This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. Irish Standard I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 Technical product documentation - Simplified representation of pipelines - Part 1: General rules and orthogonal representation (ISO 6412-1:2017) © CEN 2018 No copying without NSAI permission except as permitted by copyright law. I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 Incorporating amendments/corrigenda/National Annexes issued since publication: The National Standards Authority of Ireland (NSAI) produces the following categories of formal documents: I.S. xxx: Irish Standard — national specification based on the consensus of an expert panel and subject to public consultation. This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. S.R. xxx: Standard Recommendation — recommendation based on the consensus of an expert panel and subject to public consultation. SWiFT xxx: A rapidly developed recommendatory document based on the consensus of the participants of an NSAI workshop. This document replaces/revises/consolidates the NSAI adoption of the document(s) indicated on the CEN/CENELEC cover/Foreword and the following National document(s): NOTE: The date of any NSAI previous adoption may not match the date of its original CEN/CENELEC document. This document is based on: EN ISO 6412-1:2018 Published: 2018-02-07 This document was published under the authority of the NSAI and comes into effect on: ICS number: 01.100.99 23.040.01 2018-02-25 NOTE: If blank see CEN/CENELEC cover page NSAI 1 Swift Square, Northwood, Santry Dublin 9 T +353 1 807 3800 F +353 1 807 3838 E standards@nsai.ie W NSAI.ie Sales: T +353 1 857 6730 F +353 1 857 6729 W standards.ie Údarás um Chaighdeáin Náisiúnta na hÉireann National Foreword I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 is the adopted Irish version of the European Document EN ISO 6412-1:2018, Technical product documentation - Simplified representation of pipelines - Part 1: General rules and orthogonal representation (ISO 6412-1:2017) This document does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. For relationships with other publications refer to the NSAI web store. This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. Compliance with this document does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. In line with international standards practice the decimal point is shown as a comma (,) throughout this document. This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. This page is intentionally left blank I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 EN ISO 6412-1 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM February 2018 ICS 01.100.99; 23.040.01 Supersedes EN ISO 6412-1:1994 English Version This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. Technical product documentation - Simplified representation of pipelines - Part 1: General rules and orthogonal representation (ISO 6412-1:2017) Documentation technique de produits - Représentation simplifiée des tuyaux et lignes de tuyauteries - Partie 1: Règles générales et représentation orthogonale (ISO 6412-1:2017) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 October 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels © 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 E I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 EN ISO 6412-1:2018 (E) Contents Page This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. European foreword....................................................................................................................................................... 3 2 I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 EN ISO 6412-1:2018 (E) European foreword This document (EN ISO 6412-1:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 10 “Process plant documentation”. This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2018. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 6412-1:1994. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 6412-1:2017 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 6412-1:2018 without any modification. 3 This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. This page is intentionally left blank I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6412-1 Second edition 2017-12 Technical product documentation — Simplified representation of pipelines — Part 1: General rules and orthogonal representation Documentation technique de produits — Représentation simplifiée des tuyaux et lignes de tuyauteries — Partie 1: Règles générales et représentation orthogonale Reference number ISO 6412-1:2017(E) © ISO 2017 I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. ISO 6412-1:2017(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT © ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyright@iso.org www.iso.org ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 ISO 6412-1:2017(E) Contents Page Foreword......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... iv Introduction...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v 1 2 3 This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. 4 5 6 7 Scope.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Normative references....................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Terms and definitions...................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 General principles................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 4.1 Overview....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 4.2 Representation of pipes................................................................................................................................................................... 2 4.3 Scale................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 4.4 Lines.................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2 4.4.1 Line thickness...................................................................................................................................................................... 2 4.4.2 Types of line.......................................................................................................................................................................... 3 4.4.3 Spacing of lines................................................................................................................................................................... 3 4.5 Lettering........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 3 4.6 Dimensioning............................................................................................................................................................................................ 4 4.7 Tolerances.................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Crossings and connections.......................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Representation of equipment.................................................................................................................................................................. 6 6.1 General............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6 6.2 Fittings............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6 6.3 Supports and hangers........................................................................................................................................................................ 7 6.4 Additional provisions......................................................................................................................................................................... 8 6.5 Adjoining apparatus............................................................................................................................................................................ 8 6.6 Direction of flow..................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 6.7 Flanges............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 8 Examples........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 9 Bibliography.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 11 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved iii I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 ISO 6412-1:2017(E) Foreword This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 10, Technical drawings, Subcommittee SC 10, Process plant documentation. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 6412-1:1989), which has been technically revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows: — the normative references were updated; — the document went under editorial revision. A list of all parts in the ISO 6412 series can be found on the ISO website. iv © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 ISO 6412-1:2017(E) Introduction Depending on the information it is intended to convey and the form of representation required, a distinction is made between graphical representation by means of orthogonal and that by means of isometric representation. This document deals with general rules used for both representations (orthogonal and isometric). Rules applicable only to isometric representation are given in ISO 6412-2. This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. For the purposes of this document, all dimensions and tolerances on the drawings have been stencilled in upright lettering. It should be understood that these indications could just as well be written in freehand or inclined (italic) lettering without altering the meaning of the indications. For the presentation of lettering (proportions and dimensions), see 4.4. © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved v This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6412-1:2017(E) Technical product documentation — Simplified representation of pipelines — Part 1: General rules and orthogonal representation This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. 1 Scope This document specifies rules and conventions for the execution of simplified drawings for the representation of all kinds of pipes and pipelines made of all sorts of materials (rigid and flexible). It is used whenever it is necessary to represent pipes or pipelines in a simplified manner. For the purposes of this document, the figures illustrate the text only and should not be considered as design examples. NOTE This document can also be used for the representation of similar installations, such as ventilation or air-conditioning systems; in such cases, the term "duct", etc. is substituted for the term "pipe". 2 Normative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 128 (all parts), Technical drawings — General principles of presentation ISO 129-1, Technical product documentation (TPD) — Presentation of dimensions and tolerances — Part 1: General principles ISO 1219-1, Fluid power systems and components — Graphical symbols and circuit diagrams — Part 1: Graphical symbols for conventional use and data-processing applications ISO 3098-2, Technical drawings — Lettering — Part 2: Latin alphabet, numerals and marks ISO 3545-1, Steel tubes and fittings — Symbols for use in specifications — Part 1: Tubes and tubular accessories with circular cross-section ISO 5261, Technical drawings — Simplified representation of bars and profile sections ISO 5455, Technical drawings — Scales ISO 6412-2, Technical product documentation — Simplified representation of pipelines — Part 2: Isometric projection ISO 6428, Technical drawings — Requirements for microcopying ISO 7573, Technical product documentation — Parts lists ISO 14617-2, Graphical symbols for diagrams — Part 2: Symbols having general application ISO 14617-3, Graphical symbols for diagrams — Part 3: Connections and related devices ISO 81714-1, Design of graphical symbols for use in the technical documentation of products — Part 1: Basic rules © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved 1 I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 ISO 6412-1:2017(E) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: — IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/ — ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. 3.1 orthogonal representation projection method in which the projectors are at right angles to the projection plane 3.2 isometric representation projection method in which each of the three coordinate axes is inclined at the same angle to the projection plane 3.3 flow line representation of the flow path of the inlet or outlet streams or of material, energy or energy carriers 4 General principles 4.1 Overview In this clause, all general principles are specified which are common to the methods of projection and to the pictorial representations, as recommended in this document. 4.2 Representation of pipes The flow line representing a pipe (irrespective of its diameter), shall be a single continuous thick line (type A, see Table 1), coinciding with the central line of the pipe. Bends may be simplified by extending the straight length of the flow line to the vertex (see Figure 1). However, bends may be shown for the sake of clarity in the form illustrated in Figure 2. In this case, if projections of bends would otherwise have been elliptical, these projections may be simplified by drawing circular arcs (see Figure 3). 4.3 Scale If the drawing is to scale, this shall be indicated in accordance with ISO 5455. 4.4 Lines 4.4.1 Line thickness In general, only one thickness of line shall be used. However, in cases where more than one line thickness needs to be used, the line thicknesses shall be chosen from ISO 128-20; the relative proportions of line thicknesses a:b:c shall be 2 : 2 : 1 . Different line thicknesses shall then be used as follows (see also 4.4.2): — line thickness a: main flow lines; — line thickness b: secondary flow lines, lettering; — line thickness c: leader lines, dimension lines, etc. 2 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 ISO 6412-1:2017(E) 4.4.2 Types of line The types and thicknesses of line shown in Table 1 shall be used. Table 1 This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. Number of the basic type in accordance with ISO 128-20 01 04 09 a A b Continuous wide line 01.1 B a Continuous narrow line 01.1 C a Continuous narrow freehand line 02.2 E b Dashed wide line 02.1 F a Dashed narrow line 04.1 G a Long dashed dotted narrow line 04.3 09.1 D EJ K Four times the thickness of line type G. 4.4.3 Description 01.2 01.1 02 Line type in accordance with ISO 128-20 a c a Continuous narrow line with zigzags Long dashed dotted extra-wide linea Long dashed double-short dashed narrow line Application A1 B1 B2 B3 B4 C1/D1 E1 F1 F2 F3 F4 G1 EJ1 K1 K2 Flow lines and connected parts Hatching Dimensioning Leader lines Isometric grid lines Limits of partial or interrupted views and sections Flow lines specified on other drawing Floor Walls Ceilings Holes (hole punchings) Centrelines Contract boundary Outlines of adjacent parts Parts situated in front of the cutting plane Spacing of lines In accordance with ISO 6428, the space between parallel lines (including hatching) shall not be less than twice the thickness of the heaviest of these lines, with a minimum spacing of 0,7 mm. The minimum spacing between adjacent flow lines and between flow lines and other lines should be 10 mm. 4.5 Lettering Lettering shall be in accordance with ISO 3098-2; lettering type B vertical is preferred. The line thickness of the lettering shall be the same as the line thickness of those tpd-symbols to which the lettering is close or associated in accordance with ISO 81714-1. © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved 3 I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 ISO 6412-1:2017(E) 4.6 Dimensioning 4.6.1 In general, dimensioning shall be in accordance with ISO 129-1. Nominal dimensions may be indicated in accordance with ISO 3545-1 using the short designation “DN” (see Figure 1). This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. The outer diameter (d) and the wall thickness (t) of pipes may be indicated in accordance with ISO 5261 (see Figure 2). If necessary, a parts list (see ISO 7573) giving additional information on the pipes, including the associated equipment, may be added to the drawing. Lengths shall start from the outer faces of the pipe ends, flanges, or centre of the joint, whenever appropriate. Figure 1 Figure 2 4.6.2 Pipes with bends should be generally dimensioned from central line to central line of the pipelines (see Figures 1 and 2). If it is necessary to specify the dimension from the outside or inside external protection or surface of the pipe, the dimension may be specified by arrows pointing to short thin strokes parallel to the projection line (see Figure 3). The dimensions from outer to outer, from inner to inner and from inner to outer vertex are shown in Figure 3 a), Figure 3 b) and Figure 3 c), respectively. Figure 3 4.6.3 Radii and angles of bends may be indicated as shown in Figure 4. The functional angle shall be indicated; in general, angles of 90° are not indicated. Figure 4 4 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 ISO 6412-1:2017(E) 4.6.4 Levels refer generally to the centre of the pipe and should be indicated in accordance with ISO 129-1 (see Figure 5). If, in special cases, it is necessary to specify the level to the bottom of a pipe this shall be indicated by the reference arrow pointing to short thin strokes, as specified in 4.4.2 [see Figure 3 and Figure 8 a)]. This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. A similar rule shall be applied to indicate levels to the top of the pipe [see Figure 8 c)]. Figure 5 4.6.5 The direction of slope shall be indicated by a right-angled triangle above the flow line, pointing from the higher down to the lower level. The amount of slope shall be indicated in accordance with the methods shown in Figures 6 to 8. It can be useful to specify the level of the sloping pipe, either at its higher or at its lower end, or at any convenient point, by referring to a datum level (see Figure 8). Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 4.6.6 The positions of the ends of the pipe shall be specified by indicating the coordinates referring to the centres of the end faces. 4.7 Tolerances Tolerances shall be indicated in accordance with ISO 129-1. 5 Crossings and connections 5.1 Crossings without connections shall normally be depicted without interrupting the flow line representing the hidden pipe (see Figure 9; see also ISO 14617-3); if, however, it is absolutely necessary to indicate that one pipe is required to pass behind the other, the flow line representing the hidden pipe © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved 5 I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 ISO 6412-1:2017(E) shall be interrupted (see Figure 10). The width of each interruption shall not be less than five times the thickness of the continuous line (see Figure 11). This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 5.2 Permanent junctions (whether made by welding or other processes) shall be marked by a prominent dot (see Figure 12). The diameter of the dot shall be five times the thickness of the line. Figure 12 5.3 Detachable connections shall be represented in accordance with ISO 14617-3. 6 Representation of equipment 6.1 General All items of equipment, machinery, valves, etc. shall be represented by means of graphical symbols with the same line thickness as the flow line. The graphical symbols used shall be in accordance with ISO 1219-1, ISO 3545-1, ISO 5261, ISO 6412-2, ISO 14617-3, ISO 81714-1, and the other International Standards given in Clause 2. 6.2 Fittings 6.2.1 Fittings such as nozzles, tee-pieces and bends, shall be drawn with the same line thickness as the flow line. 6.2.2 Transition pieces for changing the cross-section shall be represented in accordance with Figures 13 to 15. The relevant nominal sizes shall be indicated above the symbols. 6 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 ISO 6412-1:2017(E) Concentric single Figure 13 Concentric multiple Figure 14 Eccentric single Figure 15 This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. 6.3 Supports and hangers Supports and hangers shall be represented by their appropriate symbols in accordance with Figures 16 to 19. The representation of repeated accessories may be simplified as shown in Figure 20. NOTE Figures 16 to 19 refer to hangers only. It is important to understand that in the case of supports, the same symbols are used, but in the reverse position. General Figure 16 Fixed Figure 17 Guided Figure 18 Sliding Figure 19 Figure 20 If necessary, an alphanumerical code giving more information about the type of supports and hangers, with their numbering, may be added to the symbols shown in Figures 16 to 19. The code giving the numbering shall be given on the drawing or in associated documents (see Figure 21). © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved 7 I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. ISO 6412-1:2017(E) Key FP1 fixing point no. 1 SS9 sliding support no. 9 GH4 guiding hanger no. 4 Figure 21 6.4 Additional provisions Additional provisions such as insulation, coating, stream tracer lines, etc. may be specified in writing. 6.5 Adjoining apparatus If needed, adjoining apparatus, such as tanks, machinery, not belonging to the piping itself, may be represented by their outlines using long dashed double–short dashed narrow lines (type K; see Table 1 and ISO 128-20) as shown in Figure 22. Figure 22 6.6 Direction of flow The direction of flow shall be indicated by an arrowhead (see ISO 14617-2) on the flow line or near a graphical symbol representing a valve (see Figures 23 and 24). Figure 23 Figure 24 6.7 Flanges Flanges shall be represented, irrespective of their type and sizes — by two concentric circles for the front view, — by one circle for the rear view, 8 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 ISO 6412-1:2017(E) — by a stroke for the side view, using lines of the same thickness as used for the representation of the pipes (see Figures 22 and 25). A simplified representation of the flange holes may be shown by the appropriate number of crosses at their centrelines. 7 Examples This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. An example of orthogonal projection is given in Figure 25. © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved 9 I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. ISO 6412-1:2017(E) Reference number 1 9 Coordinates of the end points x1 = –8 y1 = +72 x 9 = –20 y9 = 0 z1 = +50 z9 = +40 NOTE Points at which the pipe changes direction and connections are indicated by reference numbers. The pipe and the reference numbers are identical to those in the isometric representation illustrated in ISO 6412-2:2017, Figure 23. Reference numbers for points hidden behind other points are shown in brackets. Figure 25 10 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 ISO 6412-1:2017(E) Bibliography [1] ISO 841:2001, Industrial automation systems and integration — Numerical control of machines — Coordinate system and motion nomenclature [3] ISO 1503:2008, Spatial orientation and direction of movement — Ergonomic requirements ISO 1101:2017, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Geometrical tolerancing — Tolerances of form, orientation, location and run-out This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. [2] © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved 11 I.S. EN ISO 6412-1:2018 This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. ISO 6412-1:2017(E) ICS 01.100.99; 23.040.01 Price based on 11 pages © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. This page is intentionally left blank National Standards Authority of Ireland This is a free 28 page sample. Access the full version online. NSAI is the state standardization body set up under the National Standards Authority of Ireland Act 1996 to publish Irish Standards. Revisions Irish Standards are updated by amendment or revisions from time to time. Users of Irish Standards should make sure that they possess the latest versions. NSAI’s Tailored updating service is designed to meet your precise needs and is therefore the most efficient and cost-effective way of keeping ahead. For more details on the tailored updating service see: Standards.ie Tel.: +353 1 857 6730/1 Buying standards NSAI and International publications can be accessed: ⎯ at standards.ie ⎯ by tel: +353 1 857 6730/1 or ⎯ email: info@standards.ie. 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