IELTS Writing task 1
Bar chart
• The number of + N (plural noun) + relative clause + singular verb
• The amount of + N (non-count noun) + relative clause + singular verb
• The percentage/proportion of + N (plural noun) + relative clause + singular verb
• The figure + for + N (All) + singular verb
• (V) increase/decrease + to (new value)/by (range of changing)
• (v) increase + twofold/threefold… = double/triple (treble)
• (v) decrease by a half/a quarter/three quarters/one-fifth/two-fifths
• There was an increase (a rise)/a decrease (a drop/a fall/a reduction)/(a) fluctuation
((an) oscillation/(a) vacillation)
• An increase/a decrease from A to B + in the number of/amount of/proportion of.
• An increase/a decrease of 500 = a 500 increase/a 500 decrease
• A twofold increase = to increase twofold = double
• There was an increase of 1000 in the number of people visiting the UK in 2000.
• 2000 saw/experienced/witnessed an increase of 1000 in the number of people
visiting the UK.
• The UK saw a 1000 increase in the number of visitors in 2000.
• The number/amount/percentage/proportion of + N + relative clause + singular verb.
• The number of + N (plural noun)
• The amount of + N (uncountable noun)
• The percentage/proportion + of + N (plural noun)
• The figure for + N + singular verb.
• There was an increase (a rise)/a decrease (a fall/ a drop/ a reduction)/(a) fluctuation (an
oscillation/a vacillation)
• An increase/a decrease in the number/amount/proportion/percentage of sth…
• An increase/a decrease from A to B.
• An increase/a decrease of 500.
• (a) fluctuation/an oscillation/a vacillation + of + the number of people.
• (a) fluctuation/an oscillation/a vacillation between A and B.
• 2020 saw/witnessed/experienced + an increase/a decrease/(a) fluctuation.
• The UK saw/witnessed/experienced + an increase/a decrease/(a) fluctuation.
• (v) Increase/decrease + from A to B.
• (v) Increase/decrease + by 500
• (v) increase twofold/threefold = double/triple (treble)
• (v) decrease by a half/three quarters/ a quarter/two-thirds/one-fifth
• An increase of 5 tonnes = a 5-tonne increase
• An increase of 20% = a 20% increase
Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences.
• 1) There was a marked increase in the number of people owning mobile phones
between 1990 and 1995.
• The number of people owning mobile phones increased markedly between 1990 and 1995.
• 2) 2008 saw a slight drop in the amount of time spent on leisure activities.
• 3) There was a fluctuation in newspaper circulation during the 1980s.
• 4) Over the last 10 years, there was a steady rise in migration from rural regions to
urban centers.
• 5) Hanoi saw a nearly 15% increase in the cost of houses from 1990 to 2000.
• The cost of houses increased by nearly 15% in Hanoi from 1990 to 2000.
• The 1990-to-2000 period saw an increase of nearly 15% in the cost of houses in Hanoi.
• There was an increase of nearly 15% in the cost of houses in Hanoi from 1990 to 2000.
• 6) There was a significant fall in house prices in Hanoi between 1990 and 2000.
• 7) There was an increase in the number of people attending the school from 1000 to
about 2500 between 2010 and 2015.
• 8) The UK experienced a gradual increase in the number of visitors from 2019 to
2022.
• 9) There was a minimal fall in the average house price in Hanoi in the year 2005.
• 10) London saw a significant increase in the cost of homes between 2000 and 2015.
Exercise 5: Rewrite the following sentences using the structures “There was...”
or “ S + saw/witnessed/experienced…”
• The number of people visiting the UK increased by 1000 from 2015 to 2019.
• The amount of money spent on bananas reduced by 1 million dollars in 2022.
• The proportion of people who chose Indian food rose from 10% to 26% between
2014 and 2018.
• The 2014-to-2018 period saw an increase from 10% to 26% in the proportion of people
choosing Indian food.
• There was an increase from 10% to 26% in the proportion of people choosing Indian food
between 2014 and 2018.
• The percentage of females in Vietnam decreased slightly from 49% to about 48%
in 2000.
• Vietnam saw a decrease of nearly 1% in the proportion of women in 2000.
• Số liệu cho nam giới ở Việt Nam tăng vừa vào năm 2003. progressive = constant =
moderate = steady
The figure for Vietnamese males grew steadily in 2003.
• The number of students attending Hanoi University of Pharmacy increases by 750
in the 5-year period.
• The amount of sugar consumed by the local people increased by 10 kilograms in
2018.
• Introduction: 1 câu.
• Huệ: The bar graph illustrates changes in the number of families in America by their annual
income between 2007 and 2015.
• Sao: The given bar graph provides information about changes in the number of households in
the United States based on their annual income from 2007 to 2015.
• Overview: 1-2 câu.
• It is clear that S1 + V1. Meanwhile,/However,/Conversely,/Nevertheless,/In the meantime, S2 +
V2.
• Số lượng hộ gia đình mà có mức thu nhập từ 50,000 đến 74,999 đô la giữ ổn định xuyên suốt
giai đoạn 8 năm đó. Trong khi đó, số liệu cho các mức thu nhập còn lại tăng.
• Huệ: It is clear that the number of households whose annual income was from $50,000 to
$74,999 kept unchanged throughout the 8-year period. Meanwhile, the figures for the other
four income levels increased.
• Sao: It is clear that the number of households having the annual income from $50.000 to
$74.999 kept stable in 2007, 2011 and 2015. Meanwhile, there was an increase in the number of
families with the other annual income levels in the same period.
• Body paragraph 1: 2-4 câu.
• Body paragraph 2: 2-4 câu.
• Vào năm 2007, số lượng hộ gia đình mà có mức thu nhập tối thiểu 100,000 đô la là
cao nhất, ở ngay dưới 30 triệu và giảm khoảng xấp xỉ 2 triệu vào 2011 trước khi
tăng mạnh lên gần 33.5 triệu vào 4 năm sau đó.
• Sao: In 2007, the number of households with the annual income of at least $100,000 was
highest, at just under 30 million and decreased by approximately 2 million in 2011 before
increasing markedly to nearly 33.5 million in the next 4 years.
• Huệ: In 2007, the number of households whose annual income was at least $100,000 was
highest, at just under 30 million and decreased by nearly 2 million in 2011 before increasing
markedly to about 33.5 million in the following 4 years.
• Tương tự, số liệu cho các hộ gia đình mà thu nhập hằng năm từ 75,000 tới 99,999
đô la bắt đầu ở dưới 15 triệu vào 2007 và giảm nhẹ vào năm 2011, theo sau bởi
một sự tăng tới 15 triệu vào năm 2015.
• Huệ: Similarly, the figure for households whose annual income was from $75,000 to $99,999
started at under 15 million in 2007 and decreased slightly in 2011, followed by an increase to
15 million in 2015.
• Sao: Similarly, the figure for households having the annual income from $75,000 to $99,999
started at under 15 million in 2007 and slightly decreased in 2011, followed by an increase to
15 million in 2015.
• Poe: Similarly, the number of households with an annual income ranging from $75,000 to
$99,999 started at under 15 million in 2007 and slightly decreased in 2011, before
experiencing an increase to 15 million in 2015.
• 4 đoạn:
• Introduction: 1
• The bar graph demonstrates changes in the number of families in America by their annual income between 2007
and 2015.
• Overview: 1-2
It is clear that clause 1 while clause 2. Meanwhile,/However,/Conversely,/Nevertheless, clause 3 while
clause 4.
• Số lượng hộ gia định mà mức thu nhập từ 50,000 tới 74,999 đô la giữa ổn định xuyên suốt giai đoạn 8 năm. Trong
khi đó, số liệu cho các mức thu nhập còn lại tăng.
• It is clear that the number of households whose annual income was from 50000 to 74999 dollars remained stable
over the 8-year period while the figures for the other income levels increased.
• Số lượng hộ gia đình mà kiếm tối thiểu 100,000 đô la mỗi năm tăng mạnh từ năm 2011 đến 2015.
• The number of households with the annual income of at least 100 000 dollars considerably increased from 2011 to
2015.
• The number of households whose annual income was at least 100,000 dollars considerably increased from 2011 to
2015.
• The number of households earning at least 100,000 dollars annually considerably increased from 2011 to 2015.
• Số lượng hộ gia đình mà thu nhập từ 50,000 tới 74,999 đô la hằng năm giữ ổn định giữa 2007 và 2011.
• The number of households with the annual income from 50,000 to 74,999 dollars remained stable between 2007
and 2011.
• Body paragraph 1: 2-4: các hộ gia đình có mức thu nhập rất thấp và thấp
• Body paragraph 2: 2-4: các hộ gia đình có mức thu nhập trung bình, cao và rất cao
• Có 5 đối tượng => nhóm đối tượng
• Vào năm 2007, số lượng hộ gia đình mà thu nhập hằng năm dưới 25,000 đô
la là 25 triệu và tăng mạnh tới gần 28 triệu vào 2011 trước khi giảm nhẹ
khoảng xấp xỉ 0.5 triệu vào 4 năm sau đó.
• Poe: In 2007, the number of households with an annual income below
$25,000 was 25 million and increased significantly to nearly 28 million in
2011 before slightly decreasing by approximately 0.5 million in the following
four years. Similarly, the figure for families earning from 25,000 to 49,999
dollars was nearly 27 million in 2007 and increased gradually to nearly 30
million in 2011, followed by a decrease of approximately 1 million in the next
4 years.
• Tien: In 2007, the number of households with the annual income below
25,000 dollars was 25 million and increased significantly to nearly 28 million
dollars before declining slightly by approximately 0.5 million in the following 4
years. Similarly, the figure for families earning from 25,000 to 49,999 dollars
was nearly 27 million in 2007 and increased slightly to nearly 30 million in
2011 before it decreased moderately by approximately 1 million in the 4
years that followed.
• It is clear that S + V. Meanwhile/However/Conversely/Nevertheless, S + V.
• The given bar graph illustrates changes in the number of American families by their
annual income between 2007 and 2015.
• It is clear that the number of households whose annual income was from 50,000 to
74,999 remained constant.
• The number of households whose annual income was from 50,000 to 74,999 dollars + V.
• The number of households with the annual income from 50,000 to 74,999 dollars + V.
• The number of households earning less than 25,000 dollars annually/a year/per year/every
year + V.
• The number of households earning from 25,000 to 49,999 dollars annually + V.
• The number of households with the annual 75,000-to-99,999-dollar income + V.
• The number of households with the annual income below 25,000 dollars/of at least
100,000/between 50,000 and 74,999 dollars + V.
• The figure for + households earning less than 25,000 dollars annually + V.
• There was an increase in the number of households earning less than 25,000 dollars annually.
• 2015 saw a decrease in the number of households earning less than 25,000 dollars annually.
• The figures for the other annual income levels increased over the 8-year period.
• The number of households earning the annual 50.000-to-74.000-dollar income remained
constant.
• The given bar graph illustrates changes in the number of American families by
their annual income between 2007 and 2015.
• It is clear that the number of households earning the annual 50.000-to74.000-dollar income remained constant. Meanwhile, the figures for the
other annual income levels increased over the 8-year period.
• Vào năm 2007, số lượng hộ gia đình với thu nhập 100,000 đô la hoặc hơn là
gần 30 triệu và giảm khoảng 2 triệu vào năm 2011 trước khi tăng mạnh tới 33
triệu vào 4 năm sau đó.
• In 2007, the number of households earning at least 100,000 dollars annually was just
under 30 million and decreased by about 2 million in 2011 before rising significantly to
33 million in the following 4 years. Similarly, the figure for families earning from 75,000
to 99,999 dollars started at nearly 15 million in 2007 and dropped slightly in 2011,
followed by an increase to 15 million in 2015.
• By contrast,
• In a similar way,
• By comparison,/On the other hand,/Conversely,/However,
• Mid-level income = with the income from 50,000 to 74,999 dollars.
Body paragraph
• Body paragraph 1:
• Trình bày về các hộ gia đình thu nhập thấp
• Câu số 1: trình bày về hộ gia đình < 25,000 dollars
• Vào năm 2007, số lượng hộ gia đình với thu nhập dưới 25,000 đô la là 25 triệu, tăng lên 28 triệu
vào năm 2011 và giảm khoảng 0.5 triệu vào năm 2015.
• Câu số 2: trình bày về hộ gia đình 25,000-49,999 dollars
• Tương tự, số liệu cho hộ gia đình mà thu nhập từ 25,000 tới 49,999 dollars hằng năm là xấp xỉ 26
triệu, tăng mạnh lên gần 30 triệu vào năm 2011 và giảm nhẹ về 28 triệu vào 4 năm sau đó.
• On a… adj…basis: adj =daily, monthly, weekly, regular, yearly
• In the following 4 years = in the 4 years that followed.
• My father and I are playing chess, volleyball, badminton and football, and we are also playing the
guitar.
• Body paragraph 2: coordination conjunction: FAN BOYS S+V, and S+V
• Trình bày về hộ gia đình thu nhập trung bình:
• Câu 1: trình bày về hộ gia đình thu nhập trung bình 50,000-74,999 dollars
• Trình bày về hộ gia đình thu nhập cao:
• Câu 2: trình bày hộ thu nhập 75,000-99,999 dollars
• Câu 3: trình bày hộ thu nhập 100,000 or more
Graph analysis
• Bar chart
• Synchro-diachronic graph
• 5 subjects are compared at a
time.
• Horizontal axis: years, from
2007 to 2015.
• Vertical axis: number of US
households (in millions).
• Overall changes:
• Less than $25,000: increase
• $25,000-$49,999: increase
• $50,000-$74,000: stabilize
• $75,000-$99,000: increase
• $100,000 or more: increase
Model answer - band 5.5:
• Thiếu overview =>
band điểm sẽ không
vượt quá 6.0.
• Không đủ 150 từ =>
không đạt task
achievement.
• Một số lỗi sai:
• the united states =>
the United States.
• Không dùng ký hiệu
toán học >5 million.
• >5 million bị sai, đáng
lẽ phải 25 million.
• Viết sai thì: remain =>
remained.
Introduction and Overview
• The chart below shows the number of households in the US by their annual
income in 2007, 2011 and 2015.
• Introduction: The given bar graph provides information about changes in the number
of households by the incomes they earned annually in America from 2007 to 2015.
• The bar chart compares the number of households by their incomes in the United
States over an 8-year period starting from 2007.
• Overview:
• It is noteworthy that the number of households earning from 50,000 to 74,999
dollars remained constant while the others increased throughout the 8-year period.
• Hoặc overview chi tiết hơn:
• It is clear that across the 8 years, households with incomes below $50,000 rose, and
then fell back slightly while households with incomes of over $75,000 dropped
slightly then increased, and those with the mid-level incomes remained the same.
• It is clear that households with mid-level incomes remained the same between 2007
and 2015. Meanwhile, households with incomes of over $75.000 dropped slightly
and then increased whereas those with incomes below $50.000 rose and then fell
back slightly.
Body paragraph
• Body paragraph 1:
• Mô tả các chủ thể giảm xong tăng: $75,000 to $99,999 và $100,000 or more. Mỗi một câu tả
một đối tượng.
• In 2007, the number of households with the annual income of at least 100,000 dollars was
highest, at around 29 million, and dropped by approximately 2 million in 2011 before going up
markedly to 33 million in 2015. In the 2007-to-2015 period, the figure for the annual $75,000to-$99,999 income was lowest, at about 14 million, and also experienced a similar trend with a
slight fall in 2011 before increasing to 15 million.
• Body paragraph 2:
• Mô tả các chủ thể tăng xong giảm (below $25,000 and $25,000 to $49,000) và chủ thể không
thay đổi ($50,000 to $74,999). Mỗi một câu tả một đối tượng.
• By contrast, the number of families whose annual income was from 25,000 to 49,999 dollars
was roughly 26.5 million in 2007, and reached a peak of just under 30 million in 2011 before
going down by 1 million. Similarly, the figure for households with the annual income of less than
25,000 dollars followed the same pattern, increasing from 25 million in 2007 to nearly 28
million in 2011 before dropping to around 27 million in 2011. In the meantime, the number of
households with the annual $50,000-to-$74,999 income stayed static at just over 21 million.
The given bar graph provides information about changes in the number of households by
the incomes they earned annually in America from 2007 to 2015.
It is noteworthy that the number of households earning from 50,000 to 74,999 dollars
remained constant while the others increased throughout the 8-year period.
In 2007, the number of households with the annual income of at least 100,000 dollars was
highest, at around 29 million, and dropped by approximately 2 million in 2011 before
going up markedly to 33 million in 2015. In the 2007-to-2015 period, the figure for the
annual $75,000-to-$99,9999 income was lowest, at about 14 million, and also
experienced a similar trend with a slight fall in 2011 before increasing to 15 million.
By contrast, the number of families whose annual income was from 25,000 to 49,999
dollars was roughly 26.5 million in 2007, and reached a peak of just under 30 million in
2011 before going down by 1 million. Similarly, the figure for households with the annual
income of less than 25,000 dollars followed a similar pattern, increasing from 25 million in
2007 to nearly 28 million in 2011 before dropping to around 27 million in 2011. In the
meantime, the number of households with the annual $50,000-to-$74,999 income stayed
static at just over 21 million.
(Suc, 216 words)
The charts below show the levels of participation in education and science in
developing and industrialised countries in 1980 and 1990.
• Analyze the charts:
• 3 different bar charts.
• Each one is a synchro-diachronic graph
comparing one particular criterion
between developing countries and
developed countries.
• Trend:
• Average years of schooling: increase,
especially in developed countries.
• Scientists and technicians per 1000 people:
increase, especially in developed countries.
• Spending on R&D: increases in developed
countries and decreases in developing
countries.
• Lưu ý: Average
• Adj (only before noun): average
age/cost/price/years
• Verb (Transitive, no passive): Economic
growth averages 6.5% this year.
• Noun (C): an average of 10%, an average
of 8 years.
Introduction and overview
• The charts below show the levels of participation in education and science in developing
and industrialised countries in 1980 and 1990.
• Introduction:
• The 3 given bar graphs provide information on changes in the average years of schooling, the number of
scientists and technicians per 1000 people and spending on research and development between
developing countries and developed ones in the different two years 1980 and 1990.
• Overview:
• It is clear that the figures for developed countries were significantly higher than those for developing
countries. In addition, the charts show upward trends in the levels of participation in education and science
between 1980 and 1990 except for a drop in spending on research and development in developing
countries.
The charts below show the levels of participation in education and science in
developing and industrialised countries in 1980 and 1990.
• Body paragraph 1: describe average
years of schooling and numbers of
scientists and technicians per 1000
people.
• In 1980, people in developed countries
spent an average of over 8 years on
schooling, far higher than that of people
in developing countries, at just over 2
years. In 1990, the figure for developed
countries rose markedly to over 10 years
while the time people in developing
countries allotted to schooling averaged
around 3 years. Similarly, industrialized
countries saw a remarkable increase in
the number of scientists and technicians
from slightly over 40 per 1000 people in
1980 to approximately 70 per 1000
people in 1990. However, the figure for
developing countries increased gradually
from about 10 to roughly 15 scientists and
technicians per 1000 people.
The charts below show the levels of participation in education and science in
developing and industrialised countries in 1980 and 1990.
• Body paragraph 2: describe
spending on R&D
• With regard to spending on research
and development, developed
countries also saw a similar trend in
the 10-year period with the amount of
money growing twofold from just over
150 billion dollars in 1980. By contrast,
the spending allotted to research and
development in developing countries
decreased by a half to about 20 billion
dollars in the 1980-to-1990 period.