Machine Translated by Google KOSGEB ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT HEAD OFFICE CONTENTS 1. WHAT IS A BUSINESS PLAN?.................................................................. 1 2. USAGE AREAS OF A BUSINESS PLAN .................................... 2 3. BENEFITS OF A BUSINESS PLAN................................................. 3 4. EVALUATION OF A BUSINESS PLAN................................................. 4 A- WRITTEN EVALUATION ......................................................... 7 I. BUSINESS PLAN SUMMARY........................................................ 7 II. BUSINESS INFORMATION................................................. 8 ROTA III. STRATEGY AND OBJECTIVES OF THE BUSINESS........... 10 IV. PRODUCT/SERVICE INFORMATION ............................. 11 EVALUATION GUIDE V. MARKET AND DEMAND STRUCTURE OF THE BUSINESS IDEA.................. 12 VI. MARKETING PLAN............................................... 14 VII. PRODUCTION PLAN........................................................ 16 VIII. MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION PLAN.............. 18 IX. FINANCIAL PLAN ................................................. 19 X. BUSINESS SETUP PROCESS ACTIVITY PLAN.................................21 Ahmet CAN Assistant Specialist XI. RISK ASSESSMENT.................................. 22 B- VERBAL EVALUATION ............................................. 23 I. PRESENTATION FORM ...................................................... 23 II. APPLICABILITY........................................................ 24 5. EXPLANATION OF EVALUATION SCORES.................. 25 March 2004 ANKARA 6. CONCLUSION............................................................................... 27 C- EVALUATION TABLES......................................28 Machine Translated by Google PREFACE Therefore, this Guide has been prepared to inform entrepreneurs on how to evaluate their business plans and to guide the teams evaluating the support KOSGEB Entrepreneurship Development Center has been operating since 1998 applications made to KOSGEB. It will be a resource that other organizations and provides services and support to entrepreneurs who want to start a new conducting similar studies can also benefit from. business or develop their existing business. is considered. One of these services is to introduce the concept of a business plan to entrepreneurs. The other one is “Entrepreneurship Training” which teaches entrepreneurs to KOSGEB “Business Plan Guide” was taken as basis in determining the evaluation topics and subheadings. prepare their own business plans for the business they want to establish. is “Business Establishment Consultancy” that provides. I believe that the Guide will be a useful resource for entrepreneurs and KOSGEB employees. Entrepreneurs should set out with a business plan based on sound and reliable research, foresight and calculations. It will increase the business's chances of success and will also be a suitable tool to introduce the business to investors and supporting organizations. Erkan GURKAN In many countries, it is mandatory to present a good business plan in order to benefit from bank loans and the support and services of public and civil organizations. In our country, in line with both of the above mentioned purposes, it is necessary to popularize the concept of business planning and to prepare business plans. the need to make it a part of entrepreneurship culture There is. In addition to the training and consultancy services provided within this framework, KOSGEB also provides support and services to entrepreneurs or SMEs that can “create a viable business”. requests the submission of a “plan” and evaluates the applications within this framework. KOSGEB PRESIDENT Machine Translated by Google 1. WHAT IS A BUSINESS PLAN? A business plan is a document that includes the entrepreneur's thoughts, goals, and plans regarding the business and enterprise he or she has established or is considering establishing. This document is a guide for the entrepreneur in the process of establishing and operating a business. A business plan is a file that shows the characteristics and goals of the entrepreneur, the past and current characteristics of the business, its expectations from the future, its structure and partners, the customer base it wants to reach and the characteristics of the markets it targets, the sales and marketing activities it will implement to reach the target customer, the new products/services it plans to produce, the business processes for production, the administrative processes and organization necessary to run the business, the estimated production and sales plans of the business, the financial movements of the business, its financial profitability, and the risks and opportunities it faces. In short, in its most basic form, a business plan is the process of deciding what the business needs to do and how it needs to do it in order to be successful, or at least to survive economically. The business plan should not be prepared once and then abandoned. When there are developments that will affect the basic decisions and plans in the business plan, the business plan should be renewed and kept as a document of decisions, goals and plans that always guide the business. 2. AREAS OF USE OF BUSINESS PLAN A business plan provides a logical sense of direction for a company. In addition to this general purpose, a business plan has several objectives. These are closely related to its intended use. In addition to being a guiding guide for a newly established business, a business plan is also used by established businesses that want to control their current situation and grow. The business plan is prepared for the purpose of promoting the business externally, especially when the business needs external financing, to venture capital companies, banks, potential partners or universities and public institutions. the size and complexity of the business in question. While a business plan for small businesses can be prepared in a short time, for large businesses, the review of many alternatives and the participation of many people in this process may cause the time period in which the plan is prepared to be extended. The business plan is used by those who want to establish a new business, expand their existing business, offer new products/services, reach new customer groups, review the production process and increase efficiency, review the company's goals and set new goals, renew the company's management and organization system, create the basic financial management structure in their business, use financial data in management decisions and make new capacity investments. Before preparing a business plan, the business must have defined goals and a vision. Only a business plan prepared in this way can serve as a guiding guide. The business plan also has areas of use in the company's relations with its important external partners. First of all, the business plan should include these segments, the company's goals, structure and performance. 1/30 2/30 A business plan can be used by all businesses, large or small. The process of preparing a business plan and the results to be obtained vary according to Machine Translated by Google It is used to inform about the subject. If there is a need for financial or non-financial external support for the business, this use becomes even more important. The business plan is equally important for the support of existing or potential investors and organizations that provide various supports. 3. BENEFITS OF BUSINESS PLAN A business plan has various benefits for a new business or an established business, depending on their areas of use and purpose. The most basic benefit of a business plan is that it enables the determination of the goals of an existing or a future business and their written form. A business plan is an important document that determines the general characteristics of the market and demand for the product/ service to be produced by a newly established business, production, sales-marketing, financing, management and organization strategies, the capital required by the business, the expected return, the level of profitability, and the possible risks and advantages before the business is established. Business plan applications have various contributions to the business development process and institutionalization. These can be listed in detail as follows; It is a guiding source that facilitates and guides the decision makers in matters that are vital for the development and survival of the business, such as making a complete distribution of tasks within the business, knowing the customer base, demands and characteristics, having a marketing policy and a marketing plan related to it, ensuring coordination of sales planning with production and supply planning, ensuring efficiency in production, determining the reasons for the existence of partners and employees in the business, having a realistic budget system, having a financial management infrastructure established and implemented, and monitoring the profitability of the business. In addition to the internal benefits of the business plan listed above, in its external use, it is also a document that is powerful, enlightening, generally accepted, allows the business to express itself to the circles it wants to reach, and reveals its professionalism. A business with a business plan gains a significant advantage over other businesses when it needs new partners and financing. Because today, a business plan prepared for the external promotion of a business for any reason is a primarily sought-after condition. The business plan can improve the performance of the business by identifying the weak and strong aspects of the business, new or potential problem areas. The business plan emphasizes the strong aspects of the business, corrects the weak aspects and provides the creation of development strategies. It conveys the expectations 4. EVALUATION OF BUSINESS PLAN regarding the performance and priorities of the company to the management and personnel. It also ensures the consistency of the In the previous sections, it was explained what a business plan is, in planning processes of the various departments or units of the company which areas and for which benefits it is used. In order to use a business by coordinating them. In addition, the business plan creates solid plan and obtain the benefits in question, it must first be prepared correctly measures to measure the performance of the entire company or its and have certain criteria. From this perspective, it is necessary for the units or managers. On the other hand, the business plan and the prepared business plans to be evaluated in terms of the preparer, user business plan development process can be used to train and motivate the managers of the business. and examiner. 3/30 4/30 Machine Translated by Google It is happening. A business plan that does not meet certain criteria will not be applicable and will be nothing but a waste of time for the business. A business plan is not a document that can be prepared and archived. As long as the business is actively operating, it will be renewed with it and it will have a supporter who will guide it so that it can continue its activities and develop. For this reason, a business plan BUSINESS PLAN EVALUATION FORM :............................. Business Name ........................................................................................................ Subject of Activity of the Business :................................ preparation requires serious work, desire and competence. However, a business plan prepared in this way ................................................................................................ provides benefits. Name and Surname of the Person Who Prepared the Business Plan : ................................ ................................................................................................ Evaluating the business plan in terms of applicability and realism during its internal use. However, business plan evaluation is usually necessary for the promotion of the business to the outside. When a business presents its business plan to any credit institution, venture capital company, potential new partners, universities, public institutions, the relevant institution or person evaluates the business plan that includes this business idea as well as the business idea itself and makes a decision about the business accordingly. Date of Preparation of Business Plan : :................................ ................................................................................................ Name and Surname of the Person Evaluating the Business Plan:............................ ................................................................................................ :................................ Business Plan Evaluation Date ................................................................................................ From this perspective, determining the business plan evaluation criteria and putting them into a form will make it a useful resource to be used by individuals and organizations that need to examine the business plan. The evaluation of the prepared business plan varies depending on the party making the evaluation. The expectations of the person or institution making the evaluation from the business plan vary. evaluation criteria are used. The evaluation criteria we have given as an example in this study have been prepared in a way that can be used as a set of general criteria by all parties who have to examine the business plan. 5/30 6/30 Machine Translated by Google 4. Have the short and long-term goals of the business, the A- WRITTEN EVALUATION (80% OF THE TOTAL) I. BUSINESS PLAN SUMMARY Question EVALUATION CRITERIA Point Given Point Comments strategies developed to achieve these goals, and the competition (general information on the sector/sub-sectors) analysis been mentioned? 1 Value 1. What is the purpose of the business plan? It was announced that it was prepared Has sufficient information been provided about the business idea? Have the expected 1 results of this process been defined? 5. Have the developments (social, economic, political and technological) and trends in products/ services related to target customers and markets been examined? 1 Total Points 5 2. The education level of the entrepreneur, the business/business of the entrepreneur the reason for being in life, past successes, what he/ she offers or wants to offer to customers Have the targeted products/ services and their potential for development been specified? 3. Is the business plan summary concise, understandable, comprehensive, and convincing to the reader that the business plan is well prepared? 7/30 II. BUSINESS INFORMATION 1 Question EVALUATION CRITERIA Point Value 1. Have the business's field of activity, current customer groups and product/service development efforts been explained? 2 2. The business to be established 1 the processes that the business will experience since its establishment, future projections and business plan Is the target location specified as a result? 1 8/30 Given Point Comments Machine Translated by Google III. STRATEGY AND OBJECTIVES OF THE BUSINESS 3. The place of establishment of the business, 1 Has the legal model and partnership structure been specified? EVALUATION CRITERIA Point Value 4.A) What kind of permits and licenses are required for the newly 1. The business has a vision and Does it have a mission? Are the goals stated clearly and realistically? established business, which institutions will be applied to, the establishment period and the establishment is the cost stated? Question 1.5 1 2. Have short, medium and long- 4.B) Established business and term goals been specified? Are these goals measurable, attainable and logical in relation to the basic and support functions of the business? Have the measures required by law (health, safety, etc.) for employees been mentioned? 5 Total Points 1.5 3. Are the short-, medium- and longterm goals supported by the remaining sections of the 1 business plan? 4. Short and medium term goals are detailed, measurable, achievable and logical regarding the basic and support functions of the business. are the targets? 1 5 Total Points 9/30 10/30 Given Point Comments Machine Translated by Google V. MARKET AND DEMAND STRUCTURE OF THE BUSINESS IDEA IV. PRODUCT/SERVICE INFORMATION Question EVALUATION CRITERIA Point The value of 1. Have the features of the products/ services to be offered, the areas in which they are used, and the 2 advantages and benefits they offer to the user been specified? 2.Does it have any advantages or innovative aspects compared to similar products/services in the market? 1.5 What will be done to meet these criteria? Comments Point The value of 1. Basic, potential and target customer distinctions have been made Have the general 4 characteristics of demand in the target delivery area (demographic, socio-economic, cultural) been investigated? 2. Are the sectors and sub-sectors in which the business operates clearly defined? From past to present process, future trends and sensitivity of the sector to 3. The standards and criteria that the products and services to be offered must comply with are specified. Given Point Question EVALUATION CRITERIA 1.5 3 economic, social and technological developments were examined. Is it? has it been explained? 3. Have the basic characteristics of the 5 Total Points 3 markets with which the business interacts been researched? 4. Important actors in the sector specified and their market shares expressed numerically? 11/30 2 12/30 Given Point Comments Machine Translated by Google VI. MARKETING PLAN 5. Have the market size of the sector and sub-sector and their place in the country's economy been expressed numerically? EVALUATION CRITERIA 7. Entry and exit to the sector Have the inhibitory factors and measures to be taken in this 1 regard been determined? Are these measures appropriate? 8. Has a study been conducted on the size of the demand for the product/service? Are the methods and data used in demand estimation realistic? Has it been stated in which stage of the economic life of the product/service market (start-up, growth, maturity, decline)? 3 Point Value 2 6. Has it been investigated on what basis 2 customers in the business's presentation area make their consumption decisions (price, quality, access)? Question 1.Have the firm's strengths and weaknesses vis-àvis its competitors been analyzed in detail? Has a plan been made to strengthen the weaknesses? 2 2. How to introduce products/ services to customers (marketing, sales, advertising, promotion, publicity) have been decided? Are these promotional activities effective ways to reach the target customer? 2 3.Available for product/service Is there information about distribution channels? Is there a method planned to deliver products/services to customers? Is this method realistic? 2 4.Products/services to the customer Has the location factor been considered in transportation? 2 20 Total Points 13/30 14/30 Given Point Comments Machine Translated by Google 5. Have the desired customer group, market share and market size been specified? Are these realistic? 2 VII. PRODUCTION PLAN EVALUATION CRITERIA 6. Is there a pricing policy for the product/service, a price determined for the final product? Is there a profit rate determined for the unit product/service? Is this ratio in line with market averages? Question Point Value 2 7. A sale for the product/service Have forecasts been made and are these forecasts consistent with the market and demand structure? 1.Production planning has been done Does this plan include a feasible solution considering the sales plan and demand forecast, capacity specifications and selection, raw material supply plan, labor utilization, and financing sources? 2 1 2. Workflow that includes the basic production processes of the business Has a scheme been prepared? 8.Is after-sales service required? 2 Does this scheme include the flow of 1 Have adequate solutions been developed for these? production, materials, information and the time required for these? 3. Have all factors that will affect 9.Strategic marketing Will the plan be sufficient to achieve the estimated sales amounts? the selection of the workplace 1 required for production been examined? Are the required specifications 2 and costs adequately stated? 15 Total Points 15/30 16/30 Given Point Comments Machine Translated by Google VIII. MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION PLAN 4.Product/service process design Have alternative methods been evaluated? Does the selected method reflect the integrity of the business plan? 1 EVALUATION CRITERIA Question Point Value 5. Has an optimum plan been made considering the production plan, order lead time, shipping costs, and advantages of bulk purchases? 1 2 1. An organizational chart that includes task groups that perform the basic and support activities of the business. has it been done? 1 2. Management staff, their 6. Raw materials and auxiliaries Adequate research has been conducted on suppliers of materials Have unit costs been calculated? duties, authorities and responsibilities Have the CVs and 1 qualifications of the current managers been specified? 1 1 3. Human resources management, personnel training needs Has a training program been established? 4. The need for workforce 1 7. The work that constitutes the production workforce Have the labor force qualifications, where they will be supplied and unit costs been determined? development parallel to the growth 10 Total Points in product/service production capacity. has it been detected? 5 Total Points 17/30 18/30 Given Point Comments Machine Translated by Google 3. Business cash flows are calculated IX. FINANCIAL PLAN in accordance with the elements 1 such as income-expense, taxes, etc. Question EVALUATION CRITERIA Point Value 1. A) The initial investment and working capital amounts required for the establishment of the business and their sources. 3 Is that so? 4. Working capital requirement correctly calculated 1 5. Has the distinction between fixed and variable operating expenses been made correctly? 3 6. The starting point calculated? 3 7. As a result of profitability analysis Are the investment payback period, profitability rate, and net present value at the desired level for alternative investment instruments? 1.B) Are there balance sheets and income statements for the last three years for existing businesses? Do these statements support the business plan goals? 2.Do product/service sales revenues comply with the estimated sales plan? Do operating expenses cover all operations and activities described in the business plan? Is the distribution of sales revenues by period in line with the targets? Comments Is that so? Has it been specified? If there is a need for credit, the conditions under which it can be obtained have been investigated. Has a repayment plan been made for the loan? Given Point 3 8. When making the financial projection of the business, possible changes in factors such as inflation, interest rates, etc. 2 Have the changes been taken into account? 3 9.All financing plan Have the basic assumptions and changes been clearly explained? 1 20 Total Points 20/30 19/30 Machine Translated by Google XI. RISK ASSESSMENT X. BUSINESS SETUP PROCESS ACTIVITY PLAN Question EVALUATION CRITERIA Point The value of 1. Have the details of all activities prior to the business establishment process and the time Comments Question Point The value of 1. The business plan includes the risk factors that may arise for the business. 1.5 relationships between these activities been determined? 2. Has the actual start-up time of the business been determined? Given Point EVALUATION CRITERIA 1.5 (demand, competition, cost)? Have these elements been determined realistically? 2.5 2. Is there an alternative plan against possible risk situations? 2.5 Total Points 5 3. Is it specified when, how, by whom and how often marketing 1 activities will be carried out? 4. All activity plans are realistic, applicable and in line with the 1 business plan described in the business plan. is it reflective? Total Points 5 21/30 22/30 Given Point Comments Machine Translated by Google B- VERBAL EVALUATION II. APPLICABILITY (20% OF THE TOTAL) I. PRESENTATION FORM Question EVALUATION CRITERIA Question EVALUATION CRITERIA Point Value 1. Does the business plan present the information in a clear, concise, understandable and meaningful order? 10 2.Does it have a reassuring and professional image? 10 3. Is the knowledge about the sector sufficient? 10 Given Point Point Value Comments 8 1. Industry Opportunities: Can it clearly explain the needs of the market and how these needs can create an advantage? 8 2. Competitive Difference: Can the company convincingly present an innovation/uniqueness/feature that will create a competitive difference? 8 3. Management Success: Is the management team strong 4. The impression of being willing 10 and answers questions effectively? enough to develop the business and turn risks into opportunities? 5. Does it have the feature that can attract the attention of the investor or the reviewer? 10 4. Financial Understanding: Does the team have a true understanding of the financial needs of the business? 8 5. Investment Potential: Subject of activity, investment decision 8 6. Contribution to highlighting 10 important issues in the plan is he crying? 60 Total Points Does it have real investment opportunities that will enable it to be given? 40 Total Points 23/30 24/30 Given Point Comments Machine Translated by Google 5. EXPLANATION OF EVALUATION SCORES The business plan is evaluated in two separate stages, written and verbal, in the business plan evaluation form above. In the written section, various questions are asked about the content of the business plan under the main topics covered in the business plan. Each topic is given different weights according to its importance in the business plan, and the written section is evaluated out of 100 points. The market and demand structure of the idea is 20 points, the marketing plan is 15 points, the production plan is 10 points, and the financing plan is 20 points. Since they are priority topics, their weight in the written section is different from the others and constitute 65 points of the written section evaluation. Apart from these main topics, the business plan summary receives 5 points, business information 5 points, business strategy and goals 5 points, product/service information 5 points, management and organization plan 5 points, business establishment process activity plan 5 points, risk assessment receives 5 points and constitutes 35 points of the written section evaluation. The written evaluation of the business plan has an 80% share in the total evaluation. In the oral evaluation of the business plan, the presentation style and applicability of the business plan during its oral presentation are evaluated. The oral section is evaluated out of 100 points, accordingly; presentation style receives 60 points, applicability receives 40 points. The oral section has a 20% share in the total evaluation. 25/30 Written section topics at the end of the evaluation will be scored and totaled and 80% of this total will be taken and written The total score of the section will be reached. In the oral section, each topic will be scored in the same way, and 20% of the total oral score will be taken to obtain the total score of the oral section. Then, the scores obtained from the written and oral sections will be added and the Business Plan Evaluation will be finalized. It is possible. After the scoring, the person or organization conducting the evaluation may submit additional comments and opinions about the business plan in writing, if deemed necessary. Opinions and Suggestions: ...................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... 26/30 Machine Translated by Google C- EVALUATION TABLE I. WRITTEN EVALUATION (80% OF THE TOTAL) 6. CONCLUSION EVALUATION CRITERIA In this study, it is stated that an existing or newly established business needs to have a good business plan in order to be successful in business life, to develop and to be valued by the business community. 1 The business plan varies according to the size of the business and its content is different, but it must meet certain criteria and produce solutions in order to be generally accepted. However, a business plan prepared in this way may be subject to evaluation. This business plan evaluation guide has been prepared to cover all processes of a business in general. What is really important is to interpret the evaluation correctly by making information on this subject. Therefore, owner by people the business plan evaluation process requires at least as much knowledge and effort as the business plan preparation process. Business plan evaluation, the presence of deficiencies in the business plan In such cases, it also has a guiding nature in correcting these deficiencies. As a result, the Business Plan Evaluation Guide is a quality, applicable, needs-based tool for entrepreneurs, businesses, investors, credit institutions, and public institutions. It is hoped that this will be a useful guide for use in preparing affordable business plans. POINT VALUE 5 BUSINESS PLAN SUMMARY 2 BUSINESS INFORMATION 5 3. STRATEGY AND GOALS 5 4 PRODUCT / SERVICE INFORMATION 5 5 20 MARKET AND BUSINESS IDEA DEMAND STRUCTURE 6 MARKETING PLAN 15 7 PRODUCTION PLAN 10 8 MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION PLAN 5 9 FINANCIAL PLANS 20 10 5 BUSINESS STARTING PROCESS ACTIVITY PLAN 11 RISK ASSESSMENT 5 TOTAL SCORE 100 GIVEN POINTS (..........)X0.80 27/30 28/30 GIVEN POINT Machine Translated by Google II. ORAL EVALUATION (20% OF THE RESOURCES TOTAL) EVALUATION CRITERIA SCORE VALUE 1 PRESENTATION FORM 60 2 APPLICABILITY 40 TOTAL GIVEN POINT • Business Plan Guide for Entrepreneurs, KOSGEB Publications, 1998 • Business Plan Guidance Notes for Business Development Centers, 100 Wolsey S., KOSGEB – ÖSDP, 2003 GIVEN POINTS (..........) X 0.20 • SME Analysis Training Lecture Notes, KOSGEB, 2003 IV. EVALUATION RESULTS TABLE WRITTEN AND ORAL ASSESSMENT GIVEN POINTS I. WRITTEN ASSESSMENT II. ORAL ASSESSMENT TOTAL CONCLUSION EVALUATION TABLE 91 / 100 POINTS The business plan meets all the required criteria A 71 / 90 POINTS The entrepreneur's work on the issues that are highlighted B must revise its plan 41 / 70 POINTS The business plan is insufficient, it should be reviewed and prepared again. C 0 / 40 POINTS Business plan failed D A- VERY GOOD C- MEDIUM D- WEAK B- GOOD A- SUPPORT IS GIVEN B- SUPPORT IS PROVIDED AS A RESULT OF REVISION C- SUPPORT IS PROVIDED AS A RESULT OF THE RE-PREPARED BUSINESS PLAN D- NO SUPPORT IS PROVIDED 29/30 30/30
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