University of Eswatini
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
EEE 452 Power Systems
Instructor: J.S Mahlalela (Office: EE 1.11)
Lab 3
ONE LINE DIAGRAMS
USING ETAP SOFTWARE
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Objectives
The main objective of this laboratory is to introduce the us of ETAP simulation software for
power system analysis. In this lab we are going to go through the process of :
• Activating ETAP to be used in the UNESWA network.
• Draw online diagrams
• Run Loaf Flow Solution
• Analyse results
Introduction
Electrical Transient Analyzer Program (ETAP) is an electrical network modeling and
simulation software tool used by power systems engineers to create an "electrical digital
twin" and analyze electrical power system dynamics, transients and protection.
ETAP is the most comprehensive analysis platform for the design, simulation, operation,
and automation of generation, distribution, and industrial power systems. ETAP is
developed under an established quality assurance program and is used worldwide as a high
impact software
Exercise
For building and simulating power networks, open ETAP and follow the steps.
1. Enter four new elements into the one line diagram and proceed to enter the input
data for each element.
Element
Power Grid
Bus 1
T1
Bus 2
Lumped Load 1
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Input data
1250 MVAsc
X/R = 120, Grounding, Y
solid
11 kV, Nominal
20 MVA, %Z = 6, X/R =
17
4.16 kV ,Nominal
5 MVA, %pf =80, Rated
kV = 4, 70 % motor load
Tabs
Info, Rating, Short
circuit
info
Info Rating
,impedance
info
Name plate
2. Once all elements have been connected and input data has been entered, proceed
to run load flow calculation. By clicking on this following tab
and then
Record the following results
Element
Bus 1
Bus 2
T1
Lump1
Results
% Voltage
Voltage kV
% Voltage
Voltage kV
Real power Loss
Reactive Power loss
Real Power absorbed Reactive power absorbed
3. Extend the size of Bus2 and enter the components as shown in the figure
Element
Cable1
Bus 3
T2
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Bus 4
Lumped Load 2
Input data
1250 MVAsc
X/R = 120, Grounding, Y
solid
4.16 kV, Nominal
1 MVA,Typical %Z & X/R
0.48 kV ,Nominal
0.5 MVA, %pf =80,
Rated kV = 0.46, 50 %
motor load
Tabs
Info, Rating, Short
circuit
info
Info Rating
,impedance
info
Name plate
4. Once all the elements have been connected and input data has been entered,
proceed to run the load flow calculation.
5. Record the following results
Element
Results
Bus 1
% Voltage
Voltage kV
Bus 2
% Voltage
Voltage kV
T1
Real power Loss
Reactive Power loss
Lump1
Real Power absorbed Reactive power absorbed
Cable1
Cable Loss
Voltage Drop
Bus 3
% Voltage
Voltage kV
Bus 4
% Voltage
Voltage kV
T1
Real power Loss
Reactive Power loss
Lump1
Real Power absorbed Reactive power absorbed
6. Compare your results with the results in (2) and discuss
7. Extend the length of Bus 2 towards the right side and connect Gen1 1800 rpm, use
<Ctrl + R> to rotate.
Element
Gen1
Input data
5 MW, Voltage Control,
Generation Category:
Design: MW =5,
Qmax = 5 , Q min = 1
Tabs
Info, Rating
8. Enter the required input data for LF. Once the generator has been connected and
input data has been entered, proceed to run load flow calculation.
9. What are your observations from the results (Discuss) in (8)
10. Extend Bus 1 towards the right.
11. Copy elements T1, Bus 2, Lump1 ,Cable1 ,T2 Bus3,Bus4 and Lump3.
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12. Move elements from Dumpster and connect them to bus 1.
13. Insert a normally opened Tie Breaker between bus
14. What are your observations? Discuss the power flows when the tie switch is opened
and when it is closed.
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