Essay
● Name: Erfan Ali
● Last name: Asghari
● Level: Academic writing
● Instructor: Jumakhan Kohzad
Essay 1:Today, we are going to discuss the ways in which companies can impact society. In
my opinion, the best way for a company to have a positive impact is by investing in education
Education allows people to gain the knowledge and skills they need to find jobs and improve
their lives. For Example,many companies offer programs to teach digital skills, helping
young people to prepare for modern careers. For instance, companies like Microsoft invest
heavily in education through initiatives like coding programs for youth and tech education for
underserved regions. "Education builds confidence and opens doors to opportunities. This
empowers individuals while also contributing to the workforce of the future. This approach
also reduces inequality by giving everyone an equal chance to succeed. Investing in education
helps companies improve society, reduce inequality, and drive long-term growth.
In conclusion, investing in education boosts workforce skills, leading to greater productivity
and innovation.
Essay 2: Enhancing Public Safety: A Key to Improving Urban Quality of Life.
Public safety is one of the most important ways city governments can improve the lives of
residents. When people feel safe, they are more likely to enjoy their surroundings and
participate in community activities. For example, installing street lights in dark areas can
reduce crime and help residents feel secure when walking at night. Governments can also
invest in better policing, focusing on building trust between officers and the community. This
way, people feel comfortable reaching out for help when needed. Additionally, creating safety
programs, such as workshops or youth activities, can keep people informed and prevent
crime. For instance, programs for children after school can give them a safe place to learn and
grow. Public safety not only protects people from harm but also helps create a positive
environment where everyone can thrive. By focusing on these strategies, city governments
can make neighbourhoods safer and improve the quality of life.
Public safety includes measures like effective policing, lighting, and community initiatives,
all aimed at reducing crime and improving community well-being.
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Essay 3: Should Universities Prioritise Libraries or Sports?"
Universities often struggle to decide whether they should spend more money on academic
facilities like libraries or sports programs. Libraries are essential for students because they
provide access to books, research materials, and quiet spaces for studying. They help students
improve their knowledge and achieve better grades. On the other hand, sports programs are
also important as they promote physical health and teamwork. Many students enjoy
participating in sports, which can reduce stress and bring people together. However,
universities should prioritise funding academic facilities because the main goal of education
is learning. Libraries benefit all students, while sports mainly help those who are involved in
athletic activities. Although sports have value, academic success should always come first.
By focusing on libraries and study resources, universities can ensure that all students have the
tools they need to succeed.
In conclusion, universities should focus more on academic facilities to support students'
learning, while still providing some funding for sports programs.
Essay 4: What Factors Do You Think Have Contributed to the Increase in Life Expectancy?
Is It Due to Advances in Medical Technology, Improvements in Public Health, Changes in
Lifestyle Habits, or Something Else Entirely?"
Life expectancy has increased due to several factors. One key reason is advances in medical
technology, which have made it easier to treat diseases and manage chronic conditions.
Medical breakthroughs, such as vaccines and improved surgical methods, have saved
countless lives. Public health improvements have also played a significant role, such as better
sanitation, clean water, and health education, which help prevent many diseases. Additionally,
changes in lifestyle habits have contributed to longer lives, including healthier diets, more
physical activity, and smoking reduction. People today are more aware of how their habits
affect their health. Finally, economic development and improved access to healthcare have
allowed more people to receive proper treatment. These combined factors have led to longer,
healthier lives for many people around the world.
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In conclusion, life expectancy has increased due to medical advancements, better public
health, and healthier lifestyles.
Essay 5: Is AI a Dangerous Technology or a Powerful Tool for Society?"
AI has the potential to greatly improve our lives in many ways. One of the key benefits is in
healthcare, where AI can help doctors diagnose diseases more accurately and quickly. It can
also assist in finding new treatments and improving patient care. In education, AI-powered
tools can personalise learning, making it easier for students to learn at their own pace. AI also
plays a major role in automation, making everyday tasks easier and more efficient, which can
save time and reduce human error. Additionally, AI is useful in climate change efforts by
helping scientists analyse data and find solutions to environmental problems. In business, AI
can improve customer service, enhance decision-making, and increase productivity. Overall,
with careful development, AI has the power to create a brighter future and improve various
aspects of life.
In conclusion, AI has the potential to improve many areas of life, from healthcare to business,
by making tasks more efficient and helping solve global challenges.
End of Independent Essay
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Essay 1:The Reading and Listening were talking about problems with the oil power cars and
let's go for more details.
The Reading said car manufacturers and governments have been eagerly seeking a
replacement for the automobile's main source of power, the internal-combustion engine. By
far the most promising alternative source of energy for cars is the hydrogen-based fuel-cell
engine, but use of hydrogen to create electricity that, in turn, powers the cars. The Listening
said The Reading is correct, oil is the final resource and burning oil harms the environment,
hydrogen is not the solution, first hydrogen is not available as easily as the passage indicates.
It's present in water but it's not usable like that , hydrogen must be first obtained in a pure
liquid state.
The reading said one of the main problems with the internal-combustion engine is that it
relies on petroleum, either in the form of gasoline or diesel fuel. Petroleum is a finite
resource; some day; We will run out of oil. The Listening said imagine the elaborate cooling
technology that's required for that, so hydrogen is not such a practically and easily available
substance. Second using hydrogen will not solve the pollution problem that associated with
cars because producing pure hydrogen will create a lot of pollution. For getting more cure
hydrogen from water or natural gas you have to use purification presses that it require a lot of
energy by burning oil or energy.
The Reading said second, hydrogen-based fuel cells are attractive because they will solve
many of the world's pollution problems. An Unavoidable by-product of burning oil is carbon
dioxide, and Carbon dioxide harms the environment. On the other hand, the only byproduct
of fuel-cell engines is water. Third, fuel-cell engines will soon be economically competitive
because people will spend less money to operate a fuel-cell engine than they will to operate
an internal-combustion engine. The listener said ,but by burning coal or oil that makes a lot of
pollution so although the cars will not pollute, the factory that makes hydrogen for cars would
pollute. Third, it'll cost more than cares health just for foul- soul engine because foul-soul
engine is made of a very expensive model and without platinum hydrogen doesn't go under
comical reaction and would not change to electricity to give power.
Finally hydrogen can't be used instead of oil because it's more dangerous than car pollution.
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Essay 2: The reading And listening were discussing selling and buying fossils, but different
ideas let's go for more details.
The reading said that private collectors have been selling and buying fossils, the petrified
remains of ancient organisms, ever since the eighteenth century. In recent years, however, the
sale of fossils, particularly of dinosaurs and other large vertebrates, has grown into a big
business. Rare and important fossils are now being sold to private ownership for millions of
dollars. The listener said that there are some negative points in selling and buying fossils in
the commercial market but they aren't greatly exaggerated. The benefits of commercial fossil
trade greatly outweigh the disadvantages. First of all, the public is likely to have greater
exposure to fossils as a result of commercial fossil trade, not less exposure. Commercial
fossil hunting makes a lot of fossils available for purchase, and as a result, even low-level
public institutions.
The Reading said This is an unfortunate development for both scientists and the general
public. The public suffers because fossils that would otherwise be donated to museums where
everyone can see them are sold to private collectors who do not allow the public to view their
collections. Making it harder for the public to see fossils can lead to a decline in public
interest in fossils, which would be a pity. The listening said but first it had to pass through the
hands of scientists experts first. This way, the scientific community is not going to miss out
on anything important that is out there. Finally whatever damage commercial fossil collectors
sometimes do, if it weren't for them, many fossils would simply go undiscovered because
there aren't that many fossil collecting operations that are run by universities and other
scientific institutions.
In the end The benefits of fossil trade outweigh the drawbacks.
Essay 3: The passage and the lecture were talking about salvage logging, but different ideas
let's go for more details.
The passage points out that forest fires and severe storms cause a great deal of damage to
forests in the northwestern U.S. The solution to this problem is one way of dealing with the
aftermath of these disasters is called salvage logging, which is the practice of removing dead
trees from affected areas and using the wood for lumber, plywood, and other wood products.
The lecture argued salvage logging may be an effective way of helping forests recover after a
storm or any damage, but it can actually result in serious, longer-term environmental damage
. Its economic benefits are also questionable.
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The passage explained that first, after a devastating fire, forests are choked with dead trees. If
the trees aren't removed, they will take years to decompose; in the meantime, no new trees
can grow in the cramped spaces. Salvage logging, however, removes the remains of dead
trees and makes room for fresh growth immediately, which is likely to help forest areas
recover from the disaster. Also, dead trees do more than just take up space. Decaying wood is
a highly suitable habitat for insects such as the spruce bark beetle, which in large numbers
can damage live, healthy spruce trees. So by removing rotting wood, salvage logging helps
minimise the danger of insect infestation. The lecture said First, cleaning up a forest after a
fire or storm does not necessarily create the right conditions for tree growth. In fact, the
natural process of wood decomposition enriches the soil and makes it more suitable for future
generations of trees. The rapid removal of dead trees can result in soil that lacks the nutrients
necessary for growth. Second, it's true that rotting wood can increase insect populations, but
is this really bad for the forest? In fact, spruce bark beetles have lived in Alaskan forests for
nearly 100 years without causing major damage. And, of course, dead trees do not provide
habitats only for harmful insects. They are also used by birds and other insects that are
important contributors to the long-term health of forests
The passage points out that salvage logging has economic benefits. Many industries depend
upon the forest for their production, and because of this a fire can have a very harmful effect
on the economy. Often, however, the trees that have been damaged by natural disasters still
can provide much wood that is usable by industries. Salvage logging requires more workers
than traditional logging operations do, and so it helps create additional jobs for local
residents. The lecture said In the long run, salvage logging may end up doing more harm to
forests than harmful insects do. And third, the economic benefits of salvage logging are small
and don't last very long. In severely damaged forests, much of the lumber can be recovered
only by using helicopters and other vehicles that are expensive to use and maintain. And
furthermore, jobs created by salvage logging are only temporary and are often filled by
outsiders with more experience or training than local residents have.
In conclusion Salvage logging harms ecosystems and offers minimal economic benefits.
Essay 4: The Passage and lecture Were talking about The U.K.
The passage said The United Kingdom has a long and rich history of human settlement.
Traces of buildings, tools, and art can be found from periods going back many thousands of
years: from the Stone Age, through the Bronze Age, the Iron Age, the time of the Roman
colonisation, the Middle Ages, up to the beginnings of the industrial age. Yet for most of the
twentieth century, the science of archaeology, dedicated to uncovering and studying old
cultural artefacts, was faced with serious problems and limitations in Britain.
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The lecture said In 1990, new rules and guidelines were adopted in the United Kingdom that
have changed the whole field of archaeology in that country. The new guidelines improve the
situation in all three areas discussed in the passage. First, the new guidelines state that before
any construction project can start, the construction site has to be examined by archaeologists
to see whether the site is of archaeological interest or value. Once the site is of archaeological
interest, the next step is for the builders, archaeologists, and local government officials to get
together and make a plan for preserving the archaeological artefacts , either by building
around them or by excavating and documenting them properly before the construction is
allowed to proceed.
The passage said First, many valuable artefacts were lost to construction projects. The growth
of Britain's population, especially from 1950s on, spurred a lot of new construction in British
cities, towns, and villages. while digging foundations for new buildings, the builders often
uncovered archaeologically valuable sites. Usually, however, they proceeded with the
construction and did not preserve the artefacts. Many archaeologically precious artefacts were
therefore destroyed. The lecture said Second, an important part of the new guidelines is a rule
that any archaeological work done on the construction site will be paid for by the
construction company, not by the government. The construction company has to pay for the
initial examination of the site and then for all the work carried out under the preservation
plan. This is a whole new source of financial support. The funding from construction
companies has allowed researchers to study a far greater range of archaeological sites than
they could in the past.
The passage said Second, many archaeologists felt that the financial support for
archaeological research was inadequate. For most of the twentieth century, archaeology was
funded mostly through government funds and grants, which allowed archaeologists to
investigate a handful of the most important sites but which left hundreds of other interesting
projects without support. Furthermore, changing government priorities brought about
periodic reduction in funding. Third, it was difficult to have career in archaeology.
Archaeology jobs were to be found at Universities' or with a few government agencies, but
there were never many positions available, pursuing many people who wanted to become
archaeologists ended up other careers and contributing to archaeological research only,
unpaid amateurs. Last, the new guidelines provide a lot of paid work for archaeologists, work
that didn't exist before. Expert archaeologists are now hired at all stages of the process to
examine the site for archaeological value, then to help draw up the preservation plan, to do
the research in a professional scientific manner, and finally to process the data and write
reports and articles. The increased job and career opportunities in archaeology have increased
the number of professional archaeologists in Britain, which is now the highest it's ever been.
In the end UK guidelines have improved archaeology through funding, planning, and
employment.
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