Directorate: Curriculum FET
BUSINESS STUDIES
REVISION BOOKLET
2024 TERM 1
Grade 12
This revision program is designed to assist you in revising the critical
content and skills covered during the 1st term. The purpose is to prepare
you to understand the key concepts and to provide you with an
opportunity to establish the required standard and the application of the
knowledge necessary to succeed in the Final NSC examination.
The revision program covers the following topics:
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
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Impact of recent legislation
Development of strategies
Human Resource Function
Professionalism & Ethics
Creative thinking & Problem solving
2
INDEX PAGE
Contents
Page number
2
1
Business Studies Main Topics & Topics
2
Pre-Test
3-6
3
Recent Legislation
7 - 13
4
Developing Strategies
14 - 19
5
Human Resources Function
20 - 27
6
Professionalism & Ethics
28 - 31
7
Creative Thinking
32 - 35
BUSINESS STUDIES – GRADE 12: MAIN TOPICS & TOPICS
Business
Business
Business
Business
Environment
Ventures
Roles
Operation
Impact of recent
1 legislation on business
Management
and leadership
Professionalism
and Ethics
Human Resources
function
Devise strategies
Investment: Securities
Creative thinking
Quality of
performance
Business sectors and
3 there
environments
Investment: Insurance
Concept of corporate
social responsibility.
Forms of ownership
and their impact on the
business
operation
Presentation of information
and data response
Team performance
Assessment and
conflict
Management
Human Rights,
Inclusivity and
Environmental issues
2
4
5
3
Gr 12 Business Studies
Learner:
2024 Term 1 – Tutoring
School:
Pre-Test
Fill in the missing word
1. Role/functions of SETAs
1.1
Promote and establishes …
1.2
Collect … and pays out grants as required.
1.3
Provide … for skills development facilitators.
1.4
Register … agreements programmes.
1.5
Approve … (3) and annual training reports
2. Purpose of the LRA.
2.1
Answers
Answers
Provides a … for labour relations between employers and
employees.
2.2
Promotes … (2) at the workplace.
2.3
Promotes workplace forums to accommodate employees in … (2)
2.4
Establishes … (2) and Labour Appeal Courts.
2.5
Promotes simple procedures for the registration of … (2) and
employer organisations.
3.1
3. Ways in which businesses can comply with the EEA
.
Businesses must guard against … appointments.
3.2
Promote … opportunities and fair treatment
3.3
Reasonable accommodation of people from … (2)
3.4
Ensure that there is equal representation of all racial groups in every
… (3).
3.5
Submit the … (3) to the Department of Labour
Answers
4
4. Identify the appropriate PESTLE factor for each of the
Answers
statements below
4.1
.
Some government policies may affect businesses
4.2
Businesses may not be conversant with the local language of their
customers
4.3
Consider certain Acts that may have a direct impact on a business
4.4
Fluctuations in foreign currency may restrict import.
4.5
Measures to dispose of business waste may be expensive.
Answers
5. The strategic management processes.
5.1
Have a clear vision, a mission statement and … (2) objectives in place.
5.2
Identify opportunities/weaknesses/strengths/threats by conducting … (3)
5.3
Tools available for environmental scanning may include … (3).
5.4
Formulate … (2) to respond to the challenges.
5.5
Continuously evaluate/monitor/measure strategies in order to take … (2)
6. Sources of internal recruitment
7. Sources of external recruitment
Answers
Answers
6.1
7.1
6.2
7.2
6.3
7.3
6.4
7.4
6.5
7.5
5
8. Role of the interviewer BEFORE the interview.
8.1
Answers
The interviewer should develop a core set of … based on the
skills/knowledge/ ability required.
8.2
Book and prepare the … for the interview
8.3
Inform all … (2) about the date and place of the interview.
8.4
Plan the programme for the interview and determine the … that
should be allocated to each candidate.
8.5
Notify all … (2) s conducting the interview about the date and place
of the interview.
9. Aspects to be included in an induction programme
9.1
Introduction to … (2) and immediate colleagues.
9.2
Safety regulations and …
9.3
Overview of the …
9.4
Tour of the …
9.5
Discussion of the employment contract and … (2)
10.1
10. Identify the King Code principle applicable to each of
the statements below
.
Decisions/Actions must be clear to all stakeholders
10.2
Company should appoint internal and external auditors to audit
financial statements
10.3
The business/ board should develop and implement programmes that
should be aimed at protecting the communities in which they operate.
10.4
Employees/Shareholders/Directors should be aware of the
employment policies of the business
10.5
Businesses should present accurate annual reports to shareholders
at the Annual General Meeting (AGM).
Answers
Answers
6
1
11. Arrange the following problem-solving steps in the
correct order
.
Develop an action plan.
2
Monitor the implementation of the solution/action plan.
3
Identify the problem.
4
Select the most appropriate alternative.
5
Identify possible solutions to the problem
6
Evaluate the implemented solution
7
Define the problem.
8
Implement the suggested solution/action plan.
12. Recommend ways businesses can create an environment
that promotes creative thinking in the workplace.
12.1 Emphasise the importance of … (2) to ensure that all staff know
that management want to hear their ideas.
12.2 Encourage staff to come up with new …
12.3 Train staff in innovative … (2) techniques
12.4 Encourage … ways of working/doing things.
12.5 Respond … to all ideas and never let anyone feel less important.
Question Marks
Max Marks
1
5
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5
3
5
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5
5
6
5
7
5
8
5
9
5
10
5
11
5
12
5
60
Answers
(Correct number only]
Answers
7
RECENT LEGISLATION
Explain / Outline the purpose of the Act
Evaluate / Discuss / Explain the impact on businesses
SDA; LRA; EEA;

Advantages
BCEA; COIDA;

Disadvantages
BBBEE; NCA;
Analyse the effectiveness (Advantages / Disadvantages) on businesses
CPA
Suggest / Recommend ways in which business can comply with the Act
Discuss the consequences / penalties for non-compliance
Outline / Explain the action regarded as discriminatory
Outline / Explain Discuss the Role/Functions of SETAs
Explain how SETAs are funded
SDA
Explain how SETAs are funded
Explain the National Skills Development Strategy
Explain the Human Resource Development Strategy [SETAs]
LRA
The rights of employees and employees in terms of the LRA
BCEA
Provisions of the BCEA
Distinguish / Differentiate between Black Empowerment & BBBEE Act
Discuss/Analyse the implications (positives and negatives) of the REVISED FIVE
BBBEE
pillars on businesses
Recommend / Suggest ways in which businesses could apply the revised FIVE pillars
of BBEEE in the work place
NCA
The rights of the consumers in terms of the NCA
CPA
The rights of the consumers in terms of the CPA
8
CONCEPTS
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Ownership
Bargaining Councils
PDIs
Management Control
Collective Agreement
levy
CCMA
Collective Bargaining
Pillars
SETAs
Non-compliance
Penalties
Discriminatory Acts
Compliance
Overtime
Leave
Hours of work
National Consumer Tribunal
National Credit Regulator
Consumer Protection Act
National Credit Act
BBBEE
Labour Relations Act
COIDA
Skills Development Act
BCEA
9
TUTORING CONTENT
2021 Examination Guidelines: Outline / Explain Discuss the Role/Functions of SETAs
1
2
3
4
5
2021 Examination Guidelines: Explain the provisions of the BCEA
Provisions of BCEA
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Explanations of the provisions
10
2021 Examination Guidelines: Explain / Outline the purpose of the LRA.
1
2
3
4
5
2021 Examination Guidelines: The rights of the consumers in terms of the CPA
Consumer rights of the Consumer Protection Act
Right to choose

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
Right to privacy and
confidentiality

Consumers have the right to:
choose suppliers and/or goods.
shop around for the best prices.
reject goods that are unsafe/defective for a full refund.


Consumers have the right to stop/restrict unwanted direct
marketing.
They can object to unwanted promotional e-mails/tele sales.
They have the right to stop/lodge complaints about the sharing of
their personal details.
Right to fair and
honest dealings


Suppliers may not use physical force or harass customers.
Suppliers may not give misleading/false information.
Right to information
about products and
agreements/Right to
disclosure and
information

Contracts and agreements should be in plain language and easy to
understand.
Businesses should display prices which are fully inclusive
disclosing all costs.
for the same product are displayed, consumers should pay the
lower price.
Right to
fair/responsible
marketing/promotion

Right to
accountability from
suppliers


Right to
fair/just/reasonable
terms and
conditions





Businesses should not mislead consumers on pricing,
benefits/uses of goods.
Consumers may cancel purchases made through direct marketing
within five working days/cooling off-period.
Consumers have the right to be protected in lay-bye agreements.
Businesses should honour credit vouchers and prepaid services.
Businesses should provide consumers with written notices of
clauses that may limit consumer rights.
Businesses may not market/sell goods at unfair prices.
11
Right to equality in
the consumer
marketplace


Businesses should not limit access to goods and services.
Quality of goods may not vary when supplied to different
consumers.
Right to return
goods/have goods
replaced/claim a
refund


Goods that are unsafe/ defective may be replaced by the supplier.
Faulty items may be returned for a full refund.
Right to complain

Consumers may use various methods/channels to complain about
poor quality goods/services.
They can complain via customer care desks/consumer
hotlines/ombudsman etc.
Consumers may demand quality services/goods.
They may receive an implied/written warranty.
Cancel /renew fixed term agreements.




Right to fair
value/good
quality/safety
2021 Examination Guidelines: Recommend / Suggest ways in which businesses could apply the
revised FIVE pillars of BBEEE in the workplace
PILLARS
MOTIVATION
12
2021 Examination Guidelines: Suggest / Recommend ways in which business can comply with the
EEA
Purpose of the EEA
 This Act states that employees who do the same work (work of equal value) must be paid equally
(equal pay).
 No discrimination on grounds of gender in the workplace.
 Promotes equal opportunity and fair treatment in the workplace.
 Provides for employees to refer unresolved disputes to the CCMA.
 Protects employees from victimization if they exercise the rights given to them by the EEA
Ways in which businesses can comply with the EEA






Businesses must guard against discriminatory appointments.
Promote equal opportunities and fair treatment
Reasonable appointment of people from designated groups
Ensure that there is equal representation of all racial groups in every level of employment.
Submit the employment equity plan to the Department of Labour
Retain designated groups, including skills development of such groups.
2021 Examination Guidelines: Outline / Explain the action regarded as discriminatory regarding
COIDA
2021 Examination Guidelines: Discuss the consequences / penalties for non-compliance of
COIDA
13
6.2.1
6.2.2


6.2.3


DEVELOPING STRATEGIES
STRATEGIES
INDUSTRIAL ANALYSIS TOOLS
Outline/Describe/Explain/Discuss the strategic
Compile a SWOT analysis of a particular business
management process.
from a given scenario.
Apply the strategic management process to solve
Name and identify Porter's Five forces model from
business-related problems.
given statements/scenarios.
Describe/explain/discuss the different types of
Explain/Advise businesses on how they could
business strategies.
apply Porter's Five Forces model to analyse their
position in the market.
Recommend/Suggest business strategies to deal
Name and apply PESTLE analysis factors from
with challenges identified from given case
given scenarios/statements.
studies/scenarios.
Outline/Explain/Recommend/Advise businesses on
Explain how PESTLE factors pose challenges to
the steps in strategy evaluation.
businesses.
Describe/explain/discuss the different types of
Recommend ways in which businesses can deal
business strategies.
with the challenges that are posed by PESTLE
factors.
Recommend/Suggest business strategies to deal
with challenges identified from given case
studies/scenarios.
Discuss/Elaborate advantages of intensive and
diversification strategies
14
CONCEPTS
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Strategy Evaluation
Liquidation
Retrenchment
Defensive
Forward Vertical
Horizontal integration
Integration
Backward Vertical
Conglomerate
Horizontal
Concentric
Diversification
Product development
Market development
Market penetration
Intensive
SWOT
Porter's Five Forces
New entrants
PESTLE
Substitute products
Competitors
Buyers
Suppliers
Corrective action
Implement strategy
Formulate strategy
Mission statement
Plan of Action
Vision statement
Strategy
Challenge
S
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15
TUTORING CONTENT
2021 Examination Guidelines: Describe/explain/discuss the different types of business strategies.
1
Diversification

Practical Example


2
Integration

Practical Example


3
Defensive

Practical Example


4
Intensive

Practical Example


2021 Examination Guidelines: Explain how PESTLE factors pose challenges to businesses.
FACTOR
Political
Economic
Social
CHALLENGE
 Some government policies may affect businesses
 Consumer rights organisations may prevent businesses from selling products if
they do not meet certain requirements.
 Inflation/Interest rates may negatively impact on business.
 Loans may be expensive due to high interest rates.
 Fluctuations in foreign currency may restrict import.
 Customers may not be able to afford products due to low-income levels.
 Businesses may not be conversant with the local language of their customers.
16
Technological
Legal
Environmental






May not keep up with/be aware of the latest technology.
Employees may not be skilled to operate/maintain modern technology/ equipment.
Consider certain Acts that may have a direct impact on a business, e.g., the
CPA/BCEA.
Legal requirements for operating certain types of businesses time-consuming.
Chemicals/Ingredients in business’ products may be harmful to customers.
Measures to dispose of business waste may be expensive.
2021 Examination Guidelines: Outline/Describe/Explain/Discuss the strategic management process.
The strategic management processes
 Have a clear vision, a mission statement, and measurable/realistic objectives in place.
 Identify opportunities/weaknesses/strengths/threats by conducting environ-mental
scanning/situational analysis.
 Tools available for environmental scanning may include a SWOT analysis/Porter's Five Forces
model/PESTLE analysis/industrial analysis tools.
 Formulate alternative strategies to respond to the challenges. (This involves different types of
business strategies)
 Develop (an) action plan(s), including the tasks to be done/deadlines to be met/resources to be
procured, etc.
 Implement selected strategies by communicating it to all stakeholders/Organising the business's
resources/motivating staff.
 Continuously evaluate/monitor/measure strategies in order to take corrective action. (This
involves steps in evaluating a strategy)
2021 Examination Guidelines: Explain/Advise businesses on how they could apply Porter's Five Forces
model to analyse their position in the market.
Five Forces
1
Power of
suppliers
2
Power of
buyers
3
Power of
competitors/
Explanation
 A business must assess the power of suppliers to influence prices.
 The more powerful the suppliers, the less control the business has over
them.
 The smaller the number of suppliers, the more powerful they may be as
the choice of suppliers may be limited.
 Buyers buying in bulk can bargain for prices in their favour.
 If a business is dealing with a few powerful buyers, they are often able to
dictate their terms to the business.
 If buyers can do without the business’s products, then they have more
power to determine the prices and terms of sale
 Competitive rivalry refers to the number of competitors and their ability to
influence/control the market.
 If competitors have a unique product/service, then they will have greater
power.
17
Competitive
rivalry
4
Threat of
substitution/
substitutes
5
Threat/
Barriers
of new
entrants
to the market
 A business with many competitors in the same market has very little power
in their market.
 Substitute products or services are different products/services that satisfy
the same needs of consumers and can be used to replace one another.
 If the business’s product can be easily substituted, it weakens the power of
the business in the market.
 Substitute products may cause the business to completely lose its market
share.
 New entrants are other businesses that are selling the same/similar
products in the existing market for the first time.
 The power will depend on how easy it is for new businesses to enter the
market.
 New competitors can quickly/easily enter the market, if it takes little time/
money to enter the market.
2021 Examination Guidelines: Outline/Explain/Recommend/Advise businesses on the steps in
strategy evaluation:
1
2
3
4
5
6
18
HUMAN RESOURCE FUNCTION
RECRUITMENT
Explain/Elaborate on the meaning of recruitment.
SELECTION
Outline/Discuss/Explain the selection procedure.
Outline/Discuss/Explain the recruitment
procedure.
Explain the meaning of job analysis.
Explain the meaning of screening as part of the
selection procedure.
Discuss/Explain the purpose of an interview.
Differentiate/Distinguish between job description
and job specification as components of a job
analysis.
Identify job description and job specification from
given statements/scenarios.
Identify methods of recruitment (internal/external
recruitment) from given scenarios/statements.
Explain/Discuss/Analyse the impact
(positives/advantages and/or
negatives/disadvantages) of the above stated
methods of recruitment.
Identify/Give examples of sources of
internal/external recruitment from given
scenarios/statements.
Outline/Explain/Discuss the role of the interviewer
before and during the interview.
INDUCTION
Define/Elaborate on the meaning of induction.
Outline/Explain/Discuss the role of the
interviewee during the interview.
Define/Elaborate on the meaning of an
employment contract.
Name/Outline/State the details/aspects/ contents
of an employment contract.
Outline/Explain/Discuss the legal requirements/
legalities of the employment contract.
Analyse an employment contract from given
scenarios and make recommendations for
improvement.
Outline/Explain/Discuss the reasons for the
termination of an employment contract.
Outline/Explain/Discuss the purpose of induction.
State/Outline aspects that must be included in the
induction programme.
Evaluate an induction programme from given
scenarios and make recommendations for
improvement.
Discuss/Explain the advantages/benefits of
induction for businesses.
Identify the benefit of induction from given
scenarios.
PLACEMENT
Elaborate on the meaning of placement.
Outline/Explain/Discuss the placement procedure.
Explain/Discuss/the importance of training/skills
development in HR.
FRINGE BENEFITS/PERKS
Name/State/Give examples of employee benefits,
e.g.: Pension; Medical aid; Provident Fund;
Allowances
Discuss/Evaluate the impact (positives/
advantages and/or negatives/disadvantages) of
fringe benefits on businesses.
SALARY DETERMINATION
Explain/Differentiate/Distinguish between piece
meal and time-related salary determination
methods.
Explain the link between salary determination and
the Basic Conditions of Employment Act.
COMPULSORY BENEFITS
Explain UIF as a benefit required by law.
LEGISLATION
Discuss the implications of the
LRA/BCEA/EEA/SDA on the human resources
function.
19
CONCEPTS
P
P
X
E
R
U
D
E
C
O
R
P
N
O
I
T
C
E
L
E
S
S
L
R
L
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U
T
C
A
R
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N
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F
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I
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A
N
I
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R
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T
P
L
A
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E
N
T
P
R
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C
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D
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R
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X
A
W
C
C
C
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R
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N
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M
P
L
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Y
M
E
N
T
C
O
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T
R
A
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S
X
X
V
X
P
M
V
E
I
M
R
R
F
I
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T
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R
V
I
E
W
X
X
R
T
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N
O
I
T
P
I
R
C
S
E
D
B
O
J
C
N
G
J
U
A
A
U
E
E
M
P
L
O
Y
E
E
B
E
N
E
F
I
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S
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D
A
L
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N
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D
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N
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I
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J
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J
A
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T
T
F
F
L
O
I
C
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F
N
H
N
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E
X
N
O
I
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A
N
I
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R
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T
E
D
Y
R
A
L
A
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B
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A
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B
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W
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J
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B
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Y
A
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V
I
N
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Y
B
B
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U
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A
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G
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W
P
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A
N
R
E
S
O
U
R
C
E
A
C
T
I
V
I
T
I
E
S
X
SDA
Pension
Employee benefits
Time related
Salary determination
Termination of contract
Legalities
Employment contracts
Training
Placement procedure
Induction
Interviewer
Interview
Selection procedure
External recruitment
Internal recruitment
Job analysis
Job specification
Job description
Human resource activities
20
TUTORING CONTENT
2021 Examination Guidelines: Identify/Give examples of sources of internal/external recruitment from
given scenarios/statements.
INTERNAL RECRUITMENT
Refers to the use of internal sources to
advertise vacancies inside the business. The
following SOURCES of internal recruitment
can be used:
 Refers to the use of external sources to
advertise vacancies outside the business. The
following SOURCES of external recruitment
can be used:
Sources of Internal recruitment
Internal e-mails/Intranet/web sites to staff
Word of mouth
Business newsletter/circulars
Internal/management referrals
Notice board of the business
Internal bulletins
Recommendation of current employees
Head hunting within the business/organisational
database.
Sources of external recruitment
 Recruitment agencies
 Billboards
 Printed media, e.g., newspapers/flyers
 Electronic media, e.g., radio/TV
 Social media/Social
networks/Internet/Business websites
 Recruitment agencies
 Walk-ins
 Head hunting









EXTERNAL RECRUITMENT
2021 Examination Guidelines: Differentiate/Distinguish between job description and job specification as
components of a job analysis
JOB DESCRIPTION
JOB SPECIFICATION
1.
1.
2.
2.
3.
3.
2021 Examination Guidelines: Outline/Explain/Discuss the role of the interviewee during the interview.

Role of the interviewer BEFORE the interview
The interviewer should develop a core set of questions based on the skills/knowledge/ ability
required.
21














Check/read the application/verify the CV of every candidate for anything that may need to be
explained.
Book and prepare the venue for the interview.
Set the interview date and ensure that all interviews take place on the same date, if possible.
Inform all shortlisted candidates about the date and place of the interview.
Plan the programme for the interview and determine the time that should be allocated to each
candidate.
Notify all panel members conducting the interview about the date and place of the interview.
Role of the INTERVIEWER during the interview
Role of the INTERVIEWEE during the interview
Allocate the same amount of time to each
candidate.
Introduce members of the interviewing panel to
each candidate/interviewee.
Make the interviewee feel at ease.
Explain the purpose of the interview to the panel
and the interviewee.
Record interviewees' responses for future
reference.
Do not misinform/mislead the interviewee.
Provide an opportunity for the interviewee to ask
questions.
Close the interview by thanking the interviewee for
attending the interview







Greet the interviewer by name with a solid
handshake and a friendly smile.
Listen carefully to the questions before
responding.
Make eye contact and have good
posture/body language.
Show confidence and have a positive
attitude/be assertive.
Ask clarity seeking questions.
Show respect and treat the interview with its
due importance.
Be honest about mistakes and explain how
you dealt with it.
2021 Examination Guidelines: Discuss the implications of the LRA/BCEA/EEA/SDA on the human
resources function.
LRA
BCEA
EEA
SDA
22
2021 Examination Guidelines: Discuss/Evaluate the impact (positives/ advantages and/or
negatives/disadvantages) of fringe benefits on businesses.
IMPACT OF FRINGE BENEFITS ON BUSINESSES




Positives/Advantages
Improves productivity\ resulting in higher profitability.
It increases employee satisfaction/loyalty as they may be willing to go the extra mile.
Businesses save money as benefits are tax deductible.
Fringe benefits can be used as leverage for salary negotiations.




Negatives/Disadvantages
Businesses who cannot offer fringe benefits fail to attract skilled workers.
It can create conflict/lead to corruption if allocated unfairly.
Fringe benefits are additional costs that may result in cash flow problems.
Decreases business profits, as incentive/package/remuneration costs are higher.
2021 Examination Guidelines: Outline/Explain/Discuss the reasons for the termination of an
employment contract.
Resignation
Retirement
Retrenchment
Dismissal
Death in
service





Reasons for terminating an employment contract
The employer may dismiss an employee for valid reason(s), e.g., unsatisfactory job
performance, misconduct, etc.
Employer) may no longer have work for redundant employees/cannot fulfil the contract/is
restructuring.
The employer may retrench some employees due to insolvency/may not be able
to pay the employees.
Employees decided to leave and resign voluntarily.
An employee may have reached the pre-determined age for retirement.
23
2021 Examination Guidelines: Outline/Explain/Discuss the purpose of induction.
2021 Examination Guidelines: State/Outline aspects that must be included in the induction
programme.
Purpose of induction
Aspects that must be included in the induction
programme
24
PROFESSIONALISM & ETHICS
PROFESSIONALISM
ETHICS
Outline the differences/Differentiate/Distinguish between ethical and professional behaviour.
Define/Elaborate on the meaning of professional
Define/Elaborate on the meaning of ethical
behaviour.
behaviour.
Give practical examples of professional and
Give practical examples of ethical and unethical
unprofessional behaviour, e.g., good use of work
behaviour, e.g., using fair vs. unfair advertising
time and abuse of work time.
techniques.
Identify the following types of unprofessional
Explain how businesses can apply the King Code
business practices from given scenarios/
principles of transparency, accountability, and
statements:
responsibility for good corporate governance to
 Sexual harassment
improve ethical business conduct.
 Unauthorised use of workplace funds and
resources
 Abuse of work time
Explain how the above stated types of
Identify the following types of unethical business
unprofessional business practices pose challenges
practices from given scenarios/statements:
to businesses
o Unfair advertising and examples
o Pricing of goods in rural areas
o Taxation/Tax evasion
Suggest/Recommend ways in which professional,
Explain how the above-stated types of unethical
responsible, ethical, and effective business
business practices pose challenges to businesses.
practice should be conducted
Recommend/Suggest ways in which businesses
could deal with above stated types of unethical
business practices.
25
CONCEPTS
S
W
S
C
B
S
G
N
I
M
O
C
T
R
O
H
S
T
B
M
T
T
L
U
D
G
C
O
R
P
O
R
A
T
E
G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
Z
F
E
R
E
S
P
O
N
S
I
B
I
L
I
T
Y
J
V
J
O
H
N
C
E
P
C
R
H
K
C
G
K
B
E
C
O
M
M
U
N
I
T
I
E
S
K
C
R
R
I
S
W
X
K
N
S
O
T
X
M
A
O
V
E
Y
Q
K
M
H
J
O
U
O
S
Q
Y
L
E
I
E
N
I
G
U
Q
V
O
W
Y
A
I
J
D
T
U
S
T
I
K
N
J
L
S
C
O
J
S
S
A
X
Z
Y
V
N
N
E
I
K
N
O
E
O
Q
K
U
B
I
I
I
E
S
E
L
L
S
X
R
S
G
T
K
F
T
L
C
N
A
J
E
A
T
T
S
G
K
L
J
S
H
O
Y
W
C
H
O
L
A
C
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M
U
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T
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C
A
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M
P
O
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U
A
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A
B
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A
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P
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A
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D
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I
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K
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C
I
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K
I
A
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V
R
E
Y
G
C
F
W
J
V
W
A
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S
X
I
L
D
G
I
T
K
R
C
D
P
X
Y
S
N
L
O
Q
A
G
B
S
N
A
H
I
R
T
N
C
E
E
C
A
S
A
N
S
I
P
Y
U
N
U
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C
S
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T
T
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P
A
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Y
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M
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U
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I
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I
P
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P
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A
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Y
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C
A
E
W
V
P
P
M
L
T
L
A
N
U
N
P
R
O
F
E
S
S
I
O
N
A
L
N
M
C
H
I
D
A
L
F
I
M
S
I
L
A
N
O
I
S
S
E
F
O
R
P
T
K
Y
T
E
T
A
N
S
G
N
I
D
N
I
F
M
F
J
H
G
N
J
B
B
O
C
T
R
I
R
U
U
D
D
W
E
E
X
S
E
N
I
L
E
D
I
U
G
O
P
E
S
O
O
Z
B
C
T
C
U
D
N
O
C
F
O
E
D
O
C
D
E
O
G
E
Z
N
M
U
U
R
J
T
R
A
N
S
P
A
R
E
N
C
Y
N
W
W
Unfair advertising
Sexual harassment
Shortcomings
Findings'
Disclosure
Audit committees
Stakeholders
Answerable
Communities
Protecting
Guidelines
Decision making
Reputation
Code of Conduct
Morally acceptable
Expected behaviour
Unprofessional
Unethical behaviour
Responsibility
Transparency
Accountability
Tax evasion
Business practices
Corporate governance
King Code
Principles
Ethical
Ethics
Professionalism
J
S
E
X
P
E
C
T
E
D
B
E
H
A
V
I
O
U
R
L
O
W
Z
B
U
N
E
T
H
I
C
A
L
B
E
H
A
V
I
O
U
R
Y
U
R
W
X
Y
26
2021 Examination Guidelines: Explain how businesses can apply the King Code principles of
transparency, accountability, and responsibility for good corporate governance to improve ethical
business conduct.
PRINCIPLES
EXPLANATION
ACCOUNTABILITY
TRANSPARENCY
RESPONSIBILITY
2021 Examination Guidelines: Recommend/Suggest ways in which businesses could deal with stated
types of unprofessional business practices.
UNPROFESSIONAL
BUSINESS
PRACTICES
1. Abuse of work time
2. Sexual harassment
3. Unauthorised use of
funds and resources
RECOMMENDATION
27
2021 Examination Guidelines: Recommend/Suggest ways in which businesses could deal with
unethical business practices.
UNETHICAL BUSINESS
PRACTICES
1. Pricing of goods in
rural areas
2. Taxation / Tax
evasion
3. Unfair advertising
RECOMMENDATIONS
28
CREATIVE THINKING
PROBLEM-SOLVING
CREATIVE THINKING
Define/Elaborate on the meaning of problemsolving and decision making.
Define/Elaborate on the meaning of creative
thinking.
Explain/Differentiate/Distinguish between problemsolving and decision making.
Explain the benefits/advantages of creative
thinking in the workplace.
Identify/Name/Outline/Explain/Discuss the
problem-solving steps.
Explain/Recommend ways businesses can create
an environment that promotes creative thinking in
the workplace.
Apply the problem-solving steps from given
scenarios/case studies.
Identify/Name the following problem-solving
techniques from given scenarios/statements
• Delphi technique
• Force field analysis
• Brainstorming
• Nominal group technique
Explain/Advise businesses on how they can apply
the above-stated problem-solving techniques to
solve complex business problems.
Discuss/Evaluate/Analyse the impact
(positives/advantages and/or negatives/
disadvantages) of the above-stated problemsolving techniques.
29
CONCEPTS
R
M
F
P
G
A
L
T
E
R
N
A
T
I
V
E
S
O
L
U
T
I
O
N
B
E
N
N
R
N
T
F
N
U
N
A
I
R
A
T
I
R
O
H
T
U
A
E
Y
E
U
E
O
O
I
G
O
W
M
Y
C
A
T
Y
R
Q
D
E
F
I
N
E
S
Y
V
Q
W
M
B
M
S
R
D
I
S
A
D
V
A
N
T
A
G
E
S
C
E
R
R
A
I
I
I
L
R
T
C
Q
E
P
N
T
I
Z
H
J
R
Y
N
R
D
Y
U
T
L
N
D
N
E
O
N
E
Q
W
X
V
W
N
K
Q
U
R
Y
E
U
F
U
T
E
U
H
E
A
M
T
L
D
T
G
U
M
I
N
D
M
A
P
A
T
I
A
N
E
C
A
C
A
L
S
S
U
C
D
E
K
G
P
G
W
M
L
T
I
T
D
E
C
E
H
T
E
S
G
O
N
E
O
W
F
X
C
Y
W
O
Q
I
T
N
V
M
Y
T
R
N
E
T
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Forced Combination
Nominal Group technique
Empty Chair technique
Force Field Analysis
Delphi Technique
Mind-map
Brainstorming
Motivation
Positive attitudes
Productivity
Competitive Advantage
Unconventional ideas
Authoritarian
Evaluate
Monitor
Implement
Choose
Alternative Solution
Define
Identify
Problem Solving Steps
Disadvantages
Advantages
Techniques
Problem Solving
Generate
Creative
New Ideas
Innovative Ideas
Creative Thinking
30
2021 Examination Guidelines: Identify/Name/Outline/Explain/Discuss the problem-solving steps.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2021 Examination Guidelines: Explain/Advise businesses on how they can apply the Delphi problemsolving techniques to solve complex business problems
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
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Businesses must invite a panel of experts to research the complaints from customers.
Experts do not have to be in one place and will be contacted individually.
Design a questionnaire consisting of questions on how to improve the quality of their products and
distribute it to the panel members/experts.
Request the panel to individually respond to the questionnaire/suggest improvements to the
products and return it to the business
Summarise the responses from the experts in a feedback report.
Send the feedback report and a second set of questions/questionnaire based on the feedback
report to the panel members.
31
2021 Examination Guidelines: Explain the benefits/advantages of creative thinking in the workplace.
1
2
3
4
5
2021 Examination Guidelines: Explain/Recommend ways businesses can create an environment that
promotes creative thinking in the workplace.
1
2
3
4
5
6