EMPOWERMENT TECHNOLOGIES – QUARTER 4 REVIEWER THE ROLE OF ICT IN RECENT HISTORY Edsa People Power Revolution • A major protest that took place along EDSA from February 22 to 25, 1986 involving two million Filipinos from different sectors. • The revolution was a result of the long-oppressed freedom and the life-threatening abuses executed by the Marcos government to cite several events like human rights violation since the tyrannical Martial Law Proclamation in 1972. • Radyo Veritas – a radio station used by Cardinal Sin to encourage people to end the regime of former President Marcos. Edsa Dos • A major protest after 11 prosecutors of former President Estrada walked out of the impeachment trial in 2001. This is also known as the 2001 EDSA Revolution, which happened during January 17 to 21, 2001. The impeachment trial of President Estrada moved to the investigation of an envelope containing crucial evidence that would allegedly prove acts of political corruption by Estrada. • Edsa Dos would not have been successful without the text brigades. Million People March • A series of protests that mainly took place in Luneta Park from August 22 to 26, 2013. It was fueled by online campaigns. It was to condemn the misuse of the Priority Development Assistance Fund (PDAF). The total number of attendees was only around 400,000. Despite that it was still considered a success and clearly demonstrated how powerful social media campaigns are. • Change.org – a website that contains campaigns for social change. Dubbed as “the world’s platform for change” Yolanda People Finder • Philippine history gave birth to People finder database powered by Google. During typhoon Yolanda, it was a vital tool for people across the globe to track the situation of their relatives. SOURCES OF PHOTOS AND GRAPHICS 1. Personal and Professional Photos – taken by amateur or professional photographers. Downloaded and stored on the computer. 2. Scanned Images – photos transferred from printed photos and graphics using scanning devices to your computer. 3. Stock Photo Library – like a Google drive or Pinterest used for stocking pictures. Photos are generated and captured by different individuals. Includes photographs and created images. Come from CDs or DVDs. Royalty-free (no payment) 4. Online Stock Photos – found in the World Wide Web (most dominant source). May be subjected to copyright and fees. ONLINE DIGITAL FILE FORMAT File Format – it is ways of encoding and storing information to storage. Uses suffixes that are added to the end of the file name called File Name Extensions. File Name Extensions – it is means of identifying the format of the file with a period before it after the file name. A “generic” icon is used for all other file types. DIGITAL FILE FORMATS 1. Proprietary Formats – owned and controlled by individuals and corporations. File format specifications are not available to the public. Usually covered by copyrights. 2. Open Formats – aka Free File Formats. Free and can be used by the public. Does not have copyrights or patents. Sustained and maintained by a group of individuals or organizations. DIGITAL FILE FORMATS MAJOR GROUPS 1. Uncompressed or Raw Format – it is used for storing original file format. It is a flexible form but needs a bigger memory to store. 2. Lossless File Format – it is a file format that was compressed to replicate the original quality but at a reduced file size. It is ideal for storing important files (images, audio, or video). 3. Lossy File Format – it is a file format that was compressed as an approximation of the original file but is good enough. It has better compression rate requiring least memory. IMAGE FILE FORMATS - These are means of storing and organizing digital images, photos, and illustrations. It can be classified into two types: Raster/Bitmap Image Files or Vector Graphics Files. 1. Raster Image Files – aka Bitmap Image. It represents digital images in bits of information for storage, which translates to PIXELS when viewed on screen. Majority of raster images are LOSSY. It is the common format you will encounter on the internet. PIXELS – Pix (Picture), and El (Element). It is the smallest information of an image. It is represented by dots or squares that are arranged and added together to form a picture. TYPES – Bitmap Image File (.bmp or .dib), developed and used on Microsoft Windows environment. It is stored in the graphic file format called Device-independent Bitmap (DIB). It is not common in the WWW since it has large file size. Graphic Interchange Format File (.gif), it is very popular in the WWW because of its portability (small file size) and support for animation. It is ideal for images with large areas of uniform color, small images, images with text, navigation buttons. It supports only a small 8-bits per pixel color scheme. Joint Photographic Experts Group (.jpg), it is a common method for photographic images as well as transmission of photos on the WWW. It supports a 24-bit per pixel color scheme. Not ideal use on line art. Portable Network Graphic (.png), it is a free, open source bitmap image format made to improve on GIF. It supports 24-bit per pixel color and true color (16 million colors). It does not support animation. Employs lossless compression. Photoshop Document (.psd), it is a native file format for Adobe Photoshop. Photoshop has the ability to read all the other formats and edit them. 2. Vector Image Files – aka Vector Format or Graphic. These are lossless files created using mathematical geometric equations to represent images in digital computer graphics. It retains the quality of the images in any desired image size. It is the preferred format for those who desire quality prints and display of images. TYPES – Adobe Illustrator File (.ai), it is the file extension for graphics using Adobe Illustrator. It is created using paths and lines connected by points instead of bitmaps (objects, color, and text). Drawing File (.drw), it is a generic drawing created and stored in a vector format that uses lines or paths to represent images. Apple AppleWorks, Microsoft Picture It, CorelDraw, and Corel Paint Shop Pro. Drawing Exchange Format File (.dxf), it is a drawing format developed and introduced by Autodesk, the maker of AutoCAD. It is used for computer-aided design (CAD) vector images. PostScript (.ps), it is a Page Description Language (PDL) developed by Adobe. It is a language for printing documents on laser printers and image setters used to produce camera ready copies. Can be changed in size without image quality loss. Scalable Vector Graphics (.svg), the most common vector graphic on the internet. It was developed by The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). It can be opened by Adobe, Corel, etc. PPI – Picture per Square inch. The more squares measured, the better quality the television visual is. Color of TV – Usually Red, Blue, and Green, which make up of White.
