Pak-Turk Maarif International Schools and Colleges
Name: ____________________
Class __________
Date ________________
Material and Cycles on Earth
Why does climate stay the same over many years, while weather changes daily?
How does the atmosphere protect life on Earth?
Why do different parts of the Earth have different climates?
What causes the Earth to shift between ice ages and warmer periods?
How do greenhouse gases cause the Earth to warm up?
How did scientists discover that atoms are made of even smaller parts?
Scientists find evidence of glaciers in areas that are now deserts. What does this
tell us about Earth’s climate in the past?
A factory near a school is releasing smoke. The students notice the air feels
warmer and heavy. Could this be related to global warming? Explain.
You read in the news that glaciers are melting faster than before. What might be
the effect of this on people and the environment?
What evidence led scientists to believe that atoms exist? How did models of the
atom change over time?
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words from the word bank below:
(atoms, Democritus, atomic, electron, Rutherford, nucleus, atom, increase,
greenhouse, methane, greenhouse, fossil, trees, plastic, ice age, glacial, interglacial,
ice cores, solar, climate)
The idea that everything is made of tiny, invisible particles called __________ was
first suggested by Greek philosopher __________. Later, John Dalton proposed the
__________ theory of matter. Scientists like J.J. Thomson discovered the
__________, a negatively charged particle inside the atom. Ernest __________
showed that atoms have a dense __________. Over time, these discoveries helped
scientists develop the modern model of the __________.
Global warming is the gradual __________ in Earth’s average temperature, mainly
caused by the increase of __________ gases like carbon dioxide and __________.
These gases trap heat in the atmosphere through the __________ effect. Human
activities such as burning __________ fuels and deforestation contribute to this
problem. Some ways to reduce global warming include using renewable energy,
planting more __________, and reducing __________ waste.
An __________ is a period when large parts of the Earth were covered with ice.
These colder times are called __________ periods. Warmer intervals between ice
ages are called __________ periods. Scientists study __________, tree rings, and
sediments to understand past climates. Changes in Earth’s orbit, volcanic activity,
and __________ output can all contribute to shifts in the Earth’s __________.