Radar Training Notes
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7. Practicals in Lab/Equipment Rooms/ Simulators: Practical demonstration – ECTS
8. Existing Knowledge of the Class:
The trainees possess knowledge of – Basics of Electromagnetic Theory.
PART – B
DEVELOPMENT OF LESSON
9. Checking of Previous Knowledge/Introduction:
Before starting to impart instructions to the class, take a general introduction of the class to
know the educational background of the trainees. This activity is very important to
ascertain how many trainees have had the opportunity to study the subject of Radar before
attending this course. This would help in establishing the standards to which instructions
have to be imparted. Thereafter, the trainees could be asked following basic questions:
(a) What is the full form of Radar? Radio Detection and Ranging.
(b) How can you find out range using Radar? Range = C/2 × time. C = Speed of light and t =
time
(c) What is the speed at which electromagnetic wave travels? Speed of light, C = 3 × 10⁸ m/s.
(d) Name and type of various radars they have seen on board ships during their ship
attachments:
- Radar Bridge Master – All ships
- Radar RAWS – 'H', 'B' class; 'G' class, Virat
- Radar RAWL – 'B' class, 'G' class; 'R' class, Virat, Delhi class
- Frigate – Delhi class, Talwar class, Shivalik class
10. Development of Main Lesson:
(a) Introduction to Pulse Radar
Principle of Radar
- A transmitter generates an EM signal of a particular type of waveform such as a short
rectangular pulse that is radiated into space by the antenna.
- A portion of transmitted energy is intercepted by the target and re-radiated in all
directions.
- The re-radiated energy directed back towards the radar is collected by the antenna which
delivers it to a receiver.
- The energy is then processed to detect the presence of the target and determine its
location.
Pulse Transmission
- Pulse Width (PW): Length or duration of a given pulse
- Pulse Repetition Time (PRT = 1/PRF): PRT is time from beginning of one pulse to ...
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AUTOMATIC DETECTION AND TRACKING
This performs tracking as part of an air surveillance radar. It is found in almost all modern
civil air traffic control radars as well as military radars. The rate at which the observations
are made depends on the time for the antenna to make one rotation. This type of radar has a
low data rate than that of STI, but its advantage is that it can simultaneously track a large
number of targets.
PHASED ARRAY RADAR TRACKING
Here a large number of targets can be held in track with a high data rate by electronically
steered beam produced by phased array radars. Multiple targets are tracked on time shared
basis under computer control. The beam of an electronically scanned array can be rapidly
switched from one angular direction to another.
TRACK WHILE SCAN RADAR
This radar rapidly scans a limited angular sector to maintain tracks with a moderate data
rate of more than one target within the coverage of the antenna. It has been used in the past
for the air defense radars, aircraft landing radars and in some air borne intercept radar.
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