PRESENT PERFECT AND PAST SIMPLE
FOR
SINCE
Helen is in USA. She has been there…
SINCE Monday
FOR three days
Start of the period
Monday Tuesday Wednesday
Past
now
Three days, ten minuets, an hour, a
week, a month, five years, a long
time
We’ve been waiting FOR two
hours.
Monday
since Monday
Past
now
Monday, 9 o’clock, 22 July, July,
2010, Birthday, I was eight y.o., we
arrived
We’ve been waiting SINCE 9
o’clock
FUTURE
To be +
v(ing)
Present Simple
for future
‘Anna is in hospital’ ‘Yes,
I know. I’m going to visit
her’
‘Anna is in
hospital’ ‘Yes, I
know. I’m
visiting her
.’
‘Anna is in hospital’
‘Yes, I know. My
train leaves
and I'll be at her
hospital at 11:00.
I’m going to call her
Same as for
Present
Continuous
Same as for
Present Simple
WILL
GOING TO
‘Anna is in hospital’
‘Really? I didn’t know. I’ll
call her’
I will call her
I will not call her
I’m not going to call her
Will you call her?
R you going to call her
Yes, I will
No, I won’t
Yes, I am
No, I’m not
Decision now
Decision
before
We’ll…
Already fixed and
arranged
s
Timetable
Subj.+do
We’re going to…
I’m doing
Past
Past
now
future
Past
now
future
Past
now
future
PRESENT PREFECT AND PAST SIMPLE
Present perfect
I have lost my keys
Past Simple
I lost my keys last week
When can we talk about finished time? When can we ask
When…? or What time…?
Time until now
PAST
NOW
Finished time
FUTURE
PAST
NOW
FUTURE
I have lost my keys (= I I lost my keys last week
can’t find it NOW)
(Keys found for the
moment)
now
future
a
THERE IS / THERE ARE
on the table
on the table
There is a book on the table
There are books on the table
There isn’t book on the table
There aren’t books on the table
Is there book in the room?
Are there books in the room?
WHEN… IF… (FIRST CONDITIONAL)
EXAMPLE: Amy is on the train. She’s calling a friend.
Amy: I’ll call you again later
Sentence have 2 parts
Main
When
I’ll call you again later
The time is future but Amy says:
I
smth (not
)
IF OR WHEN
After we use present for future: I’ll be angry it happens
again
We use for things that will possibly happen (or not
happen): Don’t worry I’m late tonight.
We use
for things which are sure to happen:
I might go out later (if possible). I go out, I’ll get some
bread
I’m going out late (for sure).
I go out, I’ll get some
bread
UNLESS
EXAMPLE: The club is for members only. You can’t go
. (= You can’t go in
)
Comparative
Superlative
One syllable
words (short)
Cheap
cheap
Cheap
Cheap
Lucky
luck
Lucky
luck
Big
Big
Big
Big
Two or more
syllables
words
Serious
Irregulars
Good/well
serious
Serious
Good/well
Bad/badly
Bad/badly
Far
Far
serious
ADJECTIVES -ED / -ING
ED
ING
Bor
Bor
I’m bor
is bor
The
adjective tells you The
adjective tells
how somebody feels
you about smth.
0
