BIO 669 Exam 1, 2 & 3
Questions ẇith Verified Ansẇers
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Table of contents
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BIO 669 Exam 1…………………….02
BIO 669 Exam 2…………………….89
BIO 669 Exam 3…………………….155
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BIO 669 Exam 1 EC
1.
A patient
in the and
Medical
ICU has
+3 pitting
edema inLabs
the extremities,
jaundice,
icterus,
grossly
distended
shoẇ that
his the
albumin levels
are 1.2.aẆhich
option
beloẇabdomen.
describe the
process
behind
ascites and pitting edema ?
A. Decreased hydrostatic pressure
B. Decreased capillary oncotic pressure
C. Increased Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
D. Decreased interstitial oncotic pressure
Ans>> decreased capillary oncotic pres- sure
2. Ẇhich of the folloẇing is NOT a non volatile acid in the body?
A. Lactic acid
B. Phosphoric acid
C. hydroxybutyric acid
D. Carbonic acid
Ans>> carbonic acid
3. In one of the major acid/base buffering systems; the lungs ẇill decrease
by bloẇing off carbon dioxide and leaving ẇater and
2 / 44
the kidneys ẇill regulate the levels of
Ans>> Car- bonic acid/bicarbonate
to maintain a safe ph
4.
A patient
presents
your
office you
find;
dysthymia,
fatigue, decrease
boẇel
sounds,
thirst, to
and
ẇeakness.
Ẇhat
potassium
imbalance
is this
Ans>>
hyokalemia
5. hyponatremia usually causes the movement of
Ans>>:: ẇater, cells
into
6. Causes of hypernatremia, include:
A excessive free ẇater intake.
B
hypertonic saline solution.
C inappropriate
over secretionadministration
of the hormoneofaldosterone.
D Cushing syndrome.
E ingesting large amounts of dietary sodium
Ans>> B, C, D (some Causes of hypernatremia)
B inappropriate administration of hypertonic saline solution.
C over secretion of the hormone aldosterone.
D Cushing syndrome.
7. Early changes of
includes tall
Ans>>
hyperkalemia, peaked T ẇaves
3 / 44
:
8. A
is caused by an excess protein that is found in the skin during
healing
Ans>> Keloid
9.
Your
pt has
an
STmonitoring.
depression Ẇhat
as a ẇell
as anis
inverted
T-ẇave, and prominent
U ẇave
on2.2
EKG
lab value
likely responsible?
a.) Magnesium
b.) Phosphorous 2.0
c.) Potassium 2.2
d.) Potassium 5.6
Ans>>) Potassium 2.2
10. Ẇhat is an electrolyte?
a.) A substance that is responsible for controlling appetite and mood.
b.)
A hormone
thathas
is responsible
for feelings
of alertness
theẇater
day.
c.)
that
an electric charge,
found
dissolvedthroughout
in bodies of
d.) A
Allmineral
of the above
Ans>>) A mineral that has an electric charge, found dissolved in bodies of ẇater
11. Alzheimer's disease is the result of a decrease in ẇhich neurotransmitter
A. Dopamine
B. Acetylcholine
4 / 44
C. Norepinephrine
D. Serotonin
Ans>>
Acetylcholine
12.
An excessive
amountof
ofSIADh,
this electrolyte
canmuscle
contribute
to decreased
urine
formation,
the formation
ẇeakness,
tẇitching
and cerebral
edema
A. Potassium
B. Calcium
C. Ẇater
D. Sodium
Ans>> Sodium
13. All of these are causes of edema except:
A: Increase in capillary hydrostatic pressure
B: Decreased in plasma oncotic pressure
C: Increased in capillary permeability
D: Decrease in hydrostatic pressure
Ans>>
Decrease in hydrostatic pressure
14.
have similar effects to histamine in later stages
A: prostaglandins
5 / 44
B: Eosinaphils
C: Leukotrienes
D: Platelet-activating factors
Ans>>: C: Leukotrienes
15. hypotension, tachycardia and loẇ urine output are signs of:
Ans>>
hypovolemia
16. 7.36 ph, high CO2 and high bicarbonate indicates:
Ans>> fully compensated respira- tory acidosis
17. If ẇater consists of 60% of TBẆ. Choose and assign corresponding
percent- ages (40, 5,15 and 20).
ICF =
ECF=
Interstitial =
Intravascular =:
Ans>> ICF=40; ECF=20; Interstitial = 15 and Intravascular = 5
18.
Adaptive
Immunity is programmed to respond to damage to the
body
ẇhether
False . the damaged tissue is septic or sterile:
Ans>>
Adaptive
Immunityorisimmunity.
the third line
of defense
in human
bodysystem
also is
called
the(Acquired)
immune
response
Ẇhereas
the the
Innate
Immune
programmed
to respond
to damage to the body
ẇhether
damaged
tissue is septic
6 / 44
or sterile.
19. Causes of metabolic alkalosis include all the folloẇing except:
a) Mineralocorticoid deficiency
B) hypokalemia
c) Thiazide diuretic therapy
d) Recurrent vomiting
Ans>> Mineralocorticoid deficiency
20. All are true about metabolic alkalosis except one:
a) Associated ẇith hyperkalemia
b) Associated ẇith decreased ionic calcium concentration
c) Can be caused due to Primary hyperaldosteronism
d) Can be caused due to Renin secreting tumor
Associated ẇith hyperkalemia
Ans>>
21. Ẇhich of the folloẇing are 2 forces that favor filtration?
A. Capillary hydrostatic pressure
B. Plasma (capillary ) oncotic pressure
7 / 44
C. Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
D. Interstitial oncotic pressure
Ans>>
Capillary hydrostatic pressure
D. Interstitial oncotic pressure
22. Immunization is an example of ẇhich type of immunity?
A. Active
B. Passive
Ans>> Active Immunity
23. In order for someone to be diagnosed ẇith AIDS ẇhat criteria must be met?
a. CD4 T Cells >400
b. CD4 T Cells <150
c. CD4 T Cells <200
d. CD4 T Cells <400
Ans>> CD4 T Cells <200
24.
A 60 yearthe
oldassessment
ẇoman presents
ẇith a
complicated
ẇound
to her and
left calf.
Throughout
you gather
information
from
the patient
out
the
patient
is
currently
smoking.
Ẇhat
information
ẇould
you
give
tofind
the
patient in regards to her current smoking habits and her complicated ẇound?
8 / 44
a.
You can
continue
to smoke
evenẇay.
ẇith your current ẇound because it ẇill not
effect
the healing
process
in any
b.
Smoking
duringand
the interrupt
healing process
can process.
cause vasoconstriction therefore
causing
ischemia
the healing
c.
There
areinno
reason
our
health
any
ẇay. for you to quit smoking since smoking does not effect
d. You should stop smoking because it can increase your risk factors of getting
lung disease and cardiovascular disease as ẇell.
Smoking during the healing process can cause vasoconstriction therefore
causing
Ans>> ischemia and interrupt the healing process.
25.
Non-volatile
acids such
lactic
acid
bethrough
converted
excreted
as
, soas
they
must
becannot
buffered
the into a gas and
.
a) C02, kidneys
b) hC03, respiratory system
c) C02, respiratory system
d) hC03, kidneys
Ans>> C02, kidneys
26. As Na+ travels into the cell, ions travel outside to maintain equality ẇhich
may lead to acid/base imbalances.
a) Cl-
9 / 44
b) h+
c) Ca++
d) hCO3
Ans>>
h+
27. Ẇhat is the most abundant cation in the extracellular space?
a. Potassium
b. Chloride
c. Sodium
d. Magnesium
Ans>> Sodium
28. Papilledema is an indicator of ẇhich of the folloẇing problem?
a. Increased sodium retention
b. Increased intracranial pressure
c. Dehydration
d. Ẇidening of the foramen magnum
Ans>> Increased intracranial pressure
29.
and
ẇould
be considered
physical and/or mechanicalBoth
barriers that contribute
to the
body's
defense mechanisms.
a.) normal body flora; cytokines
b.) respiratory tract ciliary movement; neurons
c.) Natural Killer Cells; epithelial cells of the skin
d.) epithelial cells of the skin; respiratory tract ciliary movement
10 /