AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
ANSI/ISA-75.01.01-2012 (60534-2-1 MOD)
Industrial-Process Control Valves Part 2-1: Flow capacity - Sizing
equations for fluid flow under
installed conditions
Approved 27 August 2012
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ANSI/ISA-75.01.01-2012 (60534-2-1 MOD)
Industrial-Process Control Valves – Part 2-1: Flow capacity – Sizing equations for fluid flow
under installed conditions
ISBN: 978-1-937560-61-4
Copyright  2012 by ISA. All rights reserved. Not for resale. Printed in the United States of
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–3–
ANSI/ISA-75.01.01-2012 (60534-2-1 MOD)
Preface
This preface, as well as all footnotes and annexes, is included for information purposes and is
not part of ANSI/ISA-75.01.01-2012 (60534-2-1 MOD).
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field of instrumentation. To be of real value, this document should not be static but should be
subject to periodic review. Toward this end, the Society welcomes all comments and criticisms
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ANSI/ISA-75.01.01-2012 (60534-2-1 MOD) – 4 –
ISA REQUESTS THAT ANYONE REVIEWING THIS DOCUMENT WHO IS AWARE OF ANY PATENTS
THAT MAY IMPACT IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DOCUMENT NOTIFY THE ISA STANDARDS AND
PRACTICES DEPARTMENT OF THE PATENT AND ITS OWNER.
ADDITIONALLY, THE USE OF THIS DOCUMENT MAY INVOLVE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS,
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OF
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GOVERNMENTAL
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THE USER OF THIS DOCUMENT SHOULD BE AWARE THAT THIS DOCUMENT MAY BE
IMPACTED BY ELECTRONIC SECURITY ISSUES. THE COMMITTEE HAS NOT YET
ADDRESSED THE POTENTIAL ISSUES IN THIS VERSION.
The following people served as members of ISA Subcommittee ISA75.01:
NAME
COMPANY
T. George, Chair
W. Weidman, Managing Director
H. Baumann
H. Boger
G. Borden
S. Boyle
E. Bunke
C. Crawford
J. Faramarzi
A. Glenn
H. Hoffmann
J. Kiesbauer
J. McCaskill
A. McCauley
V. Mezzano
J. Reed
J. Reid
M. Riveland
E. Skovgaard
F. Volpe
J. Young
Richards Industries
WCW Consulting
H B Services Partners LLC
Masoneilan Dresser
Consultant
Metso Automation USA Inc.
Badger Meter
Consultant
Control Components Inc.
Flowserve Corp.
Consultant
Samson Aktiengesellschaft
Expro Group
Chagrin Valley Controls Inc.
Fluor Corp.
Consultant
Cashco Inc.
Emerson Process Management
Control Valve Solutions
Masoneilan Dresser
The Dow Chemical Company
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–5–
ANSI/ISA-75.01.01-2012 (60534-2-1 MOD)
The following people served as members of ISA Committee ISA75:
NAME
J. Young, Chair
W. Weidman, Managing Director
L. Al-Awami
H. Baumann
J. Beall
M. Bober
H. Boger
G. Borden
S. Boyle
J. Broyles
F. Cain
R. Duimstra
J. Faramarzi
T. George
C. Hergert
H. Hoffmann
J. Jamison
J. Kiesbauer
A. Libke
G. Liu
H. Maxwell
J. McCaskill
A. McCauley
R. McEver
V. Mezzano
H. Miller
T. Molloy
L. Ormonoski
J. Reed
E. Skovgaard
COMPANY
The Dow Chemical Company
WCW Consulting
Saudi Aramco
H B Services Partners LLC
Emerson Process Management
Copes-Vulcan
GE Energy
Consultant
Metso Automation USA Inc.
Enbridge Pipelines Inc.
Flowserve Corp.
Fisher Controls Intl. Inc.
Control Components Inc.
Richards Industries
Kellogg Brown & Root
Consultant
EnCana Corporation Ltd.
Samson Aktiengesellschaft
DeZurik
Consultant
Bechtel Power Corp.
Expro Group
Chagrin Valley Controls Inc.
Consultant
Fluor Corp.
Consultant
CMES Inc.
Consultant
Consultant
Control Valve Solutions
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ANSI/ISA-75.01.01-2012 (60534-2-1 MOD) – 6 –
This standard was approved for publication by the ISA Standards and Practices Board on
30 July 2012.
NAME
COMPANY
D. Dunn, Vice President
R. Bartusiak
P. Brett
J. Campbell
M. Coppler
E. Cosman
B. Dumortier
J. Federlein
J. Gilsinn
E. Icayan
J. Jamison
K. P. Lindner
V. Maggioli
T. McAvinew
R. Reimer
S. Russell
N. Sands
H. Sasajima
T. Schnaare
J. Tatera
I. Verhappen
W. Weidman
J. Weiss
M. Wilkins
D. Zetterberg
Aramco Services Co.
ExxonMobil Research & Engineering
Honeywell Inc.
ConocoPhillips
Det Norske Veritas Certification Inc.
The Dow Chemical Company
Schneider Electric
Federlein & Assoc. Inc.
NIST/MEL
ACES Inc.
EnCana Corporation Ltd.
Endress + Hauser Process Solutions AG
Feltronics Corp.
Instrumentation and Control Engineering, LLC
Rockwell Automation
Valero Energy Corp.
DuPont
Azbil Corp.
Rosemount Inc.
Tatera & Associates Inc.
Yokogawa Canada Inc.
Consultant
Applied Control Solutions LLC
Yokogawa IA Global Marketing (USMK)
Chevron Energy Technology Co.
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–7–
ANSI/ISA-75.01.01-2012 (60534-2-1 MOD)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD .......................................................................................................................... 9
1
Scope ............................................................................................................................ 11
2
Normative references ..................................................................................................... 12
3
Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................... 12
4
Symbols ......................................................................................................................... 13
5
Installation ..................................................................................................................... 14
6
Sizing equations for incompressible fluids ...................................................................... 15
6.1
6.2
Turbulent flow ....................................................................................................... 15
Pressure differentials ............................................................................................ 16
6.2.1
7
6.2.2 Choked pressure differential,  P choked .................................................... 16
6.2.3 Liquid critical pressure ratio factor, F F ...................................................... 16
6.3 Non-turbulent (laminar and transitional) flow ......................................................... 16
Sizing equations for compressible fluids ......................................................................... 17
7.1
7.2
8
Sizing pressure differential,  P sizing ........................................................ 16
General ................................................................................................................. 17
Pressure differentials ............................................................................................ 17
7.2.1 Sizing pressure drop ratio, x sizing ............................................................. 17
7.2.2 Choked pressure drop ratio, x choked ........................................................ 17
7.3 Specific heat ratio factor, F  .................................................................................. 18
7.4 Expansion factor, Y ............................................................................................... 18
7.5 Compressibility factor, Z ....................................................................................... 19
7.6 Non-turbulent (laminar and transitional) flow ......................................................... 19
Correction factors common to both incompressible and compressible flow ..................... 19
8.1
8.2
8.3
9
Piping geometry correction factors ........................................................................ 19
Estimated piping geometry factor, F P .................................................................... 20
Estimated combined liquid pressure recovery factor and piping geometry factor
with attached fittings, F LP ..................................................................................... 21
8.4 Estimated pressure differential ratio factor with attached fittings, x TP ................... 21
Reynolds Number, Re V .................................................................................................. 22
Annex A (normative) Sizing equations for non-turbulent flow ............................................... 25
Annex B (normative) Sizing equations for fluid flow through multistage control valves ......... 29
Annex C (informative) Piping factor computational considerations ....................................... 37
Annex D (informative) Engineering data .............................................................................. 43
Annex E (informative) Reference calculations ...................................................................... 53
Bibliography ......................................................................................................................... 67
Figure 1 – Reference pipe section for sizing ......................................................................... 15
Figure B.1 – Multistage multipath trim .................................................................................. 31
Figure B.2 – Multistage single path trim ................................................................................ 32
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ANSI/ISA-75.01.01-2012 (60534-2-1 MOD) – 8 –
Figure B.3 – Disk from a continuous resistance trim The complete trim consists of a
number of these disks stacked together. ............................................................................... 33
Figure B.4 – Sectional view of continuous resistance trim with multiple flow passages
having vertical undulations ................................................................................................... 33
Figure C.1 – Determination of the upper limit of the flow coefficient by the iterative
method ................................................................................................................................. 41
Figure C.2 – Determination of the final flow coefficient by the iterative method ..................... 42
Figure D.1 – Piping geometry factors .................................................................................... 47
Figure D.2 – Pressure recovery factors ................................................................................. 50
Figure D.3 – Liquid critical pressure ratio factor F F ............................................................... 51
Table 1 – Numerical constants N .......................................................................................... 23
Table B.1 – Values of the stage interaction factors, k, and the reheat factors, r for
multistage single and multipath control valve trim ................................................................. 35
Table B.2 – Values of the stage interaction factors, k, and the reheat factors, r for
continuous resistance control valve trim .................................................................................... 35
Table C.1 – Incompressible flow ........................................................................................... 40
Table C.2 – Compressible flow ............................................................................................. 40
Table D.1 – Typical values of valve style modifier F d , liquid pressure recovery factor F L
and pressure differential ratio factor x T at full rated travel a) ................................................ 44
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