GNSS Satellite Antenna System
Quick Installation Guide
Issue: 17
Part Number: 31504600
Date: 2025-01-23
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Address:
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Bantian, Longgang
Shenzhen 518129
People's Republic of China
Website:
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Email:
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1
Installation Tools
Some of the installation tools can be adjusted to fit to the site situation.
Flat-head screwdriver
(M4/M6)
Phillips screwdriver
(M4/M6)
Adjustable
wrench
Open-end wrench
(15 mm/16 mm)
Utility knife
Cable cutter
Diagonal pliers
Hammer
File
Brush
Insulation
tape
Waterproof
tape
Measuring
tape
Hammer drill
Drill bit (Ф12)
Ladder
Heat gun
2
GNSS Components (1/2)
GNSS Antenna
Illustration
1. Multiple models are available and
delivered randomly. The actual
exterior may differ from the
illustration.
2. GNSS antennas delivered to China all
support GPS/Beidou dual mode.
GNSS Amplifier
GNSS Surge Protector
Illustration
Illustration
N (female)
N (female)
"Surge" end
N (male)
"Protect" end
N (female)
N (Female) - SMA (Elbow Male) Cable
Type N Male Connector
Illustration
Illustration
SMA (elbow
male)
N (female)
GNSS Antenna Support
Feeder
Illustration
RG8U feeder
½ super
flexible feeder
1. Different operators may choose different
feeders.
2. The maximum distance supported varies
with feeders.
RF Cable Clip
General Surge Protection
Ground Clip
3
GNSS Components (2/2)
1-to-2 Divider
Illustration
1-to-4 Divider
Illustration
N (female)
Input end
N (female)
Output end x 2
N (female)
Input end
N (female)
Output end x 4
N (Female) - N (Male) Elbow Connector
N (Male) Dummy Load
Illustration
N (male)
N (female)
Dummy loads should be installed on the
vacant ends of the 1-to-2 and 1-to-4
dividers.
SMA (Male) - SMA (Elbow Male) Cable
Illustration
SMA (Male) Dummy Load
SMA (elbow
male)
SMA (male)
SMA dummy loads should be installed
on the vacant ends of the 1-to-12
divider.
The elbow male end is deployed on the
BBU side.
GDU100M-12 (1-to-12 Divider)
Illustration
4
Installation Scenarios
Scenario 1: GNSS Antenna Installation
on a Rooftop, Cable Tray, or Tower (Less
than or Equal to 10 m Above the
Ground)
Scenario 2: GNSS Antenna Installation on a
Tower (Greater than 10 m Above the
Ground)
GNSS antenna
Antenna support
Feeder
GNSS antenna
Antenna support
Surge protection
ground clip
Feeder
Feeder
window
Feeder
window
Surge
protector
Surge
protector
Divider
Cabinet
+
4 BBUs
Divider
Cabinet
+
4 BBUs
The outdoor part of the GNSS feeder must
be insulated and cannot be grounded.
If the equipment (divider/amplifier/BBU)
provides surge protection, no surge
protector is required.
If the equipment (divider/amplifier/BBU)
does not provide surge protection, a surge
protector is required. The ground cable for
the surge protector is connected to the
indoor collective ground cable or the main
ground busbar.
Remarks:
This scenario is recommended.
In this scenario, GNSS system damage
caused by earth potential counterattack is
effectively solved.
Equipment room
or cabinet
The GNSS feeder should be grounded at the
top of the tower and near the entrance to the
equipment room.
If the equipment (divider/amplifier/BBU)
provides surge protection, no surge protector
is required.
If the equipment (divider/amplifier/BBU) does
not provide surge protection, a surge protector
is required. The ground cable for the surge
protector is connected to the indoor collective
ground cable or the main ground busbar.
Remarks:
This scenario is not recommended.
In this scenario, the indoor and outdoor
grounding systems must be in good condition.
If the grounding does not comply with
standards or the ground system is stolen,
backfeeding may occur on the GNSS feeder.
5
Installation Scenarios
Configuration principles of feeder fixing clips and surge protection ground clips for the
surge protector and feeder:
China:
Configuration principles of cable clips: If the feeder needs to be secured using cable clips
according to the site survey, the clip spacing should be 2.5 m.
Installation principles of the surge protector on the antenna side: The GNSS antenna
features built-in surge protection. Therefore, no surge protector is required on the GNSS
antenna side.
Installation principles of the surge protector on the BBU side:
•
When the main control board is a UMPTe/UMPTb/UMPTa, which does not provide
surge protection, a surge protector must be installed near the feeder window of the
equipment room or in the cabinet. If a main control board (such as a UMPTg) or
outdoor BBU provides the surge protection function, no surge protector on the BBU
side is installed between the component and the GNSS antenna by default. The surge
protector is optional based on the actual situations.
•
If the GDU100M-12 is used, a surge protector must be installed between the
GDU100M-12 and the GNSS antenna because the GDU100M-12 does not have the
built-in surge protection function.
•
After the GNSS feeder is routed into the feeder window, the surge protector can be
installed near the cabinet. The ground cable for the surge protector can be connected
to the cabinet housing and then grounded through the indoor collective ground cable
or the main ground busbar.
Installation principles of the feeder ground clip for surge protection:
•
If the feeder routed up the tower is not longer than 10 m, the feeder does not need to
be grounded.
•
If the feeder routed up the tower is longer than 10 m and the horizontal cabling route
does not exceed 5 m, install one feeder ground clip for surge protection on both the
GNSS antenna side and the feeder window.
•
If the feeder routed up the tower is longer than 10 m and the horizontal cabling route
exceeds 5 m, install one feeder ground clip for surge protection on both the GNSS
antenna side and the feeder window, and install another ground clip at the junction of
the horizontal and vertical cabling routes.
6
Connection Topology - GNSS Antenna Connected to One
Main Control Board
Topology of the GNSS antenna connected to one main control board
(excluding an amplifier)
Surge protector
Main control
board
• Port type: N (male) - N (male)
• To be prepared onsite
• Length A: See the following
table.
Cable Type
Amplifier
• Port type: N (female) - SMA
(elbow male)
• No onsite cable preparation
RG8U
Not configured
0–150 m
1/2 super flexible feeder
Not configured
0–200 m
Length A Range
The surge protector can be installed near the cabinet. The ground cable for the surge
protector can be connected to the cabinet housing and then grounded through the
indoor main grounding conductor or the main ground busbar.
Topology of the GNSS antenna connected to one main control board
(including an amplifier)
Surge protector
Amplifier
• Port type: N (male) N (male)
• To be prepared onsite
• Length B: See the
following table.
• Port type: N (male) N (male)
• To be prepared onsite
• Length A: See the
following table.
Cable Type
Amplifier
Length A+B Range
RG8U
Configured
151–270 m
1/2 super flexible feeder
Configured
201–350 m
Main control
board
• Port type: N
(female) - SMA
(elbow male)
• No onsite cable
preparation
The surge protector/amplifier can be installed near the cabinet. The ground cable for
the surge protector can be connected to the cabinet housing and then grounded
through the indoor main grounding conductor or the main ground busbar.
7
Connection Topology - GNSS Antenna Connected to Two
or Four Main Control Boards
Topology of the GNSS antenna connected to two or four main control
boards (excluding an amplifier)
N (male) - N
Main control
(female)
elbow adapter
1-to-2 divider
1-to-4 divider
Surge
protector
•
•
•
board
Port type: N (male) - N (male)
To be prepared onsite
Length A: See the following table.
Cable
Type
Divider Type
Amplifier
Length
A+B Range
1-to-2 divider
Not configured
0–100 m
1-to-4 divider
Not configured
0–100 m
1-to-2 divider
Not configured
0–150 m
1-to-4 divider
Not configured
0–150 m
•
•
•
RG8U
1/2 super
flexible
feeder
Port type: N (male) N (male)
To be prepared onsite
Length B: See the left
table.
•
•
Port type: N
(female) - SMA
(male)
No onsite cable
preparation
The surge protector can be installed near the
cabinet. The ground cable for the surge protector
can be connected to the cabinet housing and then
grounded through the indoor main grounding
conductor or the main ground busbar.
Topology of the GNSS antenna connected to two or four main control
boards (including an amplifier)
Surge
protector
•
•
•
Port type: N (male) - N
(male)
To be prepared onsite
Length A: See the following
table.
•
•
•
1-to-2 divider
1-to-4 divider
Amplifier
Port type: N (male) N (male)
To be prepared onsite
Length B: See the
following table.
•
•
•
Cable
Type
RG8U
1/2 super
flexible
feeder
Divider Type
Amplifier
Length
A+B+C Range
1-to-2 divider
Configured
101–250 m
1-to-4 divider
Configured
101–240 m
1-to-2 divider
Configured
151–310 m
1-to-4 divider
Configured
151–300 m
8
N (male) - N
(female)
elbow adapter
Port type: N (male) N (male)
To be prepared onsite
Length C: See the left
table.
•
•
Main control
board
Port type: N
(female) - SMA
(male)
No onsite cable
preparation
The surge protector/amplifier can be installed near
the cabinet. The ground cable for the surge
protector can be connected to the cabinet housing
and then grounded through the indoor main
grounding conductor or the main ground busbar.
Connection Topology - GNSS Antenna Connected to 12
Main Control Boards
Topology of the GNSS antenna connected to 12 main control boards
(excluding an amplifier)
GDU100M-12
1-to-12
divider
Main
control
board
Surge protector
...
• Port type: N (male) - N (male)
• To be prepared onsite
• Length A: See the following
table.
• Port type: N (female)
- SMA (male)
• No onsite cable
preparation
Cable Type
Divider Type
Amplifier
Length A
Range
RG8U
GDU100M-12
Not
configured
0–70 m
1/2 super
flexible feeder
GDU100M-12
Not
configured
0–90 m
• Port type: N (male)
- SMA (male)
• No onsite cable
preparation
The surge protector can be installed near the
cabinet. The ground cable for the surge
protector can be connected to the cabinet
housing and then grounded through the indoor
main grounding conductor or the main ground
busbar.
Topology of the GNSS antenna connected to 12 main control boards
(including an amplifier)
GDU100M-12
1-to-12
divider
Surge protector
Main
control
board
Amplifier
...
• Port type: N (male) N (male)
• To be prepared
onsite
• Length A: See the
following table.
• Port type: N (male) - N
(male)
• To be prepared onsite
• Length B: See the
following table.
Cable
Type
Divider Type
Amplifier
Length A+B
Range
RG8U
GDU100M-12
Configured
71–190 m
1/2 super
flexible
feeder
GDU100M-12
Configured
91–250 m
9
• Port type: N
(female) - SMA
(male)
• No onsite cable
preparation
• Port type: N (male)
- SMA (male)
• No onsite cable
preparation
The surge protector/amplifier can be installed
near the cabinet. The ground cable for the surge
protector can be connected to the cabinet
housing and then grounded through the indoor
main grounding conductor or the main ground
busbar.
Requirements for GNSS Antenna
Installation Positions
This describes the requirements for the installation positions of the GNSS
antennas under different installation environments.
General Requirements
2.
The GNSS antenna should be installed in the protection
range of the lightning rod (within the tilt angle of 45°
below the lightning rod), as shown in Figure 2.
3.
If multiple GNSS antennas are installed, ensure that the
horizontal distance between antennas is greater than 0.5
m.
4.
Do not install the GNSS antenna and any common
antenna on the same horizontal or vertical plane. Ensure
that the vertical spacing between the GNSS antenna and
the common antenna is at least 1 m, as shown in Figure
3 and Figure 4.
5.
The GNSS antenna should be far from:
Building
The GNSS antenna should be installed in an open space
and is far from high buildings. If there are tall buildings
around, the GNSS antenna has a vertical visual angle no
less than 90°, as shown in Figure 1. It is recommended
that the angle be over 120° and the number of traced
satellites be at least four.
Building
1.
Figure 1
Figure 2
⚫
High-voltage power cables
⚫
Strong radiation area of the TV tower
⚫
Radiation area of the main lobe of the RF antenna
⚫
Radiation area of the microwave antenna
⚫
Other areas with inter-frequency interference or
strong electromagnetic interference
Figure 3 Front view
Figure 4 Left view
10
Requirements for Installation on the Roof
1.
The GNSS antenna should be installed in the middle of a roof. Avoid installing it on
the surrounding walls.
2.
The GNSS shall not be installed on the corner of a roof, which is vulnerable to
lightning strikes.
3.
The GNSS antenna should be installed as far as possible from ancillary buildings on
the roof.
The GNSS feeder must not be entangled with the lightning belt on the rooftop.
Requirements for Installation near the Tower
1.
The GNSS antenna should be installed on the top of the equipment room or of the
outdoor cabinet near the tower.
2.
The GNSS antenna should not be installed in the following areas:
⚫
Any area on the tower body
⚫
Cabling tray between the tower and the equipment room
The GNSS antenna should not be installed at the tip or in the middle of the
tower. It is recommended that the GNSS antenna be installed at the lower part
of the tower and not more than 10 m above the ground.
Requirements for Installation on the Pole
The GNSS antenna should be installed in the middle of the pole rather than on the top
of it. Otherwise, the GNSS antenna is vulnerable to lightning strikes.
11
Install the Antenna Support(Exterior 1)
Installed on the parapet
Installed on the concrete floor
Installed on the pole
Fix expansion bolts before installing an
antenna support on the concrete floor or
parapet.
(1) M6x60 bolt
(4) Flat washer
1. Two hose clamps are required for
installing the antenna support on
a pole.
2. The recommended pole diameter
ranges from 35 mm to 114 mm.
12
(2) Nut (3) Spring washer
(5) Expansion sleeve
Install the GNSS Antenna
•
•
The procedure for installing GNSS antennas varies with the antenna type. For
details, see the manuals provided by the supplier.
The tightening torque for tightening the feeder connector is 1 N·m.
Feeder
Cable ties
Seal the connector
Cable
ties
Cable ties
Insulation
tape
Waterproof
tape
Wrap three layers
of waterproof tape
Wrap three layers
of insulation tape
Fix the cable ties
When you wrap the waterproof tape, you can
1.
Ensure that each layer covers 50% or larger surface of the layer below it.
2.
Ensure that the adhesive surface of the tape overlaps the lower layer.
3.
Before wrapping the waterproof tape, stretch the tape evenly until the length of the
tape is twice its original length. Stretch and press the tape tightly to avoid wrinkles
or spaces. Ensure that the tape is tightly wrapped and stuck and will not fall off.
When you wrap the insulation tape, you can
1.
Do not stretch the insulation tape when wrapping it.
2.
Ensure that each layer covers 50% or larger surface of the layer below it.
13
Install the Antenna Support(Exterior 1)
Installed on the parapet
Installed on the concrete floor
Installed on the pole
Fix expansion bolts before installing an antenna
support on the concrete floor or parapet.
14
Install the GNSS Antenna
•
•
The procedure for installing GNSS antennas varies with the antenna type. For
details, see the manuals provided by the supplier.
The tightening torque for tightening the feeder connector is 1 N·m.
Seal the connector
Wrap three layers
of waterproof tape
Wrap three layers
of insulation tape
Fix the cable ties
When you wrap the waterproof tape, you can
1.
Ensure that each layer covers 50% or larger surface of the layer below it.
2.
Ensure that the adhesive surface of the tape overlaps the lower layer.
3.
Before wrapping the waterproof tape, stretch the tape evenly until the length of the
tape is twice its original length. Stretch and press the tape tightly to avoid wrinkles
or spaces. Ensure that the tape is tightly wrapped and stuck and will not fall off.
When you wrap the insulation tape, you can
1.
Do not stretch the insulation tape when wrapping it.
2.
Ensure that each layer covers 50% or larger surface of the layer below it.
15
5 Install the Feeder into the Equipment
Room
Put the feeder
Make the drip loop
16
Screw the fasteners
6 Install the Indoor Feeder
a Make the feeder connector
b Bind the feeder
Cut the redundant feeder to fit the surge
protector. Make an N male connector for the
feeder.
Route the feeder along the indoor
cable rack and bind the feeder with
cable ties.
c Connect the feeder to the surge protector
Connect the feeder to the Surge port of
the surge protector.
For the detailed procedures for
installing the lightning arrester and
connecting the lightning arrester to the
main equipment, see the related
installation manual of the main
equipment.
7 Stick the Labels
a Positions of the labels
b Stick the labels
Bind the labels with cable
ties.
1
2
The positions of the labels are as follows:
⚫
200 mm away from the outdoor feeder connector
⚫
200 mm away from the surge protector
17
Appendix 1 Prepare the 1/2'' Feeder Connector
Heat shrink tubing
O-ring
The preparation method of
N type connectors varies
with different suppliers.
For details, see the
manuals provided by the
supplier.
Back shell
Connector
body
N straight male connector
a
Cut the feeder.
Finished
b
Install the heat shrink tubing
and O-ring.
c
Install the back shell and
connector body.
d
Fasten the back shell and
connector body.
e
Shrink the heat shrink tubing.
18
Appendix 2 Prepare the RG8U Feeder Connector
The preparation method of N type connectors varies with different suppliers. For details,
see the manuals provided by the supplier.
a
N straight male connector
b
Install the nut, crimp, and lining.
Install the crimp.
c
Cut the feeder jacket.
Uncover the insulation
layer.
Push the lining.
Taper inner
conductor.
Remove debris.
Cut the feeder insulation layer.
d
Install the body.
Push the body.
Fasten the body and crimp.
19
Tighten the nut.