CARBON CAPTURE STORAGE
CCS
Presented by:
Esterlino Barros
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1
Introduction
2 What is CCS
3 How does CCS work
4
CCS Pros and Cons
5
Future of CCS
6
Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
• Global warming tied to excess carbon dioxide emissions is one of the
most severe environmental problems currently.
• 3 methods to control emissions
1. Improve of resource use and energy conservation.
2. Develop methods to recycle energy.
3. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS).
• London Protocol for emission reduction
-The London Protocol plays a significant
role in emissions reduction, particularly
through its provisions for Carbon
Capture and Storage (CCS).
Carbon capture and storage (CCS)
is a process by which carbon dioxide
(CO2) from industrial installations is
separated before it is released into the
atmosphere, then transported to a
long-term storage location. The CO2 is
captured from a large point source,
such as a natural gas processing plant
and is typically stored in a deep
geological formation.
WHAT IS CCS?
Importance of CCS
Carbon Capture and Storage
(CCS) is a technology designed
to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions by capturing carbon
dioxide (CO₂) from industrial
processes and power
generation, then transporting
then transporting and storing it
underground to prevent it from
entering the atmosphere.
CCS is crucial for reducing
greenhouse gas emissions
from industries that are hard
to decarbonize, supporting
the transition to cleaner
energy, and achieving global
climate goals.
HOW DOES CCS WORK
Carbon capture and storage involves three steps – Capture, Transport and Storage.
Capture
Methods of capturing
Post-Combustion Capture
convert fuel into a gaseous mixture of hydrogen and
CO2. The hydrogen is separated and can be burnt
without producing any CO2; the CO2 can then be
compressed for transport and storage.
In CCS from point sources,
CO2 is captured before it
reaches the atmosphere in
industries such as cement and
steel production, hydrogen
production from fossil fuels,
incineration of waste, and
power generation.
Pre-Combustion Capture
Separate CO2 from combustion exhaust
gases. CO2 can be captured using a liquid
solvent or other separation methods.
Oxy-Fuel Combustion
This produces exhaust gas that is mainly water
vapour and CO2 that can be easily separated to
produce a high purity CO2 stream.
Transport
Methods of Transportation
Pipelines
Once separated, the CO2 is
compressed for
transportation. Pipelines are
the most common mode of
transport for large quantities
of CO2. For some regions of
the world, CO2 transport by
ship is an alternative.
Ships
Storage
Methods of Storage
Following transport, the CO2
is injected into deep
underground rock
formations, often at depths
of one kilometer or more,
where it is safely and
permanently stored.
 Geological Storage (Oil fields, Unmineable coal seams, Saline aquifers).
Ocean Storage.

Mineral Storage.

CCS PROS AND CONS
Pros
Reduces
emissions at
the source
CCS can capture up to
90% of CO2 emissions
from industrial sources,
significantly reducing
greenhouse gas
emissions.
Enhances
energy security
Mitigate climate
change
By capturing CO2, CCS helps
mitigate the effects of
climate change, making it a
valuable tool in the fight
against global warming.
CCS can be
integrated with existing
fossil fuel infrastructure,
allowing for continued
use of these resources
while reducing their
environmental impact
Potential for
other pollutant
reduction
During the CCS process,
other pollutants like
nitrogen oxides (NOx)
and sulfur dioxide (SO2)
can also be reduced.
Cons
High costs
Implementing CCS
technology is
expensive, both in
terms of initial
setup and ongoing
operational costs.
Storage risks
Energy
intensive
The process of
capturing and
storing CO2
requires a
significant amount
of energy, which
can offset some of
the environmental
benefits.
There are concerns
about the long-term
storage of CO2,
including the
potential for leaks
and environmental
contamination.
Limited scope
CCS primarily
addresses
emissions from
industrial sources
and power plants,
but does not tackle
emisions from other
sectors like
transportation and
agriculture.
FUTURE OF CCS
The future of CCS is promising and essential for meeting
global climate goals. Innovations in capture technologies,
such as more efficient and less energy-intensive methods,
are crucial for reducing cost and enhancing feasibility.
The integration of artificial intelligence and machine
learning could optimize CCS processes, from capture to
storage monitoring, further improving efficiency and
effectiveness.
CONCLUSION
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is a vital technology in
the fight against climate change. While it presents several
challenges, such, energy intensity, and environmental
risks, it also offers significant potential to reduce CO2
emission from industrial sources. The future of CCS looks
promising with increased adoption, supportive policies,
technological advancements, financial investments, and
collaborative efforts.
THANK YOU