Purposive Communication
By: Jerraine Verano
lesson 2:
Communication Processes
The 9 Principles of Effective Communication
Ethical Considerations in Communication
The Communication Processes:
The process of communication refers to the transmission or passage of information
or message from the sender through a selected channel to the receiver overcoming
barriers that affect its pace
The process of communication is a cyclic one as it begins with the sender and ends
with the sender in the form of feedback. It takes place upward, downward and
laterally throughout the organization.
The process of communication as such must be a continuous and dynamic
interaction, both affecting and being affected by many variables.
Communication process consists of certain steps where each
step constitutes the essential of an effective communication.
Elements of the Communication Process
SENDER- The very foundation of communication process is laid by the
person who transmits or send the message.
MESSAGE - Message is referred to as the information conveyed by words as
in speech and write-ups, signs, pictures or symbols depending upon the
situation and the nature and and importance of information desired to be
sent.
ENCODING Encoding is putting the targeted message into appropriate
medium which may be verbal or non- verbal depending upon the situation,
time,space and nature of the message to be sent
CHANNEL - Channel refers to the way or mode the message flows or is
transmitted through.
RECEIVER- Receiver is the person or group who the message is
meant for. He may be a listener, a reader or a viewer
DECODING- Decoding refers to interpreting or converting the
sent message into intelligible language.
FEEDBACK - Feedback is the ultimate aspect of communication
process. It refers to the response of the receiver as to the
message sent to him/her by the sender.
Communication Model
The sender
decides the
message to be
transmitted
The receiver
provides
Feedback
The sender
encodes the
message
The receiver
decodes the
Message
The sender
selects the
Channel
The receiver
receives the
Message
PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS are thoughts that hamper the
message to be interpreted correctly by the receiver
PHYSICAL BARRIERS include competing stimulus, weather and
climate, health and ignorance of the medium
LINGUISTIC and CULTURAL BARRIERS pertain to the language and
its cultural environment
MECHANICAL BARRIERS are those raised by the channels employed
for interpersonal, group or mass communication.
Michael Osborn (2009) claims that communication
must meet certain standards for effective
communication to take place
The Nine Principles of Effective Communication
1.CLARITY makes the speeches understandable. Fuzzy language is absolutely
forbidden, as are jargons, cliché expressions.
2. CONCRETENESS reduces misunderstandings message must be supported by facts
such as research data.
3. COURTESY builds goodwill. It involves being polite in terms of approach and
manner of addressing an individual
4. CORRECTNESS glaring mistakes in grammar obscures the of a sentence also, the
misuse of language can damage your credibility
5. CONSIDERATION messages must be geared towards the audience. The sender of
a message must consider the recipient's profession, level of education, race
ethnicity, hobbies , interest , passions, advocacies and age when darfting or
delivering a message.
6. CREATIVITY in communication means having the ability to craft
interesting messages in terms of sentence structure and word choice.
7. CONCISENESS simplicity and directness help you to be concise.
Avoid using lengthy expressions and words that may confuse the
recipient.
8. CULTURAL SENSITIVITY Today, with the increasing emphasis on
empowering diverse cultures, lifestyles, and races and the pursuit for
gender equality, cultural sensitivity becomes the important standard of
effective communication
9. CAPTIVATING you must strive to make messages interesting to
command more attention and better responses.
Ethical considerations in Communication
Ethical communication involves being truthful, respecting
privacy and confidentiality, and avoiding harm or bias in
messages, while also being mindful of the audience and
context.
Core Principles of Considerations in communication:
Truthfulness and Honesty - Ethical communicators prioritize accuracy
and avoid deception, ensuring messages are truthful and complete.
Respect for privacy and Confidentiality- Protecting sensitive
information and respecting the privacy of individuals and organizations
is crucial.
Avoiding Harm - Ethical communication aims to avoid causing harm,
whether physical, psychological, or social, through the messages
conveyed.
Non-Judgmental Communication - Treating others with respect and
avoiding biased or discriminatory language is essential.
Active Listening - Paying attention to and understanding the perspectives of
others is a key element of ethical communication.
Transparency and Openness - Being transparent and open about information and
processes fosters trust and accountability.
Responsibility - Communicators are responsible for the potential impact of their
messages and should consider the consequences of their actions.
Appropriate Time and Place - Understanding the context and audience is crucial
for ethical communication, ensuring messages are delivered appropriately.
Thank u !!!