IGCSE Chemistry
Organic Workbook 2023
Abul Fazal
+92 321 282 5395
Contents
Intro to Organic WS 1
5
Alkanes WS 1
18
Alkenes WS 1
21
Alcohols WS 1
25
Acids and Esters WS 1
35
Fuels and Cracking WS 1
49
Organic Chemistry WS 2
58
abul fazal
abul fazal
3
Homework
Date
Particulars
abul fazal
4
Homework
Date
Particulars
abul fazal
Which pair of metals produces the highest voltage?
B
40 removes carbon
200 dioxide from
V2Othe
5
32 Which
process
atmosphere?
A C copper 400
and magnesium 2
Fe
A combustion of fossil fuels
B D magnesium
400 and platinum 2
V2O5 5
B decomposition of carbonates
C magnesium and zinc
C photosynthesis
silver
and chips
platinum
34 D
Some
marble
(calcium carbonate) are heated strongly and substances X and Y are formed.
D respiration
1 2017
JUN P23
Q11
Substance
X is a
white solid that reacts with water, giving out heat. Substance Y is a colourless
11 gas.
Heat energy is produced when hydrocarbons burn in air.
33 Which row shows the conditions used in the manufacture of sulfuric acid by the Contact process?
Whichare
equations
represent
What
substances
X andthis
Y?statement?
Intro to Organic WS 1
temperature
pressure
→ 2CO2 + catalyst
3H2O
1 /C
2H5OH + 3O/2atm
°C
X
Y
2 C2H4 + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 2H2O
40 chloride 200
calcium
oxygen Fe
CO2 + 2H2O V O
3 CH
4 + 2O2 →200
40 hydroxide
2 5
calcium
carbon dioxide
AA
BB
AC
3
B 1 and 22carbon
only dioxide
C Fe
1 and 3 only
C 1, 2 and
400
calcium
oxide
DD
400 sulfate
calcium
2
D
2 and 3 only
oxygenV2O5
2 2017 NOV P21 Q35
34 The
Some
marble chips
(calcium
carbonate)
are
heated
strongly and substances X and Y are formed.
35
structures
of some
organic
molecules
are
shown.
Substance
X is a white solid that
with water, giving
a colourless
© UCLES
2017 1
over
2 reacts0620/23/M/J/17
3 out heat. Substance Y
4 is[Turn
gas.
CH3 H
H
H
What are substances X and Y?
C H
C C
H C
X
Y
CH3
H3C
H
CH3
A
calcium chloride
oxygen
CH3 H
H
C
C
H
H
CH3 H
H
H
C
C
H
H
CH3
Which
represent an alkane
four carbon atoms?
B structures
calcium hydroxide
carbonwith
dioxide
A C 1 onlycalcium oxide
B 2 and 3carbon dioxide
C 2 and 4
D
calcium sulfate
D
3 and 4
oxygen
3 2017 NOV P22 Q35
35 The structures of four organic compounds are shown.
S
H
T
U
abul fazal
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
© UCLES 2017
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
C
C
H
H
0620/21/O/N/17
V
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
Which compounds are unsaturated?
A
S only
© UCLES 2017
Abul Fazal
B
T and U
C
U only
0620/22/O/N/17
D
V only
[Turn over
Intro to Organic WS 1
A
calcium chloride
oxygen
B
calcium hydroxide
carbon dioxide
C
calcium oxide
D
calcium sulfate
fractions
refinery gas
carbon dioxide 6
gasoline
oxygen
4 2017 NOV P23 Q35
X
35 The structure of compound R is shown.
H
H
H
H
kerosene
C
C
C
OH diesel oil
H
H
H
lubricating fraction
petroleum
What is R?
bitumen
A
propane
B
A
propanoic
alcohol acid
C
B
propanol
fuel oil
14
D
propene
35 The
C diagram
naphtha shows the separation of petroleum into fractions.
D paraffin
36 Fuel oil and naphtha are two fractions obtained from petroleum.
5 2016 MAR P22 Q36
gasoline
36 What
Whichare
compounds
alkanes?
the major are
uses
of these fractions?
compound
fuel oil
A
Wnaphtha
formula
jet
fuel
C4H10 chemicals
C5H10
making
roads
A B W and X jet fuel B W and making
Z
C X and Y
petroleum
C
ship fuel
making chemicals
D
ship fuel
YX
Z
C6H12
Y
C6H14
X
D Y and Z
Z
making roads15
6 2016 MAR P22 Q36
bitumen
36 Which of the compounds shown are in the same homologous series?
What could X, Y and Z represent?
1 CH3OH
2
CHX3CH2OH
Y
Z
lubricating fraction
paraffin
abul fazal
A
3 diesel
CH3COOH
oil
B
4 CH3CH
2CH2OH
lubricating
fraction
A C 1, 2 and paraffin
3
B
© UCLES 2017
D
diesel oil
paraffin
fraction
oil 2, 3 and 4
1, 2 lubricating
and 4
C0620/23/O/N/17
1, 3 and 4diesel D
paraffin
diesel oil
lubricating fraction
7 2016 JUN P22 Q36
37 Which compounds contain the same number of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms?
36 Which compound is not an alkane, CnH2n+2?
W
X
Y
Z
A CH3CH2CH2CH3
ethyl methanoate
methyl ethanoate
methyl methanoate
ethyl ethanoate
B
(CH
)
CHCH
© UCLES 2016 3 2
0620/22/F/M/16
3
A W and X
B W and Y
C X and Z
D Y and Z
C CH3CHCHCH3
D (CH3)3CH
38 What is an advantage of producing ethanol by fermentation of sugar compared to the catalytic
addition of steam to ethene?
37 An ester is formed when a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol.
A The alcohol produced is purer.
Which
ester
is formed
when propanoic acid and ethanol react?
B The
process
is faster.
A
C
CH
The3CO
process
uses
2CH2CH
3 high temperature.
B
D
CH
The3CO
process
uses
renewable
raw materials.
2CH2CH
2CH
3
C Organic
CH3CH
2CO
Intro to
WS
12CH3
D
CH3CH2CO2CH2CH3
Abul Fazal
7
15
8 2016 JUN P23 Q36
36 Which compound does not belong to the same homologous series as the other three
compounds?
CH3OH
A
B
C2H5COOH
C
C2H5OH
D
C7H15OH
37 The structure of an alkene and the structure of14an ester are shown.
9 2016 NOV P23 Q36
36 Butane reacts as shown.
P
H
H
Q
H H
catalyst
butane
and heat
C C H
H H
O
butene + hydrogen
H C C
H C C C
14
What is this type of reaction?
O
H
H
H H
35 A
Which
reaction of ethene is not an addition reaction?
combustion
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
A cracking
reaction with bromine
B
What are the names of P and Q?
B polymerisation
reaction with hydrogen
C
P oxygen
reaction with
reduction
C
D
Q
but-1-ene
ethyl propanoate
D A reaction
with steam
37 2017
Substance
hasQ36
the following
characteristics.
B MARZ
but-1-ene
propyl
ethanoate
P22
10
36 Ethanol
is
fuel
usedininancars.
It can
be made
from
C
ethyl
propanoate
1 abut-2-ene
It burns
excess
of oxygen
to14
form petroleum.
carbon dioxide and water.
D
propyl
ethanoate
35 Which
fraction
ofoxidised
petroleum
matched
to its
correctofuse?
2 but-2-ene
It is
by is
airnot
to form
a liquid
smelling
vinegar. cracking
C
4H10 → C2H4 + C2H6
3 It reacts with carboxylic
to form esters.
Hacids
producing ethanol
C2H4 + use
2O → C2H5OH
fraction
38 What is an advantage of producing ethanol by fermentation of sugar compared to the catalytic
What is substance
C2H5OH
+ 3O
burning
2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O
addition
of steam
toZ?
ethene?
A
bitumen
making
roads
A
ethane
A
alcohol
produced
purer.
Compounds
of how
many is
homologous
series appear in these equations?
B The
gasoline
fuel for cars
B C The
ethanoickerosene
acidis faster.
fuel for ships
B
A 1 process
B 2
C 3
C
ethanol
naphtha
chemical industry
C D The process
uses high temperature.
D
4
abul fazal
D
ethylis
ethanoate
37 2017
Ethanol
produced
either ethene
or sugar.
The
process
usesfrom
renewable
raw materials.
JUN
P21 Q36
11 D
36 The diagram shows the structures of two organic molecules.
Which type of chemical reaction is used in each case?
38 Ethanol is manufactured by the catalytic addition of steam to ethene and by fermentation.
H
ethene
ethanol
sugar
→ ethanol of using the catalytic addition of steam to
Which row
shows→an
advantage and
a disadvantage
H H
H H O H
ethene compared to fermentation?
A
addition
fermentation
H C C O H
H C C C C H
B
addition
fractional distillation
advantage
disadvantage
H H
fermentation
the product isH impure
H H
distillation
fast
C
A
H
D statement
distillation
fractional
distillation
B
fast these molecules
uses
non-renewable
materials
Which
about
is not
correct?
product
is pure
slow
A C They arethe
both
alcohols.
38 The
structural renewable
formula of materials
an organic compound is shown.
slowthey burn in oxygen.
B D Theyuses
both produce carbon
dioxide and water when
C
CH3CH2COOCH3
They contain different functional groups.
What
is the
name
this compound?
D They
have
theofsame
general formula.
© UCLES 2016
[Turn over
0620/23/M/J/16
A butanoic acid
37 The diagram shows part of the molecule of a polymer.
B ethyl ethanoate
C methyl propanoate H
Abul Fazal
D propyl methanoate C
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
0620/23/O/N/16
H
H
H
H
H
H
© UCLES 2016
Intro to Organic WS 1
X
pH 7.0
Y
pH 5.5
13
8
35 Fuel oil, gasoline, kerosene and naphtha are four fractions obtained from the fractional distillation
Lime
is used to neutralise the soil in one part13
of the garden.
of
petroleum.
12 2017 JUN P22 Q36
To which
part
of the
garden
should
added
and why?
isstatement
the
order
of the
boiling
pointsthe
of lime
these
fractions?
36 What
Which
about
homologous
series
isbe
not
correct?
A
H2n+2.
Alkenes
the
same
formula,
Cpoint
part have
of the
garden
because
lime
highest
boiling
point general
→ lowest
boiling
nis
B A Each
member
of the homologous
of alkanes differs from the next by CH2.
fuel
oil →Xkerosene
→ gasolineseries
→ naphtha
acidic
C B Thefuel
members
of a homologous
series
all have similar chemical properties.
oil →Xkerosene
→ naphtha
→ gasoline
basic
D C Thegasoline
members
a homologous
series
have
→ofnaphtha
→ kerosene
→allfuel
oil the same functional group.
Y
acidic
D
naphtha →
→ fuel
Y gasoline → kerosene
basic
12 oil
37 The diagram shows part of the molecule of a polymer.
13 2017 JUN P23 Q36
34 Limestone is an important material with many uses.
36 Butane
and1methylpropane
with
Hisomers
H molecular
H
H formula
H
H C4HH10.
35
Statement
Hydrogen H
is are
used
asHa fuel.
Limestone is heated to produce ......1...... and carbon dioxide.
Which
statements
arehydrogen
correct?
C
Cburns
C in C
C to form
C water,
C
CheatCenergy is produced.
Statement
2 When
the air
This reaction is called ......2...... .
They have similar
properties.
H
Hchemical
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
Which is1correct?
Which words
correctly
complete
gaps
1
and
2?
2 They have the same general formula.
A Both
statements
andfrom
statement
2 explains
1.
Which
diagram
showsare
thecorrect
monomer
which this
polymerstatement
could be manufactured?
3 They 1
have the same structural formula.
2
B Both
not explain statement 1.
A statements are correct
B but statement 2 does C
D
A
1,
2
and
3
B
1
and
2
only
C
1
and
3
only
D
2
and
3
only
neutralisation
C A Statement
1 lime
is correct but
2 is incorrect.
H
H statement
H
H H
H
H
lime
thermal decomposition
D BHStatement
H but
C H 1 is incorrect.
H C C O H
C H 2 is correct
C statement
C C
37 The diagram shows part of the molecule of a polymer.
C
slaked
lime
neutralisation
14 2018 MAR P22 Q36
H
H H
H H
H
H
H
H inthermal
Hthe same
H decomposition
Hhomologous
H
H series?
H
H
36 Which
row identifies
compounds
D
slaked lime
13 C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
functional
38 Ethanol ischemical
manufactured by
fermentation or by the catalytic addition of steam to ethene.
35 What is not
the correct use group
of the fraction named?
properties
34 Which equation
represents theHformation
H
Hof lime?
Hby fermentation
H
H
H instead
H
What is an advantage of H
ethanol manufacture
of by the catalytic addition
A
different
different
of
steam
to
ethene?
name
of
fraction
use
A CaCO
CaO +theCO
3 → shows
2
Which
diagram
monomer
from which this polymer could be manufactured?
B
different
same
A
Ethanol
manufactured
by
fermentation
is waxes
purified by distillation.
making
B A CaO + H2fuel
O →oilCa(OH)2
A
B
C
D
C Ethanolsimilar
different
B
manufacture
by
fermentation
produces
purer
ethanol.
B
gas
oil
fuel
in
diesel
engines
C Ca H+ 2H2O → Ca(OH)H
H2
2 + H
H H
H
H
D
similar
same
C
Ethanol
manufacture
by
fermentation
uses
large
areas
of
land.
C
kerosene
jet
fuel
D Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O
H C H
H C C H
H C C O H
C C
D D Ethanol manufacture
renewable resources.
naphtha by fermentation
makinguses
chemicals
H
H H
H H
H
H
35 2018
WhichJUN
equation
a reaction of methane is correct?
P23 representing
Q36
15
39 Methane,
The formula
of anand
ester
is CH3CH
2CH2COOCH
2CH
3.
36
ethane
propane
belong
to a family
of2CH
hydrocarbons
called alkanes.
A CH4 +
Cl 2 →
CH
3Cl + HCl
abul fazal
Whichisacid
and alcohol
react together to make the ester?
What
+ general
Cl 2 → formula
CH4Cl 2 of an alkane?
B CH4the
© UCLES 2018
A
C
0620/22/F/M/18
C
Cn2H2n+1
CH
CH2Cl
+ H2 alcoholC
nH42n+ Clacid
2 → B
CnH2n–1
D
CnH2n+2
[Turn over
D A 2CH4 butanoic
+ 2Cl 2 acid
→ 2CH3Cl + butanol
Cl 2 + H2
37 Which substances can be obtained by cracking hydrocarbons?
P23 Q36
16 2018
B NOV
butanoic
acid
propanol
36 A
Which
two
compounds
which both contain a double bond?
and ethene
C ethanol
propanoic
acidare molecules
butanol
B
and ethanoic
hydrogen
A D ethanol
ethane
and
propanoic
acid acid
© UCLES
C
ethene
B 2017
ethane and hydrogen
ethanol
D
C
propanol
0620/23/M/J/17
[Turn over
0620/22/M/J/17
[Turn over
ethene and poly(ethene)
ethanoic acid
© UCLES
D 2017
ethene and ethanol
37 Ethanol can be formed by:
Intro to Organic1 WSfermentation
1
2
reaction between steam and ethene.
Abul Fazal
31 Which catalyst is used in the Contact process?
A
calcium oxide
B
iron
C
manganese(II) oxide
9
13
NOV P23VQ37
17 2017
D vanadium(
) oxide
37 X, Y and Z are three hydrocarbons.
32 A white solid
Z reacts
acid
X CH
Y hydrochloric
CH3–CH=CH
Z a gas.
CH3–CH2–CH=CH2
2=CH2 with dilute
2 to produce
The same
gas is produced
when
compound
Z is heated strongly.
What
do compounds
X, Y and
Z have
in common?
What is Z?
1 They are all alkenes.
A
2 They are all part of the same homologous series.
calcium
B
3 carbonate
They all have the same boiling point.
calcium
C
A
calcium
1,
2 and hydroxide
3
B 1 and 2 only
C
1 and 3 only
D
2 and 3 only
D calcium oxide
38 The diagram shows a reaction sequence.
18 2021 JUN P21 Q33
33 What is the structure X
of butanoic acid?
butane
ethene
A CH3CH2CO2H
Y
Z
ethanol
carbon dioxide
and water
B CHrow
3CH2CH2CO2H
Which
names the processes X, Y and Z?
CH3CH2CH2CH2CO2H
X
Y
D CH3CH2CH2CO2CH3
A
cracking
fermentation
C
B
cracking
Z
respiration
hydration
19 2021 NOV P21 Q33
combustion
11
C
distillation
fermentation
respiration
33 An alkane molecule of molecular formula C8H18 undergoes cracking. The equation for the
reaction
isdistillation
shown.
D
hydration
combustion
C8H18 → Q + 2R
39 The structure of an ester is shown.
Substance R has two carbon atoms per molecule and decolourises aqueous bromine.
What is substance Q?
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
abul fazal
A
butane
B
butene
H
© UCLES
C 2021
ethane
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
H H
0620/21/M/J/21
H
H
C
O
H
[Turn over
D ethene
Which
combination of carboxylic acid and alcohol produces this ester?
carboxylic acid
alcohol
34 Fuel X produces carbon dioxide and water when it is burned in air. So does fuel Y.
A
butanoic acid
What could X and Y be?
B
butanoic acid
X
Y
C
ethanoic acid
A
D
C
H2
propanoic
acid
B
C
C8H18
C
CH4
H2
D
CH4
C8H18
© UCLES 2017
ethanol
propanol
butanol
butanol
0620/23/O/N/17
[Turn over
35 Which molecule contains only single covalent bonds?
A propane
Abul Fazal
B propanoic acid
C
propene
Intro to Organic WS 1
33 What is the structure of the ester formed from ethanoic acid and propanol?
B
sodium chloride
C
sodium hydroxide
D
sulfuric acid
A
H
H
H
C
C
B
10
O
H
C
H
H
20 2021 NOV P23 Q33
C C H
33 What is theHstructure
ofOpropanol?
H
H
A
H
H
C
H
H
O
C
C
C
H
H
O
HH
C
H
H
C
H
H
O
H
H
H
H
H
H
C
H
C
H
O
H
O
H
O
C
C
H
H
C
O
H
O
H
H
H
C
O
H
C
H
D
O
H
HH
CC C
H
C
H
HC
C
C
O
HB
H
C
H
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
D
H
C
C
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
H
H
H
21 2021 NOV P22 Q34
34 Fuel X produces carbon dioxide and water when it is burned in air. So does fuel Y.
© UCLES 2021
0620/23/O/N/21
What could X and Y be?
X
Y
A
C
H2
B
C
C8H18
C
CH4
H2
D
CH4
C8H18
abul fazal
© UCLES 2021
Intro to Organic WS 1
0620/22/O/N/21
[Turn over
Abul Fazal
11
13
22 2020 NOV P21 Q35
35 The structures of four organic molecules are shown.
1
H
2
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
C
H
H
H
C
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
H
C
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
3
4
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
C
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
C
H
H
H
H
Which molecules are structural isomers of structure 1?
12
A
2 and 4
B
2 only
C
3 and 4
D
34 Compound Z contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
3 only
36 Which
chemical
equation for
the substitution
of12
anatoms
alkaneand
withtwo
chlorine
is correct?
Molecules
of compound
Z have
four hydrogen
carbon
atoms.
23 2020 NOV P22 Q35
abul fazal
Clcan
beCmade
+molecule
HCl
C3Hstructure
8 + Z
2 represents
3H7Cl aby
35 A
Which
of ethanol?
Compound
oxidation
of an alcohol.
 C H Cl 2
B
C H + Cl
C
D
B
H
C3H8 + Cl 2  C3H6Cl 2 + H2
H
H
H
H
ethene
C3H6 + Cl 2  C3H5Cl + HCl
ethanol
C
C H
C C
C
ethanoic
H acid
H
D
methyl methanoate
2
What 3isA6compound
Z?3 6
A
H
B
C
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
D
H
O
H
H
C
O
C
H
O
H
36 2021
WhichJUN
structures
are structural isomers of each other?
P21 Q35
24
35 Which statement about homologous
series and isomerism is correct?
2
1
A
Butane and butene
H are
H structural
H H isomers.
B
CompoundsHin the
C same
C homologous
C C H series have
H theCsame
C general
C Hformula.
C
Compounds in the same homologous series have the same molecular formula.
H H H H
H H
H C H
Structural isomers have different molecular formulae.
D
© UCLES 2020
H
H
0620/21/O/N/20
36 Which statement about alkanes is correct?
3
A They burn in oxygen.
H H
H
H
Abul Fazal
B They contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
H C C
C H
H C
C They contain double bonds.
H
[Turn over
H
4
H
H
C
C
Intro to Organic WS 1
H
A
Ethanol can be made by fermentation.
B
Ethanol is oxidised to make ethanoic acid.
C
Ethanol reacts with oxygen exothermically,
1212making it a good fuel.
D Ethanol reacts with propanoic acid to make propyl ethanoate.
34 Ethanol is reacted with acidified potassium manganate(VII).
25 2021 JUN P22 Q35
Which row describes the type of reaction and the type of organic compound formed?
35 Which pair of formulae represents two alkanes?
A
of8H
reaction
and C
CH4 type
18
organic compound
C5H8
BA C2H6 and
oxidation
carboxylic acid
oxidation
C5H12
CB C3H6 and
alkene
dehydration
C4H8
DC C10H8 and
carboxylic acid
D
dehydration
alkene
36 Which statement about alkanes is correct?
2021 JUN P23 Q35
26
11
35
diagrams
show
the
compounds.
A alkane
They burn
in oxygen.
33 The
An
molecule
of structural
molecularformulae
formulaofCfour
8H18 undergoes cracking. The equation for the
reaction is shown.
B They contain carbon,
1 hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
2
C
They contain
H H bonds.
H H C8H18 → Q + 2R
H double
H
H
H
Substance
R has
atoms
D TheyHcontain
ionic
bonds.
C
C Cper Hmolecule andHdecolourises
C H
C two
C carbon
C C aqueous
C C bromine.
What is substance
H H H H
H Q?
37 Which statements about ethanoic acid are correct?
A butane
B
1
butene
It is a strong acid.
C
2
ethane
It reacts with ethanol to form an ester.
D
3
ethene
3
It has the formula
CH3COOH.
H
H
H
H
C
H
H
H
4
H H H H
H H H H H
A 1 and 2 only
B 1 and 3 only
C 2 and 3 only
D 1, 2 and 3
34 Fuel X produces
carbon
dioxide
and
water
when
it
is
burned
in
air.
C does
C fuelCY. H
H C C C C H
H C C So
What could X andHY be?
H
X
A
C
C
Y
H
H2
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
C
H
H
H
abul fazal
Which
are structural isomers?
B twoCcompounds
C8H18
A C 1 andCH
34
D
CH4
H2 1 and 4
B
C
2 and 3
D
2 and 4
C8H18
36 Which statement about alkanes is correct?
2021 NOV P21 Q35
27
35 A
Which
molecule
They
burn incontains
oxygen.only single covalent bonds?
A
B
propane
They contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
B
C
propanoic
aciddouble bonds.
They contain
C
propene
D
propyl propanoate
D 2021
They contain ionic bonds.
© UCLES
0620/22/M/J/21
[Turn over
36 Alkanes react with chlorine to form chloroalkanes.
Which statement about the reactions of alkanes with chlorine is correct?
© UCLES 2021
0620/23/M/J/21
A
Alkanes react with chlorine by addition.
B
The gaseous product turns red litmus blue.
C
The chlorine atom in chloroethane is covalently bonded.
Intro to
WS 1 formula of the chloroalkanes is CnH2nCl.
D Organic
The general
Abul Fazal
13
12
28 2021 NOV P22 Q35
35 The structures of four organic molecules are shown.
H
H
C
O
Cl
H
C
O
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
O
O
H
H
C
H
H
How many different homologous series are represented by these molecules?
A
1
B
2
C
36 Which statement about ethene is correct?
29 2019 JUN P21 Q36
3
D
4
14
36 A
WhyItishas
ethanol
a member
of theChomologous
series of alcohols but propane is not?
the chemical
formula
2H6.
B
A
It
burns in
excess
oxygenatoms
producing
carbon dioxide
and water.
Ethanol
has
two carbon
per molecule
but propane
has three.
C
B
to produce
an orange
solution. is obtained from petroleum.
It
reacts can
withbe
Br2made
Ethanol
from ethene
but propane
D
C
It
reacts is
with
oxygen
form ethanol.
Ethanol
a liquid
buttopropane
is a gas.
D Ethanol contains the same functional group as other alcohols but propane does not.
37 Ethanol is manufactured by fermentation of sugars or by catalytic hydration of ethene.
15
37 Chlorine reacts with methane.
WhichJUN
row states
an advantage of each method?
P22 Q36
30 2019
36 Which
Which statements
statement about
homologous series is not correct?
are correct?
fermentation
hydration
A All homologous
series
are
hydrocarbons.
1 produces
The reaction
place in the dark.
A
purertakes
ethanol
is a batch process
B Members
of
a
homologous
series
have
the
same
functional
group.
2 produces
The reaction
chlorine with methane
forms
chloromethane.
B
purerof
ethanol
is a continuous
process
C Members of a homologous series have similar chemical properties.
3usesChloromethane
reacts with chlorineisto
produce
dichloromethane.
C
a renewable resource
a batch
process
D The alkanes are an example of a homologous series.
4usesThe
reaction ofresource
chlorine with methane
is an addition
reaction.
D
a renewable
is a continuous
process
abul fazal
A 1 and 2
B 1 and 3
C 13
2 and 3
D 3 and 4
37 In bright sunlight, ethane and chlorine combine
in substitution reactions.
P23 Q36
31
38 2019
WhichJUN
statements
about unsaturated hydrocarbons are correct?
36 Which
about
homologous
series
are correct?
Which statements
compound is
not formed
in these
reactions?
38 Which statements
ethanoic
acid are
correct?
1 They about
containaqueous
both single
and double
bonds.
B Chave
C C2Hproperties.
D HCl
A C2H31Cl All members
2H5Clsimilar chemical
4Cl 2
2
turnacid
aqueous
bromine
from colourless
to brown.
1 They
Ethanoic
contains
the functional
group –COOH.
2 All members have the same molecular mass.
3
can acid
be manufactured
by cracking.
2 They
Ethanoic
reacts with carbonates
to produce hydrogen.
38 What are the properties of aqueous ethanoic acid?
3 Ethane and ethene are members of the same homologous series.
3 2 only
Ethanoic
turns
Universal
A 1 and
B acid
1 and
3 only
C Indicator
2 and 3paper
only blue.
D 1, 2 and 3
4 Ethane and propane arereacts
members
of the same homologous series.
with
4 decolourises
Ethanoic acid has a pH lower than pH 7.
turns damp red
calcium carbonate to
bromine
water
blue4
A 1 and 3
B 1 and 4make carbon
C 2dioxide
and 3
Dlitmus
2 and
A 1 and 2
B 1 and 3
C 1 and 4
D 2 and 4
A
37 Which type of reaction takes place when methane reacts with chlorine in the presence of
39 The
of an
B structure
ester is shown.
ultraviolet
light?
A C addition
B D cracking
© UCLES 2021
CH3
O
C
0620/22/O/N/21
C polymerisation
OCH2CH2CH3
39 The structures of four molecules are shown.
D substitution
What is the name of the ester?
2
3
1
Abul Fazal
A
ethyl
propanoate
38 Which statement about aqueous
ethanoic acid
H
H is correct?
H
H
O
B methyl propanoate
A H It reacts
with metal
H carbonates
H salts,
C
C OH to form
C hydrogen
C
C and
OH water. H
4
H
H
C
C
Intro to Organic WS 1
O
C
A
non-renewable
manganese(IV) oxide
B
renewable
C vanadium(V) oxide
C
non-renewable
D nickel
D
renewable
B
high
slow
low
slow
low
14
high
fast
fast
2020 JUN P21 Q36
32
35 Ethanol is made on an industrial scale by the fermentation of sugars or by the reaction of ethene
36 with
Which
statement
about homologous
series
is correct?
steam
in the presence
of a suitable
catalyst.
A Members
of a homologous
series
have
theethene
same structural
What
is a disadvantage
of making
ethanol
from
rather thanformula.
by fermentation?
B
A
of aproduction
homologous
series
all have similar chemical properties.
AMembers
continuous
process
is used.
C
B
of a homologous
all have similar physical properties.
AMembers
non-renewable
raw materialseries
is used.
D
C
Members
ofisallvery
homologous
series are hydrocarbons.
The
product
pure.
D
The rate of reaction is very high.
33 2020 JUN P22 Q36
36 Which statement about compounds in the same homologous series is correct?
A
They have the same chemical properties because they have the same number of carbon
atoms.
B
They have the same physical properties because they have the same number of carbon
atoms.
C
They have different chemical properties because they have different numbers of carbon
atoms.
0620/21/M/J/20
have different physical properties
because they have different numbers of [Turn
carbonover
atoms.
© UCLES
D 2020
They
13
34 2020 JUN P23 Q36
36 Which statement about a homologous series is correct?
A
All members have the same general formula.
B
All members have the same molecular formula.
C
All members have similar physical properties.
D
Members show a trend in their chemical properties.
© UCLES 2020
0620/22/M/J/20
[Turn over
abul fazal
37 Increasing the number of atoms in one molecule of a hydrocarbon increases the amount of
energy released when it burns.
What is the correct order?
more energy
released
less energy
released
A
ethene
ethane
methane
B
ethene
methane
ethane
C
methane
ethane
ethene
D
methane
ethene
ethane
38 A small quantity of a solid chemical is added to a large excess of aqueous ethanoic acid.
No bubbles of gas are seen and the solid dissolves to give a colourless solution.
What was the solid chemical?
A
calcium hydroxide
B copper(II) oxide
Intro to Organic WS 1
C magnesium
D
sodium carbonate
Abul Fazal
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
15
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
O
H
H
C
O
C
O
H
H
35 2020 NOV P22 Q36
36 Which structures are structural isomers of each other?
2
1
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
H
13
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H H H H
H H
H So
C does
H fuel Y.
34 Fuel X produces carbon dioxide and water when it is burned in air.
H
What could X and Y be?
X
Y
3
A
C
HH H H
36 The fractional distillation2of petroleum is shown.
B
C
HC8HC18 C
C H
C
CH4
D
CH4
HH
2
H
C8H18
C
4
13
H
H
H
H
H
H
hydrogen
1,
2 and 4 only
B
C
1carbon
and 3 monoxide
only
H
H
C
C
C
refinery gas
C
H
H
H
H
gasoline
fraction
35 A
What
main
1, is
2,the
3 and
4 constituent of natural gas?
A
B
H
paraffin fraction
diesel oil
D
C
2methane
and 4 only
lubricating fraction
petroleum
D nitrogen
37 Which molecule is not produced by an addition reaction of ethene?
36 2021 NOV P23 Q36
CHstatement
B CH2BrCH
C of CH
D CH3CH2CH3
36 A
Which
describes
the members
a homologous
series?
3CH3
2Br
3CH2OH bitumen
abul fazal
A compounds
withleast
the volatile?
same physical properties
Which
fraction is the
B
A
compounds containing the same functional group
bitumen
C
B
compounds
containing the same number and type of bonds
diesel
oil
D
C
compounds
obtained from the same raw material
gasoline
fraction
D refinery gas
37 2019
The structures
two compounds are shown.
MAR P22ofQ37
37
37 Which statement about
of a homologous series is correct?
H members
H
H H
O 0620/22/O/N/20
© UCLES 2020
A
B
C
Successive members differ by CH3.
H C C O C
H C C
Successive members have a molecular mass that differs by 14.
H
H H
H H
They have the same molecular formula.
O
C
O
H
Which
statements
about
these compounds
D
They
have identical
physical
properties. are correct?
1 They have the same molecular formula.
38 Ethanol is manufactured on a large scale by fermentation.
2 They have similar chemical properties.
Which statement
about
is correct?
3 They
are fermentation
structural isomers.
A It is a continuous process.
A 1 only
B 1 and 2
B A renewable raw material is used.
Abul Fazal
C It is a very fast reaction.
D
The ethanol produced is pure.
C
2 and 3
D
1 and 3
Intro to Organic WS 1
A
Bitumen is used as a fuel for ships.
B
Coal, natural gas and oxygen are all fuels.
C
16
Hydrogen is the main constituent of natural gas.
D
Petroleum is separated into useful substances by fractional distillation.
38 2019 NOV P23 Q37
37 Which products are obtained by the cracking of an alkane?
alkene
hydrogen
water 13
36 Which
statement
about a homologous
series
A
is correct?
A B All members
have the same general formula.
formula.
B C All members
have the same molecular
physical properties.
C D All members
have similar
D
Members show a trend in their chemical properties.
39 2020 JUN P23 Q37
37 Increasing the number of atoms in one molecule of a hydrocarbon increases the amount of
energy released when it burns.
What is the correct order?
© UCLES 2019
more energy
0620/23/O/N/19
less energy
released
released
A
ethene
ethane
methane
B
ethene
methane
ethane
C
methane
ethane
ethene
D
methane
ethene
ethane
15a large excess of aqueous ethanoic acid.
38 A small quantity of a solid chemical is added to
40 2021 MAR P22 Q37
37 The
formula of
of gas
a hydrocarbon
is C
xHsolid
y.
No bubbles
are seen and
the
dissolves to give a colourless solution.
The
its chemical?
complete combustion is shown.
Whatequation
was thefor
solid
A
abul fazal
calcium hydroxide
CxHy + 8O2  5CO2 + 6H2O
) oxide of x and y?
B copper(
What
are theIIvalues
C
magnesium
x
y
D sodium carbonate
A
5
6
B
5
12
39 Alkanes
undergo
substitution
reactions with chlorine in the presence of ultraviolet light.
C
6
5
Which equation shows a reaction of this type?
D
12
5
A C3H6 + Cl 2 → C3H6Cl 2
B C3H8 + Cl 2 → C3H6Cl 2 + H2
132CH2CH3.
38 The formula of an ester is CH3CH2CH2COOCH
C C3H8 + 2Cl 2 → C3H6Cl 2 + 2HCl
37 Which
How much
is needed
to reacttocompletely
with 0.02 moles of butene to make butane?
acid hydrogen
and alcohol
react together
make the ester?
D C3H6 + 3 Cl 2 → C3H5Cl + HCl
B 0.48 dm3
C 0.96 dm3
D 1.20 dm3
A 0.24 dm
acid
alcohol
41 2021 JUN P23 Q37
A
butanoic acid
butanol
38 What is an advantage of the fermentation process for producing ethanol compared with the
catalytic
addition
ofacid
steam to ethene?
B
butanoic
propanol
propanoicrequires
acid less heat
butanol
A C Fermentation
energy.
© UCLES 2020
0620/23/M/J/20
D Ethanol
propanoic
acid
propanol
B Organic
from
needs
to be distilled.
Intro to
WS
1 fermentation
C
Raw materials for fermentation are non-renewable.
39 Molecule
1 undergoesprocess
a process
to make
molecule
2. rather than continuously.
D The fermentation
is carried
out
in batches
[Turn over
Abul Fazal
A
compounds with the same physical properties
B
compounds containing the same functional group
C
17 type of bonds
compounds containing the same number and
D
compounds obtained from the same raw material
42 2021 NOV P23 Q37
37 The structures of two compounds are shown.12
14
H molecules
O are shown.
35 The structures of fourHorganic
H
H
O
H C ofCatoms
O inC one molecule of Ha hydrocarbon
C C C increases theHamount of
37 Increasing the number
energy released when it burns.
H
O
H H
H
O
H
H H
H H
O
What
is
the
correct
order?
H C Cl
H C O H
H C C O H
Which statements about these compounds are correct?
H C H
H less energy
H H
more energy
H
1released
They have the same molecular formula.
released
2 ethene
They have
similar
chemical
How
different
homologous
series areproperties.
represented
A many
ethane
methane by these molecules?
3 ethene
They are
isomers.
B structural
2 methane
C
AB 1
A C 1 onlymethane B
ethane
1 and
2
C
36 Which
about ethene
is correct?
D statement
methane
ethene
3 ethane
D
2ethene
and 3
4
D
1 and 3
ethane
A It JUN
has the
chemical
P21
Q38 formula C2H6.
43 2020
38 Some
properties
of an oxygen
organic producing
compoundcarbon
J are listed.
B It burns
in excess
dioxide and water.
orange solution.
It reacts
2 to produce
● with
It is aBrliquid
at rooman
temperature.
C
[Turn over
© UCLES
D 2021
It reacts
oxygen in
towater.
form ethanol. 0620/23/O/N/21
● with
It is soluble
● A solution of J reacts with calcium carbonate to form carbon dioxide.
37 Ethanol is manufactured by fermentation of sugars or by catalytic hydration of ethene.
● A solution of J has a pH of 3.
Which row states an advantage of each method?
In which homologous series does J belong?
A
alkane
fermentation
hydration
B A alkene produces purer ethanol
is a batch process
C B alcoholproduces purer ethanol
is a continuous process
uses aacid
renewable resource
D C carboxylic
is a batch process
D
abul fazal
uses a renewable resource
is a continuous process
39 2021
Ethane,
C2HP22
6, reacts
NOV
Q38with chlorine in a substitution reaction.
44
38 What
Whichare
statements
about
hydrocarbons are correct?
the products
ofunsaturated
this reaction?
A
1 Theyand
contain
both single and double bonds.
chloroethane
hydrogen
B
2 Theyand
turnhydrogen
aqueous bromine
chloroethane
chloride from colourless to brown.
C
3 Theyand
can hydrogen
be manufactured by cracking.
chloroethene
D
A
chloroethene
1 and 2 only and
B hydrogen
1 and 3 chloride
only
C
2 and 3 only
© UCLES 2021
0620/22/O/N/21
Abul
Fazal
© UCLES
2020
0620/21/M/J/20
D
1, 2 and 3
Intro to Organic WS 1
A
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
13
B CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2
12
18
35 The structures of four organic molecules are shown.
C Ca + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + H2
34 Ethanol is reacted with acidified potassium manganate(VII).
1
2
D Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O
Which row describes
organic
formed?
H theH type
H of reaction and the type of H
H compound
H H
1 2018 NOV P23 Q35
Alkanes WS 1
35 Which equation
of methane is
C C Ca reaction
H
H correct?
C C
type Hofrepresenting
reaction
organic
compound
H HCl
A A CH4 + Cl
2 →H CH3Cl +
oxidation
carboxylic acid
H C H
B B CH4 + Cl
oxidation
alkene
2 → CH4Cl 2
H C H
acid
C C CH4 + dehydration
Cl 2 → CH2Cl 2 + Hcarboxylic
2
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
H Cl + Cl alkene
D D 2CH4 +dehydration
2Cl 2 → 2CH
3
2 + H2
3 molecules which both
4 bond?
36
Which
two compounds
a double
35
The
diagrams
show
theare
structural formulae of 14
fourcontain
compounds.
MAR
P22
Q34
2 2021
H chlorine.
H
H
H
34 A
Propane
reacts
with
ethane
and ethanoic
1acid
2
C
H
C
C
H
H
C
H
B
ethane
and
Which
row shows
aHcondition
for this reaction and
H Hrequired
H
H ethanol
H identifies theHtypeHof reaction?
H
H
H acid
C ethene and ethanoic
H
H HC condition
HH C
CC H CH C
C C
H H type of reaction
C CC C C C H C
D ethene and ethanol
H
H
H H
H HHacidHcatalyst
A
phosphoric
addition H
H H
H H
H
C
H
B
phosphoric
acid
substitution H C H
37 Ethanol
can
be formed
by:catalyst
H
H
C
ultraviolet light
addition
1 fermentation
D molecules
ultraviolet
light isomers of structure
substitution
Which
are structural
1?
2 reaction between
steam and ethene.
3
4
A 2 and 4
B 2 only
C 3 and 4
D 3 only
H aHcatalyst?
H H use
H H H H H
Which of these processes
35 The pie chart represents the composition of natural gas.
3 2020 NOV P21 Q36
Cthe C
C C
H
C C for
H
H with
C chlorine
C C is correct?
1 represents
2methane?
36 Which
equation
substitution
of an alkane
Whichchemical
sector
H
 C3H7
ClH + HCl
A AC3H8 + Cl 2 H
H C H
B BC3H6 + Cl 2  C3H6
Cl 2
H
Cl 2 + H2
C CC3H8 + Cl 2  C3H6
A
B C
H
H
D
H
H
C
H
H
H
abul fazal
H
DC H
structural isomers?
Which
two compounds
are
D
3 6 + Cl 2  C3H5Cl + HCl
A
1 and 3
B
1 and 4
C
2 and 3
D
2 and 4
4 2021 JUN P23 Q36
36 Which statement about alkanes is correct?
A
They burn in oxygen.
B
They contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
36 CWhich
statement
describes
the reaction between ethene and steam?
They
contain double
bonds.
A
a cracking reaction which produces 0620/23/O/N/18
ethane and hydrogen gas as products
B
an addition reaction which produces ethanol as the only product
C
an oxidation reaction which produces ethanoic acid as the only product
D 2018
They contain ionic bonds.
© UCLES
© UCLES 2020
D
0620/21/O/N/20
a slow reaction producing ethanol and carbon dioxide
© UCLES 2021
Alkanes WS 1
[Turn over
[Turn over
0620/23/M/J/21
Abul Fazal
A
propane
B
propanoic acid
C
propene
D
propyl propanoate
19
5 2021 NOV P21 Q36
36 Alkanes react with chlorine to form chloroalkanes.
14with chlorine is correct?
Which statement about the reactions of alkanes
36 A
WhyAlkanes
is ethanol
a member
of theby
homologous
react
with chlorine
addition. series of alcohols but propane is not?
B
A
The
gaseous
product
turns
red litmus
blue. but propane has three.
Ethanol
has two
carbon
atoms
per molecule
C
B
The
chlorine
atom
in chloroethane
covalently
Ethanol
can be
made
from ethene is
but
propane bonded.
is obtained from petroleum.
D
C
The
general
the chloroalkanes
Ethanol
is a formula
liquid butofpropane
is a gas. is CnH2nCl.
D
Ethanol contains the same functional group as other alcohols but propane does not.
6 2019 JUN P21 Q37
37 Chlorine reacts with methane.
Which statements are correct?
© UCLES 2021
1
[Turn over
0620/21/O/N/21
15
The reaction takes place in the dark.
2 The about
reaction
of chlorineseries
with methane
forms chloromethane.
36 Which statement
homologous
is not correct?
A
3 Chloromethane
with chlorine to produce dichloromethane.
All homologous
series arereacts
hydrocarbons.
B
4 The
of chlorine
is functional
an additiongroup.
reaction.
Members
of areaction
homologous
serieswith
havemethane
the same
13
1Members
and 2 of a homologous
B 1 and 3series have
C similar
2 andchemical
3
D 3 and 4
properties.
A
C
36 Which
statements
about
homologous
are correct?
D The
alkanes are
an example
of a series
homologous
series.
38 Which statements about aqueous ethanoic acid are correct?
7 2019 JUN
Q37 have similar chemical properties.
1 P22
All members
37 In bright 1sunlight,
ethane
and
chlorine
combine
in substitution
reactions.
Ethanoic
acid
contains
the
functional
2 All
members
have
the same
moleculargroup
mass.–COOH.
Which compound
is not
formed
in
these
reactions?
2 Ethane
Ethanoic
acid
reacts
with
carbonates
tosame
produce
hydrogen.series.
3
and
ethene
are
members
of the
homologous
A
Ethanoic
acid
turns
B
C
C Indicator
C2H
D HCl
C2H4
and
propane
are members
of4Cl
the2paper
sameblue.
homologous
series.
33Cl Ethane
2H
5Cl Universal
abul fazal
4 3 Ethanoic
has4a pH lower
pH37.
A 1 and
B acid
1 and
C than
2 and
38 What are the properties of aqueous ethanoic acid?
8 2019
A 1 JUN
and 2P23 Q37
B 1 and 3
C 1 and 4
D
2 and 4
D
2 and 4
37 Which type of reaction takes placereacts
whenwith
methane reacts with chlorine in the presence of
decolourises
turns damp red
ultraviolet light?
calcium carbonate to
39 The structure
of an ester
bromine
wateris shown.
litmus blue
make carbon dioxide
A addition
O
B A cracking
CH3 C
C B polymerisation
OCH2CH2CH3
D C substitution D is the nameof the ester?
What
38 Which statement about aqueous ethanoic acid is correct?
A ethyl propanoate
39 A
The structures
of metal
four molecules
aretoshown.
reactspropanoate
with
carbonates
form salts, hydrogen and water.
B It
methyl
2
3
1
B
reacts
with metal oxides
to form salts and oxygen.
C It
propyl
ethanoate
C
reacts
with reactiveHmetals to form saltsHandHhydrogen.
H
O methanoate
D It
propyl
D H It turns
damp red
H litmus
C
C paper
OH blue. H C
C
C OH
OH
H
39 Fazal
The structure of ester W is shown.
Abul
H
H
H
Which molecules react together to form the ester propyl methanoate?
H
O
0620/21/M/J/19
© UCLES 2019
4
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
OH
Alkanes WS 1
O
A A alkane ethene
ethane
methane
B B alkene ethene
C
methane
C alcohol
D
methane
D carboxylic acid
methane
ethane
ethane
ethene
20
ethene
ethane
9 2020 JUN P21 Q39
38 Ethane,
A small quantity
of a solid
chemicalinisaadded
to a large
excess of aqueous ethanoic acid.
with chlorine
substitution
reaction.
39
C2H6, reacts
No bubbles
gas are seen
the solid dissolves to give a colourless solution.
What
are theofproducts
of thisand
reaction?
Whatchloroethane
was the solidand
chemical?
A
hydrogen
A
B
calcium hydroxide
chloroethane
and hydrogen chloride
B
C
copper(II) oxide
chloroethene
and hydrogen
C
D
magnesium and hydrogen chloride
chloroethene
D
sodium carbonate
10 2020 JUN P23 Q39
39 Alkanes undergo substitution reactions with chlorine in the presence of ultraviolet light.
Which equation shows a reaction of this type?
A
C3H6 + Cl 2 → C3H6Cl 2
B
C3H8 + Cl 2 → C3H6Cl 2 + H2
C
C3H8 + 2Cl 2 → C3H6Cl 2 + 2HCl
© UCLES 2020
0620/21/M/J/20
© UCLES 2020
0620/23/M/J/20
D
C3H6 + Cl 2 → C3H5Cl + HCl
[Turn over
abul fazal
Alkanes WS 1
Abul Fazal
A
extraction of aluminium
food preservative
electrolysis
B
extraction of aluminium
water treatment
B fractional distillation
21
C
manufacture of sulfuric acid
food preservative
C incomplete combustion
12water treatment
D
manufacture of sulfuric acid
D thermal decomposition
34 Limestone is an important material with many 14
uses.
1 2017
MARisP22
Q35
34
Limestone
used
in many industrial processes.
35 Which
What
isreaction
notisthe
correct
the......1......
fraction
named?
Limestone
heated
to use
produce
and
carbon dioxide.
35
of
ethene
isofnot
an
addition
reaction?
In which process is it not used?
A
with
This reaction
reaction
is called
......2...... .
name
ofbromine
fraction
use
A manufacture of alkenes
B
A reaction
fuelhydrogen
oil complete gapsmaking
Which
words with
correctly
1 and waxes
2?
B manufacture of cement
C B reaction with
gasoxygen
oil
fuel in diesel engines
1 iron
2
C manufacture of
D C reaction with
steam
kerosene
jet fuel
neutralisation
D A manufacturelime
of lime
D
naphtha
making chemicals
B
lime in cars. It can
thermal
decomposition
36 Ethanol
is a fuel used
be made
from petroleum.
A
Alkenes WS 1
2 2018 JUN P21 Q36
35 What
correct
named?
C is not the
slaked
limeuse of the fraction
neutralisation
36 Which reaction is not a reaction which
undergo?
cracking
C4Halkenes
10 → C2H4 + C2H6
D
slaked
lime
thermal decomposition
name
of
fraction
use
A bromination
producing ethanol
C2H4 + H2O → C2H5OH
making waxes
B A hydration fuel oil
C2H5OH + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O
burning
35 What is not the correct use
of the fraction named?
gas oil
fuel in diesel engines
C B hydrogenation
Compounds of how many homologous series appear in these equations?
name
of fraction
use
kerosene
jet
fuel
D C hydrolysis
A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4
D
naphtha
making
A
fuel oil
makingchemicals
waxes
37 Which
substances
can
by cracking
B JUN
oil be obtainedfuel
in diesel hydrocarbons?
engines
P22gas
Q36
3 2018
37 Ethanol is produced from either ethene or sugar.
36 A
Which
statement
about alkenes is not correct?
and
ethene
C ethanol
kerosene
jet fuel
Which
type of
chemical
reaction is used in each case?
B
and
hydrogen
naphtha
making chemicals
A D ethanol
They decolourise
aqueous bromine.
C
B
ethene
andcontain
hydrogen
Theyethene
only
the elementssugar
carbon
and hydrogen.
→ ethanol
→ ethanol
36 Methane,
andhydrogen
propane to
belong
to
a family of hydrocarbons called alkanes.
D
and poly(ethene)
C A ethene
They ethane
react
with
formfermentation
alkanes.
addition
What
is thereact
general
ofproduce
an fractional
alkane?
D B They
withformula
steam to
carboxylic
acids.
addition
distillation
A C CnH2n distillation
B CnH2n+1
C CnH2n–1
D CnH2n+2
fermentation
37 Which substances can be obtained by cracking hydrocarbons?
Q37
4 2018
D JUN P23
distillation
fractional distillation
37 Which
substances
can be obtained by cracking hydrocarbons?
A ethanol
and ethene
abul fazal
© UCLES
0620/21/M/J/18
B 2018
ethanol and
and
hydrogen
A
ethanol
ethene
38
The
structural
formula
of an organic compound
is shown.
C
B
ethene and hydrogen
ethanol
[Turn over
CH3CH2COOCH3
D ethene
ethene and
and hydrogen
poly(ethene)
C
What is the name of this compound?
D ethene and poly(ethene)
A butanoic acid
© UCLES
B 2018
ethyl ethanoate
C
methyl propanoate
D
propyl methanoate
© UCLES 2018
0620/22/M/J/18
0620/23/M/J/18
Abul Fazal
© UCLES 2017
[Turn over
Alkenes WS 1
0620/22/F/M/17
A row shows
compound
34 Which
the conditions usedcracking
for the manufacture of sulfuric acid in the Contact process?
34 Propane reacts with chlorine.
B
compound
fractional distillation
pressure
Which row
shows /aatm
conditiontemperature
required for/ C
this reactioncatalyst
and identifies the type of reaction?
C
mixture
cracking 22
A
250
200
vanadium(V) oxide
condition
type of reaction
D
mixture
fractional distillation
B
2
450
vanadium(V) oxide
A MAR
phosphoric
acid catalyst
addition
5 2020
P22 Q36
C
250
200
iron
36 Which
statements
B
phosphoricabout
acid propene
catalyst are correct?substitution
D
2
450
iron
C
ultravioletcontains
light only single bonds.
addition
1 Propene
D
ultravioletdecolourises
light
substitution
2 Propene
35 Which calcium
compound does not bromine
neutralisewater.
an acid soil?
3 Propene is obtained by cracking.
A calcium oxide
35 The pie chart
represents
composition of natural gas.
4 Propene
is athe
hydrocarbon.
B calcium sulfate
Which
sector
represents
methane?
A calcium
1 and
4 hydroxide
B 2,
3 and 4
C 2 and 4 only
C
D
4 only
D calcium carbonate
B C
D
A
37 Which row describes the production of ethanol and its properties?
6 2020 NOV P23 Q36
36 Which product is obtained when bromine reacts with propene, CH3CH=CH2?
can be made can be made is used as a
is used as a
from
glucose
from
ethene
fuel
solvent
A CH CH=CHBr
3
B A CH3CBr=CHBr
key
2
C B CH3CH2CHBr
= yes
2Br
D C CH3CHBrCH
12
= no
D structures
of four organicmolecules are 35 The
shown.
7 2021 MAR P22 Q36
© UCLES 2020
H
0620/23/O/N/20
36 WhichHstatement describesOthe reaction between ethene
H and
H steam?
AH aCcracking
Cl reactionH which
C produces
O H ethane and
H hydrogen
C C gas
O asHproducts
B
an
H addition reaction which produces ethanol as theHonlyHproduct
© UCLES 2020
0620/22/F/M/20
C an oxidation reaction which produces ethanoic acid as the only product
O
H
C
H
H[Turn over
Howamany
series and
are represented
by these molecules?
D
slow different
reaction homologous
producing ethanol
carbon dioxide
A
1
abul fazal
B
2
C
3
D
4
8 2021 NOV P22 Q36
36 Which statement about ethene is correct?
A
It has the chemical formula C2H6.
B
It burns in excess oxygen producing carbon dioxide and water.
C
It reacts with Br2 to produce an orange solution.
D
It reacts with oxygen to form ethanol.
37 Ethanol is manufactured by fermentation of sugars or by catalytic hydration of ethene.
Which row states an advantage of each method?
© UCLES 2021
fermentation
0620/22/F/M/21
hydration
A
produces purer ethanol
is a batch process
B
produces purer ethanol
is a continuous process
C
uses a renewable resource
is a batch process
D
uses a renewable resource
Alkenes WS 1
is a continuous process
38 Which statements about unsaturated hydrocarbons are correct?
Abul Fazal
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
O
H
23other?
36 Which structures are structural isomers of each
1
2
14
9 2020 NOV P21 Q37
H
H H H
H H
H
37 Propene is an alkene that reacts with bromine, steam and hydrogen as shown.
H C C C C H
H C C
C H
H
H
H H H H
H H
C C C H
H C H
H
H
bromine
3
H
H
J
H
H
hydrogen
4
steam
H
H C C
C H
What are the products of these reactions?
H
H
J
K
H C H
A
H
bromopropane
dibromopropane
1, 2, 3 and 4
C
dibromopropane
B 1, 2 and 4 only
D
bromopropane
C 1 and 3 only
A
B
H
L
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
L
C H
K
propanol
Hbutane
propanoic acid
propane
propanol
propane
propanoic acid
butane
H
D 2 and 4 only
38 The flow chart shows the preparation of ethanol and some important chemistry of ethanol.
10 2020 NOV P22 Q37
fermentation
process
Y of ethene?
37 Which
molecule
an addition
reaction
substance
X is not produced by
ethanol
carbon dioxide + substance Z
A CH3CH3
B
What are X, Y and Z?
CH2BrCH2Br
X
C
CH3CH2OH
13
Y
11 2021 JUN P21 Q38
combustion
38 P,AQ, R and yeast
S are four organic
compounds.
D
CH3CH2CH3
Z
oxygen
abul fazal
glucose hydrocarbon.
combustion
steam
PB
is an unsaturated
C
glucose
polymerisation
water
Q burns but otherwise is unreactive.
D
yeast
fermentation
glucose
R contains a C–C single bond and a C=C double bond.
39UCLES
Which
about
aqueous ethanoic
acid are correct?
©
2020statements
0620/22/O/N/20
S undergoes
addition
polymerisation.
1 It is an are
alkane.
Which compounds
alkenes?
A
2 R Itonly
reactsBwithP,
sodium
form
carbon
P and
R andcarbonate
S
C toP,
Q and
S dioxide.
D Q, R and S
3 It changes the colour of litmus solution from blue to red.
4 It of
is a synthetic
hydrocarbon.
39 The structure
polymer is shown.
A
BO 1 and 4
1 andO2
C
C
C O2 and 3
N
N
H
H
C
O
D
3 and 4
O
C
N
N
C
H
H
The2020
structure shows that it is a ......1......0620/21/O/N/20
. It is formed by ......2...... polymerisation.
© UCLES
Which words complete gaps 1 and 2?
Abul Fazal
1
2
Alkenes WS 1
B
monomer
C
polymer
D
saturated
24
12 2021 NOV P21 Q38
38 Propene reacts with steam to form propanol.
C3H6(g) + H2O(g) → C3H7OH(g)
Which type of reaction takes place?
A
addition
B
condensation
C
oxidation
D
substitution
14
39
WhichNOV
statement
about aqueous ethanoic acid is correct?
13 2021
P23 Q38
38 Some reactions of substance Q are shown.
A It reacts with magnesium to produce a salt and hydrogen.
add steamto produce a salt and hydrogen.
It reacts with sodium hydroxide
under pressure
and salts
a catalyst
It reacts with ammonium
to produce ammonia.
add bromine
ethanol is made
1,2-dibromoethane
Q
It turns red litmus blue.
is made
add hydrogen
and a catalyst
B
C
D
P
What is P?
A
ethane
B
ethanoic acid
C
ethene
D
poly(ethene)
abul fazal
39 Proteins and starch are natural polymers.
Which row identifies the method of polymerisation of proteins and starch?
© UCLES 2021
0620/21/O/N/21
proteins
starch
A
addition
addition
B
condensation
condensation
C
addition
condensation
D
condensation
addition
Alkenes WS 1
Abul Fazal
25
Alcohols WS 1
13
1 2016 MAR P22 Q37
37 The statements below are about the alcohol homologous series.
The alcohols have the same ......1...... formula.
The alcohols have ......2...... chemical properties because they have the same ......3...... .
14
The melting points of the alcohols ......4...... as the number of carbon atoms increases.
36 Butane reacts as shown.
Which words correctly complete gaps 1–4?
catalyst
butane
butene + hydrogen
and
heat
1
2
3
4
A is this type
general
What
of reaction?
different
functional group
decrease
general
A B combustion
similar
electronic structure
increase
B C cracking general
similar
functional group
increase
14
molecular
similar
functional group
increase
C D polymerisation
35 Which reaction of ethene is not an addition reaction?
D reduction
reaction
withrepresents
bromine a compound that dissolves in water to form an acidic solution?
38 A
Which
structure
2 2016 NOV P23 Q37
B reaction
withthe
hydrogen
37 Substance
Z has
following A
characteristics.
B
C
reaction
oxygen
H ofHoxygen to form carbon dioxide
H water.
H
H and
1 Itwith
burns
in anHexcess
D
reaction
steam by air to form a liquid smelling of vinegar.
2 Itwith
is oxidised
H
H C C C
H C C
C
3 It reacts with carboxylic acids to form esters.
H
H H H
H
36 Ethanol is a fuel used in cars. It can be made from petroleum.
What is substance Z?
cracking
C4H10 → C2H4 + C2H6
A ethane
C
D
producing ethanol
C2H4 + H2O → C2H5OH
B ethanoic acid H
H H
H H H
O
C2H5OH + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O
burning
C ethanol
H C C C
H C C C C O H
Compounds
of how many homologous series appear in these equations?
D
ethyl ethanoate
O
H
H H
H H H H
A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4
38 Ethanol is manufactured by the catalytic addition of steam to ethene and by fermentation.
abul fazal
3 2017 MAR P22 Q37
37 Which
Ethanolrow
is produced
either ethene
or sugar.
shows anfrom
advantage
and a disadvantage
of using the catalytic addition of steam to
ethene compared to fermentation?
Which type of chemical reaction is used in each case?
A
A
B
B
C
C
D
D
advantage
disadvantage
ethene → ethanol
sugar → ethanol
fast
the product is impure
addition
fermentation
fast
uses non-renewable materials
addition
fractional distillation
the product is pure
slow
distillation
fermentation
uses renewable materials
slow
distillation
fractional distillation
38 The structural formula of an organic compound is shown.
© UCLES
Abul
Fazal2016
What is the name of this compound?
CH0620/22/F/M/16
3CH2COOCH3
[Turn over
Alcohols
WS 1
D
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O
35 Which equation representing a reaction of methane
is correct?
26
A
CH4 + Cl 2 → CH3Cl + HCl
14
4 2018
MAR
P22
Q37
CH4Cl 2
B CH
4 + Cl
2 →
37 Three chemical reactions are shown.
C CH4 + Cl 2 → CH2Cl 2 + H2
D
catalytic addition of steam to ethene
2CH1
4 + 2Cl 2 → 2CH3Cl + Cl 2 + H2
15
2 combustion of ethanol
36 Which
Which two
molecules
both
contain
a double bond?
3 compounds
fermentation
of
glucose
36
compound
doesarenot
belong which
to the
same
homologous
series as the other three
compounds?
A which
ethane
In
of and
the ethanoic
reactionsacid
does the relative molecular mass of the carbon-containing compound
B C2H5COOH
C C2H5OH
D C7H15OH
A
CH3OH
decrease?
B ethane and ethanol
A
1 and 2and ethanoic
B 1acid
only
C 2 and 3
D 3 only
C ethene
37 The structure of an alkene and the structure of an ester are shown.
D ethene and ethanol
P
Q
38 How is ethanol produced
by fermentation?
5 2018 NOV P23 Q37
H formed
H conditions
H
37 A
Ethanol
can
be
by: H at 30 °C
using
anaerobic
B
H1 anaerobic
C
C conditions
C C at
H 450 °C
using
fermentation
H
C
2 steam
reaction
using
at 30between
°C H steam and ethene.
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
C
O
D
using
steam
at 450 °Cuse a catalyst?
Which
of these
processes
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
What are the1 names of P 2and Q?
39 Which substances react together to form ethyl propanoate?
A
P
Q
A ethanoic acid and propanol
B
BA ethanolbut-1-ene
and propene ethyl propanoate
C
propyl ethanoate
B
but-1-ene
C ethene and propanol
D
ethyl propanoate
C
but-2-ene
D propanoic acid and ethanol
D
but-2-ene
propyl ethanoate
6 2016
JUN P23
40
The structure
of aQ38
chlorofluorocarbon polymer is shown.
38 What is an advantage of producing ethanol by fermentation of sugar compared to the catalytic
CH3 Cl CH3 Cl
addition of steam to ethene?
abul fazal
A
The alcohol produced is purer.
C
C
C
C
B
The process is faster.
H
F
H
F
C The process uses high temperature.
Which monomer is used to make this polymer?
0620/23/O/N/18
D The process uses renewable raw materials.
A
B
[Turn over
© UCLES 2018
© UCLES 2018
Alcohols WS 1
C
D
CH3 Cl
H
Cl
CH3 F
CH3 H
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
F
H
CH3 F
Cl
H
Cl
F
0620/22/F/M/18
Abul Fazal
A
ethane
B
ethanoic acid
C
ethanol
D
ethyl ethanoate
27
7 2016 NOV P23 Q38
38 Ethanol is manufactured by the catalytic addition
13 of steam to ethene and by fermentation.
showsabout
an advantage
andseries
a disadvantage
of using the catalytic addition of steam to
36 Which
Which row
statement
homologous
is not correct?
ethene compared to fermentation?
A Alkenes have the same general formula, CnH2n+2.
advantage
disadvantage
B Each member of the homologous series of alkanes differs from the next by CH2.
A
fast
the product is impure
C The members of a homologous series all have similar chemical properties.
B
fast
uses non-renewable materials
D The members of a homologous series all have the same functional group.
C
the product is pure
slow
D diagram
usesshows
renewable
materials
slow
37 The
part of
the molecule of a polymer.
H
H
H
H
8 2017 JUN P21 Q38
H
15
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
38 Ethanol is manufactured by fermentation or by the catalytic addition of steam to ethene.
H
H
Which statement is correct?
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
Which
diagram shows
monomer
from which
thisthe
polymer
could
be manufactured?
A
Fermentation
usesthe
a higher
temperature
than
catalytic
addition
of steam to ethene.
B
A
B
Fermentation
uses a non-renewable
resource.
C
H H to ethene produces
H
H
TheHcatalytic addition of steam
purerHethanol thanHfermentation.
© UCLES 2016
C
D
0620/23/O/N/16
H
H of steam
H
H C
C C to ethene
D HTheCcatalytic
addition
uses aCbiological
catalyst.
C
H
H H
39 The structure of an ester is shown.
H
H
H
C
O
H
H
9 2017 JUN P22 Q38
38 Ethanol is manufactured by fermentation
H orHby theOcatalytic addition of steam to ethene.
H
What is an advantage of ethanolHmanufacture
instead of by the catalytic addition
C fermentation
C C by
of steam to ethene?
O
C H
H H
A Ethanol manufactured by fermentation is purified by distillation.
H
B Ethanol manufacture by fermentation produces purer ethanol.
abul fazal
Which
row ismanufacture
correct?
C Ethanol
by fermentation uses large areas of land.
D
Ethanol manufacture by fermentation uses renewable resources.
names of the carboxylic acid and
name of ester
the alcohol used to form the ester
39 The formula of an ester is CH3CH2CH2COOCH2CH2CH3.
A
methyl propanoate
methanoic acid and propanol
Which
and propanoate
alcohol react together
to make
ester? acid
B acid
methyl
methanol
andthe
propanoic
C
D
A
propyl methanoate
acid
propyl methanoate
butanoic acid
methanoic acid and propanol
alcohol
methanol and propanoic acid
butanol
B
butanoic acid
propanol
40 Keratin is a protein that is found in human hair.
C
propanoic acid
butanol
Keratin
ispropanoic
chemicallyacid
broken downpropanol
to produce amino acids.
D
What is the name of this chemical process?
A catalysis
Abul
Fazal2017
© UCLES
B hydration
C
hydrolysis
0620/22/M/J/17
Alcohols
WS 1
[Turn over
28
14
10 2017 JUN P23 Q38
38 Ethanol can be produced by fermentation or by the catalytic addition of steam to ethene.
Which row shows an advantage and a disadvantage for each process?
catalytic addition
of steam to ethene
fermentation
advantage
disadvantage
13 advantage
disadvantage
batch
slow
continuous
37 X,AY and Z are
three hydrocarbons.
process
reaction
process
X CH2=CH2
Y CH3–CH=CH2
Z
fast
continuous
pure ethanol
B
reaction X, Y and process
What do compounds
Z have in common?formed
C
renewable
batch
1raw They
are all alkenes.
material
process
D
2 renewable
They are all part
of the
same homologous
impure
ethanol
fast series.
fast
reaction
CH3–CH2–CH=CH2
renewable
raw material
pure ethanol
formed
slow
reaction
finite raw
material
material
3raw They
all have the formed
same boiling point.reaction
A 1, 2 and 3
B 1 and 2 only
39 The structure of an ester is shown.
C
1 and 3 only
D
2 and 3 only
11 2017 NOV P23 Q38
H H
38 The diagram shows a reaction sequence.
butane
X
H C C
ethene
H H
O
H
C
Y
O
14
H
ethanol
C C H
Z
carbon dioxide
and water
H H
Which row names the processes X, Y and Z?
37 Three chemical reactions are shown.
Which alcohol and carboxylic acid produce this ester?
X
Y
Z
1 catalytic addition of steam to ethene
alcohol
carboxylic
A
fermentation
2 cracking
combustion of
ethanol acid respiration
B
A
abul fazal
cracking
hydration acid combustion
3 ethanol
fermentation of ethanoic
glucose
C
distillation
fermentation
B
ethanol
propanoic acid respiration
In which of the reactions does the relative molecular mass of the carbon-containing compound
D
distillation
hydration
C
propanol
ethanoic acid combustion
decrease?
propanoic acid
A D 1 and 2propanol B 1 only
C
39 The structure of an ester is shown.
2 and 3
D
3 only
12 2018 MAR P22 Q38
40 How
the amino
acids in
protein
and identified?
38
How can
is ethanol
produced
byafermentation?
H H be separated
O
A
A
Add
locating agent
to theCprotein.
H
C °CC
usinga anaerobic
conditions
at 30
H
H
B
B
Hydrolyse
the protein
and then
use chromatography.
using anaerobic
conditions
H at 450
H °C O C C C
C
H
H
H
C Polymerise the protein and then add a locating agent.
C using steam at 30 °C
H H H H
D Use chromatography on a solution of the protein.
°C
D
using
steam at of
450
Which
combination
carboxylic
acid and alcohol produces this ester?
carboxylicreact
acid together toalcohol
39 Which substances
form ethyl propanoate?
butanoic
acidpropanol
A A ethanoic
acid and
butanoic
acid
© UCLES
B B2017
ethanol
and propene
C
ethanoic acid
C ethene and propanol
Alcohols WS 1
D
propanoic acid
D propanoic acid and ethanol
ethanol
propanol
0620/23/M/J/17
butanol
butanol
Abul Fazal
29
12
13 2018 JUN P21 Q38
38 Ethanol is produced by fermentation or from ethene.
What is a disadvantage of producing ethanol by fermentation?
A
Distillation is needed to purify the ethanol produced.
B
Fermentation uses glucose from plants.
C
Fermentation is catalysed by enzymes in yeast.
D
Fermentation occurs at a low temperature and pressure.
12
39 Which structural formula represents methyl propanoate?
14
2018 JUN P22 Q38
38 A
TwoCH
processes
used3 for the large-scale production of ethanol are shown.
3CH2COOCH
B
CH3COOCH
process2CH
1 2CH
A 3compound containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen is used to produce
C
ethanol.
CH3CH2CH2COOCH
3
D
process
2 A compound containing carbon and hydrogen only is used to produce
HCOOCH
2CH2CH3
ethanol.
Which row
statement
is correct?
40 Which
describes
addition polymerisation and condensation polymerisation?
A
Process 1 uses a renewable starting material.
addition polymerisation
condensation polymerisation
B Process 1 is done at a very high temperature.
A
monomers have a C=C double bond
monomers have a C=C double bond
and the
polymerfermentation.
is the only product
and the polymer is the only product
C Process
2 involves
monomers
haveataroom
C=C temperature.
double bond
D B Process
2 is done
and the polymer is the only product
C
the monomers react to form the
the monomers react to form the
polymer and a small molecule
13 monomers have a C=C double bond
39 2018
What is
thepolymer
nameQ38
ofand
the aorganic
product of the reaction
shown?
small molecule
and the
polymer is the only product
JUN
P23
15
38 Which
describes
an advantage
andthe
a disadvantage
of making
ethanol
fermentation?
+ CH3CH
→
D row the
monomers
react toCH
form
the2OH
monomers
react to by
form
the
3COOH
polymer and a small molecule
polymer and a small molecule
disadvantage
A ethyl ethanoateadvantage
abul fazal
B A ethyl methanoate
uses a renewable resource
occurs at a slow rate
needs a high temperature
C B methyl ethanoate
produces impure ethanol as a product
produces
pure ethanol as a product
D C methyl
propanoate
D
occurs at a slow rate
needs a high temperature
uses a non-renewable resource
40 Which two compounds react together to form a condensation polymer?
39 Which
esters
have
formula C5H10O2?
andmolecular
CH3COOH
A HOCH
2CH
2OHthe
B
and CH3NH2
HOCH
2OH
1 2CH
ethyl
propanoate
C
and H2NCH2CH2NH2
HOCH
2OH ethanoate
2 2CH
propyl
D
HOCH
and HOOCCH2CH2COOH
2OH
3 2CH
butyl
methanoate
4
methyl butanoate
A
1, 2, 3 and 4
B
1, 2 and 3 only
C
1 and 2 only
© UCLES 2018
Abul Fazal
D 3 and 4 only
0620/21/M/J/18
Alcohols WS 1
30
15
16 2018 NOV P22 Q38
38 Ethanol is manufactured from ethene.
What is an advantage of this process?
A
It is a continuous process.
B
It has high labour costs.
C
It needs high temperature and pressure.
D
It uses non-renewable materials.
14
39 2018
WhichNOV
reaction
be used to make ethanoic acid?
17
P23can
Q38
38 Sugar can be fermented to produce ethanol.
A
oxidation of ethanol
Some
of the stages
in the process to produce and purify ethanol are listed.
B
oxidation
of ethene
C
1 Leave
in a warm place.
reduction
of ethanol
D
2 Add
reduction
of yeast.
ethene
3
Fractionally distil the solution.
4 Dissolve
the sugar
in water.
40 The structure
of an addition
polymer
is shown.
5
6
Filter to remove the yeast.
H OH H
Crush some sugar cane.
C
C
What is the correct order of these stages?
A
H
4→6→2→1→5→3
H
OH H
OH
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
Which
monomer
used
B 6→
4 → 1 → is
2→
5 →to3make this polymer?
abul fazal
C
6 → 4 →A2 → 1 → 3 → 5
B
C
D
6 → 4 →OH
2→1→5→3
OH OH
D
H
H
C
H
H 13
H
C
C
39 Which statement about ethanoic acid is correct?
18
2021 JUN P22 Q34
H a –C
34 Which
statement
about
ethanol isHnotHcorrect?
A It contains
2H5 group.
OH
C
H
C
C
HO
H
B
A
It
is a strong
Ethanol
can acid.
be made by fermentation.
C
B
It
is formed
by the reduction
ethanol.acid.
Ethanol
is oxidised
to make of
ethanoic
D
C
It
reacts reacts
with alcohols
to formexothermically,
esters.
Ethanol
with oxygen
making it a good fuel.
H
C
H
OH
D Ethanol reacts with propanoic acid to make propyl ethanoate.
40 The structure of a polymer is shown.
35 Which pair of formulae represents
H twoClalkanes?
H Cl
A
CH4 and C8H18
C
C
C
C
H
Cl
C
C
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
C5Hby
B effort
C2H
6 and
8 the publisher (UCLES)
reasonable
has
been made
trace copyright
H to Cl
H Clholders,
H but ifClany items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
C C3H6 and C5H12
To avoid
the issue
of disclosure
of answer-related
to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Which
monomer
is used
to makeinformation
this polymer?
International Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at
H
and
C
H
D
C
10 the
8 live examination
4 8
www.cie.org.uk after
series.
B
D
C
Alcohols
WS 1 A
Abul Fazal
Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local
Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
H isClcorrect?
Cl Cl about Cl
36 Which statement
alkanes
© UCLES 2018
Cl
H
0620/22/O/N/18
Cl
H
Cl
H
A
production
of sulfur dioxide
2 manufacture
of iron gas
B
production
of sulfur
trioxide
3 treating
alkaline
soilsgas
C
production
oleum
Which
metal is of
used
make the anodes?
Which
suggestions
aretocorrect?
D
A
A
31
production of concentrated sulfuric acid
1calcium
and 2 only
B 1 and 3 only
C 2 and 3 only
19 2020 JUN P21 Q35
D
1, 2 and 3
B copper
35 Which row about the production of ethanol by fermentation is correct?
34 One of the reactions used in the manufacture of sulfuric acid is shown.
C sodium
zinc raw materials
D
energy
+ O2
2SO3 rate of reaction
2SO2requirement
A catalyst
non-renewable
high
Which
is used to increase the rate
of this reaction?
slow
33 A B
student suggests
three uses of calcium
renewable
lowcarbonate (limestone).
slow
A iron
1non-renewable
manufacture
IV) oxide of cement
B C manganese(
low
fast
2 renewable
manufacture
of iron
C D vanadium(
V) oxide
high
fast
D nickel3 treating alkaline soils
36 Which statement about homologous series is correct?
20 2020
P22 Q35
WhichJUN
suggestions
are correct?
35 A
Ethanol
is made
an industrial series
scale by
thethe
fermentation
of sugars
or by the reaction of ethene
Members
of on
a homologous
have
same structural
formula.
A steam
1 and 2
B 1 of
and
3 only catalyst.
C 2 and 3 only
D 1, 2 and 3
with
in only
the presence
a suitable
B Members of a homologous series all have similar chemical properties.
What is a disadvantage of making ethanol from ethene rather than by fermentation?
Members
homologous
series all
have similar
properties.
V) oxide?
34 C
Which
reactionofina the
Contact process
is catalysed
by physical
vanadium(
A A continuous production process is used.
D Members of all homologous series are hydrocarbons.
A S(s) + O2(g) → SO2(g)
B A non-renewable
raw material is used.
O2very
(g) →
2SO3(g)
B The
2SOproduct
2(g) + is
C
pure.
C
D
SO3rate
(g) +of H
H2high.
S2O7(l)
2SO4(l)is→
The
reaction
very
D
H2S2O7(l) + H2O(l) → 2H2SO4(l)
36 2020
Which JUN
statement
P23about
Q35 compounds in the same homologous series is correct?
21
35 A
Ethanol
produced
by: chemical properties because they have the same number of carbon
Theyishave
the same
atoms.
1 the catalytic addition of steam to ethene
B They have the same physical properties because they have the same number of carbon
2 fermentation.
atoms.
abul fazal
© UCLES
0620/21/M/J/20
over
C 2020
They have different chemical properties
because they have different numbers of [Turn
carbon
Which statement is correct?
atoms.
A Both processes require similar amounts of energy.
D They have different physical properties because they have different numbers of carbon
B atoms.
Both processes use a catalyst.
C
Process 1 uses a renewable resource.
D
Process 2 produces the purest ethanol.
©
© UCLES
UCLES 2020
2020
Abul Fazal
0620/22/M/J/20
0620/23/M/J/20
[Turn over
Alcohols WS 1
D
methyl
2 methanoate
Propene decolourises bromine water.
3 Propene is obtained by cracking.
35 Which statement about homologous series and isomerism is correct?
4 Propene is a hydrocarbon.
32
A Butane and butene are structural isomers.
A 1 and 4
B 2, 3 and 4
C 2 and 4 only
D 4 only
B Compounds
the same homologous series have the same general formula.
22 2020
MAR P22 in
Q37
37 C
Which
row describes
thesame
production
of ethanol
and its properties?
Compounds
in the
homologous
series
12 have the same molecular formula.
13 formulae.
D Structural isomers have different molecular
can be made
can be molecules
made isare
used
as a
is used as a
35 The structures
of four organic
shown.
from
glucose
from
ethene
fuel
solvent
36 The fractional distillation of petroleum is shown.
36 Which
is correct?
A H statement
about alkanes
gas key
O
H refinery
H
A B They burn
in oxygen. = yes
H C Cl
H C O H
H C C O H
= no
B C They contain
carbon, hydrogen
and oxygen
atoms. H
H gasoline
H
fraction
C D They contain
double bonds.
H
O
H
C
H
H
D
bonds. series are represented byparaffin
fraction
HowThey
manycontain
differentionic
homologous
these molecules?
23 2021
A 1 JUN P21 Q37
B 2
C 3
D 4
diesel oil
37 What is an advantage of manufacturing ethanol by fermentation?
The
processabout
is very
fast. is correct?
36 A
Which
statement
ethene
petroleum
© UCLES 2020
0620/22/F/M/20
B
The
requires
no separation.
A It
hasethanol
the chemical
formula
C2H6.
C
B
lubricating fraction
[Turn over
The
rawinmaterials
used are
renewable.
It
burns
excess oxygen
producing
carbon dioxide and water.
bitumen
orange solution.
It
reactsare
with
There
noBr
other
productsanformed.
2 to produce
C
D
Which
fractionwith
is the
least to
volatile?
D It reacts
oxygen
form ethanol.
A bitumen
24 2021
NOV P22 Q37
37 B
Ethanol
is oil
manufactured by fermentation of sugars or by catalytic hydration of ethene.
diesel
C
gasoline
fraction
Which
row states
an advantage of each method?
D
refinery gas
fermentation
hydration
A statement
produces
purer
ethanol
is series
a batchisprocess
37 Which
about
members
of a homologous
correct?
abul fazal
produces purer ethanol
is a continuous process
Successive members differ by CH3.
C
uses a renewable resource
is a batch process
B Successive members have a molecular mass that differs by 14.
© UCLES 2021
0620/21/M/J/21
D
uses a renewable resource
is a continuous process
C They have the same molecular formula.
A
B
D They have identical physical properties.
38 Which statements about unsaturated hydrocarbons are correct?
25 2019 MAR P22 Q38
38 Ethanol is1 manufactured
onboth
a large
scale
bydouble
fermentation.
They contain
single
and
bonds.
2 They
turn fermentation
aqueous bromine
from colourless to brown.
Which statement
about
is correct?
A
They canprocess.
be manufactured by cracking.
It is a3continuous
B
A
A
1 renewable
and 2 only rawBmaterial
1 andis3used.
only
C
It is a very fast reaction.
D
The ethanol produced is pure.
C
2 and 3 only
Alcohols WS 1
UCLES 2019
2021
© UCLES
0620/22/O/N/21
0620/22/F/M/19
D
1, 2 and 3
Abul Fazal
[Turn over
33
12
26 2019 NOV P21 Q38
38 Ethanol is manufactured by the catalytic addition of steam to ethene and by fermentation.
Which statement describes an advantage of fermentation compared to the catalytic addition of
steam to ethene?
A
Fermentation is a more rapid reaction.
B
Fermentation produces a purer product.
C
Fermentation uses a higher temperature.
D
Fermentation uses renewable resources.
14
39 The diagram shows the structure of a monomer and of the polymer made from it.
27
2019 NOV P22 Q38
38 Ethanol is produced by fermentation or by the reaction of ethene with steam.
H H
H H
Which row is correct?
n C
C
by fermentation
H H
A
uses a temperature of 100 °C
What are the monomer and polymer?
B
needs yeast as a catalyst
C
C
HfromH ethene
n
uses a temperature of 350 °C
does not need a catalyst
C
very slow reaction
monomer
polymer
very fast reaction
D
A
high yield of ethanol
ethane
poly(ethane)
low yield of ethanol
B
ethane
poly(ethene)
13and of the polymer made from it.
39 The diagram shows the structure
of a monomer
poly(ethane)
C NOVethene
P23 Q38
28 2019
D
ethene
poly(ethene)
38 Ethanol
is made
by fermentation
of sugars and by the catalytic addition of steam to ethene.
H H
H H
What are two advantages of making ethanol by the catalytic addition of steam to ethene rather
n C C
C C
bypolymers
fermentation
of sugars?
40 than
Which
possess
the same linkage?
abul fazal
H H
faster and
reaction
and renewable
raw materials
nylon
protein
A
H
H
n
B protein
purer product
and faster reaction
and starch
What are the monomer and polymer?
and nylon
C starch
renewable
raw materials and continuous process
monomer
polymer
D nylon
and
Terylene
uses more
energy and forms
a purer product
A
ethane
poly(ethane)
39 The
shows the structure
of a monomer and of the polymer made from it.
B diagramethane
poly(ethene)
C
ethene
D
ethene
poly(ethane)
H H
poly(ethene)
n C C
H
H
C
C
H H polymer, X, is shown.
H H
40 The structure of a naturally occurring
O
H
What are the monomer and polymer?
C
C N
N
monomer
polymer
O
H
© UCLES 2019
0620/21/O/N/19
A
ethane
poly(ethane)
What is X?
B
ethane
poly(ethene)
Abul Fazal
A an amino acid
C
ethene
poly(ethane)
B a carbohydrate
D
ethene
poly(ethene)
n
H
O
N
C
Alcohols WS 1
A
CH3CH2OH
B
CH3CH2CH2OH
C
CH3COOH
D
CH3CH2COOH
34
29 2020 NOV P23 Q38
38 The flow chart shows the preparation of ethanol and some important chemistry of ethanol.
fermentation
substance X
process Y
ethanol
carbon dioxide + substance Z
What are X, Y and Z?
X
Y
Z
A
yeast
combustion
oxygen
B
glucose
combustion
steam
C
glucose
polymerisation
13
water
D much hydrogen
yeast is needed
fermentation
37 How
to react completelyglucose
with 0.02 moles of butene to make butane?
B 0.48 dm3
C 0.96 dm3
D 1.20 dm3
A 0.24 dm3
39 Which equation represents the formation of poly(propene) from propene?
30 2021 JUN P23 Q38
38 What is an advantage
compared with the
A of the fermentation process for producing ethanol
B
catalytic addition of steam to ethene?
CH3 H
H
H
H
H
CH3 H
A Fermentation requires less heat energy.
n C
n C
C
C
C
C
C
C
B Ethanol from fermentation needs to be distilled.
C
H materials
H
H
H are
Raw
for fermentation
n non-renewable. H
H
D
The fermentation process is carried out in batches rather than continuously.
C
O
C
H
C
H
H n
D
39 The structure
polymer
is shown.
CH3 H of a synthetic CH
3 H
n C OC
H
C
N
C
O
N
H n
H
C
CH3 H
n OC
C
C N
H
H
N
H
H
H
H
H
OC
C
C
C
H
H
abul fazal
H
H
H n
The structure shows that it is a ......1...... . It is formed by ......2...... polymerisation.
Which words complete gaps 1 and 2?
1
2
polyamide
addition
B
polyamide
condensation
C
polyester
addition
D
polyester
condensation
A
© UCLES 2020
0620/23/O/N/20
[Turn over
40 Which substance is a natural polymer?
A
ethene
B
Terylene
C
nylon
D protein
Alcohols WS 1
Abul Fazal
3
X
CH3CH2OH
2
A
Z
oil
lubricating fraction
3 diesel
CH3COOH
35
lubricating
fraction
diesel
oil
4 CH CH CH OH
B
3
2
C
A
Y
paraffin
paraffin
lubricating fraction
diesel oil
Acids
Esters
WS
14
1, 2 and 4 and
C 1,
3 and 4
D
2, 3 and
2
paraffin
1, 2 and 3
B
D
paraffin
diesel oil
1 2016 MAR P22 Q37
lubricating fraction
37 Which compounds contain the same number of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms?
36 Which compound is not an alkane, CnH2n+2?
W
X
Y
Z
A CH3CH2CH2CH3
ethyl methanoate
methyl ethanoate
methyl methanoate
ethyl ethanoate
B (CH3)2CHCH3
A
C
W and
X
CH
3CHCHCH
3 B
W and Y
C
X and Z
D
Y and Z
D (CH3)3CH
38 What is an advantage of producing ethanol by fermentation of sugar compared to the catalytic
2 2016 JUN P22 Q37
addition of steam to ethene?
37 An ester is formed when a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol.
A The alcohol produced is purer.
Which ester is formed when propanoic acid and ethanol react?
B The process is faster.
A CH3CO2CH2CH3
C The process uses high temperature.
B CH3CO2CH2CH2CH3
15
D The process uses renewable raw materials.
C CH3CH2CO2CH3
36 Which compound does not belong to the same homologous series as the other three
D CH3CH2CO2CH2CH3
compounds?
CH3OH
A
B
C2H5COOH
C
C2H5OH
D
C7H15OH
3 2016 JUN P23 Q37
37 The structure of an alkene and the structure of an ester are shown.
P
© UCLES 2016
H
Q
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
0620/22/M/J/16
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
O
C
O
H
H
C
C
H
H
abul fazal
H
What are the names of P and Q?
P
Q
A
but-1-ene
ethyl propanoate
B
but-1-ene
propyl ethanoate
C
but-2-ene
ethyl propanoate
but-2-ene
0620/21/M/J/16
propyl ethanoate
© UCLES
D2016
[Turn over
38 What is an advantage of producing ethanol by fermentation of sugar compared to the catalytic
addition of steam to ethene?
A
The alcohol produced is purer.
B
The process is faster.
C
The process uses high temperature.
D
The process uses renewable raw materials.
Abul Fazal
Acids and Esters WS 1
D A reaction general
with steam
B
general
different
functional group
decrease
similar
electronic structure
increase
C
general
functional group
36 Ethanol
is a fuel
used in cars. It cansimilar
be made36
from petroleum.
increase
D
molecular
similar
functional group
increase
cracking
C4H10 → C2H4 + C2H6
13
4 2016 MAR P22 Q38
producing ethanol
C2H4 + H2O → C2H5OH
38 Which structure represents a compound that dissolves in water to form an acidic solution?
35 Which equation representing a reaction of methane is correct?
C2H5OH + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O
burning
A
B
A CH4 + Cl 2 → CH3Cl + HCl
Compounds of how many homologous series appear in these equations?
H H H
H H H
B CH4 + Cl 2 → CH4Cl 2
A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4
H
C 2 +C H2 C
H C C C
C CH4 + Cl 2 → HCH2Cl
H 2 +orHsugar.
Heither
D 2CHis4 produced
+ 2Cl 2 →from
2CH
Cl
3ClH +ethene
2
37 Ethanol
H
H
Which type of chemical reaction is used in each case?
36 Which two compounds are molecules which both contain a double bond?
C
D
ethene
→ ethanol
sugar → ethanol
A ethane
and ethanoic
H H
H Hacid H H
O
addition
fermentation
B A ethane and
ethanol
H C C C
H C C C C O H
addition
fractional distillation
C B ethene and
ethanoic acid
O
H H
H H H H
distillation
fermentation
D C ethene and
ethanol
D
distillation
H
fractional distillation
37 Ethanol can be formed by:
5 2017 MAR P22 Q38
38 The structural
formula of an organic compound is shown.
1 fermentation
2
reaction between steam and
CH2COOCH3
CH3ethene.
Whichisofthe
these
processes
use a catalyst?
What
name
of this compound?
butanoic
1 acid
2
B A ethyl ethanoate
A
C B methyl propanoate D C propyl methanoate
D
abul fazal
6 2018 NOV P21 Q38
0620/22/F/M/16
[Turn over
38 When the alcohol CH3CH2CH2OH reacts with the carboxylic acid CH3CH2CH2COOH an ester is
formed.
© UCLES 2016
What is the name and structural formula of this ester?
name
0620/22/F/M/17
structural
formula
A
butyl propanoate
CH3CH2COOCH2CH2CH2CH3
B
butyl propanoate
CH3CH2CH2COOCH2CH2CH3
C
propyl butanoate
CH3CH2COOCH2CH2CH2CH3
D
propyl butanoate
CH3CH2CH2COOCH2CH2CH3
© UCLES 2017
© UCLES 2018
Acids and Esters WS 1
0620/21/O/N/18
[Turn over
Abul Fazal
A
Fermentation uses a higher temperature than the catalytic addition of steam to ethene.
uses
resource.
37 B
The Fermentation
diagram shows
partaofnon-renewable
the molecule of
a polymer.
The catalytic addition of steam to ethene 37
produces purer ethanol than fermentation.
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
The catalytic addition of steam to ethene uses a biological catalyst.
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
7 2017 JUN P21 Q39
H
H
39 The structure of an ester H
is shown.
H
H
H
H
H
H
Which diagram shows the monomer from
this polymer could be manufactured?
H which
H
O
A
BH
H
H
C
H
H
H
Which row is correct?
H
C
C
H
C
H H
C H
H
H
H
C
C
H
O
C
C
D
HH
H
H C
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
H
names oforthe
acid
and of steam to ethene.
38 Ethanol is manufactured by fermentation
bycarboxylic
the catalytic
addition
name of ester
the alcohol used to form the ester
What is an advantage of ethanol manufacture by fermentation instead of by the catalytic addition
propanoate
methanoic acid and propanol
of A
steammethyl
to ethene?
methyl
propanoateby fermentation
methanolisand
propanoic
acid
A B Ethanol
manufactured
purified
by distillation.
propyl
methanoate
methanoic
acid and
propanol
B C Ethanol
manufacture
by fermentation
produces
purer
ethanol.
propyl
methanoate
methanol
andlarge
propanoic
acid
C D Ethanol
manufacture
by fermentation
uses
areas of
land.
D Ethanol manufacture by fermentation uses renewable resources.
40
Keratin
is a P22
protein
that is found in human hair.
8 2017 JUN
Q39
39 Keratin
The formula
of an ester
is CHdown
COOCHamino
3CH2CH
2CH2CH
3.
is chemically
broken
to 2produce
acids.
Whichisacid
alcohol
together
to make the ester?
What
the and
name
of thisreact
chemical
process?
A
catalysis acid
alcohol
B A hydration
butanoic acid
butanol
C B hydrolysis
butanoic acid
propanol
D C polymerisation
propanoic acid
butanol
D
abul fazal
propanoic acid
propanol
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
© UCLES 2017
0620/22/M/J/17
[Turn over
To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
International Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at
www.cie.org.uk after the live examination series.
Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local
Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
© UCLES 2017
Abul Fazal
0620/21/M/J/17
Acids and Esters WS 1
batch
pure
Y CH3–CH=CH
Xrenewable
CH2=CH2
2 ethanol Z
raw material
process
formed
What do compounds X, Y and Z have in common?
38
renewable
impure ethanol
fast
D
raw
material
formed
reaction
1 They are all alkenes.
slow2–CH=CH2
CH3–CH
reaction
C
finite raw
material
2 P23
They
are all part of the same homologous series.
9 2017 JUN
Q39
39 The structure of an ester is shown.
3 They all have the same boiling point.
A
1, 2 and 3
B
H H
1 and 2 only
C
H
C
1Oand 3 only
H H
C
C
38 The diagram shows a reaction sequence.
H H
O
C
D
C
2 and 3 only
H
X
Y
H H
butane
ethene
ethanol
Which alcohol and carboxylic acid produce this ester?
Z
carbon dioxide
and water
Which row names the processes X, Y and Z?
alcohol
carboxylic acid
A
X
ethanol
Y
ethanoic
acid
Z
B
A
ethanol
cracking
propanoic acid respiration
fermentation
C
B
propanol
cracking
ethanoic acid combustion
hydration
D
C
propanol
distillation
propanoic acid respiration
fermentation
D
distillation
hydration
combustion
40 How can the amino acids in a protein be separated and identified?
10 2017 NOV P21 Q39
A Add
a locating
agent tocan
thebe
protein.
39 Which
pair
of compounds
used to prepare CH3CH2COOCH2CH3?
B
A
Hydrolyseacid
the and
protein
and then use chromatography.
ethanoic
ethanol
C
B
Polymerise
theand
protein
and then add a locating agent.
ethanoic
acid
propanol
D
C
Use chromatography
on a solution of the protein.
propanoic
acid and ethanol
D
propanoic acid and propanol
13
abul fazal
11 2017 NOV P22 Q39
The
structure of an ester is shown.
©39
UCLES
2017
©
UCLES
H
[Turn over
0620/23/M/J/17
0620/21/O/N/17
H
H
O
C
C
C
H
H
O
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
Which substances react to form this ester?
A
ethanol and ethanoic acid
B
ethanol and propanoic acid
C
propanol and ethanoic acid
D
propanol and propanoic acid
40 A polymer can be made from methyl propene.
H
CH3
C
Acids and Esters WS 1
H
C
CH3
Which diagram shows the structure of the polymer?
Abul Fazal
A
cracking
fermentation
respiration
B
cracking
hydration
combustion
C
distillation
fermentation
39
respiration
D
distillation
hydration
combustion
14
12 2017 NOV P23 Q39
39 Three
The structure
of reactions
an ester isare
shown.
37
chemical
shown.
1
H
catalytic additionHof steam
toOethene
2
combustionHof ethanol
C C
3
fermentation of glucose
H H
C
O
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
H
In which of the reactions does the relative molecular
of the carbon-containing compound
H H mass
H H
decrease?
Which combination of carboxylic acid and alcohol produces this ester?
A 1 and 2
B 1 only
C 2 and 3
D 3 only
carboxylic acid
alcohol
38 How
produced
A is ethanol
butanoic
acid by fermentation?
ethanol
A B using butanoic
anaerobicacid
conditions at propanol
30 °C
butanol
°C
B C using ethanoic
anaerobicacid
conditions at 450
acid
C D usingpropanoic
steam at 30
°C
butanol
using steam at 450 °C
D
12
13 2018 MAR P22 Q39
39 Ethanol
Which substances
together to or
form
ethyl
propanoate?
38
is producedreact
by fermentation
from
ethene.
© UCLES 2017
[Turn over
0620/23/O/N/17
A ethanoic
acid and propanol
What
is a disadvantage
of producing ethanol by fermentation?
B
A
ethanol and
Distillation
is propene
needed to purify the ethanol produced.
C
B
ethene and propanol
Fermentation
uses glucose from plants.
D
C
propanoic acid
ethanol
Fermentation
is and
catalysed
by enzymes in yeast.
D Fermentation occurs at a low temperature and pressure.
40 The structure of a chlorofluorocarbon polymer is shown.
abul fazal
14 2018 JUN P21 Q39
39 Which structural formula represents methyl
CH propanoate?
Cl CH Cl
3
A
CH3CH2COOCH3
B
CH3COOCH2CH2CH3
C
C
H
F
H
C CH3CH2CH2COOCH3
Which monomer is used to make this polymer?
D HCOOCH2CH2CH3
F
A
C
3
C
B
C
D
40 Which row describes
polymerisation
polymerisation?
CH3addition
Cl
H Cl and condensation
CH3 F
CH3 H
C Cpolymerisation
C
addition
C
Ccondensation
C
C C
polymerisation
A
monomers
CH3 bond
F have
H a C=C double
F
and the polymer is the only product
monomers
bond
Cl H have a C=C
Cl double
F
and the polymer is the only product
B
monomers have a C=C double bond
and the polymer is the only product
the monomers react to form the
polymer and a small molecule
C
the monomers react to form the
polymer and a small molecule
monomers have a C=C double bond
and the polymer is the only product
D
the monomers react to form the
the monomers react to form the
polymer and a small molecule 0620/22/F/M/18polymer and a small molecule
Acids and Esters WS 1
© UCLES 2018
Abul Fazal
A
Process 1 uses a renewable starting material.
B
Process 1 is done at a very high temperature.
C
Process 2 involves fermentation.
D
Process 2 is done at room temperature.
40
15 2018 JUN P22 Q39
13reaction shown?
39 What is the name of the organic product of the
38 Which row describes an advantage
a disadvantage
of making
ethanol by fermentation?
COOH
+ CH CH OH
→
CH and
3
3
2
ethyl ethanoateadvantage
A
disadvantage
B A ethyl methanoate
uses a renewable resource
occurs at a slow rate
needs a high temperature
C B methyl ethanoate
produces impure ethanol as a product
produces
pure ethanol as a product
D C methyl
propanoate
D
needs a high temperature
occurs at a slow rate
uses a non-renewable resource
40 2018
WhichJUN
two compounds
16
P23 Q39 react together to form a condensation polymer?
39 Which
esters
have the molecular formula C5H10O2?
A HOCH
2CH2OH and CH3COOH
B
and CH3NH2
HOCH
1 2CH
ethyl
propanoate
2OH
C
and H2NCH2CH2NH2
HOCH
2 2CH
propyl
2OH ethanoate
D
HOCH
and HOOCCH2CH2COOH
3 2CH
butyl
methanoate
2OH
4
methyl butanoate
A
1, 2, 3 and 4
B
1, 2 and 3 only
C
1 and 2 only
D
3 and 4 only
40 A polymer linkage contains carbon, hydrogen,14
nitrogen and oxygen atoms.
17 2018 NOV P21 Q39
15
39 Which
A solution
ethanol
water
left to stand in an open beaker in a warm room for three weeks.
row of
about
the and
polymer
is is
correct?
abul fazal
38 Ethanol is manufactured from ethene.
Which statement explains what happens to the ethanol in the solution?
type of
formed by
What is anpolymer
advantage of this process?
A The ethanol is dehydrated to ethene.
AA The
It is ethanol
apolyamide
continuous
process.
addition
polymerisation
B
is hydrolysed
to ethene.
BB2018
It has
high labour
costs.
polyamide
condensation
polymerisation
C
The
ethanol
is oxidised
to ethanoic acid.
© UCLES
0620/22/M/J/18
polyester
addition
polymerisation
CC The
It needs
high
temperature
and pressure.
D
ethanol
is reduced
to ethanoic
acid.
polyester
DD It uses
non-renewablecondensation
materials. polymerisation
40 2018
The structure
of aQ39
polymer is shown.
NOV P22
18
39 Which reaction can be used to make
ethanoic
acid?
H CH
CH
CH3
3 H
3 H
A
oxidation of ethanol
C
C
B
oxidation of ethene
H
CH3 H
C
reduction of ethanol
D
reduction of ethene
C
C
C
C
CH3 H
CH3
Which monomer is used to make this polymer?
A
B
C
CH
CH3 H
3 CH
3
40 The structure of
an
addition
polymer
is shown.
Acids
and2018
Esters WS 1C
© UCLES
C
C
H
H
H
H
C
H
C 0620/23/M/J/18 C
OH H
CH3
C
C
D
C
OH H
CH3 H
C
CH3 H
CH3
C
OH
C
C
C
CH3 H
Abul Fazal
B
6→4→1→2→5→3
C
6→4→2→1→3→5
D
6→4→2→1→5→3
41
19 2018 NOV P23 Q39
39 Which statement about ethanoic acid is correct?
A
It contains a –C2H5 group.
B
It is a strong acid.
C
It is formed by the reduction of ethanol.
D
It reacts with alcohols to form esters.
11
40 2021
The structure
of Q33
a polymer is shown.
20
NOV P22
33 What is the structure of the ester formed
acid Cl
and propanol?
H ClfromHethanoic
Cl H
A
C
C
H Cl H Cl
H H
H C C C
Which monomer is used to make this polymer?
O C C H
H H
A
B
H H
Cl H Cl
Cl
Cl Cl
H
H
Cl
H
H
C
C
H
C
H
H
Cl
H
C
C
C
Cl
H D
H
C
C
H
H
C Cl
H
C
H
C
O
C
H
C
B
C
H
C
C
C
Cl
H
C
Cl
H
O
C
H
H
C
C
H
O
C
H
C
H
H
H D
C
O
H
Cl
H
C
H
C
Cl
H
O
C
O
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
abul fazal
© UCLES 2018
H
H
C
H
H
H
C
0620/23/O/N/18
H
O
H
34 Fuel X produces carbon dioxide and water when it is burned in air. So does fuel Y.
What could X and Y be?
X
Y
A
C
H2
B
C
C8H18
C
CH4
H2
D
CH4
C8H18
Abul Fazal
Acids and Esters WS 1
42
12
21 2021 JUN P21 Q34
34 Compound Z contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
Molecules of compound Z have four hydrogen atoms and two carbon atoms.
Compound Z can be made by oxidation of an alcohol.
What is compound Z?
A
ethene
B
ethanol
C
ethanoic acid
D
methyl methanoate
12
35 2021
WhichJUN
statement
about homologous series and isomerism is correct?
22
P23 Q34
34 Ethanol
is reacted
with acidified
potassium
manganate(VII).
A Butane
and butene
are structural
isomers.
Which
row describes
thesame
type of
reaction and
the type
of the
organic
formed?
B Compounds
in the
homologous
series
have
samecompound
general formula.
C
Compounds in the same homologous series have the same molecular formula.
type of reaction
organic compound
D Structural isomers have different molecular formulae.
A
oxidation
carboxylic acid
B
oxidation
alkene
36 Which statement about alkanes is correct?
C
dehydration
carboxylic acid
A They burn in oxygen.
D
dehydration
alkene
B They contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
C diagrams
They contain
bonds. formulae of13
35 The
showdouble
the structural
four compounds.
23 2020 NOV P23 Q37
Theyiscontain
ionic
bonds.
37 D
Propanol
oxidised
by acidified
potassium manganate(VII) in a similar
1
2 way to ethanol.
abul fazal
H H by the oxidation ofH propanol with
H acidified
H
H His H
Which compound
produced
potassium
37 What
is an advantage
of manufacturing ethanol by fermentation?
manganate(
VII)?
H C C C C C H
H C C C C C H
A CH
The3CH
process
2OH is very fast.
H
H H H H H
H H H
B CH
The3CH
ethanol
requires no separation.
2CH2OH
H C H
C CH
The3COOH
raw materials used are renewable.
H
D CH
There
no other products formed.
3CHare
2COOH
3
4
38 The flow chart shows the preparation of ethanol and some important chemistry of ethanol.
H H H H
H H H H H
substanceHX
fermentation
C C C C ethanol
H
process Y
H
C +Csubstance
H C carbon
C Cdioxide
Z
H H
H Z?
H H H
What are X, Y and
H C H
H C
X
Y
Z
H
H
A
yeast
combustion
oxygen
Which two compounds are structural isomers?
B
glucose
combustion
steam
Acids A
and 1
Esters
and 3WS 1
B 1 and 4
C 2 and 3
D 2 and 4
glucose
polymerisation 0620/21/M/J/21
water
© UCLESC2021
D
yeast
fermentation
glucose
H
H
Abul Fazal
A
B
They burn
oxygen.
Ethanol
caninbe
made from ethene but propane is obtained from petroleum.
B
C
They contain
carbon,
hydrogenis and
oxygen atoms.
Ethanol
is a liquid
but propane
a gas.
C
D
43as other alcohols but propane does not.
They contain
double
bonds.
Ethanol
contains
the same
functional group
D They contain ionic bonds.
37 Chlorine reacts with methane.
24
2021 JUN P22 Q37
37 Which
Which statements
statementsare
about
ethanoic acid are correct?
correct?
11
It is reaction
a strong takes
acid. place in the dark.
The
22
It reacts
withofethanol
towith
formmethane
an ester.forms chloromethane.
The
reaction
chlorine
33
COOH.
It has the formula
CH3with
Chloromethane
reacts
chlorine to produce dichloromethane.
15
4 2 only
The reaction
chlorine
methane
addition
1 and
B 1ofand
3 onlywith C
2 andis3an
only
D reaction.
1, 2 and 3
A
1 and
2
B homologous
1 and 3
C is 2not
and
3
36 A
Which
statement
about
series
correct?
D
3 and 4
25 2019
P21 Q38
A AllJUN
homologous
series are hydrocarbons.
38 Which statements about aqueous ethanoic acid are correct?
B Members of a homologous series have the same functional group.
C
1 Ethanoic
acid contains
the
functional
–COOH.
Members
of a homologous
series
have
similar group
chemical
properties.
D
Ethanoic
acid
reactsof
with
carbonates series.
to produce hydrogen.
The 2alkanes
are an
example
a homologous
13
3 Ethanoic acid turns Universal Indicator paper blue.
37 Which
In bright
ethane
and
chlorine
combine
substitution
reactions.
36
statements
about
homologous
series
are in
correct?
4sunlight,
Ethanoic
acid
has
a pH lower
than
pH
7.
Which
compound
is B
not formed
in these
reactions?
1 2 All members
chemical
properties.
A
1 and
1have
and 3similar
C 1 and
4
D
2 and 4
molecular
B Chave
C2H4Clmass.
C2H2
3Cl All members
2H5Clthe sameC
2
D
HCl
A
39 2019
The structure
of an
ester
is shown.
3 P22
Ethane
and ethene
are members of the same homologous series.
JUN
Q38
26
38 What are4 theEthane
properties
aqueous
ethanoic
acid?
andofpropane
are
members
of the same homologous series.
O
B 1 and 4 CHreacts
2 and 3
D 2 and 4
with
0620/22/M/J/21
[Turn over
3 CC
decolourises
turns damp red
calcium carbonate to
bromine water
litmus blue
2CH2CH3
make carbonOCH
dioxide
37 Which type of reaction takes place when methane reacts with chlorine in the presence of
A is the
ultraviolet
light?
What
nameof the ester?
A 2021
1 and 3
© UCLES
abul fazal
A B addition
ethyl propanoate
B C cracking
methyl propanoate
C D polymerisation
propyl ethanoate
D substitution
propyl methanoate
39 The structures of four molecules are shown.
27 2019 JUN P23 Q38
38 Which 1statement about aqueous
ethanoic acid is correct?
2
3
A
4
It reacts
to form salts,
H
H hydrogen
H
H and water.
O with metal carbonates
B 2019
It reacts with metal oxides to form salts
and oxygen.
© UCLES
H C OH
H0620/21/M/J/19
C
C
C
H C
OH
H
C It reacts with reactive metals to form salts and hydrogen.
OH
H
H
H
H
D It turns damp red litmus paper blue.
Which molecules react together to form the ester propyl methanoate?
39 The
shown.
A structure
1 and 2 of esterBW is
1 and
3
C
2 and 4
H
H
C
H
Abul Fazal
D
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
C
OH
3 and 4
O
H
C
O
C
H
H
Acids and Esters WS 1
Which row gives the names of ester W and the carboxylic acid and alcohol from which it is made?
44
14
37 Increasing the number of atoms in one molecule
14 of a hydrocarbon increases the amount of
28 2020
P22when
Q38it burns.
energyMAR
released
38 Ethanoic acid is a typical carboxylic acid.
What is the correct order?
13
Which statement about ethanoic acid is correct?
more
energy
less energy
36 Which statement
about a homologous series
is correct?
A It can released
be oxidised to produce ethanol. released
A All members have the same general formula.
B A It is a proton
etheneacceptor. ethane
methane
B All members have the same molecular formula.
C B It is fully
dissociated in methane
water.
ethene
ethane
C All members have similar physical properties.
D C It reacts
with ethanol to produce
methane
ethane ethyl ethanoate
ethene and water.
D Members show a trend in their chemical properties.
D
methane
ethene
ethane
39 Which structure represents the ester made from ethanoic acid and propanol?
29
2020 JUN P22 Q38
37 Increasing the number of atoms in one molecule of a hydrocarbon increases the amount of
38 An
organic
compound,
reacts with zinc to produce a gas, Q.
B
A P,
energy
released
when
it burns.
H PH
H
O
What are
and Q?
What is the
correct order?
H
A
B
A
C PC O
less energy
released
H ethanoic
H H acid
C
D
C
ethanoic
etheneacid
C
ethanol
ethene
H Hethanol
O
methane
HD
C
C
B
C C O
methane
C
H
H
H
O
H C
more energy
carbon
H dioxide released H
C
C
C QH
hydrogen
ethane
methane
carbon dioxide
methane
H H
hydrogen
ethane
ethane
C ethene
C H
ethane H
O
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
D
ethene
H
O
C
C
O
H
39 Alkanes undergo substitution reactions in the presence of UV light.
H H
H
30 2020 H
JUNHP23 Q38
H H
38 Which
A smallequation
quantityrepresents
of a solid chemical
is added
to aof
large
excess of aqueous ethanoic acid.
a substitution
reaction
ethane?
40 A
Thebubbles
structure
a polymer
shown.
Clof
C2seen
H4 +isand
2HCl
C
No
gas
the solid dissolves to give a colourless solution.
2H6 + of
2 →are
B
H6 +theClsolid
C2H
H5Cl + HCl O
2 → chemical?
WhatC2was
H
O
N
C
abul fazal
C
A
C
2H6 + Cl 2 → C2H
calcium
hydroxide N4Cl 2 + H2 C
N
C
D
B
C2H6 + HCl → C2H5Cl + H2
copper(II) oxide
H
O
C magnesium
Which substances
statements are
about
the polymer
are correct?
40 Which
natural
polymers?
D sodium carbonate
The polymer is nylon.
11 proteins
2 carbohydrates
The polymer is formed by condensation polymerisation.
39 Alkanes 2undergo
substitution reactions with chlorine in the presence of ultraviolet light.
There are ester linkages between the monomers.
33 nylon
Which equation shows a reaction of this type?
4 2 poly(ethene)
A 1 and
B 2 and 3
C 2 only
D 3 only
A C3H6 + Cl 2 → C3H6Cl 2
A 1 and 2
B 1 and 3
C 2 and 3
D 3 and 4
B C3H8 + Cl 2 → C3H6Cl 2 + H2
C
C3H8 + 2Cl 2 → C3H6Cl 2 + 2HCl
D
C3H6 + Cl 2 → C3H5Cl + HCl
© UCLES 2020
© UCLES 2020
0620/22/M/J/20
0620/22/F/M/20
Acids and Esters WS 1
© UCLES 2020
0620/23/M/J/20
Abul Fazal
[Turn over
A
5
6
B
5
12
C
6
5
D
12
5
31 2021 MAR P22 Q38
45
38 The formula of an ester is CH3CH2CH2COOCH2CH2CH3.
Which acid and alcohol react together to make the ester?
acid
alcohol
A
butanoic acid
butanol
B
butanoic acid
propanol
C
propanoic acid
butanol
D
propanoic acid
propanol
14
39 Molecule 1 undergoes a process to make molecule
2.
32 2019 MAR P22 Q39
39 The structure of a compound, G, is shown. process
molecule 1
G is in the same homologous series as ethanoic acid.
molecule 2
Which row describes the molecules and the process?
H H O
A
molecule 1
H process
C C
monomer
cracking
H H
C
2
O molecule
H
polymer
B
monomer
polymerisation
polymer
Which row describes some of the properties of an aqueous solution of G?
C
small molecule
polymerisation
monomer
D
produces
a gas
small
molecule
with magnesium
turns
methyl orange
cracking
yellow
A
no
yes
monomer
abul fazal
B
C
D
no
no
yes
no
yes
yes
40 Which statement about polymers is correct?
© UCLES 2021
0620/22/F/M/21
[Turn over
O
A
Nylon contains the
B
Nylon is a polyester.
C
Propane can be polymerised by addition polymerisation.
D
The linkage in Terylene contains a carbon-carbon double bond.
Abul Fazal
C
N
linkage.
H
Acids and Esters WS 1
D
2 Ethanoic acid reacts with carbonates to produce hydrogen.
Members of a homologous series have the same functional group.
3 Ethanoic acid turns Universal Indicator paper blue.
Members of a homologous series have similar chemical properties.
4 Ethanoic acid has a pH lower than
7.
46pHseries.
The alkanes are an example of a homologous
A
1 and 2
B
C
B
1 and 3
C
1 and 4
D
2 and 4
37 2019
In bright
sunlight,
ethane and chlorine combine in substitution reactions.
33
JUN
P21 Q39
39 The structure of an ester is shown.
Which compound is not formed in these reactions?
13
O
B C2H5Cl
C C2H4Cl 2
A C2H3Cl
36 Which statements about homologous series are correct?
CH3 C
D
HCl
membersofhave
similar
chemical
properties.
38 What are1 theAll
properties
aqueous
ethanoic
acid?
OCH
CH CH
2
2
3
2 All members have the same molecular mass.
reacts with
What is the decolourises
name of the ester?
turns damp red
3 Ethane and ethene calcium
are members
of thetosame homologous
series.
carbonate
bromine water
litmus blue
make
carbon
dioxide
A ethyl propanoate
4 Ethane and propane are members of the same homologous series.
B A methyl propanoate
A 1 and 3
B 1 and 4
C 2 and 3
D 2 and 4
C B propyl ethanoate
methane reacts with chlorine in the presence of
D C propyl
37 Which
typemethanoate
of reaction
takes place when
ultraviolet
light? D
A addition
34 2019
JUN P22 Q39
39 B
The cracking
structures of four molecules are shown.
C 2019
polymerisation
© UCLES
1
D
substitution
O
2
0620/21/M/J/19
3
H
H
H
4
H
H C OH
H C
C
C OH
H
H C
38 Which statement about aqueous ethanoic acid is correct?
OH
H
H
H
H
A It reacts with metal carbonates to form salts, hydrogen and water.
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
C
OH
Which
molecules
react together
formsalts
the and
esteroxygen.
propyl methanoate?
B
It reacts
with metal
oxides totoform
C
A
It1 reacts
salts2and
and 2 with reactive
B 1metals
and 3 to form C
andhydrogen.
4
D
D
It turns damp red litmus paper blue.
3 and 4
abul fazal
35 2019 JUN P23 Q39
39 The structure of ester W is shown.
H
H
C
H
O
H
C
O
C
H
H
Which
the carboxylic acid and alcohol from which it[Turn
is made?
© UCLES
2019row gives the names of ester W and
0620/22/M/J/19
over
name of ester W
carboxylic acid
alcohol
A
ethyl methanoate
ethanoic acid
methanol
B
ethyl methanoate
methanoic acid
ethanol
C
methyl ethanoate
ethanoic acid
methanol
D
methyl ethanoate
methanoic acid
ethanol
Acids and Esters WS 1
© UCLES 2019
0620/23/M/J/19
Abul Fazal
[Turn over
A
It can be oxidised to produce ethanol.
D
H
It reacts with ethanol to produceHethyl ethanoate
and water.
14
B It is a proton acceptor.
37 Propene is an alkene that reacts with bromine, 47
steam and hydrogen as shown.
C It is fully dissociated in water.
36 2020 MAR P22 Q39
C C C H
39 Which structure represents the ester made from ethanoic acid and propanol?
H
H H
B
14
bromine
hydrogen
steam
H H H
O H
H H O
H H H
37 Increasing the number of atoms in one molecule of a hydrocarbon increases the amount of
K
H Creleased
C C
C J C H
H C LC C O C C C H
energy
whenOit burns.
A
What are
the
products
of these reactions?
H
H order?
H
isHthe
correct
H
J
K more energy
less energy
C
released
released
H bromopropane
H O
H H propanol
ethene
ethane
methane
dibromopropane
propanoic acid
C C O Cmethane
C ethene
C H
ethane H
dibromopropane
propanol
ethene
H methane
H
H ethane
H
bromopropane
propanoic acid
methane
ethene
ethane
A
A
B
HB
C
C
D
D
H
L
butane
H O
propane
C
C
propane
H
butane
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
D
O
H
40 The structure
of aQ39
polymer is shown.
JUN
P22
37
38 2020
The flow
chart
shows the preparation of ethanol and some important chemistry of ethanol.
38 An organic compound, P, reacts with zinc to produce a gas, Q.
H
O
O
fermentation
process Y H
substance
X
ethanol
carbon
dioxide
+ substance Z
What are P and Q?
N
C N
C N
C
What are X, Y and Z?
P
Q
H
O
X acid
Y dioxide
Z
A
ethanoic
carbon
Which statements about the polymer are correct?
B
ethanoic
hydrogen
A
yeast acid
combustion
oxygen
1 The polymer is nylon.
C
ethanol
carbon dioxide
B
glucose
combustion
steam
2 The polymer is formed by condensation polymerisation.
D
ethanol
hydrogen
C
glucose
polymerisation
water
3 There are ester linkages between the monomers.
D
yeast
fermentation
glucose
A
1
and
2
B
2
and
3
C
2
only
D 3 only
39 Alkanes undergo substitution reactions in the presence of UV light.
abul fazal
38 2020 NOV P21 Q39
39 Which equation
statements
about aqueous
ethanoic
acid are
represents
a substitution
reaction
of correct?
ethane?
A
→ alkane.
C2H4 + 2HCl
C2H61 + Cl
It is2 an
B
It reacts
with
sodium
carbonate to form carbon dioxide.
C2H62 + Cl
+ HCl
2 → C
2H5Cl
C
It changes
the
C2H63 + Cl
2 → C2H
4Clcolour
2 + H2of litmus solution from blue to red.
D
It is a→
hydrocarbon.
C2H5Cl + H2
C2H64 + HCl
A 1 and 2
B 1 and 4
C 2 and 3
0620/22/F/M/20
40 Which substances are natural polymers?
© UCLES 2020
© UCLES 2020
A
1
proteins
2
carbohydrates
3
nylon
4
poly(ethene)
1 and 2
3 and 4
D
3 and 4
0620/21/O/N/20
B
1 and 3
C
2 and 3
Abul Fazal
© UCLES 2020
D
Acids and Esters WS 1
0620/22/M/J/20
B
condensation
C
oxidation
D
substitution
48
39 2021 NOV P21 Q39
39 Which statement about aqueous ethanoic acid is correct?
A
It reacts with magnesium to produce a salt and hydrogen.
B
It reacts with sodium hydroxide to produce a salt and hydrogen.
C
It reacts with ammonium salts to produce ammonia.
D
It turns red litmus blue.
© UCLES 2021
0620/21/O/N/21
abul fazal
Acids and Esters WS 1
Abul Fazal
Which pair of metals produces the highest voltage?
X
Y
A copper and magnesium
A
combustion
combustion
B magnesium and platinum
49
B
combustion
thermal decomposition
C magnesium and zinc
C
thermal decomposition
combustion
D silver and platinum
D
thermal decomposition
thermal decomposition
Fuels and Cracking WS 1
1 2017 JUN P21 Q11
11 Some properties of four fuels are shown in the table.
33 The ions present in ammonium sulfate are formed from the products of the Contact and Haber
Which
fuel is a gas at room temperature and makes two products when it burns in a plentiful
processes.
supply of air?
Both of these processes involve the use of a catalyst.
Which rowfuel
is correct?formula
melting point
/ °C
boiling point
/ °C
A
hydrogen
ion
H2
formed –259
from
–253
process
catalyst
B
A
methane
ammonium CH4
–182
ammonia
–164
Contact
iron
C
B
octane
ammonium C8H18
–57
ammonia
126
Haber
vanadium(V) oxide
D
C
wax
60
sulfate C31H64 sulfuric acid
400
Contact
vanadium(V) oxide
Haber
iron
D
sulfate
sulfuric acid
2 2017 MAR P22 Q34
34 The table shows the composition of four different types of petroleum.
© UCLES 2017
fraction
Arabian Heavy
/%
Arabian Light
/%
Iranian Heavy
/%
North Sea
/%
gasoline
18
21
21
23
kerosene
11
15
13
15
diesel oil
18
0620/21/M/J/17
21
20
24
fuel oil
53
43
46
38
[Turn over
Which type of petroleum is best for the motor vehicle industry?
A
Arabian Heavy
B
Arabian Light
C
Iranian Heavy
D
North Sea
abul fazal
© UCLES 2017
Abul Fazal
0620/22/F/M/17
[Turn over
Fuels and Cracking WS 1
50
12
3 2016 MAR P22 Q35
35 What is the name of fraction X?
fractions
refinery gas
14
33 One step in the manufacture of sulfuric acid is the oxidation of
sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide.
gasoline
Which conditions are used for this step?
X
temperature
/ °C
pressure
/ atmospheres
catalyst
kerosene
A
450
1.5
diesel oil
iron
B
450
1.5
vanadium(
V) oxide fraction
lubricating
C
450
petroleum
200
iron
D
450
200
vanadium(V) oxide
bitumen
A alcohol
34 Which
process is used to make lime (calcium oxide) from limestone (calcium carbonate)?
fuel oil
AB chromatography
naphtha
BC electrolysis
paraffin distillation
CD fractional
D thermal decomposition
36 Which compounds are alkanes?
4 2016 JUN P23 Q35
35 The diagram shows the separation of petroleum into fractions.
compound
W
X
Y
formula
A
C4H10
C5H10
C6H12
Z
C6H14
gasoline
D Y and Z
abul fazal
W and X
B
W and Z
C
X and Y
X
Y
petroleum
Z
bitumen
What could X, Y and Z represent?
X
Y
Z
A
diesel oil
lubricating fraction
paraffin
B
lubricating fraction
diesel oil
paraffin
C
paraffin
lubricating fraction
diesel oil
D 2016
© UCLES
paraffin
diesel oil0620/22/F/M/16
lubricating fraction
Fuels and Cracking WS 1
© UCLES 2016
Abul Fazal
0620/23/M/J/16
33 Sulfuric acid is manufactured by a series of chemical reactions, one of which is catalysed by
vanadium(V) oxide.
yes
no
yes
no
13 51
What is the equation for the reaction catalysed by vanadium(V) oxide?
A
D acid.
33 The following scheme
shows fourBstages in the conversion C
of sulfur to sulfuric
A S + O2 → SO2
5 2016
NOV
P21
In which
stage
is aQ35
catalyst used?
B 2S + 3O2 → 2SO3
35 Petroleum is an important fossil fuel.
A
stage B
C 2SO2 + O2 → 2SOstage
3
sulfur
sulfur
Which rowsulfur
correctly describes petroleum?
dioxide
trioxide
air
D SO3 + H2O → H2SOair
4
type of substance
composition
A substance
compound
mainly
hydrocarbons
34 Which
gives off carbon dioxide
on heating?
compound
A B lime
C
mixture
B limestone
D
mixture
C limewater
D slaked lime
36 Butane reacts as shown.
stage C
only hydrogen and carbon
concentrated
sulfuric
acid
mainly hydrocarbons
only hydrogen and
carbon
stage
D
concentrated
sulfuric acid
water
oleum
6 2016 NOV P22 Q35
34 Petroleum
Slaked limeisisseparated
used to neutralise
ancatalyst
acidic soil.
35
into fractions.
butane
butene + hydrogen
and heat
How
does
the
pH
of
the
soil
change?
Which statement is not correct?
What is this type of reaction?
A Each fraction
from contains
to a mixture of hydrocarbon molecules.
A
combustion
B A Fuel oil 6burns easily and
7 is used as fuel in cars.
B Refinery
cracking gas is the fraction containing the smallest molecules.
C
B
7
8
C
polymerisation
D C The fractions
are separated
depending on their boiling point range.
8
7
D D reduction
8
6
7 2016 NOV P23 Q35
35 Which list shows the fractions obtained from distilling petroleum, in order of increasing boiling
point?
A
bitumen → diesel oil → fuel oil → lubricating oil
© UCLES
0620/22/O/N/16
B 2016
diesel oil → gasoline → naphtha → kerosene
C
abul fazal
gasoline → naphtha → kerosene → diesel oil
© UCLES
D 2016
kerosene → lubricating oil → naphtha0620/21/O/N/16
→ refinery gas
[Turn over
© UCLES 2016
[Turn over
Abul Fazal
0620/23/O/N/16
Fuels and Cracking WS 1
A
It is made by the Haber process.
B
C
It is made in the atmosphere by the action of lightning.
52
It reacts with ammonia to produce a fertiliser.
D
It reacts with copper metal to produce hydrogen
gas.
14
8 2017 JUN P21 Q35
35 Which fraction of petroleum is not matched to its correct use?
34 Statements about methods of manufacture and uses of calcium oxide are shown.
1
fraction
use
It is manufactured by reacting
acids with calcium carbonate.
A
2 bitumen
It is manufacturedmaking
by heating
calcium carbonate.
roads
B
3 gasoline
It is used to desulfurise
flue
gases.
fuel for
cars
C
fuel for ships
4 kerosene
It is used to treat alkaline
soil.
D statements
naphtha
chemical industry
Which
are correct?
A 1 and 2
B 1 and 4
C 2 and 3
D
36 The diagram shows the structures of two organic molecules.
3 and 4
35 The industrial fractional distillation of petroleum is shown.
H
9 2017 JUN P22 Q35
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
H
H
H
Hrefinery
O gas
H
C
C C C H
gasoline fraction
H H H
naphtha fraction
H
Which statement about these molecules is not correct?
kerosene fraction
A
They are both alcohols.
B
diesel
oil
They both produce carbon dioxide and water when they burn
in oxygen.
C
They contain different functional groups.
D
They have
the same general formula.
petroleum
Y
fuel oil fraction
lubricating fraction
and bitumen
37 The diagram shows part of the molecule of a polymer.
H
H
Which process happens at Y?
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
abul fazal
A
burning
B
condensation
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
C cracking
Which diagram shows the monomer from which this polymer could be manufactured?
D evaporation
A
B
C
D
H
H
© UCLES 2017
C
H
H
© UCLES 2017
Fuels and Cracking WS 1
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
C
0620/22/M/J/17
H
H
C
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
H
0620/21/M/J/17
Abul Fazal
34 The diagram shows the pH values of the soil in two parts of a garden, X and Y.
53
X
pH 7.0
10 2017 JUN P23 Q35
13
Y
pH 5.5
35 Fuel oil, gasoline, kerosene and naphtha are four fractions obtained from the fractional distillation
of petroleum.
What
the order
of the boiling
points
of these
fractions?
Lime is used
to neutralise
the soil
in one
part of
the garden.
To whichhighest
part ofboiling
the garden
theboiling
lime be
added and why?
point should
→ lowest
point
fuel
→ naphtha
partoil
of→
thekerosene
garden → gasoline
because
lime is
A
fuel oil → kerosene → naphtha → gasoline
X
acidic
gasoline → naphtha → kerosene → fuel oil
X
basic
naphtha → gasoline → kerosene → fuel oil
Y
acidic
12
D
Y
basic
36 Limestone
Butane andismethylpropane
are isomers
34
an important material
with with
manymolecular
uses. formula C4H10.
B
A
C
B
D
C
11 2018 MAR P22 Q35
Which
statements
aretocorrect?
is
produce
35 Limestone
Statement
1 heated
Hydrogen
is used......1......
as a fuel.and carbon dioxide.
1 2 They
have
similar chemical
properties.
This
reaction
isWhen
called
......2......
.
Statement
hydrogen
burns
in the
air to form water, heat energy is produced.
2 They have the same general formula.
Which
correctly complete gaps 1 and 2?
Which words
is correct?
3 They have the same structural formula.
A Both statements
1 are correct and statement
2 2 explains statement 1.
A 1, 2 and 3
B 1 and 2 only
C 1 and 3 only
D 2 and 3 only
B A Both statements
2 does not explain statement 1.
lime are correct but statement
neutralisation
C B Statement 1 lime
is correct but statement
2 is incorrect.
thermal
37 The
diagram shows part of the molecule
of decomposition
a polymer.
D C Statement
2
is
correct
but
statement
1
is incorrect.
slaked lime
neutralisation
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
D
slaked lime
thermal decomposition
C
C inCthe same
C
Chomologous
C
C series?
C
C
36 Which row identifies compounds
12 2018 JUN P23 Q35
H of H
H
H named?
H
H
35 What is not
the correct use
the fraction
chemical
functional
H
H
H
properties
group
Which diagram
the monomer from which
nameshows
of fraction
use this polymer could be manufactured?
A
A
B
B
C
CH
D
D
abul fazal
different
different
B
fuel oil
making waxes C
different
same
H
H H
gas oil
fuel in diesel engines
H
H
similar
different
C Hkerosene H C C H jet fuel
C C
similar
same
naphtha
H
H H making chemicals
H
H
A
D
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
H
36 Methane, ethane and propane belong to a family of hydrocarbons called alkanes.
What is the general formula of an alkane?
A
CnH2n
© UCLES 2018
B
CnH2n+1
C
CnH2n–1
0620/22/F/M/18
D
CnH2n+2
[Turn over
37 Which substances can be obtained by cracking hydrocarbons?
A
ethanol and ethene
B
ethanol and hydrogen
© UCLES 2017
C
ethene and hydrogen
D
ethene and poly(ethene)
Abul Fazal
0620/23/M/J/17
[Turn over
Fuels and Cracking WS 1
34 Some marble chips (calcium carbonate) are heated strongly and substances X and Y are formed.
Substance X is a white solid that reacts with water, giving out heat. Substance Y is a colourless
54
gas.
What are substances X and Y?
13
13 2017 NOV P21 Q36
X
36 Some of the fractions
obtained from Y
the fractional distillation of petroleum are used as fuels for
vehicles.
A
calcium chloride
oxygen
Which
two
fractions
are used ascarbon
fuels for
vehicles?
B
calcium
hydroxide
dioxide
calcium
oxide
carbon
dioxide
A C bitumen
fraction
and gasoline
fraction
calcium
sulfate
oxygen
B D bitumen
fraction
and naphtha fraction
C gasoline fraction and kerosene fraction
35 The structure of compound R is shown.
D kerosene fraction and lubricating fraction
37 X, Y and Z are three hydrocarbons.H
14 2017 NOV P22 Q36
X CH2=CH
2 correct?Y
36 Which statement
is not
H
H
H
C
C12 C
OH
CHH
3–CH=CH
2
H H
Z
CH3–CH2–CH=CH2
A Petroleum
is a mixture
of hydrocarbons.
What
do compounds
X, Y and
Z have in common?
What is R?
B The 1mainThey
constituent
of natural gas is ethane.
are all alkenes.
A propane
C The 2naphtha
fraction of petroleum is used for making chemicals.
They
B propanoic
acidare all part of the same homologous series.
D When
burns
air, carbon
3 natural
They gas
all have
theinsame
boilingdioxide
point. and water are formed.
C propanol
D
A propene
1, 2 and 3
B 1 and 2 only
37 X, Y and Z are three hydrocarbons.
C
1 and 3 only
D
2 and 3 only
15 2017 NOV P23 Q36
Y CH
Z
X naphtha
CH2=CH
2reaction
3–CH=CH
2 petroleum.
36 Fuel
oil and
two fractions
obtained
from
38
The diagram
shows
aare
sequence.
CH3–CH2–CH=CH2
What are
do compounds
X,
Z have
in common?
What
the major uses
these
fractions?
X Yofand
Y
butane
ethene
ethanol
1 They are all alkenes.
fuel oil
naphtha
2 They are all part of the same homologous series.
Which
the processes
X, Ychemicals
and Z?
A row names
jet fuel
making
3 They all have the same boiling point.
B
jet fuel
making roads
X
Y
Z
A C 1, 2 andship
3 fuelB 1 and
2 onlychemicals
C 1 and 3 only
D
making
A
cracking
fermentation
respiration
D
ship fuel
making roads
B diagram
cracking
hydration
38 The
shows a reaction
sequence. combustion
Z
carbon dioxide
and water
abul fazal
C
distillation
D
distillation
butane
X
fermentation
hydration
ethene
respiration
Y
combustion
ethanol
2 and 3 only
Z
carbon dioxide
and water
Which pair
row of
names
the processes
X, Y and
Z?
39 Which
compounds
can be used
to prepare
CH3CH2COOCH2CH3?
A
ethanoic acid
X and ethanol Y
B
ethanoic
acid and propanol
cracking
fermentation
© UCLESA
2017
Z
respiration
0620/23/O/N/17
C B propanoic
acid and ethanol
cracking
hydration
combustion
D C propanoic
acid and propanol
distillation
fermentation
respiration
D
distillation
© UCLES 2017
Fuels and Cracking WS 1
hydration
combustion
0620/21/O/N/17
[Turn over
Abul Fazal
A
calcium carbonate
B
calcium hydroxide
C
calcium oxide
D
calcium sulfate
55
16 2019 JUN P23 Q35
35 Which fuel could be gasoline?
Is it obtained
from petroleum?
13
yes
no
34 Which row describes the conditions used in the manufacture of sulfuric acid by the Contact
process?
Is it used as
Is it used as
fuel for cars?
fuel for cars?
catalyst
pressure
temperature
A
iron
B
iron
high
no
low
C
A
vanadium(V) oxide
B
high
D
vanadium(V) oxide
low
yes
high
yes
no
low
C
D
low
high
17 2020 MAR P22 Q35
35 Petroleum is an important raw material that is 14
separated into useful products.
34 Propane
reacts
with chlorine.
Which terms
describe
petroleum and the method used to separate it?
Which row shows a condition required for this reaction and identifies the type of reaction?
description
separation method
condition
compound
A
© UCLES 2019
type of reaction
cracking
0620/23/M/J/19
B
A
compound
fractional distillation
phosphoric
acid catalyst
addition
C
B
mixtureacid catalyst
phosphoric
D
C
mixture light
ultraviolet
crackingsubstitution
fractional distillation
addition
D
ultraviolet light
substitution
36 Which statements about propene are correct?
18 2021 MAR P22 Q35
abul fazal
35 The pie chart
represents
the composition
natural gas.
1 Propene
contains
only singleofbonds.
2 Propene
decolourises
Which sector
represents
methane? bromine water.
3
4
A
Propene is obtained by cracking.
B C
A
Propene is a hydrocarbon.
1 and 4
B
2, 3 and 4
C
D
2 and 4 only
D
4 only
37 Which row describes the production of ethanol and its properties?
can be made
from glucose
can be made
from ethene
is used as a
fuel
is used as a
solvent
A
key
B
= yes
36 Which
ethene and
C statement
describes the
reaction between
steam? = no
reaction which
produces ethane
and hydrogen
gas as products
A D a cracking
B
an addition reaction which produces ethanol as the only product
C an oxidation reaction which produces ethanoic acid as the only product
Abul Fazal
Fuels and Cracking WS 1
D a slow reaction producing ethanol and carbon dioxide
© UCLES 2020
0620/22/F/M/20
[Turn over
A
C
H2
B
C
C8H18
C
CH4
H2
D
CH4
C8H18
56
19 2021 NOV P23 Q35
35 What is the main constituent of natural gas?
A
hydrogen
B
carbon monoxide
C
methane
D
nitrogen
13
36 Which statement describes the members of a homologous series?
20
2019 MAR P22 Q36
36 The
distillation
petroleum
is shown.
A fractional
compounds
with theofsame
physical
properties
11 group
compounds containing the same functional
B
refinery gas
compounds
containing
thea same
number and type of bonds
34 C
Ammonium
sulfate
is used as
fertiliser.
D
compounds
obtainedand
fromsulfuric
the same
It is made
from ammonia
acid.raw material
gasoline fraction
Which words complete gaps 1, 2 and 3?
37 The structures of two compounds are shown.
paraffin fraction
The ......1...... is made by the ......2...... process in which ......3...... is used as a catalyst.
H H
H H
O
O
diesel oil
1 C C O C2
H
H C3 C C
lubricating
fraction
ammonia
Contact
iron
H
O
petroleum
H H
H H
B
ammonia
Haber
vanadium(V) oxide
Which statements about these compounds are correct?
C
sulfuric acid
Contact
vanadium(V) oxide
1 sulfuric
They acid
have the same molecular
formula. bitumen
D
Haber
iron
A
H
Which fraction
is thehave
leastsimilar
volatile?
2 They
chemical properties.
35 A
Which
process
is used
to obtain lime
from limestone?
bitumen
3 They
are structural
isomers.
abul fazal
B
A
A
C
B
diesel
cracking
1 onlyoil
B 1 and 2
gasoline
fraction
fractional distillation
D
C
refinery
gas
neutralisation
C
2 and 3
D
1 and 3
D thermal decomposition
37 Which statement about members of a homologous series is correct?
21 2019 NOV P21 Q36
Successive
membersbydiffer
by CHdistillation.
3.
36 A
Petroleum
is separated
fractional
0620/23/O/N/21
© UCLES 2021
[Turn over
B Successive members have a molecular mass that differs by 14.
Which statement about the fractions produced is correct?
C They have the same molecular formula.
A Bottled gas for heating and cooking is obtained from the naphtha fraction.
D They have identical physical properties.
B Diesel oil is used as a fuel for jet aircraft.
C Substances
used toon
make
polishes
obtained from the lubricating fraction.
38 Ethanol
is manufactured
a large
scale are
by fermentation.
D The kerosene fraction contains many useful waxes.
Which statement about fermentation is correct?
A It is a continuous process.
37 Which products are obtained by the cracking of an alkane?
B A renewable raw material is used.
alkene
hydrogen
water
C It is a very fast reaction.
produced ispure.
D A The ethanol
B Cracking
WS 1
Fuels and
C
Abul Fazal
A
Limestone combines with water to produce slaked lime.
B
Lime is obtained from limestone by oxidation.
C
57
Lime is used in the desulfurisation of flue12
gases.
Lime is sulfate
used inisthe
treatment
of alkaline soil.
34 D
Ammonium
used
as a fertiliser.
22 2019 NOV P22 Q36
It is made from ammonia and sulfuric acid.
36 Some fractions obtained from petroleum are listed.
Which words complete gaps 1, 2 and 3?
position collected
The ......1...... is made
by the ......2...... process
fraction
usein which ......3...... is used
in theas a catalyst.
fractionating column
1
2
3
1
gasoline
waxes and polishes
below refinery gas
A
ammonia
Contact
iron
2
bitumen
making roads
above kerosene
B
ammonia
Haber
vanadium(V) oxide
3
kerosene
jet fuel
below gasoline
C
sulfuric acid
Contact
vanadium(V) oxide
4
refinery gas
heating and cooking
above gasoline
D
sulfuric acid
Haber
iron
Which rows are correct?
1, 3
andof4reaction occurs when lime is manufactured from limestone?
35 A
Which
type
B
A
2,
3 and 4
combustion
C
B
3
and 4 only
neutralisation
D
C
4
only
redox
D thermal decomposition
37 Which products are obtained by the cracking of an alkane?
23 2019 NOV P23 Q36
36 Which statement
alkene is correct?
hydrogen
water
A A Bitumenis used as a fuel
for ships. B B Coal, natural
gas and oxygen
are all fuels.
C C Hydrogen
of natural
gas.
is the main constituent
D D Petroleum
by fractional distillation.
is separatedinto useful substances
14
14
37 Which products are obtained by the cracking of14
an alkane?
24 2021 JUN P22 Q38
38 The flow chart shows how petroleum may be turned into a plastic.
The
flow
chart shows howpetroleum
petroleummay
maybe
be turned into a plastic.
38 38The
flow
chart
alkeneshows how
hydrogen
water turned into a plastic.
process
process
process
process
process
process
process
A
process
process
11
2
33 3
saturated
unsaturated
saturated
unsaturated
1
22
petroleum
saturated
unsaturated
hydrocarbon
Bpetroleum
hydrocarbon
petroleum
hydrocarbon hydrocarbon
hydrocarbon
hydrocarbon
C
What
areare
processes
What
processes1,1,22and
and3?
3?
What
1, 2 and
D are processes
3?
abul fazal
process11
process
process 1
A
cracking
© UCLESA2019
cracking
A
cracking
B
cracking
B
cracking
B
cracking
C
fractional distillation
C
fractional
distillation
C
fractional
distillation
D
fractional distillation
D
fractional distillation
distillation
D
fractional
process 22
process
process 2
fractional
distillation
0620/22/O/N/19
fractional
distillation
fractional distillation
polymerisation
polymerisation
polymerisation
cracking
cracking
cracking
polymerisation
polymerisation
polymerisation
© UCLES 2019
plastic
plastic
plastic
process
3 3
process
process 3
polymerisation
polymerisation
polymerisation
fractional
distillation
fractional
distillation
fractional
distillation
polymerisation
polymerisation
polymerisation
cracking
cracking
cracking
0620/23/O/N/19
[Turn over
39 The structure of a synthetic polymer is shown.
39
structure of
of aa synthetic
syntheticpolymer
polymerisisshown.
shown.
39 The
The structure
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
OO
O
OO
OO
N C
N C
C N
C N
C
C NN
C
NN C C
NN CC
C
CC NN
C
H
H
H
H
Abul Fazal
Fuels and Cracking WS 1
HH
HH
HH
HH
The structure shows that it is a ......1...... . It is formed by ......2...... polymerisation.
The structure
structure shows
shows that
thatititisisaa......1......
......1....... .ItItisisformed
formedbyby......2......
......2......polymerisation.
polymerisation.
Which words complete gaps 1 and 2?
58
Organic Chemistry
WS 2
14
14
6 Petroleum is a source of many important chemicals.
14
JUNisP41
Q06 of many important chemicals.
61 2016
Petroleum
a source
6 Petroleum
a source
of many
important
(a) Name is
two
industrial
processes
whichchemicals.
must take place to produce alkenes from petroleum.
(a) Name two industrial processes which must take place to produce alkenes from petroleum.
(a) Name
two industrial processes which must take place to produce alkenes from petroleum.
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
Fractional distillation of crude oil and the cracking of alkanes
....................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
[2]
.............................................................................................................................................. [2]
.............................................................................................................................................. [2]
(b) Ethene, CH2=CH2, and propene, CH2=CHCH3, can both be converted into polymers.
(b) Ethene, CH2=CH2, and propene, CH2=CHCH3, can both be converted into polymers.
, and propene, takes
CH2=CHCH
, can ethene
both beforms
converted
into polymers.
(b) (i)
Ethene,
CH
What
type
of2polymerisation
place 3when
a polymer?
2=CH
(i) What type of polymerisation takes place when ethene forms a polymer?
(i) What
type of polymerisation takes place when ethene forms a polymer?
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
Addition polymerisation
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(ii) What
is the empirical formula of the polymer formed from ethene?
(ii) What is the empirical formula of the polymer formed from ethene?
(ii) What
is the empirical formula of the polymer formed from ethene?
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
CH2
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(iii) Propene
has the structural formula CH2=CHCH3.
(iii) Propene has the structural formula CH2=CHCH3.
(iii) Draw
Propene
the structural
formula
CHmade
twohas
repeat
units of the
polymer
from
2=CHCH
3. propene.
Draw two repeat units of the polymer made from propene.
Draw two repeat units of the polymer made from propene.
[2]
[2]
[2]
(c) Ethene will react with steam to form ethanol.
(c) Ethene will react with steam to form ethanol.
(c) Ethene
Propenewill
willreact
reactwith
withsteam
steamtotoform
formethanol.
two isomers, both of which are alcohols.
Propene will react with steam to form two isomers, both of which are alcohols.
Propene
will structures
react with steam
toalcohols.
form two isomers, both of which are alcohols.
Suggest the
of these
Suggest the structures of these alcohols.
Suggest the structures of these alcohols.
abul fazal
[2]
[2]
[2]
© UCLES 2016
0620/41/M/J/16
© UCLES 2016
0620/41/M/J/16
© UCLESChemistry
2016
Organic
WS 2
0620/41/M/J/16
Abul Fazal
1559
(d) Esters are organic chemicals noted for their characteristic smells. Ethanoic acid and methanol
will react to form an ester.
(i)
Name the catalyst needed to form an ester from ethanoic acid and methanol.
Sulfuric acid
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
Name the ester formed when ethanoic acid reacts with methanol.
methyl ethanoate
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(iii)
Draw the structure of the ester formed when ethanoic acid reacts with methanol. Show all
bonds.
[2]
(iv)
Give the name of a polyester.
PET
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 13]
abul fazal
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable
effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will
be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International
Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after
the live examination series.
Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local
Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
© UCLES 2016
Abul Fazal
0620/41/M/J/16
Organic Chemistry WS 2
60
7
2 2016 JUN P42 Q05
5
(a) Hydrocarbons are compounds which contain hydrogen and carbon only.
•
10 cm3 of a gaseous hydrocarbon, CxHy, are burned in 100 cm3 of oxygen, which is an
excess of oxygen.
•
After cooling to room temperature and pressure, there is 25 cm3 of unreacted oxygen,
50 cm3 of carbon dioxide and some liquid water.
All volumes are measured under the same conditions of temperature and pressure.
(i)
What is meant by an excess of oxygen?
More oxygen than what is needed for the reaction to take place
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(ii)
What was the volume of oxygen that reacted with the hydrocarbon?
75 cm^3
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii)
Complete the table below to express the smallest whole number ratio of
smallest whole
number ratio of
volumes
volume of
carbon dioxide
produced
volume of
:
hydrocarbon reacted
volume of
oxygen reacted
volume of
hydrocarbon reacted
volume of
oxygen reacted
volume of
carbon dioxide
produced
2
15
10
:
[1]
(iv)
Use your answer to (a)(iii) to find the mole ratio in the equation below. Complete the
equation and deduce the formula of the hydrocarbon.
abul fazal
2
10
10
15
.........C
xHy(g) + .........O2(g) → .........CO2(g) + .........H2O(l)
C5H10
formula of hydrocarbon = ...........................................
[2]
© UCLES 2016
Organic Chemistry WS 2
0620/42/M/J/16
[Turn over
Abul Fazal
8
861
(b) Cracking is used to convert long chain alkanes into shorter chain alkanes and alkenes. Alkenes
are unsaturated
(b) Cracking
is usedcompounds.
to convert long chain alkanes into shorter chain alkanes and alkenes. Alkenes
are unsaturated compounds.
Decane, C10H22, can be cracked to give propene and one other product.
Decane, C10H22, can be cracked to give propene and one other product.
(i) Complete the chemical equation.
(i) Complete the chemical equation.
C10H22 → C3H6 + ...............
[1]
C7H16
C10H22 → C3H6 + ...............
[1]
(ii) What is meant by the term unsaturated?
(ii) What is meant by the term unsaturated?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
A hydrocarbon that doesn't have all single bonds in its formula (displayed)
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(iii) Describe a test to show that propene is an unsaturated compound.
(iii) Describe a test to show that propene is an unsaturated compound.
test ......................................................................................................................................
bromine water
test ......................................................................................................................................
result ...................................................................................................................................
Turns water from brown to colourless
[2]
result ...................................................................................................................................
[2]
(c) Propene can be polymerised. The only product is polypropene. The equation for the
is: polymerised. The only product is polypropene. The equation for the
(c) polymerisation
Propene can be
polymerisation is:
CH3 H
CH3 H
C
C
nC3H6
C
C
nC3H6
H
H n
H
H n
(i) Name the type of polymerisation that occurs.
(i) Name the type Addition
of polymerisation
that occurs.
polymerisation
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Deduce the maximum mass of polypropene that could be produced from 1 kg of propene.
(ii) Deduce the maximum mass of polypropene that could be produced from 1 kg of propene.
abul fazal
(iii)
(iii)
1
............... kg [1]
............... kg [1]
Give the empirical formula of
Give the empirical formula of
CH2
propene, .............................................................................................................................
propene, .............................................................................................................................
CH2
polypropene. .......................................................................................................................
[2]
polypropene. .......................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 13]
[Total: 13]
© UCLES 2016
0620/42/M/J/16
© UCLES 2016
0620/42/M/J/16
Abul Fazal
Organic Chemistry WS 2
462
4
4
2 The structures of six organic compounds are shown.
JUN P43
Q02
23 2016
The structures
of six
organic compounds are shown.
B
2 The structures A
of six organic compounds are shown.
A
B
HB H
H H AH H
H H
H H H H
H C
H H
H C
H C
H C
H
H C
C
H C C C C H
C C
H H
C C C H
C H
C H
C
H
H
H
H H
H
H
H H
D
E
D
E
H
HDH
E
H
H H
H C
H H
H H
H C
H C
HH
C
H
H
H C C H
HH
C
H
H
C H
H H
C O
H
H C
H C
C
H O H
H C C
C
H O H
H H
C H
C
C
H
H
H H
H
H H
H
(a) Give the name of F.
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
C
C
HC
O
H
O
H C O
C
C C
C C O
H
O
H
O
H
F
F
H F H
H H
H C
H
C
C C
C H
C
H
H H
H H
H
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
H
(a) Give the name of F.
(a) Give
the name of F.
..............................................................................................................................................
[1]
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
Butane
..............................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) Identify two of the compounds that are members of the same homologous series.
(b) Give
Identify
of theformula
compounds
are members
of the same homologous series.
thetwo
general
of thisthat
homologous
series.
(b) Give
Identify
of theformula
compounds
are members
of the same homologous series.
thetwo
general
of thisthat
homologous
series.
Give
the
general
formula
of
this
homologous
series.
compounds ................................................................................................................................
A and B
compounds ................................................................................................................................
compounds
................................................................................................................................
general
formula
..........................................................................................................................
CnH2n
general formula ..........................................................................................................................
[2]
general formula ..........................................................................................................................
[2]
[2]
(c) Which two compounds are isomers of each other?
(c) Explain
Which two
are isomers of each other?
whycompounds
they are isomers.
(c) Explain
Which two
are isomers of each other?
whycompounds
they are isomers.
Explain why ................................................................................................................................
they are isomers.
compounds
E and F
compounds ................................................................................................................................
compounds ................................................................................................................................
explanation
They have different structures. E is methyl propane and F is
explanation ................................................................................................................................
explanation
................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
Butane
....................................................................................................................................................
[3]
....................................................................................................................................................
[3]
[3]
(d) Explain why B is an unsaturated hydrocarbon.
(d) Explain why B is an unsaturated hydrocarbon.
It only
consists
single bonds
(d) Explain
why
B is anofunsaturated
hydrocarbon.
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
[2]
5
.............................................................................................................................................. [2]
..............................................................................................................................................
[2]
(e) Describe
how D is manufactured from B. Give a chemical equation for the reaction.
abul fazal
D is an alcohol. B is an alkene. When an alkene, in this case, ethene, reacts with water
....................................................................................................................................................
© UCLES 2016
0620/43/M/J/16
an alcohol, ethanol is formed. Its equation
is C2H4 + H20 ---> C2H5OH. This reaction
....................................................................................................................................................
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© UCLES 2016
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takes place at a temperature of 570
degrees and at 60 - 70 atm with acid catalyst
.............................................................................................................................................. [3]
Organic
WS
(f) Chemistry
Compound
A2
forms an addition polymer.
Draw two repeat units of the addition polymer formed from A.
Abul Fazal
....................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................. [3]
63
(f) Compound A forms an addition polymer.
Draw two repeat units of the addition polymer formed from A.
[2]
4 2016 MAR P42 Q07
7
12
[Total: 13]
(a) Alkanes and alkenes are examples of hydrocarbons.
(i)
What is meant by the term hydrocarbon?
A compound that only contains hydrogen and carbon.
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
Give the general formula of straight-chain
CnH2n+2
alkanes, ..............................................................................................................................
CnH2n
alkenes. ..............................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) A compound X contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only.
abul fazal
X contains 54.54% of carbon by mass, 9.09% of hydrogen by mass and 36.37% of oxygen by
mass.
(i)
© UCLES 2016
Calculate the empirical formula of compound X.
0620/43/M/J/16
[Turn over
[2]
(ii)
Compound X has a relative molecular mass of 88.
Deduce the molecular formula of compound X.
Abul Fazal
Organic Chemistry WS 2
alkenes. ..............................................................................................................................
[2]
64
(b) A compound X contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only.
X contains 54.54% of carbon by mass, 9.09% of hydrogen by mass and 36.37% of oxygen by
mass.
(i)
Calculate the empirical formula of compound X.
[2]
(ii)
Compound X has a relative molecular mass of 88.
Deduce the molecular formula of compound X.
13
13
(c) An ester has the molecular formula C3H6O2.
(c) An ester has the molecular formula C3H6O2.
Name and give the structural formulae of two esters with the molecular formula C3H6O2.
Name and give the structural formulae of two esters with the molecular formula C3H6O2.
[2]
abul fazal
name of ester
name of ester
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structural formula
structural formula
0620/42/F/M/16
[4]
[4]
(d) Name the ester produced from the reaction of propanoic acid and methanol.
(d) Name the ester produced from the reaction of propanoic acid and methanol.
methyl propanoate
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(e) A polyester is represented by the structure shown.
(e) A polyester is represented by the structure shown.
O
O
O
O
C O
C
C O
C
(i)
(i)
O
O
What type of polymerisation is used for the production of polyesters?
What type of polymerisation is used for the production of polyesters?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
Organic Chemistry
WS 2
Abul
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]Fazal
(ii) Which simple molecule is removed when the polyester is formed?
(ii) Which simple molecule is removed when the polyester is formed?
65
4
4
NOV P41
35 2016
(a) Petroleum
is Q03
a mixture of hydrocarbons. It is separated into useful fractions by fractional
3 (a) Petroleum
is a can
mixture
of hydrocarbons.
It is separated
useful fractions by fractional
distillation. This
be done
using the fractionating
column into
shown.
distillation. This can be done using the fractionating column shown.
K
K
L
L
M
M
petroleum
petroleum
X
X
N
N
O
O
P
P
(i)
(i)
(ii)
(ii)
What happens to the petroleum at point X, before it enters the fractionating column?
What happens to the petroleum at point X, before it enters the fractionating column?
.............................................................................................................................................
The crude oil that needs to be distilled is heated and it becomes a gas at X.
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
State two ways in which fraction O differs from fraction L.
State two ways in which fraction O differs from fraction L.
.............................................................................................................................................
Fraction O is more viscous than Fraction L
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
Fraction O has lower flammability and volatility than Fraction L.
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
abul fazal
(b) Most of the hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum are alkanes. The alkanes are an
(b) Most
of the series
hydrocarbons
obtained
from petroleum
are alkanes.
The
alkanes are an
homologous
of saturated
hydrocarbons
with the general
formula C
nH2n+2.
homologous series of saturated hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n+2.
Give two characteristics, other than having the same general formula, of members of an
Give two characteristics,
other than having the same general formula, of members of an
homologous
series.
homologous series.
Their chain length of the successor in a homologous series increases by CH2
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
As chain length increases, melting and boiling points also increase.
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................. [2]
.............................................................................................................................................. [2]
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© UCLES 2016
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Abul Fazal
Organic Chemistry WS 2
5
566
(c) The alkane with the molecular formula C5H12 can exist as a number of structural isomers.
(c) The alkane with the molecular formula C5H12 can exist as a number of structural isomers.
Draw the structures of two isomers with the formula C5H12.
Draw the structures of two isomers with the formula C5H12.
[2]
[2]
(d) The alkane ethane has the structure shown.
(d) The alkane ethane has the structure shown.
H H
H H
H C C H
H C C H
H H
H H
When a mixture of ethane and chlorine is exposed to ultraviolet light a substitution reaction
takes
When place.
a mixture of ethane and chlorine is exposed to ultraviolet light a substitution reaction
takes place.
Draw the structure of one organic product from this substitution reaction.
Draw the structure of one organic product from this substitution reaction.
[1]
[1]
6
abul fazal
(e) Isoprene is a naturally occurring hydrocarbon.
(i)
Explain how the name of isoprene suggests that it contains a C=C double bond.
Anything ending with an ene is in the alkenes, hence it must have a double bond [1]
.......................................................................................................................................
(ii)
A sample of isoprene had the following composition by mass: C, 88.24%; H, 11.76%.
Calculate the empirical formula of isoprene. Show all your working.
88.24 ÷ 12 and 11.76 ÷ 1
7.353 and 11.76
Therefore, 1 mole of C reacting with x moles of h --->
1 mol and 11.76 ÷ 7.353 = 1.6
so, 5:8 is the ratio
Therefore - C5H8
C5H8
empirical formula = .............................. [3]
(iii)
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© UCLES 2016
What additional information would be required to calculate the molecular formula of
isoprene?
[Turn over
0620/41/O/N/16
The relative molecular mass of isoprene
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Turn over
0620/41/O/N/16
[Total: 13]
4 (a)Chemistry
Ammonia,WS
NH23, is made by reacting nitrogen with hydrogen in the Haber process.
Organic
(i)
Write a chemical equation for the formation of ammonia in the Haber process.
Abul Fazal
67
8
8
6 2016 NOV P42 Q05
(c) When one mole of bromine, Br2, reacts with one mole of propene, one organic product is
(c) formed.
When one mole of bromine, Br2, reacts with one mole of propene, one organic product is
formed.
(i) Which part of the propene molecule reacts with bromine?
(i) Which part of the propene molecule reacts with bromine?
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
The double bond
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) What is the name of the type of reaction which takes place between bromine and propene?
(ii) What is the name of the type of reaction which takes place between bromine and propene?
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
Addition reaction
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d) When one mole of chlorine, Cl 2, reacts with one mole of propane, a mixture of two structural
(d) isomers
When one
mole of chlorine, Cl 2, reacts with one mole of propane, a mixture of two structural
is formed.
isomers is formed.
(i) What is the name of the type of reaction which takes place between chlorine and propane?
(i) What is the name of the type of reaction which takes place between chlorine and propane?
Substitution reaction
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Explain what is meant by the term structural isomers.
(ii) Explain what is meant by the term structural isomers.
Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural formula
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
(iii) Draw the structure of two structural isomers formed when one mole of chlorine reacts with
(iii) Draw
the structure
of two structural isomers formed when one mole of chlorine reacts with
one mole
of propane.
one mole of propane.
abul fazal
© UCLES 2016
© UCLES 2016
Abul Fazal
[2]
[2]
0620/42/O/N/16
0620/42/O/N/16
Organic Chemistry WS 2
12
1268
6 The alkenes and alkanes are both examples of
12homologous series which are hydrocarbons.
6 The alkenes and alkanes are both examples of
12homologous series which are hydrocarbons.
JUNis P41
(a)
meant
by the are
termboth
hydrocarbon?
67 2017
The What
alkenes
and Q06
alkanes
examples of homologous series which are hydrocarbons.
is meant
by the are
termboth
hydrocarbon?
6 (a)
The What
alkenes
and alkanes
examples of homologous series which are hydrocarbons.
....................................................................................................................................................
(a) What
is meant by the term hydrocarbon?
....................................................................................................................................................
(a) What
is meant by the term hydrocarbon?
..............................................................................................................................................
[2]
....................................................................................................................................................
A compound that only contains hydrogen and carbon
..............................................................................................................................................
[2]
....................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................. [2]
(b) Give
three characteristics of an homologous series.
..............................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) Give three characteristics of an homologous series.
.................................................................................................................................................
(b) 1
Give
three characteristics of an homologous series.
.................................................................................................................................................
(b) 1
Give
three characteristics of an homologous series.
Chain length increases by CH2 each time
2 .................................................................................................................................................
1
.................................................................................................................................................
2 .................................................................................................................................................
1
They have the same functional group
3
2 .................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
3
[3]
2 .................................................................................................................................................
[3]
They fit in the same general formula
3 .................................................................................................................................................
3 .................................................................................................................................................
[3]
(c) Name and draw the structure of the second member of the alkene homologous series.
[3]
(c) Show
Name all
and
the structure
of the
the bonds.
second member of the alkene homologous series.
ofdraw
the atoms
and all of
ofdraw
the atoms
and all of
(c) Show
Name all
and
the structure
of the
the bonds.
second member of the alkene homologous series.
name
..........................................................................................................................................
(c) Show
Name all
and
the structure
of the
the bonds.
second member of the alkene homologous series.
ofdraw
the atoms
and all of
Propene
name
..........................................................................................................................................
Show all
of the atoms and all of the bonds.
structure
name ..........................................................................................................................................
structure
name ..........................................................................................................................................
structure
structure
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
(d) Alcohols can be made from alkenes.
(d) Alcohols can be made from alkenes.
thecan
reagent
and from
conditions
needed to convert an alkene into an alcohol.
(d) Name
Alcohols
be made
alkenes.
thecan
reagent
and from
conditions
needed to convert an alkene into an alcohol.
(d) Name
Alcohols
be made
alkenes.
You add water to the alkene, and it reacts with it at 570 degrees Celsius at 60 - 70 atm
....................................................................................................................................................
Name the reagent and conditions needed to convert an alkene into an alcohol.
....................................................................................................................................................
Name
the reagent and conditions needed to convert an alkene into an alcohol.
with phosphoric acid acting as catalyst
..............................................................................................................................................
[2]
....................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
[2]
....................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................. [2]
.............................................................................................................................................. [2]
abul fazal
© UCLES 2017
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© UCLES 2017
0620/41/M/J/17
© UCLES 2017
0620/41/M/J/17
© UCLES 2017
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Organic Chemistry WS 2
Abul Fazal
13
1369
(e) The alcohol butanol, CH3CH2CH2CH2OH, can be converted into a carboxylic acid with four
carbon
atoms.
(e) The
alcohol
butanol, CH3CH2CH2CH2OH, can be converted into a carboxylic acid with four
carbon atoms.
(i) Name the carboxylic acid formed from butanol and draw its structure. Show all of the
all of the bonds.
(i) atoms
Name and
the carboxylic
acid formed from butanol and draw its structure. Show all of the
atoms and all of the bonds.
name ...................................................................................................................................
Butanoic acid
name ...................................................................................................................................
structure
structure
(ii)
(ii)
(iii)
(iii)
[2]
[2]
Ethanoic acid can be formed from ethanol by fermentation. It can also be formed by the
addition
a suitable
reagent.
Ethanoicofacid
can bechemical
formed from
ethanol by fermentation. It can also be formed by the
addition of a suitable chemical reagent.
Name the reagent needed to convert ethanol into ethanoic acid.
Name the reagent needed to convert ethanol into ethanoic acid.
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
Acidified Potassium manganate(VII)
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
State the type of chemical change which occurs when ethanol is converted into
ethanoic
State theacid.
type of chemical change which occurs when ethanol is converted into
ethanoic acid.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
Oxidation
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(f) Describe how a student could prepare the ester methyl ethanoate in a school laboratory.
your description
give could prepare the ester methyl ethanoate in a school laboratory.
(f) In
Describe
how a student
In your description give
● the names of the two starting organic chemicals,
● the essential
needed,
names of reaction
the two conditions
starting organic
chemicals,
● the
a chemical
equation
the reaction.
essential
reactionfor
conditions
needed,
● a chemical equation for the reaction.
1) Methanol and ethanoic acid
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
2) Sulfuric acid catalyst
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................. [5]
.............................................................................................................................................. [5]
[Total: 19]
[Total: 19]
abul fazal
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© UCLES 2017
0620/41/M/J/17
Abul Fazal
[Turn over
[Turn over
Organic Chemistry WS 2
70
12
12
P42 Q06
68 2017
(a) AnJUN
homologous
series is a ‘family’ of organic compounds whose names have the same ending.
6 (a) An homologous series is a ‘family’ of organic compounds whose names have the same ending.
(i) Name the homologous series for which the names of the organic compounds end in -ene
-oic
acid.
(i) and
Name
the
homologous series for which the names of the organic compounds end in -ene
and -oic acid.
-ene .............................................................................................................................. [1]
Alkenes
-ene .............................................................................................................................. [1]
-oic acid ........................................................................................................................ [1]
Carboxylic acids
-oic acid ........................................................................................................................
[1]
(ii) State two characteristics of an homologous series.
(ii) State two characteristics of an homologous series.
.............................................................................................................................................
Melting point and boiling point increase with chain length
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
The have the same functional group
.......................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) Propan-1-ol is a member of the homologous series of alcohols. It reacts in the same way as
) andofwith
carboxylic
acids.
with is
acidified
potassium
manganate(VII
(b) ethanol
Propan-1-ol
a member
of the homologous
series
alcohols.
It reacts
in the same way as
ethanol with acidified potassium manganate(VII) and with carboxylic acids.
Name the type of compound that is formed when propan-1-ol is heated with
Name the type of compound that is formed when propan-1-ol is heated with
acidified potassium manganate(VII), ........................................................................................
acidified potassium manganate(VII), ........................................................................................
ethanoic acid and a suitable catalyst. ........................................................................................
[2]
13
ethanoic acid and a suitable catalyst. ........................................................................................
[2]
(c) The structure of prop-2-enoic (acrylic) acid is shown.
(i)
H
CO2H
C
C
H
H
What would you see if prop-2-enoic acid were added to
aqueous bromine, ...............................................................................................................
abul fazal
a solution of sodium carbonate. ..........................................................................................
[2]
(ii)
Prop-2-enoic acid can be polymerised to form poly(acrylic acid).
Suggest the type of polymerisation that occurs and draw one repeat unit of the polymer.
type of polymerisation .........................................................................................................
repeat unit
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© UCLES 2017
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Organic Chemistry WS 2
[3]
[Total: 11]
Abul Fazal
71
3
9 2017 JUN P43 Q02
2
Cyclopropane is a colourless gas.
Cyclopropane reacts with bromine at room temperature. The chemical equation for the reaction is
shown.
H
H
C
C
H
H
C
H
Br
Br
Br
H
cyclopropane
(a) (i)
+
bromine
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
Br
dibromopropane
What is the empirical formula of cyclopropane?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
What colour change, if any, would you see when cyclopropane is bubbled into aqueous
bromine?
initial colour .........................................................................................................................
final colour ..........................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) The reaction of cyclopropane with bromine is exothermic.
(i)
Complete the energy level diagram for this reaction by
●
●
adding the product of the reaction,
labelling the energy change, ∆H.
abul fazal
energy
cyclopropane + bromine
[2]
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Abul Fazal
0620/43/M/J/17
[Turn over
Organic Chemistry WS 2
72
7
7
10
JUN
P43 as
Q04
4 2017
Gasoline
is used
a fuel for cars. It is a mixture of hydrocarbons.
4 Gasoline is used as a fuel for cars. It is a mixture of hydrocarbons.
(a) Name the raw material from which gasoline is obtained.
(a) Name the raw material from which gasoline is obtained.
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(b) One of the compounds in gasoline is heptane, C7H16. Heptane is a saturated hydrocarbon.
(b) One of the compounds in gasoline is heptane, C7H16. Heptane is a saturated hydrocarbon.
(i) What is meant by the term saturated hydrocarbon?
(i) What is meant by the term saturated hydrocarbon?
saturated .............................................................................................................................
saturated .............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
hydrocarbon ........................................................................................................................
hydrocarbon ........................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
[3]
.............................................................................................................................................
[3]
(ii) To which homologous series does heptane belong?
(ii) To which homologous series does heptane belong?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii) Give two characteristics of an homologous series.
(iii) Give two characteristics of an homologous series.
1 ..........................................................................................................................................
1 ..........................................................................................................................................
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(iv) Complete the chemical equation for the complete combustion of heptane.
(iv) Complete the chemical equation for the complete combustion of heptane.
....................... + .......................
C7H16 + ..........O2
[2]
....................... + .......................
C7H16 + ..........O2
[2]
abul fazal
© UCLES 2017
0620/43/M/J/17
© UCLES 2017
0620/43/M/J/17
Organic Chemistry WS 2
[Turn over
[Turn over
Abul Fazal
973
(d) The formula C4H10 represents two structural isomers, A and B.
H
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
C
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
A
(i)
H
B
Name isomer A.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
What is meant by the term structural isomers?
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
(iii)
Isomer B reacts with chlorine in a substitution reaction.
Give the conditions required for the reaction to occur and draw the structures of two
possible products, one of which is organic and one of which is not organic.
conditions ...........................................................................................................................
structures of products
abul fazal
[3]
[Total: 23]
© UCLES 2017
Abul Fazal
0620/43/M/J/17
[Turn over
Organic Chemistry WS 2
74
2
11 2017 MAR P42 Q01
1
(a) Five organic compounds have the following structures.
A
H
B
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
H
C
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
(i)
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
D
Br
H
H
E
H
H
C
C
H
H
Br
Br
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
Br
Which compound is butane?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
Which two compounds are structural isomers of each other?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii)
Which compound can be made by reacting an alkene with bromine?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iv)
Which compound is a saturated hydrocarbon?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(v)
Which compound has the empirical formula C2H5?
abul fazal
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(vi)
Name the two products made during the complete combustion of compound C.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
© UCLES 2017
Organic Chemistry WS 2
0620/42/F/M/17
Abul Fazal
375
(b) Petroleum can be separated into useful substances using the apparatus shown.
refinery gas
gasoline fraction
naphtha fraction
X
diesel oil fraction
fuel oil fraction
Y
petroleum
lubricating fraction
and bitumen
(i)
Name the fraction which is the most viscous.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
Name the fraction with the smallest molecules.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii)
Name the fraction which has the weakest attractive forces between molecules.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iv)
Fraction X is used as jet fuel.
Name fraction X.
abul fazal
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(v)
What happens at point Y on the diagram?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
6
12 2017 NOV P41 Q04
4
[Total: 11]
(a) Ethanol, C2H5OH, can be made by fermentation.
(i)
Complete the chemical equation for the formation of ethanol by fermentation.
C6H12O6
(ii)
......C2H5OH + ..............................
[2]
State two conditions required for fermentation.
1 ..........................................................................................................................................
© UCLES 2017
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
[Turn over
0620/42/F/M/17
(b) Ethanol can also be made by the catalytic hydration of ethene. The equation for the reaction is
shown.
Abul Fazal
(i)
C2H4 + H2O
Name a suitable catalyst for this reaction.
C2H5OH
Organic Chemistry WS 2
1 ..........................................................................................................................................
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
76
[2]
(b) Ethanol can also be made by the catalytic hydration of ethene. The equation for the reaction is
shown.
C2H4 + H2O
(i)
C2H5OH
Name a suitable catalyst for this reaction.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
Calculate the maximum mass of ethanol that can be made from 56 g of ethene.
maximum mass of ethanol = ............................. g [2]
(c) Ethanol can be oxidised to form ethanoic acid.
(i)
Name a suitable oxidising agent for this reaction.
7
[1]
.......................................................................................................................................
(ii)
A molecule of ethanoic acid has the structure shown.
H
H
C
H
O
C
O
H
Complete the dot-and-cross diagram to show the electron arrangement in ethanoic acid.
Show outer shell electrons only.
abul fazal
H
H
© UCLES 2017
C
O
C
0620/41/O/N/17
H
O
H
[3]
(d) Ethanoic acid is a weak acid.
(i)
When referring to an acid, what is meant by the term weak?
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
Describe how you could show that ethanoic acid is a weaker acid than hydrochloric acid.
Organic Chemistry
WS 2
Abul Fazal
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
[3]
77
(d) Ethanoic acid is a weak acid.
(i)
When referring to an acid, what is meant by the term weak?
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
Describe how you could show that ethanoic acid is a weaker acid than hydrochloric acid.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
[3]
8
(e) Carboxylic acids react with alcohols to make esters.
The structure of an ester is shown.
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
C
O
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
[Turn over
0620/41/O/N/17
Draw the structures of the carboxylic acid and alcohol from which this ester can be made.
Give the names of the carboxylic acid and alcohol.
© UCLES 2017
structure of the carboxylic acid
abul fazal
name of the carboxylic acid .......................................................................................................
structure of the alcohol
name of the alcohol ...................................................................................................................
[4]
[Total: 19]
Abul Fazal
Organic Chemistry WS 2
78
13 2017 NOV P42 Q03
7
(d) Dodecane is an alkane containing 12 carbon atoms. Ethanol can be manufactured from
dodecane in a two-stage process.
In stage 1, each molecule of dodecane is converted into three molecules of ethene and one
molecule of another hydrocarbon.
(i)
Name the process which occurs in stage 1.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
Write a chemical equation for the reaction which occurs in stage 1.
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
In stage 2, ethene reacts with steam to produce ethanol.
(iii)
State two conditions needed for stage 2.
1 ..........................................................................................................................................
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(iv)
Name the type of reaction which occurs in stage 2.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(v)
Suggest how to test the purity of the ethanol produced.
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
abul fazal
© UCLES 2017
Organic Chemistry WS 2
0620/42/O/N/17
[Turn over
Abul Fazal
879
(e) Ethanol can also be manufactured by the fermentation of glucose, C6H12O6.
(i)
State two conditions needed for the fermentation of glucose.
1 ..........................................................................................................................................
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii)
Complete the chemical equation for the fermentation of glucose.
C6H12O6
(iii)
......C2H5OH + ..............................
[2]
One disadvantage of fermentation is that the maximum concentration of ethanol produced
is about 15%.
Suggest why the concentration of ethanol produced by fermentation does not exceed
15%.
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iv)
Give one other disadvantage of manufacturing ethanol by fermentation.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(v)
Give one advantage, other than cost, of manufacturing ethanol by fermentation.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(vi)
Suggest the name of a process to obtain ethanol from a mixture of ethanol and water.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
abul fazal
© UCLES 2017
Abul Fazal
0620/42/O/N/17
Organic Chemistry WS 2
80
9
14 2017 NOV P43 Q06
6
(a) Alkanes and alkenes are two homologous series of hydrocarbons.
(i)
What is meant by the term hydrocarbon?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
What is the general formula of the homologous series of
alkanes, ..............................................................................................................................
alkenes? .............................................................................................................................
[2]
(iii)
Other than having a general formula, state two characteristics of a homologous series.
1 ..........................................................................................................................................
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(iv)
The structure of an alkene molecule with the molecular formula C4H8 is shown.
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
Draw the structure of a different alkene molecule with the molecular formula C4H8. Show
all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
(v)
abul fazal
[1]
What term describes molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural
formulae?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
© UCLES 2017
Organic Chemistry WS 2
0620/43/O/N/17
[Turn over
Abul Fazal
81
10
(b) 25 cm3 of a gaseous hydrocarbon, CxHy, were burnt in 150 cm3 of oxygen. This was an excess
of oxygen.
After cooling, the volume of the gases remaining was 100 cm3. This consisted of 75 cm3 of
carbon dioxide and 25 cm3 of unreacted oxygen. The water that was produced in the reaction
was liquid.
All volumes were measured at the same temperature and pressure.
(i)
What is meant by an excess of oxygen?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
What was the volume of oxygen that reacted with the hydrocarbon?
............................. cm3 [1]
(iii)
Complete the table to show the smallest whole number ratio of volumes.
volume of
hydrocarbon reacted
smallest whole
number ratio of
volumes
:
volume of
oxygen reacted
:
:
volume of
carbon dioxide
produced
:
[1]
(iv)
Use your answer to (b)(iii) to balance the chemical equation. Deduce the formula of the
hydrocarbon.
CxHy(g) + ......O2(g)
......CO2(g) + ......H2O(l)
abul fazal
formula of the hydrocarbon = ............................. [2]
© UCLES 2017
Abul Fazal
[Total: 12]
0620/43/O/N/17
Organic Chemistry WS 2
82
8
8
15
JUN P42
Q07
7 2018
Many organic
compounds,
such as alcohols, carboxylic acids and esters, contain the elements
hydrogen
and oxygen
only.
7 carbon,
Many organic
compounds,
such
as alcohols, carboxylic acids and esters, contain the elements
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only.
(a) Compound R has the following composition by mass: C, 60.00%; H, 13.33%; O, 26.67%.
(a) Compound R has the following composition by mass: C, 60.00%; H, 13.33%; O, 26.67%.
Calculate the empirical formula of compound R.
Calculate the empirical formula of compound R.
empirical formula = .............................. [2]
empirical formula = .............................. [2]
(b) Compound S has the empirical formula C2H4O and a relative molecular mass of 88.
(b) Compound S has the empirical formula C2H4O and a relative molecular mass of 88.
Calculate the molecular formula of compound S.
Calculate the molecular formula of compound S.
molecular formula = .............................. [2]
molecular formula = .............................. [2]
abul fazal
© UCLES 2018
0620/42/M/J/18
© UCLES 2018
0620/42/M/J/18
Organic Chemistry WS 2
Abul Fazal
9
983
(c) Compounds T and V both have the molecular formula C3H6O2.
(c) Compounds T and V both have the molecular formula C3H6O2.
● Compound T produces bubbles of carbon dioxide gas when it is added to aqueous
● Compound
T produces bubbles of carbon dioxide gas when it is added to aqueous
sodium carbonate.
sodium carbonate.
● Compound
V is an ester.
● Compound V is an ester.
(i) What is the name given to compounds with the same molecular formula but different
(i) structures?
What is the name given to compounds with the same molecular formula but different
structures?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Draw the structures of compounds T and V. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
(ii) Draw the structures of compounds T and V. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
compound T
compound T
compound V
compound V
(iii)
(iii)
[2]
[2]
All compounds with the molecular formula C3H6O2 can undergo complete combustion in
All excess
compounds
with the molecular formula C3H6O2 can undergo complete combustion in
an
of oxygen.
an excess of oxygen.
Complete the chemical equation for this reaction.
Complete the chemical equation for this reaction.
........................ + ........................
C3H6O2 + ........................
........................ + ........................
C3H6O2 + ........................
[2]
[2]
abul fazal
(d) Compound W has the molecular formula C2H6O. Compound W reacts when heated with
(d) ethanoic
Compound
Wand
hasa the
molecular
formula
C2H6O. Compound
acid
catalyst
to produce
a sweet-smelling
liquid. W reacts when heated with
ethanoic acid and a catalyst to produce a sweet-smelling liquid.
(i) Give the name of the homologous series to which compound W belongs.
(i) Give the name of the homologous series to which compound W belongs.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Draw the structure of compound W. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
(ii) Draw the structure of compound W. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
[1]
[1]
© UCLES 2018
0620/42/M/J/18
© UCLES 2018
0620/42/M/J/18
Abul Fazal
[Turn over
[Turn over
Organic Chemistry WS 2
10
1084
(e) Alkanes and alkenes are hydrocarbons.
(e) Alkanes and alkenes are hydrocarbons.
(i) What is meant by the term hydrocarbon?
(i) What is meant by the term hydrocarbon?
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
(ii) State the general formula of:
(ii) State the general formula of:
alkanes ...............................................................................................................................
alkanes ...............................................................................................................................
alkenes ...............................................................................................................................
alkenes ...............................................................................................................................
[2]
[2]
(f) Ethanol can be produced from long-chain alkanes as shown.
(f) Ethanol can be produced from long-chain alkanes as shown.
step 1
step 2
long-chain alkane step 1 ethene step 2 ethanol
ethene
ethanol
long-chain alkane
Describe the two-stage manufacture of ethanol from the long-chain alkane octane, C8H18.
Describe the two-stage manufacture of ethanol from the long-chain alkane octane, C8H18.
Include:
Include:
● the names of the types of chemical reactions that occur
● the
names
of the types of chemical reactions that occur
reaction
equations
● reaction equations
conditions.
● reaction conditions.
step 1 ........................................................................................................................................
step 1 ........................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
step 2 ........................................................................................................................................
step 2 ........................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................. [5]
.............................................................................................................................................. [5]
[Total: 20]
[Total: 20]
abul fazal
© UCLES 2018
© UCLES 2018
Organic Chemistry WS 2
0620/42/M/J/18
0620/42/M/J/18
Abul Fazal
85
7
16 2018 JUN P43 Q04
4
Ethanol is a member of the homologous series of alcohols.
(a) Give two characteristics of members of a homologous series.
1 .................................................................................................................................................
2 .................................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) The structure of ethanol is shown.
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
H
Complete the dot-and-cross diagram to show the electron arrangement in a molecule of
ethanol. Show outer shell electrons only.
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
H
[2]
(c) Ethanol can be produced by the catalytic addition of steam to ethene or by the fermentation of
glucose.
abul fazal
(i)
Write a chemical equation for the production of ethanol by the catalytic addition of steam
to ethene.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
Write a chemical equation for the production of ethanol by the fermentation of glucose,
C6H12O6.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii)
State one advantage of producing ethanol by the catalytic addition of steam to ethene.
Your answer must not refer to cost.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iv)
State one advantage of producing ethanol by the fermentation of glucose.
Your answer must not refer to cost.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
© UCLES 2018
Abul Fazal
0620/43/M/J/18
[Turn over
Organic Chemistry WS 2
86
8
8
(d)
(d) Ethanol
Ethanol can
can be
be oxidised
oxidised to
to ethanoic
ethanoic acid.
acid.
State the
the chemical
chemical reagent
reagent needed
needed to
to oxidise
oxidise ethanol
ethanol to
to ethanoic
ethanoic acid.
acid.
State
..............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
[1]
(e)
(e) Ethanoic
Ethanoic acid
acid reacts
reacts with
with ethanol
ethanol in
in the
the presence
presence of
of an
an acid
acid catalyst.
catalyst. The
The products
products are
are an
an
organic compound
compound and
and water.
water.
organic
(i)
(i)
Draw
Draw the
the structure
structure of
of the
the organic
organic compound
compound formed.
formed. Show
Show all
all of
of the
the atoms
atoms and
and all
all of
of the
the
bonds.
bonds.
[2]
[2]
(ii)
(ii)
State
State the
the name
name of
of the
the organic
organic compound
compound formed.
formed.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
[1]
.......................................................................................................................................
(iii)
(iii)
Which
Which homologous
homologous series
series does
does the
the organic
organic compound
compound formed
formed belong
belong to?
to?
.......................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
[1]
(f)
(f) Ethanoic
Ethanoic acid,
acid, CH
CH33COOH,
COOH, is
is a
a weak
weak acid.
acid. It
It reacts
reacts with
with copper(
copper(II
II)) carbonate
carbonate to
to form
form the
the salt
salt
copper(
II
)
ethanoate,
Cu(CH
COO)
.
copper(II) ethanoate, Cu(CH33COO)22.
(i)
(i)
What is
is meant
meant by
by the
the term
term weak
weak when
when applied
applied to
to acids?
acids?
What
.......................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
[1]
(ii)
(ii)
Describe
Describe how
how a
a crystalline
crystalline sample
sample of
of copper(
copper(II
II)) ethanoate
ethanoate can
can be
be prepared
prepared starting
starting with
with
ethanoic acid
acid and
and copper(
copper(II
II)) carbonate.
carbonate.
ethanoic
abul fazal
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [3]
[3]
(iii)
(iii)
Write the
the word
word equation
equation for
for the
the reaction
reaction between
between ethanoic
ethanoic acid
acid and
and copper(
copper(II
II)) carbonate.
carbonate.
Write
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
[1]
.......................................................................................................................................
[Total:
[Total: 18]
18]
©
© UCLES
UCLES 2018
2018
Organic Chemistry WS 2
0620/43/M/J/18
0620/43/M/J/18
Abul Fazal
11
1187
5 Alcohols are a ‘family’ of organic molecules which
11 have the same general formula.
5 Alcohols are a ‘family’ of organic molecules which
11 have the same general formula.
17
(a)
What
is P42
the
name
to any
‘family’which
of organic
molecules
which have
the same general
MAR
Q05ofgiven
5 2018
Alcohols
are
a ‘family’
organic
molecules
have the
same general
formula.
formula
and
similar
chemical
properties?
(a) Whatare
is the
nameofgiven
to any
‘family’which
of organic
molecules
which have
the same general
5 Alcohols
a ‘family’
organic
molecules
have the
same general
formula.
chemical
properties?
(a) formula
What is and
the similar
name given
to any
‘family’ of organic molecules which have the same general
..............................................................................................................................................
[1]
formula
chemical
properties?
(a) What
is and
the similar
name given
to any
‘family’ of organic molecules which have the same general
..............................................................................................................................................
[1]
formula
and similar chemical properties?
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(b) Give
the general formula of alcohols.
..............................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) Give the general formula of alcohols.
..............................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) Give
the general formula of alcohols.
..............................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) Give the general formula of alcohols.
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(c) Propan-1-ol
can be made from propene.
..............................................................................................................................................
[1]
(c) Propan-1-ol can be made from propene.
Name the
reagent
andfrom
givepropene.
the conditions needed to convert propene into propan-1-ol.
(c) (i)
Propan-1-ol
can
be made
(i)
Name
the
reagent
and
give
the conditions needed to convert propene into propan-1-ol.
(c) Propan-1-ol can be made from propene.
(i) reagent
Name the...............................................................................................................................
reagent and give the conditions needed to convert propene into propan-1-ol.
(i) reagent
Name the...............................................................................................................................
reagent and give the conditions needed to convert propene into propan-1-ol.
conditions
...........................................................................................................................
reagent
...............................................................................................................................
[2]
conditions
...........................................................................................................................
reagent ...............................................................................................................................
[2]
conditions ...........................................................................................................................
(ii) conditions
Write a chemical
equation for the complete combustion of propan-1-ol.
[2]
...........................................................................................................................
(ii) Write a chemical equation for the complete combustion of propan-1-ol.
[2]
.......................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) Write
a chemical equation for the complete combustion of propan-1-ol.
.......................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) Write
a chemical equation for the complete combustion of propan-1-ol.
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
(d) A simple
sugar can be represented as shown.
.......................................................................................................................................
[2]
(d) A simple sugar can be represented as shown.
(d) A simple sugar can be represented
H
O as shown.
O
H
(d) A simple sugar can be represented
H
O as shown.
O
H
H
O
O
H carbohydrates.
Simple sugars can be polymerised to make more complex
H
O
O
H
Simple sugars can be polymerised to make more complex carbohydrates.
(i)
Complete
the diagram
to showtopart
of more
a carbohydrate
polymer made from the simple
Simple
sugars can
be polymerised
make
complex carbohydrates.
sugar
shown.
(i)
Complete
the
diagram
to
show
part
of
a
carbohydrate
polymer made from the simple
Simple sugars can be polymerised to make more complex carbohydrates.
shown.
(i) sugar
Complete
the diagram to show part of a carbohydrate polymer made from the simple
shown.
(i) sugar
Complete
the diagram to show part of a carbohydrate polymer made from the simple
sugar shown.
abul fazal
(ii)
(ii)
(ii)
(ii)
(iii)
(iii)
(iii)
(iii)
[2]
[2]
Name the chemical process which occurs when a carbohydrate polymer is broken down
[2]
into
simple
sugars. process which occurs when a carbohydrate polymer is broken down
Name
the chemical
[2]
into
simple
sugars. process which occurs when a carbohydrate polymer is broken down
Name
the chemical
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
into
simple
sugars. process which occurs when a carbohydrate polymer is broken down
Name
the chemical
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
into
simple sugars.
What
conditions are needed for this process to occur?
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
What
conditions are needed for this process to occur?
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
What
conditions are needed for this process to occur?
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
What
conditions are needed for this process to occur?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
© UCLES 2018
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© UCLES 2018
0620/42/F/M/18
© UCLES 2018
0620/42/F/M/18
© UCLES 2018
0620/42/F/M/18
Abul Fazal
[Turn over
[Turn over
[Turn over
[Turn over
Organic Chemistry WS 2
88
12
12
18
NOV P41
6 2018
(a) Ethane,
C2H6,Q06
is a member of the homologous series called alkanes.
a member
of homologous
the homologous
series
called
alcohols.
C22HH65,OH,
6 (a) Ethanol,
Ethane, C
is a is
member
of the
series
called
alkanes.
Ethanol, C2H5OH, is a member of the homologous series called alcohols.
(i) Alkanes are hydrocarbons.
(i) Alkanes are hydrocarbons.
What is meant by the term hydrocarbon?
What is meant by the term hydrocarbon?
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
(ii) All members of a homologous series can be represented by a general formula.
(ii) All members of a homologous series can be represented by a general formula.
State the general formula of:
State the general formula of:
● alkanes ........................................................................................................................
● alkanes ........................................................................................................................
● alcohols ........................................................................................................................
[2]
● alcohols ........................................................................................................................
[2]
(iii) State two characteristics, other than having the same general formula, of members of a
series.
(iii) homologous
State two characteristics,
other than having the same general formula, of members of a
homologous series.
1 ..........................................................................................................................................
1 ..........................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
[2]
.............................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) Ethane can react with chlorine in a substitution reaction.
(b) Ethane can react with chlorine in a substitution reaction.
(i) State one essential reaction condition.
(i) State one essential reaction condition.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Draw the structure of the organic product formed by substitution of one of the hydrogen
in ethane
with
Show
all of the
atoms
all of theofbonds.
(ii) atoms
Draw the
structure
ofchlorine.
the organic
product
formed
by and
substitution
one of the hydrogen
atoms in ethane with chlorine. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
abul fazal
(iii)
(iii)
[1]
[1]
Name the product of the substitution reaction between ethane and chlorine that does not
contain
carbon.
Name the
product of the substitution reaction between ethane and chlorine that does not
contain carbon.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
© UCLES 2018
0620/41/O/N/18
© UCLES 2018
0620/41/O/N/18
Organic Chemistry WS 2
Abul Fazal
13
89
13
(c) Propan-1-ol is an alcohol.
(c) Propan-1-ol is an alcohol.
The structure of propan-1-ol is shown.
The structure of propan-1-ol is shown.
H H
H H
H C C
H C C
H H
H H
H
H
C
C
H
H
O
O
H
H
Propan-1-ol reacts with ethanoic acid to form an ester.
Propan-1-ol reacts with ethanoic acid to form an ester.
Give the name of the ester formed in this reaction.
Give the name of the ester formed in this reaction.
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(d) Ester Y has the structure shown.
(d) Ester Y has the structure shown.
H
H
(i)
(i)
(ii)
(ii)
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
HH
H
C C O
C C O
H H
H H
ester Y
ester Y
O
O
C
C
H
H
Give the molecular formula of ester Y.
Give the molecular formula of ester Y.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
Draw the structures of the carboxylic acid and the alcohol used to make ester Y. Show all
Draw
structures
acid
theof
alcohol
used to make
ester
Show all
of the the
atoms
and all of the carboxylic
bonds. Give
theand
name
the carboxylic
acid and
theY.alcohol.
of the atoms and all of the bonds. Give the name of the carboxylic acid and the alcohol.
structure of the carboxylic acid
structure of the carboxylic acid
abul fazal
name of the carboxylic acid ................................................................................................
name of the carboxylic acid ................................................................................................
structure of the alcohol
structure of the alcohol
name of the alcohol ............................................................................................................
name of the alcohol ............................................................................................................
[4]
[4]
© UCLES 2018
© UCLES 2018
Abul Fazal
0620/41/O/N/18
0620/41/O/N/18
[Turn over
[Turn over
Organic Chemistry WS 2
11
1190
11 hydrocarbons.
5 Alkynes are a homologous series of unsaturated
11 hydrocarbons.
5 Alkynes
are
a
homologous
series
of
unsaturated
All members
contain
a C≡C triple bond.
19
NOV
Q05
5 2018
Alkynes
are aP42
homologous
of unsaturated hydrocarbons.
All
members
contain
a C≡Cseries
triple bond.
5 Alkynes
are acontain
homologous
series
of unsaturated
hydrocarbons.
All
a C≡C
tripleinformation
bond.
(a) members
Complete
the table
showing
about
the first three alkynes.
All
members
contain
a
C≡C
triple
bond.
(a) Complete the table showing information about the first three alkynes.
(a) Complete the table showing information about the first three alkynes.
(a) Complete
first three alkynes.
formulathe table showing
C2H2 information aboutCthe
3H 4
formula
C 2H 2
C 3H 4
formula
C 2H 2
C 3H 4
structure
H–C≡C–H
H–C≡C–CH
H–C≡C–CH2–CH3
formula
C
H
C 3H 4 3
2 2
structure
H–C≡C–H
H–C≡C–CH
H–C≡C–CH2–CH3
3
structure
H–C≡C–H
H–C≡C–CH3
H–C≡C–CH2–CH3
name
ethyne
butyne –CH
structure
H–C≡C–H
H–C≡C–CH
H–C≡C–CH
3
3
name
ethyne
butyne2
name
ethyne
butyne
name
ethyne
butyne
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
(b) Complete the dot-and-cross diagram to show the electron arrangement in a molecule of ethyne,
(b) Complete
the
dot-and-cross
diagram
to
show
the
electron
arrangement
in
a
molecule
of
ethyne,
H–C≡C–H. Show outer shell electrons only.
(b) Complete
dot-and-cross
to only.
show the electron arrangement in a molecule of ethyne,
H–C≡C–H.the
Show
outer shelldiagram
electrons
(b) Complete
dot-and-cross
to only.
show the electron arrangement in a molecule of ethyne,
H–C≡C–H.the
Show
outer shelldiagram
electrons
H–C≡C–H. Show outer shell electrons only.
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
[2]
[2]
[2]
[2]
(c) Compounds in the same homologous series have the same general formula.
(c) Compounds in the same homologous series have the same general formula.
(c) (i)
Compounds
the same
homologous
series have
same general
formula.
Give twoinother
characteristics
of members
of athe
homologous
series.
(c) (i)
Compounds
in
the
same
homologous
series
have
the
same
general
formula.
Give two other characteristics of members of a homologous series.
(i) Give
two
other
characteristics
of
members
of
a
homologous
series.
1 ..........................................................................................................................................
(i) Give
two other characteristics of members of a homologous series.
1 ..........................................................................................................................................
1
..........................................................................................................................................
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
1
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
2
..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) Use the information in the table in (a) to deduce the general formula of alkynes.
[2]
(ii) Use the information in the table in (a) to deduce the general formula of alkynes.
(ii) Use
the
information
in
the
table
in
(a)
to
deduce
the
general
formula
of
alkynes.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Use
the information in the table in (a) to deduce the general formula of alkynes.
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(d) Alkynes
are unsaturated.
(d) Alkynes are unsaturated.
(d) Alkynes
unsaturated.
Describeare
a test
for unsaturation.
(d) Alkynes
unsaturated.
Describeare
a test
for unsaturation.
Describe
a
test
for unsaturation.
test .............................................................................................................................................
Describe
a test for unsaturation.
test .............................................................................................................................................
test
result.............................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
test
result.............................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
12
result ..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
result ..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(e) (i) Name an oxidising agent which can be used to oxidise ethanol to ethanoic acid.
[2]
abul fazal
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
(ii)
© UCLES 2018
© UCLES 2018
© UCLES 2018
© UCLES 2018
Draw the structure of ethanoic acid. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
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0620/42/O/N/18
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0620/42/O/N/18
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[1]
Organic
WS
2 can be converted into esters.
(f) Chemistry
Carboxylic
acids
(i)
Abul Fazal
The ester formed by reacting propanoic acid and methanol has the molecular formula
[1]
[1]
91
(f) Carboxylic acids can be converted into esters.
(f) Carboxylic acids can be converted into esters.
(i) The ester formed by reacting propanoic acid and methanol has the molecular formula
(i) C
The
ester formed by reacting propanoic acid and methanol has the molecular formula
4H8O2.
C4H8O2.
Name this ester and draw its structure. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
Name this ester and draw its structure. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
name of the ester ................................................................................................................
name of the ester ................................................................................................................
structure of the ester
structure of the ester
[2]
[2]
(ii) Name another ester with the molecular formula C4H8O2.
(ii) Name another ester with the molecular formula C4H8O2.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(g) Polyesters are polymers.
(g) Polyesters are polymers.
(i) What type of polymerisation is used in the manufacture of polyesters?
(i) What type of polymerisation is used in the manufacture of polyesters?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Name a polyester.
(ii) Name a polyester.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 17]
[Total: 17]
abul fazal
© UCLES 2018
© UCLES 2018
Abul Fazal
0620/42/O/N/18
0620/42/O/N/18
Organic Chemistry WS 2
92
9
20 2018 NOV P43 Q06
6
(a) Ethanol can be manufactured by fermentation and by hydration.
(i)
Describe these two processes of ethanol manufacture.
In each case you should:
● identify the reactants
● give the reaction conditions
● write a chemical equation for the reaction which produces ethanol.
fermentation ........................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
hydration .............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
[6]
(ii)
Give two advantages of ethanol manufacture by fermentation compared to by hydration.
1 ..........................................................................................................................................
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(iii)
abul fazal
State two major uses of ethanol.
1 ..........................................................................................................................................
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
© UCLES 2018
Organic Chemistry WS 2
0620/43/O/N/18
[Turn over
Abul Fazal
11
93
11
11
5 The structures of five alkenes, A, B, C, D and E, are shown.
5 2019
The structures
ofQ05
five alkenes, A, B, C, D and 11
E, are shown.
21
JUN P41
5 The structures
A of five alkenes, A, B, C, D and
B E, are shown.
C
5 The structures
of five alkenes, A, B, C, D and
E, are shown.
A
B
C
H
H
H
CH3
H
CH CH
A
B
C CH2CH3
H
H
H
CH3
H
2
3
H C AC H
H C B C CH3
H C C C CH2CH3
H C C H
H C C CH3
H C C CH2CH3
H C C H
H C C H
H C C H
H C C H
H C CH
H C CH
H
H
H
H
H
H
D
E
H
H
H
H
H
H
D
E
CH2CH2CH3
CH2CH2CH2CH3
H
H
D CH CH CH
E
CH2CH2CH2CH3
H
H
2
2
3
D
H C C CH2CH2CH3
H C E C CH2CH2CH2CH3
H C C CH2CH2CH3
H C C CH2CH2CH2CH3
H C C H
H C C H
H C C H
H C CH
H
H
H
H
(a) What is the general
H formula of
H alkenes?
H
H
(a) What is the general formula of alkenes?
(a) ..............................................................................................................................................
What is the general formula of alkenes?
[1]
(a) ..............................................................................................................................................
What is the general formula of alkenes?
[1]
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
..............................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) What
is the molecular formula of alkene D?
(b) What is the molecular formula of alkene D?
(b) ..............................................................................................................................................
What is the molecular formula of alkene D?
[1]
(b) ..............................................................................................................................................
What is the molecular formula of alkene D?
[1]
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
..............................................................................................................................................
[1]
(c) Predict
which alkene, A, B, C, D or E, has the highest boiling point.
(c) Explain
Predict which
alkene, A, B, C, D or E, has the highest boiling point.
your answer.
(c) Explain
Predict which
alkene, A, B, C, D or E, has the highest boiling point.
your answer.
(c) alkene
Predict.............................
which
alkene, A, B, C, D or E, has the highest boiling point.
Explain
your answer.
Explain.............................
your answer.
alkene
alkene .............................
explanation
................................................................................................................................
alkene .............................
explanation
................................................................................................................................
explanation
................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
explanation ................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
[2]
....................................................................................................................................................
[2]
....................................................................................................................................................
[2]
[2]
(d) Which alkene, A, B, C, D or E, diffuses most quickly?
(d) Explain
Which alkene,
A, B, C, D or E, diffuses most quickly?
your answer.
(d) Explain
Which alkene,
A, B, C, D or E, diffuses most quickly?
your answer.
(d) alkene
Which alkene,
A, B, C, D or E, diffuses most quickly?
Explain
your
answer.
.............................
Explain
your
answer.
alkene .............................
alkene .............................
explanation
................................................................................................................................
alkene .............................
explanation
................................................................................................................................
explanation ................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
explanation ................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
[2]
....................................................................................................................................................
[2]
....................................................................................................................................................
[2]
[2]
abul fazal
© UCLES 2019
© UCLES 2019
© UCLES 2019
0620/41/M/J/19
0620/41/M/J/19
0620/41/M/J/19
© UCLES 2019
0620/41/M/J/19
Abul Fazal
[Turn over
[Turn over
[Turn over
[Turn over
Organic Chemistry WS 2
1294
12
(e) A student added aqueous bromine to alkene C.
(e) A student added aqueous bromine to alkene C.
C
C CH CH
H
2
3
H
CH2CH3
C C
C C
H
H
H
H
Describe the colour change seen and draw the structure of the product. Show all of the atoms
Describe
and
all of the
the colour
bonds.change seen and draw the structure of the product. Show all of the atoms
and all of the bonds.
colour change from ........................................................ to .....................................................
colour change from ........................................................ to .....................................................
structure
structure
[2]
[2]
(f) Two different alcohols can be produced from alkene B by an addition reaction.
(f) Two different alcohols can be produced from alkene B by an addition reaction.
B
B CH
H
3
H
CH3
C C
C C
H
H
H
H
(i)
(i)
(ii)
(ii)
Draw the structures of the two alcohols. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
Draw the structures of the two alcohols. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
abul fazal
[2]
[2]
State the reagent and conditions needed to produce an alcohol from alkene B.
State the reagent and conditions needed to produce an alcohol from alkene B.
reagent ...............................................................................................................................
reagent ...............................................................................................................................
conditions ...........................................................................................................................
conditions ...........................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
[3]
[3]
© UCLES 2019
© UCLES 2019
Organic Chemistry WS 2
0620/41/M/J/19
0620/41/M/J/19
Abul Fazal
increasing
thethe
temperature
increasing
temperature
increases
increases
decreasing
thethe
pressure
decreasing
pressure
95
[4]
22 2019 JUN P42 Q04
(c) (c)
Methanol
is ais member
of of
thethe
homologous
Methanol
a member
homologousseries
seriesofofalcohols.
alcohols.
State
two
general
characteristicsofofa ahomologous
homologousseries.
series.
(i) (i)State
two
general
characteristics
1 ..........................................................................................................................................
1 ..........................................................................................................................................
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
[2]
Draw
structures
two
differentalcohols,
alcohols,each
eachcontaining
containingthree
threecarbon
carbon atoms.
atoms. Show
Show
(ii)(ii)Draw
thethe
structures
of of
two
different
all
of
the
atoms
and
all
of
the
bonds.
all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
Name
these
two
alcohols.
Name
these
two
alcohols.
name ......................................................
name ......................................................
name ......................................................
name ......................................................
7
(iii)
© UCLES 2019
© UCLES 2019
[4]
[4]
What term is used to describe compounds with the same molecular formula but different
structural formulae?
0620/42/M/J/19
0620/42/M/J/19
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(d) Alcohols react with carboxylic acids to produce esters.
abul fazal
(i)
The structure of ester X is shown.
O
H
C
O
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
Name ester X.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
Give the name of the carboxylic acid and the alcohol that react together to produce ester X.
carboxylic acid ....................................................................................................................
alcohol ................................................................................................................................
[2]
(iii)
Ester Y is different from ester X but also has the formula C3H6O2.
Draw the structure of ester Y. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
Abul Fazal
Organic Chemistry WS 2
(iii)
What term is used to describe compounds with the same molecular formula but different
structural formulae?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
96
(d) Alcohols react with carboxylic acids to produce esters.
(i)
The structure of ester X is shown.
O
H
C
O
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
Name ester X.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
Give the name of the carboxylic acid and the alcohol that react together to produce ester X.
carboxylic acid ....................................................................................................................
alcohol ................................................................................................................................
[2]
(iii)
Ester Y is different from ester X but also has the formula C3H6O2.
Draw the structure of ester Y. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
.............................................................................................................................................
[2]
abul fazal
[Total: 17]
© UCLES 2019
Organic Chemistry WS 2
0620/42/M/J/19
[Turn over
Abul Fazal
97
12
12
23 2019 JUN P43 Q06
6 (a) Two hydrocarbons have the structures shown.
6 (a) Two hydrocarbons have the structures shown.
hydrocarbon A
hydrocarbon A
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
C
C
H
H
hydrocarbon B
hydrocarbon B
H
H
H
H
H
H
C
H
H
C C
H C
H
C H
H C
C
C
H C
C H
H H
H H
H
H
H
H
(i) Why are these two compounds hydrocarbons?
(i) Why are these two compounds hydrocarbons?
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
(ii) Hydrocarbon B reacts in the same way as a typical alkane.
(ii) Hydrocarbon B reacts in the same way as a typical alkane.
Describe a chemical test to tell the difference between hydrocarbon A and hydrocarbon B.
Describe a chemical test to tell the difference between hydrocarbon A and hydrocarbon B.
State the name of the reagent you would use and the result you would obtain with
State
the name
of hydrocarbon
the reagent B.
you would use and the result you would obtain with
hydrocarbon
A and
hydrocarbon A and hydrocarbon B.
reagent ...............................................................................................................................
reagent ...............................................................................................................................
result with hydrocarbon A ...................................................................................................
result with hydrocarbon A ...................................................................................................
result with hydrocarbon B ...................................................................................................
result with hydrocarbon B ...................................................................................................
[3]
[3]
(b) Alkenes react with steam to form alcohols.
(b) Alkenes
react
with
to form alcohols.
Compound
C is
an steam
alcohol.
Compound C is an alcohol.
compound C
compound C
H H H H
H H H H
H C C C C
H C C C C
H H H H
H H H H
abul fazal
O
O
H
H
Draw the structure of the alkene which could be reacted with steam to make compound C.
Draw
of and
the alkene
which
could be reacted with steam to make compound C.
Show the
all ofstructure
the atoms
all of the
bonds.
Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
[1]
[1]
© UCLES 2019
© UCLES 2019
Abul Fazal
0620/43/M/J/19
0620/43/M/J/19
Organic Chemistry WS 2
(ii)
Why is ethanoic acid described as weak ?
.............................................................................................................................................
98
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
24 2019 MAR P42 Q04
(d) Ethanoic acid reacts with methanol to form an ester.
5
9
(i) State two conditions required for this reaction.
(a) Part of the structure of synthetic polymer A is shown.
1 ..........................................................................................................................................
CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
C
C C C C C
(ii)
CH3 ethanoic
CH3 CH3 acid reacts with methanol. Show all
Draw the structure of the CH
ester
formed
3 CH
3 CH3when
of the atoms and all of the bonds. Name the ester.
(i)
What type of synthetic polymer is A?
structure
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
Deduce the empirical formula of polymer A.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii)
Draw the structure of the monomer from which polymer A is made.
name ...................................................................................................................................
[3]
(iii)
Name an ester which is a structural isomer of the ester in (d)(ii).
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
[2]
25 2019 NOV P41 Q05
[Total: 15]
(b) The formula C4H10 represents two different structural isomers.
(i)
What is meant by the term structural isomers?
.............................................................................................................................................
abul fazal
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
(ii)
© UCLES 2019
Draw the structures of two structural isomers with the formula C4H10.
Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
0620/42/F/M/19
[2]
(iii)
All structural isomers of C4H10 are flammable.
Write a chemical equation for the incomplete combustion of C4H10.
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 10]
© UCLES 2019
Organic Chemistry WS 2
0620/41/O/N/19
[Turn over
Abul Fazal
99
26 2019 NOV P41 Q07
7
12
This question is about ethanol.
(a) Ethanol that is suitable for use as a fuel can be manufactured from sugars such as glucose,
C6H12O6, by a two-step process.
Describe how this can be done. In your answer, include:
●
●
●
an equation for the reaction in which ethanol is formed
the essential conditions for the reaction in which ethanol is formed
the name of the process used to obtain ethanol that is pure enough to use as a fuel from
the reaction mixture.
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................. [5]
abul fazal
© UCLES 2019
Abul Fazal
0620/41/O/N/19
Organic Chemistry WS 2
100
10
27 2020 JUN P42 Q06
6
(a) Propane reacts with chlorine in a photochemical reaction as shown.
C3H8 + Cl 2 → C3H7Cl + HCl
(i)
What type of reaction is this?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
What condition is needed for this photochemical reaction to occur?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii)
Draw two structural isomers of compounds with the formula C3H7Cl.
Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
12
[2]
(c) There are three functional groups in compound A.
(b) Propene reacts with chlorine in an addition reaction as shown.
compound A
C3H6 + Cl 2 → C3H6Cl 2
COOH CH2OH
(i) State why this is an addition reaction.
C
C
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
H
H
(i)
abul fazal
Name the homologous series of compounds that contains the following structures.
C=C ....................................................................................................................................
–OH ....................................................................................................................................
–COOH ...............................................................................................................................
[3]
(ii)
What would you observe when compound A is added to:
aqueous bromine ................................................................................................................
aqueous sodium carbonate? ..............................................................................................
[2]
(d) Compound A can be used as a single monomer to produce two different polymers.
© UCLES 2020
(i)
0620/42/M/J/20
Draw one repeat unit of the addition polymer formed from compound A.
Organic Chemistry WS 2
Abul Fazal
aqueous bromine ................................................................................................................
aqueous sodium carbonate? ..............................................................................................
[2]
101
(d) Compound A can be used as a single monomer to produce two different polymers.
(i)
Draw one repeat unit of the addition polymer formed from compound A.
[2]
(ii)
What type of condensation polymer is formed from compound A?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 16]
© UCLES 2020
0620/42/M/J/20
abul fazal
Abul Fazal
Organic Chemistry WS 2
102
2
28 2020 JUN P43 Q01
1
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H
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(v) *LYHWKHOHWWHUVRItwoFRPSRXQGVWKDWFDQUHDFWZLWKHDFKRWKHUWRIRUPDQHVWHU
DQG>@
(vi) *LYHWKHOHWWHURIWKHFRPSRXQGWKDWLVLQWKHVDPHKRPRORJRXVVHULHVDVKH[HQH
>@
(vii) *LYHWKHOHWWHURIoneFRPSRXQGWKDWLVDQDFLG
>@
© UCLES 2020
Organic Chemistry WS 2
0620/43/M/J/20
Abul Fazal
H
H
H
103
>@
(v) *LYHWKHOHWWHUVRItwoFRPSRXQGVWKDWFDQUHDFWZLWKHDFKRWKHUWRIRUPDQHVWHU
DQG>@
(vi) *LYHWKHOHWWHURIWKHFRPSRXQGWKDWLVLQWKHVDPHKRPRORJRXVVHULHVDVKH[HQH
>@
(vii) *LYHWKHOHWWHURIoneFRPSRXQGWKDWLVDQDFLG
3
>@
(viii) 'UDZDVWUXFWXUDOLVRPHURIFRPSRXQGD
0620/43/M/J/20
© UCLES 2020 6KRZDOORIWKHDWRPVDQGDOORIWKHERQGV
>@
2
(b) 6RPHDFLGVDUHGHVFULEHGDVZHDNDFLGV
Petroleum is a useful natural resource.
6WDWHWKHPHDQLQJRIWKHWHUPweak acid
The diagram shows how petroleum can be separated into useful substances.
ZHDN
refinery gas
29 2020 MAR P42 Q01
1
DFLG
>@
gasoline fraction
abul fazal
A
>7RWDO@
kerosene fraction
diesel oil
fuel oil fraction
lubricating oil fraction
petroleum
B
(a) What is the name of the separation process shown in the diagram?
.............................................................................................................................................. [2]
(b) Name the fraction leaving at:
A ................................................................................................................................................
Abul Fazal B ................................................................................................................................................
Organic Chemistry WS 2
[2]
(a) What is the name of the separation process shown in the diagram?
.............................................................................................................................................. [2]
.............................................................................................................................................. [2]
104
(b) Name the fraction leaving at:
(b) Name the fraction leaving at:
A ................................................................................................................................................
A ................................................................................................................................................
B ................................................................................................................................................
[2]
B ................................................................................................................................................
[2]
(c) Refinery gas is a mixture of hydrocarbons.
(c) Refinery gas is a mixture of hydrocarbons.
One refinery gas is butane, C4H10.
One refinery gas is butane, C4H10.
(i) Suggest the names of two other refinery gases.
(i) Suggest the names of two other refinery gases.
............................................................... and .............................................................. [2]
............................................................... and .............................................................. [2]
(ii) Write the chemical equation for the complete combustion of butane.
(ii) Write the chemical equation for the complete combustion of butane.
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
(iii) Name the toxic gas produced by the incomplete combustion of butane.
(iii) Name the toxic gas produced by the incomplete combustion of butane.
3
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
3
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(d) Gasoline and kerosene are both fuels. They have different properties.
(d) Gasoline and kerosene are both fuels. They have different properties.
(i) Describe the differences in the properties given.
(i) Describe the differences in the properties given.
© UCLES 2020
© UCLES 2020
viscosity of the fuel .............................................................................................................
0620/42/F/M/20
viscosity of the fuel .............................................................................................................
0620/42/F/M/20
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
flammability of the fuel ........................................................................................................
flammability of the fuel ........................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
[2]
[2]
(ii) What difference in the molecules of gasoline and kerosene causes these differences in
(ii) properties?
What difference in the molecules of gasoline and kerosene causes these differences in
properties?
abul fazal
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(e) Hydrogen fuel cells can be used to power vehicles.
(e) Hydrogen fuel cells can be used to power vehicles.
Write the word equation for the overall reaction that takes place in a hydrogen fuel cell.
Write the word equation for the overall reaction that takes place in a hydrogen fuel cell.
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 13]
[Total: 13]
Organic Chemistry WS 2
Abul Fazal
12
105
12
12of the same homologous series.
6 (a) Ethane, propane and butane are members
30
NOV P41
Q06
6 2020
(a) Ethane,
propane
and butane are members of the same homologous series.
6 (a) (i)
Ethane,
propane
and butaneseries.
are members of the same homologous series.
Name
this homologous
(i) Name this homologous series.
(i) Name
this homologous series.
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(ii) State
two ways members of the same homologous series are similar.
(ii) State two ways members of the same homologous series are similar.
(ii) 1
State
two ways members of the same homologous series are similar.
..........................................................................................................................................
1 ..........................................................................................................................................
1
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
[2]
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) One mole of ethane, C2H6, contains 6.02 × 1023 molecules.
(b) One mole of ethane, C2H6, contains 6.02 × 1023 molecules.
23
6.02
10ethane.
molecules.
(b) Calculate
One mole how
of ethane,
C2H6, contains
many molecules
are in
15 g× of
Calculate how many molecules are in 15 g of ethane.
Calculate how many molecules are in 15 g of ethane.
number of ethane molecules = .............................. [1]
number of ethane molecules = .............................. [1]
number of ethane molecules = .............................. [1]
(c) Propane reacts with chlorine.
(c) Propane reacts with chlorine.
(c) (i)
Propane
with chlorine.
Writereacts
the formula
of the product which does not contain carbon.
(i) Write the formula of the product which does not contain carbon.
(i) Write
the formula of the product which does not contain carbon.
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(ii) Draw
the structure of an organic product formed. Show all of the atoms and all of the
(ii) Draw
the
structure
of
an
organic
product
formed.
Show
all
of
the
atoms
and
all
of
the
bonds.
(ii) bonds.
Draw the structure of an organic product formed. Show all of the atoms and all of the
bonds.
abul fazal
(iii)
(iii)
(iii)
State the name of this type of reaction.
State the name of this type of reaction.
State
the name of this type of reaction.
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
© UCLES 2020
© UCLES 2020
0620/41/O/N/20
0620/41/O/N/20
© UCLES 2020
0620/41/O/N/20
Abul Fazal
[1]
[1]
[1]
Organic Chemistry WS 2
13
106
13
(d) (i) Aqueous bromine was added to a sample of ethene.
(d) (i) Aqueous bromine was added to a sample of ethene.
Give the colour change seen.
Give the colour change seen.
from ............................................................. to ............................................................ [2]
from ............................................................. to ............................................................ [2]
(ii) Explain, in terms of bonding, why there is no colour change when aqueous bromine is
(ii) added
Explain,
terms of bonding, why there is no colour change when aqueous bromine is
to in
ethane.
added to ethane.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(e) There are two structural isomers with the formula C4H10.
(e) There are two structural isomers with the formula C4H10.
(i) Draw the structures of both of these isomers, showing all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
(i) Draw the structures of both of these isomers, showing all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
[2]
[2]
(ii) Butane is formed when longer chain hydrocarbons are cracked.
(ii) Butane is formed when longer chain hydrocarbons are cracked.
Complete the chemical equation to show the other product when butane is formed by
Complete the chemical equation to show the other product when butane is formed by
cracking.
cracking.
[1]
C6H14 → C4H10 + ................................
[1]
C6H14 → C4H10 + ................................
abul fazal
© UCLES 2020
0620/41/O/N/20
© UCLES 2020
0620/41/O/N/20
Organic Chemistry WS 2
[Turn over
[Turn over
Abul Fazal
107
14
(f) A compound contains 85.7% carbon and 14.3% hydrogen by mass.
(i)
Calculate the empirical formula of this compound.
Show your working.
.............................. [2]
(ii)
The molecular mass of the compound is 112.
Calculate the molecular formula of this compound.
.............................. [1]
15
15
[Total: 16]
31 2020 NOV P41 Q07
7 (a) Ethanol can be manufactured by two different methods.
7 (a) Ethanol can be manufactured by two different methods.
Method 1: fermentation of a sugar, C6H12O6
Method 1: fermentation of a sugar, C6H12O6
C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
Method 2: reaction of ethene with steam
Method 2: reaction of ethene with steam
C2H4 + H2O → C2H5OH
C2H4 + H2O → C2H5OH
(i) Give one advantage of using fermentation compared with Method 2.
(i) Give one advantage of using fermentation compared with Method 2.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Give one disadvantage of using fermentation compared with Method 2.
(ii) Give one disadvantage of using fermentation compared with Method 2.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
abul fazal
(b) Ethanol reacts with acidified potassium manganate(VII) to form water and a product that turns
(b) litmus
Ethanol
reacts with acidified potassium manganate(VII) to form water and a product that turns
red.
litmus red.
(i) State the name of the product that turns the litmus red.
(i) State the name of the product that turns the litmus red.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) State the type of reaction that ethanol undergoes when it reacts with acidified
(ii) potassium
State the manganate(
type of reaction
VII). that ethanol undergoes when it reacts with acidified
potassium manganate(VII).
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
[1]
© UCLES 2020 .......................................................................................................................................
0620/41/O/N/20
(c) Ethanol reacts with methanoic acid to form an ester.
(c) Ethanol reacts with methanoic acid to form an ester.
(i) Name the ester formed in this reaction.
(i) Name the ester formed in this reaction.
Abul Fazal
Organic Chemistry WS 2
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Draw the structure of the ester formed.
(ii)
State the type of reaction that ethanol undergoes when it reacts with acidified
potassium manganate(VII).
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
108
(c) Ethanol reacts with methanoic acid to form an ester.
(i)
Name the ester formed in this reaction.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
Draw the structure of the ester formed.
Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
[1]
16
(d) The table shows the melting points of ethanol and sodium chloride.
substance
© UCLES 2020
melting point / °C
ethanol 0620/41/O/N/20
sodium chloride
–114
[Turn over
801
The difference in melting points is due to differences in attractive forces between particles in
these substances.
Name the type of attractive force in each substance, which is responsible for the difference in
melting points.
ethanol .......................................................................................................................................
sodium chloride .........................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 8]
abul fazal
Organic Chemistry WS 2
Abul Fazal
109
7
7
4 2020
Alkenes
and P42
alkanes
are homologous series of 7compounds containing carbon and hydrogen atoms.
32
NOV
Q04
4 Alkenes and alkanes are homologous series of compounds containing carbon and hydrogen atoms.
4 Alkenes
and
are
homologous
series ofmade
compounds
containing
carbon and
hydrogen
(a) State
thealkanes
name of
the
type of compound
from carbon
and hydrogen
atoms
only. atoms.
(a) State the name of the type of compound made from carbon and hydrogen atoms only.
(a) State
the name of the type of compound made from carbon and hydrogen atoms only.
..............................................................................................................................................
[1]
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(b) Alkenes take part in addition reactions.
(b) Alkenes take part in addition reactions.
(b) (i)
Alkenes
take part
reactions.
Describe
whatinisaddition
meant by
the term addition reaction.
(i) Describe what is meant by the term addition reaction.
(i) Describe
what is meant by the term addition reaction.
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(ii) Draw
the structure of the product made in the addition reaction between propene and
(ii) Draw
the Show
structure
theatoms
product
in the
addition reaction between propene and
bromine.
all ofofthe
andmade
all of the
bonds.
bromine.
all ofofthe
andmade
all of the
bonds.
(ii) Draw
the Show
structure
theatoms
product
in the
addition reaction between propene and
bromine. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
(iii)
(iii)
(iii)
(iv)
(iv)
(iv)
(c)
(c)
(c)
[2]
[2]
[2]
Describe the colour change seen when propene is added to aqueous bromine.
Describe the colour change seen when propene is added to aqueous bromine.
Describe
the colour change seen when propene
is added to aqueous bromine.
from ............................................................
to ............................................................
[2]
from ............................................................ to ............................................................ [2]
from ............................................................
to ............................................................
[2]
Draw
the structures of molecules of two different
alkenes which both undergo an addition
Draw thewith
structures
of form
molecules
of twoShow
different
which
both
undergo
an addition
reaction
steam to
butan-2-ol.
all ofalkenes
the atoms
and
all of
the bonds.
reaction
steam to
butan-2-ol.
all ofalkenes
the atoms
and
all of
the bonds.
Draw
thewith
structures
of form
molecules
of twoShow
different
which
both
undergo
an addition
reaction with steam to form butan-2-ol. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
abul fazal
Propane undergoes a substitution reaction with chlorine.
Propane undergoes a substitution reaction with chlorine.
Propane
substitution
reaction
with between
chlorine. one molecule of propane and one
Write theundergoes
chemical a
equation
for the
reaction
Write
the
chemical
equation
for
the
reaction
between
one molecule of propane and one
molecule of chlorine.
molecule
chlorine.equation for the reaction between one molecule of propane and one
Write
the ofchemical
molecule
of chlorine.
..............................................................................................................................................
[2]
.............................................................................................................................................. [2]
..............................................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 10]
[Total: 10]
[Total: 10]
© UCLES 2020
© UCLES 2020
0620/42/O/N/20
0620/42/O/N/20
© UCLES 2020
0620/42/O/N/20
Abul Fazal
[2]
[2]
[2]
[Turn over
[Turn over
[Turn over
Organic Chemistry WS 2
110
8
33 2020 NOV P42 Q05
5
This question is about alcohols, carboxylic acids and esters.
(a) Ethanol will react with hot aqueous potassium manganate(VII) to form ethanoic acid.
(i)
State the other condition needed for this reaction to take place.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
State the type of chemical change that happens to the ethanol during this reaction.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii)
The structure of ethanoic acid is shown.
H
H
C
H
O
C
O
H
Complete the dot-and-cross diagram to show the electron arrangement in a molecule of
ethanoic acid.
O
H
H
C
C
H
O
H
abul fazal
© UCLES 2020
Organic Chemistry WS 2
[3]
0620/42/O/N/20
Abul Fazal
magnesium ribbon is added
[6]
111
(c) Ethanoic acid will react with an alcohol to form the ester shown.
H
H
H
O
H
C
H
C
C
O
C
H
H
C
H
H
H
(i)
Name the other product formed when ethanoic acid reacts with an alcohol to make this
ester.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
Give one condition needed when ethanoic acid reacts with the alcohol to make this ester.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii)
Draw the structure of the alcohol which was added to ethanoic acid to make this ester.
Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
[2]
© UCLES 2020
[Turn over
0620/42/O/N/20
abul fazal
Abul Fazal
Organic Chemistry WS 2
112
12
34 2020 NOV P43 Q06
6
(a) A carboxylic acid and an ester are structural isomers.
(i)
State the meaning of the term structural isomers.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
(ii)
Draw the structures of the carboxylic acid and the ester which both contain two carbon
atoms.
Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
Name the carboxylic acid and the ester.
carboxylic acid
ester
name ................................................
name ................................................
abul fazal
© UCLES 2020
Organic Chemistry WS 2
[4]
0620/43/O/N/20
Abul Fazal
113
13
13
35 2021 JUN P41 Q07
7 Many organic compounds contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only.
7 Many organic compounds contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only.
(a) An organic compound V has the following composition by mass.
(a) An organic compound V has the following composition by mass.
C, 48.65%; H, 8.11%; O, 43.24%
C, 48.65%; H, 8.11%; O, 43.24%
Calculate the empirical formula of compound V.
Calculate the empirical formula of compound V.
empirical formula = .............................. [3]
empirical formula = .............................. [3]
(b) Compound W has the empirical formula CH4O and a relative molecular mass of 32.
(b) Compound W has the empirical formula CH4O and a relative molecular mass of 32.
Calculate the molecular formula of compound W.
Calculate the molecular formula of compound W.
molecular formula = .............................. [1]
molecular formula = .............................. [1]
(c) Compounds X and Y have the same general formula.
(c) Compounds X and Y have the same general formula.
X and Y are both carboxylic acids.
X and Y are both carboxylic acids.
Compound X has the molecular formula C2H4O2.
Compound X has the molecular formula C2H4O2.
Compound Y has the molecular formula C4H8O2.
Compound Y has the molecular formula C4H8O2.
(i) Deduce the general formula of compounds X and Y.
(i) Deduce the general formula of compounds X and Y.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
abul fazal
© UCLES 2021
© UCLES 2021
Abul Fazal
0620/41/M/J/21
0620/41/M/J/21
[Turn over
[Turn over
Organic Chemistry WS 2
molecular formula = .............................. [1]
114
(c) Compounds X and Y have the same general formula.
X and Y are both carboxylic acids.
Compound X has the molecular formula C2H4O2.
Compound Y has the molecular formula C4H8O2.
(i)
Deduce the general formula of compounds X and Y.
14
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(ii)
Draw the structure of compound Y. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
Name compound Y.
© UCLES 2021
(iii)
name ...................................................................................................................................
[3]
[Turn over
0620/41/M/J/21
Give the name used to describe a ‘family’ of similar compounds with the same general
formula, similar chemical properties and the same functional group.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d) Propene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. The formula of propene is shown.
CH3CH=CH2
(i)
State the colour change observed when propene is added to aqueous bromine.
abul fazal
from ............................................................. to ............................................................ [1]
(ii)
Propene can be produced by cracking long chain alkanes.
Pentadecane, C15H32, is cracked to produce an alkane and propene in a 1 : 2 molar ratio.
Complete the chemical equation for this reaction.
C15H32 → ....................................... + .......................................
(iii)
[2]
Propene can be converted into poly(propene).
Name the type of polymerisation that occurs when propene is converted into poly(propene).
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iv)
Complete the diagram to show a section of poly(propene).
C
Organic Chemistry WS 2
C
C
C
[2]Fazal
Abul
[Total: 15]
formula, similar chemical properties and the same functional group.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
115
(d) Propene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. The formula of propene is shown.
CH3CH=CH2
(i)
State the colour change observed when propene is added to aqueous bromine.
from ............................................................. to ............................................................ [1]
(ii)
Propene can be produced by cracking long chain alkanes.
Pentadecane, C15H32, is cracked to produce an alkane and propene in a 1 : 2 molar ratio.
Complete the chemical equation for this reaction.
C15H32 → ....................................... + .......................................
(iii)
[2]
Propene can be converted into poly(propene).
Name the type of polymerisation that occurs when propene is converted into poly(propene).
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iv)
Complete the diagram to show a section of poly(propene).
C
C
C
C
[2]
[Total: 15]
abul fazal
© UCLES 2021
Abul Fazal
0620/41/M/J/21
Organic Chemistry WS 2
116
12
12
36
JUN P43
Q07 contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only.
7 2021
Many organic
compounds
7 Many organic compounds contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only.
(a) An organic compound R has the following composition by mass.
(a) An organic compound R has the following composition by mass.
C, 69.77%; H, 11.63%; O, 18.60%
C, 69.77%; H, 11.63%; O, 18.60%
Calculate the empirical formula of compound R.
Calculate the empirical formula of compound R.
empirical formula = .............................. [2]
empirical formula = .............................. [2]
(b) Compound S has the empirical formula CH2O and a relative molecular mass of 60.
(b) Compound S has the empirical formula CH2O and a relative molecular mass of 60.
Calculate the molecular formula of compound S.
Calculate the molecular formula of compound S.
molecular formula = .............................. [2]
molecular formula = .............................. [2]
(c) Compounds T and V have the same molecular formula, C3H6O2.
(c) Compounds T and V have the same molecular formula, C3H6O2.
● Compound T is an ester.
● Compound T
an ester.
V is
contains
a –COOH functional group.
● Compound V contains a –COOH functional group.
(i) State the name given to compounds with the same molecular formula but different
(i) structures.
State the name given to compounds with the same molecular formula but different
structures.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Name the homologous series that V is a member of.
(ii) Name the homologous series that V is a member of.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
abul fazal
© UCLES 2021
© UCLES 2021
Organic Chemistry WS 2
0620/43/M/J/21
0620/43/M/J/21
Abul Fazal
117
molecular formula = .............................. [2]
(c) Compounds T and V have the same molecular formula, C3H6O2.
●
●
Compound T is an ester.
Compound V contains a –COOH functional group.
(i)
State the name given to compounds with the same molecular formula but different
structures.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
(iii)
(iii)
© UCLES (iv)
2021
(iv)
Name the homologous series that V is a member of.
13
13
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
Draw a structure of compound T. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
Draw a structure of compound T. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
Name compound T.
Name compound T.
name ...................................................................................................................................
name ...................................................................................................................................
[3]
[3]
0620/43/M/J/21
Draw the structure of compound V. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
Draw the structure of compound V. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
Name compound V.
Name compound V.
name ...................................................................................................................................
name ...................................................................................................................................
[2]
[2]
abul fazal
(d) Ethanol can be produced from long chain alkanes such as decane, C10H22, in a two-step
(d) Ethanol
process. can be produced from long chain alkanes such as decane, C10H22, in a two-step
process.
step 1
step 2
decane step 1 ethene step 2 ethanol
ethene
ethanol
decane
For each of the two steps:
For
thetype
twoof
steps:
● each
nameofthe
chemical reaction that occurs
●
name
the
type
of
chemical reaction that occurs
● write a chemical equation.
● write a chemical equation.
step 1: decane to ethene
step 1: decane to ethene
type of reaction ..........................................................................................................................
type of reaction ..........................................................................................................................
chemical equation ......................................................................................................................
chemical equation ......................................................................................................................
step 2: ethene to ethanol
step 2: ethene to ethanol
type of reaction ..........................................................................................................................
type of reaction ..........................................................................................................................
chemical equation ......................................................................................................................
chemical equation ......................................................................................................................
[4]
[4]
[Total: 15]
[Total: 15]WS 2
Abul Fazal
Organic Chemistry
118
8
37 2021 MAR P42 Q05
5
5
The
The table
table shows
shows the
the names
names or
or structures
structures of
of organic
organic compounds
compounds P
P to
to U.
U.
H
H
H
P
P
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
Q
Q
R
R
propanoic acid
but-1-ene
T
U
H
H H
H
S
H
propan-1-ol
propan-1-ol
C
methyl
methyl butanoate
butanoate
C
H
H
C
H
H
(a) Give the letters of the organic compounds, P to U, that are unsaturated hydrocarbons.
.............................................................................................................................................. [2]
(b) Describe the test for an unsaturated hydrocarbon.
test .............................................................................................................................................
observations ..............................................................................................................................
[2]
(c) But-1-ene is an unbranched molecule.
(i) Name the unbranched isomer of but-1-ene.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Draw
Draw the structure of a branched isomer of but-1-ene. Show all of the atoms and all of the
bonds.
bonds.
abul fazal
[1]
[1]
(d)
(d) Dodecane
Dodecane is
is an
an alkane
alkane with
with 12
12 carbon
carbon atoms.
atoms. Dodecane
Dodecane can
can be
be cracked.
cracked.
(i)
(i) Write
Write the
the formula
formula of
of dodecane.
dodecane.
.......................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
[1]
(ii)
(ii) Give
Give the
the letters
letters of
of all
all the
the organic
organic compounds,
compounds, P
P to
to U,
U, that
that can
can be
be formed
formed when
when dodecane
dodecane
is
cracked.
is cracked.
.......................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
[2]
©
© UCLES
UCLES 2021
2021
Organic Chemistry WS 2
0620/42/F/M/21
0620/42/F/M/21
Abul Fazal
9
9
9119 needed to convert organic compound U into
(e) Name the reagent and suggest the conditions
(e) organic
Name the
reagent S.
and suggest the conditions needed to convert organic compound U into
compound
(e) organic
Name the
reagent S.
and suggest the conditions needed to convert organic compound U into
compound
organic
compound
S.
reagent ......................................................................................................................................
reagent ......................................................................................................................................
reagent ......................................................................................................................................
conditions
..................................................................................................................................
conditions ..................................................................................................................................
[3]
conditions ..................................................................................................................................
[3]
[3]
(f)
(f)
(f)
Organic compound S can be converted to organic compound Q by reaction with an acidified
Organic compound S can be converted to organic compound Q by reaction with an acidified
reagent.
Organic compound S can be converted to organic compound Q by reaction with an acidified
reagent.
reagent.
(i)
Name the type of chemical change that happens to organic compound S.
(i) Name the type of chemical change that happens to organic compound S.
(i) .......................................................................................................................................
Name the type of chemical change that happens to organic compound S.
[1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(ii) Name
the acidified reagent added to organic compound S.
(ii) Name the acidified reagent added to organic compound S.
(ii) .......................................................................................................................................
Name the acidified reagent added to organic compound S.
[1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(g) Organic compound T is made by reacting two compounds together.
(g) Organic compound T is made by reacting two compounds together.
(g) (i)
Organic
compound
T is made
by reacting
two compounds
Name
the homologous
series
that organic
compound Ttogether.
belongs to.
(i) Name the homologous series that organic compound T belongs to.
(i) .......................................................................................................................................
Name the homologous series that organic compound T belongs to.
[1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(ii) Name
the two compounds which react together to make organic compound T.
(ii) Name the two compounds which react together to make organic compound T.
(ii) Draw
Namethe
thestructures
two compounds
react you
together
make organic
T. and all of
of eachwhich
compound
haveto
named.
Show allcompound
of the atoms
Draw
the structures of each compound you have named. Show all of the atoms and all of
the
bonds.
Draw
the structures of each compound you have named. Show all of the atoms and all of
the
bonds.
the
bonds.
name ...................................................................................................................................
name ...................................................................................................................................
name ...................................................................................................................................
structure
structure
structure
abul fazal
name ...................................................................................................................................
name ...................................................................................................................................
name ...................................................................................................................................
structure
structure
structure
[4]
[4]
[4]
(iii) Deduce the molecular formula of organic compound T.
(iii) Deduce the molecular formula of organic compound T.
(iii) .......................................................................................................................................
Deduce the molecular formula of organic compound T.
[1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 20]
[Total: 20]
[Total: 20]
[Turn over
© UCLES 2021
0620/42/F/M/21
[Turn over
© UCLES 2021
0620/42/F/M/21
[Turn over
© UCLES 2021
0620/42/F/M/21
Abul Fazal
Organic Chemistry WS 2
120
10
38 2021 NOV P41 Q05
5
Alkenes and carboxylic acids are both families of similar compounds with similar chemical properties.
Alkenes and carboxylic acids have different reactions.
(a) State the term used for a ‘family’ of similar compounds.
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(b) State the general formula of alkenes.
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(c) The structure of but-2-ene is shown.
H
H
H
C
C
H
(i)
H
C
C
H
H
H
But-2-ene reacts with aqueous bromine in an addition reaction.
Describe the colour change seen when but-2-ene is added to aqueous bromine.
from ............................................................. to ............................................................ [1]
(ii)
State what is meant by the term addition reaction.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii)
Write the chemical equation for the reaction between but-2-ene and bromine.
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
(iv)
But-2-ene forms a polymer.
Suggest the name of the polymer formed from but-2-ene.
abul fazal
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(v)
Name and draw a structural isomer of but-2-ene.
Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
name ...................................................................................................................................
structure
[2]
© UCLES 2021
Organic Chemistry WS 2
0620/41/O/N/21
Abul Fazal
121
11
(d) Butanoic acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, is a carboxylic acid.
(i)
Deduce the empirical formula of butanoic acid.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
Complete the chemical equation for the reaction of butanoic acid and sodium carbonate,
Na2CO3.
2CH3CH2CH2COOH + Na2CO3 → .................................... + ............... + ............... [2]
(iii)
Butanoic acid reacts with methanol to form an organic compound and water.
●
Name the organic compound formed.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
●
Draw the structure of the organic compound formed.
Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
11
11
[2]
6 Ethanol, C2H5OH, belongs to the homologous11
series called alcohols.
6 Ethanol, C2H5OH, belongs to the homologous11
series called alcohols.
[Total: 15]
39
NOV
P42
Q06
6 2021
Ethanol,
Cthe
H
OH,
belongs
to
the
homologous
series called alcohols.
(a) Write
general
formula
of
alcohols.
2 5
6 Ethanol,
belongs
to the
homologous series called alcohols.
(a) WriteCthe
general
formula
of alcohols.
2H5OH,
(a) Write
the general formula of alcohols.
..............................................................................................................................................
[1]
(a) Write
the general formula of alcohols.
..............................................................................................................................................
[1]
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
..............................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) Explain
why ethanol cannot be described as a hydrocarbon.
(b) Explain why ethanol cannot be described as a hydrocarbon.
(b) Explain
why ethanol cannot be described as a hydrocarbon.
..............................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) Explain
why ethanol cannot be described as a hydrocarbon.
..............................................................................................................................................
[1]
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
..............................................................................................................................................
(c) Ethanol
can be manufactured from different substances by reaction with steam or [1]
by
(c) fermentation.
Ethanol can be manufactured from different substances by reaction with steam or by
(c) fermentation.
Ethanol can be manufactured from different substances by reaction with steam or by
(c) (i)
Ethanol
be manufactured
from which
different
substances
bytoreaction
with steam or by
fermentation.
Givecan
the formula
of the substance
reacts
with steam
form ethanol.
fermentation.
(i)
Give the formula of the substance which reacts with steam to form ethanol.
(i) Give
the formula of the substance which reacts with steam to form ethanol.
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(i) Give
the formula of the substance which reacts with steam to form ethanol.
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(ii) Name
a substance which will undergo fermentation to form ethanol.
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(ii)
Name
a
substance
which
will
undergo
fermentation
to
form
ethanol.
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort
been made
by the publisher which
(UCLES) will
to trace
copyright holders,
but if any items
clearance have unwittingly been included,[1]
the
(ii) hasName
a substance
undergo
fermentation
torequiring
form ethanol.
.......................................................................................................................................
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
(ii) Name
a substance which will undergo fermentation to form ethanol.
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
To avoid the issue .......................................................................................................................................
of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
[1]
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(d) Ethanol
is a fuel.
at www.cambridgeinternational.org
after the live examination series.
(d)
Ethanol
is
a
fuel.
Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of
(d) Local
Ethanol
aSyndicate
fuel. (UCLES),
Write
theischemical
equation
complete
combustion
of ethanol.
Cambridge
Examinations
whichfor
itselfthe
is a department
of the
University of Cambridge.
(d) Write
Ethanol
a fuel. equation for the complete combustion of ethanol.
theischemical
Write
the chemical equation for the complete
combustion of ethanol.
..............................................................................................................................................
[2]
© UCLES 2021
0620/41/O/N/21
Write
the chemical equation for the complete combustion of ethanol.
..............................................................................................................................................
[2]
.............................................................................................................................................. [2]
.............................................................................................................................................. [2]
abul fazal
Abul Fazal
Organic Chemistry WS 2
12
122
12
(e) Ethane-1,2-diol has two alcohol functional groups.
(e) Ethane-1,2-diol has two alcohol functional groups.
H H
H H
H O C C O H
H O C C O H
H H
H H
One molecule of ethane-1,2-diol will react with two molecules of ethanoic acid to form
molecule
X.
One molecule
of ethane-1,2-diol will react with two molecules of ethanoic acid to form
molecule X.
X has two ester functional groups and a molecular formula of C6H10O4.
X has two ester functional groups and a molecular formula of C6H10O4.
(i) State the empirical formula of X.
(i) State the empirical formula of X.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Draw the structure of X.
(ii) Draw the structure of X.
Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
[2]
[2]
(iii)
(iii)
Name the other substance formed in this reaction.
Name the other substance formed in this reaction.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(f) Each alcohol functional group in ethane-1,2-diol reacts with acidified potassium manganate(VII)
form
a different
organic
compound,
Y.
(f) to
Each
alcohol
functional
group
in ethane-1,2-diol
reacts with acidified potassium manganate(VII)
to form a different organic compound, Y.
(i) Name the functional groups formed in Y.
(i) Name the functional groups formed in Y.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Draw the structure of Y.
(ii) Draw the structure of Y.
Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
abul fazal
[1]
[1]
[Total: 12]
[Total: 12]
© UCLES 2021
0620/42/O/N/21
© UCLES 2021
0620/42/O/N/21
Organic Chemistry WS 2
Abul Fazal
12
123
12
7 (a) Ethanol is a member of the homologous series
of alcohols.
12
40
NOV P43
Q07 of the homologous series of alcohols.
7 2021
(a) Ethanol
is a member
Give twoischaracteristics
of members
of aseries
homologous
series.
7 (a) Ethanol
a member of the
homologous
of alcohols.
Give two characteristics of members of a homologous series.
1 .................................................................................................................................................
Give
two characteristics of members of a homologous series.
1 .................................................................................................................................................
2 .................................................................................................................................................
1
[2]
2 .................................................................................................................................................
2 .................................................................................................................................................
[2]
[2]
(b) Ethanol can be manufactured from ethene.
(b) Ethanol can be manufactured from ethene.
from longfrom
chain
hydrocarbons such as decane, C10H22.
(b) Ethene
Ethanol can
can be
be made
manufactured
ethene.
Ethene can be made from long chain hydrocarbons such as decane, C10H22.
Ethene is
then
can
be converted
made frominto
longethanol.
chain hydrocarbons such as decane, C10H22.
Ethene is then converted into ethanol.
(i)
Name
the process
used
obtain ethene from long chain hydrocarbons such as decane,
Ethene
is then
converted
intotoethanol.
H
.
C
(i) Name
10 22 the process used to obtain ethene from long chain hydrocarbons such as decane,
(i) Name
C10H22.the process used to obtain ethene from long chain hydrocarbons such as decane,
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
C
10H22.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Complete
the chemical equation to show the formation of ethene from decane, C10H22. [1]
.......................................................................................................................................
(ii) Complete the chemical equation to show the formation of ethene from decane, C10H22.
C4H8 + to...................
+ ...................
C10H22 →equation
(ii) Complete the chemical
show the formation
of ethene from decane, C10H22. [2]
[2]
C10H22 → C4H8 + ................... + ...................
(iii) Write the chemical
equation
the
conversion
of
ethene
into
ethanol.
→ C4Hfor
+
...................
+
...................
[2]
C10H22
8
(iii) Write the chemical equation for the conversion of ethene into ethanol.
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(iii) Write
the chemical equation for the conversion of ethene into ethanol.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iv) Name
the type of reaction occurring when ethene is converted into ethanol.
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(iv) Name the type of reaction occurring when ethene is converted into ethanol.
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(iv) Name
the type of reaction occurring when ethene is converted into ethanol.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(v) Give
one condition for the reaction in which ethene is converted into ethanol.
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(v) Give one condition for the reaction in which ethene is converted into ethanol.
.......................................................................................................................................
[1]
(v) Give
one condition for the reaction in which ethene is converted into ethanol.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c) Ethanol can also be produced by fermentation of carbohydrates such as glucose.
(c) Ethanol can also be produced by fermentation of carbohydrates such as glucose.
Give twocan
advantages
of manufacturing
ethanol
fermentationsuch
compared
to manufacturing
(c) Ethanol
also be produced
by fermentation
of by
carbohydrates
as glucose.
ethanol
from
ethene. of manufacturing ethanol by fermentation compared to manufacturing
Give two
advantages
Give two
advantages
ethanol
from
ethene. of manufacturing ethanol by fermentation compared to manufacturing
1 .................................................................................................................................................
ethanol
from ethene.
1 .................................................................................................................................................
2 .................................................................................................................................................
1
[2]
2 .................................................................................................................................................
2 .................................................................................................................................................
[2]
[2]
abul fazal
© UCLES 2021
0620/43/O/N/21
© UCLES 2021
0620/43/O/N/21
© UCLES 2021
0620/43/O/N/21
Abul Fazal
Organic Chemistry WS 2
124
abul fazal
Organic Chemistry WS 2
Abul Fazal
32
Abul Fazal
Cambridge O Level Chemistry 5070. Syllabus for examination in 2022.
56
Ba
barium
137
88
Ra
radium
–
55
Cs
caesium
133
87
Fr
francium
–
Zr
Hf
lanthanoids
Th
thorium
232
–
140
90
139
89
Ac
cerium
lanthanum
actinium
Ce
58
–
La
57
Rf
actinoids
rutherfordium
104
89–103
178
hafnium
72
91
zirconium
57–71
89
yttrium
48
40
titanium
Ti
22
Mn
231
protactinium
Pa
91
141
Tc
55
43
Nd
60
–
seaborgium
Sg
106
184
tungsten
W
74
96
238
uranium
U
144
92
–
neptunium
Np
–
93
promethium
Pm
61
–
bohrium
Bh
107
186
rhenium
Re
75
–
molybdenum technetium
Mo
52
42
manganese
Cr
chromium
25
24
praseodymium neodymium
Pr
59
–
dubnium
Db
105
181
tantalum
Ta
73
93
niobium
Nb
51
41
vanadium
V
23
relative atomic mass
–
plutonium
Pu
150
94
samarium
Sm
62
–
hassium
Hs
108
190
osmium
Os
76
101
ruthenium
Ru
56
44
iron
Fe
26
1
27
28
Co
29
30
Ni
Ds
110
195
platinum
Pt
78
106
palladium
Pd
59
46
nickel
Cu
Rg
111
197
gold
Au
79
108
silver
Ag
64
47
copper
Cn
112
201
mercury
Hg
80
112
cadmium
Cd
65
48
zinc
Zn
–
americium
Am
152
95
europium
Eu
63
–
–
curium
Cm
157
96
gadolinium
Gd
64
–
–
berkelium
Bk
159
97
terbium
Tb
65
–
–
californium
Cf
163
98
dysprosium
Dy
66
–
meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium
Mt
192
109
iridium
Ir
77
103
rhodium
Rh
59
45
cobalt
The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.)
actinoids
lanthanoids
88
85
Y
Sr
strontium
Rb
rubidium
45
39
40
38
39
37
Sc
scandium
Ca
calcium
K
24
20
23
19
potassium
21
Mg
magnesium
Na
sodium
9
12
7
11
B
name
atomic symbol
Be
beryllium
Li
lithium
7
8
9
VII
2
VIII
–
einsteinium
Es
165
99
holmium
Ho
67
204
thallium
Tl
115
81
indium
In
70
49
gallium
Ga
27
31
aluminium
Al
11
13
boron
C
–
fermium
Fm
167
100
erbium
Er
68
–
flerovium
Fl
114
207
lead
Pb
82
119
tin
Sn
73
50
germanium
Ge
28
32
silicon
Si
12
14
carbon
N
–
mendelevium
Md
169
101
thulium
Tm
69
209
bismuth
Bi
83
122
antimony
Sb
75
51
arsenic
As
31
33
phosphorus
P
14
15
nitrogen
O
–
nobelium
No
173
102
ytterbium
Yb
70
–
livermorium
Lv
116
–
polonium
Po
84
128
tellurium
Te
79
52
selenium
Se
32
34
sulfur
S
16
16
oxygen
F
–
lawrencium
Lr
175
103
lutetium
Lu
71
–
astatine
At
127
85
iodine
I
80
53
bromine
Br
35.5
35
chlorine
Cl
19
17
fluorine
–
radon
Rn
86
131
xenon
Xe
84
54
krypton
Kr
40
36
argon
Ar
20
18
neon
Ne
4
10
He
6
VI
helium
5
V
H
atomic number
IV
hydrogen
4
III
3
1
Group
II
I
Key
7.2 The Periodic Table of Elements
Appendix
125
Data Booklet