Detailed Lesson Plan in Science
I. Objectives
A. Content Standard:
The learners demonstrate understanding of how gravity and friction affect the movement of
objects.
B. Performance Standard:
The learners produce an advertisement demonstrating road safety.
C. Learning Competency:
The learners infer how friction and gravity affect the movements of different objects.
D. Learning Objectives:
Recognize the forces of gravity and friction through interactive activities and experiments
involving everyday objects.
Demonstrate how gravity and friction influence the speed and movement of objects by
participating in hands-on activities.
Collaborate with peers to create an advertisement that showcases the importance of road
safety by applying the concepts of gravity and friction.
II. Subject Matter
A. Topic: Gravitation and Frictional Forces
B. Science Processes: Observing, inferring, and predicting
C. Values Integration: Promoting safety and awareness in everyday activities
D. Materials: Ball, ramp, sandpaper, toy car, rubber band, worksheet, images of road scenarios
E. References: EASE Physics Module 10, Science and Technology IV, NISMED Textbook
Chemistry III Textbook. Mapa, Amelia P., Ph.D., et al. 2001. pp. 38-42
F. Other Learning Resources: Advertisements on road safety, internet sources
III. Learning Activities
A. ENGAGE
1. REVIEW
TEACHER’S ACTIVITY
CHILDREN ACTIVITY
Class, last time we talked about
different forces. Who can remind us
what a force is?
A force is a push or pull on an
object.
Very good! Now, can someone give
an example of a force in our everyday
lives?
2. MOTIVATION
When we push a door open!
Exactly! Forces are all around us, and
today, we will focus on two specific
forces—gravity and friction.
Today, I have something fun to show I volunteer Ma’am.
you. I need two volunteers.
Me too Ma’am.
Now, one of you will push this toy car
across the table. Let’s see how far it
goes. But before we start, what do
you think will happen to the car when
you push it?
It will move across the table
and then stop.
It might go fast and slow
down after a while.
Great predictions! Let’s test it out.
Hmm… it stopped after a few
seconds. Now, what if I make the
table surface super smooth?"
(Teacher lays down a smooth plastic
sheet on the table.)
Try pushing the car again!
Did you notice anything different?
Why do you think the car moved
farther this time?
The smooth surface made it
slide more easily!
Exactly! This shows how friction
affects movement. But what about
gravity? Why doesn’t the car float in
the air when you push it?
Because gravity pulls it down!
Correct! These are the two forces
we’ll be exploring today—gravity and
friction. And in the next activity, you’ll
get to test these forces with your own
experiments. Are you ready to see
how they work?
B. EXPLORE
1. PRESENTATION
Let's start by discussing gravity.
Gravity is the force that pulls objects
towards the Earth. Can anyone think
of an example of gravity in action?
Yes! Gravity is what causes the apple
to fall to the ground. Now, let’s move
on to friction. Friction is the force that
opposes movement between two
surfaces. What do you think would
happen to a ball rolling on a smooth
surface compared to a rough one?
2. PRE-ACTIVITY
3. ACTIVITY
Correct! Friction can slow down
objects or even stop them.
Before we start our experiment, what
do you predict will happen if I roll this
toy car down a ramp with a smooth
surface? What about if I add
sandpaper to the ramp?
When an apple falls from a
tree!
It will roll faster on a smooth
surface!
The car will go fast on the
smooth ramp and slower on
the rough ramp.
Now, let’s conduct an experiment to
investigate how friction affects the
movement of a toy car on different
surfaces. But you will do it with your
groupmates.
Okay Ma’am.
You will be testing how the toy car
moves on a smooth surface (bond
paper) compared to a rough surface
Yes Ma’am.
(sandpaper). First, let’s set up our
ramps. We’ll place one ramp with
smooth paper and the other with
sandpaper. Everyone will have a
chance to test. Understand?
Okay let us do this step:
Step 1: Set up
Step 2: Hypothesis - What do you
think will happen when you roll the toy
car on the smooth surface compared
to the rough surface? Write down
your predictions in your notebooks.
Step 3: Experiment
Step 4: Observe
Step 5: Conclusion
C. EXPLAIN
1. GROUP
REPORTING
Now that each group has completed
their experiment, let's report your
findings. I want one representative
from each group to come forward and
explain what you observed. Let’s start
with Group 1.
In our group, we found that
the toy car moved faster on
the smooth surface compared
to the rough surface. The
rough surface had more
friction, so the car slowed
down.
Great observation! What was the
difference in time between the two
surfaces?
In the smooth ramp, it took 2
seconds for the car to reach
the bottom, while on the
rough ramp, it took 4
seconds.
Very good! That clearly shows how
friction affects speed. Now let’s hear
from Group 2.
We had similar results. The
car moved quickly on the
smooth paper but much
slower on the sandpaper. The
smooth surface created less
friction.
Exactly! What did you predict before
starting the experiment? Was your
prediction correct?
Yes, we predicted that the car
would move faster on the
smooth surface, and that’s
what happened!
Good job! Now, let’s hear from Group
3. What did you notice?
We saw that the toy car
almost stopped halfway on
the rough ramp because the
sandpaper created a lot of
friction.
Excellent observation! So, what can
we conclude about how friction
affects movement?
Friction slows down objects,
especially on rough surfaces.
Yes! Friction can slow down or stop
movement depending on the surface.
Well done, everyone. Now, let’s move
2. DISCUSSION
on to the discussion.
Now that we’ve reported our findings,
let's connect them to what we’ve
learned about friction and gravity. I’ll
ask some questions, and you can all
join in. Ready?
Yes Ma’am!
Why do you think friction is important
in our daily lives?
Friction helps us walk.
Without it, we would slip and
fall.
That’s right! Can you think of another
example where friction is helpful?
Friction helps cars stop when
we brake.
Exactly! Without friction, it would be
dangerous to drive. Now, can friction
ever be a problem?
Yes! When there’s too much
friction, it can slow things
down, like in our experiment
with the sandpaper.
Good point! Sometimes too much
friction can cause wear and tear on
machines. What about gravity? How
does gravity affect the ball I dropped
earlier?
Gravity pulled it down to the
ground.
Right! Gravity is the force that pulls
objects toward the Earth. Does
anyone know why friction and gravity
are important for road safety?
Friction helps cars stop, and
gravity makes sure they stay
on the ground.
Very good! That’s why understanding
these forces is important, especially
for keeping us safe on the road.
D. ELABORATE
1. GENERALIZATION What have we learned today about
gravity and friction?
Gravity pulls objects down
towards Earth.
Friction slows down moving
objects.
Good! Now that we understand how
gravity and friction affect movement,
let's think about road safety. Imagine
we are creating an advertisement to
show why friction and gravity are
important for keeping roads safe.
Who can give me an example of how
friction helps in road safety?
Friction between the tires and
the road helps cars stop
when drivers use the brakes.
Without friction, they would
keep sliding.
Exactly! That’s why good tires are
important. Now, how does gravity
help with road safety? Think about
going downhill.
Gravity pulls the car down the
slope, so drivers need to slow
down and use brakes to
control the speed.
Right! Gravity makes cars go faster
downhill, and that’s why brakes are
We can say, 'Keep your tires
in good shape and control
so important. Now, let’s think about
our advertisement. What message
can we create to remind people about
road safety using these two forces?
your speed to stay safe on
the road!
Excellent! That’s a clear and strong
message for an advertisement.
Remember, friction and gravity play a
huge role in road safety, and knowing
how they work helps us stay safe.
E. EVALUATE
Match the terms with their correct
definitions and give one real-life
example of gravity and friction.
A. Matching Type:
Match the terms in Column A with
their correct definitions in Column B.
Column A:
1. Friction
2. Gravity
3. Force
Column B:
a. The resistance that one
surface or object encounters
when moving over another.
b. A force that pulls objects
toward the center of the
Earth.
c. The tendency of an object
to resist changes in its state
of motion.
d. A push or pull exerted on
an object.
B. Short Answer:
1. Give one real-life example of
how gravity affects
movement.
2. Give one real-life example of
how friction affects
movement.
IV. Assignment:
Observe objects around your home. Write down two examples of how friction and gravity
affect movement. Also, draw an illustration of one of the examples.
Prepared by:
LORILLA, MARIAN JOY L.
II – BEED 27 (N)