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EXCEL LOGICAL
FUNCTIONS
WEEK 11
By. Dr. Motasem El-Hawary
AGENDA
1. Syntax.
2. Order of Operations.
3. Functions in Details.
4. The Function Library.
5. IF Statement.
6. Homework.
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OBJECTIVES
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◼ Identify the correct sequence of Excel syntax.
◼ Understanding the basic functions.
◼ Simple mathematic equations.
◼ Applying IF function within a given syntax.
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SYNTAX:
◼ The arrangement and sequencing of the
function and its parameters are referred to
as the syntax of a function in Excel.
◼ In order to work correctly, a function must
be written a specific way, which is called
the syntax. The basic syntax for a function
is an equals sign (=), the function
name (SUM, for example), and one or
more arguments. Arguments contain the
information you want to calculate. The
function in the example below would add
the values of the cell range A1:A20.
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THE CORRECT ORDER OF OPERATIONS:
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◼ Arguments can refer to both individual cells and cell ranges and must be enclosed within parentheses. You can
include one argument or multiple arguments, depending on the syntax required for the function.
◼ For example, the function =AVERAGE(B1:B9) would calculate the average of the values in the cell range B1:B9.
This function contains only one argument.
Multiple arguments must be separated by a comma. For
example, the function =SUM(A1:A3, C1:C2, E2) will add the
values of all cells in the three arguments.
QUICK BRAIN COFFEE
Which of the following functions is using the correct syntax?
- SUM(A2:A8,E2:E8)=
- =A2:A8(SUM)E2:E8
- =SUM(A2:A8,E2:E8)
- SUM=(A2:A8,E2:E8)
- All the previous functions are correct depend on the situation
- Well D☺ne -
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FUNCTIONS IN DETAILS:
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◼ A function is a predefined formula that performs calculations using specific values in a particular order.
◼ Excel includes many common functions that can be used to quickly find;
◼ SUM: This function adds all the values of the cells in the argument.
◼ AVERAGE: This function determines the average of the values included in the argument. It calculates the sum of
the cells and then divides that value by the number of cells in the argument.
◼ COUNT: This function counts the number of cells with numerical data in the argument. This function is useful
for quickly counting items in a cell range.
◼ MAX: This function determines the highest cell value included in the argument.
◼ MIN: This function determines the lowest cell value included in the argument.
THE FUNCTION LIBRARY:
◼ While there are hundreds of functions in Excel, the ones you'll use the most
will depend on the type of data your workbooks contain.
◼ You can even use the Function Library on the Formulas tab to browse
functions by category, including Financial, Logical, Text, and Date & Time.
◼ To access the Function Library, select the Formulas tab on the Ribbon. Look
for the Function Library group.
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QUICK BRAIN COFFEE
In this example, we want to use the formula =MAX(B3:D7)
What would that formula find?
- The total number of items sold between January and March
- The smallest amount of an item ordered in March
- The average number of cakes sold in March
- The largest amount of an item ordered between January and
March
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IF STATEMENT:
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◼ Now, we'll add our IF arguments. The arguments will tell the IF function what to look for and what to write in the
cell depending on the outcome.
IF STATEMENT:
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=IF(Condition-to-Test, Value-If-True, Value-If-False)
◼ This is a logical statement of some kind that returns either TRUE or FALSE.
=IF(A1>74,”Pass”,”Fail”)
IF STATEMENT:
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=IF(Condition-to-Test, Value-If-True, Value-If-False)
◼ The value the cell holding the IF statement takes on if the Condition-to-Test evaluates to TRUE or FAIL.
=IF(A1>74,”Pass”,”Fail”)
=IF(A1>74,”Pass”,”Fail”)
QUICK BRAIN COFFEE
Try the following example using your computer:
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Dr. Motasem El-Hawary©️
HOMEWORK:
Apply the following arguments:
◼ Click the Challenge tab in the bottom-left of the workbook.
◼ In cell F3, insert a function to calculate the average of the four scores in
cells B3:E3.
◼ Use the fill handle to copy your function in cell F3 to cells F4:F17.
◼ In cell B18, use the AutoSum command to insert a function that calculates
the lowest score in cells B3:B17.
◼ In cell B19, use the Function Library to insert a function that calculates
the median of the scores in cells B3:B17. Hint: You can find the median
function by going to More Functions > Statistical.
◼ In cell B20, create a function to calculate the highest score in cells B3:B17.
◼ Select cells B18:B20, then use the fill handle to copy all three functions you
just created to cells C18:F20.
Please Look at the NEXT Page!
Your final spreadsheet should look like this:
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This Presentation is created by
Dr. Motasem El-Hawary©️
WEEK 9 HOMEWORK ANSWERS
Define the following terms below:
◼ #VALUE! Error: Usually the result of trying to do math with a textual value.
Example: =A1*3 where A1 contains the word “hello”.
◼ Excel Formulas: Formula is an expression that operates on values in a range of
cells. These formulas return a result.
◼ Ranges: a specific selected cells that have a parameters to a function call, and
usually it’s displayed at the top left corner.
◼ #NAME? Error: A used cell reference in the formula that is not formed correctly.
◼ (=) sign: tells excel that the contents of the cell is a formula, without the (=) sign,
the formula will not calculate anything. It will simply display the text of the
formula.
This Presentation is created by
Dr. Motasem El-Hawary©️