NAME ___________________________________________________ DATE _____________________ CLASS ______________
Chapter 8 Test, Form A
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Social Stratification
DIRECTIONS: Matching Match each item with the correct statement below.
________ 1. each layer in a stratification system
A. horizontal mobility
________ 2. change in class that takes place over a generation
B. proletariat
________ 3. the state in which one is unable to secure life’s necessities
C. vertical mobility
________ 4. movement from an economy based on agriculture to one
based on manufacturing
D. bourgeoisie
E. intergenerational mobility
________ 5. the group that owns the means of production
F. relative poverty
________ 6. measure of poverty by economic disparity
G. social class
________ 7. changing from one social class to another
H. absolute poverty
________ 8. group that labors without ownership
I. globalization
________ 9. changing occupations within the same class
J. industrialization
_______ 10. development of an increasingly integrated world economy
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
DIRECTIONS: Multiple Choice Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers
the question.
_______ 11. Which of the following people would most likely be a member of the working poor?
A. a man with few marketable skills who comes from a family in which people typically worked
only enough to get by
B. a single woman with a college degree
C. a husband and wife who both have technology-related skills
D. a skilled carpenter with a wife and two children
_______ 12. When you add up all the economic resources a person has, such as her savings, home, personal
property, etc., you have determined that person’s
A. caste.
B. power.
C. wealth.
D. prestige.
_______ 13. Irina moves from a job as a computer programmer to a job as a Webpage designer. This is most
likely an example of
A. intergenerational mobility.
B. horizontal mobility.
C. vertical mobility.
D. the caste system.
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NAME ___________________________________________________ DATE _____________________ CLASS ______________
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Chapter 8 Test, Form A cont.
Social Stratification
_______ 14. Which of the following refers to the different layers of people who possess varying amounts of
scarce resources?
A. the proletariat
B. class consciousness
C. social stratification
D. horizontal mobility
_______ 15. People who do not earn enough money to pay for a safe place to live and for food
A. live in absolute poverty.
B. live in relative poverty.
C. are members of the working class in the United States.
D. belong to the aristocracy.
_______ 16. A skilled plumber would most likely be a member of the
A. lower-upper class.
B. working poor.
C. working class.
D. underclass.
_______ 17. What occurs when an agrarian society experiences industrialization?
B. Less food is needed to support the population of workers.
C. People move away from cities.
D. The need for energy sources decreases.
_______ 18. Which of the following is an indicator that is used to measure poverty?
A. race
C. access to green space
B. infant mortality rate
D. religious affiliation
_______ 19. Which of the following statements is true of prestige?
A. Prestige must be claimed for oneself.
B. Only the working class is interested in obtaining prestige.
C. Only the bourgeoisie is able to obtain prestige.
D. What might be considered prestigious by one social class may not be considered prestigious
by another.
_______ 20. Which of the following is true of middle-income nations?
A. Most countries in the world are middle-income.
B. Living standards among these countries vary greatly.
C. About ten percent of the world’s poor live in them.
D. Canada, Germany, and Japan are middle-income countries.
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Sociology and You
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
A. Urbanization increases.
NAME ___________________________________________________ DATE _____________________ CLASS ______________
netw rks
Chapter 8 Test, Form A cont.
Social Stratification
DIRECTIONS: Essay Answer the following questions.
21. Analyze the belief by many sociologists that upward vertical social mobility is not a possibility for many
members of American society.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
SHARES OF WEALTH
PERCENT OF WEALTH IN THE U.S.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
100
85%
80
60
40
35%
20
0
15%
Top 1 Percent
Top 20 Percent Bottom 80 Percent
PERCENT OF U.S. POPULATION
Source: Edward N. Wolff, "Recent Trends in Household Wealth in the United States:
Rising Debt and the Middle Class Squeeze–an Update to 2007," Working Paper No. 589.
The Levy Economics Institute, March 2010.
22. This graph shows the distribution of wealth in the United States. What three economic strata does the
graph compare? How is the wealth distributed? How is wealth related to income? What would you think is
the relationship between income and the data shown in the graph? Why do the percentages in the graph
add up to more than 100 percent?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
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