Personality Disorders: Definition, Diagnosis, and Types

#separator:tab #html:true "<u>General Definition of Personality Disorder <br></u><div><ul><li><span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Long-term, rigid, wide-ranging"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> pattern of thoughts, feelings, behavior causing <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""dysfunction and/or distress"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span></li><li>Generally noticeable by <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""adolescence or young adulthood<br>"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span></li><li>◦ Can emerge as early as <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""childhood"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span></li><li>◦ Typically, not diagnosed until <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""adulthood"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span></li><li>◦ If diagnosed in adolescence must be present for <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""1 year"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span></li><li>Very <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""resistant"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> to <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""treatment"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span></li><li><span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""11%"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> of adults in USA </li></ul></div><div></div><br>""<u>General Definition of Personality Disorder <br></u><div><ul><li><span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Long-term, rigid, wide-ranging</span> pattern of thoughts, feelings, behavior causing <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">dysfunction and/or distress</span></li><li>Generally noticeable by <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">adolescence or young adulthood<br></span></li><li>◦ Can emerge as early as <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">childhood</span></li><li>◦ Typically, not diagnosed until <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">adulthood</span></li><li>◦ If diagnosed in adolescence must be present for <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">1 year</span></li><li>Very <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">resistant</span> to <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">treatment</span></li><li><span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">11%</span> of adults in USA </li></ul></div><div></div><br><br> Can be unaware + cause stress for other people" Personality vs Personality DisordersProblem of degree! It is not like there is an additional behaviour added, the behaviours are just intensified  "<div>No cloze 1 found on card. Please either add a cloze deletion, or use the Empty Cards tool.<br><a href='https://anki.tenderapp.com/kb/problems/no-cloze-found-on-card'>More information</a></div>""<div>No cloze 1 found on card. Please either add a cloze deletion, or use the Empty Cards tool.<br><a href='https://anki.tenderapp.com/kb/problems/no-cloze-found-on-card'>More information</a></div>" "<div><div><u>Ego Dystonic type of behaviour</u><br>◦ <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""behaviors are actions that are<br>inconsistent with your personal goals,<br>values, and beliefs"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>◦ Example: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Substance Use Disorders,</div>Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span></div><div></div><br>""<div><div><u>Ego Dystonic type of behaviour</u><br>◦ <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">behaviors are actions that are<br>inconsistent with your personal goals,<br>values, and beliefs</span><br>◦ Example: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Substance Use Disorders,</div>Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder</span></div><div></div><br><br> Treatment gets tricky here!" "<div><div><u>Diagnosing Personality Disorders</u><br>Determine which PD a person has using <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""the DSM-5-TR&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>◦ Official manual for <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""diagnosis of mental disorders"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>published by <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""the American Psychiatric Association</div>(APA)"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span></div><div></div><br>""<div><div><u>Diagnosing Personality Disorders</u><br>Determine which PD a person has using <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">the DSM-5-TR </span><br>◦ Official manual for <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">diagnosis of mental disorders</span><br>published by <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">the American Psychiatric Association</div>(APA)</span></div><div></div><br><br> " "<u>Alternative Model: </u><span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Continuum"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><u> approach</u><br><span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Not currently"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> used, ‘designated for <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""further study"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>’<br>Appears to be <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""general personality pathology"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> factor<br>Looks at <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""impairment in personality functioning AND pathological personality traits"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Alternative Model: </u><span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Continuum</span><u> approach</u><br><span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Not currently</span> used, ‘designated for <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">further study</span>’<br>Appears to be <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">general personality pathology</span> factor<br>Looks at <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">impairment in personality functioning AND pathological personality traits</span><br> Problem: if you are falling into multiple personality disorders, there is probably an issue with the way they are laid out" "<u>Antisocial Personality Disorder</u><br><ul><li>Pervasive pattern of <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""disregard for"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""violation of the rights of others"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span></li><li>Considered both <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""personality"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> AND a <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""conduct"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> disorder</li><li>Gratifying own <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""desires, violation of major social norms"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span></li><li>Little <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""remorse"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, indifferent to <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""pain"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""suffering"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span></li><li>Poor <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""impulse"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> control, <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""high thrill"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> seeking</li><li>Must be evident by patterns of <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""disordered conduct"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> before the age of <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""15"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span></li></ul>""<u>Antisocial Personality Disorder</u><br><ul><li>Pervasive pattern of <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">disregard for</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">violation of the rights of others</span></li><li>Considered both <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">personality</span> AND a <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">conduct</span> disorder</li><li>Gratifying own <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">desires, violation of major social norms</span></li><li>Little <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">remorse</span>, indifferent to <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">pain</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">suffering</span></li><li>Poor <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">impulse</span> control, <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">high thrill</span> seeking</li><li>Must be evident by patterns of <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">disordered conduct</span> before the age of <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">15</span></li></ul><br> Frustrated very easily! <br>Bored and restless in everyday routines " "Psychopathy: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""superficial charm, grandiose sense of self-worth, patterns of<br>deceitfulness, manipulativeness, lack of remorse"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br><ul><li>All psychopaths generally have <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""antisocial personality disorder"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> but not everyone with <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""APD"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> has <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""psychopathy"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span></li><li>Psychopaths can be <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""smart"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""deceitful"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""competitive"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> </li></ul>""Psychopathy: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">superficial charm, grandiose sense of self-worth, patterns of<br>deceitfulness, manipulativeness, lack of remorse</span><br><ul><li>All psychopaths generally have <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">antisocial personality disorder</span> but not everyone with <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">APD</span> has <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">psychopathy</span></li><li>Psychopaths can be <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">smart</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">deceitful</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">competitive</span> </li></ul><br> " "Sociopath: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""a label used to describe a person whose psychopathic traits are assumed to be due to environmental factors"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br><ul><li>Can be born with <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""strong deposition"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span></li></ul>""Sociopath: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">a label used to describe a person whose psychopathic traits are assumed to be due to environmental factors</span><br><ul><li>Can be born with <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">strong deposition</span></li></ul><br> " "<u>Avoidant Personality Disorder</u><br>Excessive avoidance of <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""interpersonal interactions"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>◦ Feelings of <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""inadequacy"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>◦ Prone to <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""shame"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> and low <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""self-esteem"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>◦ Feel <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""inferior"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""socially inept"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>◦ Fears of <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""criticism"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""rejection"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>◦ Hyperaware to <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""criticism"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> so they will avoid situations where <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""criticism is possible"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>◦ Assume everything they do is <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""wrong"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>Very defining traits: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Negative"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> affectivity and detachment""<u>Avoidant Personality Disorder</u><br>Excessive avoidance of <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">interpersonal interactions</span><br>◦ Feelings of <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">inadequacy</span><br>◦ Prone to <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">shame</span> and low <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">self-esteem</span><br>◦ Feel <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">inferior</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">socially inept</span><br>◦ Fears of <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">criticism</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">rejection</span><br>◦ Hyperaware to <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">criticism</span> so they will avoid situations where <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">criticism is possible</span><br>◦ Assume everything they do is <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">wrong</span><br>Very defining traits: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Negative</span> affectivity and detachment<br> basically social anxiety to the max. it is ego syntonic <br>choose jobs where they don't have to be out in the world " "<u>Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder</u><br>Pervasive patterns of <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""inflexibility"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""preoccupation"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> with <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""orderliness, perfection, and control"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br><ul><li>Rigidly bound to <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""rules"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""stubborn"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span></li><li>Difficulty <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""appreciating others"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, sensitive <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""to flaws"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span></li><li>Relate to others in terms of <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""status"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span></li></ul>Excessive <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""commitment to work and productivity"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>◦ Base self-esteem on <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""productivity and meeting unreasonably high goals"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>◦ Difficulty with <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""perfectionism"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>Persist even if <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""their approach is failing"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>Grim, strict, tensely in <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""control of their emotions, lack spontaneity"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>""<u>Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder</u><br>Pervasive patterns of <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">inflexibility</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">preoccupation</span> with <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">orderliness, perfection, and control</span><br><ul><li>Rigidly bound to <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">rules</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">stubborn</span></li><li>Difficulty <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">appreciating others</span>, sensitive <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">to flaws</span></li><li>Relate to others in terms of <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">status</span></li></ul>Excessive <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">commitment to work and productivity</span><br>◦ Base self-esteem on <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">productivity and meeting unreasonably high goals</span><br>◦ Difficulty with <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">perfectionism</span><br>Persist even if <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">their approach is failing</span><br>Grim, strict, tensely in <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">control of their emotions, lack spontaneity</span><br><br> Symptoms increase with age " "<div><div><u>The Impact of Labels</u><br>Being placed in a subgroup has <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""implications for how someone may be viewed and treated by others"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>Stigmatization: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""the act of regarding someone or oneself with disapproval due to association with devalued label or group"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>May lead to:<br>◦ <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Overgeneralization"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>◦ <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Negative Perceptions"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>◦ <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Different Expectations"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>◦ <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Minimization of interpersonal and social context"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br></div></div>""<div><div><u>The Impact of Labels</u><br>Being placed in a subgroup has <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">implications for how someone may be viewed and treated by others</span><br>Stigmatization: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">the act of regarding someone or oneself with disapproval due to association with devalued label or group</span><br>May lead to:<br>◦ <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Overgeneralization</span><br>◦ <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Negative Perceptions</span><br>◦ <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Different Expectations</span><br>◦ <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Minimization of interpersonal and social context</span><br></div></div><br> <div><div>Classification is meant to categorize disorders, not people!</div></div><div><br></div>" "<div><div>Etiology: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""The cause of a symptom or disorder"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br></div></div><div><ul><li>Types of causes: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Biological, Sociocultural, Psychological"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span></li><li>Personality can play a role in all three!</li></ul></div>""<div><div>Etiology: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">The cause of a symptom or disorder</span><br></div></div><div><ul><li>Types of causes: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Biological, Sociocultural, Psychological</span></li><li>Personality can play a role in all three!</li></ul></div><br> " "High <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""neuroticism"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> and low <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""extravision, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and opennes"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> is common in those with schziophrenia""High <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">neuroticism</span> and low <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">extravision, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and opennes</span> is common in those with schziophrenia<br> " "High <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""neuroticism"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> and low <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""extravision, conscientiousness, agreeableness"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> is common in those with eating disorders""High <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">neuroticism</span> and low <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">extravision, conscientiousness, agreeableness</span> is common in those with eating disorders<br> " <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>Describe the one big theory</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>Describe the one big theory</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">The hypothetical idea of a single, unified theory that would encompass all aspects of personality which combines all the elements </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>Describe emotional stability and how that effects task performance</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>Describe emotional stability and how that effects task performance</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Task performance is best when emotional stability is in the middle </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Low emotional stability would make someone overwhelmed, can't focus, etc. </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">High emotional stability would make someone less effective, over confident, etc. </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>What is the advantage and disadvantage to OBT?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>What is the advantage and disadvantage to OBT?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Advantage: inclusive, interesting, and important </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Disadvantage: over-inclusiveness or unfocused research </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>How many paradigms of personality do scientists focus on at a time?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>How many paradigms of personality do scientists focus on at a time?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">1-2 paradigms </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>What is the different between high and low risk takers? What are the similarities?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>What is the different between high and low risk takers? What are the similarities?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">All people take risks but the severity, number of, how often, and degree changes </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Extremely high and low risk takers are rare (consistent vs never)</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>What are 5 approaches to personality? Which ones are largely unconscious and which one is more conscious?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>What are 5 approaches to personality? Which ones are largely unconscious and which one is more conscious?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{},"i":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn","rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI"]"" >Trait approach </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Biological approach</li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Psychoanalytic approach</li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Phenomenological approach </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Learning approach </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>What do personality psychologists study?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>What do personality psychologists study?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">The psychological triad of: thinking, behaving, and feeling </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>What is the advantage and disadvantage to basic approaches?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>What is the advantage and disadvantage to basic approaches?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Advantage: good at addressing certain topics </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Disadvantage: poor at addressing other topics or ignores them </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>What is the Yerkes-Dodson law bell curve? Describe the shape.</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>What is the Yerkes-Dodson law bell curve? Describe the shape.</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Describes stress to performance relationship </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Low stress = weaker performance due to lack of attention and interest </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Mid level stress = strong performance </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >High stress = weaker performance due to strong anxiety </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>Explain the Barnum effect</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>Explain the Barnum effect</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">A person's natural tendency to think that a generic or vague personality description applies specifically to themselves </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>Describe the learning approach to personality.</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>Describe the learning approach to personality.</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Punishments, lessons, experiences and how they affect our personality </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>Can you explain the whole person in his or her daily environment?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>Can you explain the whole person in his or her daily environment?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">No, you cannot account for every behaviour, especially thoughts and feelings </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>Limiting your view of personality to only certain kinds of: { ... }</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>Limiting your view of personality to only certain kinds of: { ... }</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> Limiting your view of personality to only certain kinds of: <b style=""color: lightblue;"">{{7756703450685396::Observations, Patterns, Ways of thinking}}</b>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>What are the definition of personality?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W1 - What is Personality<ul><li>What are the definition of personality?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">An individual's unique and relatively consistent patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>What are the conclusions from the person-situation debate? What have most current personality researchers now have adopted since?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>What are the conclusions from the person-situation debate? What have most current personality researchers now have adopted since?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Situational variables are useful for predicting behaviour in certain situations </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Personality traits are useful for predicting behaviour across situations </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Since, current personality researchers have now adopted interactionism!</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>What did Walter Mischel believe? What was the found split between personality and situation contribution to behaviour?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>What did Walter Mischel believe? What was the found split between personality and situation contribution to behaviour?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >One of the first situationists (Walter Mischel) have believes that personality will correlate with behavior!</li></ul>" "<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>What are the problem with Mischel's research?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>""<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>What are the problem with Mischel's research?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Unfair selective literature review that was bias, using poor methodology </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Poor methodology possibility resulting in a 0.4 R value</li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Lab data was only looked at, not real world </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >R = .40 ‒> 70% accuracy </li></ul>" "<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>What is the result of Mischel's critique?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>""<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>What is the result of Mischel's critique?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Personality psychology suffered</li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Fewer graduate programs ‒> less personality researchers </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Currently, almost no solely personality psychology programs in the US or Canada </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >SOCIAL PSYCH GREW!</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>What is the idea of interactionism?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>What is the idea of interactionism?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{},"i":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn","rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI"]"" >The effect of a personality variable may depend on the situation, or vice versa </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Certain types of people go to certain types of situations </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >People change situations based on their behaviour </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>What is the third situationist argument and the responses?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>What is the third situationist argument and the responses?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Argument 3: The professional practice of personality assessment is a waste of time and everyday intuitions about people are fundamentally flawed </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Responses: </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>What is the second situationist argument and the responses?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>What is the second situationist argument and the responses?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Argument 2: Situations are more important than personality traits in determining behaviour </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Responses: If the correlation between a personality variable and a behavioral measurement is not perfect, the remaining variance is not necessarily due to the situation which could be due to other personality traits </li></ul>" "<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>What is Walter Mischel's argument to predictability based on personality?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>""<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>What is Walter Mischel's argument to predictability based on personality?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >He argued there is an upper limit to how well one can predict what a person will do based on any measurement of that person's personality, and this upper limit is low </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>Describe cumulative continuity</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>Describe cumulative continuity</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >The idea that traits build over time as situations will tailor to traits </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>What is the difference in aggressive behaviour output in low and high provocation situations with high trait anger vs low trait anger people?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>What is the difference in aggressive behaviour output in low and high provocation situations with high trait anger vs low trait anger people?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Low provocation: high trait and low trait anger people show the same amount of aggressive behaviour </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >High provocation: situation impacts them both but high trait anger people show greater aggressive behaviour </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >*x-Trait Anger: means how prone someone is to anger</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>What are possible implications about the Stanford Prison Experiment?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Persons vs. Situations<ul><li>What are possible implications about the Stanford Prison Experiment?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >It is VERY likely that certain types of people volunteered for this study </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >People who are more likely to respond can be those who choose careers in the military, police; those who look for positions of power over others </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Explain S data</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Explain S data</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Self Judgments or Self Reports </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Usually questionnaires or surveys </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >High face validity: the questionnaire items measure what they seem to measure </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the four conditions for validity in rational objective testing?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the four conditions for validity in rational objective testing?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Items mean the same thing to the test taker and creator </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Capability for accurate self assessment </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Willngness to make an accurate and undistorted report </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Items must be valid indicators of what is being measured </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the three methods of constructing objective tests?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the three methods of constructing objective tests?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{},"i":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn","rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI"]"" >Rational: based on theory but sometimes less systematic </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Factor Analytic </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Empirical </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Describe the ideal research program</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Describe the ideal research program</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Both experimental and correlational methods </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the disadvantages of L data?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the disadvantages of L data?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Multidetermination: multiple causes/explainations </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What is the Woodworth Personal Data sheet? How was it developed? How many questions were on it? What result does it produce?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What is the Woodworth Personal Data sheet? How was it developed? How many questions were on it? What result does it produce?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >First personality test </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Developed during WW1 to identify military recruits who would 'break down' in combat </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >116 dichotomous questions </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Yields a single score ‒> global measure of functioning </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Describe objective testing</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Describe objective testing</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Yes/No, True/False, or on a numeric scale </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Questions seem more objective and less open to interpretation </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Define positive, negative, and zero correlations</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Define positive, negative, and zero correlations</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Positive: both variables change together </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Negative: as one increases, the other decreases </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Zero: no relationship between variables</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the advantages of I data?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the advantages of I data?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{},"i":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn","rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI"]"" >A large amount of information </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Real-world basis </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Common sense: Takes context into account</li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Definitional truth </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Causal force</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Describe laboratory B data</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Describe laboratory B data</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Structured observation </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Make a situation happen and record behavior</li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Examine reactions to situations </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Represent real-life contexts that are difficult to observe directly </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the complications with experiments?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the complications with experiments?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Uncertainity about what was really manipulated </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Can create unlikely or impossible levels of a variable</li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Often require deception </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Not always possible </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Describe Natural B data. What recording methods can be used?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Describe Natural B data. What recording methods can be used?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Based on real life</li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Recording methods: </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the advantages of B data, what are the disadvantages?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the advantages of B data, what are the disadvantages?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Advantage: realistic </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Disadvantages: difficult; desired contexts seldomly occur </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Describe L data. How is it obtained?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Describe L data. How is it obtained?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Obtained from archival records or self report </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Advantages and disadvantages of archival records </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >The results, or "residue" of personality </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Describe the combination objective test construction</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Describe the combination objective test construction</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Generate items with rational method, analyze responses with factor analysis, and correlate factors with independent criteria </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Describe projective testing. What is it based on? Why is it controversial?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Describe projective testing. What is it based on? Why is it controversial?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Ask examinees to interpret or make sense of ambiguous stimuli ⇒ Provide B-data </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Based on projective hypothesis </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Controversial, because reliability and validity are in dispute </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the disadvantages of I data?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the disadvantages of I data?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{},"i":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn","rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI"]"" >Limited behavioural information (friends don't know how you act alone or w/ family)</li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Lack of access to private experience </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Error: more likely to remember behaviours that are extreme, unusual, or emotionally arousing </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Bias</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Compare experimental and correlational methods</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Compare experimental and correlational methods</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Both attempt to assess the relationship between two variables </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">The experimental method manipulates the presumed casual variable </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">The correlational method measures it </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Only experiments can assess causality </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Which data is most used?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Which data is most used?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >S and B</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What is factor analysis? What have it also been used to decide?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What is factor analysis? What have it also been used to decide?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >A statistical method for identifying groups </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Has also been used to decide how many fundamental traits exist </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Which objective test is the most common?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Which objective test is the most common?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Rational </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Describe I data</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Describe I data</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Talk to acquaintances, co-workers, clinic psychologists </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >May be more accurate than self-judgements for extremely desirable or undesirable traits </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Used frequently in daily life </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the different sources of personality data?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the different sources of personality data?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >S data: self report </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >L data: life outcomes </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >I data: informant report </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >B data: behavioural observations </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the disadvantages of S data?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the disadvantages of S data?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{},"i":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn","rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI"]"" >Socially desirable responding: tendency of people to make themselves look better than they actually are </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Reverse-scored items: items scored in the opposite direction from the responses</li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Bias</li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Error </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Too simple and too easy</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Describe current questionnaires</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Describe current questionnaires</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Today's questionnaires are empirically validated (are they measuring the same thing? how will do they answer the question at hand?)</li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Can use dichotomous responding, a Likert scale, or open ended responding </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the advantages of S data?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the advantages of S data?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{},"i":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn","rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI"]"" >Large amount of information since people are usually their own best expert</li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Access to thoughts, feelings, and intentions </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Definitional truth: only you can decide for yourself </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Casual force: how who you are impacts what you do </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Simple and easy </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are steps for completing a factor analysis?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are steps for completing a factor analysis?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{},"i":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn","rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI"]"" >Generate a long list of objective items </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Administer these items to a large number of people </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Analyze with a factor analysis </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Consider what the items that group together have in common and name the factor </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the advantages of laboratory B data?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the advantages of laboratory B data?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Range of contexts</li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Appearance of objectivity but room for bias </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the steps for the empirical objective testing method?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the steps for the empirical objective testing method?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{},"i":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn","rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI"]"" >Gather lots of items </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Have a sample of people already divided into groups </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Administer the test </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Compare the answers of the different groups </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Cross-validation </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Describe methods used for detecting socially desirable responding</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>Describe methods used for detecting socially desirable responding</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale: assess 'need for social approval'</li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Other questionnaires have 'lie scales' </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >These helps us to understand the extent to which people engage in socially desirable responding on a given questionnaire </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the disadvantages of laboratory B data?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the disadvantages of laboratory B data?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Difficult and expensive</li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Uncertain interpretation </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the advantages of L data?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W2 - Research Methods <ul><li>What are the advantages of L data?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Objective and verifiable; Psychological relevance (behaviour is based on thoughts and feelings)</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What is the California Q-set?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What is the California Q-set?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >100 phrases must be sorted on 9 point scale </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Predetermined number of items in each category to force a normal distribution </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Initiates humors, is cheerful and verbally fluent </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Do we inherit these personality factors from our parents?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Do we inherit these personality factors from our parents?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >40-60% of the variance in the Big Five is heritable </li></ul>" "<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Explain the idea of Sheldon's body types. What is it? What is it more focused on?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>""<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Explain the idea of Sheldon's body types. What is it? What is it more focused on?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Personality stereotypes based on body type </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >No spectrum, doesn't account for society </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Very male focused</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What did participants complete in the Fast and Funder (2008) study? What content was analyzed?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What did participants complete in the Fast and Funder (2008) study? What content was analyzed?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Participants completed a life history interview and informant completed Q-sort </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Content of speech analyzed by linguistic inquiry and word count program </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>The trait approach focuses exclusively on { ... }</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>The trait approach focuses exclusively on { ... }</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> The trait approach focuses exclusively on <b style=""color: lightblue;"">{{9407590945501403::individual differences}}</b>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Why is Myers Briggs popular?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Why is Myers Briggs popular?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Offers seemingly rich and intriguing descriptions of each personality type </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Looks especially insightful </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >All types are explained positively </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >People think learning their type is enjoyable </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Define personality</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Define personality</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >People's typical way of thinking, feeling, and behaving </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What are the two limitations of the typological approach?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What are the two limitations of the typological approach?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{},"i":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn","rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI"]"" >Types do not predict behaviour or life outcomes beyond what can be predicted with the traits that define the typology </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Categorization into types is often based on cut-off scores, but most traits are normally distributed</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What are the criticisms of Myers Briggs Type Indicator?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What are the criticisms of Myers Briggs Type Indicator?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >NOT VALID, RELIABLE OR BASED IN EVIDENCE </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Not useful for selection or predicting life outcomes </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Based on normally distributed scores </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Measurement is not reliable </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >No evidence that different types follow, persist in, or succeed in different lines of work </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Explain what someone high in narcissism may exhibit vs low in narcissism</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Explain what someone high in narcissism may exhibit vs low in narcissism</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Low in narcissism: would cause us to feel terrible in comparison to others </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >High in narcissism: higher self confidence, powerful, leadership, higher life satisfaction, charming, good first impressions</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What is the Barnum effect?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What is the Barnum effect?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Cognitive bias that occurs when people believe vague descriptions apply specifically to them </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What is the typological approach to personalities? What are the three replicable types?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What is the typological approach to personalities? What are the three replicable types?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Everyone has to fit in a box </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >The three replicable types: well adjusted (adaptable, flexible), maladjusted over controlling (too uptight), maladjusted under controlling (too impulsive)</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What neuroticism positively and negatively correlated with?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What neuroticism positively and negatively correlated with?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Negatively correlated with: happiness, well-being, and physical health </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Positively correlated with: self-reports of unhappiness, anxiety, and physical illness </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What does neuroticism have a general tendency towards? What is it associated with?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What does neuroticism have a general tendency towards? What is it associated with?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Psychopathology and vulnerability </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Associated with undesirable life outcomes</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What are traits NOT?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What are traits NOT?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Not total determinants of behaviour </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Characterize average behaviour across time and situations </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Can be used to predict behaviour and important life outcomes </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Are the big five stable across our lifespan?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Are the big five stable across our lifespan?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Yes after adolescence </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What happens if someone is near the extreme end of a factor in the Big Five?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What happens if someone is near the extreme end of a factor in the Big Five?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Might be having a disorder </li></ul>" "<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Describe Allport's Psychology of Personality. How was it created? What was the outcome?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>""<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Describe Allport's Psychology of Personality. How was it created? What was the outcome?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Gordon Allport and H.S. Odbert counted all of the personality words in the dictionary and developed a list of 4500 traits </li></ul>" "<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What are the 3 levels of traits in Allport's Psychology of Personality?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>""<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What are the 3 levels of traits in Allport's Psychology of Personality?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{},"i":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn","rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI"]"" >Cardinal traits: rare, but very dominant trait </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Central traits: prominent and general; building blocks of personality; most people have 5-10 </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Secondary traits: disposition that varies situationally; displays itself occasionally </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What are the downsides being too open to experience?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What are the downsides being too open to experience?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >open to deviance, too open-can't follow rules </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>How does grandiosity and vulnerability tie in with social media? What is grandiosity and entitlement more associated with?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>How does grandiosity and vulnerability tie in with social media? What is grandiosity and entitlement more associated with?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Grandiosity ⇒ downward social comparison and more problematic SM use </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Vulnerability ⇒ upward social comparison and perceived social exclusion </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Grandiosity and entitlement is associated with posting more often </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What are some disadvantages to agreeableness?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What are some disadvantages to agreeableness?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >taken advantage of, people pleaser, can't handle conflict, can't speak up </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Explain self-monitoring through the single-trait approach. What does it correlate with?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Explain self-monitoring through the single-trait approach. What does it correlate with?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >The degree to which inner and outer selves and behaviours are the same or different across situations </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Correlates with several behaviours</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Define traits</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Define traits</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Enduring predispositions that influence our behaviour across situations </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Research in the trait approach relies on { ... }</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Research in the trait approach relies on { ... }</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> Research in the trait approach relies on <b style=""color: lightblue;"">{{6071484492672581::correlational designs}}</b>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What are the four ways to study personality?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What are the four ways to study personality?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{},"i":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn","rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI"]"" >Single trait approach </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Many trait approach </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Essential trait approach </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"i":{},"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["rvxDcnqaVZm1VW0mI","tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Typological approach</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>How does the big five help us survive?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>How does the big five help us survive?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Extraversion ⇒ helps people connect with others </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Agreeableness ⇒ helps in getting along with others </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Conscientiousness ⇒ helps through careful planning and hard work </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Neuroticism ⇒ helps by being aware of danger </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Openness ⇒ linked to creativity </li></ul>" "<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Describe Eysenck's Dimensions of Personality (how it was created and what it is, what are the strengths and weaknesses?)</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>""<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Describe Eysenck's Dimensions of Personality (how it was created and what it is, what are the strengths and weaknesses?)</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Hans and Sybil Eysenck reduced the trait model further into: </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Strength: biologically based - legitimate </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Weakness: too narrow in focus </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Does birth order correlate with the Big Five?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Does birth order correlate with the Big Five?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >No </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Do people from other cultures have the same personality factors?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Do people from other cultures have the same personality factors?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Yes mostly. There are some differences in averages; some cultures may have an interpersonal relatedness trait </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What are some disadvantages to extraversion?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What are some disadvantages to extraversion?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >argumentative, need to be in control, poor time management, at risk for becoming overweight, mate poaching </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What are the implications of the Big Five?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What are the implications of the Big Five?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Traits are mostly unrelated </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Can bring order to many research findings </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >More complex than they seem at first when just looking at the larger groups </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Describe the big five being present across different cultures</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Describe the big five being present across different cultures</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Has been translated into 28 languages and administered across 56 nations </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What is the most controversial trait?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What is the most controversial trait?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Openness to experience </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What are some disadvantages to conscientiousness?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What are some disadvantages to conscientiousness?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >less creative, less popular</li></ul>" "<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>How was the Cattell's Analysis of Trait Dimensions formed?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>""<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>How was the Cattell's Analysis of Trait Dimensions formed?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Raymond Cattell used factor analysis to reduce Allport's list to 16 dimensions which is still too broad </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What is an alternative to the Big Five? Where does it mostly exist?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>What is an alternative to the Big Five? Where does it mostly exist?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >HEXACO </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Honestly-Humility associated with religiosity </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Mostly considered in eastern cultures </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Describe the Lexical Hypothesis</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Describe the Lexical Hypothesis</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >The idea that important aspects of human life will be labelled and if something in our personality is truly important, many words will exist for it in all languages </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Describe the essential trait approach</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Describe the essential trait approach</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Theoretical approaches to reducing the many to a few traits </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Focusing on which traits are most important and which ones really matter </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Explain the many trait approach</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W4 - The Trait Approach and the Big Five Personality Traits<ul><li>Explain the many trait approach</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multipleChoiceCorrectAnswer=""false"" enableBackSR=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"" >Many traits all play into one behaviour or life outcome </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What happens if someone completing an exam just wants to avoid failing or thinking about failure a lot?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What happens if someone completing an exam just wants to avoid failing or thinking about failure a lot?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">More poor performance!</li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Hinders performance on difficult tasks! </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What happens to people with higher behavioural inhibition in adulthood?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What happens to people with higher behavioural inhibition in adulthood?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Tend to be more reserved and introverted adults </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">More likely to struggle with social functioning </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>Describe the growth mindset</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>Describe the growth mindset</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">People believing that their most basic abilities can be developed through dedication and hard work with brains and talent as just the starting point </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>How does the brain affect people being more driven by approach vs avoidance?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>How does the brain affect people being more driven by approach vs avoidance?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Left: dominating motivation for approach </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""false"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""false"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Right: dominating motivation for avoidance </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What happens after age 2 with behavioural inhibition?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What happens after age 2 with behavioural inhibition?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Higher self regulation</li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Better understanding of social norms </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>Define reactivity and self regulation</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>Define reactivity and self regulation</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Reactivity: excitability, responsivity, and arousability of behavioural and physiological systems </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Self regulation: neural and behavioural processes functioning to modulate underlying reactivity </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>Define behavioural inhibition</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>Define behavioural inhibition</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">responding to new objects, situations, and people with wariness and how responsive you are to new stimuli </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What is the evidence for stability in terms of personality?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What is the evidence for stability in terms of personality?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">r = 0.60-0.90 for 10-year span </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Childhood personality predicts adult behaviour and life outcomes </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Personality disorders are stable especially from childhood </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What is temperament?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What is temperament?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Individual differences in emotional reactivity and self-regulation </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Core emotional, cognitive, and behavioural characteristics around which later personality traits develop </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Biologically based behavioural styles that are stable across situations </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>At what age is it possible to detect personality differences in children?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>At what age is it possible to detect personality differences in children?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Some individual differences can be detected shortly after birth </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Personality differences can be detected among 3 and 4 year olds </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What are the benefits and drawbacks of these characteristics?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What are the benefits and drawbacks of these characteristics?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Less individual</li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">More hostile, less accepting</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What is defensive pessimism? What is the downside?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What is defensive pessimism? What is the downside?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Aware of the worst scenarios which motivates you to limit the chances of them happening </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">More distressed than optimists, over prepared but have similar outcomes to optimists</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>Approach vs Avoidance</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>Approach vs Avoidance</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Approach = more driven towards reward </li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Avoidance = more driven away from punishment </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>When self awareness develop and when does self consciousness develop?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>When self awareness develop and when does self consciousness develop?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Self awareness ⇒ 2 y/o</li><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Self consciousness ⇒ developed around 4/5 y/o</li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What happens as you psychologically mature?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What happens as you psychologically mature?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Become more: self controlled, interpersonally sensitive, emotionally stable </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What is rank order consistency?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What is rank order consistency?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">People tend to maintain the ways in which they are different from other people the same age </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What increases the growth mindset?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What increases the growth mindset?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Self efficacy </li></ul>" "<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>Are children's individual differences powerful enough to predict important adult outcomes decades later?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>""<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>Are children's individual differences powerful enough to predict important adult outcomes decades later?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">Yes! </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What is emotion regulation?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What is emotion regulation?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">ability to exert control over one's own emotional state </li></ul>" <ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What may people with higher behavioural inhibition do in distress?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>"<ul><li>Personality<ul><li>W6 - Personality Development<ul><li>What may people with higher behavioural inhibition do in distress?</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr id=""answer""> <ul><li rem=""true"" type=""undefined"" efc=""undefined"" class="""" multiplechoicecorrectanswer=""false"" enablebacksr=""undefined"" crt=""{"w":{}}"" style=""white-space: pre;"" tags=""["tIFuf6vhGwAdhnlQn"]"">May compensate for distress with attentional shifting </li></ul>" "Shyness: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Higher arousal around novel people or social situations"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> wihch can be sourced from <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""fear or self consciousness"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Shyness: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Higher arousal around novel people or social situations</span> wihch can be sourced from <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">fear or self consciousness</span><br> " "Sociability: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""preference for being aorund others"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- More prone to: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""depression, anxiety"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Sociability: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">preference for being aorund others</span><br>- More prone to: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">depression, anxiety</span><br> " "Effortful control: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""the ability to inhibit a dominant response and/or to activate a subdominant response, to plan ahead, and to detect errors"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Focusing and shifting <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""attention"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> as needed<br>- Activate or inhibit <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""behaviour"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> as needed""Effortful control: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">the ability to inhibit a dominant response and/or to activate a subdominant response, to plan ahead, and to detect errors</span><br>- Focusing and shifting <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">attention</span> as needed<br>- Activate or inhibit <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">behaviour</span> as needed<br> " "Good at controlling effort: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""high"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> in effortful control <br>Bad at controlling effort: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""low"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> in effortful control""Good at controlling effort: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">high</span> in effortful control <br>Bad at controlling effort: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">low</span> in effortful control<br> " "Why is talking about children as ""easy, slow to warm, or difficult"" wrong? "very focused on how parent is precieving child<br>- Biased<br>- Categorical "Negative emotionality: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""tendency to experience negative affect"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Negative emotionality: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">tendency to experience negative affect</span><br> " "Surgency: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""tendency to experience positive affect/reactivity with positive emotions"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Surgency: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">tendency to experience positive affect/reactivity with positive emotions</span><br> " "Heterotypic continuity: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Same underlying processes underlie different behaviours at different ages"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Heterotypic continuity: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Same underlying processes underlie different behaviours at different ages</span><br> " "<u>Openness in Childhood</u><br><ul><li>May converge with <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""perceptual sensitivity: being sensitive to changes in the environment"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br></li><li>Openness to experience increase between <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""11 and 18"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span></li></ul>""<u>Openness in Childhood</u><br><ul><li>May converge with <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">perceptual sensitivity: being sensitive to changes in the environment</span><br></li><li>Openness to experience increase between <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">11 and 18</span></li></ul><br> " "Personality for firstborns: <br><span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Higher in conscientiousness and neuroticism"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br><span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""More dominant (bossy)"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Personality for firstborns: <br><span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Higher in conscientiousness and neuroticism</span><br><span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">More dominant (bossy)</span><br> " "Personality in middle borns: <br><span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Lower in conscientiousness"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Personality in middle borns: <br><span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Lower in conscientiousness</span><br> " "Personality in younger borns:<br><span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Higher in openness to experience"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br><span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""More reckless"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br><span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Lastborns score higher in agreeableness"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Personality in younger borns:<br><span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Higher in openness to experience</span><br><span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">More reckless</span><br><span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Lastborns score higher in agreeableness</span><br> " "Personality in only children: <br><span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Better relationships with parents"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br><span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Compensate for the lack of siblings"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Personality in only children: <br><span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Better relationships with parents</span><br><span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Compensate for the lack of siblings</span><br> " "Acculturation: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""How children learn to become mature members of society"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Acculturation: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">How children learn to become mature members of society</span><br> " "<u>Behaviourism: Habituation<br></u>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Simplest"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> form of behaviour change as a result of experience <br>- Can have <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""important consequences"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- The <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""impact"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> of <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""major life events lessens"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> over time ""<u>Behaviourism: Habituation<br></u>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Simplest</span> form of behaviour change as a result of experience <br>- Can have <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">important consequences</span><br>- The <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">impact</span> of <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">major life events lessens</span> over time <br> " "Affective forecasting: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""overestimation of the emotional impact of future events"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Affective forecasting: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">overestimation of the emotional impact of future events</span><br> " "Watson's Little Albert: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""demonstrated that a little child could be conditioned to fear a stimulus that they were not previously afraid of"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Watson's Little Albert: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">demonstrated that a little child could be conditioned to fear a stimulus that they were not previously afraid of</span><br> " "Social learning theory: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Humans learn nearly everything by observation"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>Bobo doll studies outcome: shows <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""aggressive behaviour increases with modeling, especially when model is reinforced"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Social learning theory: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Humans learn nearly everything by observation</span><br>Bobo doll studies outcome: shows <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">aggressive behaviour increases with modeling, especially when model is reinforced</span><br> " "<u>Shortcomings of social learning theory\<br></u>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Ignores thinking, motivation, and emotion"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Primarily based on animal research"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Ignores social dimension of learning"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Organisms are treated as essentially passive"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Shortcomings of social learning theory\<br></u>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Ignores thinking, motivation, and emotion</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Primarily based on animal research</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Ignores social dimension of learning</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Organisms are treated as essentially passive</span><br> " "Reciprocal determinism: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""A person's behaviour also causes the environment through their actions and is also caused by the environment"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Reciprocal determinism: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">A person's behaviour also causes the environment through their actions and is also caused by the environment</span><br> " "Active person environment transaction: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Person seeks out compatiable environments and avoids incompatible enviroments"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Active person environment transaction: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Person seeks out compatiable environments and avoids incompatible enviroments</span><br> " "Reactive Person Environment Transaction: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Different people respond differently to the same situation"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Reactive Person Environment Transaction: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Different people respond differently to the same situation</span><br> " "Evocative Person-Environment Transaction: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Aspect of a person's personality leads to behaviour that changes the environment"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Evocative Person-Environment Transaction: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Aspect of a person's personality leads to behaviour that changes the environment</span><br> " "<u>Relationship between maternal negativity and child maladjustment</u><br>- High negative affect: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Increase"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> in maternal negativity = <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""decrease"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> in child maladjustment<br>- Low negative affect: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Increase"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> in maternal negativity = <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""increase"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> in child maladjustment""<u>Relationship between maternal negativity and child maladjustment</u><br>- High negative affect: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Increase</span> in maternal negativity = <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">decrease</span> in child maladjustment<br>- Low negative affect: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Increase</span> in maternal negativity = <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">increase</span> in child maladjustment<br> High negative affect = more negative reactivity " "<u>Relationship between maternal negativity and child maladjustment</u><br>- High surgency: Either <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""best"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> outcome or <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""worst"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> outcome <br>- Low negative affect: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""No affect"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Relationship between maternal negativity and child maladjustment</u><br>- High surgency: Either <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">best</span> outcome or <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">worst</span> outcome <br>- Low negative affect: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">No affect</span><br> " "Differential susceptibility: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""'Negative' temperamental characteristics render children more susceptible to positive as well as negative environmental influences"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Differential susceptibility: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">'Negative' temperamental characteristics render children more susceptible to positive as well as negative environmental influences</span><br> " "Cumulative continuity principle: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Personality appears to become more stable as one matures"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br><br>Why? <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Self views become better"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Behaviour becomes more consistent&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Environment becomes more consistent"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> ""Cumulative continuity principle: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Personality appears to become more stable as one matures</span><br><br>Why? <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Self views become better</span> <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Behaviour becomes more consistent </span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Environment becomes more consistent</span> <br> " "From young adulthood to old age:<br>- Personalities tend to mature: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""More"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> in conscientious and agreeableness, <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Less"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> in neurotic, <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""increase"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> in assertiveness and a facet of extraversion""From young adulthood to old age:<br>- Personalities tend to mature: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">More</span> in conscientious and agreeableness, <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Less</span> in neurotic, <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">increase</span> in assertiveness and a facet of extraversion<br> " "Social Investment Theory: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Adult responsibilities and relationships cause maturity"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Social Investment Theory: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Adult responsibilities and relationships cause maturity</span><br> " "<u>How does a long term relationship affect personality? </u><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Increase in conscientiousness&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Decrease in neuroticism"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Increase in self esteem"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>How does a long term relationship affect personality? </u><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Increase in conscientiousness </span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Decrease in neuroticism</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Increase in self esteem</span><br> " "<u>How does becoming a parent affect personality? <br></u>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Increase in neuroticism over time"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Fathers: magnified preexisting sociability"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>How does becoming a parent affect personality? <br></u>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Increase in neuroticism over time</span> <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Fathers: magnified preexisting sociability</span><br> " "Reciprocal determinism: a person's <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""behaviour"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> also causes the <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""enviroment"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- Shapes <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""environment"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> through <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""actions"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Reciprocal determinism: a person's <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">behaviour</span> also causes the <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">enviroment</span> <br>- Shapes <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">environment</span> through <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">actions</span><br> " "<u>Bandura's beliefs about reciprocal determinism </u><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Causes"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> and is <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""caused"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> by behaviour <br>- Both causes and is caused by the <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""environment"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Bandura's beliefs about reciprocal determinism </u><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Causes</span> and is <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">caused</span> by behaviour <br>- Both causes and is caused by the <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">environment</span><br> " "Behavioural genetics: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""The study of the manner in which genetic variation affects psychological traits"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> in the following ways: <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Cognitive abilities"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Personality"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Social attitudes"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>""Behavioural genetics: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">The study of the manner in which genetic variation affects psychological traits</span> in the following ways: <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Cognitive abilities</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Personality</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Social attitudes</span><br><br> " "Genetics: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""the DNA inherited from one's biological parents"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Genetics: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">the DNA inherited from one's biological parents</span><br> " "Shared environment: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""The family environment that siblings share"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Shared environment: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">The family environment that siblings share</span><br> " "Nonshared environment: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Experiences not shared by siblings"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Nonshared environment: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Experiences not shared by siblings</span><br> " "<u>Three Laws of Behavioural Genetics<br></u>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""All human behavioural traits are heritable to some extent"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""The effect of being raised in the same family is smaller than the effect of genes&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""A substantial portion of the variation in complex human behavioural traits is not accounted for by the effects of genes or families"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Three Laws of Behavioural Genetics<br></u>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">All human behavioural traits are heritable to some extent</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">The effect of being raised in the same family is smaller than the effect of genes </span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">A substantial portion of the variation in complex human behavioural traits is not accounted for by the effects of genes or families</span><br> " "Variation in behaviour is roughly attributed to: <br>- Genetics: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""40-50"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>%<br>- Shared Environment: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""0-10"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>%<br>- Unshared Environment: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""50"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>%""Variation in behaviour is roughly attributed to: <br>- Genetics: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">40-50</span>%<br>- Shared Environment: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">0-10</span>%<br>- Unshared Environment: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">50</span>%<br> " "Traits more strongly attributed to genetics: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Impulsivity, Self esteem"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>Traits with specific gene links: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Neuroticism, Sensation seeking, Extraversion"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Traits more strongly attributed to genetics: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Impulsivity, Self esteem</span><br>Traits with specific gene links: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Neuroticism, Sensation seeking, Extraversion</span><br> " "<u>The Limitations of Twin Studies </u><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Restriction of range problems&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Haven't identified influential nonshared environment factors&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Can't rule out confounding variables like appearance (ex. same level of attractiveness + halo effect)"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Can't eliminate shared prenatal influences&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>The Limitations of Twin Studies </u><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Restriction of range problems </span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Haven't identified influential nonshared environment factors </span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Can't rule out confounding variables like appearance (ex. same level of attractiveness + halo effect)</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Can't eliminate shared prenatal influences </span><br> " "Research methods used for studying the brain (WHEN): <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Electroencephalography"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Magnetoencephalography"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Research methods used for studying the brain (WHEN): <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Electroencephalography</span> <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Magnetoencephalography</span><br> " "Frontal symmetry: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""some people having the same amount of activity on both sides"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Frontal symmetry: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">some people having the same amount of activity on both sides</span><br> " "Left side is the dominating in <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""motivation for approach"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""anger"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Left side is the dominating in <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">motivation for approach</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">anger</span><br> " "Right side is the dominating in <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""motivation for avoidance"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""fear"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Right side is the dominating in <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">motivation for avoidance</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">fear</span><br> " "<u>Research Methods for Studying the Brain (WHICH): </u><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Computed tomography (CT) scans"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Positron emission tomopgrahy (PET)&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Functional Magentic Resistance Imaging (fMRI)"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Research Methods for Studying the Brain (WHICH): </u><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Computed tomography (CT) scans</span> <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Positron emission tomopgrahy (PET) </span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Functional Magentic Resistance Imaging (fMRI)</span><br> " "<u>The Big Five and the Brain<br></u>- High agreeableness: more <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""activation"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> in <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""frontal lobe&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- High neuroticism: more responsive <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""amygdala"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- High extraversion: increased <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""activation"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> of <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""amygdala"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- Low conscientiousness (high impulsivity): more <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""activity"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> in the <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""ventral striatum"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- High openness: better <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""short-term memory"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> ""<u>The Big Five and the Brain<br></u>- High agreeableness: more <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">activation</span> in <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">frontal lobe </span><br>- High neuroticism: more responsive <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">amygdala</span><br>- High extraversion: increased <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">activation</span> of <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">amygdala</span> <br>- Low conscientiousness (high impulsivity): more <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">activity</span> in the <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">ventral striatum</span> <br>- High openness: better <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">short-term memory</span> <br> " "Galen (Rome, A.D. 130-200) proposed that <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""personality depended on the balance of humors (blood, black bile, yellow bile, phlegm)"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Galen (Rome, A.D. 130-200) proposed that <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">personality depended on the balance of humors (blood, black bile, yellow bile, phlegm)</span><br> " "<u>The chemistry of the mind</u><br>- Neurons communicate with <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""neurotransmitters"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- Hormones <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""stimulate"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> or <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""inhibit"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> neural activity <br>- About <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""60"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> chemicals transmit information in the brain and body ""<u>The chemistry of the mind</u><br>- Neurons communicate with <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">neurotransmitters</span> <br>- Hormones <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">stimulate</span> or <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">inhibit</span> neural activity <br>- About <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">60</span> chemicals transmit information in the brain and body <br> " "<u>Neurotransmitters: Dopamine </u><br>- Involved in responding to rewards and approaching attractive objects and people <br>- Related to <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""sociability"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""general activity level"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, and <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""novelty seeking"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Facilitates <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""exploration"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""approach"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, and <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""learning"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> ""<u>Neurotransmitters: Dopamine </u><br>- Involved in responding to rewards and approaching attractive objects and people <br>- Related to <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">sociability</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">general activity level</span>, and <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">novelty seeking</span><br>- Facilitates <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">exploration</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">approach</span>, and <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">learning</span> <br> " "<u>Neurotransmitters: Dopamine & Personality <br></u>- Associated with high levels of <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""extraversion"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""openness"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- Associated with low levels of <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""conscientiousness"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- Related to fundamental personality dimension of <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""plasticity"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> ""<u>Neurotransmitters: Dopamine & Personality <br></u>- Associated with high levels of <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">extraversion</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">openness</span> <br>- Associated with low levels of <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">conscientiousness</span> <br>- Related to fundamental personality dimension of <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">plasticity</span> <br> " "<u>Neurotransmitters: Serotonin</u><br>- Role in <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""inhibition"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> of <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""behavioural impulses&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Related to the fundamental personality dimension of stability - <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""conscientiousness"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""agreeableness"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""emotional stability"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Neurotransmitters: Serotonin</u><br>- Role in <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">inhibition</span> of <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">behavioural impulses </span><br>- Related to the fundamental personality dimension of stability - <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">conscientiousness</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">agreeableness</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">emotional stability</span><br> " "<u>Hormones: Oxytocin<br></u>- Has a role in <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""mother-child bonding"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""romantic attachment"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, and <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""sexual response&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Decreases <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""fearfulness"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Increases <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""perceptions of trustworthiness"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""attractiveness in others"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Facilitates <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""approach behaviours"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Hormones: Oxytocin<br></u>- Has a role in <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">mother-child bonding</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">romantic attachment</span>, and <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">sexual response </span><br>- Decreases <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">fearfulness</span><br>- Increases <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">perceptions of trustworthiness</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">attractiveness in others</span><br>- Facilitates <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">approach behaviours</span><br> " "<u>Evolution and Personality</u><br>- Living beings evolve in response to <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""environment"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- Most of our history spent as <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""hunter-gatherers"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, so that influences things""<u>Evolution and Personality</u><br>- Living beings evolve in response to <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">environment</span> <br>- Most of our history spent as <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">hunter-gatherers</span>, so that influences things<br> " "Sociosexuality: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""describes attitudes towards uncommitted sex"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Men report more <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""desire"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> for <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""uncommitted sex"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> than <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""women"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- Having <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""uncommitted sex"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> does not differ between <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""genders"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Sociosexuality: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">describes attitudes towards uncommitted sex</span><br>- Men report more <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">desire</span> for <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">uncommitted sex</span> than <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">women</span> <br>- Having <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">uncommitted sex</span> does not differ between <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">genders</span><br> " "<u>The Need to Belong</u><br>- People have a nearly <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""universal need to"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> belong<br>- Exclusion from groups lead to <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""bad behaviour"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Ostracism causes <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""activation in brain region associated with physical pain&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>The Need to Belong</u><br>- People have a nearly <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">universal need to</span> belong<br>- Exclusion from groups lead to <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">bad behaviour</span><br>- Ostracism causes <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">activation in brain region associated with physical pain </span><br> " "<u>If evolution is universal, why do people still differ in their traits?<br></u>- Environments are <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""not consistent"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> over time<br>- Evolution <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""rewards"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> species with enough <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""variation"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> to <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""adapt"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> to different environment""<u>If evolution is universal, why do people still differ in their traits?<br></u>- Environments are <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">not consistent</span> over time<br>- Evolution <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">rewards</span> species with enough <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">variation</span> to <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">adapt</span> to different environment<br> " "<u>Challenges to Evolutionary Psychology <br></u>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Evolutionary psychology ignores culture&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""An evolutionary argument could be created for any finding&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Impossible to prove evolution caused these perferences"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Evolutionary psychology sometimes used to justify bad behaviour"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Challenges to Evolutionary Psychology <br></u>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Evolutionary psychology ignores culture </span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">An evolutionary argument could be created for any finding </span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Impossible to prove evolution caused these perferences</span> <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Evolutionary psychology sometimes used to justify bad behaviour</span><br> " "<u>Sociometer theory</u><br>- Self esteem <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""notifies us of when something is going wrong so low self esteem would be a danger signal&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Low self esteem can serve as <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""motivation to restore reputation&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- High self esteem can serve as <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""a reflection of success and acceptance&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Sociometer theory</u><br>- Self esteem <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">notifies us of when something is going wrong so low self esteem would be a danger signal </span><br>- Low self esteem can serve as <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">motivation to restore reputation </span><br>- High self esteem can serve as <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">a reflection of success and acceptance </span><br> " "<u>Sigmund Freud - The talking cure:</u> <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Sigmund believed the first step in studying psychology is trying to understand your own mind"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Sigmund Freud - The talking cure:</u> <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Sigmund believed the first step in studying psychology is trying to understand your own mind</span><br> " "Psychic determinism: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""everything that happens in a person's mind has a specific cause and nothing is ever accidental"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Psychic determinism: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">everything that happens in a person's mind has a specific cause and nothing is ever accidental</span><br> " "<u>Levels of Consciousness<br></u>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Conscious mind"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>: Least important, some of the ego <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Preconscious"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Unconscious"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>: all of the id, nearly all of the superego, most of the ego, MOST important, difficult to bring to the surface""<u>Levels of Consciousness<br></u>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Conscious mind</span>: Least important, some of the ego <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Preconscious</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Unconscious</span>: all of the id, nearly all of the superego, most of the ego, MOST important, difficult to bring to the surface<br> " "<u>Structure of Personality<br></u>- Id: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""basic instincts, operates on pleasure principle"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Ego: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""principal decision maker&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Superego: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""sense of morality"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Structure of Personality<br></u>- Id: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">basic instincts, operates on pleasure principle</span><br>- Ego: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">principal decision maker </span><br>- Superego: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">sense of morality</span><br> " "Compromise formation: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""middle course between competing demands of motivation, morality, practicality&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Compromise formation: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">middle course between competing demands of motivation, morality, practicality </span><br> " "<u>Stages of Psychosexual Development</u> <br>- Freud believed that we pass through <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""stages"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, each of which has <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""a physical focus&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Each stage also has a <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""psychological theme"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Individuals who get <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""fixated"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> on a stage and have <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""difficulty moving on&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Stages of Psychosexual Development</u> <br>- Freud believed that we pass through <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">stages</span>, each of which has <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">a physical focus </span><br>- Each stage also has a <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">psychological theme</span><br>- Individuals who get <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">fixated</span> on a stage and have <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">difficulty moving on </span><br> " " <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> "" <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> <div><button id=""toggle"">Toggle Masks</button></div> " " <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> "" <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> <div><button id=""toggle"">Toggle Masks</button></div> " " <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> "" <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> <div><button id=""toggle"">Toggle Masks</button></div> " " <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> "" <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> <div><button id=""toggle"">Toggle Masks</button></div> " " <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> "" <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> <div><button id=""toggle"">Toggle Masks</button></div> " " <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> "" <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> <div><button id=""toggle"">Toggle Masks</button></div> " " <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> "" <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> <div><button id=""toggle"">Toggle Masks</button></div> " " <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> "" <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> <div><button id=""toggle"">Toggle Masks</button></div> " " <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> "" <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> <div><button id=""toggle"">Toggle Masks</button></div> " " <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> "" <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> <div><button id=""toggle"">Toggle Masks</button></div> " " <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> "" <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> <div><button id=""toggle"">Toggle Masks</button></div> " " <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> "" <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> <div><button id=""toggle"">Toggle Masks</button></div> " " <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> "" <div style=""display: none""><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> <div><button id=""toggle"">Toggle Masks</button></div> " " <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> "" <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> <div><button id=""toggle"">Toggle Masks</button></div> " " <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> "" <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> <div><button id=""toggle"">Toggle Masks</button></div> " " <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> "" <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> <div><button id=""toggle"">Toggle Masks</button></div> " " <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> "" <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> <div><button id=""toggle"">Toggle Masks</button></div> " " <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""13"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".6073"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> "" <div style=""display: none""><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""1"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".1231"" data-height="".0732"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""2"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".088"" data-top="".2074"" data-width="".109"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""3"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".3878"" data-width="".0888"" data-height="".0683"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""4"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0864"" data-top="".6122"" data-width="".1168"" data-height="".0634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""5"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".0849"" data-top="".7146"" data-width="".1246"" data-height="".078"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""6"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".1098"" data-width="".1526"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""7"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2235"" data-top="".2171"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1415"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""8"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2313"" data-top="".3927"" data-width="".1215"" data-height="".1219"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""9"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".2266"" data-top="".7292"" data-width="".1589"" data-height="".1951"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""10"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".398"" data-top="".0903"" data-width="".1916"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""11"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3995"" data-top="".2122"" data-width="".2259"" data-height="".0829"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""12"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".3634"" data-width="".2414"" data-height="".2097"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""14"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".3964"" data-top="".7194"" data-width="".257"" data-height="".2195"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""15"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".1001"" data-width="".2648"" data-height="".0585"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""16"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6674"" data-top="".1976"" data-width="".2882"" data-height="".1122"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""17"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6706"" data-top="".3829"" data-width="".3162"" data-height="".1902"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br><div class=""cloze-inactive"" data-ordinal=""18"" data-shape=""rect"" data-left="".6713"" data-top="".7195"" data-width="".3271"" data-height="".2634"" data-occludeInactive=""1"" ></div><br></div> <div id=""err""></div> <div id=""image-occlusion-container""> <img src=""paste-ced512af54d402aeee52c3f05e44d9495132ae69.jpg""> <canvas id=""image-occlusion-canvas""></canvas> </div> <script> try { anki.imageOcclusion.setup(); } catch (exc) { document.getElementById(""err"").innerHTML = Èrror loading image occlusion. Is your Anki version up to date?<br><br>${exc}`; } </script> <div><button id=""toggle"">Toggle Masks</button></div> " "<u>Freud's Oedipus Crisis<br></u>1. Little boys (3-6) fall <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""physically"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""emotionally"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""in love"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> with <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""mother"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>2. At the same time, they feel <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""envy"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""anger"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> towards their <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""fathers"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> - whose <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""place they want to take"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>3. They are <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""fearful"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> that their <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""father"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> will <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""punish their lust by removing their penis&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>4. This <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""castration"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> anxiety keeps the <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""impulses"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> in check <br>5. In order to pass through this stage successfully, <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""the child must resolve this relationship with his parents&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Freud's Oedipus Crisis<br></u>1. Little boys (3-6) fall <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">physically</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">emotionally</span> <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">in love</span> with <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">mother</span> <br>2. At the same time, they feel <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">envy</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">anger</span> towards their <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">fathers</span> - whose <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">place they want to take</span><br>3. They are <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">fearful</span> that their <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">father</span> will <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">punish their lust by removing their penis </span><br>4. This <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">castration</span> anxiety keeps the <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">impulses</span> in check <br>5. In order to pass through this stage successfully, <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">the child must resolve this relationship with his parents </span><br> " "<u>Erikson's Stages Psychosocial Development</u><br>- Not all conflicts are physical or take place in <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""the unconscious mind"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Each life period is characterized by a <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""particular deveopment issue or crisis"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- For each issue or crisis, <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""there is a developmentally healthy path and an unhealthy path"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Erikson's Stages Psychosocial Development</u><br>- Not all conflicts are physical or take place in <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">the unconscious mind</span><br>- Each life period is characterized by a <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">particular deveopment issue or crisis</span><br>- For each issue or crisis, <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">there is a developmentally healthy path and an unhealthy path</span><br> " "Collective unconscious: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""all people share inborn memories and ideas that reside in the unconscious"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Collective unconscious: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">all people share inborn memories and ideas that reside in the unconscious</span><br> " "Archetypes: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""basic images at the core of how people think about the world"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Archetypes: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">basic images at the core of how people think about the world</span><br> " "Persona: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""a social mask that one wears in public"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Persona: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">a social mask that one wears in public</span><br> " "Four basic ways of thinking: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""rational, feeling, sensing, intuiting"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Four basic ways of thinking: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">rational, feeling, sensing, intuiting</span><br> " "Parallel distributed processing: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""only small fraction of what mind is doing become conscious which represents the compromise"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Parallel distributed processing: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">only small fraction of what mind is doing become conscious which represents the compromise</span><br> " "Humanism: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""emphasizes whatever is seen as distinctive about humanity"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Humanism: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">emphasizes whatever is seen as distinctive about humanity</span><br> " "Existentialism: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""concern with the meaning of life"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Existentialism: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">concern with the meaning of life</span><br> " "Phenomenology: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""a person's particular experience of the world"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Men --> <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""more likely to detect threat or blame"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- Women --> <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""more likely to perceive the need for people to be supportive"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Phenomenology: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">a person's particular experience of the world</span><br>- Men --> <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">more likely to detect threat or blame</span> <br>- Women --> <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">more likely to perceive the need for people to be supportive</span><br> " "Humanistic psychology: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""the psychological study of awareness, free will, and the many related aspect that are uniquely human and give life meaning"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Humanistic psychology: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">the psychological study of awareness, free will, and the many related aspect that are uniquely human and give life meaning</span><br> " "Purpose of existentialism: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""regain contact with the experience of being alive and aware"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Purpose of existentialism: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">regain contact with the experience of being alive and aware</span><br> " "Optimistic Humanism: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""the idea that people have one basic tendency and striving for own happiness and the happines sof others we care about"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Optimistic Humanism: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">the idea that people have one basic tendency and striving for own happiness and the happines sof others we care about</span><br> " "Unconditional positive regard: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""treating someone as good no matter what they're saying in therapy"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Unconditional positive regard: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">treating someone as good no matter what they're saying in therapy</span><br> " "Fully functioning person: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""be clearly aware of reality and yourself, face the world without fear, self-doubt, or neurotic defenses"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Fully functioning person: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">be clearly aware of reality and yourself, face the world without fear, self-doubt, or neurotic defenses</span><br> " "<u>Components of positive psychology:</u><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Scientific and applied approach&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Uncovering human strengths while keeping cultural context in mind"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Promoting positive functioning"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Components of positive psychology:</u><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Scientific and applied approach </span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Uncovering human strengths while keeping cultural context in mind</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Promoting positive functioning</span><br> " "Virtue: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""traits that may focus on human strengths instead of faults"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Virtue: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">traits that may focus on human strengths instead of faults</span><br> " "6 core virtues: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""courage, justice, humanity, temperance, wisdom, transcendence"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""6 core virtues: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">courage, justice, humanity, temperance, wisdom, transcendence</span><br> " "Caregiver provides security and protection, called a <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""secure base"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Caregiver provides security and protection, called a <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">secure base</span><br> " "<u>Attachment Theory</u><br>- Early experiences shape <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""personalities"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""adult relationships"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Separation from caregivers produces <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""problems"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- Children's attachment experiences eventually become <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""internalized"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> ""<u>Attachment Theory</u><br>- Early experiences shape <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">personalities</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">adult relationships</span><br>- Separation from caregivers produces <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">problems</span> <br>- Children's attachment experiences eventually become <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">internalized</span> <br> " "Internal working model: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""set of expectations about caregivers' availbility and responsiveness generally and in times of stress"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Internal working model: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">set of expectations about caregivers' availbility and responsiveness generally and in times of stress</span><br> " "Secure attachment: when a child's caregiver is <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""a source of comfort and secruity&nbsp;<br>"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""trusting"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""open"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Associated with <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""the best psychological outcomes"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Secure attachment: when a child's caregiver is <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">a source of comfort and secruity <br></span>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">trusting</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">open</span><br>- Associated with <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">the best psychological outcomes</span><br> " "Anxious attachment: when a caregiver is <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""unreliable"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- Child might be <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""difficult to comfort"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> when <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""scared"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Anxious"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""uncertain"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, and <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""clingy"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Anxious attachment: when a caregiver is <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">unreliable</span> <br>- Child might be <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">difficult to comfort</span> when <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">scared</span> <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Anxious</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">uncertain</span>, and <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">clingy</span><br> " "Avoidant attachment: when caregiver is <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""consistently unavailable or abusive"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Child avoids <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""closeness"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Child learns to <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""distrust"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> caregiver and relationships""Avoidant attachment: when caregiver is <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">consistently unavailable or abusive</span><br>- Child avoids <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">closeness</span><br>- Child learns to <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">distrust</span> caregiver and relationships<br> " "Secure adult attachment: comfort with emotional closeness, lack of abandonment concern<br>- successful at <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""asking for help"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- less intense <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""grief"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- higher <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""physical energy&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Secure adult attachment: comfort with emotional closeness, lack of abandonment concern<br>- successful at <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">asking for help</span> <br>- less intense <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">grief</span> <br>- higher <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">physical energy </span><br> " "<b>Avoidant adult attachment</b>: low <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""extraversion"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, low <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""agreeableness"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, low <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""conscientiousness"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Men --> less likely to <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""seek physical contact"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<b>Avoidant adult attachment</b>: low <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">extraversion</span>, low <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">agreeableness</span>, low <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">conscientiousness</span><br>- Men --> less likely to <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">seek physical contact</span><br> " "<b>Anxious adult attachment</b>: high <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""neuroticism"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, low <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""conscientiousness"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, more likely to <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""be upset when separated from partner"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<b>Anxious adult attachment</b>: high <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">neuroticism</span>, low <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">conscientiousness</span>, more likely to <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">be upset when separated from partner</span><br> " "People high in <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""agreeableness"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> are more likely to be more satifised in relationships and people high in <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""neuroticism"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> are more likely to be unsatifised in relationships. ""People high in <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">agreeableness</span> are more likely to be more satifised in relationships and people high in <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">neuroticism</span> are more likely to be unsatifised in relationships. <br> " "<u>People high in extraversion in relationships: </u><br>- Good at <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""forming relationships"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, maintain <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""numerous"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""More"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> satisfied in relationships <br>- More <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""shallow"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> and less <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""involved"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> relationships ""<u>People high in extraversion in relationships: </u><br>- Good at <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">forming relationships</span>, maintain <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">numerous</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">More</span> satisfied in relationships <br>- More <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">shallow</span> and less <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">involved</span> relationships <br> " "<u>People high in agreeableness in relationships: </u><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Positive"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""satisfying"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> relationships""<u>People high in agreeableness in relationships: </u><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Positive</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">satisfying</span> relationships<br> " "<u>People high in neuroticism in relationships: </u><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Troubled"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""unstable"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> relationships""<u>People high in neuroticism in relationships: </u><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Troubled</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">unstable</span> relationships<br> " "<u>People high in conscientiousness in relationships: </u><br>- Less <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""conflict"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, including <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""violence"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>People high in conscientiousness in relationships: </u><br>- Less <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">conflict</span>, including <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">violence</span><br> " "<u>Relationships and Openness to Experience </u><br>- Motivated to <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""incorporate aspects of the partner's identity to expand the self"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, aka <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""self-expansion"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- More likely to <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""explore new relationship experiences"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Relationships and Openness to Experience </u><br>- Motivated to <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">incorporate aspects of the partner's identity to expand the self</span>, aka <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">self-expansion</span><br>- More likely to <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">explore new relationship experiences</span><br> " "<u>Do opposites attract?<br></u>- Similarity in attitudes and values <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""increase"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> satisfaction <br>- Similarity in big five personality traits <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""decreases"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> satisfication""<u>Do opposites attract?<br></u>- Similarity in attitudes and values <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">increase</span> satisfaction <br>- Similarity in big five personality traits <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">decreases</span> satisfication<br> " "<u>Characteristics of psychopathy</u><br>- lack of <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""empathy"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""impulsivity"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- not affected by <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""the suffering of others"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Characteristics of psychopathy</u><br>- lack of <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">empathy</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">impulsivity</span><br>- not affected by <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">the suffering of others</span><br> " "<u>Characteristics of machiavellianism<br></u>- Lack of <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""empathy"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, willingness to <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""exploit"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Unemotional"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Ignore <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""conventional morality"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Characteristics of machiavellianism<br></u>- Lack of <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">empathy</span>, willingness to <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">exploit</span> <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Unemotional</span><br>- Ignore <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">conventional morality</span><br> " "<u>Characteristics of narcissism<br></u>- lack of <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""empathy"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, sense of <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""grandiosity"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- care <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""only about themselves"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> and preserving <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""positive self-image"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Characteristics of narcissism<br></u>- lack of <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">empathy</span>, sense of <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">grandiosity</span> <br>- care <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">only about themselves</span> and preserving <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">positive self-image</span><br> " "<u>The Dark Triad</u><br>- More likely to take a <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""game-playing"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> approach to relationships <br>- Willing to <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""exploit others&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Short term"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> relationships filled with <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""drama"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- May be <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""players"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- More likely to engage in <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""mate poaching"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>The Dark Triad</u><br>- More likely to take a <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">game-playing</span> approach to relationships <br>- Willing to <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">exploit others </span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Short term</span> relationships filled with <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">drama</span> <br>- May be <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">players</span> <br>- More likely to engage in <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">mate poaching</span><br> " "<u>How cultures shape people</u><br>- Children learn social norms of their culture through <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""socialization"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Cross-cultural differences which may arise from <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""geography"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> ""<u>How cultures shape people</u><br>- Children learn social norms of their culture through <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">socialization</span><br>- Cross-cultural differences which may arise from <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">geography</span> <br> " "Mutual constitution: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""the idea that culture shapes individuals, but individuals also shape culture&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Mutual constitution: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">the idea that culture shapes individuals, but individuals also shape culture </span><br> " "Individualism: a culture system favouring <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""the needs of the self over those of others and society"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- more likely to <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""focus on personal attributes"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- separates the <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""self from others"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Individualism: a culture system favouring <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">the needs of the self over those of others and society</span><br>- more likely to <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">focus on personal attributes</span><br>- separates the <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">self from others</span><br> " "Collectivism: a culture system placing <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""the needs of others and society first"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- focus on <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""group memberships and affiliations"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""unites"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> the self and others""Collectivism: a culture system placing <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">the needs of others and society first</span><br>- focus on <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">group memberships and affiliations</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">unites</span> the self and others<br> " "Internal attribution: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""explains behaviour focused on individual and their choices and personality"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Internal attribution: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">explains behaviour focused on individual and their choices and personality</span><br> " "External attribution: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""explains behaviour focused on the surrounding situation"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""External attribution: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">explains behaviour focused on the surrounding situation</span><br> " "Reference-Group effect: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""people comparing themselves to others they know when completing questionnaries&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Can make cross-cultural comparisons of personality traits <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""difficult"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> ""Reference-Group effect: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">people comparing themselves to others they know when completing questionnaries </span><br>- Can make cross-cultural comparisons of personality traits <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">difficult</span> <br> " "Mental disorders: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""a pattern of mental symptoms causing significant problems in life"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- causes <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""distress"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> beyond what is <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""normal, typical, or culturally appropriat"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>e <br>- on a continuum from <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""healthy"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> to <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""disordered"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Mental disorders: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">a pattern of mental symptoms causing significant problems in life</span><br>- causes <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">distress</span> beyond what is <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">normal, typical, or culturally appropriat</span>e <br>- on a continuum from <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">healthy</span> to <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">disordered</span><br> " "Personality disorder: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Long-term, rigid, wide ranging pattern of thoughts, feelings, behaviour causing dysfunction and/or distress"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Personality disorder: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Long-term, rigid, wide ranging pattern of thoughts, feelings, behaviour causing dysfunction and/or distress</span><br> " "the separating factor between personality and personality disorders: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""the degree&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""the separating factor between personality and personality disorders: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">the degree </span><br> " "Ego syntonic: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""behaviours are actions that align with your personal goals, values, and beliefs"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- Ex. <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""narcissitic pd"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Ego syntonic: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">behaviours are actions that align with your personal goals, values, and beliefs</span><br>- Ex. <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">narcissitic pd</span><br> " "Ego dystonic: <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""behaviours are actions that are inconsistent with your personal goals, values and beliefs&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- ex. <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""substance use disorders"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""Ego dystonic: <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">behaviours are actions that are inconsistent with your personal goals, values and beliefs </span><br>- ex. <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">substance use disorders</span><br> " """Bad five"": <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""negative affectivity, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition, psychoticism"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""""Bad five"": <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">negative affectivity, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition, psychoticism</span><br> " "<u>Schizotypal personality disorder:</u> <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Lifelong patterns of odd or peculiar behaviours"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br><br>Associated features: <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""social isolation"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""suspiciousness + paranoia"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""odd + magical thinking"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""preoccupation with bizarre fantasies"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""cognitive + perceptual dysregulation"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Schizotypal personality disorder:</u> <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Lifelong patterns of odd or peculiar behaviours</span><br><br>Associated features: <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">social isolation</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">suspiciousness + paranoia</span> <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">odd + magical thinking</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">preoccupation with bizarre fantasies</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">cognitive + perceptual dysregulation</span><br> " "<u>Borderline personality disorder:</u> <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""Instability of emotions, interpersonal relationships, and image"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br><br>- emotional <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""dysregulation"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> <br>- extreme <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""sensitivity"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> to <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""perceived interpersonal slights&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""impulsivity"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""self-destructive"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> behaviours <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""over-reliance"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> on others, worries about <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""rejection"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""abandonment"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Borderline personality disorder:</u> <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">Instability of emotions, interpersonal relationships, and image</span><br><br>- emotional <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">dysregulation</span> <br>- extreme <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">sensitivity</span> to <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">perceived interpersonal slights </span><br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">impulsivity</span>, <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">self-destructive</span> behaviours <br>- <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">over-reliance</span> on others, worries about <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">rejection</span> and <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">abandonment</span><br> " "<u>Antisocial personality disorder:</u> <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- considered both <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""personality"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> AND a <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""conduct"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> disorder<br>- gratifying own <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""desires, violation of major social norms&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- little <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""remorse"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, indifferent to <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""pain and suffering&nbsp;"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- poor <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""impulse control"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>, high <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""thrill seeking"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span><br>- must be evident by <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""patterns"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> of <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""disordered conduct"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span> before the age of <span class=""cloze"" data-cloze=""15"" data-ordinal=""1"">[...]</span>""<u>Antisocial personality disorder:</u> <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others</span><br>- considered both <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">personality</span> AND a <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">conduct</span> disorder<br>- gratifying own <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">desires, violation of major social norms </span><br>- little <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">remorse</span>, indifferent to <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">pain and suffering </span><br>- poor <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">impulse control</span>, high <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">thrill seeking</span><br>- must be evident by <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">patterns</span> of <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">disordered conduct</span> before the age of <span class=""cloze"" data-ordinal=""1"">15</span><br> " " <div id=""io-header""></div> <div id=""io-wrapper""> <div id=""io-overlay""><img src=""2714177d1d224095bf592f3bf58e50ca-ao-1-Q.svg"" /></div> <div id=""io-original""><img src=""tmpsh8kpjf3.jpg"" /></div> </div> <div id=""io-footer""></div> <script> // Prevent original image from loading before mask aFade = 50, qFade = 0; var mask = document.querySelector('#io-overlay>img'); function loaded() { var original = document.querySelector('#io-original'); original.style.visibility = ""visible""; } if (mask === null || mask.complete) { loaded(); } else { mask.addEventListener('load', loaded); } </script> "" <div id=""io-header""></div> <div id=""io-wrapper""> <div id=""io-overlay""><img src=""2714177d1d224095bf592f3bf58e50ca-ao-1-A.svg""></div> <div id=""io-original""><img src=""tmpsh8kpjf3.jpg"" /></div> </div> <button id=""io-revl-btn"" onclick=""toggle();"">Toggle Masks</button> <div id=""io-extra-wrapper""> <div id=""io-extra""> </div> </div> <script> // Toggle answer mask on clicking the image var toggle = function() { var amask = document.getElementById('io-overlay'); if (amask.style.display === 'block' || amask.style.display === '') amask.style.display = 'none'; else amask.style.display = 'block' } // Prevent original image from loading before mask aFade = 50, qFade = 0; var mask = document.querySelector('#io-overlay>img'); function loaded() { var original = document.querySelector('#io-original'); original.style.visibility = ""visible""; } if (mask === null || mask.complete) { loaded(); } else { mask.addEventListener('load', loaded); } </script> " " <div id=""io-header""></div> <div id=""io-wrapper""> <div id=""io-overlay""><img src=""2714177d1d224095bf592f3bf58e50ca-ao-2-Q.svg"" /></div> <div id=""io-original""><img src=""tmpsh8kpjf3.jpg"" /></div> </div> <div id=""io-footer""></div> <script> // Prevent original image from loading before mask aFade = 50, qFade = 0; var mask = document.querySelector('#io-overlay>img'); function loaded() { var original = document.querySelector('#io-original'); original.style.visibility = ""visible""; } if (mask === null || mask.complete) { loaded(); } else { mask.addEventListener('load', loaded); } </script> "" <div id=""io-header""></div> <div id=""io-wrapper""> <div id=""io-overlay""><img src=""2714177d1d224095bf592f3bf58e50ca-ao-2-A.svg"" /></div> <div id=""io-original""><img src=""tmpsh8kpjf3.jpg"" /></div> </div> <button id=""io-revl-btn"" onclick=""toggle();"">Toggle Masks</button> <div id=""io-extra-wrapper""> <div id=""io-extra""> </div> </div> <script> // Toggle answer mask on clicking the image var toggle = function() { var amask = 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""visible""; } if (mask === null || mask.complete) { loaded(); } else { mask.addEventListener('load', loaded); } </script> " " <div id=""io-header""></div> <div id=""io-wrapper""> <div id=""io-overlay""><img src=""2714177d1d224095bf592f3bf58e50ca-ao-4-Q.svg"" /></div> <div id=""io-original""><img src=""tmpsh8kpjf3.jpg"" /></div> </div> <div id=""io-footer""></div> <script> // Prevent original image from loading before mask aFade = 50, qFade = 0; var mask = document.querySelector('#io-overlay>img'); function loaded() { var original = document.querySelector('#io-original'); original.style.visibility = ""visible""; } if (mask === null || mask.complete) { loaded(); } else { mask.addEventListener('load', loaded); } </script> "" <div id=""io-header""></div> <div id=""io-wrapper""> <div id=""io-overlay""><img src=""2714177d1d224095bf592f3bf58e50ca-ao-4-A.svg""></div> <div id=""io-original""><img src=""tmpsh8kpjf3.jpg"" /></div> </div> <button id=""io-revl-btn"" onclick=""toggle();"">Toggle Masks</button> <div id=""io-extra-wrapper""> <div id=""io-extra""> </div> </div> <script> // Toggle answer mask on clicking the image var toggle = function() { var amask = document.getElementById('io-overlay'); if (amask.style.display === 'block' || amask.style.display === '') amask.style.display = 'none'; else amask.style.display = 'block' } // Prevent original image from loading before mask aFade = 50, qFade = 0; var mask = document.querySelector('#io-overlay>img'); function loaded() { var original = document.querySelector('#io-original'); original.style.visibility = ""visible""; } if (mask === null || mask.complete) { loaded(); } else { mask.addEventListener('load', loaded); } </script> " " <div id=""io-header""></div> <div id=""io-wrapper""> <div id=""io-overlay""><img src=""2714177d1d224095bf592f3bf58e50ca-ao-5-Q.svg"" /></div> <div id=""io-original""><img src=""tmpsh8kpjf3.jpg"" /></div> </div> <div id=""io-footer""></div> <script> // Prevent original image from loading before mask aFade = 50, qFade = 0; var mask = document.querySelector('#io-overlay>img'); function loaded() { var original = document.querySelector('#io-original'); original.style.visibility = ""visible""; } if (mask === null || mask.complete) { loaded(); } else { mask.addEventListener('load', loaded); } </script> "" <div id=""io-header""></div> <div id=""io-wrapper""> <div id=""io-overlay""><img src=""2714177d1d224095bf592f3bf58e50ca-ao-5-A.svg""></div> <div id=""io-original""><img src=""tmpsh8kpjf3.jpg"" /></div> </div> <button id=""io-revl-btn"" onclick=""toggle();"">Toggle Masks</button> <div id=""io-extra-wrapper""> <div id=""io-extra""> </div> </div> <script> // Toggle answer mask on clicking the image var toggle = function() { var amask = document.getElementById('io-overlay'); if (amask.style.display === 'block' || amask.style.display === '') amask.style.display = 'none'; else amask.style.display = 'block' } // Prevent original image from loading before mask aFade = 50, qFade = 0; var mask = document.querySelector('#io-overlay>img'); function loaded() { var original = document.querySelector('#io-original'); original.style.visibility = ""visible""; } if (mask === null || mask.complete) { loaded(); } else { mask.addEventListener('load', loaded); } </script> " " <div id=""io-header""></div> <div id=""io-wrapper""> <div id=""io-overlay""><img src=""2714177d1d224095bf592f3bf58e50ca-ao-6-Q.svg"" /></div> <div id=""io-original""><img src=""tmpsh8kpjf3.jpg"" /></div> </div> <div id=""io-footer""></div> <script> // Prevent original image from loading before mask aFade = 50, qFade = 0; var mask = document.querySelector('#io-overlay>img'); function loaded() { var original = document.querySelector('#io-original'); original.style.visibility = ""visible""; } if (mask === null || mask.complete) { loaded(); } else { mask.addEventListener('load', loaded); } </script> "" <div id=""io-header""></div> <div id=""io-wrapper""> <div id=""io-overlay""><img src=""2714177d1d224095bf592f3bf58e50ca-ao-6-A.svg"" /></div> <div id=""io-original""><img src=""tmpsh8kpjf3.jpg"" /></div> </div> <button id=""io-revl-btn"" onclick=""toggle();"">Toggle Masks</button> <div id=""io-extra-wrapper""> <div id=""io-extra""> </div> </div> <script> // Toggle answer mask on clicking the image var toggle = function() { var amask = document.getElementById('io-overlay'); if (amask.style.display === 'block' || amask.style.display === '') amask.style.display = 'none'; else amask.style.display = 'block' } // Prevent original image from loading before mask aFade = 50, qFade = 0; var mask = document.querySelector('#io-overlay>img'); function loaded() { var original = document.querySelector('#io-original'); original.style.visibility = ""visible""; } if (mask === null || mask.complete) { loaded(); } else { mask.addEventListener('load', loaded); } </script> "

Personality Disorders: Definition, Diagnosis, and Types

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Personality Disorders: Definition, Diagnosis, and Types

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