2022 International Conference on Advancement in Electrical and Electronic Engineering
24-26 February, 2022, Gazipur, Bangladesh
P-103
A Secure Automated Level Crossing and Train
Detection System for Bangladesh Railway
Khandakar Rabbi Ahmed
Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering.
International University of Business Agriculture and Technology
Dhaka, Bangladesh
khandakarrabbiahmed@gmail.com
Md Alomgir Hossain
Dept. of Computer Science &Engineering
International University of Business Agriculture and Technology
Dhaka, Bangladesh
alomgir.hossain@iubat.edu
Afroza Akter
Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering.
International University of Business Agriculture and Technology
Dhaka, Bangladesh
nazninmukta79@gmail.com
Lamia Akthar
Dept. of Computer Science &Engineering.
International University of Business Agriculture and Technology
Dhaka, Bangladesh
jarinnur5@gmail.com
Abstract— This research focuses on secure automating the
level crossing and tracking the train using a microcontroller and
a train detection system. An important issue in Bangladesh's
railway transportation is the level crossings bar controlling
system. The bars are presently manually adjusted in
Bangladeshi railways. As soon as the train arrives, the bar
lineman will know. On the basis of that data, they will close and
re-open the A lineman's irresponsibility is a big issue. An
automated railway gate control system can prevent this by
automatically closing or opening the bar as a train arrives or
departs. In normal operation, the sensors close the bars when a
train is spotted and open them after it departs. Trains, however,
will be GPS-tracked. The passengers and railroad authorities
could track it. Each train has its own code. With the code,
passengers can communicate with the train tracking system. In
order to avoid collisions, the authority and train driver might be
alerted.
Keywords—Automated level crossing, Train detection, Sensor,
Real-time, Reduce Accidents, IoT-based, Safety.
I. INTRODUCTION
From July 2007 to June 2017, Bangladesh Railway
reported 1,546 train-related casualties, including 365 deaths
and 1,181 injuries. Bangladesh Railway is still using 19thcentury signaling and operation technology in the 21st
century. In Bangladesh, there are 1184 (80%) permitted level
crossings without gatekeepers. Currently, 0.88 level crossings
per route km.
As the railway is one of the best forms of transportation.
it also faces numerous obstacles as a result of human mistakes,
such as level cross accidents, collisions due to defective track,
and so on. A grade crossing or the intersection of a road and a
railway line necessitates human coordination, which is lacking
in many cases, resulting in accidents. Additionally, the most
significant disadvantage of railway analysis is the
identification of the train within the area. If this flaw isn't
addressed early on, it could lead to a slew of mishaps that
result in significant loss of life and property.
This device, which makes use of an ATmega328P
microprocessor, is designed to prevent railway accidents at
level crossings. The microprocessor controls the entire
978-1-6654-6944-9/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE
function, including sensing, shutting, and opening the bars.
The sensors installed at a precise distance from the gate detect
the incoming train and control the operation of the bar as a
train approaches the railway crossing from either direction.
The main purpose of this system is to detect trains in realtime as well as to automate level crossing between railroad
and highway for decreasing railroad-related accidents and
increasing safety.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
ACYM.Kottalil [1] they're worked with the level crossing
replacement of the gates operated by the gatekeeper by police
investigation train and stuck on. The system detects the train
and stuck by analyzing the mirrored waves, produces alarm,
controls lightweight signal AND circuit. In [8] provide
protection at unmanned railway crossings and detect defective
tracks the unmanned intersection is based on infrared sensors,
and crack detection could be a dynamic solution that
incorporates the use of a GPS (global positioning system)
module to assemble geographical coordinates. A model road
and road model with a machine-controlled railway crossway
gate dominant mechanism have been designed and enforced.
At the train’s junction arrival and departure facet, a gaggle of
photoelectric sensors unit strategically placed [9].
the arrival or departure of the train close to the crossway
determines the gap or closing of the amount crossing gate
mechanically with the assistance of IR device and sign (i.e.,
Buzzer sound) at level crossings. In [7] the planned sensing
system ought to be ready to observe and localize specific
objects (e.g., pedestrians, bicycles, and vehicles at crossway
areas.) The measuring instrument system is in addition
mentioned for a “two out of two” logic interlocking system
simply just in case of fail-mechanism. A Microcontroller
PIC16F84A was used to control the entire operation of this
project [10]. The train's arrival and departure are detected by
two infrared sensors. The IR device sends a signal to the
Microcontroller, which in turn sends the signal to the DC
motor, which rotates in response to the demand.
After literature reviewing realized different researchers
implement level crossing systems. there is still a lack of a
smart system for both real-time train location detection and
automated level crossings. which will work without human
interaction. in this paper, details of both systems are
presented. This wonderful endeavor is opulent, dependable,
safe, and cost-effective.
III. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY
This proposed system user will be able to get the update of
the train location where the train will be tracked using GPS.
We are using a sensor and microcontroller. The sensor will
detect the arrival and departure of trains and the
microcontroller used to operate the bars at the railway level
crossing.
•
The level crossing features a microprocessor that
receives signals from sensors and opens and
closes the gate based on the signal received.
•
When a train comes to the arrival point of the
Sonar sensor, it will sense the arrival of the train
and check if there are any vehicles between the
bars or not. If any then it will activate the buzzer
and the bars will not be closed. Otherwise, it will
send a signal at the level crossing, and at the same
time closing of the bars will close.
•
In the same way, the fig-3.1 shows [6] the
flowchart of the program. when a train arrives at
the departure point, the departure sonar sensor
detects the train's departure and sends a signal to
the level crossing, causing the bars to open.
The major components used in the research are:
A. Implementation of Servo motor
Fig-3.3 is a servo motor commonly [1]utilized in industrial
applications like automation[6] [10] technologies. It's a selfcontained mechanism that spins machine parts quickly and
precisely. This motor's output shaft will be angled. We have
implemented it for closing and Re-opening the bar through the
Arduino Uno.
Fig-3.3: Servo Motor
B. Implementation of Arduino Uno
Fig-3.4 shows, the heart of our project. The Arduino Uno
ATmega328P powered[8] [6] Arduino Uno[1] is an ASCII
document microcontroller [4] board. I/O pins for attaching
expansion boards (shields) and other circuitry are available on
the board. These boards are programmed using the Arduino
[10] IDE through a USB type B connector. Input voltage
ranges from 7 to 20 volts via a USB cable or an external 9-volt
battery.
Fig-3.4: Microcontroller (Arduino Uno)
Fig-3.1: Flowchart of Program
•
C. Implementation of Sonar sensors
Fig-3.5 shows a Sonar sensor, [4] which uses radio waves
to communicate [7] with an antenna/reader. The energy
activates the chip, which modulates it with the data and sends
it back to the antenna/reader. ASDIC employs magnetic fields
to establish and track things' tags. The tag communicates
digital information back to the reader when triggered by a
magnetic attraction interrogation pulse from a nearby asdic
reader device.it is connected with the Arduino Uno for
detecting the train arrival and departure.
From fig-3.2 we got the structural view of that
system. To know the location of the train, the user
should give a message by train code. After
sending a message through GSM[3], the user gets
a reply with a link. that link shows the location
of the train in real-time.
Fig-3.5: Sonar Sensor
D. Implementation of GSM
Fig-3.6 illustrates The Global System for Mobile
Communications(GSM) [3] module. which is a small
GSM electronic device that may be integrated into a wide
range of IoT devices. we are using this module to send
SMS text messages, for detecting the train.
Fig-3.2: Flowchart of the System
Figure 5.1 illustrates that as a train approaches the arrival
point of the Sonar sensor, it detects the train and checks if any
vehicles are between the bars. If any, the buzzer will sound
and the bars will not close. If not, it will automatically close
the bars and send a signal to the level crossing.
Fig-3.6: GSM
E. Implementation of PCB
Fig-3.6 illustrates A computer circuit board or PCB. it is
employed to automatically[10] support and electrically
connect electronic parts victimization conductive
pathways, tracks, or signal traces engraved from copper
sheets laminated onto a non-conductive substrate.
Fig-3.7: PCB
F. Implementation of Node MCU
Fig-3.8 shows Node MCU. it is an LUA code written in
ASCII for the ESP8266 LAN chip. Node MCU code
comes with the ESP8266 Development board/kit Node
MCU [3] Development board. it sends the train data
transferring to the user using the Wi-Fi protocol.
Fig-5.1: The bar closes automatically by detecting a train.
As shown in Figure 5.2, when the train arrives at the departure
point (Departure sonar sensor), the sonar sensor detects the
train's departure and sends a signal to the level crossing, which
opens the bars.
Fig-3.8: Node MCU
IV. WORKING PROCEDURE
In our system, the tracking part work like that, in the
tracking part we are using GPS and GSM. GPS track the
locations and longitude, longitude collect the locations keep it
GSM. When the user hits the GSM by SMS then GSM sends
the google map location link. After clicking the link user can
see the train's exact location. Every train will have one track
device.
Fig-5.2: The bar opens automatically when the train left.
Figure 5.3 represents the current location as text. We're
utilizing GPS to track real-time movements here. Longitude
collects the locations and sends them to GSM through SMS;
GPS tracks the locations and longitude; GPS tracks the
locations and longitude; longitude collects the locations and
sends them to GSM via SMS. The Google Maps location URL
is then sent by GSM.
On the train track, have to keep that sonar sensor have two
heads one is trying which one sends the sound and that sound
receive the eco, after receiving sound eco detect the object and
send a signal to the Nano that detects any object and Nano
send a signal to the servo. After getting the signal servo to get
down the bar. In this way, Nano sends the signal. When the
signal is out of range time Nano sends a signal to the servo
that gets up the bar.
V. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
In our country, the railway accident rate is increasing day
by day. This accident we can’t stop but we can control the
systems or we can change the systems. this research paper is
divided into two parts one is automated level crossing another
is a train detection system.
Fig-5.3: Real-Time Train location using GSM via text
Figure 5.4 represents the user being able to see the train's
actual location on a Google map after clicking the offered
link in that text. which is accurate, quick, dependable, and
secure.
VIII. FUTURE SCOPE OF WORK
In our system, we are focused on the level crossing where
is no notification facility. Train location gets from the message
if there is a server for train detection that it will be more
helpful to get any train location which takes our less time.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors like to express their gratitude to the
International University of Business, Agriculture, and
Technology (IUBAT), Sector-10, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka,
Bangladesh, for their invaluable assistance.
REFERENCES
[1]
[2]
Fig-5.4: Real-Time Train location using GSM via google map
VI. LIMITATIONS OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM
•
Sometimes it's detected the garbage value.
•
After detecting an object, it can send any
notification.
•
Due to the use of IR. Its range is Limited,
supporting a shorter range. it Can be affected by
environmental conditions such as rain, fog, dust,
pollution, sunlight, smoke, etc.
•
Range limitation in Train detection to use of
Sonar Sensor.
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
VII. CONCLUSION
This system will give a new face to Bangladesh's Railway.
Which is more secure and smarter than a manual system. This
system work in two way one is, it will track the train and the
other is an automated level crossing system. In our proposed
system the cost, accident rate will be lower than before. The
accident rate is more than 50% on the traditional system but
in our system, the accuracy rate will be high. In our system
every time it detects the train accurately on time and closes the
bar and after the train departs the train the accuracy rate is
90%. The accident rate must be lower than before.
ACYM.Kottalil, AbhijithS2, Ajmal MM3, Abhilash L J .4, Ajith Bab,
“Automatic Railway Gate system, ’International Journal of Advanced
analysis in Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering,Vol. 3, Issue 2,
Feb 2014
AtulKr.Dewangan ,Meenu Gupta and Pratibhapatel , “Automation of
railway gate control Using Frequency Modulation Technique,’’
International Journal of Electrical, Electronic communication
Engineering, vol 2(9),pp-288-298,2012
Beach, T. L., & Kintner, P. M. (2001). Development and use of a GPS
ionospheric scintillation monitor. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience
and Remote Sensing, 39(5), 918–928. doi:10.1109/36.921409
Dr.S.Anila1, B.Saranya2, G.Kiruthikamani3, P.Devi41Associate
Professor, 2,3,4Assistant Professor, Department of ECE, SRIT,
Coimbatore, India “INTELLIGENT SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATIC
RAILWAY
GATE
CONTROLLING
AND
OBSTACLE
DETECTION”
E Amarnatha Reddy, IlaiahKavati, K SrinivasRao, G Kiran Kumar,
(2016)” A Secure Railway Cross- in System victimization".
Karthik Krishnamurthi, Monica Bobby, Vidya V, & Baby, E.
(2015).Sensor-based automatic control of railway gates.International
Journal of Advanced analysis in computer Engineering & Technology
(IJARCET), 4(2), 539-543.
Muhammad Asad Bilal Fayyaz and Christopher Johnson. Department
of Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Object Detection
at Level Crossing Using Deep Learning”
Nithiyananthan, K., Kumaar, G. S., Srimathi, M., Priyadharshini, R.,
Jebaraj, J. S., &Somasundaram, T. (2017). Development of Prototype
Model for an Automatic Door Closure for Railway Gates. Frontiers:
Journal of Social, Technological and Environmental Science, USA, 6,
37-46.
[9] RumanaTasnim and KamruzzamanSarkar and Md. Ismail Mahmud
and Mohammad Ali and Md. Tarikul Islam, “Development of an
Automated Railway Level Crossing Gate Control System using PLC”
Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering
and Operations Management Bangkok, Thailand, March 5-7, 2019
[10] Subrata Biswas, Rafiul Hoque Bhuiyan, SamiulHoque, RobiulHasan,
TanzilaNusrat Khan(Department of Electrical and Electronic
Engineering, American International University-Bangladesh, Dhaka,
Bangladesh)"Pressure Sensed Fast Response Anti-Collision System for
Automated Railway Gate Control"