Research
Methodology
Dr. Salam Al-augby
salam.alaugby@uokufa.edu.iq
Lecture 1
Course Object
Research Methodology
The aim of the module is to introduce to the students the topics
that include:
1.
Introduction and Basics of Research Methodology.
2.
Research Types.
3.
Research Process.
4.
Basic Research Skills.
5.
Scientific research skills and using ICT in research.
6.
Paper contents.
7.
Research Quality Metrics and identifiers.
Course Object
Research Methodology
8.
Citation and Referencing Style.
9.
Reference management programs.
10.
How to avoid plagiarism.
11.
How to make academic presentation.
12.
Sampling Techniques
13.
Sampling Size
14.
Statistical metrics for testing and evaluation
15.
Writing papers in Latex.
Course Resources
Research Methodology
1. Kothari, C.R., 2004. Research methodology: Methods
and techniques. New Age International..
2. Derntl, M., 2014. Basics of research paper writing and
publishing. International Journal of Technology
Enhanced Learning, 6(2), pp.105-123.
3. Tang, Herman. Engineering Research: Design, Methods,
and Publication. John Wiley & Sons, 2020.
4. Others
Assessment Instruments
Allocation of Marks
Assessment Instruments
First Exam
Second Exam
Assignment
Seminar
Final Exam (Written unseen exam)
Total
Marks
10%
10%
5%
5%
70%
100%
Summary
What is Research?
• Research is a logical and systematic search for new and
useful information on a particular topic.
• Re ---------------- Search. Re means (once more, a fresh, a
new) OR (back; with return to a previous state)
• Search means (look thorough or go over thoroughly to
look something) OR (examine to find anything concealed)
• It is a search for knowledge.
Summary
What is Research?
• Research is an Organized and Systematic way of Finding
Answers to Questions.
• Organized
• In that there is a structure or method in going about
doing research.
• It is a planned procedure, not a spontaneous one. It is
focused and limited to a specific scope.
Summary
What is Research?
• Systematic
• Because there is a definite set of procedures and steps
which you will follow. There are certain things in the
research process which are always done in order to get
the most accurate results.
• Finding Answers
• It is the end of all research. Whether it is the answer to
a hypothesis or even a simple question, research is
successful when we find answers. Sometimes the
answer is no, but it is still an answer.
Summary
What is Research?
• Questions
• Are central to research. If there is no question, then the
answer is of no use. Research is focused on relevant,
useful, and important questions. Without a question,
research has no focus, drive, or purpose.
Summary
Defining Research
• A collection of methods and methodologies that
researchers apply systematically to produce
scientifically based knowledge about the social world.
• Research is an art of scientific investigation. (Neuman)
• Research is systematized effort to gain new knowledge.
• Research is an original contribution to the existing
stock of knowledge making for its advancement.
• Research is a systematic, rigorous investigation of a
situation or problem in order to generate new
knowledge or validate existing knowledge.
Summary
Method and Methodology
Methodology & methods, two terms are often treated as
synonyms.
• Methods:
• Methods are set of specific techniques for selecting
cases, measuring and observing aspects of social
life, gathering and refining data, analyzing data and
reporting on results.
• Methodology:
• Is a systematic way to solve a problem. It is a science
of studying how research is to be carried out.
Summary
Method and Methodology
More precisely, research methods help us get a
solution to a problem. On the other hand, research
methodology is concerned with the explanation of the
following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Why is a particular research study undertaken?
How did one formulate a research problem?
What types of data were collected?
What particular method has been used?
Why was a particular technique of analysis of data
used?
Summary
What are the Objectives of Research?
The prime objectives of research are:
1. To discover new facts.
2. To verify and test important facts.
3. To analyze an event or process or phenomenon to
identify the cause and effect relationship.
4. To develop new scientific tools, concepts and theories
to solve and understand scientific and nonscientific
problems.
5. To find solutions to scientific, nonscientific and social
problems.
6. To overcome or solve the problems occurring in our
every day life.
Summary
What Makes People do Research?
No person would like to do research unless there are
some motivating factors. Some of the motivations are
the following:
1. To get a research degree (Doctor of Philosophy
(Ph.D.)) along with its benefits like better employment,
promotion, increment in salary, etc.
2. To get a research degree and then to get a teaching
position in a college or university or become a
scientist in a research institution.
3. To get a research position in countries like U.S.A.,
Canada, Germany, England, Japan, Australia, etc. and
settle there.
Summary
What Makes People do Research?
4. To solve the unsolved and challenging problems.
5. To get joy of doing some creative work.
6. To acquire respectability.
7. To get recognition.
8. Curiosity to find out the unknown facts of an event.
9. Curiosity to find new things.
10. To serve the society by solving social problems.
Summary
Importance of Research Methodology in Research Study
It is necessary for a researcher to design a methodology
for the problem chosen.
i.
Which is a suitable method for the chosen problem?
ii. What is the order of accuracy of the result of a
method?
iii. What is the efficiency of the method?
Summary
Importance of Research Methodology in Research Study
iv. Whenever a scientific problem is to be solved there
are several important steps to follow.
v. The problem must be stated clearly, including any
simplifying assumptions.
vi. Then develop a mathematical statement of the
problem.
Summary
Various Stages of a Research
• A general set of sequential components of research is
the following:
1. Selection of a research topic.
2. Definition of a research problem.
3. Literature survey and reference collection.
4. Assessment of current status of the topic chosen.
5. Formulation of hypotheses.
Summary
Various Stages of a Research
6. Research design.
7. Actual investigation.
8. Data analysis.
9. Interpretation of result.
10. Report.
THANK YOU
Floyd, Digital Fundamentals, 10th ed