River managament Weekly Test
TEST 1
Refer to the extract below on catchment and river management.
10.1.1 In which province is Hammanskraal located?
Gauteng
(1 x 1)(1)
10.1.2 What is meant by 'unplanned development' as mentioned in
the extract?
(1 x
2)(2)
The grwoing of settlements without proper planning
10.1.3 Give TWO consequences of 'unplanned development' according to
the extract.
(2 x 1)(2)

Water infrastructure I state of disrepair
 Frequesnt leaks
 Water disruptions
 Failure to treat waste water
 Dumpong raw sewage into the river
10.1.4 How did the Apies River become polluted?
 Failure of the waste treatment plant to treat waste
 Dumping raw sewage into the river
(2 x 1)(2)
10.1.5 In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, suggest
strategies the local municipality can implement (put in
place) to reduce pollution of the Apies River.
(4 x
2)(8)








Repairs and maintenance of the Rooival treatment plant
Create a buffer around the Apies river
Educatte the community
Fine people that pollute the river
Have clean up campaigns
Laws against pollution of river
Move people away from the river
Municipalities to do proper planning
TEST 2
Refer to the extract below on catchment and river management.
ALIEN PLANTS ARE THE GREATEST THREAT TO
CAPE TOWN'S WATER SECURITY
Alien plants* are possibly the greatest threat to Cape Town's water security.
The roots of plants absorb groundwater. The current water loss due to alien
plants is more than 100 million litres which is nearly 20% of what Capetonians
are currently using daily.
To address water security, the city of Cape Town plans to extract water from
aquifers** in addition to existing dams. However, the plan to extract
groundwater is experiencing challenges due to alien trees absorbing
groundwater in the mountain catchment areas. Extracting groundwater (by
drilling boreholes into aquifers) to add to the existing water supply, without
addressing the clearing of alien plans, will cause a bigger water supply
problem in future.
Catchment restoration (repair) is the solution to water security, and alien
clearing programmes are key to this restoration. However, underfunding and
inefficiencies are hampering the implementation of alien clearing programmes
in the catchment areas.
Restoring and maintaining our catchments in a healthy state are essential
(important) for water security in Cape Town and the surrounding region. The
threat of alien plants to water security will not go away and will only become a
greater problem the longer it is not properly addressed.
Glossary:
*alien plants: plants from another country
**aquifers: water-bearing rocks
[Adapted from https://www.groundup.org.za/author/]
11.1.1
How much water is lost due to alien plants, according to the extract?
(1 x 1) (1)
(More than) 100 million litres (1)
20% of daily use (1)
11.1.2
Give TWO plans in the extract that the Cape Town municipality
intends to use to improve water security.
(2 x 1) (2)
Extract ground water (drilling boreholes) from
aquifers (1)Alien clearing programmes (1)
Catchment restoration and maintenance (1
11.1.3
According to the extract, what are the challenges that are faced
when implementing these plans (answer to QUESTION 2.5.2)?
(2 x 2) (4)
Less availability of ground water due to alien plants (2)
Underfunding (2)
Inefficiencies (2)
11.1.4
Describe the positive impact of the removal of alien plants on the:
(a)
Volume of water in the dam
(1 x 2) (2)
It will increase the volume of water in the dam (2)
(a) Water table
(1 x 2) (2)
The water table will be higher (2)
11.1.5
Why will the removal of alien plants improve the biodiversity of the
catchment area?
(2 x 2) (4)
There will be more water for the
plants (2) More water available for
animal species (2) More water will
increase aquatic habitats (2)
More water will improve food supply for animal species (2)
TEST 3
2.5
Refer to the case study below on catchment and river management.
2.5.1 What does the abbreviation DWA in the extract stand for?
2.5.2
(1 x 1)
(1)
Refer to the case study and identify TWO sources that negatively impact
the quality of water of the Donaldson Dam.
(2 x 1)
(2)
2.5.3 Why are the water sampling points (testing points) important?
2.5.4
2.5.5
(1 x 2)
(2)
How do agricultural practices in the Mooi River catchment area cause
water pollution of the river system?
(2 x 2)
(4)
Suggest THREE sustainable strategies that can be implemented in order
to maintain the quality of water in the Mooi River catchment area.
(3 x 2)
(6)
Marking Guideline
2.5 2.5.1
2.5.2
Department of Water Affairs (1)
(1 x 1)
Sewage facilities (1)
Mining areas (1)
Informal settlements (1)
[ANY TWO]
(2 x 1)
2.5.3 Test / monitor the water quality (2) (accept examples)
Identify the origin of the water pollution (2)
Check the level of water pollution (2)
Ensure that the ecosystem remains in balance (2)
Preserve the biodiversity (2)
To do ongoing research and predictions (2)
To ensure water is safe for people to use (2)
To assist with proper water management (2)
To avoid people getting (waterborne) diseases (2) (accept examples)
[ANY ONE]
(1 x 2)
2.5.4
The pesticides/herbicides end up in the rivers (2) (accept examples)
The cattle droppings/waste is washed into rivers (2)
Fertilizers end up in the rivers (2)
Poor farming methods cause soil erosion (2) (accept examples)
Removing of vegetation increases run-off of more polluted material in
water (2)
Irrigation/farming pollute the water (2)
[ANY TWO]
2.5.5
Decrease the use of pesticides/herbicides (2)
Buffering of the Mooi River catchment area (2)
Practice green agriculture (accept examples) (2)
Close the mines along the banks (2)
Manage dumping of industrial waste (accept examples) (2)
Reduce deforestation (2)
Reduce pollution of (ground) water (2)
Implement legislation (accept examples) (2)
Provide incentives (accept examples) (2)
Create awareness (accept examples) (2)
Implement wastewater treatment (2)
Ensure stormwater management (2)
Ensure conservation of wetlands (2)
Proper land use planning (accept examples) (2)
Regular testing (accept examples) (2)
Improve infrastructure in informal settlements (accept examples) (2)
Maintain water purifying plants (2)
Regular environmental impact assessment studies (2)
Afforestation / Recover the flood plain/riparian zone (2)
[ANY THREE]
(3 x 2)
(2 x 2)