1. Darwin's primary mission on the HMS Beagle was to: expand the Navy's knowledge of natural
resources around the world.
2. Which of the following is not an example of artificial selection? different styles of potatoes:
fried, mashed, baked, etc.
3. Wings of insects and birds are result of convergent evolution. This means that: insects and birds
have each independently evolved structures that serve the same function (flight) but have done
so in very different ways.
4. The theory of evolution is supported by which of the following evidence: biochemical similarities
among all living things, anatomical evidence like homologous and vestigial structures,
biogeography of the distribution of organisms on Earth, the fossil record
5. The wing of a penguin and the wing of an eagle are: homologous structures.
6. Fitness refers to: reproductive success.
7. When comparing chick and pig embryos, the similar eyes, pharyngeal pouches, and post-anal
tails are evidence of ___________.common ancestry
8. The fact that DNA is the molecule containing the genetic code for all life on Earth is a part of:
biochemical evidence.
9. Tortoises in the Galapagos possessed neck lengths unique to each island. Neck lengths appear to
be an adaptation to which selective agent? type of vegetation available to eat
10. A female peacock chooses a male as a mate based on his showy plumage and courtship dance.
This is an example of sexual selection.
11. British land snails primarily occur in two extreme phenotypes. This is an example of disruptive
selection.
12. If the average leg size of a reptile continually got smaller through generations, this would be an
example of: directional selection.
13. If a population recovers to its original population size after experiencing a bottleneck, which
statement is correct regarding this population? The recovered population shows less genetic
diversity than the population prior to the bottleneck.
14. If the survivors of an original population survived due to specific phenotypes that they
possessed, then this event is an example of: natural selection.
15. The shift in body weight of sociable weaver birds towards an intermediate body weight is an
example of _____ selection(s). stabilizing
16. What might occur in moth populations if pollution from industry was cleaned up, and the color
of tree bark returned to its natural color? Birds would now see the dark moths easier than the
lighter color moths.
17. Why does the malaria disease persist in the human population? Multiple phenotypes survive in
a balanced polymorphism.
18. _____ is (are) the ultimate source of new variation in a population. Mutations
19. The usage of the insecticide DDT to control mosquitos resulted in, directional selection to
insecticide resistance in the insects.
20. The pollen from a red maple is unable to fertilize the eggs from a sugar maple. This is an
example of what type of isolating mechanism? gamete isolation
21. Which of the following is not a prezygotic isolating mechanism for two species found in the
same geographical location? The two species can mate, but the offspring are sterile.
22. prezygotic isolating mechanisms:The two species occupy different habitats. The two species are
active during different parts of the day. The two species mate during different times of the year.
The two species have incompatible genitalia.
23. A zygote fails to undergo mitosis because of a mismatched numbers of chromosomes. This is an
example of: zygote mortality.
24. Which of the following is an example of sympatric speciation? two related plant species living in
the same area that hybridize, then undergo chromosome doubling, which results in the creation
of a third species of plant that is unable to reproduce with either of the two original species
25. Most dinosaurs became extinct at the end of which of the following periods of the Mesozoic?
Cretaceous Dinosaurs first appeared during the Triassic period, flourished during the Jurassic
period, and then most became extinct at the end of the Cretaceous period, marking the end of
the Mesozoic era. Table 16.1
Learning Objectives
1. Different Types of Selection