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640609569 GE 9 Learner Book Answers
English Composition (University of the People)
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CAMBRIDGE GLOBAL ENGLISH 9: LEARNER’S BOOK ANSWERS
Learner’s Book
answers
Unit 1
1.1 What helps you to learn?
1.2 Teen psychology
1
1
For
Eva
✓
Tarak
✓
Against
Anna
Joseph
2
3
Mixed feelings
Written by teenagers: a, d, f
Written by parents of teenagers: b, c
Written by a psychologist: e
✓
2
✓
Example answers:
Han
✓
a
(here, adjective) adult
Milo
✓
b
(compound noun) a calculation of how
much risk (possible danger) there is in
doing something
c
(adjective) very frightened
d
(noun) facts that show clearly that
something is true
a
speak while they are speaking
b
look at the ways they are similar
or different
c
take their attention away from something
d
want them to believe they can do
something
e
(adjective) showing the ability to make
good decisions
e
speak angrily to them because they have
done something wrong
f
(compound noun) a picture of the inside
of the brain, produced by a machine
f
are in a situation where you have done
something wrong
g
(noun) a period of ten years
g
let other people know what they are
h
(noun) a fixed idea, often unfair or untrue,
of what a person or a thing is like
h
people expect you to do it
i
give it all your attention
Eva: interrupting
Tarak: comparing
Anna: distracts
Joseph: encourage
4
Learner’s own answer
1.3 Role models
1
The conversation is about role models and the
people Theo, Mai and Leila see as role models.
2
a
They’re reading an article about role models.
b
Leila means that it’s an idea that a lot of
people have, but which isn’t true.
c
In the first photo, the person is Mai.
In the third photo, the people are Theo
and his uncle.
d
Learner’s own answer
Han: tell … off; gets into
Milo: Sharing; supposed; concentrate on
5
1
Learner’s own answer
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CAMBRIDGE GLOBAL ENGLISH 9: LEARNER’S BOOK ANSWERS
e
f
3
Theo says, ‘I thought your tennis coach
was Mr Peters’, which shows that he
thinks that girls only have female role
models. Leila says, ‘Boys just have
footballers and sportsmen as role models.’
Theo gives her the example of his uncle,
to show that this isn’t true.
civil: polite (in a formal way)
gracious: behaving in a pleasant, polite and
calm way
appreciative: showing that something is good
or that you are grateful for something
considerate: kind and helpful
They all agree that some celebrities aren’t
good role models.
a ’s helping; b look up to; c depends;
d ’m saving up for; e encourages (‘is always
encouraging’ would also be possible here)
polite: behaving in a way that is not rude
concerned: worried
5
1.5 Facts and opinions
1.4 Teenage voices
1
To examine stereotypes of teenagers
2
a
Worse
b
It means they don’t do it.
c
Bad things
d
People may have a fixed idea of what you
are like, but you can be different from that.
e
It tells you that the evidence of the study
did not support the stereotypes.
3
The first word cloud shows negative views
of teenagers. The second word cloud shows
positive views of teenagers.
4
rebellious: not obeying the rules of behaviour
disrespectful: not behaving well or politely
towards someone
rude: not polite
1
Learner’s own answer
2
Learner’s own answer
4
Sample answer: The first newspaper report
shows evidence of bias in sentences such
as ‘The march made life very difficult for
ordinary people who work in the area and for
tourists enjoying the sights of London.’ The
references to the lovely sunny weather, to the
march taking place on a Friday and to the
litter left behind also show that the journalist
does not approve of the march.
The second newspaper report is more
balanced. The journalist is concerned with
giving the facts: the march was peaceful, the
protesters were respectful and the students
were not simply taking a day off school
because they didn’t want to work.
1.6 From ideas into words
cheeky: slightly rude and disrespectful
1
a
Get it right.
b
Practice makes perfect.
c
Involve your audience right from the start.
bad-mannered: not behaving well or with
consideration when you’re with other people
d
Don’t put too much text on a slide.
e
Make it visual.
defiant: refusing to do something when
you’re asked
f
Plan your presentation carefully.
disobedient: refusing to obey the rules
g
Timing is important.
responsible: being sensible and looking
after others
h
Don’t be nervous about the audience
interrupting you.
uncaring: not thinking about how someone
else might feel, not looking after someone
when they need help
respectful: appreciating what others do and
behaving well towards them
caring: looking after others
2
Learner’s own answer
2
Involve your audience right from the start.
Make it visual.
Plan your presentation carefully.
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CAMBRIDGE GLOBAL ENGLISH 9: LEARNER’S BOOK ANSWERS
3
a
Teenage life
4
Learner’s own answer
b
A projector
5
Tani respects Coach Shawn.
c
A photo of a group of teenagers.
A journalist is asking them questions.
6
a
It’s not immediately clear how crossing
the street and playing chess are connected.
d
Questions
b
e
Plan their presentation
Coach Shawn wants to make the players
understand that you have to learn how to
make good decisions.
c
‘You’ve got to think the consequences
through. You’ve got to think deep.’
d
It has a big impression on Tani, because
he understands what Coach Shawn means
about ‘thinking deep’.
e
He knows that he wants to do more than
just move the chess pieces around a board.
Use of English: is being used; are being asked
4
A new drama studio is being built.
b
It’s being cleaned.
c
It’s being shown on TV this evening!
d
Drinks and snacks are being served in the
small hall.
e
We’re being followed by your cat!
7
Learner’s own answer
1.7 Improve your writing
Check your progress
1
General knowledge quiz
a
Lily is Celine’s friend. She is probably
about the same age, but she lives in
another country.
1
ten
2
A fixed idea, often unfair or untrue, of what a
person or a thing is like
3
A journalist writes for newspapers or
magazines.
4
A picture of the inside of the brain
5
Someone who is a good example to follow
6
A group of words in a shape, with some larger
than others, showing how often they are used
1.9 Autobiography
7
demonstration
1
8
petition
9
You stop doing something (such as going
to work)
2
2
3
3
a
b
She has grandchildren and is doing a
creative writing course.
c
To ask for her help.
d
Learner’s own answer.
e
Learner’s own answer; likely to be friendly
or informal.
Learner’s own answer
Sample answer: Tani is good at chess. He is
also thoughtful, and he is interested in what
people think of others.
a
It makes you laugh, but not in an
unkind way.
b
They were doing things which might cause
trouble or upset people.
10 words
Vocabulary
1
a distracts; b interrupt; c comparing;
d sharing; e encourages; f chatting
a on; b into; c off; d to; e on
c
I showed that I agreed (even though I
already knew the story).
2
d
I thank her for that.
Use of English
e
She doesn’t make it seem more important
than it really is.
1
a swimming in the sea; b having a pizza;
c eating chocolate every day; d coming to see me
Suggested answer: repeating the same phrase
makes it more powerful.
2
a agree; b ’s talking; c have; d don’t take;
e Are we going
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CAMBRIDGE GLOBAL ENGLISH 9: LEARNER’S BOOK ANSWERS
3
4
a
I’m told that I’m a bit loud sometimes.
2.2 Food for thought
b
I’m expected to tidy my room every
Saturday.
1
Learner’s own answer
c
We are encouraged to play a musical
instrument at our school.
2
Possible answers:
d
All parents are invited to come to the endof-term concert.
a
Because it’s being repainted.
b
Because it’s being cleaned.
c
Because it’s being repaired.
d
Because they’re being sent to parents this
afternoon.
Extract 1: The importance of eating regular meals
Extract 2: The benefits of exercise for staying
healthy
3
skipping b; restore d; crave e; suppress c;
susceptible a
4
bacteria – small organisms that can cause illness
cells – the smallest living parts of an animal or
a plant
diabetes – a disease in which the body cannot
control the amount of sugar in the body
Unit 2
2.1 Food for health
immune system – the systems in the body that
protect against infection and disease
1
Learner’s own answer
infection – a disease in part of the body
2
Learner’s own answer
3
a malnutrition; b undernourished;
c obesity; d calories; e junk food; f poverty;
g vegetarian; h food waste
recovery – returning to a state of health and
well-being after illness
4
Possible answers
a
b
c
Junk food and food that contains a lot
of sugar, salt and fat, because it doesn’t
provide good nutrition.
A balanced diet that includes a variety
of food to provide the right amount of
protein, carbohydrates, vitamins and
minerals.
Because millions of people in the world
are undernourished while in other
parts of the world, food is wasted and
thrown away
viruses – small organisms that can cause viral
diseases
5
a more slowly; b more clearly; c stronger;
d less tired; e more likely; f less efficiently
6
Learner’s own answer
2.3 Are you getting enough
sleep?
1
Possible answer: Spending too much time on
digital devices and allowing digital devices to
interrupt your sleep can lead to not getting
enough sleep. This can weaken the immune
system and lead to illness.
2
a
taking care of their appearance – making
sure they look good
5
Learner’s own answer
6
a
Malnutrition affects the health of children
and adults.
b
wind down – gradually relax
c
at risk – in danger
b
We can reduce some of the waste created
by shoppers being encouraged to buy
more than they need.
d
focus group – a small number of people
brought together to discuss a particular
subject in order to solve a problem or
suggest ideas
e
exhausted – very tired
7
4
disease – illness
Learner’s own answer
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CAMBRIDGE GLOBAL ENGLISH 9: LEARNER’S BOOK ANSWERS
3
4
5
f
banishing – not allowing someone or
something to stay in a particular place
g
promote – encourage or help something
to develop
a
They sleep for 20 minutes less than they
spend on digital devices.
bored, disappointed
f
surprised, thrilled, excited
5
a Photo b; b Photo c
6
Learner’s own answer
7
Language and emotions
b
81%
8
Learner’s own answer
c
4 out of 10
9
d
They spend more time checking emails and
using the internet than eating breakfast.
e
Lack of sleep can weaken the immune
system and lead to illness.
f
Switch off all devices 60–90 minutes
before going to sleep.
Possible answer: The reason that you hear
more words for negative emotions than positive
emotions is that when you feel negative, you
want to find out why, so you think more about
how you’re feeling and also how to stop feeling
down. When you’re happy, you don’t think so
much about your emotions because everything
is fine.
g
Many complained of sleep problems and
feeling exhausted.
h
Digital devices
Possible answer: People spend more time
using digital devices than sleeping. Eighty-one
percent leave their phones on all night and
four in ten said they check their phone during
the night. They spend more time checking
emails and using the internet than eating
breakfast. Experts warn that lack of sleep
weakens the immune system and can lead to
health problems. Many teenagers complained
of sleep problems and 80 percent of them
were using electronic devices in bed. An
expert advises turning off all digital devices
60–90 minutes before going to bed and not
having electronic devices in the bedroom.
2.5 Keep a cool head
1
The way they bring up their children.
2
a the Arctic; b anger; c calmness; d shout;
e competitiveness; f with emotional outbursts
3
a
The journalist thought the Inuit way of
bringing up children was interesting and
worth writing about.
b
There is a sense of calm throughout
the community. Children develop
patience and empathy and they learn to
manage anger.
c
In the Inuit community, interdependence
is important so people are more
collaborative and less likely to react
emotionally, whereas in communities
where competitiveness is seen as necessary,
expressing emotions is less likely to be
discouraged.
d
So that parents realise that emotional
outbursts from children and teenagers
are normal
Learner’s own answer
2.4 Moods and feelings
5
e
1
Possible answers: a happy; b angry; c sad;
d very sad, upset; e fed up; f surprised
2
Learner’s own answer
Use of English: delicious – very tasty
3
Learner’s own answer
delighted, thrilled – very happy
4
Possible answers:
furious – very angry
a
happy, excited
hilarious – very funny
b
angry, furious
huge, gigantic, enormous – very big
c
sad, worried, upset, depressed
starving – very hungry
d
sad, upset, miserable
tiny, minute – very small
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CAMBRIDGE GLOBAL ENGLISH 9: LEARNER’S BOOK ANSWERS
4
Learner’s own answer
5
Learner’s own answer
and no enemies, but he was bored. So he told
his counsellor to find him something new,
something to interest him. The counsellor
summoned artists, craftsmen, tumblers, stargazers and doctors to help. However, the Beg
just yawned. He wasn’t interested in anything.
He was furious with the counsellor. Finally, he
told the counsellor that he had one last chance
to find something by the following day. The
poor counsellor was terrified. However, after a
night without sleep, and with tears in his eyes,
he suddenly had a wonderful idea, as the sun
came in through his window.
2.6 How to be happy
1
Learner’s own answer
2
1 Asma: a supportive family, getting involved
in activities with others; 2 Dev: bad behaviour,
talking in front of other people; 3 Tien:
friendship, stress and anxiety; 4 Adam:
physical and mental well-being, bullying
3
a Adam; b Tien; c Dev; d Asma; e Tien;
f Adam
5
Learner’s own answer
4
Learner’s own answer
6
a
5
Learner’s own answer
The counsellor got his idea from the
rainbow that he had seen through his
teardrops, as the sun came up.
b
The robe was so unusual and so
wonderful to look at because it had all the
colours of the rainbow in it.
2.7 Improve your writing
1
Learner’s own answer
3
Learner’s own answer
5
Learner’s own answer
7
Check your progress
2.9 Fiction
1
General knowledge quiz
The first part of the illustration shows the Beg
on his white horse, admiring the orchards,
gardens and mosques in his city.
The second part shows the Beg telling the
counsellor to think of something to excite
him, to stop him being so bored.
The third part shows people trying to
entertain the Beg, including the glass blower
with his glass swan and one of the star-gazers.
The fourth part shows the counsellor early in
the morning, when he has his wonderful idea.
2
a
b
adjectives: horrified, terrified, excited
adverbs: anxiously, miserably, thankfully
The counsellor: anxious, apprehensive,
ecstatic, excited, frightened, miserable,
nervous, sad, terrified, thrilled, upset, worried
6
1 b over eight
2
the system in the body which protects against
infections and diseases
3
Because it is not useful, not of good quality. It
doesn’t provide good nutrition.
4
b
a third
5
b
20%
6
a chemical that helps to keep your moods and
emotions in balance
7
negative emotions
8
the Arctic regions of Greenland, Canada and
Alaska
9
to show anger
Example answer:
The Beg: angry, annoyed, bored,
depressed, disappointed, furious, in a bad
mood, miserable
3
Learner’s own answer
Example answer: The Beg had everything he
could have wanted. He had plenty of money,
beautiful buildings, enough food for his people
10 neurology
Vocabulary
1
a furious; b depressed; c thrilled;
d apprehensive; e confused; f bored
2
bacteria d; cell c; diabetes f; immune b;
infection a; recovery e
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CAMBRIDGE GLOBAL ENGLISH 9: LEARNER’S BOOK ANSWERS
Use of English
g
I’m really pleased that I’ll hear all their news.
1
a less frequently; b slower; c more efficiently;
d more effectively; e more active
h
In the end, I went to the doctor.
2
a can’t have; b might have; c can’t have;
d must have
3
a really terrified; b completely exhausted;
c absolutely furious; d particularly annoyed;
e highly successful
7
Learner’s own answer
3.2 A holiday to remember
1
She was in Mantua, at the Palazzo Ducale.
It shows a fresco of the Gonzaga family.
2
Example answers:
Unit 3
a
A large building which is the official home
of the ruler of a country
3.1 On holiday
b
A picture that is painted on a wall
c
A structure with a curved top and
straight sides
d
The top surface of a room
e
A large circular building without a roof and
with rows of seats, used for entertainment
1
Bruno: Vietnam
Mariam: Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Ren: Mount Fuji National Park, Japan
Anya: Dubrovnik, Croatia
2
Bruno went to Greece last year. He had a
waterskiing accident. He had to go to the
doctor to have stitches in his lip.
3
Ren went to Mount Fuji National Park last
year. There are hot springs and tennis courts,
and you can take a boat on the lake.
3
Example answers:
a
palazzo
b
the room with the frescoes in the
Palazzo Ducale
c
Her family’s bags were taken from one
place to the next.
d
Borghetto
e
She says she cycled by a river, so the
landscape was probably quite flat. It was
also attractive – she mentions a nature
reserve, orchards and vineyards.
f
You get the impression that she is openminded, independent and interested in the
world around her.
g
She enjoyed cycling from place to
place and finding out about the art and
architecture of northern Italy.
Bruno doesn’t mention a first-aid kit.
Mariam doesn’t mention a picnic basket.
Ren doesn’t mention insect repellent.
Anya doesn’t mention a beach umbrella.
7
4
Learner’s own answer
5
a Mariam; b Ren; c Ren; d Mariam; e Anya;
f Mariam; g Mariam; h Bruno
6
Example answers:
a
You can go from shop to shop, looking at
what they’ve got.
b
I could have had a longer holiday there.
4
Learner’s own answer
c
I don’t mind returning to the same place.
5
Learner’s own answer
d
My cousins live there so they can give me
all their news.
3.3 How was your holiday?
e
We’ll go to a restaurant every night.
f
My mum and dad find it very hard to have
a holiday from work.
1
Francisco didn’t really enjoy his holiday.
Li had mixed feelings about her holiday.
Sasha enjoyed his holiday in Morocco.
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2
a
His brother overslept, so they had to get
a taxi to the airport and almost missed
the plane.
b
They were halfway to Greece when the
pilot announced that there was a problem
with one of the engines, so they had to
turn back. They waited three hours for
another plane.
4
5
Learner’s own answer
3.4 Responsible tourism
1
Example answers:
At first, Francisco says there was nothing to
do, apart from sit on the beach, read and go
for a swim. However, later he says that there
were lots of people surfing, windsurfing,
water skiing and playing volleyball.
•
visiting places without having a bad effect
on the environment
•
visiting places and doing things (buying
souvenirs, for example) that help the local
economy
d
Li went to California.
•
respecting the culture and traditions of
the places you visit
e
She couldn’t go in the swimming pool at
the apartment in San Francisco, and she
couldn’t go to Yosemite National Park.
c
3
to take tea with a local family and Sasha
had a chance to speak a little bit of French
with them.
f
She liked Santa Monica best.
g
Agadir is on the west coast of Morocco.
h
He liked the big sandy beach and the
clear water.
i
Their car broke down, but the local
people were very kind to him and his
family, invited them for tea and gave them
some biscuits to take home.
2
Example answers:
a
If you are a responsible tourist, you take
your litter home with you.
b
Water and electricity are precious
resources, so you should be careful how
you use them.
c
Only use air conditioning if you really
have to.
d
Try to stay in accommodation that
is owned by local people, not by an
international hotel chain.
e
Help the local economy by buying local
produce, for example.
j
Learner’s own answer
a
It was being cleaned and refuelled.
b
It was being repaired.
f
Try to buy locally made souvenirs.
c
Cars were being stopped because of
wildfires in the park.
g
Avoid buying wildlife products.
h
Some wildlife products (for example,
some species of seahorse) are endangered
species, so don’t buy them.
a
Environmentally sensitive places are
places that are easily damaged by tourism;
for example, by the pollution that the big
cruise ships cause, and by driving out
wildlife when big hotels are built.
b
We see things we haven’t seen before,
which can make us think differently about
the world.
Li thought that Santa Monica was a great
place to hang out.
c
Leaving litter and using too much water
and electricity.
Sasha’s family rented a car to go to Paradise
Valley, but it broke down. However, everything
turned out well, because they were invited
d
A responsible tourist stays in a place that
is owned by local people and eats local
produce.
Example answers:
Francisco’s holiday got off to a bad start.
His brother was meant to pick him and his
family up at 6.30 in the morning. But he
overslept, so he didn’t turn up.
The plane took off and everything was going
OK, but it had to turn back when they were
halfway to Greece.
3
They didn’t get in till 11.30 at night.
8
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e
f
4
a
9
Text a: ‘The accommodation is just
7 km from the Indian Ocean in one of
the most beautiful areas of South Africa’;
‘in your free time, you can enjoy exploring
the area, swimming and watching
the dolphins!’
He’s a good interviewer. He’s neutral but
he’s also sympathetic, giving Dr Benavides
a chance to give her point of view,
without agreeing or disagreeing with it.
Text b: ‘you will be doing important
conservation work’
e
Learner’s own answer
4
b
hotels: She advises people to stay in
family-run hotels.
3.6 Is tourism a good thing?
c
international hotel chain: The interviewer
refers to a big-name international hotel chain.
food: Dr Benavides says she’d rather
eat something that looks and tastes
homemade than something that’s been
produced in another country and travelled
great distances.
2
Learner’s own answer
Example answers:
For
Jobs are created.
There is more money for businesses, such as
restaurants and shops.
There is more money for local people, who
provide accommodation.
e
people: She asks people to be open-minded
when trying new food.
f
souvenirs: She advises people to buy
locally made souvenirs.
g
souvenirs, things to buy: She advises
people to buy things that are handmade.
There is more money for conservation
projects, such as animal conservation projects
and national parks.
h
glass beads: She bought a sculpture of a
scorpion made from wire and dark blue
glass beads.
There is more money to help local traditions
survive. For example, tourists can buy
handmade souvenirs.
Learner’s own answer
3.5 A different type of family holiday
1
For example:
places: Dr Benavides mentions places that
are environmentally sensitive.
d
5
d
The first picture shows dried seahorses.
Some species of seahorse are endangered,
so you shouldn’t buy them as souvenirs.
The second picture shows a scorpion
made from wire and beads. This is the sort
of thing you could buy as a souvenir.
a
South Africa
b
Sri Lanka
There is more money to improve roads and
the infrastructure of developing economies,
such as their water and power supplies.
Tourism opens your mind to other cultures
and customs. It’s exciting and rewarding. You
can be really inspired by what you see.
Against
2
a monitor; b conservation; c neglect;
d coexistence
3
Example answers:
a
They are both volunteer holidays.
b
You might find the descriptions in
advertisements for volunteer holidays.
c
The implication is that the villagers
and the elephants do not always have a
peaceful coexistence. Perhaps the elephants
sometimes cause problems for the farmers.
Tourism means litter and a worrying rise in
pollution. There are big hotels, golf courses
and similar places, but these aren’t places for
local people.
Popular places lose their identity, with more
tourists than residents sometimes. Examples
include the Greek islands, the Maldives
and Venice.
Tourism means that big businesses move in,
and the money goes to them.
It also means that house prices rise, which is
annoying for local people, who can’t afford them.
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In a tourism-based economy, jobs are only
part-time and for part of the year.
Most tourists are not interested in the
traditions of other places, which means that
places change for the worse. This is what has
happened, for example, in some coastal resorts
in Spain.
5
Learner’s own answer
6
Learner’s own answer
Check your progress
General knowledge quiz
1
Italy
2
A Renaissance artist
participle adjectives ending in -ed: inspired,
interested
3
A picture that is painted on a wall
4
A large circular building without a roof and
with rows of seats, used for entertainment
5
Either Romeo and Juliet or The Two
Gentlemen of Verona
6
On the west coast of Morocco
7
The Indian Ocean
8
Lanka
9
A mosaic
The ‘for’ side forgets to mention the money
that tourism brings to help local traditions
survive (handmade souvenirs, for example)
The ‘against’ side forgets to mention that
house prices rise, which is annoying for local
people, who can’t afford them.
4
Learner’s own answer
5
Learner’s own answer
10 She was born in Finland. Her first language
was Swedish.
3.7 Improve your writing
Vocabulary
2
Learner’s own answer
1
3
Learner’s own answer
4
Learner’s own answer
boat trip, day trip, ice skating, roller-skating,
sightseeing tour, swimming pool, tennis
court, theme park, water park, water sports,
waterskiing
2
a
The volunteers in the conservation area
monitor the elephants carefully. They
check them every day.
b
There are signs everywhere saying, ‘Please
don’t drop litter’. There are bins where you
can recycle cans, card, paper and glass.
c
I know there are hotels near the
beach but are there any other types of
accommodation? We’d like small villa, but
an apartment would be fine.
3.9 Fiction
1
2
3
10
Learner’s own answer
Use of English: participle adjectives ending
in -ing: emerging, developing, exciting,
rewarding, annoying
a compound adjective containing a past
participle: tourism-based
3
4
They are there on holiday. Sophia says,
‘I’ve never been this far before.’ Neither has
her grandmother, so it is unlikely that they
live there.
a
Sophia’s grandmother
b
She’s probably very independent and
adventurous.
c
She’s probably quite similar to her
grandmother.
d
It’s nice to take home a souvenir from
your holiday. It helps you to remember it.
d
She has just asked her grandmother,
‘When are you going to die?’, so she
means the hole they are going to dig to
bury her.
e
The thing that surprised me about our
holiday in Madagascar was the variety
of wildlife. There were so many different
kinds of animals and plants!
Learner’s own answer
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Use of English
4.2 Deadly diseases
1
a off; b to; c with; d off; e up
1
2
a were picked up; b was being used; c Did you
hear; d was helping
3
1 open-minded; 2 family-run; 3 handmade;
4 dark blue; 5 locally produced
4
Extension answers:
quarantine – being isolated from other people to
avoid spreading a disease
fatal disease – a disease that kills people
a endangered; b rewarding; c disappointing;
d interested; e exciting
experiment – a scientific test
to inoculate – to give a weak form of a disease in
Unit 4
order to protect against the disease
4.1 The science of colour
vaccination – giving someone a substance
to stop
1
them getting a disease
2
No, because some humans are colour-blind,
and some humans and some animals are
tetrachromatic (they have an extra colour
receptor (cone)) so they see more colours.
a
eradicated – got rid of completely
2
We don’t see colours at night because
we need light in order for our brains to
perceive colour.
b
the retina
c
cones
d
colour-blind
e
If you are trichromatic you have
three colour receptors, and if you are
tetrachromatic you have four colour
receptors, so you see a wider range
of colours.
f
It means they can see more shades of
colour, they notice food such as berries
more easily and they can also detect when
the berries are ready to eat.
a
A pandemic is a disease that kills a lot of
people throughout the world.
b
When there is a dangerous disease
spreading rapidly, quarantine is
necessary to stop more people from
becoming infected.
c
a disease that kills people
d
He inoculated a boy by exposing him to
cowpox. Then he inoculated the same
boy with smallpox and the boy didn’t
get the disease, so his experiment led to
the development of vaccination against
smallpox.
e
Today, more people are vaccinated against
flu and there are effective treatments, such
as antibiotics, to treat tuberculosis.
f
The disease has been eradicated.
a
Most children are vaccinated against
diseases such as measles and polio.
b
A link was discovered between
contaminated water and cholera.
3
a after; b when; c before; d while; e after
4
colours and words for colours in different
languages
5
a
11
b
They have separate colour words for dark
blue and light blue.
c
Quarantine is used to control the spread
of dangerous diseases.
c
To find out if they see colours differently
d
d
They look at a picture and say what
colours they see in it.
Millions of people were killed by a flu
pandemic between 1918 and 1920.
e
Vaccines were developed (by scientists) to
give people immunity to the flu.
6
11
Learner’s own answer
Learner’s own answer
3
4
Learner’s own answer
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4.3 What makes us the same?
What makes us different?
1
No, they haven’t just had the same science
lesson. Ambar has learned about DNA and
fingerprints; Rian says that they haven’t
been learning about fingerprints in his
science lessons, (they’ve been learning about
developments in medical science).
2
DNA – b; fingerprints – e; gene – c; genetics – f;
human genome – d; unique – a
3
a
99.99 percent
b
Eye, hair and skin colour
c
Because each person’s DNA profile is unique
d
Everyone’s fingerprints are slightly different
e
The human genome
4
5
a have been made; b has been expected;
c have been protected; d have been saved;
e have been welcome
6
a
Richard’s invention keeps predators
away from farms at night, so they don’t
attack and kill the farmers’ livestock. The
lion lights also help to protect wildlife
because the farmers don’t need to shoot
lions, cheetahs and other wild animals,
including elephants, in order to protect
their livestock and crops.
b
The title is ‘Live and let live’ because the
lion lights stop predators killing livestock
and stop farmers killing predators. It
means that people, their livestock and the
wild animals can all live in the same area.
Learner’s own answer
4.4 Live and let live
4.5 The circle of life
1
Lions used to come at night to kill and eat the
family’s cattle.
1
2
a
3
4
Someone who looks after cattle or other
livestock
b
Wild animals from the park, like lions,
come onto their land and kill their cattle.
c
He noticed, when walking around at night
with a torch, that the lions were scared of
the moving light.
d
The lion lights keep the lions away from
the farmers’ livestock, so the farmers don’t
need to kill them to protect their animals.
e
12
enough solar power. He has taught himself
about electronics by taking things to pieces to
find out how they work.
Article B is based on opinions and it gives no
evidence to support them.
2
Richard invented his lion lights when he was
11 years old. Since then he has made his lights
solar powered. He has also built a homemade
wind turbine for cloudy days when there isn’t
extinct – when an animal disappears for ever
habitat loss – when an animal loses its
natural home
herbivore – an animal that eats grass and
other plants
hunting – killing animals for sport or money
in captivity – kept in a cage or an enclosure
interdependent – needing each other to survive
They protect crops from being damaged
by wild animals such as elephants.
The programme was recorded when Richard
was a young adult. We know this because the
presenter says that Richard invented the lion
lights when he was 11 years old and that, since
then, he has adapted and improved his lights,
and invented several other devices. There is also
a reference to how Richard used to like taking
things to pieces to see how they worked when he
was a child; this implies he is no longer a child.
Article A is based on facts and information.
in the wild – in natural conditions
poacher – someone who steals wild animals or
kills them to sell body parts
pollinator – an animal that carries pollen from
one plant to another
prey – animals that are eaten by other animals
3
a
Article A is more objective than Article
B. For example, it gives data from the
African Wildlife Association about the
decrease in the lion population and it
gives information from the National
Geographic Society about the number of
animals taken from Brazil by poachers.
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4
b
Article B is biased. It gives opinions rather than facts, and where it
does include facts, it chooses the ones that support a particular point
of view. It gives incorrect information about why the dodo became
extinct. It says ‘It simply wasn’t strong enough to survive’, which is not
true. It says that polar bears can still live in the Arctic because there
is ‘plenty of space for bears.’ But we know that polar bears cannot
survive in the Arctic if the ice continues to melt.
c
We learn that the writer gives incorrect information to back up the
views expressed. We know that the writer values making money over
protecting wildlife and the environment because this is expressed in the
second paragraph.
Learner’s own answer
4.6 Views on zoos
1
enclosure – f; instinct – c; keeper – h; breed – g; genetic diversity – b;
cage – e; wildlife park – d; release (into the wild) – a
2
a Amir, against; b Isla, for; c Huyen, against; d Onel, for; e Shashi,
against; f Kareem, for
3
a Isla; b Shashi; c Amir; d Kareem; e Onel; f Huyen
Use of English
in
from
of
on
to
with
believe in
suffer from
die of
depend on
belong to
agree with
succeed in
protect from
approve of
concentrate on
introduce (someone) to compare with
specialise in
save from
rely on
listen to
4
a from; b in; c from; d from; e with; f of; g to; h to; i on
5
Learner’s own answer
4.7 Improve your writing
1
13
a
essential, fascinating
b
The writer uses the question as a useful way to introduce the two
opposing points of view that will be discussed in the essay.
c
Learner’s own answer
d
It provides evidence that illustrates the view stated about the positive
aspects of zoos.
e
It provides an example to illustrate the view expressed in the first sentence.
f
‘Cages … are prisons for animals … others appear bored, stressed
and unhappy’
g
It doesn’t seem right for humans to keep animals in captivity.
2
Learner’s own answer
3
Learner’s own answer
4
Learner’s own answer
5
Learner’s own answer
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CAMBRIDGE GLOBAL ENGLISH 9: LEARNER’S BOOK ANSWERS
4.9 Poetry
3
the plague
1
Learner’s own answer
4
sewers and clean water supplies
‘Little by little wins the day’ is the line which
gives the moral.
5
tuberculosis
6
DNA
Student A
7
because fingerprints are unique
a
Sample answer: rude, unkind, arrogant
8
Kenya
b
know, go; short, snort; Hare, everywhere;
past, fast; race, place; one, run; began,
ran; win, begin; jeered, disappeared; away,
day; along, long; Hare, there; sure, before;
take, break; deep, asleep
9
It was a large bird that became extinct.
2
c
d
Sample answer: The lines are very short.
You read them quickly, in short bursts. A
hare runs very fast and can speed up and
slow down very quickly.
Sample answer: Hare tells Tortoise he is
very slow because his legs are so short.
Tortoise replies that he would beat Hare
in a race. They agree to have a race. Hare
runs very quickly, leaving Tortoise behind.
He is so sure of winning that he decides to
have a rest. He falls asleep.
b
c
d
Vocabulary
1
a a human genome; b antibiotic;
c inoculation; d pandemic; e quarantine
2
a endangered; b extinct; c pollinators;
d herbivores; e prey; f predators
Use of English
1
a
Sample answer: patient, determined,
quietly self-confident
I looked at colours in a different way after
reading the article about colours.
b
away, day; passed, last; Post, boast; shock,
clock; overslept, leapt; run, someone;
Tortoise, shortness; race, pace
Birds use their ability to see many shades
of red and other colours while looking for
berries on plants and trees.
c
I didn’t know much about the plague and
smallpox before reading about the history
of diseases.
Student B
a
10 They have protected them so, for example,
there are now 21,000 rhinos, whereas in 1985
there were fewer than 100 rhinos left in the
wild. Numbers of giant pandas have also
increased to around 1800 in the wild and
around 300 in captivity.
Sample answer: The lines are longer than
the lines describing Hare. You read them
more slowly, just as Tortoise moves more
slowly than Hare.
Sample answer: Hare is in a deep sleep.
Tortoise passes him on the way to the
finishing post, expecting Hare to be there
already. When Hare wakes up, he races to
the finishing post, but Tortoise has
2
Unit 5
5
Learner’s own answer
5.1 Social media and you
6
Learner’s own answer
1
7
Learner’s own answer
a selfie; b emoji; c post; d like; e hashtag;
f meme; g platform; h tweet; i vlogging; j spam
3
Ameena and Nabila are confident about using
social media and know a lot about it. Yusuf is
not confident and knows very little.
4
(social media) platform, tweets, selfie, like,
hashtag, vlogging
Check your progress
General knowledge quiz
14
1 was used, 2 were inoculated, 3 was rubbed,
4 were protected, 5 was developed, 6 was
eradicated, 7 were made, 8 are vaccinated
1
three
2
They have four colour receptors.
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5
Example answers:
d
Learner’s own answer
a
e
Learner’s own answer
5
Learner’s own answer
Some students only read books on their
phones, which is OK if the book is short,
but I I wouldn’t want to read a whole
novel on my phone.
5.4 Have a story personalised!
1
They are discussing what Maya should be for
her youngest brother as a present.
You have to be 13 or over to use most
social media services, which is fine if you
are a responsible 13-year-old.
2
a
a tablet, a song played on the radio, a
jigsaw, a personalised story
b
a tablet, because it’s too expensive and her
mum says her brother spends too much
time looking at screens; a song played
on the radio, because he doesn’t listen to
the radio; a jigsaw, because it’s both too
young and too old
c
a personalised story, because her brother
would love to be the hero in his own story
Example answers:
d
Learner’s own answer
Your oven will have it ready on time.
Use of English: You can have a song played on
the radio for him.
b
c
d
6
Most computers now have voice
recognition, which is great for people who
find typing on a keyboard difficult.
Some people think that social media
is just for teenagers and young people,
which is not true at all – people of all ages
use social media.
Learner’s own answer
5.2 The home of the future
1
The cupboards are looking a bit dirty …
2
Learner’s own answer
3
Learner’s own answer
You can have a story personalised.
My gran had it done for my birthday last year.
(= had a photo made into a jigsaw)
5.3 Digital media: good or bad?
1
Learner’s own answer
2
Example answer: Laura Wilson is quite
negative about social media. She is also not
keen on students using the internet for school
work. Dev Sharma is more open-minded.
3
Learner’s own answer
4
Example answers
a
15
Dev Sharma gives the most balanced view.
He can see the advantages of social media
and digital media. Parents use social
media to interact with their children,
but they also interact with them as they
have always done. Digital media can
help students at school. However, he is
realistic about the disadvantages, such as
children spending too much time looking
at screens and students copying material
directly from the internet.
b
Dev Sharma gives more facts.
c
Learner’s own answer
3
Example answers: a cut; b painted; c taken;
d delivered; e repaired
4
Learner’s own answer
5.5 Technology meets
archaeology
1
Example answer: It’s about ships that sank a
long time ago. People have found objects from
a lot of different countries on them, showing
that they were used for international trade.
2
Learner’s own answer
3
Example answers:
a
a ship that has sunk in an accident
b
a person who studies buildings and other
objects that belonged to people in the past
c
a group of ships
d
the floor of a ship
e
things that are carried in a vehicle
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f
b
lines that you draw to help you add up
numbers
Example answers:
c
the study of the stars and planets
a
d
a group of stars
e
the study of the influence of the stars
on us
f
an interpretation of what will happen
to us based on astrology (the relative
positions of the planets and signs of
the zodiac)
a
Human beings are naturally curious –
they want to know why things happen.
b
Archaeologists find objects, such as
the clay tablets on which the people of
Babylon wrote, which tell us how they
saw the world. We can tell from the clay
tablets that the people of Babylon were
extremely organised.
c
It has four short vertical lines and a fifth
line running horizontally through the
other four.
d
They saw the universe as something
that they could interpret through facts
and figures.
e
You get the impression that they were very
intelligent and wanted to understand the
world around them.
c
a fashion for something that is very
popular for a short time
There were trade routes right across
the world.
There was a craze for coffee drinking in
the Ottoman Empire, when coffee became
a social activity.
Learner’s own answer
5.6 In ten years’ time …
3
Example answer: You get the impression that
Jen’s father is interested in technology, but that
Jen knows a lot more about it.
2
a I’ll be having; b we’ll be arriving; c won’t
be coming; d won’t be visiting; e Will we
be going; f will you be staying; g Will your
parents be coming
3
Example answers:
a
4
Jen says that voice recognition will be oldfashioned in ten years’ time.
b
She says that we’ll all be working from home.
c
She says we won’t be travelling in selfdriving cars. We’ll be travelling in personal
flying machines.
d
She says we’ll be wearing clothes made
from smart fabrics.
e
She ways we’ll all be eating plant-based food.
4
Example answer: William Bynum’s style
is light, easy to understand and engaging.
For example, he uses expressions such as,
‘It’s funny to think that …’; he refers to a
children’s game (Join the dots) to explain the
constellations; he tells us which sign of the
zodiac he is.
5
The topic is Ancient Egypt.
6
a
The people depended on the Nile for their
existence, because they grew crops on
its banks.
b
Hieroglyphs are word-pictures (‘pictorial
writing’). People didn’t know what they
meant because nobody used them for
about 2000 years.
Example answer: She said that it’s like a small
helicopter with four propellers.
Suggested caption: A personal flying machine
5
Learner’s own answer
5.9 Non-fiction
1
16
Example answers:
something you can eat
b
1
2
a
g
4
a container that is filled with objects from a
particular time, so that people in the future
will know what life was like at that time
Example answer: to write about science in
a simple and interesting way, so that people
could enjoy reading about scientific discoveries.
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c
d
7
Scholars could see the same text, a
proclamation, written in three languages
– hieroglyphics, Greek and (Egyptian)
demotics – so they were able to translate
them.
Learner’s own answer
Learner’s own answer
Check your progress
3
b
We can have a poster printed with the
details of the day.
c
We can have photos taken by a
professional photographer.
d
We can have music played by the school
orchestra.
e
We can have a tent put up in the school field.
a
Sophie will be studying medicine at the
University of Amsterdam.
b
Kishan will be working for a digital media
company in Seattle.
c
Tia will be teaching in / at a secondary
school in Rome.
d
Samuel will be playing football for
Toulouse Football Club.
General knowledge quiz
1
‘Video’ and ‘blogging’. Vlogging is using video
to create a blog.
2
The hashtag is used to show that messages
people have posted are part of a larger
conversation.
3
artificial Intelligence, the internet of things,
three-dimensional
4
porcelain
5
the Ottoman Empire
6
Mediterranean Sea
6.1 School rules
7
in the Ottoman Empire
1
8
It is the very latest development.
Possible answer: The school has strict
discipline and a lot of rules but the students
seem to be happy with that.
9
A French soldier found the Rosetta Stone in
1798, in a town near Rosetta, in the north
of Egypt.
2
a
Unit 6
The students have to walk quickly and in
single file in the corridors.
10 Three (hieroglyphics, Greek and Egyptian
demotics)
They have to walk on the right in the
corridors.
Vocabulary
1
a emoji; b spam; c selfie; d data
They mustn’t chat to each other during
lessons.
2
a social media; b screen time; c mouse mat;
d voice recognition; e self-driving cars
They have to sit up straight and look at
the teacher.
Use of English
They mustn’t look out of the window.
1
A programme of sports events will be sent.
They have to wear a school uniform.
Everyone will be given a chance to take part.
They mustn’t wear earphones or have a
mobile phone out in class.
Lunch and drinks will be provided.
b
It is strict and there are a lot of rules but
it makes things easier. You don’t waste
time and you learn better in class because
students aren’t interrupting.
c
The interviewer doesn’t give her own
opinions, but she does sound surprised
when the students say that if they haven’t
The top three athletes will be given prizes.
The prizes will be awarded by a well-known
local celebrity.
2
17
Any two of the following:
a
We can have T-shirts made with ‘Elmwood
School Sports Day’ on the back.
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got something they need for a lesson or
spend too long looking for it, they get into
trouble. She also asks if the students think
the school is too strict as though she might
have been expecting them to say that it is.
d
b
Both Eva and Mattias had seen how the
method worked well in business and in
hospitals.
c
They all had to sort their dirty clothes and
load the washing machine. They shared
chores such as loading the dishwasher.
d
To plan what everyone in the family would
be doing and to decide how to resolve
problems.
e
So that everyone knew what they had to do.
f
Yes, it has been successful. According to
Eva, the family’s home life is happier and
much more relaxed.
g
Learner’s own answer
a
It aims to avoid waste and make sure all
work is done efficiently.
b
Work practices need to be constantly
checked to make sure they are as efficient
as possible.
c
It involves all the employees in the method,
so that everyone works together to reach a
shared goal. Learner’s own answers
Learner’s own answers
3
Learner’s own answer
4
a are expected; b are not / aren’t allowed;
c is encouraged; d are expected
5
They’re expected to answer teachers politely.
They aren’t / They’re not allowed to chat to
each other in class.
They’re encouraged / expected to talk to visitors.
They aren’t / They’re not allowed to have a
mobile phone out in class.
4
They aren’t / They’re not supposed to
interrupt when someone else is speaking.
They aren’t / They’re not supposed to look out
of the window.
They’re expected to sit up straight.
They aren’t / They’re not allowed to talk in the
corridors.
6
Learner’s own answer
7
Learner’s own answer
6.3 House rules
1
Their families’ rules are similar.
2
a ban on (phones at the table) – you’re not
allowed to use your phone during family meals
6.2 Family life
1
2
a phone-free zone – phones are not allowed in
this area
Possible answer: It helped them to organise
their family life better and in a way that
involved every member of the family.
screen time – time spent looking at any device
that has a screen (phone, tablet, laptop, etc)
hectic – very busy
make your bed – tidy the covers and pillows
on your bed
household chores – jobs at home that need to
be done regularly
ask permission – ask if you can do something
strategy – a detailed plan
knots – pieces of string or rope tied together
pitch in – to start to do something together as
a group
3
3
a
i
No phones are allowed at the table.
ii Homework must be done as soon as
they get in from school.
resentment –the feeling of being annoyed
about having to accept something
iii They’re not allowed to put the TV
on or play video games until the
homework is done.
a
iv They mustn’t leave doors open.
The house was in chaos and everyone was
feeling stressed.
v Lights and computers should be
switched off when they’re not being used.
18
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b
Alisha: to go to a friend’s house, to stay
up late
Raheem: to buy something that’s quite
expensive
6.5 Rights and responsibilities
1
Learner’s own answer
2
work full-time / part-time
4
Learner’s own answer
leave home
5
Alisha is asking her mum if she can stay up
late to watch a football match and also if she
can make a pizza for supper.
get married
join the army
open a bank account
Raheem is asking his dad if he can go to a
friend’s house on Saturday morning and if he
can take the new table tennis bats and balls to
play with.
6
7
do jury service
give blood
a
Alisha asked if she could make a pizza.
3
Learner’s own answer
b
Raheem said they were going to play
table tennis.
4
Learner’s own answer
c
Raheem asked if he could take the new
balls to play with.
6.6 What happened?
1
Learner’s own answer
d
Raheem’s dad told him to bring them back.
2
Learner’s own answer
e
Raheem’s dad asked him what time he
was going.
3
a
I was cycling along the road when a car
door suddenly opened in front of me.
b
I was holding the handlebars with my
right hand when I hit the car door.
c
When the accident happened, I was
carrying my phone on a selfie stick.
Learner’s own answer
6.4 Doing the right thing
1
Possible answer: responsible, thoughtful
2
If she had looked more carefully at the bill, she
would have noticed that there was a mistake. c
d
The cyclist crashed into the door as I was
getting out of the car.
If we had seen someone drop the money in the
field, we would have known who to give it to. d
e
I was not paying attention when I opened
the door.
If only I had persuaded my friend to talk to
her parents or a teacher, she wouldn’t have got
so upset and missed school. a
f
I was going to get my bag from the back of
the car when a cyclist crashed into the door.
g
We were going to exchange names and
addresses, but a police officer arrived and
took statements from us and from two
witnesses.
h
I was going to send a video of my journey
to college to my friends in Germany, but
my phone got damaged in the accident.
If I had gone back to the café to explain the
problem, the waitress might have got into
trouble. b
3
4
19
a
Brandon’s dilemma: He would have
looked around to see if there was anyone
who might have dropped the money.
b
Rona’s dilemma: She would have tried to
persuade her friend to tell someone.
c
Bella’s dilemma: He would have phoned
the café when he got home to explain the
situation.
Learner’s own answer
6.7 Improve your writing
1
Isabel is writing to someone called Anisha.
It is implied that Anisha goes to a different
school, in a different country, because Isabel is
writing to her to find out about school rules in
other countries.
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2
a
quite formal but friendly
b
The last sentence in the opening
paragraph is particularly polite because
Isabel is asking
Anisha to help her by writing back with
answers to all the questions.
c
d
3
a
b
c
d
e
4
Isabel starts with ‘I’m looking forward
to hearing from you’, which sounds
friendly. Then she adds ‘I’d appreciate
any information you can send me’ to
sound polite.
The short paragraphs make the email
clear because they divide the questions up
according to the kinds of rules Isabel is
asking about.
Anisha answers all the questions except
one, which is that she doesn’t say what her
school uniform is like.
‘I think your project sounds very
interesting and I would be delighted to
answer your questions about my school.’
‘I hope my answers are helpful.’
Anisha says she hates being late for
school, so she always tries to arrive
early. She also gives her opinion about
what she would do if she saw someone
being bullied.
She has a positive and responsible attitude
towards her school.
6.9 Non-fiction
1
2
d
They made a gymnasium and weights,
and a badminton court.
e
They worked in two teams and drew up a
roster for chores that needed doing.
f
If there was a quarrel, they solved it by
having time-out, which allowed the boys
to calm down. Afterwards, the quarrellers
had to apologise to each other.
g
They sang songs and played a homemade
guitar to keep their spirits up.
Learner’s own answer
4
Learner’s own answer
5
Learner’s own answer
Check your progress
General knowledge quiz
1
tomato ketchup
2
in Sweden
3
The word kaizen is from Japanese and it
means ‘improvement’.
4
13
5
It means that you might only work a few days
of the week, or a few hours each week.
6
jury service
7
a witness
8
a bicycle
a
It’s non-fiction. It’s about recent and
historical events.
9
so that they can see what is around them and
beside them
b
It aims to show that humans are not
essentially selfish. It aims to give a positive
view of humanity by showing that in times
of crisis, people cooperate to survive.
10 a cyclist
Vocabulary
1
1 strict; 2 rules; 3 trouble; 4 detention; 5
respect; 6 behaviour; 7 bullying
They grew food in a vegetable garden and
kept chickens.
2
a make; b ask; c followed; d give; e leave;
f own; g got
They stored water in hollowed-out tree
trunks.
Use of English
c
Learner’s own answer
a
b
1
20
One of the boys lit a fire by rubbing two
sticks together and then they had a rota,
so that someone watched the fire all the
time to stop it going out.
3
Learner’s own answer
Learner’s own answer
c
a
We have a list for household chores and
everyone is expected to help out.
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2
b
We aren’t allowed / We’re not allowed to
have our phones at the table. It’s a phonefree zone.
c
He’s more confident. He gets on better
with people and he is able to make friends
more easily.
c
At school, we’re encouraged to learn to play
a musical instrument but it’s not compulsory.
d
She’s now in the school team.
d
I’m supposed to learn a poem for
homework this evening and so far, I’ve
only learned two lines.
e
Swimming reduces stress, so it’s helped
her during exam preparation.
f
They all wanted the training session to
continue.
g
It can teach you to work better with
others, build stronger relationships and
improve your communication skills.
Alina asked Carla to tell her about her school.
Carla asked Alina what she wanted to know.
Alina asked Carla if there were a lot of rules.
Carla said they had a few, for example, they
weren’t allowed to use mobile phones in the
classroom.
3
Learner’s own answer
4
a
had never thought
Alina said that was the same at her school.
b
had heard; hadn’t seen
Carla told Alina they had to wear a uniform.
c
had never seen
Alina said that they didn’t, but they couldn’t
wear jeans and things like that.
d
had been thinking
e
had only been playing
Carla said she didn’t mind wearing a uniform
because you didn’t have to think about what
you were going to put on in the morning.
3
If you had put your clothes in the washing
basket, I would have washed them for you. d
If the police had found the man’s fingerprints
at the scene of the crime, they would have
arrested him for burglary. b
5
7.2 Try this!
1
Learner’s own answer
2
Example answers:
If you hadn’t arrived late for class three times
this week, you wouldn’t have got a detention. c
a
Can you use your hands in sepak takraw?
b
What is the ball made of ?
c
How big is the court in sepak takraw?
If I hadn’t written my essay so quickly, I
wouldn’t have made so many spelling mistakes. e
d
If they had read the question more carefully,
they would have got the right answer. a
How many people are there on each team
in sepak takraw?
e
How is chinlone different from other
versions of sepak takraw?
Unit 7
f
How many players are there in each team
in kabaddi?
7.1 Team sports or individual
sports?
g
How long is a game of kabaddi?
h
What do the players chant when they
enter the opposing team’s half ?
I
How do you score points in kabaddi?
j
Where and when did kabaddi originate?
a
Learner’s own answer
b
Because the player must not take a breath
when he or she is in the opposing team’s half.
1
Emir: taekwondo, individual activity
Maya: swimming, both individual activity and
team sport
Linh: rugby, team sport
2
21
Learner’s own answer
3
a
14
b
When he was 9, he gave up taekwondo,
but when he was 12 he took it up again
and joined a club.
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4
Sepak takraw Kabaddi
Contact / Non- Non-contact
contact sport?
Contact
Competitive
/ Noncompetitive?
Both
Competitive
Teams, players
Two teams, 2
to 4 players
in each team
Two teams,
7 players in
each
Equipment
A rattan ball
and a net
None
Time limit?
No. The first 45 minutes
team to get 21
points wins.
Location
5
Indoors (on
a court) or
outdoors
Indoors or
outdoors
2
You might not be able to run faster but you may
be able to run further than the others.
Learners might also notice:
You might not be able to run as fast as the others.
That student was less stressed during the exam
period because she was doing yoga.
Matthew has a more balanced view than Judy.
He can see the advantages of both competitive
and non-competitive sport.
a better, more relaxed, more sociable;
b highest, fastest; c most valuable; d fast,
better, further / farther; e more concerned,
less satisfied
5
Learner’s own answer
a
7.4 Two competitions
c
d
e
22
Perhaps you’re better at (running) longer distances.
It’s natural for a child or a teenager to want to be
the best. Children did worse than other European
teenagers in tests to measure wellbeing.
4
b
3
We don’t want students to be put off because
they can’t compete with those who can jump the
highest or run the fastest. It’s more rewarding for
the students, and for their teachers, if they’re doing
something they enjoy. (Non-competitive sport) can
make students feel better about themselves.
Children in the UK are the least happy/most
unsatisfied in Europe.
Learner’s own answer
7.3 To compete or not
to compete?
1
Use of English:
Competitive sport teaches you resilience. It
challenges you to do your very best at all
times. It teaches you that if you lose, you’ve
got to pick yourself up and try again.
Judy said that all students should do
competitive sports. Then she says that
if you’re no good at competitive sports,
maybe competitive sports aren’t for you,
implying that you shouldn’t do them.
The presenter tries to be objective, but
he seems more convinced by Matthew’s
arguments than by Judy’s.
Matthew supports his views by referring to
the experience of a student he has taught, to
the conclusions of a national PE teacher’s
conference and to news reports. Judy
doesn’t support her views with evidence.
Judy is biased in what she says, because it
is only based on her personal opinion, not
on fact.
a ii; b i; c i; d ii; e ii
1
Learners repeat the words from the audioscript.
2
The baking competition hasn’t finished, but
the chess competition has.
3
a
It’s a TV show. Contestants aged between
9 and 15 compete for the title of the
country’s best young baker.
b
There are ten qualifying rounds, quarterfinals, semi-finals and the final.
c
It’s something the contestants make that is
very impressive.
d
A Rainforest Cake
e
Chinese New Year
f
three
g
It’s a way of deciding the result of a game
when both sides have equal points.
h
It’s made her confident and strong, and
taught her never to give up.
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Use of English: In reported speech the present
perfect and past perfect change to the past
perfect passive.
2
a
4
a had been given b had just been awarded
c had shown d had been played
She lived with her mother and her brothers.
Her mother took her for physical therapy
once a week when she was a child, to help
her to walk. She and her mother had to sit at
the back of the bus, not with white people,
and couldn’t go into most restaurants.
5
Learner’s own answer
She was very determined to succeed.
7.5 The art of photography
1
2
3
Example answer: It is a good introduction.
It tells you clearly what the aim of the Young
Photographer Awards is and who can enter it.
It uses positive words like ‘amazing’, ‘enjoy’
and ‘creative’.
She wanted to inspire and encourage
people to become athletes.
zoom lens, tripod, flash, silhouette,
background, out of focus
b
He was inspired by her example.
c
She shows that you should not give up.
d
It starts from her childhood and moves
forward in time.
Example answers:
a
A title and a description help the judges
to understand why you chose to take
the photo.
b
Use a tripod and a zoom lens.
c
Learner’s own answer
4
Learner’s own answer
5
Learner’s own answer
3
Time phrases
When she was born
Every week
Often
After years and years
After high school
Within four years
7.6 A towering achievement
(She was) later
1
Example caption: A human tower, nearly
complete
Wilma’s character
2
October, Spain, towers, community, drums
determination
3
a because; b As soon as; c not only … but also;
d until; e As; f in order to; g provided that
willpower
4
Learner’s own answer
5
Example caption: Some of the buffalo reach
speeds of 30 km an hour
grit
4
Learner’s own answer
5
Learner’s own answer
6
Learner’s own answer
6
Learner’s own answer
Check your progress
7
Learner’s own answer
General knowledge quiz
7.7 Improve your writing
1
It’s a game like volleyball. It originated in
Malaysia.
2
half-time
7.9 Non-fiction
3
kabaddi
1
4
the semi-final
5
tennis
1–8
23
She achieved far more than anyone could
have expected.
Learner’s own answer
Because it means the focus is on Wilma
Rudolph, not on the writer.
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6
chess
c
False. It hardly ever snows in the valleys.
7
Animals
d
True
8
zoom
e
9
Catalonia, Spain. Every October, there is a
festival in which people build human castles.
False. They have a lot of rain in spring
and there are storms from time to time
during the year.
f
True
g
True
h
True
10 Thailand
Vocabulary
1
a success; b confidence; c patience; d relaxation
2
a relaxed; b success; c patient; d confidence;
e strength
Use of English
1
a I’d been trying; b We’d been living; c had she
been waiting; d hadn’t/had not been feeling
2
a not as strong; b not as good; c less patient;
d ’m/am not as confident
3
a most important; b most difficult; c fastest;
d worst
4
Her contract with the Bolshoi Ballet was for
two years. She enjoyed her time in Moscow
and achieved great success, although she
missed her friends and family at home. She
told the director that she was thinking of going
home, in order to give him enough time to find
a replacement. However, he didn’t want her
to leave, so he persuaded her to stay, raising
her salary. She agreed, provided that she could
return home more frequently. As he was very
keen for her to stay, the director said that could
be arranged, and gave her a new contract.
6
Learner’s own answer
7
Learner’s own answer
8.2 Global warming and
climate change
1
global warming
2
a flood; b drought; c tornado; d hurricane
/ cyclone / typhoon; e heatwave; f the
atmosphere; g rays; h to evaporate; i moisture;
j reflected;
3
a
Because it is happening much more
frequently.
b
It has risen and five of the warmest years
have occurred since 2016.
c
More moisture evaporates into the air and
the extra moisture causes heavier rain,
more storms and floods.
d
It makes them even drier and can turn
them into deserts.
e
It helps control the heat passing to and
from the Earth, keeping it at the correct
temperature for animals, plants and humans.
f
CO2 and other gases (produced by
emissions from heating, cars and
other vehicles, and factories) make the
protective layer too thick so too much
heat is kept in the Earth’s atmosphere.
g
Learner’s own answer
h
Learner’s own answer
Unit 8
8.1 Let’s talk about the weather
24
1
1 c; 2 I; 3 g; 4 j; 5 f; 6 e; 7 a; 8 b; 9 h; 10 d
2
a heavy rain, frost; b strong winds; c sunny
intervals; d icy conditions; e light showers;
f coastal areas; g clear skies; h a good chance;
i high ground; j good news
4
3
Learner’s own answer
4
Learner’s own answer
5
a
True
b
False. It snows a lot in the mountains.
Possible answers:
A forest fire
There have always been forest fires from
time to time but recently, they have occurred
much more frequently. During periods of
hot weather, trees and other plants become
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very dry. Fires can easily start and spread
rapidly. Some areas of the world have had
more extreme heatwaves in recent years due to
global warming. Consequently, these areas are
more likely to have forest fires that are more
widespread and happen more often.
Ice melting in the Arctic
Much more ice in the Arctic is melting and it
is melting faster now due to global warming.
This is a problem for animals such as polar
bears and for people who live in Arctic areas.
It is also a problem for other areas of the
world because the melting ice, together with
heavier rainfall from storms, will lead to rising
sea levels. Coastal areas may be flooded and
some islands might disappear.
4
1
b
Learner’s own answer
a
Because she wants to avoid throwing away
non-biodegradable packaging.
b
She composts it.
c
She wants other people to cut down
on waste.
2
Both the videos are aiming to encourage
people to make changes in their daily life
in order to cut down on waste, particularly
plastic, (because plastic can take up to 500
years to decompose).
3
Possible answers:
Aisha – waste
Raashid – depletion of resources
Aisha would be interested in the
‘Swapping fast fashion for a sustainable
wardrobe’ story because she is concerned
about waste and about looking after
things and not throwing so much away.
8.4 Zero waste
8.3 I’m very concerned about …
1
a
Sana – climate change
a
This is deodorant in cardboard
packaging.
b
These are a (reusable)shopping bag and a
(reusable) water bottle.
c
This is a reusable food container.
d
This is a shampoo bar.
e
These are bamboo toothbrushes.
Vinesh – non-renewable energy sources
2
a Raashid; b Vinesh; c Aisha; d Sana
3
Suggested answers:
Raashid is concerned about consuming too
much and using up resources like precious
metals. He says that people want the newest
laptops and phones and then they just throw
away the old ones.
Aisha is concerned about waste. She says we
need to cut down on the number of things
we throw away, particularly plastic because
it contaminates the oceans and rivers and is
wiping out fish and other species. She says we
should look after the things we have so that we
don’t buy things and then throw them away.
Sana is worried about global warming because
the Earth’s temperature is going up and it’s
not going to cool down. She wants to call for
action on reducing global warming before it’s
too late.
Vinesh is worried that the world is using up
non-renewable energy sources, such as coal,
oil and gas, and that we will run out of energy.
He says we need to produce much more energy
from renewable sources.
25
4
Possible answers:
a
Choose products without packaging or
that come in biodegradable packaging
such as cardboard or paper. Always take a
reusable shopping bag with you.
b
They’re not packaged in plastic
(deodorant, shampoo bar) or because
they stop you needing to use plastic
(shopping bag, water bottle, food
container, bamboo toothbrushes).
c
Plastic takes hundreds of years to
decompose, and plastic waste in rivers and
oceans is contaminating the water and
killing fish and other species.
d
kitchen waste, such as vegetable peelings
and coffee grains, and also cardboard
and paper
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e
It doesn’t come in a plastic bottle and it’s
easy to take with you on holiday.
f
There’s no plastic packaging and it lasts a
long time.
pedestrianised zones S
f
low-emissions zones S
g
being socially and economically
sustainable S
5
a reducing; b buying; c using; d making;
e recycling
h
carbon neutral buildings N
6
Learner’s own answer
i
renewable energy N
j
urban forests N
8.5 Living and growing
3
a electric, air quality; b public transport
systems; c pedestrianised, sustainable;
d trees, carbon dioxide, water; e health
4
a
We’re going to discuss cities that are
aiming to become more sustainable.
b
Trees planted near rivers can reduce
flooding.
c
They absorb a lot of carbon dioxide.
leafy green vegetables, soft fruits, herbs
and salad crops
d
Contact with the natural world is
important for health and well-being.
c
for vertical farming
e
d
Those who have access to parks and green
spaces tend to be happier.
Plants are grown inside without soil and
receive the correct amount of light, water
and nutrients.
1
Growing food in cities
2
a
to find another use for – repurpose
b
a small area of land, (here) for growing
food – a plot
c
a chemical substance used to kill viruses
or insects on plants – pesticide
a
Shanghai, Singapore, Rotterdam, Paris
b
3
4
e
Food does not need to be transported so far.
f
The supply chain is simpler, so food is
delivered quickly to consumers and is still
fresh when it arrives.
1
2
5
Learner’s own answer
6
Learner’s own answer
8.7 Improve your writing
1
On fire b
Getting hotter more quickly in Australia d
g
on floating islands
h
They knew that growing crops such as
beans was good for the soil, and that the
large leaves of plants such as squash kept
moisture in and weeds out.
Learner’s own answer
8.6 The air we breathe
26
e
She helps him to prepare for a class discussion
about making cities sustainable for the future
by giving him ideas to include.
Summer heatwave a
Then the rain came c
2
Possible answers:
a
It uses dramatic words.
b
The key information is divided up and
given in chronological order.
c
formal and factual
d
The writer gives facts that include dates,
temperature and weather conditions.
e
The quote is from someone who witnessed
the events, so it makes the report real.
a
electric vehicles S
b
air quality N
c
public transport systems S
f
no
d
cycle routes S
g
in a newspaper or magazine
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3
h
Yes, because it shows how dry the ground
is as a result of the heat and lack of rain.
i
It links the picture to the information in
the report.
air, which then causes heavier rainfall, more
storms and floods
5
They are making the layer of gases
surrounding the Earth too thick, which stops
heat escaping.
Learner’s own answer
6
It decomposes.
8.9 Poetry
7
reducing waste
1
Learner’s own answer
8
growing food inside using hydroponics
2
Possible answers:
9
Mexico City
a
This is to emphasise that human activity
will slow down. The sounds of the words,
cease, slow down, stay are soft.
10 corn, beans and squash
It’s repeated to emphasise that people will
stop moving around and being busy and
will have time to reassess their values.
1
1 b; 2 e; 3 h; 4 f; 5 a; 6 d; 7 g; 8 c
2
a pedestrianised zones; b renewable energy;
c cycle routes; d air quality; e electric vehicles
b
c
3
Vocabulary
She says this so that we reconnect with
the Earth.
Use of English
d
It shows the importance of the natural world.
1
a on; b out; c after; d out; e down
e
Air travel and consumption are human
activities that damage the environment.
2
1 reducing; 2 trying; 3 reminding; 4 taking;
5 making; 6 doing
f
‘The concrete belt’ refers to the built
environment of cities and roads that harm
the natural world.
3
a uses; b are; c help; d reduces; e has
Possible answers:
a
Learner’s own answer
b
moonlight – midnight, fair- everywhere,
sending – lending, high – sky
c
The regular rhythm gives an impression or
peace and calm.
d
The trees are visible in the moonlight.
e
She wants to describe the beauty of a
moonlit summer night.
Unit 9
9.1 I’d like to be …
1
Most UK teenagers want to work in art and
culture, entertainment and sport. The least
popular jobs are in mining and quarrying.
2
Abbas is inconsistent in what he says. At
first, he says that he would like a job in
the arts and that he would take the risk of
being in a job that wasn’t very secure, such
as acting or film-making. However, at the
end of the conversation, he says he would
like to be a manager of an energy company,
because he wouldn’t have to worry about
being unemployed. Esme points out Abbas’s
inconsistency, and she might continue the
conversation by reminding him of what he
said previously.
3
a
I’ve got a French friend who works for an
international bank.
b
I’d like to be a doctor, which is the career
both my parents chose.
Check your progress
General knowledge quiz
27
1
higher than normal temperatures lasting for
several days
2
a tornado
3
The effects of drought because of global
warming
4
Warmer temperatures make the oceans
warmer, so more moisture evaporate into the
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c
d
4
My uncle works for a transportation
and logistics company which / that helps
people move to another country when
they get a new job.
doctors
Working in a museum could be
interesting, but you’d be in one room all
day, which could be quite boring.
accountants
people who look after others
teachers
Example answers:
people who work for the government
Esme
health workers
people who work in an art gallery or a
museum
people who work in local government
film-maker
firefighters
sports journalist
car mechanic
lawyer
security guards
scientists
builders
people who work in laboratories
estate agents
teachers
farmers
people who work for a bank
builders and engineers
people who look after forests and national
parks
people who work for newspapers, radio,
television, internet companies
people who work at factories where they make
cars
wholesalers
water, sewerage and waste management
retailers
a manager of an energy company
people who work as personal assistants to
managers
people who work for electricity companies
people who work in the property market
hotels and restaurants
people who work in the steel industry
people who organise deliveries of things you
order online
people who work in a mine or a quarry
Abbas
people who work in entertainment
actor
film-maker
a job in the arts
professional footballer
28
nurses
police officers
5
Learner’s own answer
6
Learner’s own answer
9.2 I’m over the moon!
1
Taylor Swift and Vitoria Mario
2
Example answer: Eighteen-year-old Vitoria
Mario wanted to study maths at university
but accommodation and general living costs
were too high. Her family couldn’t afford to
support her and she couldn’t get a student
loan. She tried hard to raise money by
emailing 442 people, but without success. She
decided to set up a fundraising page on the
internet, explaining that it was an important
chance for social mobility for her and her
family, and for people like her. Out of the
blue, singer-songwriter Taylor Swift contacted
her and donated the rest of her goal amount.
Vitoria was over the moon. She wants to
create a charity to help people like her.
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CAMBRIDGE GLOBAL ENGLISH 9: LEARNER’S BOOK ANSWERS
3
Example answers:
it was a remarkable achievement
a
She couldn’t afford to go to university.
a team player
b
buying food, paying bills, going out
with friends
to look the part
c
Taylor Swift was impressed by Vitoria’s
determination to achieve her dream.
d
She started with very little and didn’t get
any responses to her original efforts to
raise money. She didn’t give up, and she is
now able to go to university.
e
The journalist is impressed by Vitoria.
4
Learner’s own answer
from our point of view
5
I could see a man walking towards
the café.
b
The other people working in that
department are young.
c
She worked for a publishing company
specialising in art books.
d
She was the one wearing jeans and a
leather jacket.
Language tip: out of the blue – without
warning, unexpectedly; over the moon –
extremely happy
6
9.3 Would you be good at …?
1
Tegla Loroupe is a Kenyan athlete. She is the
focus of the podcast because she has made a
difference to the lives of other people. As well
as being a world champion and a marathon
record holder, she is an ambassador for peace
and a mentor for the Olympic Refugee Team.
2
An ambassador is someone who officially
represents a country, or an organisation. c
1
Example answer: They are about the same
incident.
2
Example answer: Yes, the students can detect
bias in A’s statement. One student says, ‘Looks
like stereotyping going on here.’
3
Example answer: You can detect bias in what
Karina says. She clearly liked Candidate A
and didn’t like the other two candidates, even
though Candidate A doesn’t have a lot of
experience.
4
A mentor is someone who gives another
person help and advice over a period of time. a
A refugee is someone who has had to leave
their country to escape from conflict or for
economic reasons. d
Collocations from Exercise 1:
A world champion is someone who has beaten
all other competitors in a sport. b
to go right up to someone
to have a heated argument with someone
to point your finger at
the man lost his balance
to go about your business
up to that point
to shrug your shoulders
Collocations from Exercise 3:
we’ve got a shortlist of three candidates
he’s got great personal charm
he’s a digital native
Learner’s own answer
9.4 Achieving your dreams
to make your way home
29
a
3
Possible answer: Tegla Loroupe is from a small
village in Kenya. From the age of 6, she ran
10 kilometres to get to school. She won races at
school against older students and she decided
she wanted to be a runner. Nobody thought
she would be a good athlete because she was
so small. She ran in bare feet because she
didn’t have enough money for running shoes.
She won the first marathon she entered, the
New York Marathon. She has been a world
champion and world record holder. She is an
ambassador for peace and organised Peace
Marathons in Kenya, Uganda and Sudan.
She persuaded leaders and members of
different tribes to take part. This helped to stop
many conflicts. She is also a mentor for the
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system, but since no evidence is mentioned for
this, it’s an opinion rather than a fact.
athletes in the Refugee Olympic Team, helping
with their training and at the Olympics.
4
Yusra: boat, Germany, swimming, Syria
2
a
The brains releases chemicals, such
as dopamine, serotonin, oxytocin and
endorphins, in response to positive
experiences.
b
It raises blood pressure and blood
sugar levels. It can also weaken the
immune system.
c
You can use controlled breathing and
relaxation to reduce stress and anxiety.
You can reduce your heart rate and lower
your blood pressure by smiling.
d
Planning your future by visualising
your ideas or writing them down can
raise your self-esteem and make you feel
more positive.
e
Value the positive aspects of your life and
avoid being too self-critical.
f
You should avoid getting into the habit of
complaining about people or situations.
Aker: Austria, German, Iraq, scholarship,
wrestling
5
6
7
a
Syria
b
They were escaping from conflict. They
were crossing the sea in a boat with other
refugees. The boat started to sink, so
Yusra, her sister and two others jumped
out and swam beside the boat to guide
it to safety. They saved the lives of
20 people.
c
Germany
d
She joined the Refugee Olympic Team.
e
Aker Al Obaidi is from Iraq and he left to
escape conflict there.
f
Austria
g
wrestling
h
It has given him a scholarship.
3
Learner’s own answer
i
They want to show that refugees, those
who have to leave their countries, can
achieve great success.
4
Learner’s own answer
a
Aker said he had made some good friends
in Austria.
b
Yusra said the journey had been / was
very hard.
c
Aker said he had been given a scholarship
by the IOC.
d
Yusra said she was enjoying life in
Germany but she missed her home
country.
e
Aker said he had been taking part in
wrestling matches before he left Iraq.
9.6 Young achievers
1
a
They have achieved things that most
people their age haven’t done.
b
Learner’s own answer
c
Learner’s own answer
2
Learner’s own answer
3
The presentation is about success and
achievement.
Indah is surprised that Reza is nervous about
talking in public.
4
a
They talk about the teenagers because
they want to mention young achievers
in their presentation. They think the
teenagers are all remarkable for what they
have achieved at such a young age.
b
Passing her maths exam at the end of the
year has been a big achievement and she
feels very proud of that.
c
giving the presentation
Learner’s own answer
9.5 The power of the mind
1
30
Possible answer: It’s a mixture of fact and
opinion. The writer refers to facts from studies
about inherited traits, about smiling reducing
heart rate and lowering blood pressure, and
about future planning and self-esteem. The
writer also mentions that researchers ‘believe’
that negative emotions can weaken the immune
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d
5
a annoyed with; b kind / nice of; c free from;
d nervous / worried / concerned about
6
Learner’s own answer
4
Learner’s own answer
5
Learner’s own answer
Check your progress
General knowledge quiz
1
Law
9.7 Improve your writing
2
They sell things in a shop.
1
Learner’s own answer
3
2
Learner’s own answer
She donated money so that a teenage girl from
London could study at university.
3
Free-time activities 2; People you know 5;
Studies and work 1; Talents and ambitions 4;
Trips to other countries 3
4
You select people for jobs.
5
She is a Kenyan athlete and she has organised
Peace Marathons to bring leaders together
and resolve conflicts.
6
German
7
They are chemicals released by the brain in
response to positive experiences.
9.9 Fiction
8
Immune system
1
9
Olympic
4
Learner’s own answer
5
Learner’s own answer
7
Learner’s own answer
2
She is worried that the family hasn’t got
enough money and that they won’t be able to
pay school fees for their daughter, Rashida.
a
b
3
They are talking about not having enough
money and wishing that one of their
daughters had been a son.
A boy could have earned money for the
family by working with the rickshaw while
his father took a rest. Naima may feel
this is unfair and be upset or hurt by her
mother’s comment. Explore learner’s own
answers.
c
He is very proud of them.
d
Rashida is younger than Naima. Their
father says that Naima takes care of
Rashida ‘like guarding a tiger cub’.
e
She means that making alpanas doesn’t
earn money.
f
Her mother has said that making alpanas
is not useful, so she feels upset that her
skill is not valued.
g
31
Achievement isn’t always something you’re
really good at. Sometimes, an achievement
is something you’ve worked really hard for.
No, in the story Naima resents the
fact that girls are only supposed to do
household chores, not work that brings in
money. Explore learner’s own answers.
10 rickshaw
Vocabulary
1
1 b; 2 d; 3 a; 4 c; 5 e
2
a optimistic; b brave; c curious; d determined;
e unusual; f confident; g creative
Use of English
1
Maia said she’d been thinking about jobs
recently, because it was time to choose her
options for Year 10. She said her mum had
found a survey online about jobs. Maia said
she had been thinking about social work,
because she wanted to do something useful.
Her mum said that could be quite hard and
that it wasn’t well paid, so now she was
thinking about a career in medicine. She
said she wanted to do a job in which she was
helping people.
2
a about; b of; c with; d with; e to, for; f about
3
a
who work and working
b
showing and which shows
c
who was parking and parking
d
hoping and who is hoping
Learner’s own answer
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