Unit 1: Communication and Documentation for care
Group: Gr 112
Name: Ashok Neupane
Deadline: 9th April 2025
TASK 1
Facial Expressions
Trevor Noah: As a comedian and host, Noah often uses facial expressions to bring surprise, humor, or
empathy.
Barack Obama: Obama frequently uses facial cues to communicate sincerity and conviction, or to
emphasize important points.
Tone of Voice
Trevor Noah: Noah embrace a conversational and engaging tone. He adjusts his tone to follow
with the mood of the discussion.
Barak Obama: Obama’s tone is intentional and carefully.
Positioning During the Interview
Trevor Noah: Noah, in his role as host, is typically situated to indicate that he is guiding the
conversation. He usually faces Obama, although he may occasionally adjust his posture to create
a more comfortable atmosphere.
Barack Obama: Obama’s posture generally conveys a sense of confidence and receptiveness,
which suggests both involvement and ease within the environment.
Gestures
Trevor Noah: Noah’s gestures highlight his inquiries or responses. His movements are frequently
lively when he aims to stress a comedic element.
Barack Obama: Obama frequently employs measured and intentional gestures. He may use his
hands to highlight important points or concepts.
Use of Language
Trevor Noah: Noah’s language is casual and conversational. He’s skilled at balancing humor with
serious commentary, using relatable language to create a connection with the audience.
Barack Obama: Noah has a relaxed and conversational tone while communicating. He mixes
humor with thoughtful insights, utilizing language that resonates with his audience to foster a sense
of connection.
Eye Contact
Trevor Noah: Noah maintain eye contact to make a connection with both Obama and the
audience. He makes a point to maintain eye contact while listening to Obama, demonstrating his
attentiveness and respect.
Barack Obama: Obama reflects both confidence and sincerity. By maintaining eye contact with
Noah, he maintain the sense of connection between them. ((1) Barack Obama - Navigating
America’s Racial Divide: The Daily Show - YouTube, n.d.)
TASK 2
A) When communicating a patient who is hard of hearing, it is important to adapt different
approach to ensure that they can understand and need to make them feel comfortable as well.
Here are some strategies that we can use:
 We need to speak in a clear, moderate pace and avoid shouting so that the words won’t
distort.
 We need to make sure the patient is facing in front which makes them see our face and lips
movement. We need to use gestures, facial expressions and body language to convey our
message. This helps pick up visual cues.
 We should use simple and short sentences.
 If the patient has significant hearing loss, we can write down key information and
instructions.
 We need to be patient and open to repeating or rephrasing if needed.(Tennant et al., 2024)
By adjusting these communication methods, we can ensure that the patient feels heard and
understood, which is essential for providing good care.
B) As a care assistant, assessing whether an elderly patient fully understands the information
you’ve shared with them is crucial for ensuring they can make informed decisions about
their care. Here are some strategies to assess understanding:
 Instead of asking “Do you understand?” we can ask open-ended questions like,” Can you
tell me what you understand about the instructions I have given?” or “How would you
explain what we just discussed?” This encourages them to articulate their understanding in
their own words.(Xu et al., 2021)
 We need to observe the patient’s body language, facial expressions, and eye contact
closely. Signs of confusion may suggest that they have not completely understand the
information provided.
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Teach-back method is an effective way to assess understanding. After giving instructions,
ask the patient to repeat what you’ve told them in their own words.
Certain patients might find it challenging to comprehend verbal explanations by
themselves. To enhance understanding, incorporate visual aids such as images, diagrams,
or written instructions. Following the presentation of these resources, encourage the patient
to articulate their interpretation of the visual or written content.
We should also observe for signs of confusion or anxiety. We need to encourage feedback
from the patients and ensure regular follow up.(Ibrahim et al., 2019)
C) Improving communication with an elderly patient who has cognitive decline but still values
independence in decision making requires a thoughtful and respectful approach. Here are some
key steps we can take:
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We need to make a calm and comfortable environment like reducing background noise
which makes communication easier, ensuring proper lighting that makes sure both care
taker and patient clearly see each other etc.
It is necessary to use simple and clear language which include speaking slowly and clearly,
avoiding complex concepts, and being patient.(Volandes et al., 2022)
Similarly focusing and listening patient is the most important thing while communicating
with them. They should be encouraged to share their thoughts.
We should maintain eye contact with patient and also use gestures and facial expressions
that helps them to convey our message more clearly.
We should ask them for their opinion or offer choices that makes them feel involved in
decision making. Even though they are confused we should try to respect their preferences
and decisions.(Rubulotta et al., 2020)
References
(1) Barack Obama - Navigating America’s Racial Divide: The Daily Show - YouTube. (n.d.). Retrieved April
6, 2025, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-wFM3nrKAI
Ibrahim, J. E., Holmes, A., Young, C., & Bugeja, L. (2019). Managing risk for aging patients in long-term
care: A narrative review of practices to support communication, documentation, and safe patient
care practices. In Risk Management and Healthcare Policy (Vol. 12).
https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S159073
Rubulotta, F., Soliman-Aboumarie, H., Filbey, K., Geldner, G., Kuck, K., Ganau, M., & Hemmerling, T. M.
(2020). Technologies to Optimize the Care of Severe COVID-19 Patients for Health Care Providers
Challenged by Limited Resources. In Anesthesia and Analgesia (Vol. 131, Issue 2).
https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000004985
Tennant, R., Allana, S., Mercer, K., & Burns, C. M. (2024). Capturing Home Care Information
Management and Communication Processes Among Caregivers of Older Adults: Qualitative Study
to Inform Technology Design. JMIR Formative Research, 8. https://doi.org/10.2196/53289
Volandes, A. E., Zupanc, S. N., Paasche-Orlow, M. K., Lakin, J. R., Chang, Y., Burns, E. A., Lavine, N. A.,
Carney, M. T., Martins-Welch, D., Emmert, K., Itty, J. E., Moseley, E. T., Davis, A. D., El-Jawahri, A.,
Gundersen, D. A., Fix, G. M., Yacoub, A. M., Schwartz, P., Gabry-Kalikow, S., … Lindvall, C. (2022).
Association of an Advance Care Planning Video and Communication Intervention with
Documentation of Advance Care Planning among Older Adults: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial.
JAMA Network Open, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0354
Xu, T., Akerson, A., & Fox, B. (2021). Incorporating technology to foster effective communication and
documentation in child care programs. Education and Information Technologies, 26(5).
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10561-9