LGU BULDINGS CASE STUDY SEBASTIAN CINCO 4th Year BS Architecture Table of Contents HUI VAN ALBRANDSWAARD MUNICIPAL BUILDING ........Error! Bookmark not defined. a) Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1 b) Location .................................................................................................................. 1 c) Site Study ................................................................................................................ 3 d) Floor Plans and Circulation.................................................................................... 5 e) Materials and Technology..................................................................................... 6 f) Unique Site Features............................................................................................... 7 DALLAS CITY HALL ...................................................................................................... 9 a) Introduction ............................................................................................................ 9 b) Location .................................................................................................................10 c) Site Study ...............................................................................................................11 d) Floor Plans and Circulation...................................................................................13 e) Materials and Technology....................................................................................14 f) Unique Site Features..............................................................................................14 MEMURO TOWN HALL ............................................................................................... 16 a) Introduction ...........................................................................................................16 b) Location .................................................................................................................17 c) Site Study ...............................................................................................................18 d) Floor Plans and Circulations .................................................................................20 e) Materials and Technology....................................................................................21 f) Unique Site Features..............................................................................................22 UPPSALA TOWN HALL ............................................................................................... 24 a) Introduction ...........................................................................................................24 b) Location .................................................................................................................25 c) Site Study ...............................................................................................................26 d) Floor Plans and Circulations .................................................................................29 e) Materials and Technology....................................................................................31 f) Unique Site Features..............................................................................................33 ETTERBEEK CITY HALL................................................................................................. 35 a) Introduction ...........................................................................................................35 b) Location .................................................................................................................36 c) Site Study ...............................................................................................................38 d) Floor Plans and Circulation...................................................................................40 e) Materials and Technology....................................................................................44 f) Unique Site Features..............................................................................................46 Synthesis ............................................................................................................... 49 BACOOR CITY HALL .................................................................................................. 52 a) Introduction ...........................................................................................................52 b) Location .................................................................................................................53 c) Site Study ...............................................................................................................54 d) Floor Plans, Circulations and Spaces ..................................................................55 e) Unique Site Features..............................................................................................57 TAGUM CITY HALL..................................................................................................... 58 a) Introduction ...........................................................................................................58 b) Location .................................................................................................................59 c) Site Study ...............................................................................................................60 d) Floor Plans, Circulation, and Spaces (No floor plans available) .......................60 e) Unique Site Features..............................................................................................61 ILOILO CITY HALL ...................................................................................................... 63 a) Introduction ...........................................................................................................63 b) Location .................................................................................................................64 c) Site Study ...............................................................................................................65 d) Floor Plans, Circulation and Spaces (No floor plans available) ........................65 e) Unique Site Features..............................................................................................66 PUERTO PRINCESA “THE NEW GREEN CITY HALL” ..................................................... 67 a) Introduction ...........................................................................................................67 b) Location .................................................................................................................68 c) Site Study ...............................................................................................................69 d) Floor Plans, Circulation and Spaces (No floor plans available) ........................69 e) Unique Site Features..............................................................................................69 Synthesis ............................................................................................................... 71 CONCLUSION........................................................................................................ 71 THE CAPERS a) Introduction The Capers is a mixed-residential development located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, developed by YTL Land under the leadership of Dato Yeoh Seok Kian. The 36storey towers and 5-story blocks of residential apartments were designed by an architectural firm, RT+Q Architects. Strategically located amidst the suburban sprawl of Sentul, 5 km north of the Kula Lumpur city-center. The site occupies 4.3 acres of the land-parcels within the larger Sentul Masterplan. The design of the two towers stand-out as an iconic antithesis to the general designs and look of the buildings in Sentul which is plastered and painted. b) Location 1|Page - Geographical Location • The Capers Sentul East, The Capers, Lorong Timur, Sentul Selatan, 51000 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia - Adjacent Land Uses/Building • HGH Convention Center Sentul • Wesley Methodist School Kuala Lumpur (International) • Madrasah Al-Islah • Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Methodist Sentul • Gurwara Sahib Sentul • India Gate Restaurant- Sentul • Sri Lanka Buddhist Temple Sentul • Pentecostal Church Malaysia • La Salle Sentul School • D7 Offices Sentul East - Accessibilty • The building is accessible with two train lines and three stations. • Accessible to Kuala Lumpur City Center through Jalan Ipoh and Jalan Pahang road. • Accessible through numerous highways such as Sentul Link, SelayangKepong Highway, NKVE, MRR2, PLUS highways and DUKE highway. • It is near to a public transport which is RapidKL’s LRT Sentul Timur Station and KTM Sentul Komuter Station. • 15 minutes-drive to reach KL City Center for variety of shopping and entertainment option. • Easy access to market, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Hospital Tawakal, Institut Jantung Negara, College, Primary and Secondary school. - The Capers Spaces/Zones 2|Page • • • • 36-story tower o Type A1: 1567 sq. ft o Type B: 1381 sq. ft o Type C: 867 sq. ft o Type J1: 1925 sq. ft 5-story townhouse Landscaped podium Carpark c) Site Study - About the Site • 17401.5 m2 lot area • Located amidst the suburban sprawl of Sentul, 5 km north of the Kuala Lumpur city-center. • There is a landscaped carparking podium. - Site Orientation • The site is slightly tilted, the shorter side facing the northwest and southeast. - Building form and design concept • • The overall design concept of the tower are derived from the soft billowing Lalang grass and weeds that grows in area of the site. The main idea was to design urban environment to initiate urban revival and to provide about 500 units of mid-cost housing in Sentul. 3|Page • • • • The towers are oriented to two main views mainly the Batu Caves to the north and the Petronas twin towers to the south. The “Capers” is derived from the building’s form as if it is dancing. The form and design is achieved by adjustment of the rooms allocation on each floor. The inclining and folding shape of the building are accentuated by the help of the aluminum paneling that are installed vertically and horizontally. These helps the building to achieve greater sharpness and the presence of light and shadow on the building’s surface. • - Landscaping • The residential units are surrounded by landscaping, greeneries, waterfeatures, swimming pools and pavilions. 4|Page d) Floor Plans and Circulation 5|Page e) Materials and Technology • • • • RCC and steel frame construction The structural design is mainly an interlocking series of reinforced concrete vertical shear walls and horizontal flat slabs. Aluminum Paneling and steel edge for unique and fresh aesthetic to the existing motif of multicolor and plaster-and-paint Sentul experience. Details of the metallic fins and edges are incorporated to preserve its proportions and geometry of the design. 6|Page f) Unique Site Features • Clubhouse: o o o o Gymnasium Kindergarten/nursery Function Room Laundry/shop 7|Page • • Sky Terrace Sky Lounge • • Penthouse Unit Bridge Unit 8|Page DALLAS CITY HALL a) Introduction The Dallas City Hall is one of the unique buildings designed by I.M. Pei. The Structure is located at the Dallas City center at downtown Dallas. The building was constructed in 1977 within the 11.8 acres or 4.8 hectares of land. The building stood the test of time for over 40 years and won numerous awards of excellence. Planning for the city center started in 1964 when the Dallas city council appointed a Citizen’s city Hall State Committee to select a site where new municipal administration office will be located. The mayor was closely involved in the project prompting to the committee of prominent citizens to make I.M. Pei as the principal architect of the project that will design the new facility. The construction of the said structure began on June 26, 1972, under the direction of contractor Robert E. Mckee and Pei. The project was divided in three phases: Parking garage area, the park plaza and the building itself. The overall cost of the design and construction was over 70 million dollars and it generate controversy as its beginning estimated cost were only 42.2 dollars and there are also aesthetic issue of being too avant-garde, but these problems were addressed an moved on to completion. The first Dallas city meeting was held in the building’s city council chamber on February 1 of 1978, and the entirety of the facility was officially opened and dedicated on March 12, 1978. 9|Page The building has an inclination of 34 degrees which prompted Pei to persuade the city to acquire an additional six acres or 2.4 hectares in front of the building and use it as an appreciation space for the building. Its inclined form is extensive and accommodates a diverse programmatic functions, rustic and powerful style of designing. The building measures about 560 feet long and each floor is about 9 feet wider than the floor below. b) Location - Geographical Location • 1500 Marilla St, Dallas, TX 75201 • 32.7762360°N 96.7968380°W - Adjacent Land Uses/Building • Dallas Fire Station 4 • Pioneer Park Cemetery • Pioneer Plaza • Akard Plaza • Fairfield Inn & Suites Dallas Downtown (3-star Hotel) • DataBank Data Centers- Dallas • Dallas Vital Statistics • Iglesia Universal (church) • Kay Bailey Hutchison Convention Center Dallas - Accessibilty • The site is accessible through S Akard St. and Browder St. Both roads are connected by minor road, Marilla St. The Marilla street is adjacent to the front of Dallas City hall and the Akard Plaza. 10 | P a g e - Municipal Hall Spaces/Zones • 178,000 s/f offices (Public facilities, Action Center, Water Utility Bureau, consumer Affairs etc.). • 25,000 s/f Great court • 5,000 s/f reception • 250-seat council chamber • 2-level underground disaster shelter • 1,325-car garages c) Site Study - About the Site • 11.8 acres or 4.8 hectares lot area • There are three entrances located at the east and west of the building and at the North which is the front of the building. - Site Orientation • The site is slightly oriented, facing northwest direction. Its frontage is facing the northwest direction. - Building form and design concept 11 | P a g e • • • • • - The overall design concept of the structure is an inverted pyramid with minimalist design. The functionality and circulation inside and outside the building is deeply rooted to I.M Pei’s philosophy of making the city hall represent the people of Dallas, thus creating an inviting environment. Pei recognizes that the building had to welcome the public that’s why he place offices and counters where the public came to conduct its business at ground level. This makes the ground be in small space, with increasing floor space higher up to house the offices that run the government, thus the inverted pyramid took shape. It was designed to resonate and have dialogue with the masses and hence the 34 degrees angulation at the front of the building. The building has an inside-out approach, combination of building and a park. The material used in construction was extensively used as a symbol or an expression of truth to its origin representing transparency and purity at the core of the city. Concrete gave the building a bulky yet look of truthfulness. Landscaping 12 | P a g e • • • • • • At the front of the structure there is a Park Plaza, two blocks long and one block wide, bounded by Young, Ervay, Marilla and Akard streets. The Plaza includes a 180-foot (55m) diameter reflecting pool which also contains large floating sculptures designed by Marta Pan. Variable-height fountain, Park benches and three distinctive 84-foot (26m) high flagpoles. The Plaza is landscaped with trees and plants which is native to Texas specifically live oaks and red oaks. Three piece sculpture titled, “The Dallas Piece” was designed by Henry Moore for the Plaza that resembles a vertebrae. Local Landscape architecture firm Myrick, Newberg, Dahlberg and Partners designed the park plaza and fountain in response to Pei’s triangular form. d) Floor Plans and Circulation 13 | P a g e e) Materials and Technology • • • • • Pei wanted the building to feel like an organic product that is originated from the region that’s why he was inclined to use a buffcolored concrete for construction and finishings because it resembled the local earth tones. The structure is built as a cast-in-place for interiors and exteriors. Concrete itself gives an illusion of a raw and sturdy structural form. It is evident that his design is visually symmetric thus the building form used the repetition of structural elements as a way of making a demanding design more affordable. The cantilevered floors are supported by 14 large bearing walls. The wall section is about 18 inches thick, arranged in seven pairs. The pairs describe a width of 14 feet, except in cases where they flank the staircase towers. There is 11 foot wide areas enclosed by the pairs to house the mechanical and electrical services. In between the pairs are 65 feet 4 inches of office space. f) Unique Site Features 14 | P a g e • The structure contained 1,400 workshops. It had few floor-to-ceiling walls, using instead five, six and seven foot high partitions to create separate spaces. The absence of walls allowed every employees and visitors to have a window views from all areas. 15 | P a g e • • • • • The second floor of the hall contained a Great Court because of its 76 meters length and the uninterrupted height to the vaulted ceiling is approximately 100 feet or 30 meters above. The exterior landscaping involves Park Plaza which has public parks elements and features including plants and trees. There is a state-of-the-art Conference center that has 156-seat auditorium and three conference room. 1325 car capacity garage. The first and second floor accommodates Public facilities, Action Center, Water Utility Bureau and consumer Affairs. MEMURO TOWN HALL a) Introduction The Memuro town hall government building was rebuilt to take advantage of the site that serves as a node between the center of the town (station and shopping/commercial district) and public facilities bridging its gap, creating an open government building which invites an intimate town development that can be walked around. The site was located in the vibrant region of Tokachi region. The architects involved in the project are Atelier BNK (situated in Hokkaido, Japan, focuses on Public architecture, Cultural architecture, and Mixed-use architecture) 16 | P a g e and Sozo Sekkeisha (Mainly focused on public architecture), they envisioned a space that would foster a sense of community engagement which in turns promotes an open government philosophy through inclusive design. The Memuro town hall was completed on the year 2021. b) Location - Geographical Location • Memuro Town Hall, 2 Chome-14 Higashi 2 Jo, Memuro, Kasai District, Hokkaido 082-0012, Japan - Adjacent Land Uses/Building • Tou/tell natural and organic store • Nail and hair salon • Taiyodo Pharmacy • Malanger Labo (confectionery store) • こがねちゃん弁当 芽室店 (Box Lunch Supplier) • Central Ryokuchi Park • Local Government Office • JAめむろ • Hardware store • Kisan-Memuro Shop - Accessibilty • The first floor is entirely enclosed with glass façade and can be accessed from three entryways that are directly connected to the streets. 17 | P a g e - Municipal Hall Spaces/Zones • Entrance Hall • Community Hall • Waiting Area • Office • Conference room • Audience Lounge • Assembly Hall • Town Square c) Site Study - About the Site • 4734 m2 GFA • There are 3 entrances at the North, South and East of the Ground floor, East being the main entrance. • There are 42 parking slots located at the northern exterior of the structure - Site Orientation • The site is slightly tilted where the northern part of the site is pointing towards the northwest direction. - Building form and design concept 18 | P a g e • The design approach for the Memuro Town Hall is mainly conceived by its lack of a definitive front or back, presenting a series of compact, square planes that effectively resonates with the residential scale of the surrounding area. • The third floor of the town hall is planned in such a way that its form and the way they deliberately set back it, for it to smoothly harmonize with the local landscape, while the deep eaves extending on all sides shelter the entrances of the town hall which ensures the accessibility from multiple directions. 19 | P a g e • - In terms of the interior of the Memuro town hall, it breaks the traditional layouts of spaces, instead they implement distinct loop flowlines on each level, enhancing navigability. Landscaping • The landscape was designed by a firm named Platz. d) Floor Plans and Circulations 20 | P a g e e) Materials and Technology • RCC and steel frame construction 21 | P a g e • • • Triple-glazed window, maximizes natural light but also ensures the structure’s thermal efficiency. Earthquake-resistant walls and damping dampers are strategically placed to provide stability during natural phenomena without compromising the interior’s openness. The structural plan was designed so that no braces or walls would appear inside. f) Unique Site Features • The ground floor directly opens up to the town that offers spaces where residents can gather and interact, which strengthens the bond within the community. • The interior has its clear structure in which different loop flow lines are provided each floor, and vertical flow lines arranged diagonally are connected. 22 | P a g e • Compact and flexible government building that provides a clear and efficient working environment and in the future, can respond to organizational changes and complications. • The office spaces is located at the center of the square plan while the movement paths designed around it. The office area uses a universal layout without a chief desk in which eliminates wasted space and boosting efficiency. • 23 | P a g e UPPSALA TOWN HALL a) Introduction The building was originally designed and proposed by Erik and Tore Ahlsen way back in 1960’s and had planned a “late modernist” design included four fivestory buildings congregating around a central outdoor courtyard. The construction of the said building was met with financial struggles which led to be completed prematurely in 1964 and one of the building that is in the plan was not constructed in its entirety. Only two of the four interconnected buildings were fully constructed and the third building only had three stories rather than the intended five. This resulted to the change of building layout/shape into an L-shape and the envisioned courtyard remained undefined and it ended up being used as a mere parking lot. Because of this the Uppsula Town Hall was never able to meet its intended function of housing all the municipal departments and agencies. Some departments and agencies were scattered across the entire city. The lack of Assembly hall, forced the elected official to hold their meeting and discussions in the nearby Concert Hall. This stayed for over 50 years and its premature state comes to an end in 2016. In 2016, the city administration commissioned Henning Larsen, SLA (naturebased design studio) and sustainability specialists, Tyrens with the building, restoration and redesign work. With this restoration and addition, new elements added to the existing structure, the Town Hall now covers a total of 25,000 square meters. With its transparent architecture the newly designed town hall engages 24 | P a g e the citizen within the area of municipality. There is a passageway leading through the ground floor which are called the public “heart” of the building which invites the visitors to linger along with range of services offered such as an addition of café, restaurant, shops and exhibition rooms. The new, publicly accessible complex preserves the heritage of the old building while adding over 14,000 square meters of new spaces which means that the town hall can now finally accommodate all the facilities that the city administration needs. The project was finished in 2021. b) Location - Geographical Location • Uppsala Municipality, Stadshusgatan 2, 753 21 Uppsala, Sweden - Adjacent Land Uses/Building • Myorna Second hand store • Uppsala City Theater • Gunnar Leches park • Best Western Hotel Svava • Region Uppsala (Health Center) • Clarion Collection Hotel Uppsala • Vinterdagen Arkitekt (architecture firm) • Pakvis Halsocenter (massage spa) • Flying Tiger Copenhagen • Lars Hallgren Arkitektkontor (architecture firm) - Accessibilty 25 | P a g e • • • - There is a passageway that runs through th rough the ground floor of the building forming the heart of the town hall. The site is accessible to 4-lane intersecting roads of Kungsgatan and Vaksalagatan, West and north of the site respectively. 258 meters away from the Uppsala Central Station (train station). South of the site. Municipal Hall Spaces/Zones • Entrance Hall • Waiting Area • Office • Conference room • Audience Lounge • Assembly Hall • Municipal council chamber • Town Square • Public Area (Café, Shops, Restaurant) • Exhibition hall • atrium c) Site Study - About the Site • Site area: 25000 m2 • There are 4 entrances at the northern part of the building, 4 at the west and 1 at the south. • There are entrances at the north and south of the building that leads to the public area or courtyard. • 8 entrances at the inner courtyard and 3 doorways to the assembly hall. - Site Orientation • The site is tilted where the northern part of the site is pointing towards the northwest direction. - Building form and design concept 26 | P a g e • The design philosophy of the building is inspired by Kintsugi which is Japanese philosophy and art of repairing. It is also a Japanese art of repairing pottery with gold. The transformation of the town hall visibly repairs and restores the old premature design into something modern and sustainable with addition of new techniques and technology. Connecting the original building with a new one. 27 | P a g e • Taking inspiration from the Japanese Philosophy, instead of gold, they use glass to envelope the structure which allowed past, present and future to come together in the new version of the town hall. • Sustainability and urban quality of life is the driving force of the project as the architects were aiming for an attractive, environmentally friendly design that would bring people together. The interior of the building itself should also contribute to the sense of openness and democracy. • - Landscaping • The Landscaping design/plan was handled by SLA firm • Three public entrances lead directly into an atrium with greenery and walkways across to an attractive courtyard building. Large and welcoming expanses of glass and leafy trees makes an effective indoor environment. 28 | P a g e d) Floor Plans and Circulations 29 | P a g e 30 | P a g e e) Materials and Technology 31 | P a g e • • • • • • The 1500 m2 indoor courtyard was covered by cantilevered domeshaped glass roof, weighing 700 tons. To maintain the architectural value of the building, all materials are in high-quality and are used consistently throughout the areas. The new façade of the building, instead of wood which they initially opted, because of project constraints they opted with treated aluminum window frames colored with burnt red color inspired by the building’s existing stone cladding. The glazing, mounted frames, and joints of the façade were precisely measured to ensure that a limited amount of street noise was audible from the interior. Cedar and oak were used for the entries which offers a softer materiality that the rest of the façade while clearly guiding entrants into the building. New air circulation system that pumps fresh air into offices, which is naturally heated, and then extracted to warm the courtyard. 32 | P a g e • The construction project used 60 tonnes of Lithomex Easy Jointing sand used in the joints of the pavements in the outdoor area. As this area has heavy traffic and heavy loads. f) Unique Site Features • • • Newly added spaces for both public and officials such as café, restaurant, shops and exhibition facilities. A 1500 m2 indoor courtyard covered with dome-shaped glass roof which offers an inclusive space for residents, municipality staff, and public officials to gather, and a sculptural building which is situated within the courtyard in which the municipal chambers and assembly hall are located. Permanent office spaces have been relinquished in favor of flexible working areas. This means that the employees can choose the type of workplace/ activity zones they want. A high-focus zone (work undisturbed), medium-focus zone (employees/staff can work individually or collaboration), and a low-focus zone (with open working areas). 33 | P a g e • When it comes to color of the interiors, the northern end of the building is dominated by cool colors such as blue and green while the southern end features warm colors, with red and yellow being the prominent. It was intended to bring to mind a flower meadow with different plants, colours and impressions in which collectively form an attractive whole. It’s a metaphor for the diversity and creativity which can be found within the building. 34 | P a g e ETTERBEEK CITY HALL a) Introduction The new Etterbeek City Hall is located in front of a main road, on Casernes Avenue which was previously the grounds of a former military hospital. The project is completed on 2020 and was designed in collaboration of two architectural firms, BAEB and Bureau Jaspers & Eyers Architects. Emmanuel Bouffioux, Ochogavia Juan, Stefaan Van Acker, and Peter Ory are the lead architects of the project. The main objective on building this structure was to redefine the identity of the Etterbeek administration by putting all various functions and facilities into a single building which includes the city administration, social action center, and a local police station. The distinctive design was crafted to enhance communication and connectivity between existing neighborhoods. The project is composed of different buildings composed of different function. The first building is composed of New administrative Center, Public Center for Social Action, Police station, and Basement which houses parking lot and funeral home. The second building is composed of housing which has 41 dwelling units and a public restaurant. The Etterbeek City Hall garnered many awards which includes Architizer A+ Awards 2021, International Property AwardsPublic Services-Winner 2021, Green Solutions Awards- Winner 2021, and Architectural competition-Winner 2014. 35 | P a g e b) Location - Geographical Location • Etterbeek City Hall, Av. des Casernes 31, 1040 Etterbeek, Belgium - Adjacent Land Uses/Building • Delhaize St Antoine (Grocery store) • Les Parquets du Monde (Wood and laminate flooring supplier in Etterbeek, Belgium) • Chapelle de l’ancien hospital d’Etterbeck (chapel) • St. Anthony of Padua • OdontoSmile: Clinique Dentaire Pluridisciplinaire et d’Urgence • Higher Institute Continuing Education D’etterbeek • Police federale-Quartier de Witte de Haelen • Police Federale Geruzet (Police Academy) - Accessibilty 36 | P a g e • • • • The communal house which is part of the project was positioned on the corner between Casernes Avenue and Beckers Street to maximize the visibility. A pedestrian path that crosses the project was proposed to link the future park with the new square. The position of the housing building creates link between the future dwellings. 1 min to the shopping district 37 | P a g e • • • • • - 10 mins to the university campus, on foot 12 mins to the European institution by car 11 mins to the Etterbeek Station, on foot 9 mins to leave Brussels by car 1 min to tram and buses, on foot Municipal Hall Spaces/Zones • The administrative building serves as the new City hall of Etterbeek which houses the Public Social Action Center of Etterbeek and a local Police Station. • Cabinet of the mayor • Wedding halls • Elder men’s office • Large hall (where city council meets) • Urban planning • Employment office • Training rooms • ‘cosy corner’ (for elderly visitors) • Exhibition space • Grand double-leveled lobby • Public plaza • Apartment block (subsidized housing) c) Site Study - About the Site • Site area: 35000 m2 • There are three entrances (one entrance is for the employees) at the Administrative Building or the City Hall and one at the police station • Surface above ground: 20.510 m2 • Surface Underground: 12.260 m2 • The overall surface is 19,063 m2 which is subdivided into following: Residential (4,292 m2), CPAS (4,170 m2), Restaurant (310 m2), Police Station (2,085 m2), City Hall (9,126 m2) - Site Orientation • The site is tilted where the northern part of the site is pointing towards the northwest direction. - Building form and design concept 38 | P a g e • • • • • - The distinctive design and its organic shape was intended to enhance communication and connectivity between existing neighborhood. The organic shape gracefully flow around the public spaces, forming plazas, pathways, and courtyards that contribute to a more integrated and harmonious urban environment. The Mayor of Etterbeek stated: “In the new building the city goes towards the citizens, not the other way around”. The strategic layout of the City hall lobby ensures quick and efficient guidance from the front desk to the required services. The city hall was envisioned to be a modular concept to evolve over time based on the evolving needs of its user. The building emphasizes sustainability and energy efficiency aligning with the most recent passive energy standards. Landscaping • The design connects the park to Avenue des Casernes. • Placing the structure behind the property line, they created a plaza out front where the building opens up to the city and welcomes all visitors. • The new town hall is making a part of the new housing neighborhood, with a park at the center. 39 | P a g e d) Floor Plans and Circulation 40 | P a g e 41 | P a g e 42 | P a g e 43 | P a g e e) Materials and Technology • • • • The lovers and panels used on exterior façade is made out of Ultra High-Performance Concrete. A very specific mix of concrete together with composite fibers, allows for the realization of hollow elements with thin surface. To reduce the use of columns on the ground floor and in the hall, the north wing is suspended by an important steel truss system. The contractors had to design a load-bearing steel curtain wall in order to hold the weight of the sunshades. 44 | P a g e • • • • The city hall consists of prefabricated and situ-concrete in combination with steel girders and trusses in more difficult areas. Same as the apartment building’s structure. City hall’s Indoor divisions were constructed using glass partitions, light gypsum board structures, gypsum blocks, and concrete blocks. The Apartment building’s facing of the ground floor is architectural concrete while the upper floors are in white stucco. Its indoor division are mainly concrete and gypsum blocks. All louvers and panels are attached to horizontal U-shaped steel rails. These steel rails are suspended on the outside of the curtainwall to prevent cold bridging and to avoid penetrating the air-vapor and water tightness barriers of the building skin. 45 | P a g e • • • • • • • • The façade was made out of glass which is protected by sunscreens. Office areas are fully glazed with solar control triple glazing and all closed walls have PIR insulation layer of 23 cm thickness. Solar panels on the roof together with pile cooling under the lower basement enables the building to produce energy and to reduce further the consumption of fossil fuels. Rainwater is stored for reuse in flushing toilets and it is buffered to avoid overflow of the sewage system in case of heavy rainfall. Heat recovery on all ventilation units. Smart interior lighting system The window of the police station is made out of bullet proof glazing (BR6-S). The underground parking is equipped with an automated smoke extract system. f) Unique Site Features 46 | P a g e • The large lobby works as a hub from which visitors can easily be guided to the services they need. • Common areas on the mezzanine floors have been designed to create pleasant and stimulating spaces to enable connection between various users of the building. 47 | P a g e • • • • • The apartment block are mostly 2-and 3-bedroom flats. All of the 41 apartments have a front and rear view and each have an outdoor space. The building complies with the latest passive energy standards. Sober elements, like warm wood, neutral grey concrete, dark steel elements and loads of natural green flourishes, where chosen to give accent to the green surroundings and to echo them. The building has been designed with a high-performance glass façade. Compact building volume, orientation and lay-out of the building is designed in such a way to minimize solar impact and reduce heat loss. 48 | P a g e • • • • Green roofs serve as a water buffer and helps aid in improving biological life. Ample interior bicycle storage with shower and exchange facilities foe employee. Ample exterior bicycle storage. High escape capacity has been provided for all the public areasin corridors, staircases and escape doors. Synthesis The Hui van Albrandswaard is designed in such a way that it is compact and round unlike other municipal building which is typical of rectangle which is derived from classical or neo-classical grid systems. Their decision of making it round is to have accessibility in all of its circumfernece which means that it is transparent in every direction and the user can see it in every angle. Due to its transparent layout, the civil servants and the politicians are visible to the visitors. Comparing this to a rectangle, it has a smaller circumference meaning that it conserves outer spaces for additional landscaping. The Dallas City Hall is designed by one of the famous architects I.M. Pei. His/their approach of its design is an inverted pyramid with minimalist design because the designers wanted it to resonate and to have dialogue with the people residing Dallas, representing the people in Dallas. Pei wanted it to be welcoming to the public as they go inside the building. The offices and counters where the public usually conducts its businesses is placed at the ground level to provide easy accessibility for the users. The spaces gradually increase at the top to provide spaces for the offices that run the government. The color of the concrete used is specificily picked for the reason that Pei wanted it to be organic as possible to reflect that the building came from the materials that is originated from the region which is local earth tones. The interior includes 1,400 workshops and the absence of walls allows both employees and visitors to have window views from all areas. The Memuro town hall was rebuilt and place on a site that takes advantage of the node between the center of the town and piblic facilities. The building acts as a gap fillers that connects both nodes allowing for an open government building which creates an inviting town development. The architects/designers want it to foster community engagement within the vibrant region of Tokachi. The approach was more in line with the Hui van Albrandswaard which lacks of a definitive front and back which perfectly 49 | P a g e weaves with the residential scale of the surrounding area. The ground floor of the structure directly opens up to the town that offers spaces where people can gather and interact. The interior strays away from the traditional layout, prompting to a distinct loop flowlines on each level providing visitors and officials an enhance navigability. The office spaces are designed to be flexible to accommodate future organizational changes and complications. The Uppsala Town hall remains on its premature state for over 50 years because of financial struggles prompting designers and contractors to change the plan making some of its feature not fully realized. But in 2016, it began the restoration and addition of building elements maximizing its capacity to current population of the area and to be in line with the surrounding design modernity. The concept of this building came from a japanese philosophy “Kintsugi” which is an art of repairing which the designers prompted to do connecting the original building with a new one. They wanted it to be sustainable while giving an urban wuality of life that’s why they make sure that the past is intact and connect it to the present/modern approach. The ground floor has a direct accesss to the public courtyard where residents, municipality staff and public officials gather into one area. Office spaces is segregated into three zones depending on the weight of their works. Colors of the interior metaphorically reflects the diversity and creativity of each people working inside the building. The architects/designers of the Etterbeek City Hall wanted the structure to redefine the identity of the Etterbeek administration, putting all various functions into one building. Aside from City hall there are also other buildings that is part of the site the second building is the Public center and the other one is vertical housing that includes 41 dwellings. The exterior “wave” design of the building actually acts as a form of direction that leads towards public space at the center of all the buildings. This organic shape gracefully flow to public spaces which connects harmoniously to the urban environment. 50 | P a g e 51 | P a g e BACOOR CITY HALL a) Introduction The city government of Bacoor was previously located at Barangay Tabing Dagat ans was rebuilt at Molino Boulevard, Brgy. San Nicolas II because the old municipal hall could no longer accommodate the growing needs of the local government. On March 2, 2012 a two-hectares of lot was donated by Senator Manny Villar and Narcimiano Gawaran of the Addas Development Corporation where the new government building of 11,200 square meters was built. The estimated cost of the project was about 497 million pesos. The city hall building was inaugurated on September 29, 2015, which is in time with the City’s 344th founding anniversary celebration led by then Mayor Strike B. Revilla. Aside from city hall, the Bacoor Government complex also houses other government offices such as the National Bureau of Investigation, Department of Trade and Industry, Philippine Statistics Authority, Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board and Overseas Workers Welfare Administration. On 2022, upon reassuming the mayorship of Revilla, the Bacoor Government Center was renamed as City of Bacoor Government Center (CBGC) to avoid confusion with the BGC acronym of Bonifacio Global City. Aside from the stated buildings, there is also a homecourt Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League team, city’s command center for fire, police, and traffic. Other accessories spaces 52 | P a g e includes business center for Meralco, PLDT, and Bayad Center and kiosks from Smart and Sun and some food outlets. b) Location - Geographical Location • CXJ9+F73 Bacoor City Hall, Bacoor Blvd, Bacoor, Cavite - Adjacent Land Uses/Building • Robinson Supermarket • Princeton Heights Filinvest • MMS Bacoor Building • Main Square Shopping mall • Flex Fuel • Royal Enfield Bacoor (motorcycle dealer) • Otomoto Truck Bus • Villa Antonia • Ignacio Subdivision • All Home Shopping mal • Vittoria Subdivision • Jollibee and McDonalds - Accessibilty 53 | P a g e • • The main entrance is accessible at the intersection of NOMO avenue and Bacoor Blvd both are 20 meters wide with 6 lanes. The city hall can also be accessed through the Onelia Jose rd (12-meter wide rd. with 4 lanes) which goes at the back of All Home shopping mall which leads to the right side of the site where the city hall is located. c) Site Study - About the Site • Site area: 20000 m2 • Floor Area: 11,200 m2 • Site Orientation: The front of the city hall is facing west. - Building form and design concept • The overall design of the city hall is a union of contemporary and neoclassical design, merging the past and present architecture. 54 | P a g e d) Floor Plans, Circulations and Spaces 55 | P a g e 56 | P a g e e) Unique Site Features • • The three-story building was also built as a green building Houses all the necessary services needed by the municipalities and is accessible to all the users both the people and officials. 57 | P a g e • The city hall is part of the complex that is adjacent to other buildings that also serves necessary functions within the municipality this includes SP Conference room, Bacoor city gymnasium, Bulwagan ng Liga ng barangay, Bacoor government center, City Health center, City School Division, Philippine National Police, Bacoor central Fire station, and Bacoor City Employees Multi-purpose cooperative. TAGUM CITY HALL a) Introduction The Tagum City hall was designed by an Australian-based architect named Sol Flores and the budget for the project is about 800 million pesos. The building will be mostly made out of glass and steel that houses the executive and legislative branches of the city government. The project was started on February 14, 2008. It becomes the venue where the 11th musikahan sa Tagum Festival is performed in Febraury 2012. 58 | P a g e b) Location - Geographical Location • CRRG+7CC New City Hall of Tagum, J.V. Ayala Avenue, Apokon Rd, Tagum, Davao del Norte - Adjacent Land Uses/Building • Jesus V. Ayala Hall • FE Misa Ayala Senior’s Park • DSWD-Angel;s Haven • Tagum City Open Arena • Sunflower Garden • White Lampschool Incorporated • Apokon Elementary School • St. Lorenzo Ruiz Academy of Tagum, Inc. - Accessibilty 59 | P a g e • • • The city hall is accessible on the Apokon Rd (12 meter wide, 4 lane rd.) that connects to the 6-lane road dedicated to the main entrance of the city hall. Residences on the east side can access the city hall through Tagum Bridge River mountain to Marquez rd. to the Apokon rd. 5.7 kilometers from Tagum Overland Transport Integrated terminal c) Site Study - About the Site • Site area: approximately 70000 m2 • Floor Area: 11,000 m2 • Site Orientation: The front of the Tagum city hall is oriented to the west. - Building form and design concept • The design of the structure is depicted as the most modern city hall in the Philippines bearing no resemblance or hints of the usual GrecoRoman building of most government units in the country. d) Floor Plans, Circulation, and Spaces (No floor plans available) • • • • • • • • • City Engineers office Office of the mayor/Executive & support Services Section Office of the City Civil Registrar Business Permit & Licensing Division Office of the Civil registrar Terminal division Office of the City Budget PEESO Tagum Philippine Red Cross-Davao Del Norte Chapter Civil Service Commission 60 | P a g e • Public Library e) Unique Site Features • • • Inside, at the center of the city hall is the atrium which is intended to stage various civic and cultural events of the city. The atrium is enveloped by municipal services areas/rooms like the executive and legislative branches. The building has 3 floors. It has a second floor lobby that is accessible on the atrium. 61 | P a g e • In front of the city hall there are sculptures by the renowned Davaoeno, Kublai Millan, which depicts the different faces of the city as the Music Capital of Mindanao. 62 | P a g e ILOILO CITY HALL a) Introduction The new Iloilo City Hall was completed in August 2011 as the replacement for the Old Iloilo City Hall after the city government donated it to the University of the Philippines Visayas and now serves as the UP Visayas Main Building. The new Iloilo city hall was the first green building in Visayas which features a solar powered air-conditioning system, a rooftop garden, and a rain harvesting area. The building has 8 floors. At the top of the building there is an 18-foot bronze statue that was inspired by “The Lady of Freedom” which stands as a symbol of “Freedom triumphant in War and Peace” which draws parallel to the Iloilo statue that signifies aspirations of hope and peace. The statue was designed by Ed Defensor and cast by Franz Herbich in Cebu Philippines. 63 | P a g e b) Location - Geographical Location • Iloilo City Hall, De la Rama St, Iloilo City Proper, Iloilo City, 5000 Iloilo - Adjacent Land Uses/Building • San Jose Placer Parish Church • BPI IloIlo Main Branch • Landbank Plaza Libertad • Museum of Philippine Economic History • Development Bank of the Philippines • Iloilo New Freedom Grandstand • ISC Iloilo Society Commercial • Megalink Metacenter Inc. • Red Plaza (Commercial building) • Government Service Insurance System - Accessibilty 64 | P a g e • The site can be accessed along JM Basa St. (3 way rd.), Zamora St.(2way rd.), and Calasanz St. (2-way rd) c) Site Study - About the Site • Site area: Approx. 16,000 m2 • Floor Area: Approx. 3,000 m2 • Site Orientation: The building is facing the Southeast direction - Building form and design concept • The structure was characterized by neo-classical features, including uniformly arched windows, high ceilings, a dome, and extensive patio furniture. d) Floor Plans, Circulation and Spaces (No floor plans available) • The spaces inside the structure is a typical required spaces for municipal services such as civil registry, mayor’s office etc. 65 | P a g e e) Unique Site Features • • • The building is the first green building in Visayas incorporating solar powered air-conditioning system, a rooftop garden, and a rain harvesting area. At the top of the dome lies a bronze sculpture made by Ed Defensor and cast by Franz Herbich in Cebu Philippines. The overall design embodies the neo-classical style that is typical of government building which greatly signifies cohesion of past to present. 66 | P a g e PUERTO PRINCESA “THE NEW GREEN CITY HALL” a) Introduction The structure is a state-of-the art city hall and convention center which has become one the city’s latest eco-friendly tourist destinations. The new green city hall is located at Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa in Palawan and was built around 2012 and completed around 2014. What makes it “green city hall” its because of its sustainable design with natural topography and contour of the hill. It is also called its name because it adopted the concept of green architecture. The fourstory city hall was designed by University of the Philippines Diliman’s College of Architecture Dean Jose Danilo Silvestre and his firm Danilo Silvestre and Associates and has a project cost of approximately 742 million pesos. It is considered to be the “first Government green infrastructure project in the Philippines and the first to integrate water treatment facility in Palawan. 67 | P a g e b) Location - Geographical Location • QPMJ+4HG Puerto Princesa City Hall, Puerto Princesa, Palawan - Adjacent Land Uses/Building • Sports Complex • Western Philippines University • Puerto Princesa CityNational Science High School • PSU College of Teacher Education. • Balayong Interactive Water Park • Recreation Garden • PHIVOLCS Puerto Princesa Seismic Station • Palawan State Dormitory • Hall of Justice Puerto Princesa • Registry of deeds Puerto Princesa • Sta. Monica Motorcross Race Track • DepEd Division of Puerto Princesa • DOLE Puerto Princesa - Accessibilty 68 | P a g e • • The site can be accessed along the Puerto Princesa South Rd. to F.Rafols jr. or through the road along the Balayong People’s park going to the Balayong rotunda and finally to the road directly leads to the site. There is also a road going to the city hall and can be accessed by the residents at the western part. c) Site Study - - About the Site • Site area: Approx. 16000 m2 • Floor Area: Approx. 8,000 m2 • Site Orientation: The entrance of the building is facing the northern direction. Building form and design concept • The overall design of the city hall is a modern approach and it follows the natural topography and contour of the hill reducing the negative impact on the environment. d) Floor Plans, Circulation and Spaces (No floor plans available) • The spaces inside the structure is a typical required spaces for municipal services such as civil registry, mayor’s office etc. e) Unique Site Features 69 | P a g e • • The city hall has its own treatment facility, solar panels, roof garden, helipad, generator and power supply accessories, and fire-fighting facility. The design of the structure allows the use of natural light of the sun and good quality of air indoors providing energy efficiency, and less use of non-biodegradable materials. 70 | P a g e Synthesis Bacoor City Hall design is a contemporary with a touch of neo-classical facade as evident to the front facade of the building with an exposed column. The building itself is also a green building and houses all the necessary services needed within the municipalities. Some structures within the site is still on the construction phase, this will extend its services which will provide additonal functions of the site. The Tagum city hall, is unconventional attempt from the traditional design of a city hall which is a rectangle in shape. The design of the building depicted as the most modern city hall in the Philippines that strays away from the usual GrecoRoman building of the most government building here in the Philippines. The shapes mainly composed of rounded and elliptical shapes which is far from the usual squarish design of city hall. The most notable space inside the structure is the naturally ventilated large atrium which is intended for civic and cultural events of the city. Iloilo City hall’s design is the usual neo-classical design with a touch of modernity. The city hall has 8 floors and on top of the building there is an 18-foot bronze statue that signifies aspirations of hope and peace which aligns with the city hall’s main mission to its municipalities. Also, this building is the first ever green building in Visayas that incorporated solar powered air-conditioning system, rooftop garden, and a rain harvesting area. “The new green city hall” of Puerto Princesa is a sustainable contemporary designed city hall and it follows the contour of the hill which considered as the first government green infrastructure project in the Philippines. This city hall is one of the uniquely designed city hall in the Philippines straying away from the usual design and incorporating technologies and new strategies that caters to both users and natural environment. CONCLUSION City halls/municipal halls/town halls are known for its vertical and rectangular shape reflecting authority, strength, stability and balance. But throughout the years more city halls adapt to the current demand and conditions which prompted deaigners to experiment various shapes sometimes resorting into unconventional design to make it standout amongst the surrounding structure. But despite these differences in terms of 71 | P a g e design whether it is traditional or contemporary, there are three commonalities among them that stand out the most the first one being, the structure should reflect the history and culture of the municipalies or town. This creates a character to the building creating a bridge between past and the present. Despite being modern in design there are still hints of the cultural background ghat can be seen to its design. The second commonalities is that the city hall or municipal hall should be accessible in terms of transportation and its walkability within the area. It should be some sort a landmark or monument that stands out among the surrounding structures so that users can identify its functions. The last and final commonalities is that the city hall’s functionalities and services should be within the site or inside the hall. This makes it easier to both officials and visitors to have easy access to various services they needed without resorting into long minutes of walking. By these, the functionality of the city hall is efficient and the process that takes typically longer will be shorten. Other municipalities tries to add more than the spaces required for a municipal or city hall. Some add police stations, health center and fire station. Some add public pr common spaces to enhance interactions between users and officials and sometimes it has shops to buy things or foods while waiting. These public spaces can either be interior and exterior which connects the building to its surrounding environment. But of course these additional spaces still depends on the demand of the users but it is best to includes these things to provide new areas that will make the city hall standout. Other building also incorporate green and sustainable architecture to make the building a safer place and also safe to the natural environment. By the end of it all City Hall must be designed in such a way that it is recognizable and reflects the cultural background of the municipalities and must adhere to the need of the users and most importantly it is accessible to all. 72 | P a g e REFERENCES 73 | P a g e
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