Introduction to Mathematics for Economists
Formula Sheet
1.
X 
2.
The formula to find the roots for a quadratic equation:
b
b 2  4 ac
2a
Basic Rules of Differentiation
The Chain Rule:
If y = f(u) and u = g(x), then
dy dy du


dx du dx
The Product Rule:
If y = uv, then
dy
dv
du
v
=u
dx
dx
dx
The Quotient Rule:
u
dy
if y = , then
=
v
dx
vdu udv

dx
dx
2
v
3.The total derivative of a function z = f(x, y) is given by dz 
f
f
dx 
dy
x
y