MITOSIS
bu: Emerald Oriana
HISTORY OF
MITOSIS
WALTHER FLEMMING
Described the process of cell division
in 1882 and coined the word
“mitosis”
Also responsible for the word
“chromosome’ which he first referred
to as stained strands
EDUARD STRASBURGER
named the mitotic stages ‘prophase,
metaphase, anaphase, telophase’ in
1884.
What is mitosis?
Mitosis is the process where a single parent cell divides
to make two identical daughter cells.
Unicellular organisms undergo
mitosis to reproduce asexually.
Multicellular organisms undergo
mitosis to create new cells for
growth and repair old cells.
LET’S LOOK AT
THE STAGES
OF MITOSIS
INTERPHASE
The cell grows in size and replicates its
DNA to prepare for cell division.
This stage occurs before mitosis begins.
3 STAGES OF
INTERPHASE
G1 PHASE
(GAP 1)
The cell increases in size, synthesizes
proteins necessary for DNA replication,
and accumulates energy reserves.
S PHASE
(SYNTHESIS)
This is where DNA replication
occurs.
Longest phase in the
interphase.
G2 PHASE
(GAP 2)
During this phase the cell:
• Checks for DNA damage
•Synthesizes proteins and
organelles
• Grows in size
PROPHASE
The chromosomes (genetic material)
condense (coil tightly) and the
nucleolus disappears.
METAPHASE
The chromosomes align in the centre
of the cell and attach to microtubules
in preparation to split apart.
ANAPHASE
Chromatids separate and move to
opposite ends of the cell.
This stage ensures that each cell contains
identical chromosomes after splitting.
TELOPHASE
Two new nuclei form around each
set of chromosomes.
Chromosomes decondense and the cells
begin to split from each other.
CYTOKINESIS
The cytoplasm of the parent
cell splits to form two identical
daughter cells.
THE WHOLE PROCESS
INTERPHASE
PROPHASE
METAPHASE
ANAPHASE
TELOPHASE
CYTOKINESIS
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