 1966.
If you are not getting between 1800 and 2048 (4.4V and 5.0V), stop and call support for help. We checked
the EFIS/One before it left the factory, so something happened and it must be repaired.
NOTE: The actual voltage of Pin may vary from 4.5 to 5.0 volts. Any other voltage indicates a possible
problem with your EFIS/One.
If you want to create a voltmeter from sensor/channel 4, enter the three (3) calibration points in your table:
AD Value
1
2048
4095
TIP:
Display Value
.0024
5
10
We didn’t enter zero A/D and zero Display as a value, since it gets ignored.
We set 2048 to 5 volts as we know the channel measure 10V at 4095 and it is linear.
We set 4095 to 10 volts.
We set 1 AD count to .0024 volts (which is 10 / 4095)
This channel is now calibrated as a precision voltmeter. Compare the EFIS/One Display Value with a volt
meter across pin 13 and pin 3. If the display is jumpy, just change the value of the Damping %.
To measure voltages higher than 10, such as aircraft battery voltage (either 13.8V or 27.2V) a voltage
divider must be used to reduce the voltage to between 0 and 10V. We’ll cover dividers later in this document
when we talk about voltage sensors.
Installation Guide
Page 27 of 87
F. Setup Screen
The Setup Option is used once you have calibrated your sensors and achieved the desired Display Value
and Calibration Array. Once this is done, use the Setup screen to:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Enter the Aircraft’s V speeds (in knots).
Select the Fuel Units and Source for Measuring Fuel Flow.
Select an Aircraft Icon.
Select AOA System, if installed (disabled in 2.15).
Select the use of Serial A
Configure how each sensor/engine gauge will be displayed to the pilot.
To get to this screen, plug your Programming Keyboard into the EFIS/One processor (CTRL MFD or CTRL
PFD). Apply power to the EFIS/One and wait for the normal flight display to show. Touch the ESCAPE key
to get out of the EFIS/One program to the Command Shell, and use the up and down arrows to select
Setup. Touch <Enter> to go into Setup. When all changes are complete, press the Esc key to exit Setup.
NOTE: Never power off the system while the setup screen is displayed. This may corrupt data.
Page 28 of 87
Installation Guide
Navigating the Setup screen is easy enough:
•
•
•
•
TAB moves from field to field
ESCAPE drops you back to the shell
Up Arrow / Down Arrow spin through selection choices (like Fuel Units)
Backspace erases characters before the cursor
Just TAB from field to field, type in the values you want and then touch ESCAPE when you’re done. Let’s
go through each section so you’ll be comfortable with what’s happening.
Airspeeds
Each of the V speeds above can be set to draw the proper colored arcs and prompts on your ASI tape.
Taking them one at a time:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Vx
Vy
Vs0
Vfe
Vs1
Vno
Vne
Best angle of climb and indicated on the speed tape for convenience.
Best rate of climb and is also indicated on the speed tape.
Stall speed in landing configuration.
Maximum flap extension speed.
Stall speed in cruise configuration.
Normal Operating speed.
Never exceed speed.
The colored arcs are indicated on the EADI (Electronic Attitude Indicator):
•
•
•
•
White Arc
Green Arc
Yellow Arc
Red Line
From Vs0 to Vfe -- Stall Dirty speed to Max flap speed.
From Vs1 to Vno -- Stall Clean speed to beginning of Yellow Arc.
From Vno to Vne
Vne and higher.
NOTE: Although the airspeed tape can be calibrated in MPH it is strongly recommended to use knots. This
is because wind speed calculations assume the airspeed is knots and will be inaccurate if it is not knots.
Also any speed data derived from the GPS receiver and displayed on the EADI and EHSI is also in knots. It
makes sense and is safer to keep everything in knots.
TIP: To convert miles per hour (statute, US) to knots (nautical, US): KNOTS = MPH / 1.151
Aircraft Parameters
Fuel Flow
Use the Up Arrow / Down Arrow to compute fuel flow from one or two fuel sources, labeled A and B.
Enter the sensor number which will be used for the A and B. Usually the sources for A and B are
one of the four frequency sensor inputs. These inputs are on channel/sensor 0, 13, 14 or 15.
Select Choices:
A - Use this option if you have on fuel flow sender and it is on the channel specified in the A box.
B - Use this option if you have on fuel flow sender and it is on the channel specified in the B box.
A+B or A-B. These selections allow you to easily compute fuel flow from a single sensor, or from
the sum or difference of two sensors. A common need for A-B is fuel injection loops with return
lines. A is the flow to the engine and B is the flow back to the tank.
Installation Guide
Page 29 of 87
Fuel units
Use the Up Arrow / Down Arrow to choose Gallons, Pounds Liters or Kilos. Of course, you should
have calibrated the Fuel Flow sensors in the same unit of measurement.
Serial A:
The Serial port on the back of the EFIS/One can be used for multiple purposes although only one
can be selected during setup. These choices are:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
None – Factory Default
Aerosance – FADEC Computer
PowerSport – FADEC Computer
Motec M48 – FADEC Computer
GPSS – GPSS Serial output message for third part Autopilt.
NMEA 0183 – GPS Message for external devices
UPS SL30
UPS SL40
I4 Serial – Custom Interface
Endeavour – Custom Interface
Additional Serial Ports Option
We now offer an option that adds four more serial ports to your system. This will enable you to add
new features to your EFIS as they become available. Especially useful now for those with FADEC
and a Garmin AT radio that communicates via serial connection..
Blue Mountain Avionics supports Aerosance and Powersport FADEC system in version 2.15
software. The FADEC computer that runs your engine can usually transfer data about engine
parameters to the EFIS/One for display as a gauge. This avoids the need for duplicate sensors on
the engine for many parameters such as oil pressure, fuel flow, etc. See the Appendix C for details
about each FADEC type and the data it can provide.
TIP: You can still use all the 16 analog engine inputs if you select FADEC. This provides the ability
to get more than 16 gauges with the standard EFIS/One (no Analog 3 option).
AOA Type
Choose one of the following:
•
•
PSS - Proprietary Systems
None
Airplane Icons
Customize the look of the EFIS/One display with an aircraft symbol of your choice. The following
graphics are available in 2.15
F22 – Some of you guys must have one of these.
RV
Cozy.
Page 30 of 87
Installation Guide
Lancair
Now, if you want something different, just email us your icon and we will try to include it in the next
release. The specification for the bitmap is as follow:
We need two bitmaps:
Large bitmap is 50 by 50 pixels, 24 bits per pixel.
Small bitmap is 25 by 25 pixels, 24 bits per pixel.
Black (RBG 0,0,0) will be shown as transparent.
To get black lines in your Icon, use an RGB value of 1, 1, 1.
Course Leader.
The course leader line is drawn on the moving map as a black line and extends out from the aircraft
to where you will be in a certain number of minutes. Set the number of minutes here. If you choose
“Track Up” in the SET window, the pointer will always point to the top of the screen. It may not
always be directly in front of the aircraft since we take crosswind into account. Just put the end of
the black line on where you want to go and the plane will be there in the number of minutes entered
here.
Engine Gauges
The EFIS/One supports up to 16 engine gauges as standard and 32 with an optional card. The additional
16 channels (A/D inputs) are needed for engines with 6 or more cylinders, or twin engines.
Engine gauges will be displayed to the pilot when:
1.
2.
3.
4.
The pilot pushes the inner knob on the Bezel. Push again to dismiss.
An engine gauge reaches the defined Redline.
An engine gauge has exceeded its max rate of change.
Or if the pilot has dismissed the gauges after event 2 or 3 above and five minutes have passed with the
gauge still out of tolerance
EHSI Engine Gauges
Two engine sensors can be displayed in the lower left corner of the EHSI. Normally it makes sense
to choose Manifold Pressure and RPM for piston aircraft and ITT and N1 for a turbine aircraft.
These two sensors are always visible and don’t require the engine gauges to be displayed to see
them.
Sensor Channels and Ranges
The first two sensors are defaulted to RPM and Manifold Pressure, although you can make them
anything you like. The Engine Gauge screen has room for eight gauges per row and a total of four
rows. This screen assigns what you want each gauge to be called, its input source, and in what
position it will be displayed.
Installation Guide
Page 31 of 87
The screen lets you configure each line (1-4) of gauges at a time. Use the box that shows Line 1
and change it to Line 2 / Line 3 / Line 4 by using the up and down arrow keys. This brings up a
page of eight (8) positions for you to put in whatever gauges you like and where you want them.
The image above represents an example configuration for a 4 cylinder engine. Line 1 and Line 2
definitions were completed to create this screen. A gauge can be left unused to create spacing if
you prefer. The Last Sensor on Line 1 was left unused in the example.
Below are the two Setup screens that created the above example.
Line 1 First 8 gauges
Page 32 of 87
Installation Guide
Line 2, second row of gauges.
Each gauge has a hardware Channel Number or FADEC input assigned along with values for Title,
Fuel, Min, Max, Nearest, Max Rate, Redline, and Redline Type.
If a channel is dedicated to something inside the EFIS/One, or hardwired for a specific use, the
default name will appear to the right of the sensor number. If you wish to change this, just type what
you want in the two boxes to the right. For example, RPM is usually a high frequency input and
used for monitoring RPM. However, in some cases, the high frequency inputs are used for fuel flow
and hence you would re-label this “Fuel Flow” in the two boxes provided. Each gauge has two label
boxes and each box will allow up to four characters.
The first two boxes are for the Source and Channel you want this gauge to display. Source can be
a Sensor (used for all Analog 1, 2 and 3 connections), FADEC, or None.
Channel is the EFIS/One hardware sensor/channel you are assigning to this gauge position.
Channels are detailed in the Input Channel Map.
Fuel checkbox
The checkbox next to the sensor name indicates that this is a fuel tank to be measured before
takeoff. Checking this box includes this sensor as a tank level in the initial fuel calculations for the
“Fuel Onboard” which is displayed in the settings screen. See Pilot’s Guide.
Min
The smallest value you want displayed – bottom of the bar graph
Max
The largest value you want displayed – top of the bar graph
Installation Guide
Page 33 of 87
Nearest
Round off a gauge readout to nearest NN units. For example fuel can be rounded to the nearest
gallon, RPM to the nearest 2 revolutions, EGT to the nearest 10 degrees, etc. Since this is a digital
instrument, it can be “too” precise. There’s no sense in watching a sensor jitter because you’re
displaying more precision than is necessary.
Type
In version 2.16 or later, gauges can now be displayed as either a “dial” or “tape”. Try each type out
and see what is best for you. Tape displays are good for EGT/CHT’s as it is easy make a quick
visual comparison possible.
Max Rate
Maximum rate per minute that this gauge can move without popping up an alert. Great to watch for
shock cooling, and dropping pressures. If the engine gauge reaches this rate, all gauges will be
displayed and the name of the out of limit gauge will flash in yellow.
Redline
The value above which the gauge is shown as red. If the engine gauge reaches this value, all
gauges will be displayed and the name of the out of limit gauge will flash in red.
Redline Type
Redline can be Min, Max or None. Typically fuel level gauges have a Min redline, oil temperature
has a max redline, while some gauges, such as a manifold pressure gauge in a fixed pitch prop and
without a turbocharger, may not need a redline at all.
Example Sensor Setup
The sensor is called “Fuel Flow” Min is 5.
Max is 18.
Nearest is 1
Max Rate is 0
Redline is 18
Redline type is a Max
Page 34 of 87
Sensor names can be up to 8 characters, 4 on each line
The bar will start at 5
The top of the bar is 20 gallons/hours
Round to nearest 1. (Who wants decimals)?
No alert.
Start flashing when Fuel Flow exceeds 18 gals/hour
Above 18 will be red.
Installation Guide
In this example, Sensors 7 and 18 are Fuel L and Fuel R tank levels.
Min in not set.
Max is set to 60
Nearest is set to 1
Max Rate
Redline is 5.0
Tanks don’t hold more than that.
Round to the nearest 1
Not used
5.0 and is a Minimum Level.
NOTE: the Checkbox next to these gauges indicates that this tank is to be measured before takeoff
for fuel totalizer calculations. This happens when “Pressing” the Fuel Onboard button in the settings
page of the EFIS/One system software.
Gauge Layout Considerations
Think about how you want your gauges to appear in the pop-up screen. You can arrange them any
way you like including making blank spaces by setting Sensor types to “None” as discussed above.
It makes for a quick scan if you choose your active ranges to put each gauge in the middle of its
range when all is well. A quick look straight across is all you need.
Documenting your Settings with SETPRINT.
A new utility has been added in version 2.16 or later which takes your configuration and calibration data in
the EFIS/One and creates a text file which can then be printed on another computer. To create this file, run
the SETPRINT command from the Command Shell menu item. The SETPRINT program will create the file
SETTINGS.TXT. Transfer this file to your PC and print it out. This will create a paper record of most of the
EFIS/One settings.
Installation Guide
Page 35 of 87
G. Creating Checklists
The Checklist Maintenance feature on the Command Shell menu is quite straightforward. The screen is
pretty simple to follow – use the arrow keys to move around, and touch Enter to push the buttons on-screen
for New, Delete and Save. That’s all there is to it.
Select New to Enter a New Checklist.
Type in a Title for your new checklist and then enter each checklist item in the boxes below the title.
TIP: If you are proficient with computers you can edit each checklist with a text editor. Each checklist is
stored in a separate file starting with the following name: CHKLIST.000, the next file is CHKLIST.001 and so
on. These are text files. The first line in the file is the Title, followed by each checklist item on a separate
line.
Page 36 of 87
Installation Guide
Sensor Types
The A to D conversion in the EFIS/One provide 12 bits of precision for all 32 inputs. Inputs are mapped to
pins on the DB-37, DB-25 and DB44HD connectors labeled Analog 1, Analog 2 and Analog 3 respectively.
The optional Analog 3 card provides an additional eight (8) type K thermocouple inputs and eight (8) 0 –
10vdc voltage inputs.
Available Sensor Inputs
These channels can be assigned to whatever sensor you wish and can appear as part of the Engine Gauge
Display.
AD Channel
0
4,5,7
13
14
15
18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25
26,27,28,29,30,31
32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39
40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47
Type
Low Frequency Input A, Normal used for Fuel Flow A. 0 -220 Hz.
Three 3 Voltage inputs 0-10 volts DC
On some newer processors, channels 4 and 5 can measure 0-30V.
High Frequency Input A, Normal used for RPM 220-2200 Hz
High Frequency Input B, Normal used for RPM 220-2200 Hz
Low Frequency Input B, Normal used for Fuel Flow B. 0 -220 Hz.
8 Resistance or voltage inputs.
Jumper sets channel for:
0 to 500 Ohms
500 to 5000 Ohms
or
0 to 1.67 Volts DC (No Jumper, factory shipped)
Six (6) Thermocouple inputs Type K Recommended.
Eight (8) Thermocouple inputs, (OPTIONAL Analog 3 Card)
Eight (8) Voltage inputs
0 – 10 Volts DC (OPTIONAL Analog 3 Card)
Any resistive input can be converted to read a voltage (0 – 1.67vdc) by not installing a jumper on that
channel. The above table shows how EFIS/One is configured out-of-the-box.
TIP: Any voltage can be measured by using a voltage divider to reduce the voltage to either 0-10 volts for 01.67 volts. If you need help with the values of the two resistors, please contact BMA.
Installation Guide
Page 37 of 87
Standard - Input Channel Map
This map shows where every sensor is connected, to which channel inside the EFIS/One and to what pin on
which connector. Wiring details for each connector are in tables in Appendix C. The optional, Analog 3 card
inputs are not shown here.
AD
Channel
Analog 1
Pin
Number
22
Analog 2
Pin Number
23
19,25
35
14,24,27,30
0
I=Input
O=Output
Description
Type
I
Glideslope GOOD
O
O
O
Glideslope signal
is flyable if this
pin > 250 mV
Localizer signal
is flyable if this
pin is > 250 mV
+5v
+12v
Ground
O
Low Freq A
Yaw – Reserved
Roll – Reserved
Pitch – Reserved
Voltage 1
Frequency 0-220 Hz.
Normally used for fuel flows
Internal Use Only
Internal Use Only
Internal Use Only
Voltage input, 0-10V
or 0-30V
Voltage input , 0-10V
or 0-30V
OAT sensor yellow wire.
Voltage input, 0-10V Only
Internal AOA sensor and
port
Internal MP sensor and port
I
1,14
2,15
3,16,17,18,19
,20
7
1
2
3
4
13
n/a
n/a
n/a
I
5
12
I
Voltage 2
6
7
8
23
11
I
I
Pneumatic
Input
Pneumatic
Input
13
9
I
OAT - Reserved
Voltage 3
AOA Sensor
Reserved
Manifold
Pressure
Or Your Choice
Altimeter –
Reserved
Airspeed –
Reserved
G Meter Reserved
High Freq A
14
10
I
High Freq B
21
Low Freq B
+Glideslope UP
-Glideslope
DOWN
-Localizer LEFT
+Localizer
RIGHT
9
10
Pneumatic
Input
Pneumatic
Input
n/a
11
12
15
16
16
4
3
I
I
I
17
17
5
29
I
I
Page 38 of 87
Installation Guide
Localizer GOOD
Internal Alt sensor and port
Internal AS sensor and port
Internal
Frequency from 200-2000
Hz
Frequency from 200-2000
Hz
Frequency from 0-220 Hz
+GS signal form radio
-GS signal from radio
-Localizer signal from radio
+Localizer signal from radio
AD
Channel
18
Analog 1
Pin
Number
6
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
26
27
27
28
28
29
29
30
30
31
31
7
26
8
9
28
10
11
36
17
18
37
15
33
34
16
31
12
13
32
Analog 2
Pin Number
I=Input
O=Output
Description
Type
I
User R1
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
User R2
User R3
User R4
User R5
User R6
User R7
User R8
Thermocouple +
Thermocouple +
Thermocouple +
Thermocouple +
Thermocouple +
Thermocouple +
-
Resistive input
0-500 Ohms or 500-5000K
0-500 Ohms or 500-5000K
0-500 Ohms or 500-5000K
0-500 Ohms or 500-5000K
0-500 Ohms or 500-5000K
0-500 Ohms or 500-5000K
0-500 Ohms or 500-5000K
0-500 Ohms or 500-5000K
Thermocouple input 1
Thermocouple input 1
Thermocouple input 2
Thermocouple input 2
Thermocouple input 3
Thermocouple input 3
Thermocouple input 4
Thermocouple input 4
Thermocouple input 5
Thermocouple input 5
Thermocouple input 6
Thermocouple input 6
Jumper Settings for Resistive Sensors
Resistive sensors can be connected on channels 18 through 25 and come in one of two ranges:
1. < 500 Ohms
2. 500 – 5000 Ohms
NOTE: Without any jumper installed the above channels are resistive in type and will measure 0-1.67V.
When shipped from the factory, there are no jumpers installed.
AD
Channel
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Jumper to insert for 5500 Ohms
G2
G4
G6
G8
G10
G12
G14
G16
Jumpers to insert for 500 –
500-5000 Ohms
G1
G3
G5
G7
G9
G11
G13
G15
To set a Jumper, remove the EFIS/One CPU top cover and push a shorting jumper (supplied) onto the
appropriate pins (check the above chart). Here’s where the jumpers are found on top of the board:
NOTE: Do not install both jumpers at the same time for a single channel, i.e. do not install both G10 and G9.
Installation Guide
Page 39 of 87
There are no jumpers installed in the picture and you can clearly see the jumper names in white labeled on
the board.
TIP: Write down the serial number of the airdata board. This is the same with the jumpers as shown above.
Voltage Inputs
Voltage sensors (channels 4, 5 and 7) will read a voltage from 0 -10 volts. New processors will read 0-30
Volts on channels 4 and 5. Zero volts produce an A/D count of 0, and 10 (or 30) volts produce an A/D count
of 4095.
NOTE: Please remember that aircraft electrical systems are 12 volts, which usually measures around 13.8
volts when being charged. If you want to measure buss voltage use a voltage divider if required. A voltage
divider is not needed on processors that can measure 0-30 Volts on channels 4.5.
Voltage Divider
Connect a pair of 10,000 Ohm resistors in series to cut
the buss voltage in half to measure voltage. Connect the
top of the divider to your aircraft voltage bus, the center
tap to the Voltage channel of your choice (channel 4, 5 or
7) and the bottom to ground. You will then be able to
cover the entire range of your 12V electrical system.
TIP: Remember Ohm’s Law? Volts = Amps * Ohms or
V=IR
A divider with a pair of resistors R1 and R2 produce a
voltage Vout at the junction given a voltage across them
both V1:
Vout = V1 * [ R2 / (R1 + R2) ]
Example: Say R1=20k and R2=10k then, R2/ (R1+R2) = 10k / (20k+10k) = 1/3V
This will take a Vin= 5 volts and make it 5/3 or about 1.6667 volts. That's the same as you'd need
for a 5v sensor going into a resistive channel with no jumper.These values are also great for a 24
Volt System.
Page 40 of 87
Installation Guide
Current Measurement
Amperage may be measured using a toroidal (doughnut type) current sensor. BMA has
these sensors available. These sensors require 12 volts from the EFIS/One and are
connected to any voltage input as the small circuit converts current into a voltage output.
The range of the BMA sensors is +/- 100 amps. The sensor is sized for a #2 (or smaller)
wire.
TIP: If you pass two wires through the sensor, it will measure the sum!
CHT and EGT
There are six (6) differential inputs available that are intended for Type K thermocouples. Use ungrounded
thermocouples available from us. Most EGT problems are caused by ground loops, in the wiring of an
aircraft.
BMA also supplies a resistive type CHT sensor that works on our resistive channels. See the recommended
sensor list. If you need more than six (6) thermocouples, you can order the optional daughter card to add up
to 16 more channels. This card has 8 thermocouple and 8 voltage inputs. Builders with six or more cylinder
engines will need this card.
TIP: Testing or calibrating thermocouples can sometimes be difficult as they output such low voltages. A
useful device called a “Thermocouple-to-Analog Converter” can be purchased. This device allows you to
connect to a thermocouple and a standard digital voltmeter and then read the temperature directly on your
voltmeter as milliamps. So, a temperature of 905 degrees would show 0.905 volts. These converters can
be purchased from Newport, model # TAC80B-K/N. See www.newportus.com for further details.
Fuel, Oil, Coolant and Hydraulic Pressure
We now supply an excellent pressure sensor and HIGHLY recommend it’s use. It is an active sensor with a
very high quality case. One sensor will work on most applications.
Fuel Flow Measurement & K Factor.
Spinning wheel fuel flow sensors have a “K Factor” that determines their calibration. The K factor is simply
the number of pulses per gallon (or liter etc.) that is output by the sensor. So, if your engine burns 10 GPH
maximum and the fuel flow sensor has a K factor of 28,333 then:
Maximum pulses per hour = 10 * 28,333 or 280,330
To get frequency just divide by 3600 (the number of seconds per hour)
Frequency = 280330/3600 or = 77 Hz.
77 Hz fits in the range of our low frequency (< 220 Hz) input.
The FloScan 264PB-15 fuel flow sensor has a K factor of 47,300. This corresponds to a pulse train of 39Hz
at 3 GPH and a pulse train of 131 Hz at 10 GPH and can be used on the low frequency inputs (0-220 Hz) for
smaller, carbureted engines like the Rotax. The 201B puts out 28,333 pulses per gallon and is just the thing
for engines that use no more than 27 GPH. Use the Floscan 231 for engines up to 40 GPH. The 231
outputs20,000 pulses per gallon (K-Factor).
Installation Guide
Page 41 of 87
Flow Sensor
Flowscan 201B
Flowscan 231
E.I FT 180
K Factor
28,333
20,000
22,400
Maximum Readable GPH
28
40
200
See www.floscan.com for details on the Floscan sensors.
NOTE: The maximum EFIS/One readable GPH is for the low frequency inputs, channels 0 and 15.
Fuel systems with Facet type diaphragm pumps and carburetors can produce pulsating fuel flows. For
accurate results with these systems we recommend the 264-PB-15, which has an integral pulsation
dampener. These are specifically designed for carbureted engines with Facet pumps.
Install the fuel flow sensor with the wire leads pointed UP to assure that the turbine rotor is totally immersed
in fuel. For maximum accuracy at low flow rates the sensor should be mounted on a horizontal surface.
See the Floscan Web site for all you ever wanted to know about these types of sensors.
Wire the three terminals on the sensor as follows: The Red lead gets its power from the EFIS/One, the
Black lead is a ground from the EFIS/One and the White lead is the pulse train output back to the EFIS/One.
NOTE: The ability to measure flow rate is a combination of the sensors K factor and the maximum frequency
of the EFIS/One input it is connected to. The low frequency inputs will measure from 4 to 220Hz and the
high frequency from 220 to 2200Hz.
Fuel Flow for Turbines
If you are flying a turbine, we recommend an Electronics International FT 180. It has a range of 5 – 200
GPH and has a K factor of 22,400. Use it on channel 13 or 14.
L39 owners usually fly a Flow Technologies (www.ftimeters.com) FT8-8AEX LEAH4 sensor. This flow
transducer has a K factor of 16,000 but should be used on our high frequency input since the fuel flow
never drops below 50GPH. An L39 burns about 60GPH at idle and 250GPH during climb, so it also
works well on the high frequency inputs on channels 13 or 14.
Page 42 of 87
Installation Guide
RPM Sensors for Lycoming and Continental Engines
The Westach 303DH2T is an open collector device that expects 5 volt power and a pull-up resistor. It
screws on the Lycoming tachometer drive, outputs two pulses per revolution, and can be connected to one
of the Low Frequency channels usually used for Fuel Flow sensors. Low Frequency B is assigned to
Channel 15 (Analog 2, Pin 21), and is usually unused. Connect the Westach sensor as follows:
Westach Wire
White
RED
Black
Analog 2 Pin #
21
1 or 14
3,16,17,18 or 20
Use
Frequency
5 Volts
Ground
Westach also offers a sensor that plugs into the magneto vent plug and outputs a pulse train that can also
be read on channel 15. Model 720-14R is for Slick Mags and model 720-14RB is for Bendix mags.
IMPORTANT: You must wire a 6.8K Ohm, ¼” watt, resistor from the WHITE to the RED wire as a pull-up.
The Low Frequency channels on the EFIS/One measure from 0-220Hz. On average 11.4 AD counts is
equal to 1Hz
1 Pulse per Revolution
2 Pulses per Revolution
3 Pulses per Revolution
A/D
RPM
FREQ
A/D
RPM
FREQ
A/D
RPM
FREQ
95
500
8.3
189
500
16.6
285
500
25
190
1000
16.7
380
1000
33.3
570
1000
50
285
1500
25.0
570
1500
50.0
855
1500
75
380
2000
33.3
759
2000
66.6
1140
2000
100
475
2500
41.7
950
2500
83.3
1425
2500
125
580
3000
50.0
1140
3000
100
1710
3000
150
NOTE: A strobe type propeller tachometer should always be used to verify your calibration array. Make
adjustments as necessary.
TIP: Cardinal Electronics sell a great propeller tachometer, which can be used to precisely adjust the RPM
Calibration in the EFIS/One. See http://www.proptach.com/ for further details.
Installation Guide
Page 43 of 87
RPM & Electronic Ignition Systems
There are a number of Electronic Ignitions systems available for aircraft engines including those made by:
Light Speed Engineering
ElectroAir, Inc.
Unison Lasar
http://www.lsecorp.com/Products/Ignition.htm
(Jeff Rose) at 423 622-8825
http://www.unisonindustries.com/products/ignition.html
These systems will output 2 or more pulses for each revolution of the engine. The pulse wire can be passed
to a low frequency channel, either A or B, on the EFIS/One
The Lasar 2+ or higher also outputs an analog 0 – 3vdc signal to represent RPM. This linear voltage output
could be measured by the EFIS/One and mapped into an RPM display.
RPM & Proximity Sensors
The EFIS/One frequency counters can be driven with a proximity sensor that outputs a pulse train as the
engine or propeller rotates. Westach has a sensor for this purpose, model 720-4A. You should mount the
sensor to generate two or three pulses per revolution of the propeller.
RPM Sensors for Turbine, Wankel and Auto Engines
The high frequency input is normally used for RPM or fuel flow transducers. These inputs look for a TTL
level (5 volt) pulse train and can measure from about 100-4.8kHz. Convert the number of pulses per
revolution to RPM and use the chart below. On average, use 65 AD counts per 100Hz. This is useful for
Tracy Crook’s EC2 Mazda injection system, among others.
4 Pulses per Revolution
A/D
RPM
FREQ
22
500
33.3
43
1000
66.7
65
1500
100.0
87
2000
133.3
108
2500
166.7
130
3000
200.0
152
3500
233.3
173
4000
266.7
195
4500
300.0
217
5000
333.3
5 Pulses per Revolution
A/D
RPM
FREQ
27
500
41.7
54
1000
83.3
81
1500
125.0
108
2000
166.7
135
2500
208.3
163
3000
250.0
190
3500
291.7
217
4000
333.3
244
4500
375.0
271
5000
416.7
6 Pulses per Revolution
A/D
RPM
FREQ
33
500
50.0
65
1000
100.0
98
1500
150.0
130
2000
200.0
163
2500
250.0
195
3000
300.0
228
3500
350.0
260
4000
400.0
293
4500
450.0
325
5000
500.0
Angle of Attack (AOA) Sensor
BMA offers the Proprietary Systems hardware and has licensed the patented AOA technology which is
incorporate into the EFIS/One system software. Just connect the upper and lower wing ports to the
pneumatic ports provided on the EFIS/One and select the type of AOA in the SETTINGS page.
Version 2.15 System software does not include a released version of the AOA system.
TIP: Pin 13 of the Encoder port is used for flap position indication or the AOA software.
Page 44 of 87
Installation Guide
Pneumatic Sensors
Five pneumatic airdata sensors are provided inside the EFIS/One. They should be connected to:
•
•
•
•
Pitot
Static
Manifold pressure
Angle of Attack, top and bottom
Make sure you put a drip loop and filter in the lines, and follow standard aircraft practice in plumbing the
sensors. If the sensors get flooded with water they will read inaccurately, which can be dangerous.
TIP: The pneumatic connectors on the EFIS/One are high quality, oxygen rated connectors. If you need
replacement inserts or different sizes call BMA. These connectors are also available from Colder Products
at 651-645-0091. The “body” which is mounted in the EFIS/One connector panel is part # PMC1602 and the
straight insert is PMC2202. Various size inserts and angles are available. See
http://www.colder.com/asp_productoverviews/pmc_series.asp
Airspeed
EFIS/One system must be calibrated every two (2) years for IFR operation just like any other pitot/static
aircraft system. When the EFIS/One is shipped the airspeed will be calibrated but should be recalibrated
once installed in your aircraft. Please have an avionics shop help with this task. To calibrate the ASI (air
speed indicator), have the avionics shop hook up their equipment just as they would for a mechanical ASI.
Use the Calibration option on the Command Shell Menu, select sensor 11 which is Airspeed. Have the
technician read off airspeeds to you, IN KNOTS. As they give you each airspeed reading in knots, enter the
Current Reading for AD in the left column of the Calibration Array and the Airspeed, in knots, in the right
column. Make more entries closer to the important speeds, especially around stall speed. There are 15
entries that can be made to the table. You should record the old and new data in the table below.
Shipped
A/D Value
(knots)
Shipped
Airspeed
Your
A/D Value
Installation Guide
Your
Airspeed (knots)
Page 45 of 87
Altimeter
EFIS/One system must be calibrated every two (2) years for IFR operation just like any other pitot/static
aircraft system. When the EFIS/One is shipped the altimeter will be calibrated but should be recalibrated
once installed in your aircraft. Please have an avionics shop help with this task. To calibrate the altimeter,
have the avionics shop hook up their equipment just as they would for a regular mechanical altimeter. Use
the Calibration option on the Command Shell Menu, select sensor 12 which is Altimeter. Have the
technician read off altitudes to you. As they give you each reading, enter the Current Reading for AD in the
left column of the Calibration Array and the Altitude in the right column. There are 15 entries that can be
made to the table. You should record the old and new data in the table below.
Shipped
A/D Value
(knots)
Shipped
Airspeed
Your
A/D Value
Your
Airspeed (knots)
NOTE: The altimeter must calibrated at 29.92”
TIP: Use the new SETPRINT command in version 2.16 to create a record of all EFIS/One calibration data
and settings.
Manifold Pressure
Manifold pressure is normally calibrated in Inches of Hg. The Preset curve will work fine for normal MP
readings.
NOTE: Some earlier EFIS/One’s contained a differential sensor for the manifold pressure sensor. You may
need to change the setting of the “Correct MP to Absolute” (on the Setup menu) from No to Yes.
Page 46 of 87
Installation Guide
Magneto-resistive Compass
The magneto-resistive compass has a serial digital communications link which connects to a DB9 on the
EFIS/One. The sensor must be mounted clear of magnetic influences, like wiring, radios, and ferrous
materials. You can run the cable up to 150 feet, so out on the wing or in the tail cone is a great place for it.
If there’s active wiring within two feet it’ll read wrong, just like any compass, so pick your spot carefully!
NOTE: This device needs to be installed level, plumb and along the line of flight like a gyro. You must also
use non-ferrous, non-magnetic mounting hardware. Brass or nylon screws or good two-sided tape work well.
If the EFIS/One processor box cannot be installed level in the aircraft, the magnetometer should match the
processor box in all 3 axes.
BMA recommends the following procedure to mount and check the magnetometer:
1. Connect the magnetometer to the EFIS/One processor with a cable long enough to reach the floor under
your airplane. Make sure it is working and painting numbers when you swing the sensor back and forth.
2. Chock your wheels and make sure the airplane is level fore and aft and left to right.
3. Install the magnetometer level fore and aft, left to right.
4. Verify that all combinations of electrical loads don’t affect the reading – try Nav lights, strobes, fuel
pumps, run the engine. The best place for this device is out in the wing or canard (if so equipped). RV
owners may want to mount theirs under the empennage fairing. Remember, it’s sensitive!
TIP: Hangar structure or rebar in a concrete floor will affect the magnetometer. Make certain there is no
magnetic interference in the area you intend to use to mount the magnetometer.
Installation Guide
Page 47 of 87
Glideslope and Localizer
The Garmin/AT SL30 and CNX80 can be connected via Serial interface to provide very complete radio
integration with your EFIS that is discussed in this manual in the section on the SL30. Other radios are
connected by Analog signals as shown below.
Glideslope
The signal from your Glideslope receiver will need to be connected to this high impedance input of the
EFIS/One. If you are not sure how to do this, get the help of an avionics shop. The EFIS/One is expecting
the standard Up/Down and Left/Right differential signals that are -150mv to +150mv. The EFIS/One will
interpret the GS Good flag as good when the voltage goes over 250mV. Like all sensors, Glideslope needs
to be calibrated on the Calibration screen sensor 16.
There only needs to be two entries in the Calibration Array. One for needle full up and one for needle full
down. The display value for full up is 100 and -100 for full down. Use a signal generator and your radio
(avionics shops can do this) to generate a full up and full down signal. Use the Calibration Menu option,
select sensor 16 and have the avionics technician generate a full up deflection signal. Enter the Current AD
value in the calibration array and to its right enter the Display Value of 100. Do the same for full down and
enter -100 in the Display Value column.
TIP: BMA has available a small external circuit to convert the differential outputs for the Glideslope Good
flag into a ground and GS good flag for use with the EFIS/One with airdata boards prior to Rev 11. Some
radios require this adapter if the GS/Loc signals are hooked up and the needles will not display, or if the
needles are always displayed and don’t disappear when they should. Rev 11 airdata boards or later do not
need this adapter.
Localizer
The signal from your Localizer receiver will need to be connected to this high impedance input of the
EFIS/One. If you are not sure how to do this, get the help of an avionics shop. The EFIS/One is expecting
the standard Left/Right signal that is -150mv to +150mv. The EFIS/One will interpret the Localizer flag as
good when the voltage goes over 250mV. Like all sensors, Localizer needs to be calibrated on the
Calibration screen sensor 17.
There only needs to be two entries in the Calibration Array. One entry for full left needle and one for full right
needle is required. The display value for full right is 100 and -100 for left. Use a signal generator and your
radio (avionics shops can do this) to generate a full left and full right signal. Use the Calibration Menu
option, select sensor 17 and have the avionics technician generate a full right deflection signal. Enter the
Current AD value in the calibration array and to its right enter the Display Value of 100. Do the same for full
left and enter -100 in the Display Value column.
TIP: Some older EFIS/One’s (Prior to Rev 11 of the air data board) did not have differential inputs for the
flags. This may cause a problem with flag indication with some radios. If this is the case, BMA has
available a small external circuit board to convert the differential outputs for the Localizer Good flag into a
ground and Localizer Good flag for use with the EFIS/One.
Page 48 of 87
Installation Guide
Radio Signal
Glideslope +
Glideslope Localizer Left
Localizer Right
GS Flag +
GS Flag Loc Good +
Loc Good -
EFIS/One Analog 1 Pin
4
3
5
29
22
21
24
23
If the external adapter is required to recognize the GS/Loc flag use the following wiring information.
Do not use this board if your airdata board is Rev 11 or later (it’s the top board inside the EFIS/One).
From Radio
GS Flag + Pin 1
GS Flag – Pin 2
Loc Flag + Pin 3
Loc Flag – Pin 4
TB1 Pin
1
2
3
4
EFIS/One Analog 1
GS Flag + Pin 22
Loc Flag + Pin 23
+12V Pin 35
Ground Pin 27
TB2 Pin
1
2
3
4
NOTE: The 4 pin DIN rail on the left is TB1 (from the radio) and the 4 Pin on the right, TB2, goes to the
Analog 1 pins on the EFIS/One.
OAT
Outside Air Temperature is measured using the supplied sensor. Place this sensor where it will read
accurately, and is not in direct sunlight. OAT is used to compute Density Altitude as well as for display. The
sensor requires +5 volts and should be wired to one of the supply pins on the Analog 2 connector to supply
the +5 and ground. Mount the sensor where it will be in the incoming air stream and won’t be heated by the
engine, exhaust, or the sun. Just inside the leading edge of a scoop works well.
Sensor
Yellow – Signal
Black – Ground
Red - +5V
Analog 2, Pin
23
3
14
Just select the OAT sensor Preset for the Calibration Array to set channel 6, the OAT Sensor.
NOTE: Do not use channel 6 for anything else and always calibrate in centigrade as the EFIS/One uses the
OAT to calculate TAS and Density Altitude. The 5 volt positive on A2 pin 14 for the OAT must also not be
used for anything else.
Anything below –50 degrees C is clearly a dead sensor. It is recommended to set a Deadline at –51
degrees C to indicate that the sensor is open. The above chart will be accurate to +/- 2 degrees C without
any further measuring. You can always calibrate the sensor against a known standard if you want but it’s
not really necessary.
Installation Guide
Page 49 of 87
Preflight System Checkout
Once the EFIS/One is configured and wired and before we taxi out and fly, it’s important to check the
EFIS/One system out completely just as you would any over system on the aircraft. The difference between
an installation that works the first time and one that takes days to debug is right here in this checkout stage.
Let’s run through the checkout processes.
1. Verify Heading indicates correctly and that the magnetometer is mounted away from ferrous metals and
is solidly mounted.
2. Rig the airplane level in all axes and let the EFIS/One come up to temperature for 15 minutes, minimum.
Set the AHRS to level by selecting “Set Level” on the settings menu (SET on the bezel). This will
correct any small tilt errors in your installation and dial your EFIS/One in to zero/zero level with your
airframe.
3. Check your Pitot and Static connections for leaks and verify that they are working to your satisfaction.
4. Run through each engine gauge against a known reference to check the instrument and the EFIS/One
display.
5. Verify that engine gauge redlines appear when you wish them.
6. Verify that fuel flows and fuel levels are accurate. Running out of fuel really ruins your day.
First Flight Checkout
On the first flight of the aircraft, please ignore everything except airspeed and altimeter. Fly the airplane at
least five times before being concerned about all the features of the EFIS/One. Once you have established
that the machine will fly, that the aircraft is reliable and safe then it is time to “play” with all the things the
EFIS/One can do. Some things you might consider verifying early in your test plan might include:
1. Airspeed indicator vs. groundspeed, remember wind and density altitude have to be taken into account.
2. Altimeter vs. known altimeter. Two altimeters will always disagree, but make sure they are close.
3. Fuel levels in-flight vs. on the ground. Get a feeling for how much the sensors are off due to angle of
attack and flight dynamics.
4. Make sure the attitude display agrees with the aircraft’s attitude.
5. If you have backup instruments, which are always recommended, compare the EFIS/One against the
backups. Any major discrepancy should be evaluated and if necessary rectified.
TIP: Download the EFIS log file (EFIS.CSV) to get all the data you need to analyze your test flights. It’s
really very useful. Instructions are contained with the Pilot’s Guide for 2.15
Page 50 of 87
Installation Guide
Updating from DVD/CD/FLASH
Every 28 days a new CD is shipped with the latest data terrain, obstructions, radio frequencies and new
airport locations. To update the EFIS/One to the newest release
NOTE: Make sure your battery is fully charged as you don’t want a power failure during this process. If the
power does fail during the update process you may have to return it for service.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Power up the EFIS/One
Plug in your Programming Keyboard and touch Escape
Insert new DVD, face up.
Select Command Shell from the menu.
When the “C” prompt is displayed, type D:UPDATE and touch Enter key.
Wait for the process to complete.
When you are back at the “C” prompt, remove the EFIS/One System DVD/CD, power down and
restart.
If you have a system without the 1GB upgrade (systems delivered after May 2003 all have the upgrade) you
should re-insert the terrain disk.
Downloading Data To A Computer
The EFIS/One has an Ethernet port labeled “Data”. This Ethernet port can be used to transfer data from the
EFIS/One to your computer. Carefully follow the steps below. If you do not have fairly good computer skills,
please find a friend that can help you. This will save you a great deal of time and frustration.
•
First you will need the correct cable between your laptop/computer and the EFIS/One. Your laptop
computer will also need an Ethernet port. A 10baseT “Cross Over” Ethernet cable between your
Laptop and the EFIS/One processor is required. If you have a network hub, a standard 10baseT
cable should be used to connect the EFIS/One and your laptop to the hub. Both types of cable can
be purchased from most computer stores or from Radio Shack.
•
On the EFIS/One, plug in the Programming Keyboard and press the Esc to exit the normal flight
screen and get to the EFIS/One Maintenance Menu. Now select Command Shell and type “IFUP”
followed by the Enter key.
•
A number of messages will be displayed on the EFIS/One screen as the FTP server and
communication software is loaded.
•
Now transfer the log files to your laptop. This can be done in several ways but two, the standard
windows FTP client and CuteFTP, are outlined here.
Using the FTP Client in Windows
Run the standard FTP client on your laptop. This is normally done by running FTP. Use the
Windows Run command and type FTP. When the FTP Client is running, connect to the EFIS/One
as follows:
ftp> OPEN 192.168.0.111
User > root
Password > efis
ftp>GET EFIS.CSV
ftp>CLOSE
Installation Guide
Page 51 of 87
ftp>QUIT
Using CuteFTP Interface
Free FTP clients can be downloaded from the internet. BMA uses CuteFTP which can be
downloaded from http://www.globalscape.com/store/purchase.asp?product=cuteftppro
The following shows how to setup CuteFTP and the
data needed to connect to the EFIS/One.
Using CuteFTP, set up a new connection (File, New)
and enter the data shown to the right. The password,
which is shown as **** is efis.
Click on the “Type” Tab and set the values as shown.
Now Click OK to save the new connection setup.
Page 52 of 87
Installation Guide
To connect to your EFIS/One, select EFIS/One Processor from the list of connections. After a
successful connection, your screen will look something like this.
To transfer files from the EFIS/One double click on the file name in the right hand list of files. To
transfer the flight log, select the EFIS.CSV. The file will transfer to your laptop.
Important: When using this type of software, be very careful not to delete or change anything on
the EFIS/One. Only transfer files from the EFIS/One to your laptop. Files which end in “.DAT”
contain configuration data specific to your EFIS/One and these files must not be lost or altered in
any way. If they are lost, the EFIS/One will need to be returned to the factory for recalibration.
•
After you have transferred the EFIS.CSV file, the EFIS/One FTP connection should be terminated
on the EFIS/One. To do this, type IFDOWN followed by the Enter key on the EFIS/One
Programming Keyboard and then turn off the system. Turn on the system after a few seconds and
the normal flight screen will be displayed after a few seconds.
Using Other FTP Clients
The information needed to connect to the EFIS/One is as follows:
•
•
•
The IP address of the EFIS/One is 192.168.0.111
The User is “root”
The Password is “efis”
Use passive mode to connect.
Installation Guide
Page 53 of 87
Appendix A – Sensor Layout Plan
Use the Sensor Map you created to determine which pin on which connector goes to each sensor. Print this
sheet out and use it to wire your plane. Add it to your Airframe log – your A&P will thank you.
Sensor Name
OAT Yellow Wire
Page 54 of 87
Type
(V/R/T)
V
AD
Channel
6
Connector
Signal
Power
Ground
A2
23
14
3
Installation Guide
Jumper
Appendix B – Example Sensor Maps
Example 4 Cylinder Lycoming
Sensor Name
AD
Channel
7
Connector
Pin(s)
Notes
Volts
Type
(V/R/T)
V
A2
11
OAT
MP
RPM
V
Internal
Frequency
6
9
15
A2
A2
Oil Temp
Oil Pressure
Fuel Left**
R
V**
V
18
19
4
A1
A1
A2
23
14,20,
21
6
7
13
Fuel Right**
V
5
A2
12
Fuel Pressure
Fuel Flow
EGT1
EGT2
EGT3
EGT4
CHT 1
CHT 2
CHT 3
CHT 4
V**
Frequency
T
T
T
T
R
R
R
R
20
0
26
27
28
29
21
22
24
25
A1
A2
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
26
6,7,19
36+,1718+,3715+,3334+,168+,279+,2710+,2711+,27-
*May need to use a voltage
divider.
Pin 3 is Ground, Pin 14 is +5v
Tube to MP port
Westach 303D2HT, 6.8K ohm
resistor between p.21 & 14
BMA
BMA
Capacitive fuel probes, 0 – 5vdc
output
Capacitive fuel probes, 0 – 5vdc
output
BMA
FloScan 264PB-15 OR 201B*
BMA
Watch polarity
Watch polarity
Watch polarity
Aerosance CHT Probes
Tie all four grounds together
“
“
* Carbureted engines use 264PB-15, injected engines use 201B
** Voltage divider required. See below for 0 – 1,67v range on a resistive channel
AOA connects to labeled ports on the processor. Pressure is top port, suction is bottom port.
Voltage Divider
Connect a pair of 10,000 Ohm resistors in series to cut the buss
voltage in half to measure voltage. Connect the top of the
divider to your aircraft voltage buss, the center tap to the
Voltage channel of your choice (channel 4, 5 or 7) and the
bottom to ground. You will then be able to cover the entire
range of your electrical system.
TIP: Remember Ohm’s Law? Volts = Amps * Ohms or V=IR
A divider with a pair of resistors R1 and R2 produce a voltage
Vout at the junction given a voltage across them both V1:
Vout = V1 * [ R2 / (R1 + R2) ]
Example: Say R1=20k and R2=10k then, R2/ (R1+R2) = 10k / (20k+10k) = 1/3V
This will take a Vin= 5 volts and make it 5/3 or about 1.6667 volts. That's the same as you'd need for a 5v
sensor going into a resistive channel with no jumper.
Installation Guide
Page 55 of 87
Lycoming IO360 B1E with Electroair Ignition
Sensor Name
AD
Channel
6
4
Connector
OAT
Fuel Left
Type
(V/R/T)
V
V
Fuel Right
V
Volts
RPM
MP
Oil Pressure
Oil Temp
Fuel Flow A
Fuel Pressure
CHT 1
CHT 2
CHT 3
CHT 4
EGT 1
EGT 2
EGT 3
EGT 4
V
V**
R
V
V**
R
R
R
R
T
T
T
T
Jumper
Pin(s)
Notes
A2
A2
23
13
5
A2
12
See Manual
Vision MicroSystem
Probes & Princeton
Adapters
Vision MicroSystem
Probes & Princeton
Adapters
7
15
9
19
18
0
20
21
22
24
25
26
27
28
29
A2
A2
11
21
G7
G9
G13
G15
7
6
6,7,19
26
8
9
10
11
36+,1718+,3715+,3334+,16-
Electroair Output
Tube to MP Port
BMA
BMA
FloScan 201B
BMA
Aerosance 11395-3
“
“
“
BMA
“
“
“
Jumper
Pin(s)
Notes
See Manual
Vision MicroSystem
Probes & Princeton
Adapters
Vision MicroSystem
Probes & Princeton
Adapters
Required
Lightspeed Output
Tube to MP Port
BMA
BMA
FloScan 201B
BMA
See note*
Aerosance 11395-3
“
“
“
BMA
“
“
“
A1
A1
A2
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
G1
Lycoming IO-360 C1C6 with LSE Electronic Ignition
Sensor Name
AD
Channel
6
4
Connector
OAT
Fuel Left
Type
(V/R/T)
V
V
A2
A2
23
13
Fuel Right
V
5
A2
12
Fuel Center
RPM
MP
Oil Pressure
Oil Temp
Fuel Flow A
Fuel Pressure
Volts*
CHT 1
CHT 2
CHT 3
CHT 4
EGT 1
EGT 2
EGT 3
EGT 4
V
-
7
15
9
19
18
0
20
23
21
22
24
25
26
27
28
29
A2
A2
11
21
Page 56 of 87
V
R
V
V
V
R
R
R
R
T
T
T
T
A1
A1
A2
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
G1
G7
G9
G13
G15
Installation Guide
7
6
6,7,19
26
8
9
10
11
36+,1718+,3715+,3334+,16-
Subaru in Lancair with 2 Voltage Buss
Sensor Name
Voltage Buss 1*
Voltage Buss 2*
OAT
RPM
Oil Temp
Oil Pressure*
Fuel Left
Fuel Center
Fuel Right
Fuel Pressure*
Fuel Flow A
Fuel Flow B
Reduct Box
Temp
Coolant
Pressure*
Coolant Temp
Type
(V/R/T)
V
V
V
R
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
R
AD
Channel
24
25
6
13
18
19
4
7
5
20
0
15
21
Connector
V
22
A1
R
23
A1
A1
A1
A2
A2
A1
A1
A2
A2
A2
A1
A2
A2
A1
Jumper
Signal
Notes
*Use voltage divider
*Use voltage divider
See manual
G1
10
11
23
9
6
7
13
11
12
G7
G11
9
BMA
BMA
0-5 volt probes
“
“
BMA
FloScan 264PB-15
FloScan 264PB-15
Check with MFG for
temp range
BMA
28
BMA
6,7,19
8,21,20
8
Connect a ground wire from Analog 2 to your Ground Buss.
Voltage Divider
Connect a pair of 10,000 Ohm resistors in series to cut the buss
voltage in half to measure voltage. Connect the top of the
divider to your aircraft voltage buss, the center tap to the
Voltage channel of your choice (channel 4, 5 or 7) and the
bottom to ground. You will then be able to cover the entire
range of your electrical system.
TIP: Remember Ohm’s Law? Volts = Amps * Ohms or V=IR
A divider with a pair of resistors R1 and R2 produce a voltage
Vout at the junction given a voltage across them both V1:
Vout = V1 * [ R2 / (R1 + R2) ]
Example: Say R1=20k and R2=10k then, R2/ (R1+R2) = 10k / (20k+10k) = 1/3V
This will take a Vin= 5 volts and make it 5/3 or about 1.6667 volts. That's the same as you'd need for a 5v
sensor going into a resistive channel with no jumper.
Installation Guide
Page 57 of 87
Typical 6 Cylinder Lycoming/Continental Sensor Layout Plan (Analog 3 Card Required)
Sensor Name
AD
Channel
7
6
9
15
Connector
Pin(s)
Notes
Volts
OAT
MP
RPM
Type
(V/R/T)
V
V
V
A2
A2
A2
Oil Temp
Oil Pressure
Fuel Left
R
V
V
18
40
4
A1
A3
A2
11
23
14,20,
21
6
31
13
Fuel Right
V
5
A2
12
Fuel Pressure
Fuel Flow
CHT 1
CHT 2
CHT 3
CHT 4
CHT 5
CHT 6
EGT 1
EGT 2
EGT 3
EGT 4
EGT 5
EGT 6
V
V
R
TR
TR
TR
TR
TR
T
T
T
T
T
T
41
0
19
20
21
22
23
24
32
33
34
35
36
37
A3
A2
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
29
6,7,19
7
26
8
9
28
10
15+,1613+,1411+,129+,107+,85+,6-
**May need voltage divider
Pin 3 is Ground, Pin 14 is +5v
Tube to MP port
Westach 303D2HT, 6.8K ohm
resisitor between p.21 & 14
BMA
BMA
Capacitive fuel probes, 0 – 5vdc
output
Capacitive fuel probes, 0 – 5vdc
output
BMA
FloScan 231
BMA
Tie CHT Grounds tp pin 27
Tie CHT Grounds tp pin 27
Tie CHT Grounds tp pin 27
Tie CHT Grounds tp pin 27
Tie CHT Grounds tp pin 27
BMA*
Watch polarity
Watch polarity
Watch polarity
Watch polarity
Watch polarity
*Use proper EGT/CHT extension wire.
AOA connects to labeled ports on the processor. Pressure is top port, suction is bottom port.
**Older units require voltage divider Volts input. Channel runs 0 -10 volts, aircraft power buss is 0-14 volts.
Use top resistor 10k to aircraft power buss, center tap to A2 pin 11, bottom resistor 10k to ground to cut
apparent voltage in half.
Page 58 of 87
Installation Guide
Typical 4 Cylinder Sensor with Resistive Fuel Levels
Sensor Name
AD
Channel
7
6
9
15
Connecto
r
A2
A2
A2
Pin(s)
Volts
OAT
MP
RPM
Type
(V/R/T)
V
V
-
Oil Temp
Oil Pressure
Fuel Left
Fuel Right
Fuel Pressure
Fuel Flow
EGT1
EGT2
R
V
R
R
V
V
T
T
18
4
19
20
5
0
26
27
A1
A2
A1
A1
A2
A2
A1
A1
6
13
7
26
12
6,7,19
36+,1718+,37-
EGT3
EGT4
CHT 1
CHT 2
CHT 3
CHT 4
T
T
R
R
R
R
28
29
21
22
24
25
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
A1
15+,3334+,168+,279+,2710+,2711+,27-
11
23
14,20,21
Notes
Tube to MP port
Westach 303DH2T, 6.8K ohm
resistor between p.21 & 14***
BMA
BMA
Resistive fuel probes
Resistive fuel probes
BMA
FloScan 201B
BMA
**Proper EGT extension wire
required.
Watch polarity
Watch polarity
Aerosance CHT Probes
p/n 11395-3
Tie all four grounds together
“
*Voltage divider needed for Volts input on older units. Channel runs 0 -10 volts, aircraft power buss is 0-14
volts. Use top resistor 10k to aircraft power buss, center tap to A2 pin 11, bottom resistor 10k to ground to
cut apparent voltage in half.
**EGT extension wire available from Alcor Inc. (make sure it’s K Type)
***If you have an electronic ignition, use it’s pulse output on channel 15
Installation Guide
Page 59 of 87
Appendix C - EFIS/One Connectors & Pinouts
These tables provide the pin out of the EFIS/One processor’s connectors. Check the text for connections to
external devices.
External Power – AUX connector
Pin numbers, looking at the EFIS/One, the notched corner is pin 3:
6
3
5
2
4
1
1. +10v to +32v DC from aircraft power.
2. Aircraft ground. Wire is black or green.
These go from the 6 Pin Molex to the 4 pin Molex on the DVD drive.
3.
4.
5.
6.
+5 to external DVD drive. This voltage is generated by the EFIS/One and is an output.
+12v to external DVD drive. This voltage is generated by the EFIS/One and is an output.
Ground to external DVD drive.
Unused.
Magnetometer Cable
The magnetometer cable is a serial cable wired straight through and uses only four pins. The cable has
female DB9 on both ends.
DE9 Pin
2
3
5
9
Signal
CPU RX
CPU TX
Ground
+12 Vdc
This connector is a DB9 Male on EFIS/One
Page 60 of 87
Installation Guide
Altitude Encoder, AP Disconnect & AOA Flap Position
This connector has the following signals:
DB25 Pin
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
13
Signal
C2
C1
B4
B2
B1
A4
A2
A1
15
Autopilot Disconnect
16
17
25
C4
Ground
Sensor Notes
Reserved
Altitude Encoder
Reserved
Reserved
AOA Flap Position.
Grounded for Flaps
Down.
SPST momentary switch
to ground for AP
disconnect on stick
Altitude Encoder
Reserved
Transponder Ground
Input / Output
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
I
I
O
O
This connector is a DB25 Female on EFIS/One
The Altitude encoder outputs grey code for use with a transponder.
Installation Guide
Page 61 of 87
Analog 1
DB37
Pin
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
Channel
Number
16
16
17
18
19
21
22
24
25
30
31
28
29
26
27
Sensor Notes
Signal
Analog Out 2
Analog Out 1
Autopilot Out LEFT 0-5v
Autopilot Out UP 0-5v
-Glideslope DOWN
+Glideslope UP
-Localizer LEFT
Resistive input 1
Resistive input 2
Resistive input 4
Resistive input 5
Resistive input 6
Resistive input 7
T/C input 5
T/C input 6
Ground
T/C input 3
T/C input 4
T/C input 1
T/C input 2
For active sensors
-Glideslope GOOD
+Glideslope GOOD
+Localizer GOOD
-Localizer GOOD
For active sensors
Resistive input 3
+
Ground
+
+
+5v
+5v
20
Ground
23
17
30
31
28
29
26
27
Resistive input 8
+Localizer RIGHT
Ground
+
+
+12v
+
-
T/C input 5
T/C input 6
T/C input 3
T/C input 4
For active sensors
T/C input 1
T/C input 2
I=Input
O=Output
O
O
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
O
I
I
I
I
O
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
O
I
I
This connector is a DB37 Female on EFIS/One.
NOTE: Any 5v or 12v signals are outputs. Do not feed power into these pins. Also, the total current draw
on these outputs is limited to 250ma. Use only to excite active sensors.
If your EFIS/One has rev 10 or earlier of the Airdata board, pins 21 and 24 were previously ground pins.
The RED wire on the Type K thermocouple is negative -! The yellow is positive +.
Page 62 of 87
Installation Guide
Analog 2
DB25 Pin
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Channel
Number
0
0
15
13
14
7
5
4
0
15
15
6
Sensor Notes
+5v for Sensor
+12v for Sensor
OAT Black
Not Used
Not Used
+12v for Sensor
Pulse Counter
+12v for Sensor
Pulse Counter
Pulse Counter
+5v OAT Red Wire
+12v
Ground
Ground
Ground
Ground
Ground
Pulse Counter
Not Used
OAT Yellow Wire
Signal
Ground
Not Used
Not Used
Low Freq A – Power
Low Freq A – Signal
Low Freq B – Power
High Freq A – Signal
High Freq B – Signal
Voltage input 0-10V
Voltage input 0-10V
Voltage input 0-10V
OAT Supply Voltage
Low Freq A – Ground
Low Freq B – Ground
Low Freq B – Signal
Not Used
OAT sensor – Signal
I=Input
O=Output
O
O
O
O
I
O
I
I
I
I
I
O
O
I
I
I
O
O
I
I
This connector is a DB25 Female on EFIS/One
NOTE: Any 5v or 12v signals are outputs. Do not feed power into these pins. Also, the total current draw
on these outputs is limited to 250ma. Use only to excite active sensors.
NOTE: The 5 volt output on pin 14 must be used only for the outside air temperature sensor.
Installation Guide
Page 63 of 87
Analog 3 (OPTIONAL)
DB44 Pin
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
Channel
Number
39
39
38
38
37
37
36
36
35
35
34
34
33
33
32
32
47
47
46
46
45
45
44
44
43
43
42
42
41
41
40
40
Sensor Notes
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
Ground
+
Ground
+
Ground
+
Ground
+
Ground
+
Ground
+
Ground
+
Ground
Signal
T/C Input 8
T/C Input 8
T/C Input 7
T/C Input 7
T/C Input 6
T/C Input 6
T/C Input 5
T/C Input 5
T/C Input 4
T/C Input 4
T/C Input 3
T/C Input 3
T/C Input 2
T/C Input 2
T/C Input 1
T/C Input 1
Voltage Input 8, 0-10V
Ground
Voltage Input 7, 0-10V
Ground
Voltage Input 6, 0-10V
Ground
Voltage Input 5, 0-10V
Ground
Voltage Input 4, 0-10V
Ground
Voltage Input 3, 0-10V
Ground
Voltage Input 2, 0-10V
Ground
Voltage Input 1, 0-10V
Ground
I=Input
O=Output
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
This is a DB44, high density, Female connector on the EFIS/One
NOTE: The RED wire on the Type K thermocouple is negative -! The yellow is positive +.
Page 64 of 87
Installation Guide
Video - VGA
A Standard VGA video port if provided so the EFIS/One can be run on the bench without taking the
display out of the aircraft. Hook up to just about any PC monitor with a standard VGA cable.
Serial A
The Serial A interface can be used for multiple purposes. The Serial ports use is determined in the Setup
option on the Command shell menu. The choices are:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
None – Factory Default
Aerosance – FADEC Computer
Powersport – FADEC Computer
Motec M48 – FADEC Computer
GPSS – GPSS Serial output message for third part AP.
NMEA 0183 – GPS Message
UPS SL30
UPS SL40
I4 Serial – Custom Interface
Endeavour – Custom Interface
All output is at 9,600 baud, 8 bits, 1 stop and no parity.
The serial male DB9 pin out on the EFIS/One is
EFIS/One DE9 Male
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Installation Guide
Signal
DCD
CPU RX
CPU TX
DTR
Ground
DSR
RTS
CTS
RI
Page 65 of 87
GPSS Format
GPSS Format is compatible with the GPSS message output by UPS GPS receivers.
The message format is:
<STX><id><data><it><id><data><it>…<id><data><it><EXT>
where:
<STC>
<id>
<data>
<it>
<EXT>
is the ASCII start of character (1 byte <0x02>)
is the item designator ( 1 byte i.e. “B” )
is the item data (see item format below)
is the item terminator ( 1 byte CR <0x0d> )
is the ASCII end of character ( 1 byte <0x03> )
ID
C
D
E
L
H
Item Format
ddd
ddd
ddddd
dddd
sddd
Len
3
3
5
4
4
Item Description
Track: (magnetic); ddd=degrees
Ground Speed: ddd=knots
Distance to active waypoint; ddddd=nm*10
Bearing to active waypoint; dddd=degree*10
Horizontal Command Signal
S=sign, L=left bank, R=right bank. X=invalid data
ddd=degrees*100
Aerosance – Available Engine Parameters
The following engine parameters can be assigned to EFIS/One gauges when the Aerosance FADEC is
connected to the Serial A port.
Aerosance FADEC Output
Power
Fuel Flow
RPM
Manifold Pressure
Internal Air Temp
CHT 1
CHT 2
CHT 3
CHT 4
CHT 5
CHT 6
CHT 7
CHT 8
EGT 1
EGT 2
EGT 3
EGT 4
EGT 5
EGT 6
EGT 7
EGT 8
Oil Pressure
Oil Temperature
Page 66 of 87
Installation Guide
TIP: If the FADEC is not connected to a sensor there will not be any data to read on the FADEC interface!
The cable between Serial Port A and the Aerosance FADEC is a standard 9 Pin PC serial cable using pins
2,3,5 and 9.
Powersport – Available Engine Parameters
The following engine parameters can be assigned to EFIS/One gauges when the Powersport FADEC is
connected to the Serial A port.
Powersport FADEC Output
RPM
Throttle
IAT
Barometer
Coolant Temp
Oil Temp
Injection Time
Ignition Time
Volts
DVD/CD/FLASH Connector
The EFIS/One is shipped with either a DVD/CD drive or Flash Card Reader. The drive is connected to the
EFIS/One using a 40 Pin IDC header and ribbon cable BMA supplied. The cable should not be more than
36 inches in length. The DVD/CD drive does not have to be permanently installed in the aircraft if your
system has the 1GB upgrade.
PFD / MDF
The EFIS/One can support two displays. The BMA supplied cable must be used and not altered. If you
need longer length, please contact BMA. The shortest cable is 6’. Just coil up the extra if this is too long.
CTRL PFD / MFD
The display’s keypad buttons (4) and rotary knobs (2) pass their data along this cable. This port is also used
to connect the Programming Keyboard. If you have two displays and also want to be able to plug in a
Programming Keyboard, at the same time, or put a connector in the panel, a Y adapter cable can be
purchased or made.
The cable between these ports and the display is wired as follows:
DB9 Pin
1
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Use
1 Tx from Keyboard or remote Keypad
3 Ground
4 +5V From EFIS/One
5 Clock Signal from EFIS/One
Used for Display back light power
Used for Display back light power
Used for Display back light power
Used for Display back light power
The CTRL PFD and CTRL MFD ports on the EFIS/One are both DB9 Female connectors.
Installation Guide
Page 67 of 87
BMA also offers a remote keypad that can be mounted anywhere in the aircraft. The keypad can be ordered
in a Vertical or Horizontal version.
TIP: To disable the bezel controls on a second display, simply pass the TX signal through a switch.
GPS BNC Connector
This is a standard BNC connector and should be used with the BMA supplied antenna. The EFIS/One is
designed for use with an Active antenna only. Using a passive type antenna will damage the GPS receiver.
Page 68 of 87
Installation Guide
Appendix D - UPSAT SL30 Interface
Overview
The UPS SL30 Nav/Com radio has proven to be both popular and reliable in light aircraft. This document
describes how to connect the SL30 to EFIS/One to provide navigation signals for EFIS/One and optionally
frequency and OBS commands to the SL30. Please refer to the Apollo SL30 Installation Manual for detailed
wiring information on the SL30, and for the diagrams referenced here.
If you are not comfortable installing and connecting delicate electronic equipment, please get a qualified
avionics technician to help you.
Our recommended interface method, which is also the simplest, is to use the SL30’s digital outputs. If you
can’t do this, the analog signals will provide you with ILS/VOR guidance, but OBS control will have to be
done manually on the radio since the EFIS/One has no way to command the SL30 without the digital serial
interface.
SL-30 Digital Outputs
Connecting the SL30 to EFIS/One using a digital link is easy and enables EFIS/One to set the radio’s
frequencies and OBS providing a complete, integrated communication system. In addition, the LOC/GS
information is also supported through this serial interface. The analog signals do not need to be connected if
the serial interface is used. A digital interface is the preferred method as it uses only 3 wires and provides
extended functionality. The following pins on the SL30 are used:
Connection
Signal ground
RX Data
TX Data
SL30 Pin# (37 pin D-sub)
3
4
5
Digital Connection Diagram
These three wires connect your SL30 to Serial A on your EFIS/One. Serial A is usually available unless it’s
used to interface with a FADEC computer. These signals are very low current and wiring is best done with
#22 stranded wires, Teflon insulation preferred.
Function
SL30
Ground
RX Data - Commands from EFIS/One
TX Data - Replies to EFIS/One
3
4
5
Installation Guide
EFIS/One
Serial A
5
3
2
Page 69 of 87
Digital Test Procedure
Make sure your SL30 is configured for a Serial Indicator Head as described in the SL30 manual and set the
EFIS/One Nav Source to Ext VOR. If you do not have the SL30 manual, turn on the SL30 while holding the
double arrow key and the sys key. The display will probably look like this.
Now press the SEL key to change the
Indicator Head Type. Turn the knob on
the radio to change the type to SERIAL
and then press ENT to save the new
setting.
In the EFIS/One SETUP screen (press Escape on the EFIS/One and select from the menu), select UPS
SL30 from the Serial A choices. Press Esc to exit the Setup screen and select EFIS/One from the menu and
allow the system to finish the initialization.
If the serial interface is working, you should be able to move the OBS knob on the EFIS/One and set the
OBS on the SL30. You can also select a frequency from the FLT page on the EFIS/One and by pushing the
inner knob, the EFIS/One will tune the radio the selected VOR or Com frequency.
SL-30 Analog Outputs
As an alternative to the digital interface, the SL30 generates the standard Localizer and Glideslope signals
and the standard LOC GOOD and GS GOOD flag signals. These signals are:
Connection
Function
CDI +Left
CDI +Right
Localizer GOOD
Localizer GOOD Ground
Glideslope +Up
Glideslope +Down
Glideslope GOOD
Glideslope GOOD Ground
+/ 150 mV DC, full scale
-/+ 150 mV DC, full scale
300 mV when Localizer is good
Ground for Localizer valid flag
+/- 150 mV DC, full scale
-/+ 150 mV DC, full scale
300 mV when GS is valid
Ground for GS valid flag
Page 70 of 87
Installation Guide
SL30 Pin# (37 pin Dsub)
14
13
10
29
30
31
28
32
Analog Connection Diagram
EFIS/One will display a valid indication for ILS use, but will not command or receive OBS data from the radio
with the above analog connection. The digital interface described above is a more general purpose solution
and supports VOR and OBS tuning.
To connect the SL30 to the EFIS/One, use the table below to connect each signal to the EFIS/One’s Analog
1 connector (37 pin) on the side panel. These signals are very low current and wiring is best done with #22
stranded wires, Teflon insulation preferred.
Connection
Function
SL30
CDI +Left
CDI +Right
Localizer GOOD +
Localizer GOOD Glideslope +Up
Glideslope +Down
Glideslope GOOD +
Glideslope GOOD -
+/ 150 mV DC, full scale
-/+ 150 mV DC, full scale
300 mV when Localizer is good
Localizer Good - valid flag
+/- 150 mV DC, full scale
-/+ 150 mV DC, full scale
300 mV when GS is valid
GS Good - valid flag
14
13
10
29
30
31
28
32
EFIS/One
Analog 1
5
29
23
24
4
3
22
21
Analog Test Procedure
Before connecting to EFIS/One, verify that the connections are correct and use a digital voltmeter to verify
that both Localizer and Glideslope signals swing through at range of –150 millivolts to +150 millivolts
between the LEFT/RIGHT and UP/DOWN. Connect your meter between LEFT and RIGHT and verify with a
NavCom test set. Check to see that the Localizer and Glideslope GOOD signals are putting out at least 300
millivolts into at 150 Ohm load when the signals are valid. Once satisfied that the radio is working correctly
and that the wiring is correct, connect to EFIS/One and verify signal on the Calibration screen. Follow the
standard EFIS/One calibration procedure for these sensors.
Installation Guide
Page 71 of 87
Appendix E - Display Installation
Panel Installation
First remove the 10, 6-32 by 3/8” long Socket Head Cap Screws in the face of the EFIS/One display bezel.
Note, the two screws at each side a tight and hold the bezel clamp. The 3 screws top and bottom are used
to retain the bezel to the screen.
Page 72 of 87
Installation Guide
Carefully separate the bezel from the display and remove the 3 internal cables. Make a note of the
orientation of the ribbon cable connectors so they can be reinstalled correctly later. The display will now
separate into three pieces; the display (mount stays attached), clamp and bezel with controls. Do not
remove the mount or disassemble the unit any further. Note the orientation of the cable as the must be
reinstalled the same way.
Use the dimensions from the display panel cutout to make an opening for your EFIS/One Primary Flight
Display (PDF). Or, you can use the clamp as a template but remember the display extends about 1” to the
left of the clamp behind the panel! The 3 holes drilled in your panel, top and bottom, should be drilled to ¼”
diameter to allow the display standoffs to freely slide back and forth. The four side holes on the template are
0.150” in diameter.
Use of the BMA clamp is optional. If you prefer, nut plates can be attached to the rear of the panel to accept
the 4 side 6-32 screws. These four screws hold the unit to the panel and the 6 remaining screws hold the
bezel to the display. The panel should only be held between the clamp and bezel and not between the
bezel and display.
Once the panel cut out is complete, place the clamp over the standoffs and position the display into the
panel from the rear. The standoffs on the mount will slide through the ¼” holes in the panel. Hold the Bezel
up to the screen and reinstall the three electrical connections. Be very careful to install the ribbon cable
connectors correctly. Now insert the six 6-32 by 3/8” SHCS (3 top & 3 bottom). For now, do not tighten
these screws all the way. Use the four side screws to secure the Bezel to the panel. Tighten the top and
bottom screws ensuring the Bezel is parallel and evenly spaced with the screen. You are now ready to
make the electrical connections to the Processor.
Installation Guide
Page 73 of 87
Electrical Connections
Three cables are used to connect and power the EFIS/One 10.4” display. These cables are used for:
•
Power from the aircrafts supply (12-32V). This display does not have it’s own on/off switch and
draws about 0.8A when on full bright. Black wire is ground.
•
Connecting the display keys to the processor using Ctrl MFD on the processor and the DB9 female
to male cable. (wired straight through).
•
Connecting the digital video output of the processor to the display.
NOTE: The above picture shows the screen upside down. The power connector will be located at the
bottom when it is installed in the panel.
Page 74 of 87
Installation Guide
Display Testing.
Connect the screen to an EFIS/One processor. Make sure all three cables, power, keyboard and LVDS
video are installed before you start to test. Power on the display and EFIS/One processor. Once the
EFIS/One display is showing instrumentation, perform the following checks:
Make sure the brightness knob operates. Check full bright and dim settings.
Push the Top (AP) button. Make sure the Auto Pilot menu is displayed.
Push the Second (CKL) button. Make sure the Check List Menu is displayed.
Push the Third (FLT) button. Make sure the Flight Plan menu is displayed.
Push the Forth (SET) button. Make sure the Settings Menu is displayed.
Push the inner knob on the lower right. Make sure the Engine Gauges are displayed. Push a second
time to dismiss the engine gauges.
Turn the inner knob clockwise. Make sure the OBS course number increases in value.
Turn the inner knob anti-clockwise. Make sure the OBS course number decreases in value.
Turn the outer knob clockwise. Make sure the heading bug moves clockwise.
Turn the outer knob anti-clockwise. Make sure the heading bug moves counter-clockwise.
NOTE: If the display appears dim or dark either there is no power to the display or a cable is not properly
secured. Please check all connections at both ends. All three cables must be properly attached for correct
operation.
Installation Guide
Page 75 of 87
Display Panel Cutout
Page 76 of 87
Installation Guide
Appendix F - Keyboard Modification
Some earlier Programming Keyboards can interfere with the buttons on the EFIS/One bezel controls. If your
keyboard or bezel buttons operate erratically then perform this modification to the Programming Keyboard.
The cathode end, marked on the diode with a stripe, should be soldered to the wire coming from the
keyboard. The anode end (no stripe) should be soldered in to the connector as shown at Pin 1.
Almost any diode will work, but a small signal diode like a 1N4148 is preferred. Radio Shack carries them,
as do most electronics houses. The photo shows a 1N4002, which is more than sufficient.
Appendix G – Probe Vendor Information
BMA stocks some of the more common probes used on aircraft engine. The following
vendors/manufacturers carry various probes:
Vendor
Aircraft Spruce
Electronics International
Measurement Specialties
VDO
Westach
Wicks
Phone Number
877-477-7823
541-318-6060
610-650-1500
Web Address
www.aircraftspruce.com
www.buy-ei.com
www.msiusa.com
800-221-9425
707-938-2121
www.westach.com
http://wicksaircraft.com
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Appendix H – Dimensions & Power
EFIS/One
The unit is mounted in the aircraft with the connector panel facing the left wing.
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Installation Guide
Display
The EFIS/One display, on the front side of the panel, measures is 8” tall by 10.75 wide and needs 2.25”
behind the panel. See Appendix E with respect to the actual panel cut out and space need behind the
panel. The display electronics protrudes approximately 1” further left than the left side of the bezel.
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Magnetometer
Remote Keypad
The optional remote keypad can be mounted in any convenient location.
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Installation Guide
DVD/CD Drive
The EFIS/One currently ships with a standard PC DVD/CD drive. The drive is only accessed for update
purposes and all data is copied to the internal 1GB memory of the EFIS/One. Some earlier EFIS/One’s did
not have the internal 1GB memory. Please call BMA to enquire about a memory upgrade if you system does
not have this option.
We have shipped two drives are the last two years. The currently shipping drive is shown below with its
approximate dimension.
The drive is 7.75” deep, by 5.75” wide and 1.625” tall.
Rear of DVD/CD drive. Ribbon cable and power cable come from the EFIS/One.
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FLASH Card Reader.
Blue Mountain Avionics, Inc. now ships a panel mounted Compact Flash Card reader to replace the CD or
DVD ROM drive. The CF reader uses solid-state CF technology and can be used to easily transfer flight log
data from your EFIS/One to a home computer or to install new updates from BMA. Flight Performance and
Analysis Software is also now available.
Panel Cutout.
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Installation Guide
EFIS/One Specifications
Dimensions:
Processor
9" x 10" x 4.6"
10.4" AMLCD Display
7.9" x 10.75" (bezel outside dimensions). 2.25" Deep
Magnetometer
5.75" x 1.5" x 0.875"
(length allows for connector & mounting)
Weight Processor, Screen, DVD,
Magnetometer & Cables
12 Lbs.
Electrical EFIS/One CPU & Display:
Supply Voltage
9-32 Volts DC
Current draw (EFIS/One CPU and Display) 50W or approx. 3.5 Amperes at 13.8 vdc
Recommended circuit breaker size
10 Amperes for 14 volt supply
5 Amperes for 28 volt supply
Circuit protection
Crowbar reverse polarity, fold back current limiting
Thermal:
Operating temperature
°-20C to 70°C
Storage temperatures
-20°C to 80°C
Heat output
Approx. 35 watts at full display brightness
Stability:
All analog channels +/- 2% over operating temperature range
Reliability:
DVD drive
5500 operating hours MTBF
Balance of system electronics
20,000 operating hours MTBF
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Appendix I – Calibrating the G Meter
You’ll need the ability to turn the EFIS/One CPU upside down for this, so you’ll most likely need to remove it
from the aircraft.
With the EFIS/One powered on for at least 10 minutes, and the programming keyboard plugged in, once the
normal screen appears hit the ESC or escape key. This will bring up a menu. Using the up and down
arrows on the keypad, select the Sensor Calibration Screen. Now touch the enter key to load the sensor
calibration program.
When the sensor calibration screen comes up, it will be on channel zero, the Lo Freq A channel. Use the
left/right arrows on the keyboard to highlight the sensor channel number. Use the down arrow on the
keyboard to scroll through the channels until you get to channel 12, the G-Meter.
NOTE: As in any menu in EFIS/One, the left/right arrows (or the outer knob on the bezel) move the
cursor between the fields on the page, and the up/down arrows (or the inner knob) change or scroll
through the values for that field.
Using the left/right arrow, move the cursor through the fields on the G-Meter calibration page until it is on the
first row in the first column (AD) under the heading “Calibration Array”. With the EFIS/One CPU sitting level
and undisturbed on the bench (or wherever you’re working), type the value that you see in the AD column
under the “Current Reading” section. The AD value is a digital representation of the current signal coming
from the sensor. The Display Value is how EFIS/One is interpreting the AD value, based upon the
calibration array.
Then touch the right arrow once, to put the cursor in the column under “Display” and adjacent to the AD
value you just typed in. Type a “1” for one positive “G”.
Now turn the EFIS/One CPU upside down and let it sit undisturbed. (It’s now at minus 1 G’s). Touch the
right arrow button to move the cursor into the second field down under the heading AD. Type the value you
read in the “current reading” AD value above. Touch the right arrow button once to put the cursor in the
value column adjacent to the AD value you just typed in. Type a “-1” for minus one G.
You have now defined plus one and minus one G’s for the EFIS/One.
NOTE: Please remember to touch the escape (ESC) button to exit the sensor calibration pages before you
power your EFIS/One down. This is to ensure that the file your data is being stored in is not corrupted.
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Installation Guide
Appendix J – Factory Test Harness and ADTEST
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This harness can be made separately or combined with the one of the previous page. The test plug/harness
with generate a small (34mv) voltage and provide it to each of the 6 thermocouple inputs.
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Installation Guide
Notes:
EFIS/One Processor Serial #
Air Data Board Serial #
Installation Guide
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