Name of the project:
calorimetry, calories in food
General objective
● To show that calories in food can be measured by
calorimetry.
Specific objectives
● To explain calorimetry.
● To demonstrate how temperature changes by burning food.
● To demonstrate the energy in a food by calorimetry.
Introduction:
Calorimetry is a technique that determines changes in the caloric
content of a system associated with a chemical or physical process.
It is based on measuring temperature changes when a system
absorbs or emits heat. The calorimeter is the equipment used in
reactions in which a heat exchange is involved.
A calorie (cal) is a unit of energy commonly used in nutrition to
quantify the amount of energy provided by foods and beverages. It
is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of
one gram of water by one degree Celsius at a pressure of one
atmosphere.
Hypothesis:
The water’s temperature will rise when the food is completely burnt, so we are
going to be able to know the calories the food contains.
Theoretical Framework:
How do you measure the calories in a food? The first, and most
accurate, method is the calorimeter. This device is used to measure
the heat supplied or absorbed by a body. It is useful for many things,
in thermodynamics, but in nutrition its main function is to determine
the heat of food.
The process of calorimetry consists of the food being burned and the
water collecting the heat produced. The increase in temperature is
what allows us to know what calories the substance we are burning
has. If we have 1 liter of water and the temperature rises 1ºC, the
food will have generated 1 kilocalorie since it is the specific heat of
this substance, basically = volume of water (in milliliters) x the change
in temperature (in Celsius) of the water.
Materials
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2 cans
Food with a lot of fat
A thermometer
Water
A lighter
A board
Tripod
A scissor
A Paper Clip
clay
Steps to follow:
1. Cut the can with a scissor a little more than half, then
measure out 250ml and place them in the can.
2. Put the can in the tripod and then use the thermometer to
measure the temperature of the water (T1).
3. Then unfold the clip and place it on the clay below the can,
placing the peanut on the tip of the clip.
4. Then burn the peanut with a lighter and wait until the peanut
is completely burned.
5. When the peanut is completely burned ,remove the can with
water and measure with the thermometer how much the
temperature has risen (T2).
6. Next subtract (T2)-(T1) the answer you got is the change of
temperature ,so then multiply the answer you got times the
volume of water in this case 250ml.
Bibliography:
● lifeder.com
● Blogger.com
● Cómo construir un calorímetro (con imágenes) - wikiHow
● ¿Cómo se miden las calorías? Esta es la razón de que no todas
"cuentan" lo mismo (vitonica.com)
● https://curiosoando.com/que-es-el-calor-especifico-del-agua
● ChatGPT (openai.com)
Conclusion:
After conducting the experiment, it is concluded that when we burn
the peanut, the fire causes the temperature of the water to rise, so
we can verify with the formula an approximation of how many
calories the peanut contains.
Extra images