Internet, Networking, Security & IT Act Notes
Unit 2: Basics of Internet and Networking
UNIT 2: Basics of Internet and Networking
- The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol
suite (TCP/IP) to link devices.
- Networking is the practice of connecting computers and other devices to share resources.
Network Topologies:
- Bus: All devices share a single communication line.
- Star: Devices connect to a central hub.
- Ring: Each device is connected to two others forming a ring.
- Mesh: Devices are interconnected.
Wired and Wireless Networks:
- Wired networks use cables (Ethernet).
- Wireless networks use radio waves (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth).
E-commerce:
- Buying and selling of goods and services online.
- Types: B2B, B2C, C2C, C2B.
OSI Model:
- Layered framework to understand network interactions: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session,
Presentation, Application.
Internetworking Devices:
Internet, Networking, Security & IT Act Notes
- Router: Connects different networks.
- Switch: Connects devices within the same network.
- Hub: Broadcasts data to all devices.
- Modem: Modulates and demodulates signals.
Firewall:
- A network security device that monitors and filters incoming and outgoing network traffic.
Internet, Networking, Security & IT Act Notes
Unit 3: Security Principles and Attacks
UNIT 3: Security Principles and Attacks
- Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability are the core principles.
- Types of Attacks: Passive (eavesdropping), Active (modification), Insider, Outsider.
Cryptography:
- The science of securing data through encryption.
Symmetric Key Cryptography:
- Uses the same key for encryption and decryption.
- Faster but requires secure key exchange.
Symmetric Key Ciphers:
- Block Ciphers (e.g., AES, DES): Encrypts data in fixed-size blocks.
- Stream Ciphers: Encrypts data one bit at a time.
Decipher:
- The process of converting encrypted data back to its original form using a key.
Internet, Networking, Security & IT Act Notes
Unit 5: IT Act 2000
UNIT 5: IT Act 2000
- India's primary law to deal with cybercrime and electronic commerce.
- Provides legal recognition to electronic transactions.
- Defines cybercrimes and prescribes penalties.
- Establishes the Controller of Certifying Authorities.
- Important sections: Section 43 (damage to computer), Section 66 (hacking), Section 72 (privacy breach).