CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
PHASE 1: MATERIAL PREPARATION
STEP 1: COLLECT KRAFT PAPER AND STEEL
FIBER
STEP 2: SELECT A SUITABLE GRADE OF KRAFT
PAPER.
STEP 3: CHOOSE STEEL FIBERS OF SPECIFIC
LENGTH AND DIAMETER.
STEP 4: CHOOSE A STANDARD TYPE OF
CEMENT COMMONLY USED IN
CONSTRUCTION.
STEP 15: SUBJECT THE SAMPLES TO FREEZE
CYCLES OR EXPOSURE TO OTHER
ENVIRONMENT CONDITIONS TO EVALUATE
LONG-TERM DURABILITY
STEP 16: TEST THE BENDING STRENGTH OF
THE BOARDS USING A THREE-POINT BENDING
TEST SETUP
STEP 14: USE THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY TESTER
TO EVALUATE HOW MATERIAL RESPOND TO
HEAT FLOW.
PHASE 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND
COMPARISON MATERIALS AND
SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSIDERATION.
STEP 13: USE A UNIVERSAL TESTING
MACHINE (UTM) TO MEASURE THE
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH BY APPLYING
FORCE TO THE SAMPLE UNTIL FAILURE.
STEP 12: - MONITOR CURING CONDITIONS TO
PREVENT UNEVEN CURING.
STEP 5: USE THE WATER TO MIX CEMENT
PASTE.
PHASE 2: MIXING AND
PREPARATION OF SAMPLES.
STEP 6: MIX KRAFT PAPER WITH CEMENT
AND WATER.
STEP 7: ADD STEEL FIBERS TO THE MIX AT
DIFFERENT VOLUME FRACTIONS TO
EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF FIBER CONTENT.
STEP 8: ENSURE UNIFORM DISTRIBUTION OF
FIBERS WITHIN THE CEMENT MIXTURE.
STEP 11: CURE THE SAMPLES UNDER
CONTROLLED CONDITIONS FOR A SPECIFIED
DURATION, TYPICALLY 28 DAYS, TO ALLOW
FOR HYDRATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE
CEMENT MATRIX.
PHASE 3: TESTING METHODS AND
CURING
STEP 10: COMPACT THE MIXTURE PROPERLY
TO AVOID AIR VOIDS.
STEP 9: CAST THE MIXTURE INTO MOLDS
WITH STANDARDIZED DIMENSIONS FOR
TESTING.
FIGURE 1.1 SAMPLE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
STEP 17: ANALYZE THE TEST RESULT TO
ASSESS THE EFFECT OF STEEL FIBER
REINFORCEMENT ON THE MATERIAL
PROPERTIES.
STEP 18: COMPARE THE PERFORMANCE OF
KRAFT PAPER CEMENT BOARDS WITH STEEL
FIBER REINFORCEMENT TO STANDARD CEMENT
BOARDS OR FIBERBOARD MATERIALS.
STEP 19: ENSURE ALL SAFETY PROTOCOLS
ARE IN PLACE WHEN HANDLING CEMENT,
KRAFT PAPER, STEEL FIBER, AND OTHER
MATERIALS.
STEP 20: CONSIDER THE ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT OF USING KRAFT PAPER AND
SUSTAINABILITY OF THE REINFORCEMENT
TECHNIQUE.