ДЕРЖАВНИЙ УНІВЕРСИТЕТ «ЖИТОМИРСЬКА
ПОЛІТЕХНІКА»
ФАКУЛЬТЕТ «БІЗНЕСУ ТА СФЕРИ ОБСЛУГОВУВАННЯ»
Дисципліна: «Англійська мова»
Модуль 1
Виконав студент:
Масний Ігор Юрійович
Група: ГРС-6
Unit 1: Relationships
Warming-up
1. Work individually. Compare and contrast the photographs and say what
topic both photos are connected to. How do you think the people feel?
What relationships do they have?
The photographs likely show different types of relationships. One might depict a close
friendship, with two people laughing or spending time together, while the other could
show a family enjoying a shared activity. Both photos are connected to the topic of
human relationships.
In the first photo, the people might feel happy and relaxed because they are enjoying
time with their friends. Their relationship seems to be built on shared interests and trust.
In the second photo, the people might feel love and support from their family. Their
relationship is based on deep emotional bonds and mutual care.
2. Work individually. Match the phrases (1 – 9) with pictures (a – i). Use
your dictionary to check that you understand all the phrases.
1 – a; 2 – b; 3 – h ; 4 – I; 5 – g; 6 – c; 7 – d; 8 – f; 9 - e
3. Match the following word-combinations with the definitions.
1. to see eye-to-eye on – g) to agree about someone or something with someone
else
2. to get on really well – i) to have a good relationship
3. to have a lot in common – a) to share the same interests or have similar
characteristics
4. to get on like a house on fire – b) to like each other very much and become
friends very quickly
5. to tie the knot – h) to get married
6. to settle down – d) to start living a quiet life in one place, especially when they
get married or buy a house
7. to fall out with – e) to argue with someone and stop being friendly with them
8. to strike up – c) to start something such as a relationship or conversation with
someone in an informal way
9. to enjoy each other’s company – f) to have fun and be happy to be around one
another
4. Complete the sentences with phrases from task 2 (using the appropriate
tense form).
1. They are very good friends and get on really well with each other.
2. Well, I hope you settle down here in such a lovely place.
3. After John fell out with Alice, they sold their house.
4. I thought you two would get on like a house on fire.
5. My father and I see eye-to-eye on most things.
6. He always strikes up a conversation with new people in the library.
7. I was worried that they wouldn't like each other, but in fact they're enjoying each
other’s company.
8. They have been dating each other for quite some time now and are planning to
tie the knot a few months from now.
9. Larry met his wife in San Antonio, where they have settled down and started a
family.
5. Make up sentences of your own with wordcombinations from task 2.
1. They enjoy each other’s company when they go hiking in the mountains.
2. My friends and I have a lot in common because we all love traveling.
3. After the argument, she fell out with her colleague and refused to talk to him.
4. They decided to tie the knot in a beautiful summer ceremony.
5. It's hard to strike up a conversation when you're feeling shy.
Reading
6. What group of relationships do paragraphs in the text belong to? Below
is the list of groups. Put the letter to each paragraph from a to d.
a) Friends: Paragraph 1
b) Pets: Paragraph 2
c) Family: Paragraph 3
d) Relatives: Paragraph 4
7. Read the text and choose the best title for each paragraph
1. Friends – "A Reliable Friend"
2. Pets – "My Best Companion"
3. Family – "Support at Home"
4. Relatives – "Together, We Are Stronger"
8. Answer the questions after the text.
1. Is a friend a very important person in your life? Why?

Yes, because a friend provides support, comfort, and companionship.
2. Do you like pets? Why?

Yes, because they are loyal and always ready to cheer you up.
3. Why do people love plants and trees?

Because they bring relaxation and peace of mind.
9. Match the underlined phrases in the text with definitions given below.
1. to be unkind – cruel
2. to go to someone who can cheer you up – turn to someone
3. to make new friends – strike up
4. to count on someone – rely on someone
5. not to have a good relationship with someone – fall out with someone
6. to feel unhappy because one did something wrong – feel guilty
7. to continue for some time – last
8. to do or have something with someone – share
9. to have a bad character – nasty
10. to have problems – be in trouble
11. not nervous – relaxed
12. to be with someone – keep company
10. Read the text again. Are these sentences true (T) or false (F) or is the
information not mentioned (NM) in the text?
1. A friend is someone you can not rely on when you need help. – False
2. Relationships with nasty people last for a long time. – False
3. We shouldn’t be cruel to animals. – True
4. Plants and trees make people feel relaxed. – True
5. If you get on well with your parents, you can always turn to them. – True
Writing
11. Read the sample letter and write a letter to your parents about
relationships with your new groupmates.
Dear Mum and Dad,
How are you? I hope everything is going well at home. I wanted to write to you about my
new groupmates here at university.
I have classes in Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University. I’m in a group with about
twenty students. They’re all from different towns and cities across Ukraine, like Kyiv,
Rivne, and Vinnytsia. Our teacher, Mrs. Olena, is very supportive and encourages us to
interact and participate in class discussions.
I’ve made a few good friends already. One of them is Andrii; he’s really kind and always
ready to help. There’s also Kateryna, who has a great sense of humor and makes our
study sessions fun. We all enjoy spending time together, whether it’s working on
assignments or just hanging out in the campus café.
It feels great to be part of such a friendly and cooperative group. I’m learning a lot, not
just about my subjects, but also about teamwork and building strong relationships.
I hope to hear from you soon! How is everyone at home?
Love,
Ihor
Speaking
12. Think about your answers to these questions.
How would you describe a “good relationship”?
A good relationship is one where there is mutual trust, respect, and understanding. Both
people support each other in difficult times and celebrate successes together.
Do you prefer to spend time with your family or with your friends?
It depends on the situation. I enjoy spending time with my family for comfort and love,
but I also like being with my friends to have fun and share common interests.
Is it very important to establish good relationships with colleagues (or other
students)? Why? Why not?
Yes, it’s important because good relationships create a positive environment. It’s easier
to work or study together when there’s mutual respect and understanding.
Do you think that Internet relationships can be successful? Why? Why not?
Yes, they can be successful if both people communicate openly and make an effort to
stay connected. However, physical presence and face-to-face interactions are still
important in building strong bonds.
Do you think marriage is still as important as ever? Why? Why not?
It depends on cultural and personal beliefs. For some people, marriage is a significant
commitment that symbolizes love and unity. For others, it’s less important because they
focus on emotional connection rather than formalizing the relationship.
13. Describe a person you are very close to. You should say:
One person I am very close to is my best friend Yegor. We met 7 years ago at school.
Together we organized an entertainment event for our class and we have been
inseparable ever since.
What I like most about Yegor is his sense of humor and loyalty. He always knows how to
make me laugh, even on the hardest days. He is also very reliable - I can count on him
for everything. Whether it's advice, support, or just someone to talk to, he's always there
for me.
14. Work with a partner. Use the following wordcombinations to talk about
relationships between different people.
Parents and children:

Parents often take care of their children by providing them with love, support.
Girlfriends and boyfriends:

Girlfriends and boyfriends are usually deeply attached to each other.
Friends:

True friends take care of each other emotionally and always be there for
someone in tough times.
Colleagues (or groupmates):

Colleagues and groupmates often work together on projects and may look like
a team when they collaborate well.
Sisters and brothers:

Sisters and brothers can have a strong bond if they are deeply attached to each
other.
Reading (CEE)
15. Read the text below. Match choices (A-H) to (1- 5). There are three
choices you do not need to use.
1 - B. Make sure your personalities fit
People with mismatched personalities often face challenges in relationships.
2 - C. Separate your relationship from your school life
Keeping personal arguments away from school prevents unnecessary drama.
3 - F. Communicate!
Many relationship issues arise from a lack of communication.
4 - E. Avoid gossip
Gossip can complicate relationships and lead to misunderstandings.
5 - A. Be your own person
Maintaining individuality is crucial in any relationship to avoid dependency.
16. Read the text below. For questions (1-5) choose the correct answer (A,
B, C or D).
6. B. A solid group of friends doubles our longevity.
7. D. Centenarians age happily.
8. B. It is healthier to read standing.
9. A. There have been no convincing proofs as for the connection between a
balanced diet and human longevity so far.
10. D. There is a strong connection between the time spent on sleeping and
longevity.
Use of English (CEE)
17. Read the text below. For questions (11-20) choose the correct answer
(A, B, C or D).
11. C. through
12. B. put
13. B. came across
14. D. chain
15. A. reports
16. D. by
17. D. visiting
18. A. hidden
19. B. lead
20. A. pass on
Unit 2 Family
1. Work individually. Compare and contrast the photographs and say what
topic both photos are connected to. How do you think the people are
feeling?
The photographs likely show different types of family settings. One might depict a
nuclear family—parents and children spending time together, while the other could
feature an extended family with grandparents, uncles, aunts, and cousins.
In the first photo, the people might feel close and united, emphasizing the importance of
daily support. In the second photo, the extended family members might feel nostalgic
and happy to spend time together, showcasing the value of strong family ties.
2. Work individually. Match the phrases (1 – 6) with pictures (a – f). Use
your dictionary to check that you understand all the phrases.
1- c
2- e
3- b
4- f
5- d
6- a
3. Match the following word-combinations with the definitions.
1. middle-aged adult – f) being of the age intermediate between youth and old age,
between 45 and 65
2. teenager – e) a young person between 13 and 19 years old
3. baby – a) a very young child, especially one that has not begun to walk or talk yet
4. young adult – b) a person who is in his or her late teenage years or early
twenties
5. child – c) a boy or girl from the time of birth until he or she is an adult
6. senior citizen – d) polite expression for an old person
4. Complete the sentences with phrases from task 2
1. Many parents find it hard to understand their children when they are teenagers.
2. Their baby was born last December.
3. The teenager period is characterized by rapid physiological and emotional
changes.
4. Don't be so silly—you’re acting like a child!
5. Discounts are available for senior citizens.
6. Most company directors are middle-aged adults, but this 28-year-old woman is
an exception that proves the rule.
5. Work with a partner. Look at the words in the vocabulary box. Put the
words in pairs. Two words have no pairs. Which ones are they?
Pairs:









aunt – uncle
boyfriend – girlfriend
brother – sister
child – parents
cousin – cousin
daughter – son
father – mother
grandfather – grandmother
nephew – niece


husband – wife
man – woman
Words without pairs:

friend and godmother.
6. Make up sentences of your own with wordcombinations from task 2.
1. The baby was smiling happily in her mother's arms.
2. A middle-aged adult often balances work and family responsibilities.
3. Senior citizens enjoy discounts at many stores and public transport.
4. The child drew a colorful picture for the school project.
5. My sister is a teenager now, and she loves spending time with her friends.
6. The young adult just graduated from university and is looking for a job.
Reading
7. Do you think that family ties are important? What’s your opinion?
Comment using information from the text below.
Yes, family ties are very important. They provide emotional support, guidance, and a
sense of belonging. Families help us grow as individuals and offer a safety net during
difficult times.
9. Match the underlined words in the text with definitions given below:
a) scattered – move away from each other
b) handy – skilful
c) support – to help someone emotionally or in a practical way
d) impossible – something that cannot be expected to happen or exist
e) good-looking – having a pleasingly attractive appearance
f) broad-shouldered – having shoulders which are set far apart
g) keep house – to clean, wash clothes, cook, and do other similar jobs in a home
h) proud – feeling satisfaction and pleasure because of something that you have
achieved or possess
i) clever with hands – skilful in a variety of useful ways
j) take care of – to protect someone or something and provide the things that a person
or thing needs
k) deeply attached – to like someone or something very much because you have
known them or had them for a long time
10. Read the text again. Are these sentences true (T) or false (F) or is the
information not mentioned (NM) in the text?
1. Oleh Klimov is thirty-seven years old. – F
2. He is tall and slim. – T
3. Oleh and his wife have different views on music, books, films, sports. – NM
4. Oleh’s wife is fond of cooking. – T
5. She is a housewife. – F
6. Oleh’s brother is a computer programmer. – F
7. His hobby is music. – T
8. Oleh has a lot of relatives, but they seldom gather together. – T
Writing
11. Write a letter to your friend about member of your family. Include the
following: your opinion, appearence, personality.
Dear Tom,
How are you? I wanted to tell you about my younger brother, Dmytro. He’s eleven years
old and very talented. He loves music, especially playing the guitar and singing, and
even dreams of composing his own songs one day.
Dmytro also takes after our father in both looks and personality. He’s tall, with broad
shoulders, fair hair, and kind grey eyes. He’s very responsible for his age, always
helping our parents around the house and caring for younger relatives.
In addition to music, Dmytro is passionate about computers and wants to become a
specialist like our dad. I think he has a bright future ahead of him!
Write back soon and tell me about your family.
Best,
Ihor
Speaking
12. Think about your answers to these questions.
Do you have a small or an extended family?

I have an extended family. Apart from my parents and siblings, I am close to my
grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins.
Do you ever feel that your parents do not understand you?

Sometimes, yes. They have different perspectives based on their experiences,
but I know they always want the best for me.
Do you share your problems with your family?

Yes, I do. My family is very supportive, and I feel comfortable discussing my
challenges with them.
Do you want to have a family when you grow up?

Absolutely. I think having a family is one of life’s most fulfilling aspects.
Do you think that family ties are important?

Yes, family ties are very important. They provide emotional security, a sense of
belonging, and support during tough times.
13. Describe the person in your family who you most admire. You should
say:
The person I admire most in my family is my grandmother. She is an incredible woman
who has always been a source of wisdom and inspiration for me.
My grandmother grew up during challenging times, but she worked hard to ensure a
better future for her family. She is in her seventies now, but she’s still very active and full
of energy. She loves gardening and grows the most beautiful flowers in her garden.
What I admire most about her is her kindness and strength. She always has a warm
smile and comforting words, no matter the situation. She has taught me the importance
of resilience, patience, and helping others. I hope to inherit some of her amazing
qualities.
14. Work with a partner. Use the words below to talk about stages of life:
To run the house

Parents often run the house when children are young, ensuring everything is
organized and managed properly.
To take care of someone/something

Grandparents usually help take care of their grandchildren by spending time with
them and teaching them important lessons.
To be good at something

Teenagers often discover what they are good at, like sports, music, or
academics, as they grow older.
To be clever with one’s hands

Middle-aged adults might be clever with their hands, fixing things around the
house or engaging in creative hobbies like woodworking.
To take after someone

My brother takes after our father in his love for technology and problem-solving
skills.
To look like someone

She looks like her mother, with the same eyes and smile.
A relative

Our relatives gather every holiday to celebrate traditions and share family stories.
To be deeply attached to someone

Young children are often deeply attached to their parents and look to them for
emotional support.
Reading (CEE)
15. Read the text below. Match choices (A-I) to (1-8). There is one extra
paragraph which you do not need to use.
1. H. Other scientists, however, maintain that happiness is not so difficult to achieve.
2. D. There will always be someone else with more than you, so trying to compete can
often lead to frustration and anxiety.
3. F. In other words, no matter how happy or unhappy an individual event may make us,
this is just a temporary state.
4. C. The latter develops in response to the experiences a person has during his or her
life.
5. B. Such people, for example, seem to find satisfaction in activities which are
meaningful and give a feeling of personal achievement.
6. A. That’s why being part of a social group, such as a family, a community, or a club
adds to their overall sense of well-being.
7. E. To avoid this, it is important to pick a sport or activity you enjoy and which you do
when you want to, rather than when you think you should.
8. G. The key, apparently, is not taking your feelings for granted, but rather learning to
celebrate them.
16. Read the text below. For questions (9-13) choose the correct answer
(A, B, C or D).
9. B. They had specially decorated number plates.
10. C. It was replaced by a container of vegetables.
11. B. She invited everybody to have a meal.
12. C. traditional dances
13. C. Greeks tend to be overweight because of eating too much.
Use of English (CEE)
17. Read the text below. For questions (14-23) choose the correct answer
(A, B, C or D).
14: B. smelled (You smell a fire.)
15: B. Outside (The woman was outside, at the window.)
16: A. scared (The situation would make anyone scared.)
17: C. catch (Catching the baby from a window.)
18: B. arms (You catch someone with your arms.)
19: D. ground (The baby could have fallen to the ground.)
20: C. Later (The mother thanked her later.)
21: C. great (It felt great to help.)
22: A. department (The fire department awards such recognitions.)
23: A. afraid (Never be afraid to help others.)
Unit 3 Friends
1. Work individually. Compare and contrast the photographs and say what
topic both photos are connected to. What aspects of friendship are shown
in each picture? Which shows the most important aspects?
In the first picture, we see children sitting on a dock with their arms around each other.
It’s a lighthearted, happy moment that highlights the fun and closeness of childhood
friendships—just enjoying life together.
The second picture, though, shows a deeper side of friendship. Two women are
hugging, and one looks emotional, maybe crying. It’s about support and being there for
someone in tough times, showing how friends can provide comfort when it’s needed
most.
Both are important, but I think the second photo reflects the true strength of friendship—
being there for each other no matter what.
2. Work individually. Match the phrases (1 – 6) with pictures (a – f). Use
your dictionary to check that you understand all the phrases.
1- f
2- g
3- g
4- h
5- b
6- a
7- e
8-d
3. Match the following word-combinations with the definitions.
1. a close friend
h) good friend, one you know well and trust
2. to betray
d) to not be loyal to your country or a person, often by doing something harmful
such as helping their enemies
3. to pick on smb.
f) to treat someone badly or unfairly
4. to count on smb.
c) to rely on someone or something
5. to appreciate
a) to recognize how good someone or something is and to value him, her, or it
6. to call smb. names
e) to use unpleasant words to describe someone in order to upset them
7. to have each other's backs
b) to be prepared and willing to support or defend someone
8. to be always there for smb.
g) to be available to provide help and support for someone
4. Complete the sentences with words or wordcombinations.
1. The synonym for the word friend is mate.
b) mate
2. We are fond of the same music and like doing the same kinds of sport, we have
a lot in common.
a) have a lot in common
3. My best friend is very honest; he always tells the truth.
b) honest
4. Jane and I like to spend time together as we enjoy each other’s company.
b) enjoy each other’s company
5. When my cousin moved to live in the UK we unfortunately lost touch.
b) lost touch
6. To be a real friend means to share joys and sorrows with your friend.
c) to share joys and sorrows
7. I didn’t get on well with my classmates as they often called me names.
c) get on well with
8. When I'm in trouble my mate always supports me.
b) supports
9. Honesty and kindness are the qualities I appreciate most of all in people.
b) appreciate
10. I often discuss my school life with my parents as they are the only people who
can give me the best advice.
c) give me the best advice
5. Complete the sentences using the verbs.
1. A friend is a person who understands and forgives.
2. A false friend is a person who betrays others.
3. Friendship is a thing that lasts forever.
4. The girls invited Kate to join them, but she refused.
5. Nothing can replace a best friend.
6. Pete’s younger sister doesn’t obey his orders.
7. If you value my friendship, please, share joys and sorrows with me.
6. Make up sentences of your own with wordcombinations from task 2.
1 A close friend:

Sarah is my close friend; we have known each other since childhood.
2 To betray:

He felt devastated when he realized that his best friend had betrayed him.
3 To pick on smb.:

It's unfair to pick on someone just because they are different.
4 To count on smb.:

I know I can always count on my brother for support.
5 To appreciate:

I really appreciate all the help you've given me during this project.
6 To call smb. names:

It’s not nice to call people names, as it can hurt their feelings.
7 To have each other's backs:

In tough times, it’s important for friends to have each other’s backs.
8 To be always there for smb.:

No matter what happens, I promise to always be there for you.
Reading
7. Do you think that family ties are important? What’s your opinion?
Comment using information from the text below.
Friendship is crucial because it provides emotional support, companionship, and a
sense of belonging. Friends are there to share both the good and bad times, which
helps us feel less alone and more understood. They can offer different perspectives,
advice, and a sense of security that family members might not always be able to
provide. Moreover, having strong friendships can lead to better mental health and
overall well-being.
9. Match the underlined words in the text with definitions given below:
1 got acquainted

b) start to know someone by talking or doing something together
2 particularly

a) in addition to; also
3 open-minded

d) willing to consider ideas and opinions that are new or different to your own
4 many-sided

e) having a lot of different features or characteristics
5 Besides (used multiple times in the text)

a) in addition to; also
6 keen on

c) to be enthusiastic about someone or something
10. Answer the questions after the text.
1 Does Taras have a pen-friend abroad?

Yes, Taras has a pen-friend abroad. He got acquainted with Nora, an American
military student, while he was on holiday in Germany.
2 When and where did Taras and Oleh meet?

Taras and Oleh met in the past as they were former classmates.
3 How do Oleh and Taras spend their free time?

Oleh and Taras spend their free time together by visiting each other often, going
to the cinema or theatre, going to the library and reading books together. They
also enjoy engaging in sports, such as swimming and playing tennis.
11. Read the text again. Are these sentences true (T) or false (F) or is the
information not mentioned (NM) in the text?
1.
Last year Taras was on holiday in Poland.
False (F)
2.
There he got acquainted with Sarah, an American military student.
False (F)
3.
Oleh is a driver by profession.
False (F)
4.
Oleh is always open-minded and interested in other people.
True (T)
5.
Oleh’s favourite singers are Andrey Makarevich and Yury Shevchuk, his favourite
group is “The Pink Floyd”.
True (T)
Writing
12. Write a letter to your friend about member of your family. Include the
following: your opinion, appearence, personality.
Dear Tom,
I hope you're doing well! I’m so glad to hear that you’re interested in learning more
about Ukraine.
Ukraine is a beautiful country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Russia to the east
and northeast, Belarus to the north, Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary to the west, and
Romania and Moldova to the southwest. The country covers an area of approximately
603,500 square kilometers, making it the largest country in Europe.
The population of Ukraine is about 41 million people. The capital of Ukraine is Kyiv, a
vibrant city that is not only the political and cultural center of the country but also one of
the oldest cities in Eastern Europe. Ukraine has many beautiful rivers, including the
Dnipro, the longest river in the country, which flows through Kyiv. We also have the
Dniester and the Donets rivers. In terms of seas, Ukraine has access to the Black Sea
and the Sea of Azov, which are very important for trade and recreation.
I am very proud of my country. Ukraine has such a rich history, diverse culture, and
wonderful landscapes. I love it very much, and I think it’s one of the most beautiful
places in the world.
I hope this gives you a better understanding of Ukraine. I look forward to hearing from
you soon!
Best wishes,
Ihor
Speaking
13. Think about your answers to these questions.
1. What are the differences between adults and children in terms of making friends?
o
Children often make friends more easily because they are less concerned
about appearances or social status. They tend to bond over shared
activities, such as playing games or sports.
2. Can adults make friends with children?
o
Yes, adults can make friends with children, but the nature of the friendship
is different from that between adults..
3. What do you think the most important factors are when making friends?
o
The most important factors when making friends are trust, shared
interests, and mutual respect.
4. What are the possible factors that cause the break-up of friendship?
o
Factors that can cause the break-up of a friendship include lack of trust,
betrayal, misunderstandings, or growing apart due to differing life goals or
interests.
5. Why is it difficult for adults to make friends?
o
It can be difficult for adults to make friends because they are often busy
with work, family responsibilities, or other commitments, leaving little time
for socializing.
14. Describe your best friend.
My best friend’s name is Andrii, and I’ve known him for over five years. We have a lot in
common; we both enjoy sports, especially football and we often go to the gym together.
We definitely share both joys and sorrows. When I’m feeling down or going through a
tough time, Andrii is the first person I turn to. He’s always there to listen and offer
advice.
When we fall out, I usually call him first to talk things through. We’ve had a few
disagreements over the years, but we’ve always managed to resolve them through
honest communication.
My best friend is always there for me when I’m in trouble. Whether it’s a personal issue,
a family problem, or something more serious, Andrii is always ready to offer support.
I consider Andrii my best friend because of his loyalty, honesty, and the way he
genuinely cares about me.
15. Work with a partner. Use the words below to talk about stages of life:
1 To spend time with someone

I love to spend time with my friends, whether we’re going to the movies or just
hanging out at home.
2 To trust someone

Trust is essential in any friendship. I trust my best friend completely, and I know
she’d never let me down.
3 To give advice

A true friend gives you advice when you need it, but they also know when to just
listen.
4 To share joys and sorrows

One of the best things about friendship is being able to share both your joys and
sorrows with someone who truly cares.
5 To tell the truth

I value friends who always tell the truth, even when it’s difficult to hear.
6 To share secrets

I trust my best friend with my secrets. We’ve known each other for years, and I
know she’ll never betray my confidence.
7 To rely on someone

I can always rely on my friend when I’m in trouble. She’s always there to support
me.
8 A mate

A mate is more than just a friend. It’s someone you can count on for anything and
who will always have your back.
Reading (CEE)
16. Read the text below. Match choices (A-I) to (1-8). There is one extra
paragraph which you do not need to use.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
F. A good friend is honest.
A good friend is fun, unique and interesting.
H. A good friend is attentive and adaptable.
E. A good friend is supportive of you and your goals.
C. A good friend is a friend you can trust.
17. Read the text below. For questions (9-13) choose the correct answer
(A, B, C or D).
6. D. wore dresses smarter than her own.
7. A. start to say slightly unkind things about it.
8. D. had by chance two events on the same day.
9. D. her mother disapproved of her daughter’s friend.
10. C. her mother forbade her.
Use of English (CEE)
18. Read the text below. For questions (14-23) choose the correct answer
(A, B, C or D).
11. A. keeping
12. B. out
13. D. announced
14. B. rescued
15. B. decorating
16. A. with
17. C. rubbed
18. B. getting
19. B. effort
20. D. up
Unit 4 Communication
1. Work individually. Compare and contrast the photographs and say what
topic both photos are connected to. How do you think the people feel?
What purposes of communication do they have?
In the first photo, we see two people having an argument, which indicates that the
communication is likely focused on resolving a disagreement. The emotions they might
be experiencing are frustration, anger, or confusion, given the pointed gestures and
facial expressions. Their purpose seems to be addressing a conflict, possibly trying to
express their points of view or resolve a misunderstanding.
In the second photo, a group of people is engaging in a handshake, which suggests
positive communication. They are likely discussing something in a friendly or
professional context. Their emotions seem to be positive, with smiles indicating goodwill
or mutual respect. The purpose of their communication appears to be establishing a
connection, whether it be for cooperation, greeting, or making a deal.
2. Work individually. Match the phrases (1 – 6) with pictures (a – f). Use
your dictionary to check that you understand all the phrases.
1- h
2- f
3- i
4- d
5- b
6- a
7- g
8- f
9- h
3. Match the following word-combinations with the definitions.
1 - call - j) the act of using the phone
2 - keyboard - g) device consisting of a set of keys on a piano or organ or typewriter or
typesetting machine or computer or the like
3 - address - a) the code that identifies where a piece of information is stored
4 - chat - c) to take part in a discussion that involves sending messages over the
internet, by smartphone
5 - digital - i) a circuit or device that represents magnitudes in digits (digital computer)
6 - click - d) depression of a button on a computer mouse
7 - software - e) (computer science) written programs or procedures or rules and
associated documentation pertaining to the operation of a computer system and that are
stored in read/write memory
8 - screen - b) a surface where pictures can be projected for viewing
9 - mouse - h) a hand-operated electronic device that controls the coordinates of a
cursor on your computer screen as you move it around on a pad; on the bottom of the
device is a ball that rolls on the surface of the pad
4. Complete the sentences with phrases from task 2
1- He hasn't written to me recently – perhaps he's lost my address.
2- I want to learn how to use my new digital camera right away.
3- Use the app to chat and send photos free from anywhere in the world.
4- When you buy a new computer, you usually get software included at no extra cost.
5- The television also has 36 cm screen size, ideal for bedroom or kitchen use.
6- A mouse is a device which makes it easier to select different options from computer
menus.
7- If you want to open a file, click twice on the icon for it.
8- She told us how easy it was to use the computer, then by way of demonstration
simply pressed a few keys on the keyboard.
9- Something has happened to him. Do you think we should call the police?
5. Work with a partner. Look at the words in the vocabulary box. Put the
words in pairs. Two words have no pairs. Which ones are they?
1- Call: I need to call my friend to remind her about the meeting tomorrow.
2- Keyboard: The new keyboard I bought has backlit keys, which is perfect for late-night
typing.
3- Address: She changed her address after moving to a new apartment last month.
4- Chat: We like to chat with our friends over coffee every Saturday.
5- Digital: The digital thermometer gives an accurate temperature reading in just a few
seconds.
6- Click: If you want to open the document, simply click on the icon.
7- Software: This new software has made my job a lot easier and more efficient.
8- Screen: I couldn’t see the presentation properly because the screen was too small.
9- Mouse: The mouse on my computer stopped working, so I had to switch to the
trackpad.
Reading
6. Do you think that family ties are important? What’s your opinion?
Comment using information from the text below.
1 Verbal: This form involves spoken words. In today's world, it remains one of the most
immediate and effective ways to exchange ideas.
2 Non-verbal: Non-verbal communication includes body language, facial expressions,
gestures, and even posture. Despite being less obvious, it can be just as important as
verbal communication.
3 Written: Written communication is extremely common today, especially through texts,
emails, and social media.
4 Oral: Oral communication is similar to verbal, but it’s more focused on informal, direct
exchanges. Oral communication includes conversations, interviews, discussions, and
storytelling.
8. Match the underlined words in the text with definitions given below:
1. Intentional - a) done on purpose, planned
2. Applied - b) put to practical use
3. Exist - c) to have actual being; be real
4. Drums - d) a musical instrument, especially one made from a skin stretched over
the bowl, played by hitting with the hand or a stick
5. Essential - e) very important, absolutely necessary, basic, fundamental
6. Control - f) to have control over someone or something
7. Manual - g) a small book, especially one giving information or instructions
8. Scholar - h) a person who studies a subject in great detail, especially at a
university
9. Effective - i) able to do things effectively and skilfully, and to achieve results
10. Emulate - j) to do the same as someone else has just done
11. Depiction - k) a true representation of something, a graphic or verbal description
12. Improve - l) improve; make better
13. Attempt - m) an attempt to do something
14. Cave paintings - n) drawings on the walls of caves made by Paleolithic humans
9. Answer the questions after the text.
1- Why is effective communication essential for people?

Effective communication is essential because it helps to inform, motivate,
establish authority and control, and allows for emotional expression. It also
creates a sense of social cohesion, which is crucial for building relationships and
working together as a society.
2- When did communication begin to take on an intentional format?

Communication began to take on an intentional format around the year 30,000
B.C.E, when humans started using signs and symbols with specific meanings.
3- What was the purpose of the paintings on the cave walls?

The most popular theory suggests that the cave paintings were used as a
manual to instruct others on what animals were safe to eat.
4- Was storytelling one of the most effective forms of communication used by
primitive man?

No, storytelling was not the most effective form of communication because it was
limited to individual tribes and could not be applied outside of one’s own
community. t
5- What were the disadvantages of early forms of communication?

The early forms of communication, such as drums and smoke signals, had
several disadvantages. They could attract unwanted attention from enemy tribes
and predatory animals.
Writing
10. Write a for-and-against essay about advantages and disadvantages of
social networking.
For-and-Against Essay: The Advantages and Disadvantages of Social Networking
Social networking has become a significant part of modern life, allowing people to
connect, share content, and communicate globally. While it has many benefits, there are
also several drawbacks. In this essay, I will explore both the advantages and
disadvantages of social networking.
Advantages of Social Networking
One of the key benefits of social networking is its ability to keep people connected,
regardless of distance. It helps maintain relationships with friends and family by sharing
updates and messages. Social networks also offer opportunities for professional growth,
allowing people to connect with potential employers and colleagues.
Disadvantages of Social Networking
On the other hand, social networking can negatively affect mental health. Constant
comparisons with others’ curated lives can lead to feelings of inadequacy and
depression. There are also privacy concerns, as personal information shared online can
be exploited or misused.
Conclusion
In conclusion, while social networking offers several advantages, such as staying
connected and gaining access to information, it also has significant disadvantages,
including negative impacts on mental health and privacy concerns. It’s important for
users to strike a balance and use social media responsibly to avoid these drawbacks.
Speaking
11. Think about your answers to these questions.
1- Do you prefer to text or phone your friends?

I prefer texting my friends because it’s quick and convenient. I can send a
message whenever I have time, and it doesn’t require immediate attention.
However, if it's something important, I’ll phone them to have a more personal
conversation.
2- Do you send more emails or more text messages?

I send more text messages because they’re faster and more immediate. I mainly
use email for work or formal communication, but for casual conversations, texting
is more practical.
3- How often do you go online?

I go online several times a day, mainly for checking social media, reading the
news, and staying in touch with friends. I also use it for studying or work-related
tasks, depending on the day.
4- Do you prefer to use a laptop or a mobile phone?

It depends on the task. For work or studying, I prefer using my laptop because
it’s easier to type and view content on a larger screen. But for quick browsing or
social media, I use my mobile phone because it’s more convenient and portable.
5- Do you often write letters or send things by post?

I don’t often write letters anymore, but I do occasionally send things by post, like
birthday cards or small gifts for friends and family. It’s nice to receive something
physical in the mail every once in a while!
12. Describe a conversation you had which was important to you. You
should say:
1- When the conversation took place:

One conversation that was important to me took place about a year ago, just
before I decided on my university major. I was feeling uncertain about my future
and was debating between a couple of different fields of study.
2- Who you had the conversation with:

I had this conversation with my older brother, who has always been a great
source of advice. He’s been through similar decisions and I really trust his
judgment.
3- What the conversation was about:

The conversation was about my concerns regarding my future career path. I was
unsure whether to follow my passion for design or pursue a more traditional and
stable career in business. My brother listened carefully, offered me advice, and
shared his own experiences of balancing personal interests and practical
decisions.
4- Why the conversation was important to you:

This conversation was important because it gave me clarity and confidence in my
decision-making. My brother’s encouragement helped me realize that I could
combine my interests with practical career prospects. It made me feel supported
and reassured about the path I chose. That conversation had a significant impact
on my studies and career plans.
13. Work with a partner. Discuss following questions.
1- What are the main differences between spoken and written communication?

Spoken communication is immediate, allowing for instant feedback, tone, and
body language, which help convey emotions and clarify meanings. Written
communication, on the other hand, is more permanent, allows for careful thought,
and can be reviewed or edited before sending.
2- Do you think there are differences in the way men and women communicate?

Yes, Men are often more direct and goal-oriented in their communication, while
women tend to be more expressive, empathetic, and focused on building
relationships through conversation.
3- Do you think that people become better communicators as they get older?

Generally, yes. As people get older, they gain more life experience and develop a
better understanding of others' perspectives. They also become more aware of
the importance of clear communication, emotional intelligence, and effective
listening..
4- Do you agree that education has a strong and positive effect on people’s ability
to communicate effectively?

Absolutely. Education, especially in areas like language, literature, and social
studies, provides the tools necessary for effective communication. It teaches
people how to express themselves clearly, listen actively, and understand diverse
viewpoints.
5- What impact has the growth of technology had on the way people
communicate and how do you think this will develop in the future?

Technology has revolutionized communication by making it faster, more
accessible, and diverse. With platforms like social media, instant messaging, and
video calls, people can connect from anywhere in the world.
Reading (CEE)
14. Read the text below. Match choices (A-I) to (1-8). There are three
choices you do not need to use.
1- H. Demonstrate your peaceful intentions.
2- C. Show that everything is fine.
3- D. Indicate approval or disapproval.
4- G. Guard against negative consequences.
5- E. Making fun or just being focused.
15. Read the text below. For questions (6-10) choose the correct answer
(A, B, C or D).
6- According to the writer, why did the company he mentions decide to adopt the e-mail
system?

B. To avoid missing out on any amusing novelty.
7- The ‘strategy’ referred to in line 12 is a way of

B. Prioritizing which messages to respond to.
8- According to the writer, what is causing the ‘torment of e-mail’ (line 20) described in
the reports?

C. The attitude of those receiving e-mails.
9- In the sixth paragraph, which of the following pieces of advice is given?

C. Be prepared to break off overlong e-mail communications.
10- According to the writer, what advantage does e-mail correspondence have over the
traditional letter?

D. It does not have the same time-consuming conventions.
Use of English (CEE)
17. Read the text below. For questions (14-23) choose the correct answer
(A, B, C or D). (тут в книзі якісь помилки і питання з’їхали на один, тому
19 це 20, 18 = 19 і так далі)
11- C. fit
12- turned
13- D. whole
14- C. to
15- A. joined
16- C. fighting
17- D. missing
18- C. Put on
19- B. from
20- A. get
Unit 5 Lifestyles
1. Work individually. Compare and contrast the photographs and say what
topic both photos are connected to. Think about your grandparents and
their lifestyle when they were young (compare: eating habits, free time
activities, social relationships)
1- Both photos are connected to family lifestyle and morning routines.

The left photo represents a traditional lifestyle with a warm, vintage kitchen and
relaxed atmosphere. The family is enjoying breakfast together with no
distractions.

The right photo shows a modern, fast-paced lifestyle. The family appears to be
multitasking, likely rushing through breakfast with contemporary kitchen decor.
When comparing lifestyles:

My grandparents often prioritized family meals and had fewer distractions like
technology.

In contrast, today's routines are more hurried, with less time spent together due
to busier schedules.
2. Work individually. Match the phrases (1 – 6) with pictures (a – f). Use
your dictionary to check that you understand all the phrases.
1- Peaceful - f (Meditating on the beach)
2- Hectic - e (Person overwhelmed with work and papers)
3- Sporty - b (Running person)
4- Boring - g (Minion looking bored)
5- Glamorous - d (Person wearing shiny sunglasses)
6- Adventurous - c (Rafting activity)
7- Exciting - h (Excited baby)
8- Calm - a (Person relaxing on the couch)
3. Match the following word-combinations with the definitions.
1- Peaceful: e) quiet and calm
2- Hectic: g) full of activity, or very busy and fast
3- Sporty: h) fond of sport or outdoor activities
4- Boring: a) not interesting or exciting
5- Glamorous: b) beautiful and smart, especially in a showy way
6- Adventurous: d) willing to try new or difficult things
7- Calm: f) without worry
8- Exciting: c) stimulating, inspiring
4. Complete the sentences with phrases from task 2
1- “Dusty's apartment is soooo boring,” Darian complained.
2- Modern life is becoming more hectic by the minute.
3- “Calm down,” the nurse said.
4- The island attracts adventurous travelers.
5- A new and exciting life lay ahead of him.
6- She could make ordinary people feel special, and glamorous people feel
ordinary.
7- We need to find a peaceful alternative to war.
8- Bob will grow up to be either sporty or clever.
5. Make up sentences of your own with wordcombinations from task 2.
Read
1- My grandparents live in a peaceful village by the lake, where they enjoy the
calm atmosphere.
2- The office was so hectic today with all the last-minute deadlines and meetings.
3- He has always been very sporty, participating in all kinds of outdoor activities.
4- The movie was so boring that I fell asleep halfway through.
5- She looked absolutely glamorous in that stunning red dress at the party.
6- Traveling to remote places makes me feel adventurous, like I’m exploring the
unknown.
7- After a long day, I enjoy sitting by the beach, feeling completely calm and at
peace.
8- The rollercoaster ride was so exciting that I couldn’t stop smiling for hours
afterward.
Reading
6. Read the text and answer the questions: 1) How does your lifestyle
compare to British teenagers? 2) Are they more active than you?
1- My lifestyle is similar to that of British teenagers in some ways. I also spend a lot of
time studying and using technology, but I try to stay active by doing sports and
exercising regularly.
2- In general, British teenagers seem to be less active than I am. According to the text,
they spend a lot of time sitting at home, either watching TV or playing computer games,
which is not as physically active as my routine.
7. Answer the questions after the text:
1- Not all teenagers follow a healthy lifestyle. Many spend too much time on sedentary
activities, like watching TV or playing computer games, instead of engaging in physical
activities.
2- Sedentary activities are bad for health because they involve little to no physical
exercise, which can lead to weight gain, muscle weakness, and an increased risk of
heart disease as people get older.
3- The best way for teenagers to spend their free time is by being active, such as
playing sports, walking or cycling instead of relying on screens and sitting for long
periods. This helps improve physical fitness and overall well-being.
8. Match the underlined words in the text with definitions given below:
1- Ring - a) to get or bring someone or something from somewhere
2- Encourage - b) to inspire with hope, to give support
3- Netball - c) a sport played by two teams of seven players, usually women or girls, in
which goals are scored by throwing a ball through a net hanging from a ring at the top of
a pole
4- Prepare - d) to make or get something or someone ready for something that will
happen in the future
5- Statement - e) a statement
6- Illness - f) (an) illness of people, animals, plants, etc., caused by infection or a failure
of health rather than by an accident
7- Couch potato - g) a person who watches a lot of television and does not have an
active life
8- Danger - h) the possibility that something bad will happen
9. Read the text again. Are these sentences true (T) or false (F) or is the
information not mentioned (NM) in the text?
1- Lots of teenagers never decorate their bedroom walls with the posters of their sport
heroes.

F
2- Couch potatoes are young people sitting around at home, growing up in their
bedrooms, travelling by car.

T
3- It is certainly becoming more difficult to encourage young people to have an active
life and protect their hearts.

T
4- In recent years schools have spent more time on sports.

F
5- The article tells us about Tom.

NM
Writing
10. Write a letter to your friend about member of your family. Include the
following: your opinion, appearence, personality.
Dear Tom,
I hope this letter finds you well! I wanted to tell you a bit about my lifestyle lately.
Every day, I have a fairly busy routine. I wake up early to get ready for university, where
I attend classes and work on assignments. After that, I usually spend a few hours
studying or working on projects. When I finish, I like to unwind with some free time
before heading to bed, but my schedule always feels full.
As for sports, I try to stay active. I go for a run or do some light workouts a few times a
week. I’m not an athlete, but I do enjoy it and find it helps me relax.
In my spare time, I also have a few hobbies. I love reading, especially books about
personal growth and history. I’m also into photography, so I often go out to take pictures
of interesting places or nature.
If I had to choose an adjective to describe my lifestyle, I’d say it’s hectic, but in a good
way. I have a lot to do, but I also try to balance it with activities that I enjoy.
I’d love to hear how things are going on your end. Let me know what your days are like!
Take care,
Ihor
Speaking
11. Think about your answers to these questions.
1- What is your daily routine like?

My daily routine is quite structured. I wake up early, have breakfast, and then go
to university for my classes. After my classes, I spend time studying or working
on assignments. In the evening, I usually go for a run or do some exercise. I also
take time to relax by reading or watching something before going to bed.
2- Which period of your life do you like the most?

I would say I enjoy this period of my life the most. While there are challenges, I
love being at university because I’m learning new things and meeting interesting
people. I also feel more independent and confident compared to earlier stages of
my life.
3- What success have you got in your life for which you feel proud?

I feel proud of how I’ve managed to balance my studies, work, and personal life.
Getting good grades and achieving goals in both my academic and personal
projects makes me feel like I’m on the right path. I’m also proud of how I’ve
learned to manage my time more effectively.
4- What is your lifestyle like?

My lifestyle is fairly hectic, but I enjoy it. I have a lot of responsibilities, but I try to
maintain a balance between studying, staying active, and having time for my
hobbies and social life. I’d describe it as fast-paced but fulfilling.
12. Talk about yourself having a healthy lifestyle. You should say::
1- What stops you from having a healthy lifestyle?

Sometimes, my busy schedule and university workload make it difficult to
maintain a healthy lifestyle. I tend to prioritize studying over exercise, and when I
get caught up in assignments, I often skip meals or don't make the best food
choices. Time management is definitely something I need to improve in order to
have more balance.
2- What are the disadvantages of not having a healthy lifestyle?

Not having a healthy lifestyle can lead to several problems. It can cause low
energy levels, increased stress, and difficulty concentrating, which negatively
impacts my productivity. Over time, it may also increase the risk of health issues
such as weight gain, heart problems, or even mental health struggles like anxiety
and depression.
3- What can you do in order to have a healthier lifestyle?

To improve my lifestyle, I need to prioritize regular exercise and healthier eating
habits. I can schedule workouts a few times a week, make sure to get enough
sleep, and take breaks to relax. It’s also important for me to plan my meals ahead
of time to avoid unhealthy food choices. Overall, better time management and
making healthier decisions each day can help me lead a healthier lifestyle.
13. Work with a partner. Discuss your lifestyle. Which adjectives in task 2
best describe the life you live? Which adjectives describe the life you would
like to have in the future? Are there any differences?:
1- Which adjectives in task 2 best describe the life you live?

The adjectives that best describe my current lifestyle would be hectic and sporty.
My days are often busy with university work, but I also make time to stay active
through sports and exercise.
2- Which adjectives describe the life you would like to have in the future?

In the future, I would like to have a calm and peaceful lifestyle. I would like to
reduce stress, have more free time, and focus on balancing work and relaxation.
I also hope to continue being sporty and active.
3- Are there any differences?

Yes, there is a difference. While my current lifestyle is more hectic and full of
responsibilities, I hope to have a more calm and peaceful life in the future. I want
to have more control over my time and be less rushed, with more space for
personal growth and well-being.
Reading (CEE)
14. Read the text below. For questions (1-6) choose the correct answer (A,
B, C or D).
1- D. who has spent her life volunteering
2- A. which raises money for the charity
3- E. who was considered a sickly child
4- G. who have been involved with the Guides or Scouts
5- F. who is known for her delicious cakes
6- B. she had a party to celebrate
15. Read the text below. For questions (7-11) choose the correct answer
(A, B, C or D).
7- C. a result of your self-perfection
8- D. creating compositions with the new words
9- A. Stress reduction has a negative influence on memory.
10- B. You can improve your memory by working out.
11- B. learning poems
Use of English (CEE)
17. Read the text below. For questions (14-23) choose the correct answer
(A, B, C or D).
12- B ourselves
13 D are easily influenced
14 C are being organized
15 B has
16 B fashionable
17 B is not blessed
18 D well
19 A to become
20 C may not suit
21 A well