Discursive Writing Handout
A discursive response gives an objective account of several views on a topic. It
usually follows the structure of opening with an overview of the topic and
summarising the different viewpoints. It then considers the benefits and
disadvantages of all the differing views. The conclusion usually sums up the
writers own views of the topic.
A discursive essay explores a topic in a balanced way. It presents different points of
view — for or against — and leads to a conclusion based on evidence and
reasoning. It’s often used in academic writing or exams.
✍️ Structure of a Discursive Essay
1. Introduction
1. Introduces the topic
2. States the purpose: to explore both sides
3. Often includes a brief outline of the arguments
2. Main Body Paragraphs
1. Paragraph 1: Argument for
2. Paragraph 2: Argument against
3. (You can include more paragraphs for complex issues)
3. Counterargument (optional)
1. A paragraph that addresses and refutes the opposing view
4. Conclusion
1. Summarizes key points
2. Gives your opinion (optional/you may or you may not/only if needed)
3. Offers a balanced view or final thought
✅Key Features of a Good Discursive Essay
•
Balanced tone: Not too emotional or biased
•
Evidence-based: Uses examples, facts, or logic
•
Clear structure: Intro, body (with contrasting views), and conclusion
•
Formal language: Avoid slang or overly casual tone
•
Connectors: Phrases like “on the other hand,” “however,” “in contrast,”
“moreover,” etc.
Example:
(Title:) Should Zoos Exist? (This is the topic presented as a question to explore
both sides)
(Introduction) (Presents the topic and outlines both sides of the argument.)
Zoos have existed for hundreds of years, allowing people to see animals they
might never encounter in the wild. Some believe zoos are important for education and
conservation, while others argue that they are unfair to animals. In this essay, I will
discuss both the advantages and disadvantages of zoos.
(Arguments For Zoos) (Presents reasons supporting the existence of zoos.)
On one hand, zoos help protect animals. Many zoos take care of endangered
species and help them breed in safe environments. Without zoos, some animals might
disappear forever. Zoos also educate the public about wildlife and encourage people
to care about nature. For example, school children who visit zoos learn more about
animals and how to protect them.
Furthermore, zoos can provide a safe space for animals that would struggle to
survive in the wild due to deforestation, climate change, or hunting. Zoos often have
veterinarians who take care of sick or injured animals, giving them a better quality of
life.
(Arguments Against Zoos) (Presents reasons opposing the existence of zoos.)
On the other hand, some people believe zoos are unfair and even cruel. They
say that animals belong in the wild, not behind bars. In nature, animals have space to
roam, hunt, and live freely. In zoos, they may live in small enclosures that do not meet
their needs. This can cause boredom and stress for the animals.
Also, while some zoos care deeply about their animals, not all of them do. In
some cases, zoos are run more like businesses, focused on attracting visitors rather
than truly helping wildlife. Animals may be forced to perform tricks or be kept in poor
conditions.
(Conclusion) (Summarizes the arguments and offers a thoughtful or balanced
opinion.)
In conclusion, zoos have both good and bad sides. They can help protect
endangered animals and teach people about wildlife. However, we must make sure
that zoos treat animals well and give them the space and care they need. Maybe in
the future, more natural wildlife reserves could replace zoos and give animals the
freedom they deserve.
Writing Task: (Do this in your notebook. Your notebook must be
collected by the class president at the end of the period and to be submitted
on my table at 8E room.)
Unit 5.6 The benefits of zoo (Textbook page 132)
Activity 5
5. You are going to write a discursive response to the topic of zoos. A discursive
response gives an objective account of a variety of views about a topic. It
usually:
-
opens with an overview of the topic and a summary of the range of
views that will be covered
-
contains several paragraphs considering both the benefits and
disadvantages of different views
-
offers a conclusion that sums up the writer’s view on the topic
Write 150-300 words in formal, standard English. Use appropriate spelling strategies
to ensure your writing is accurate.