VOLCANIC ERUPTION
NATURAL PHENOMENA IN LOCAL
OCCURRENCE
KANLAON VOLCANO
Location: Central portion of Negros Island
Causes/s: Magma is formed when the earth's
mantle melts. Melting may happen where
tectonic plates are pulling apart or where one
plate is pushed down under another. If magma
is thick, gas bubbles cannot easily escape and
pressure builds up as the magma rises.
Warning: Alert Level 0 to Alert Level 1, which
means the volcano is at slightly elevated
unrest and volcanic activity could lead to
steam and ash ejections.
Damage: Three localities in Negros Occidental were affected by the ashfall spewed by
Mount Kanlaon
Exposure: The locals of Negros Occidental is mostly exposed to the damage of impacts the
natural phenomenon.
Frequency: Yes, because the people in Negros Occidental need to evacuate from the area
because the volcano occasionally spews ash which is now considered normal for the Negros
Occidental residents.
Strength/ Magnitude:
1. On March 17, 2003, a gray plume was observed above Kanlaon Volcano. Small eruptions
produced plumes that rose 100 m above the crater of the volcano. A total of 46 minor ash
ejections were recorded. After July 23, 2003, only weak emission was noted and seismic
activity returned to normal.
2. A brief phreatic ash eruption occurred at Kanlaon volcano on 21 January 2005, producing
a 500 m high ash plume. Ash eruptions stopped after 25 May 2005.
3. In the 8 days from August 23 to September 1, 2009, 257 volcanic earthquakes were
recorded.
4. Year 2015, on November 23, Kanlaon had a small, steam-driven explosion. On December
12, 2015, Kanlaon had two low energy ash eruption. The minor ash eruption of the volcano
reached as high as 984 ft (300m). On December 27, 2015, an ash eruption occurred at
Kanlaon's active crater. The eruption plume reached as high as 3281 ft (1000m). Light
ashfall were reported in some barangays near Kanlaon Volcano.
On 2 January, people in Hinigaran got sick. Many suffered from a respiratory illness with
cough and flu-like symptoms.
5. In March 29 at 6:20 pm, Kanlaon erupted for 12 minutes which produced a volcanic
plume 1500 meters above the crater and a "booming sound" was heard in some barangays
near the volcano. According to the police department of Kanlaon City, several fire balls,
which were coming from the crater of the volcano, started to flow following a booming
sound and causing a bush fire. PHIVOLCS issued alert level number 1. No casualties were
reported.
NATURAL PHENOMENA IN NATIONAL OCCURENCE
TAAL VOLCANO
Location: Talisay and San Nicolas,
Batangas
Cause/s: Magma is formed when the
earth's mantle melts. Melting may happen
where tectonic plates are pulling apart or
where one plate is pushed down under
another. If magma is thick, gas bubbles
cannot easily escape and pressure builds
up as the magma rises.
Warning: Alert Level 4 has been raised on Taal Volcano from its last eruption January 12,
2020
Damage: About 577 million of agricultural business has been damaged and a lot of houses
are also damaged by the volcanic eruption.
Vulnerability: Residents of Batangas is mostly exposed to the natural phenomenon for
they are the ones nearest to the Taal Volcano.
Frequency: Yes, because the recent eruption of Taal Volcano damaged a lot of properties
at Luzon specifically Batangas. Towns were covered by thick ashes and also a lot of animals
died because of the eruption.
Strength/ Magnitude:
1. A phreatic eruption was first recorded at around 1 pm.
2. By 2:30 pm, PHIVOLCS raised the alert status to Alert Level 2 after a stronger explosion
was recorded around 2 pm.
3. It was followed by an even stronger explosion by around 3 pm that spew an ash column
measuring 100 meters, prompting PHIVOLCS to upgrade the alert status to Alert Level 3 by
4 pm.
4. By 7:30 pm, PHIVOLCS upgraded the alert status to Alert Level 4 after volcanic activities
intensified as "continuous eruption generated a tall 10 to 15 kilometres (6.2 to 9.3 mi)
steam-laden tephra column with frequent volcanic lightning that rained wet ashfall on the
general north as far as Quezon City and Caloocan.
5. Ashfall from the volcano were also experienced in Cavite and Laguna and reached as far
as Metro Manila and Pampanga.
Other Information:
NATURAL PHENOMENON IN NATURAL OCCURRENCE
WHAKAARI/ WHITE ISLAND
Location: 48 km from the east coast of
the North Island of New Zealand
Cause/s: Magma is formed when the
earth's mantle melts. Melting may
happen where tectonic plates are
pulling apart or where one plate is
pushed down under another. If magma
is thick, gas bubbles cannot easily
escape and pressure builds up as the magma rises.
Damage: The eruption of the volcano at New Zealand killed at least five and left 30 people
left wounded.
Vulnerability: The most affected are the tourists who come to visit the scenic place at New
Zealand and of course the residents of the place are the most vulnerable.
Frequency: Yes, the eruption of the volcano could affect the lives of the people all the time.
Strength/ Magnitude: Whakaari erupted continually from December 1975 until September
2000, marking the world's longest historic eruption episode. Killed at least five and left
more than 30 wounded.
Other Informations: About 50 people, New Zealanders as well as foreign tourists, were
feared to have been nearby and several were seen near the rim of the crater minutes before
the eruption.