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X-CRAFTS EMBRAER EJETS SERIES USER
MANUAL
2
CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 INSTALLATION
1.2 COPYRIGHT
1.3 THE TEAM
1.4 DEMO FLIGHT
1.5 TUTORIAL VIDEOS
1.6 VIEWING OPTIONS
2.0 GENERAL
2.1 BACKGROUND
2.2 SPECIFICATIONS
2.3 DIMENSIONS
3.0 COCKPIT
3.1 GENERAL
3.2 DARK AND QUIET COCKPIT
3.3 GUIDANCE PANEL
3.3.1 LATERAL MODE GUIDANCE
3.3.2 HDG KNOB
3.3.3 ALT KNOB
3.3.4 VERTICAL MODE GUIDANCE
3.3.5 DISPLAY CONTROLLER PANEL
3.3.6 BAROMETER READOUT SWITCH
3.3.7 ENGAGING THE AUTOPILOT
3.4 OVERHEAD PANEL
3.4.1 ELECTRICAL
3.4.2 COCKPIT LIGHTS & HUD PANEL
3.4.3 FIRE PROTECTION
3.4.5 AUXILIARY POWER UNIT (APU)
3.4.4 FUEL
3.4.6 EXTERNAL LIGHTS
3.4.7 HYDRAULICS
3.4.8 ICE AND RAIN PROTECTION
3.4.9 AIR CONDITIONING
3.4.10 PRESSURIZATION
3.5 PEDESTAL
3.5.1 OVERVIEW
3.5.2 SLAT / FLAP
3.5.3 SPEEDBRAKE LEVER
3.5.4 TRANSPONDER
3.5.5 NAV/COM/ADF RECEIVER
3.5.6 TRIM PANEL
3.5.7 COCKPIT DOOR CONTROL
3.5.8 T/O BUTTON
3.5.9 STARTERS
3.5.10 AUDIO SELECTOR
3.5.11 RAM AIR TURBINE
3.6 MAIN PANEL
3.6.1 PFD - Primary flight display
3.6.2 MFD - Multi function display
3.6.2.0 MENU
3.6.2.1 NAVIGATION PAGE
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3.6.2.2 STATUS SYNOPTIC PAGE
3.6.2.3 FLIGHT CONTROL SYNOPTIC PAGE
3.6.2.4 HYDRAULICS SYNOPTIC PAGE
3.6.2.5 FUEL SYNOPTIC PAGE
3.6.2.6 ELECTRICAL SYNOPTIC PAGE
3.6.2.7 ECS SYNOPTIC PAGE
3.6.2.8 ANTI-ICE SYNOPTIC PAGE
3.6.2.9 OPTIONAL TERRAIN MAP
3.6.3 EICAS (ENGINE INDICATION AND CREW ALERTING SYSTEM)
3.6.4 AUTOBRAKES
3.6.5 CLOCK AND CHRONOMETER
3.6.6 POP-UP PANELS
3.6.7 ENLARGING THE MAIN PANEL DISPLAYS
3.6.7 REVERSIONARY PANEL
3.7 SPECIAL COCKPIT CLICKABLE AREAS
3.7.1 HANDLES AND MANIPULATORS
3.7.2 HIDE YOKE FUNCTION
3.7.3 COCKPIT DOOR
3.7.4 DISABLING WINDSHIELD AND SCREEN REFLECTIONS
3.8 SIDE PANEL - COCKPIT LIGHTING
4.0 FLIGHT CONTROLS
4.1 OVERVIEW
5.0 ADDITIONAL PLUG-INS
5.1 PLUG-IN MENU
5.2 PUSHBACK PLUGIN
5.2.1 PUSHBACK MENU
5.2.2 THE PUSHBACK PROCEDURE
5.3 WINGLET AND GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT OPTIONS
5.4 LOAD PLANNING
6.0 START-UP PROCEDURE
6.1 CHECKLIST USE
6.1.1 POWER ON
6.2 APU START
6.3 GPU START
7.0 V-SPEEDS
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
Hello and thank you for purchasing the Embraer E175, E195 or the EJets Set. We hope you have as
much enjoyment flying your new aircraft as we did creating it and improving it to it’s latest version.
This manual is applicable to both aircraft.
After reading and studying this manual, if you have any more questions feel free to ask on the ​forum​!
The custom flight management system that’s provided with the product - the ​Tekton FMS - has its
own manual which you can also find in the Documentation folder. We have also produced a series of
tutorial videos​ about how to use the Tekton FMS and the aircraft.
Marko: While developing these add-ons is a huge passion and love, please allow me to express my
thanks especially since sales of this add-on have helped me fund my postgraduate studies in the UK.
Steve: Please accept my thanks as well - there’s no satisfaction greater than having a creative idea
and knowing that it lives on many users’ PC’s around the world, providing both entertainment and
satisfying challenges.
1.1 INSTALLATION
To install either of the aircraft, extract the zipped folder(s) into X-Plane/Aircraft/… in a folder of your
choice. We suggest that the folder name contain no non-unicode characters. The folder also must not
be a system folder.
1.2 COPYRIGHT
All the material contained in this package is exclusive copyright of the author and no part of any of the
models contained in this package, or any other files within, in part or in whole, may be copied,
re-distributed, disassembled, re-packaged or exploited in any way for any commercial purpose
without the express permission of the author.
The package and its derivatives may be used for non-commercial purposes only. ACF file, 3D files,
textures, engine and system sounds, cockpit and documentation and plugins:
Copyright © 2016-2018 Marko Mamula, Steve Wilson and Todd Fleck
1.3 THE TEAM
Marko Mamula​ (X-Crafts on the forum) - 3D model, flight model, textures, project manager
Steve Wilson​ (Steve.Wilson on the forum) - ​Tekton FMS​ and SASL plugin programmer
Todd Fleck​ - FMOD sounds, sound design, lighting enhancements and liveries
Alex Dydula ​- Chief Beta Tester and general all around expert QA analyst
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Our Beta Testers - We would also like to thank our legion of beta testers whom have helped make
this product what it is and to verify the functionality, catching many bugs along the way so that you
don’t have to. You fine flight simulation enthusiasts know who you are! And we also thank our many
users that have provided constructive criticism, thoughtful suggestions and bug reports of their own
over the years.
1.4 DEMO FLIGHT
See the ‘​../Embraer E1xx vX.X XP11/Documents/Demo flight​’ folder for a sample flight that will give
you the experience of a complete flight, taking off and landing at Tucson International Airport.
Something of a "once around the pattern" flight with just enough waypoints to do the job. Please see
chapter 6 for details on operating the aircraft, and the companion FMS manual for instructions on use
of the MCDU functions.
1.5 TUTORIAL VIDEOS
Go to the ​X-Crafts Youtube Channel​ for many tutorial videos explaining how to use the the aircraft
feature as well as the FMS and its functions.
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCF0S2b-RA156Br5oMtrCF9A/feed?gl=US
1.6 VIEWING OPTIONS
Recommended field of view is 65-70 degrees. Change this in X-Plane under Settings > Rendering
Options > Special Viewing Options > Lateral field of view
An X-Plane “QuickLook” is set up under numpad ​‘0​’ for the FMS MCDU.
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You can also set a custom QuickLook. ​The steps are as follows:
1. In the 3D cockpit view, set the desired view. Or even an exterior view ...
2. Now press Ctrl 1 (or any other digit from 0 to 9). The number must be on the number pad on the
keyboard.
3. Thus stored, you now can see this view by pressing the 1 (without ctrl) on the number pad.
4. Pressing the 1 again, the previous view is restored.
5. These 10 QL's you can now place on different joystick buttons. This can be done as usual in the
menu "joystick, keyboard and devices" - "Extra Buttons".
6. The saved views are aircraft specific. They are saved directly in the appropriate directory of the
Aircraft, stored as "Aircraft Name_prefs.txt".
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2.0 GENERAL
2.1 BACKGROUND
Based in São José dos Campos, Brazil, Embraer (Empresa Brasileira de Aeronáutica, S. A.; Brazilian
Aeronautics Company, Inc.) was founded in 1969 as a government enterprise; and became a
privately owned business December 7, 1994.
Announced during the 1999 Paris Air Show, the Embraer series of E-jets are designed to be larger
than regional aircraft (50 seats or less) and smaller than larger mainline jets (110 or more seats). Jets
in this size range specifically designed for growing airlines wishing to expand their market, or larger
carriers wanting to right-size their fleet to fit routes inefficiently served by larger aircraft. Embraer calls
this 'The Rule of 70 to 110'.
The E-jets are a new design from nose to tail and wingtip to wingtip, and a significant departure from
their successful predecessor aircraft, the ERJs. Operations are 30% more efficient than the previous
generation of jets. Two full authority digital engine controlled (FADEC) CF34 General Electric engines
hang below the winglet fitted wings. Flight surfaces, excluding the ailerons, are fly-by-wire controlled.
Honeywell's Primus Epic Electronic Flight and Information System (EFIS) with five liquid crystal color
displays conducts fully automated flight, including both LNAV and VNAV control, and autoland
capability. The 170 and 175, as do the 190 and 195, have 95% component commonality to reduce
operator costs. The full range of E-jets have 89% commonality. Cockpit commonality allows for pilot
cross-certification. Embraer retained their distinctive ram's horn yoke design.
All E-jets feature a single aisle cabin with a two-by-two seat arrangement. The cabin has a greater
diameter and length than regional aircraft allowing for larger overhead bins, wider seats and an
optional two-cabin layout.
The launch customer was Crossair. First flight of an E-jet was February 2002. After an extended
certification process the first aircraft delivery occurred in March 2004 to LOT Polish Airlines (an E170).
The launch customer of the E-190 was JetBlue. The first flight of the E-190 was in March 2004, with
the first flight of the E-195 in December 2004. Flybe launched the E-195. Over 600 aircraft have been
built, and are based in 35 countries and over 50 airlines.
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2.2 SPECIFICATIONS
E175:
Flight deck crew
2 pilots
Passengers
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Powerplants
2× ​GE CF34-8E​ turbofans
61.4 ​kN​ (13,800 ​lb​f​) thrust each
Range
3,889 km (2,100 nmi)
Maximum speed
890 km/h (481 kn, Mach 0.82)
Service ceiling
12,500 m (41,000 ft)
Empty weight
21,810 kg (48,080 lb)
Maximum takeoff weight
38,790 kg (85,517 lb)
Maximum fuel load
9,428 kg (20,785 lb)
Max payload weight
10,200 kg (22,487 lb)
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2.2 SPECIFICATIONS (Continued)
E195:
Flight deck crew
2 pilots
Passengers
100
Powerplants
2× GE CF3410E turbofans
82.3 kN (18,500 lbf) thrust each
Range
3,334 km (1,800 nmi)
Maximum speed
890 km/h (481 kn, Mach 0.82)
Service ceiling
12,500 m (41,000 ft)
Empty weight
28,970 kg (63,870 lb)
Maximum takeoff weight
50,790 kg (111,970 lb)
Maximum fuel load
12,971 kg (28,596 lb)
Max payload weight
13,650 kg (30,090 lb)
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2.3 DIMENSIONS
E175:
Wing span
26.00 m (85 ft 4 in)
Length
31.68 m (103 ft 11 in)
Height
9.67 m (32 ft 4 in)
E195:
Wing span
28.72 m (94 ft 3 in)
Length
38.65 m (126 ft 10 in)
Height
10.28 m (34 ft 7 in)
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3.0 COCKPIT
3.1 GENERAL
This X-Plane add-on includes an advanced and complete 3D virtual cockpit to emulate the real
aircraft’s cockpit as closely as possible in the X-Plane flight simulator. While not all aircraft systems
are simulated, the controls and indicators are located in their proper places with respect to the real
aircraft.
Every attempt was used to make the add-on as easy to use as possible. For example, all clickable
areas in the cockpit were made bigger in order to make it easier to click on any button, knob or key on
the monitor.
3.2 DARK AND QUIET COCKPIT
Embraer uses a “Dark and quiet” cockpit principle. This means that under normal operations, there
are no illuminated buttons, knobs are in the 12-o'clock position, and there are no aural notifications.
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3.3 GUIDANCE PANEL
Along the top of the panel glareshield is the flight guidance control panel (FGCP). The many autopilot
modes and functions are engaged using this panel's many buttons and knobs. You must take the time
to fully understand how each control effects the E-jet during each phase of flight.
Be sure to engage any autopilot mode, if you want it to do anything! Basically if there is a yellow light
above the button, it is ​armed​. If there is a green light, it is engaged. ​You can also see what modes
are engaged on the top part of the PFD (check section 3.6.1)
3.3.1 LATERAL MODE GUIDANCE
●
FD​ - Flight director (This engages the flight director, but ​NOT
the autopilot!)
●
●
AP - Engage autopilot servos (This engages the autopilot, if it
is not engaged, you are flying manually and the plane will not
follow any selected autopilot mode)
APP​ - Autopilot approach mode (This will engage the NAV
and at the same time GS)
●
NAV​ - Autopilot engage VOR/localizer (Engage this if you want the plane to follow the flight plan
loaded from the FMS or fly an ILS)
●
BANK​ - Lock the bank to max 15 degrees
HDG​ - Autopilot engage heading
●
YD​ - Yaw damper
●
SRC​ - HSI nav source selector (This switches between pilot/copilot’s FMS source. It does not
●
have any effect in this release version)
NOTE​: for some reason MSTR WARNING will light up when you engage FD, this is an X-Plane bug,
so just turn it off by clicking on it)
3.3.2 HDG KNOB
There are two different clickable areas to set the
heading. This picture demonstrates how the
manipulators work.
The heading can also be altered using the
AUTOPILOT page of the FMS.
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3.3.3 ALT KNOB
The ALT knob has 2 options, the inner circle changes the value by 10ft on click and by 100ft on hold.
The outer circle changes the value by 1000ft/click. I find this super useful because you can go from 0
to FL300 in no time. The altitude setting can also be adjusted using the FMS AUTOPILOT page.
3.3.4 VERTICAL MODE GUIDANCE
●
ATHR​ - Autopilot engage auto-throttle (Push Speed knob to select between ​knots/mach​)
●
VNAV​ - Autopilot engage FMS VNAV
●
FLCH​ - Flight level change
VERY IMPORTANT : ​be sure to engage ATHR before hitting FLCH! If you don’t it will result in
wild porpoising after the plane reaches the desired altitude !
●
G/S​ - Glide slope
●
V/S​ - Vertical speed
●
ALT​ - Altitude select (If you click on the ALT button twice, it will turn green and it will hold the
current altitude)
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3.3.5 DISPLAY CONTROLLER PANEL
●
FMS ​- Selects FMS as the primary navigation
source for both PFDs
●
Radio Altimeter (RA)​ minimums selector knob
(sets the radio altimeter decision height)
●
V/L ​- VOR/LOC button (Selects the VOR or
NAV for the display)
●
BARO SET - ​Barometric correction selector knob, sets barometric correction factor
●
BRG bearing sources button​: Selects VOR, NAV sources
○
CIRCLE (O): indicates VOR1, NAV1
○
DIAMOND (◊): indicates VOR2, NAV2
3.3.6 BAROMETER READOUT SWITCH
By clicking on the hidden click-spot above the BARO knob, you can switch between In/hPa.
3.3.7 ENGAGING THE AUTOPILOT
●
●
●
Choose a source at the Display controller Panel (BRG O/ BRG ◊/FMS)
Engage the FD and also AP. If the light turns green, the autopilot servos are on.
Once AP is on and the flight plan is loaded, press NAV to engage the Localizer to follow the flight
plan loaded in the FMS. For ILS press APP. This will automatically engage NAV and GS
(Glideslope).
​IMPORTANT! Before selecting FLCH, you first have to set the speed and hit ATHR, otherwise the
plane will start porpoising once it reaches the desired altitude!
Please visit ​this website​ (http://xplane.wikia.com/wiki/Autopilot) for a detailed explanation of all autopilot
modes and functions in X-Plane.
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3.4 OVERHEAD PANEL
3.4.1 ELECTRICAL
The E-Jet electrical system is fully automated and under normal
operations, no pilot action is required. Two electrical networks
work independently from one another for electrical fault isolation
purposes. In the event of a power source fault, bus ties
automatically connect between the networks with no significant
operational or workload needed. ​Battery 2, specifically has an
"off/auto" indication on the knob because only BAT 2 connects to the
APU start bus. So when the APU is selected to run, BAT 2 is taken
offline to start the apu.
The Alternating Current (AC) system is composed of:
●
●
●
●
2 Integrated Drive Generators (IDGs)
1 Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) generator
1 Ram Air Turbine (RAT)
1 AC external power unit or Ground Power Unit (This will
light up when the GPU is on)
The Direct Current (DC) system is composed of:
●
●
2 Nickel Cadmium (NiCd) batteries
3 Transformer Rectifier Units (TRUs)
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●
●
●
1 DC external power unit (not simulated in this release version)
Avionics displays are turned on with turning BATT1 ON, as in the real aircraft.
After selecting GPU on the Options menu, it means the GPU is only connected but not providing
power to the aircraft. GPU gen on the overhead panel will go to AVAIL. After clicking on it it will
go to ‘IN USE’. After this the GPU is providing AC power
to the aircraft.
3.4.2 COCKPIT LIGHTS & HUD PANEL
●
●
●
●
●
CABIN FLOOD changes the flood light in the entire
cockpit
INSTR BRT changes the brightness of the instruments,
including the MCDU screen.
PNL lights changes the brightness of the panel lights
HUD switch (ON/OFF)
HUD BRT knob changes HUD brightness
3.4.3 FIRE PROTECTION
In case of engine fire an annunciator will show up on the EICAS and the fire extinguisher levers will
light up.
17
●
Pull down (click on) the fire extinguisher handle should an engine catch fire.
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3.4.5 AUXILIARY POWER UNIT (APU)
The APU is a gas turbine engine located in the airplane tail cone. It provides electrical and pneumatic
power while the engines are not operating. It consumes around 310 pounds of fuel per hour and
draws from the LEFT fuel tank. The APU can be started in flight up to 30,000 feet.
The APU master knob has the following functions:
●
●
●
STOP: turns the APU off.
ON: keeps the APU running.
START: starts the APU operation.
NOTE​: You can observe the APU activation on synoptic electrical page or EICAS APU indicator.
For a detailed description of APU go ​HERE
(http://www.smartcockpit.com/aircraft-ressources/Embraer_190-APU.html)
3.4.4 FUEL
Crossfeed (XFEED) selector knob:
If one fuel tank gets low, turn the xfeed valve to that side, to draw fuel from the opposite wing.
●
DC PUMP (Primer)​ fuel pump selector knob
●
AC PUMP ​turns the AC fuel pumps on
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3.4.6 EXTERNAL LIGHTS
3.4.7 HYDRAULICS
A pump provides static pressure for the hydraulic systems. When
running, engines provide the pressure necessary to drive the
hydraulic systems.
The real aircraft operates three independent hydraulic systems and
any hydraulic pump can provide sufficient pressure for all aircraft
systems that require it.
3.4.8 ICE AND RAIN PROTECTION
Windshield heating button:
● Push IN: Both 1 and 2 buttons activate the windshield heating
system for the whole windshield. They do not work separately.
● Push OUT: deactivates the windshield heating system.
Wing ice protection button
●
Push IN: allows automatic operation of the associated wing
anti-ice system
●
Push OUT: deactivates the associated wing anti-ice system.
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Engine 1 and 2 ice protection button
●
Push IN: allows automatic operation of the associated engine anti-ice system
●
Push OUT: deactivates the associated engine anti-ice system
ANTI-ICE protection selector knob
●
OFF: deactivates all principal anti-ice systems.
●
ON: activates all principal anti-ice systems.
AOA HEAT selector knob
●
OFF: deactivates de-icing heat for AOA sensor.
●
ON: activates de-icing heat for AOA sensor.
3.4.9 AIR CONDITIONING
The Air Management System (AMS) consists of:
● Pneumatic System
● Environmental Control System (ECS)
The AMS Controller provides primary control for airplane
systems such as bleed control, environmental control, hot air
leak detection, crew oxygen monitoring, wing ice protection
and engine anti-ice.
The Cabin Pressure Control System (CPCS) is also part of
the AMS, although it has a separate controller.
NOTE​: The entire pneumatics system is not simulated in this
release version. The two packs, i.e. recirculation and
temperature controls are simulated only as far as the
Do-Verify and Read and Do checklists are concerned. They
do not have a real effect in this add-on.
Pack 1 button:
● Push IN: allows automatic operation by the AMS. This position opens the pack 1 valve, according
to the system logic.
● Push OUT: manually closes the pack 1 valve.
Pack 2 button:
● Push IN: allows automatic operation by the AMS. This position turns on both recirculation fans,
according to the system logic.
● Push OUT: manually closes the pack 2 valve.
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Passenger cabin temperature rotating knobs:
● Controls cockpit and cabin temperature according to the knob position.
Cross-bleed button:
● Push IN: allows automatic operation by the AMS. This position commands the cross-bleed valve,
according to the system logic.
● Push OUT: manually closes all cross-bleed valves.
Bleed air valve buttons:
● Push IN: allows automatic operation by the AMS. This position commands the engines’ bleed
valves, according to the system logic.
● Push OUT: manually closes the engine bleed valve.
APU bleed button:
● Push IN: allows automatic operation by the AMS. This position commands the APU bleed valve,
according to the system logic.
● Push OUT: manually closes the APU bleed valve.
3.4.10 PRESSURIZATION
The pressurization of the cabin is automatic and can’t be
controlled by the user.
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3.5 PEDESTAL
3.5.1 OVERVIEW
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3.5.2 SLAT / FLAP
The flaps lever may be moved using the mouse or the keyboard flaps commands.
NOTE​: Flap 4 and flap 5 positions do not change the positions of the flaps or slats. The difference
between these modes is that flap 4 is used for take-off while flap 5 is used for landing.
3.5.3 SPEEDBRAKE LEVER
Deploys the multi-function spoilers. Spoilers deploy the same angle as a response to the speedbrake
lever position. The maximum deploy angle on the ground is 60° and 30° in the air.
To set the speedbrake to ‘armed’ on landing, press the speedbrake key shortcut (“3” key) or push the
lever forward.
3.5.4 TRANSPONDER
Transponder is an electronic device that produces a response when it receives a radio-frequency interrogation.
NOTE: ​You can use the transponder on the pop-up radio panel or in the FMS on the first RADIO
page.
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3.5.5 NAV/COM/ADF RECEIVER
There are many ways how you can set the radio
frequencies. You can use radio panels on the pedestal or
on the pop-up radio panel. The best way, though would
be to use the MCDU RADIO page. This page is always
shown when the FMS is first powered up with the battery
switches.
3.5.6 TRIM PANEL
Use this panel to manually adjust trim.
3.5.7 COCKPIT DOOR CONTROL
Use this panel to lock the cockpit door.
3.5.8 T/O BUTTON
After clicking on this button, you will be notified if
everything is set for the Take off. If there are any items
not set properly, you will hear an audible alert specific
to the problem (check of brakes, flaps, trim and
speedbrakes)
NOTE​: This function only works after you have entered
one of the PERF pages on the FMS at least once!
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3.5.9 STARTERS
To start the engines follow the startup procedure in section 6.0 or use the checklist provided by the
tab labeled “C” whenever you move the mouse cursor to the left side of your X-Plane window.
3.5.10 AUDIO SELECTOR
There are three sets of controls on this panel that are functional, and serve the purpose of turning
communication, navigation or ADF radios’ audio on or off. When the audio for a specific radio is
ON, a small LED is illuminated in the center of the selector button.
3.5.11 RAM AIR TURBINE
A ram air turbine (commonly known by the acronym RAT) is a small turbine that is connected to a
hydraulic pump, or electrical generator, installed in an aircraft and used as a power source. The RAT
generates power from the airstream by ram pressure due to the speed of the aircraft.
Click on the RAT DEPLOY cover on the pedestal to lift the cover and click on the lever to deploy the
RAT.
26
The RAT will deploy on the right front side of the fuselage and will produce power for the electrical
system.
27
3.6 MAIN PANEL
The main panel consists of three screens that make up the Electronic Flight Instruments System
(EFIS). On the Left is the Primary Flight Display (PFD), middle the Multi-Function Display (MFD), and
to the right is the Engine Indication and Crew Alerting System (EICAS).
3.6.1 PFD - ​Primary flight display
The upper half of the primary flight display (PFD) provides the pilot with information required to fly the
aircraft such as the attitude indication, speed and altitude tapes. Above the attitude indicator is the
Flight Mode Annunciation (FMA). This sub-display indicates the autopilot modes that are active and
armed. The lower half of the PFD is used for aircraft navigation. Displayed are a compass rose with
VOR and DME overlays, navigation source mode indication, heading, VOR and COM radios
frequencies, and NAV/FMS data.
1 - Selected airspeed
2 - Actual aircraft airspeed
3 - Actual aircraft airspeed in mach number
4 - Autopilot source
5 - VHF (COM1) radio. The radio frequencies
are adjusted as described for the NAV1 radio
6 - Selected autopilot heading (reflected on
the compass by the heading bug)
7 - Selected altitude readout based on
autopilot setting on the Guidance Panel.
8 - Vertical speed readout. The indications are
in feet per minute
9 - Current barometer setting. You can see
how to switch between IN/QN in section 3.3.4
10 - Vertical speed set with the autopilot
11 - NAV1 radio
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3.6.2 MFD - Multi function display
The MFD presents MAP and PLAN navigation formats and various systems synoptic formats
selectable by keys on the top and bottom of the display.
The synoptic system pages provide visual representation of the selected system’s functions and
parameters.
●
●
White lines and black crosses mean the system is disconnected or not active.
Green lines and green crosses mean the system is connected or active.
3.6.2.0 MENU
After clicking on Systems key in the top left corner of the MFD a menu drops down and you can
choose from several summary, or “synoptic” pages to use the correct terminology.
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3.6.2.1 NAVIGATION PAGE
Click on the NAVIGATION key to choose the map. You can switch between MAP and PLAN mode by
clicking on the top left key. Click on the Options or Weather keys to change the map range or to
choose what will be shown on the map. In the lower right corner, TERRAIN will be greyed out if you
do not have the weather plugin installed. More on that in section 3.6.2.9.
NOTE​: You can also zoom in or out directly on the map if you click left or right to the range indicators.
NOTE​: We are aware of the NAV display limitations. In order to keep the cost of the aircraft add-on
reasonable, it does not have custom map displays. The X-Plane map instrument was used instead,
which works quite well with some limitations. X-Plane 11 provided a much nicer course line display,
which helps. But there were two choices - a very fuzzy map and hard to read labels, or a somewhat
sharper map having modestly reduced range. Given that it’s rarely useful to be fully zoomed out,
30
viewing the entire flight route at one time - if that’s even possible - the clearer NAV map that has been
developed provides better utility for visualizing key portions of the lateral flight path.
3.6.2.2 STATUS SYNOPTIC PAGE
Status synoptic page provides basic information like time, temperature, cabin pressurization, engine
oil level, batteries, which doors are open etc.
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3.6.2.3 FLIGHT CONTROL SYNOPTIC PAGE
The Flight controls synoptic page provides a visual representation of flight control operations.
NOTE: ​The parameters shown under the STATUS line are not simulated in this release version.
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3.6.2.4 HYDRAULICS SYNOPTIC PAGE
The hydraulics synoptic page provides a visual representation of the hydraulic system operation.
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3.6.2.5 FUEL SYNOPTIC PAGE
The fuel synoptic page provides a visual representation of the fuel system operation.
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3.6.2.6 ELECTRICAL SYNOPTIC PAGE
The electrical synoptic display provides a visual representation of the electrical system operation.
●
●
White lines and black crosses mean the system is disconnected or not active on busses and
TRUs.
Green lines and green crosses mean the system is connected or active on busses and TRUs.
NOTE​: Amber lines mean the system is NOT in a normal operation condition. It does not mean that
the system is not working correctly.
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3.6.2.7 ECS SYNOPTIC PAGE
The ECS
system.
synoptic page provides a visual representation of the air conditioning and pneumatic
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3.6.2.8 ANTI-ICE SYNOPTIC PAGE
The flight controls synoptic page provides a visual representation of the anti-ice control operations.
ICE CONDITION​: appears when the Anti-ice automatic system is turned on.
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3.6.2.9 OPTIONAL TERRAIN MAP
It is possible to add terrain mapping to the MFD via a third party
plugin. If you click on the TERRAIN button of the MFD without the
plugin installed, you will see this notification. The “forum” is
X-Plane.org, and the specific plugin can be found here: ​Terrain
Radar. Technical support for this plugin is provided via the link.
We only make this function available through the EJets for your
convenience and enjoyment. It is not an X-Crafts product, and the
magic behind it’s marvels are not something we’re familiar with.
Use at your own risk, etc..
https://forums.x-plane.org/index.php?/files/file/37864-terrain-radar-vertical-situation-display/
Disclaimers aside, it’s pretty interesting and useful when in use.
When
the
plugin
is
properly
installed
in
the
X-Plane\Aircraft\Embraer E175 v2.x XP11\plugins or Embraer
E195 v2.x XP11\plugins folder, depending on the aircraft,
instead of the friendly notification, you’ll see the control
selections on the left.
When the terrain plugin is starting up, you’ll see a test pattern
and version number. This disappears after a few seconds. An
example display can be seen on the next page.
When using the terrain radar, you’ll probably want to manage, or “declutter” your map display by using
the OPTIONS button. In the example, I’ve removed - deselected - the WPT ident displays - navigation
fixes.
The terrain is shown using a green to red color scale, with red being the highest and black or green
being fairly low terrain. Mind your altitude flying over the red, and pay close attention to your charts and
radio altitude indicator.
When selected, the Vertical Situation Display, or “VSD,” gives a side-on view to your flight and a
depiction of upcoming terrain in green. There is also a white lline that extends forward from the aircraft
to indicate the predicted flight path.
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The rather scenic mountains around Tucson, Arizona can reach up and bite you if you’re not careful,
especially if going missed approach from runway 29R. Here we see a descent depicted on the VSD
and mountainous terrain to the northeast of KTUS and some significant hills to the west.
The terrain is only displayed in the two quadrants in front of the aircraft.
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3.6.3 EICAS (ENGINE INDICATION AND CREW ALERTING SYSTEM)
The upper screen displays engine thrust and caution/warning alerts. The lower half summaries fuel,
secondary engine readouts, APU, cabin
pressure, gear, flaps, trim, gear status and
environmental information.
The EICAS includes the following
information:
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
Engine parameters
FADEC limits/modes indicators
Fuel quantity
Oil parameters
Landing gear status
Slat/flap status
APU parameters
Pressurization parameters
Control trims status
Caution messages
Warning messages
Failure messages
Takeoff configuration messages
3.6.4 AUTOBRAKES
The brake system in this version model works according to the X-Plane system brake logic.
The auto brake has 5 positions:
● RTO (Rejected Take Off)
● OFF
● LO
● MID
● HI
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3.6.5 CLOCK AND CHRONOMETER
●
●
CHR - starts/stops the chronometer
RST - resets the chronometer
3.6.6 POP-UP PANELS
Pop-up panels are included so that radios and FMS can be
operated in forward view.
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3.6.7 ENLARGING THE MAIN PANEL DISPLAYS
Each of the main panel screens (PFD, MFD, EICAS) can be enlarged by placing the mouse pointer
over the display and conducting a right-mouse-click. To return the screen to the original size by once
again right-mouse-clicking over the screen.
3.6.7 REVERSIONARY PANEL
●
●
Swaps the displays between the 4 modes.
ADS and IRS SENSORS are not simulated in this release version.
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3.7 SPECIAL COCKPIT CLICKABLE AREAS
3.7.1 HANDLES AND MANIPULATORS
The picture below shows where the clickspots are for various manipulators.
NOTE: Cockpit windows can only be opened while the aircraft is not moving and the gear lever can’t
be used while the aircraft is on the ground.
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3.7.2 HIDE YOKE FUNCTION
3.7.3 COCKPIT DOOR
Click anywhere on the cockpit door to open/close it.
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3.7.4 DISABLING WINDSHIELD AND SCREEN REFLECTIONS
3.8 SIDE PANEL - COCKPIT LIGHTING
Use this panel to change the main panel, cabin flood, panel lights and instrument brightness. The
CHART knob does not change anything in this release version.
The knobs are ​axis drag-able​. Click on the knob and drag left or right to change the knob value.
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4.0 FLIGHT CONTROLS
4.1 OVERVIEW
The flight control system is composed of the primary and secondary flight control systems and their
associated system components. Hydraulic actuators control the respective flight control surfaces.
These are generally referred to as Power Control Units (PCUs). Elevators, rudder and roll spoilers as
well as all the secondary flight control systems, including the horizontal stabilizer, flaps and slats,
ground spoilers and speed brakes, are controlled using Fly-by-Wire technology. The ailerons are
controlled via conventional control cables that run from each control wheel back to a pair of
hydro-mechanical actuators which in turn drive the ailerons.
For a more detailed description of flight controls go ​HERE
(http://www.smartcockpit.com/aircraft-ressources/Embraer_190-Flight_Controls.html)
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5.0 OPERATIONS UTILITIES
5.1 MENU - OPTIONS
This model has a pop-up menu where you can control the door, ground objects,GPU or enable the
pushback plugin.
IMPORTANT: In order for the ground objects and GPU to work, you ​must
set the ​brakes on. Once you release the brakes and the aircraft moves, the
GPU and ground objects will disappear and all the doors will close
automatically.
Once the mouse is less than 50 pixels away from the left side of your
screen, 4 tabs will appear. The options and pushback selections are
disabled and do not appear after the aircraft has moved. WGT & BAL opens
up the load manager where you can simulate a passenger and cargo load,
as well as test the way your fuel load affects the CG.
NOTE: We’ve used the same pictures for the E175 and E195 manuals since the menu functions are the
same - and clearly we’ve made some progress since version 2.0.
The menu is very straightforward. Just click on the door to open/close it The squares on the menu in
the picture below indicate the click areas of the buttons.
47
The mouse click zones are shown here. In addition to controlling the doors, you can request a
pushback, toggle the presence of ground equipment and activate the GPU, or ground power unit.
5.2 PUSHBACK PLUGIN
5.2.1 PUSHBACK MENU
Firstly you have to ​enable the pushback through the plug-in menu. After that you can access the
pushback menu by clicking on the P button on the side of the screen. After the pushback is enabled,
there will be a white silhouette that will indicate the final position of the aircraft after the pushback.
5.2.2 THE PUSHBACK PROCEDURE
1. Before you start the pushback you should select your options in the pushback plugin.
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2. After you select the right combination, press ‘ACCEPT’. A verbal and written message will notify
you to release the brakes, click on the ‘CONFIRM’ button to proceed.
3. After you release the brakes, there will be another message informing you that the pushback will
start shortly. To start the pushback click on ‘ACKNOWLEDGED’.
4. After the pushback is completed a last message will be shown notifying you that the pushback is
completed.
NOTE: Once the pushback starts you cannot abort it. It is possible to start your engines during
pushback without concern that it will upset the path your tug guides you through.
5.3 WINGLET AND GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT OPTIONS
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Since 2014 all the E175s coming off the assembly line have the new winglets. After the flight test
campaign, fuel burn was proven to be in fact 6.4% lower compared to earlier-production E175s.
You can change the winglet type directly through the standard X-Plane Plugins menu:
The last used configuration is saved for your next flight. This feature is not available for the E195.
The X-Plane plugins menu also gives you the ability to enable or disable the FMS “DKE” mode, or
“Direct Keyboard Entry,” using the TAB key. See the FMS manual for more information on DKE. This
permits users of online ATC to use the TAB key for communications and other functions.
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5.4 LOAD PLANNING
The load planner is accessed using the side menu tabs, and selecting WGT & BAL.
With the load planner utility, you can dynamically create a simulated loadout for each of your flights.
While real airline pilots get this information from their dispatchers, here we give you the chance to
create realistic data to enter into the FMS so that your
flights have more flavor and realism.
You can move the Load Manager anywhere on the
monitor screen if you wish. And you can resize it just as
easily by pointing your mouse directly at the lower right
corner until a small hand appears.
There are four sliders with white control dots. You click on these with the mouse, and then move the
mouse left or right as needed to simulate the value desired.
51
The CG indicator is on the lower right, and it gives you an representation of where the CG is located.
The aircraft is more dynamically stable when the CG is forward than when it is aft. Therefore a
position to the left of the center of the indicator is desirable, but not mandatory. You cannot move this
indicator - it is not a control.
When you slide the passengers control, you’ll see all sorts of random activity in the seats. This is the
randomizer at work and is normal. Every load is different.
Passenger loading is gently skewed towards the front of the aircraft. This ensures that the resulting
CG is not too far aft, resulting in a tail heavy situation. Of course, were this to happen, you can
always compensate by loading more of the heavier baggage and cargo in the forward cargo bay.
That’s why you have a slider in the lower left to govern how much of the cargo weight is loaded in
either of the two bays.
If your selections put the CG outside of the safe range for the aircraft, you’ll be warned. The fix, in
this case, was to move the cargo slider just a bit to the right. The image below shows more correction
than necessary to make the point. A more favorable CG would put the indicator closer to the middle.
But where it’s at is fine too. It really all depends on the bulk or volume of the baggage and cargo, not
just the weight. Sometimes you can’t get an ideal configuration in real life - so why not simulate that
here. It’s up to your imagination, entirely.
52
It is very easy to exceed max weight with the E195, and you may have to remove passengers or fuel.
Fortunately, the range of the E195 is substantial, so offloading enough fuel to keep the aircraft from
being overloaded isn’t a major concern.
If the E195 is flying with a full load of passengers, you have no room for extra cargo, and in fact need
to offload a bit of fuel to stay within allowances. The load planner estimates passengers as weighing
185 lbs with two 30 lb bags. (83.9 kg & 2 x 13.6 kg). In the real world, these estimated values vary
by season - it’s all very scientific and the data is sourced from vendors much the same way we, as
X-Plane enthusiasts, get our navigation data from Aerosoft or Navigraph.
Finally, any time you change the passenger count or the fuel sliders, the cargo slider automatically
resets to reflect only the weight of the baggage. Passenger baggage is given priority in this way - and
then you can reset the cargo slider to re-add your cargo weight - if you have enough weight allowance
left before the aircraft becomes overweight.
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6.0 AIRCRAFT OPERATION
6.1 CHECKLIST USE
This is a good place to remind you that there are a series of checklists for the all phases of the flight
that are available to the immediate left of the X-Plane window by moving your mouse cursor to within
50 pixels of the left side. The checklists are available on the “CHECKLISTS” tab. This is what should
guide your activity in the cockpit, not this manual. The checklists are resizeable for convenience and
easier reading on 4K monitors.
Starting any commercial airliner is a complex task. Here are the basics. Note that you have the
ability to employ a Ground Power Unit (GPU) in step 7 instead of the APU. The GPU can be
connected to the aircraft by using the “MENU” tab menu, also available by moving your mouse cursor
to within 50 pixels of the left side of your X-Plane window.
There are no checklists that will guide you for the overall operation, so here’s a quick summary of the
order in which you can do things in the cockpit to take maximum advantage of the EJets functions.
Some users may have variations on this organization - that’s up to you, as long as all of the steps are
safely covered. Be aware that omitting any control instruction can and will provide unexpected
behavior when you least expect it, especially when it comes to expecting that the autopilot will work,
or worse, when you expect to be able to breathe at altitude and find the world slowly ….going….black.
This summary starts the minute that you arrive in the cockpit from the X-Plane flight configuration
page. It does not detail radio usage, so realize that there may be interplay with ATC throughout,
especially if you’re dealing with a highly authentic ATC service such as Pilot Edge.
1. Prepare the simulation. Using the Options available from the MENU tab, open the necessary
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
doors, deploy your ground equipment and enable the pushback if you intend to use the tug
provided with the aircraft. We’ll assume you’re using this for the rest of this summary.
Use the Load Planner from the WGT & BAL tab. Set up the passenger, cargo and fuel values.
Here you’re simulating your airline’s dispatcher, so it this is something that’s done well before a
pilot enters the cockpit. You can use your own imagination, or perhaps your online activities
either with a virtual airline will give you guidance or other requirements. Once you’ve set this
information up, you can close the Load Planner and the values you set up will be retained by the
plugin system.
Follow all pre-start checklist procedures. We do not skip these checklists as some of their
functions are important preparations for later checklists.
If you’re going to use the GPU, be sure it’s selected from the MENU for Options.
Establish aircraft power via either the APU or GPU start methods according to the checklist. The
checklist available from the side tabs combines either method, but the steps are broken out
further later in this section for training clarity.
Program the FMS, starting on the PERF 1 page. Re-open the Load Planner and enter the values
for fuel, payload and MAC%. Then enter your flight plan as described in the enhanced checklists
below. More detail on the FMS is available in the separate FMS Manual provided with the EJets.
At this point it’s appropriate to close the cabin doors and the cargo bay hatches since you’re
about to start the engines.
54
8. Continue the appropriate START checklist from this point until it is complete.
9. Remove all ground equipment, both using the MENU options as well as any third party ground
equipment you have deployed.
10. Make your PUSHBACK selection and follow the ground crew’s instructions.
11. After the pushback tug has parked and you have ground control clearance, proceed to the
runway and have fun… but don’t forget the rest of the checklists. These will follow you all
through the flight. They are there to keep you out of trouble, to ensure the aircraft operates as
you would expect, and most importantly to keep your virtual self and your virtual crew and your
virtual passengers… alive.
6.1.1 POWER ON
When the batteries are on, there are only 2 displays on, including the backup attitude indicator.
Displays (going from left to right) 2&3 are powered. Display 2 is a status page, display 3 is an EICAS
page. The MCDU on the captain’s side is powered as well. The rest of the displays will turn on after
an AC power is provided from the APU, GPU or engines.
55
6.2 APU START
In the interests of ease of use, both start procedure types are complete with all notations. These
steps result in complete power on settings - they are not 1:1 with the simulation checklists that include
even more detail.
1. Fuel DC pump and AC pumps 1 & 2: AUTO
2. HYD SYS 1, 2, PUMPS: AUTO
3. Battery 1 and 2: ON
4. TRU 1 & 2: AUTO
5. TRU ESS: AUTO
Steps 4 & 5 are essential if you want the autopilot to follow your flight plan, or to work at all.
6. APU GEN: ON
7. AC POWER: ON
8. TRU 1 & 2: AUTO
9. TRU ESS: AUTO
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10. APU: (ON) START
Click and hold the APU knob - it should rotate clockwise to the START indication. You won’t be able to
watch the RPM build up on the EICAS, but if you wait at least 3 to 5 seconds you’ll be okay. By this
point, if you listen carefully you should hear the APU spooling up.
11. Wait until APU reaches 100% on EICAS APU indicator
57
12. Now complete FMS preparations.
At this point you have set the aircraft up sufficiently to complete your tasks in the FMS MCDU.
This part is not necessary if all you’re going to do is take off and sight-see. On the other hand, if
you’re going to try to emulate a passenger carrying flight, you’ll probably have completed your
load planning and have some numbers to enter.
This is summarized in the FMS manual as well, but here are a few pointers for the order in which
to do certain things to take greatest advantage of the latest FMS features.
a) Navigate to PERF 1 and enter the fuel quantities from both tanks.
b) Enter the aircraft cargo weight and the MAC percentage.
c) Navigate to PERF 2 and enter your cruise airspeed, initial cruise altitude and final cruise
altitude. The FMS will alert you to enter your departure airport at this point.
d) Navigate to DEPARTURE - make your entry selections.
e) Navigate to ARRIVAL - select at least the runway and the first procedural element of the
STAR. You can enter the complete arrival, transition and approach if you are not
anticipating any changes assigned by ATC.
f) Either load your route file (company flight plan) or manually enter waypoints and airways.
This part is optional as the entry of a departure and an arrival is all that’s really necessary
for short, regional hops.
g) Verify your SID, ROUTE and ENTRY waypoint lists are correct, with the correct speeds
and altitudes. Edit as needed.
h) Navigate to the MCDU index and press the INIT button, and then the EXEC button. Your
flight plan is now loaded, and you can then navigate to the PROGRESS 1 page, and then
to FLT PLAN to verify the loaded flight plan.
i) Navigate to the AUTOPILOT page to make any configuration settings you would like to
make here. This gives you a digital means of entering data that you would otherwise
adjust using the knobs on the FGCP.
j) Navigate back to PROGRESS. This completes the FMS / MCDU tasks, and leaves the
MCDU screen prepared to monitor the flight waypoint sequence.
13. Bleed Air: APU
14. Engine 1 & 2 Ignition: AUTO
15. Flip open the cover over engine No. 2 (Right)
16. Click-hold the “Start” knob for engine No. 2 for 5 to 10 seconds. Leave in RUN.
17. Uncover switch and start engine No. 1 (Left)
18. Click-hold the “Start” knob for engine No. 1 for 5 to 10 seconds. Leave in RUN.
19. APU: STOP
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20. Bleed air to BOTH
21. Air conditioning packs to ON
Steps 20 and 21 are essential if you do not wish to black out due to lack of pressurization. X-Plane
simulates this by slowly dimming your monitor screen(s) to black after you’ve gotten too high to get
enough oxygen when you breathe - usually over 14,000 feet MSL or so. By the time you pass FL180,
half of the atmosphere of our planet is below you.
6.3 GPU START
This start procedure is slightly different from the checklists in the cockpit and details how to start the
aircraft without using the APU.
1. Fuel DC pump and AC pumps 1 & 2: AUTO
2. HYD SYS 1, 2, PUMPS: AUTO
3. Battery 1 and 2: ON
4. AC POWER: AUTO
5. TRU 1 & 2: AUTO
6. TRU ESS: AUTO
Steps 4 & 5 are essential if you want the autopilot to follow your flight plan, or to work at all.
7. Press the GPU button to allow power from the external GPU to become available for engine start.
59
8. Now complete FMS preparations.
At this point you have set the aircraft up sufficiently to complete your tasks in the FMS MCDU.
This part is not necessary if all you’re going to do is take off and sight-see. On the other hand, if
you’re going to try to emulate a passenger carrying flight, you’ll probably have completed your
load planning and have some numbers to enter.
This is summarized in the FMS manual as well, but here are a few pointers for the order in which
to do certain things to take greatest advantage of the latest FMS features.
a) Navigate to PERF 1 and enter the fuel quantities from both tanks.
b) Enter the aircraft cargo weight and the MAC percentage.
c) Navigate to PERF 2 and enter your cruise airspeed, initial cruise altitude and final cruise
altitude. The FMS will alert you to enter your departure airport at this point.
d) Navigate to DEPARTURE - make your entry selections.
e) Navigate to ARRIVAL - select at least the runway and the first procedural element of the
STAR. You can enter the complete arrival, transition and approach if you are not
anticipating any changes assigned by ATC.
f) Either load your route file (company flight plan) or manually enter waypoints and airways.
This part is optional as the entry of a departure and an arrival is all that’s really necessary
for short, regional hops.
g) Verify your SID, ROUTE and ENTRY waypoint lists are correct, with the correct speeds
and altitudes. Edit as needed.
h) Navigate to the MCDU index and press the INIT button, and then the EXEC button. Your
flight plan is now loaded, and you can then navigate to the PROGRESS 1 page, and then
to FLT PLAN to verify the loaded flight plan.
i) Navigate to the AUTOPILOT page to make any configuration settings you would like to
make here. This gives you a digital means of entering data that you would otherwise
adjust using the knobs on the FGCP.
j) Navigate back to PROGRESS. This completes the FMS / MCDU tasks, and leaves the
MCDU screen prepared to monitor the flight waypoint sequence.
9. Engine 1 & 2 Ignition: AUTO
10. Flip open the cover over engine No. 2 (Right)
11. Click-hold the “Start” knob for engine No. 2 for 5 to 10 seconds. Leave in RUN.
12. Uncover switch and start engine No. 1 (Left)
13. Click-hold the “Start” knob for engine No. 1 for 5 to 10 seconds. Leave in RUN.
14. Bleed air to BOTH
15. Air conditioning packs to ON
16. GPU: AVAIL / DISCONNECT
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As mentioned under the APU start, steps 14 and 15 are essential if you do not wish to black out due to
lack of pressurization. X-Plane simulates this by slowly dimming your monitor screen(s) to black after
you’ve gotten too high to get enough oxygen when you breathe - usually over 14,000 feet MSL or so.
By the time you pass FL180, half of the atmosphere of our planet is below you.
7.0 V-SPEEDS
The V-Speed tables for both the E175 and E195 are incorporated into the FMS PERFORMANCE pages
1 and 3 for ease of use during flight, and the values presented update automatically based on entries
made on either of these two FMS pages.
61