Name: _______________________________________
Class: ________________________
Topic: Flower
Parts of a flower
Sepal
Sepals are the exterior parts of a flower that protect the interior flower while it emerges. The sepal creates a bud
around the emerging flower, and its key responsibilities are to protect the flower as it grows and prevent it from
drying out.
Petals
Petals exist to draw pollinators to the flower. It is for this reason that they are often brightly colored, showy, and
of interesting patterns and sizes. The petals together form what is known as the corolla of the plant.
Stamens
The stamen is the male reproductive organ of a flower. Each stamen contains two main parts. The filament is the
long cylindrical tendril part of the stamen, while the anther is a sac that sits at the top of the filament. The
function of the filament is simply to hold up the anther.
 Filament
The filament is the thin tubular part of the stamen that extends and supports the pollen sac (anther) at the top.
 Anther
The anther sits at the top of the filament of a stamen and produces and contains the pollen.
Name: _______________________________________
Pistil
Class: ________________________
The ovule producing part of a flower. The ovary often supports a long style, topped by a stigma.
 Ovary
The ovary produces and contains unfertilized seeds. It sits centrally inside the flower at the base of the carpel.
Once fertilized, it is the ovary that develops into the fruit of the plant.
 Style
The style is the elongated part of a carpel that joins the ovary to the stigma. It is the tube through which pollen is
delivered to the ovary.
 Stigma
The stigma sits at the top of the carpel, and its job is to capture pollen. It is often sticky in texture or contains tiny
hair-like structures to help pollen adhere to its surface.
Ovule
Ovules are contained within the ovary, and in the event of successful pollination, they will become the seed of
the fruit.
Receptacle
A receptacle sits at the top of a stalk underneath the main portion of the flower. It is often enlarged to support the
weight of the flower, or the fruit when it develops. Its main function is to both connect the stalk to the flower and
to support the flower.
Activity #1
Name: _______________________________________
Class: ________________________
Topic: Parts of a Seed and Their Functions
A seed is a structure that encloses the embryo of a plant in a protective outer covering. Under favorable
conditions of growth, a seed gives rise to a new plant, using the nutrients stored in them.
The union of the male and female reproductive cells inside the ripened ovule of a flower helps in the formation
of seeds in a plant. Different seeds have different sizes, shapes, and colors that participate in the reproduction of
flowering plants.
A typical seed consists of three main parts: 1) seed coat, 2) endosperm, and 3) embryo.
1) Seed Coat
They are the protective outer covering of a seed that is usually hard, thick, and brownish in color. The seed coat
is formed from the outer covering of the ovule called the integument. It usually contains two layers: i) testa – the
thick outer layer, and ii) tegmen – the delicate inner layer.
A seed coat has the following parts:
a) Micropyle – the small opening present at one end of the seed coat
b) Hilum – the region from which the seed breaks off from the fruit, leaving a scar
Functions




Protecting the seed from physical and mechanical damage
Preventing the seed from germination even under favorable conditions of growth (seed dormancy)
Preventing the excessive loss of water from the seeds
Acting as a physical barrier against the entry of parasites
Name: _______________________________________
Class: ________________________
2) Endosperm
It is a tissue that is rich in oil, starch, and protein. Depending on the presence or absence of endosperm, seeds are
of two types:
Functions


Storing of reserve foods that provide nourishment to the developing plant
Protecting the embryo, the next part of the seed, by acting as the mechanical barrier
3) Embryo
They are the young plant that is developing inside the seed coat. An embryo contains the underdeveloped tissues
of leaves, stem, and roots of a plant.
What are the Parts of an Embryo of a Seed

Epicotyl – The tiny shoot of an embryo, from which the entire shoot system develops. The tip of the
epicotyl is called plumule.

Hypocotyl – The stage of transition for the growing shoot and root of the embryo

Radicle – The tiny root of the embryo

Cotyledons – They are the leaves of the embryo that provide nourishment to the developing plant. There
are two types of cotyledons present in flowering plants: i) monocotyledonous or monocots – embryo
with one cotyledon and ii) dicotyledonous or dicots – embryo with two cotyledons.
Functions

Giving rise to a new complete new plant

Storing food and nourishing the baby plant
Activity #2
Complete the following table by inserting FIVE examples of monocots and FIVE examples of dicots.
Monocotyledon
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Dicotyledon
Name: _______________________________________
Class: ________________________