BACTERIOLOGY
General Objectives:
At the end of this lesson students should be able to:
1. Explain how bacteria grows and reproduce
2. Explain an active or vegetative stage
3. Explain inactive or spore forming stage
4. State and define bacterial Infections
BACTERIOLOGY
BACTERIAL GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION
Bacteria normally consist of an outer cell wall and
internal protoplasm. They manufacture their own
food from the surrounding environment, give off
waste products, and grow and reproduce. The life
cycle of bacteria is made up of two distinct
phases: the active or vegetative stage, and the
inactive or spore-forming stage.
BACTERIOLOGY
• STRUCTURE OF
BACTERIA
BACTERIOLOGY
ACTIVE OR VEGETATIVE STAGE
During the active stage, bacteria
grow and multiply best in
warm, dark, damp, or dirty
places where sufficient food is
available.
When conditions are favourable,
bacteria grow and reproduce.
When they reach their largest
size they divide into two new
cells. This is called mitosis.
BACTERIOLOGY
Inactive or spore-forming stage.
Certain bacteria such as anthrax
form spherical spores with tough
outer coverings during their
inactive stage. The purpose is to
be able to withstand periods of
famine, dryness, and unsuitable
temperatures. In this stage, spores
can be blown about and not be
harmed by disinfectants, heat or
cold
When favourable conditions are
restored, the spores change into
the active or vegetative form,
then grow and reproduce.
BACTERIOLOGY
Bacterial Infections
An infection occurs when body tissues are invaded by
disease-forming or pathogenic bacteria. There can be
no bacterial infection without the presence of
pathogenic bacteria. The presence of pus is a sign of
infection. Pus is a fluid product of inflammation and
contains white blood cells, and the debris of dead
cells, tissue elements, and bacteria
BACTERIOLOGY- PATHOGENIC INFECTIONS
BACTERIOLOGY
Staphylococci is among the most common human bacteria, and are
carried about a third of the population. It can be easily picked up on
doorknobs, counter tops and other surfaces, but is mostly picked up by
skin to skin contact such as hand shaking. While antibiotics once
controlled these infections, now they are more resistant to drugs.
There is now a greater need to use infection control methods in the
cosmetology industry.
BACTERIOLOGY
A Local Infection
A General Infection
Such as a pimple or
abscess, is one that is
confined to a particular
part of the body, and is
indicated by a legion
containing pus.
Results when the
bloodstream carries the
bacteria or virus, and
their toxins (poison), to
all parts of the body.
Syphilis is an example.
BACTERIOLOGY- LOCAL and GENERAL
INFECTION
BACTERIOLOGY- Contagious
When a disease spreads from one person to another by
contact, it is said to be contagious or communicable.
Some cantagious disease that will not allow a
cosmetologist to perform a service on a client are;
tubercolosis, the common cold, ringworm, scabies and
viral infections. Unclean hands and implements, open
sores, pus, mouth and nose discharge, shared drinking
cups and towels. Uncovered coughs, and sneezing,
even spitting in public will also spread germs.
END OF PRESENTATION- Review Questions
1. What does bacteria consists of?- (2
marks)
2. how does bacteria manufacture
their own food? (2 marks)
3. They are made up of two distinct
phases. State and define each
phase.(6 marks)
4. When does a bacterial infection
occurs?( 2 marks)
5. Which of the cocci bacteria is the
most common and is carried by a
third of the population?(1 mark)
6. Define a local infection.(2
marks)
7. Define a general infection. (2
marks)
8. What does it mean when a
disease is contagious? (2marks)
9. Give two examples of a local
infection
10. Give two examples of a
general infection.(2 marks)