Malacca (Malay: Melaka), officially the Historic State of Malacca (Malay: Melaka Negeri
Bersejarah), is a state in Malaysia located in the southern region of the Malay Peninsula, facing
the Strait of Malacca. The state is bordered by Negeri Sembilan to the north and west and Johor
to the south. The exclave of Tanjung Tuan also borders Negeri Sembilan to the north. Its capital
is Malacca City, which has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 7 July
2008.[14][15]
Malacca has diverse tropical rainforest and experiences an equatorial climate. Situated
immediately south of the Titiwangsa Mountains, the state is mostly level and dotted with
inselbergs, with Bukit Gapis as the highest point.
Although it was the location of one of the earliest Malay sultanates, namely the Malacca
Sultanate, the local monarchy was abolished when the Portuguese conquered it in 1511. The
head of state is the Yang di-Pertua Negeri or Governor, rather than a sultan. Malacca is noted for
its unique history and it is one of the major tourist destinations in Malaysia. With a highly
strategic state position for international trade routes, Malacca was once a well-known
international trade centre in the East. Many traders anchored in Malacca, especially traders
from Arabia, China and India, traded at the port of Malacca and from there were born many of
the descendants and tribes that exist in Malacca to this day.
A great diversity of races and ethnicities have long existed among the local community reflecting
its history. Malays, Chinese, Indians, Baba Nyonya, Kristang, Chitty, Temuan and Eurasians are
significant ethnic groups living in the State of Malacca in the present day.[16][17][18]