Periodic Table
I
→
-
mt.EE:5?E:.rom:aE..
•
•
Mendeleev 's
Mo
M odeum
.
•
osley's
Periodic Table
Modern Periodic
Periodic Table
and
groups
Periods
Blocks
properties
Periodicity ineffect
•
Nomenclature
•
•
Screening
Radius
•
Ionisation
•
Electron
•
•
Potential
affinity
Electronegativity
other
Some
properties
2 Qts
Table
.
Attempts to classify elements
DO BE RE N EIR
Atomic
•
elements
classifymiddle
element is
to
1st
•
TRIAD
.
average of other 2 atoms
of
mass
-
NEW LAND 'S
.
-
LAW
OCTAVES
OF
Arrangement of elements in order of increasing atomic
weight in such a way that every 8th element had
fvwperties similar to first
•
.
-
-
not
calcium
after
MENDELEEV 'S
1st
•
TABLE
significant classification 9thbased
-
s vertical
•
PERIODIC
columns (
(zero group)
Enceht for zero
groups)
and
and VII
group
one
Atomic Mass
inert
added
on
for
gases
.
•
into
two
subgroups A and B
E- ka ne
Ga
63 elements were
MOSELEY
Based
•
on
all other
Eka Si
=
•
-
=
groups divided
Ge
classified
MODERN
PERIODIC
TABLE
Atomic Number
JJ ( frequency) against atomic number plot gave straight line
while with atomic mass
it was
zig zag path
-
.
Modern Periodic Table
.
7
•
Horizontal Rows
( PERIODS)
•
28 Vertical
Columns
( GROUPS)
•
•
period
: 2 elements
1st
( shortest period)
2nd 3rd
periods
-
: 8
elements
(short period)
4th Sth :
periods
18 elements
-
•
( long periods)
•
6th
period
:
32 elements
(longest period)
Identifying
BLOCK
of
subshell
-
PERIOD
Position
valence
-
Element
which
to
p block
No of valence
to +
electron
valence electron
Example
A
=
Block
:
id
;
No
.
of
b
Group
Bd 452
'
.
2+1=3
7th period : INCOMPLETE
-
last electron is
added
Neet 2017
d block
f block
of valence
Always
of electron
in Cn Dd
Group
No
.
electron +
No
22
252252 up 0353 p
.
shell
GROUP
s block
.
'
-
-
subshell
3rd
.
Nomenclature
F Block
•
Lanthanides
:
A Css
Actinoid
:
A
-
71
)
(98-103)
FACTS
Transuranium elements
[Elements after Uranium ]
•
1st
Man
made element
.
Tc
-
Representative Elements
.
tandnentpsbeaks
-
•
]
block
Although He belongs
to
s block
but
its
position in p block
is
it
because
justified
has
fitted
completely
15 sub shell
feature of noble gas
Neet 2020
.
\
Periodicity
Neet 2016
Effect
Screening
combined
Gelb)
repulsive forces acting
valence
less
The
effect of attractive
and
on
:
electron
attraction
called
as
enheriences
from nucleus
screening effect
.
s > p > d >
f
Gunning effect of electron)
-
1
ATOMIC
Radius
Atomic
•
PMT
SIZE
2015
-
calculated
:
by distance between
combined state
in
atoms
-
.
,
covalent Radius
Vanderwall Radius
di
de
Ucav
Metallic Radius
d-
=
Cvw
id
I
=
km
2
2
"
=d
2
.
GROUP
:
PERIOD :
[ Zeff remains same ]
Radius increase
-
decrease
Radius
-
IONIC
increases
A
> A > At
SIZE
Noofproto#
No
of electrons
&
-
Zeff
Zeff
isolated
IE
Zeff
L
GROUP
:
PERIOD
:
gaseous
-
-
2
when
LI
L
B
atom
fully filled
IES >
1-
IE
decrease
IE
increase
Be
decreases
is
removed
an
Ez > IE ,
faeways for
generally
from
an
)
element
but it also
depends on electron
configuration
1522522ps
< (
-
(ENDOTHERMIC)
.
Atomic size
If 252
L
electron
an
Neet 201g
1522g'
P'MT 2014
ENERGY
ONIZATION
Energy change
-
increases
size
.
2
]
[ Zeff
"
152252ps
C
O
half
filled p orbital
C
N
L
1522,22ps 6
F
Ccc
Ne
fully filled orbital
and
2nd shell
ELECTRON
}
Energy
an
•
•
can
PMT
when
electron
released
isolated
be
eve
or
ANION
an
atom
gaseous
the
Measure
an
AFFINITY
-
ve
2010
is
added
.
.
which
atom
an
EA
.
L
Zeff
can
:
Increases
GROUP
:
Decreases
Group 17
Group 18
Group 17
Group
4
:
o
16
High
Large
:"
:
-
ve
eve
U
7 F
s
> se >
>
from left
to
from tofu
to
become
l
d
Atomic
PERIOD
to
.
.
by
ease
-
size
right
bottom
Affinity / Electron Gain Enthalpy
Electron
Crain
Enthalpy
Electron
(voltage of
Br > I
ye
> Po
> o
small size
)
of
ELECTRONEGATIVITY
Ability to attract shared pain of electron
EN 2
Zeff
PERIOD
:
Increases
GROUP
i
Decreases
Man
d
Atomic size
Electronegative Element
Element
Min
Electronegative
Xm
mulling
scale
More
=
28
XP
.
:
i
fluorine Cf )
caesium Ccs)
Pauling scale
Neet 2019
electronegative element
Oz
N
:
More is
the ACIDIC
> ZnO 71520
STRENGTH
( Acidic strength)
Hof 7 HOU > HO Bee > HOI
Properties
Other
I
2
:.
Metallic
character
PERIOD
:
GROUP
:
Increases
character
Enthalpy change
2 mob
Li
of
of
:
GROUP
:
ions
bottom
versa
.
.
.
from lift to right
Decreases
from top to bottom
> Cs
Mobility
Order
Group 2
Group 2
Be
Na
Mg
Diagonal Relationship
Element
of
Anomalous
due
almost
second
,
which decreases
mobility
.
Cst > Rbt > Kt > Nat > Lit
-
i
Li
have
.
Increases
Relationship
element
water
in
Diagonal
3rd period
•
.
by dissolving
occurs
hydration ion increases
2nd period
small
that
gaseous
PERIOD
> Na > K > Rb
3
•
vice
is
night
to
Hydration Energy
2
size
from left
from top
Decreases
Metallic
Now
.
to
size
High electronegativity
Group 14
B
Ae
to
reason
identical
period
behaviour
Group 13
:
of first
.
ionic
C
si
that these
radii
pairs
of
.
Bridge Elements
elements
Now
of
a
group due to
availability of d- orbitals
-
Previous Yrs Imps
.